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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class from works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Polly

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Speaker 1: Brown and I'm Tracy Wilson. Today's episode. If you happen

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Speaker 1: to look at the title, which is the Pastry War,

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Speaker 1: it sounds like a food episode, but do not get excited,

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Speaker 1: because pastry is really only factor into the whole equation mildly.

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Speaker 1: But this is kind of interesting because it's one of

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Speaker 1: those episodes where a bunch of significant history events all

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Speaker 1: kind of rub up against each other. Uh. So, we're

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Speaker 1: gonna talk about Mexico just after the Texas Revolution. We're

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Speaker 1: gonna talk a little bit about the French Revolution and

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Speaker 1: the dwindling monarchy of that country. And we are even

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Speaker 1: going to talk about a funeral that's been requested by

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Speaker 1: several listeners over the years, the one that we recall

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Speaker 1: probably most recently, although I think it's actually been a

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Speaker 1: while with Tabitha who requested it. So when we get there,

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Speaker 1: you'll know that that was Tabitha and many other people

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Speaker 1: asking for it. So, yeah, we're gonna talk about the

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Speaker 1: Franco Mexican Pastry War. We're gonna start with a little

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Speaker 1: bit about Mexican independence. In eighteen twenty one, Mexico gained

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Speaker 1: its independence from Spain, but as a newly independent country,

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Speaker 1: Mexico was really mired and internal conflict for years afterward.

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Speaker 1: The government and rebel forces were almost constantly at odds

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Speaker 1: with each other, and there was a lot of riding

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Speaker 1: and street fights and looting. Those are just everyday occurrences.

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Speaker 1: We should also point out that when we say the government,

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Speaker 1: we aren't really talking about a single stable entity. During

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Speaker 1: that time, there were constant claims being made for the

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Speaker 1: presidency of the newly independent nation, and the leadership of

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Speaker 1: that nation was just changing over and over and over.

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Speaker 1: So one of the main catalysts for this story actually

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Speaker 1: happened in eighteen twenty eight, although the story itself take

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Speaker 1: place for some time, but at this point in Manuel

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Speaker 1: Gomez Pedraza was President of Mexico, at least by election results.

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Speaker 1: Uh When Pedraza attempted to remove the governor of the

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Speaker 1: State of Mexico, who was Lorenzo de Zavola, from power,

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Speaker 1: Zabola called on his ally, General Antonio Lopez de Santa

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Speaker 1: Anna for help, and President Pedraza was quickly overthrown and

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Speaker 1: is as is often the case during times of political rebellion,

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Speaker 1: major riots erupted. A French born pastry shift named Romantel

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Speaker 1: had a bakery shop in Tacobia, which is near Mexico City.

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Speaker 1: Today it's actually a section of Mexico City, but before

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Speaker 1: the twentieth century it was a separate municipality altogether. And

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Speaker 1: in eighteen twenty eight the riots that broke out after

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Speaker 1: Zavola seized the presidency, his shop was actually destroyed by

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Speaker 1: street fighting and then looted by Mexican officers. It's not

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Speaker 1: actually clear which side of the rebellion the leaders had

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Speaker 1: actually been on, but with his pastry shop ruined, Romantel

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Speaker 1: was put out of business. And we should point out

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Speaker 1: that this one page shop was certainly not the only

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Speaker 1: business run by a French national that suffered in the

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Speaker 1: skirmishes that were common in Mexico City at the time.

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Speaker 1: Many businesses were damaged, and many, particularly these French nationals

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Speaker 1: that had kind of flocked there, were left with little

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Speaker 1: recourse in the matter. Monsieur Romontelle petitioned for reparations to

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Speaker 1: be paid for his lost business, but the Mexican government

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Speaker 1: denied his claims. Repeatedly Finally, after just hitting walls and

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Speaker 1: trying to seek help and compensation for the damages, he

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Speaker 1: turned to his home country of France. And we're going

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Speaker 1: to talk for a minute about the king of France

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Speaker 1: at the time. So King Louis Philippe was the French

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Speaker 1: monarch at a very precarious time for France. He had

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Speaker 1: been born on October six, seventeen seventy three, and Louis

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Speaker 1: Philippe was actually a relative of King Louis the sixteenth,

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Speaker 1: but despite his royal blood, he was really a supporter

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Speaker 1: of the revolution. He fought for the French army in

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Speaker 1: the seventeen nineties, but he deserted in less than a

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Speaker 1: year in seventeen ninety three. His father was one of

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Speaker 1: the royal class that was executed during the Reign of Terror,

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Speaker 1: and consequently Louis Philippe lived in exile from his home

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Speaker 1: country for much of his life. When Napoleon Bonaparte was

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Speaker 1: defeated both times, Louis Philippe returned to France, and when

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Speaker 1: King Charles the tenth abdicated after the July Revolution of

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Speaker 1: eighteen thirty left a power vacuum that Louis Philippe stepped

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Speaker 1: into He was sworn in his king of France on

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Speaker 1: August nine, eighteen thirty, despite some detractors calling him a

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Speaker 1: usurper to the throne. Those folks who were known as

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Speaker 1: legitimists believed that Charles the tenth grandson should be the

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Speaker 1: one to become king. Yeah, and just for clarity on

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Speaker 1: our comment about Napoleon being defeated both times and Louis

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Speaker 1: Philippe returning to France, he came back after the first time,

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Speaker 1: and then when things got a little dicey, he left

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Speaker 1: again and went to England. And then when Napoleon was

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Speaker 1: defeated again, then Louis Philippe returned to France and got

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Speaker 1: involved in all of the politics. He was call all

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Speaker 1: the citizen King. He actually took the throne under a

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Speaker 1: revised governing charter that actually limited the power of the monarchy,

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Speaker 1: but he didn't really deliver on his potential to bring

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Speaker 1: class equality and stability to France. He soon began ruling

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Speaker 1: almost as though that limiting charter wasn't in place. He

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Speaker 1: took a really autocratic approach to things, and instead of

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Speaker 1: looking after the interests of the poor in the working class,

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Speaker 1: as everyone who believed he was going to. He instead

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Speaker 1: was known to favor the wealthy in his decisions. Additionally,

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Speaker 1: France hit extremely difficult economic times in the eighteen thirties,

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Speaker 1: which only fed the unrest in the country and the

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Speaker 1: distrust of Louis Philippe. Many attempts were made on his life. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: he had like eight assassination attempts, so not wildly popular.

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Speaker 1: But before we get into Louis Philippe's dealings with Mexico,

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Speaker 1: I would love to pause for just a moment and

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Speaker 1: have a word from one of the sponsors that keeps

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Speaker 1: our show going. While Mexico had been fighting the Texas Revolution,

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Speaker 1: it had been did money, quite a bit of money,

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Speaker 1: and it had borrowed a tidy chunk of that money

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Speaker 1: from France. Lending out the money hadn't exactly made Louis

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Speaker 1: Philippe very popular with his people, and in early eighteen

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Speaker 1: thirty eight there had been no repayment on these debts

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Speaker 1: that had been accrued. Francis King was fretful under over

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Speaker 1: his country's economic times, and he was growing very irritated

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Speaker 1: about Mexico defaulting on the loans. And so it was

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Speaker 1: at this time a decade after that pastry shop that

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Speaker 1: we mentioned was looted and destroyed. That Monsieur Ramontel, who

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Speaker 1: had owned the pastry shop and had been trying for

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Speaker 1: all those years to get money from the Mexican government,

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Speaker 1: finally was able to speak to the French king about

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Speaker 1: how his business had been collateral damage in Mexico's internal

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Speaker 1: power struggles. Louis Philippe was sympathetic to Romontell. So is

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Speaker 1: sympathetic that French diplomat Antoine Louis Defardi asked all French

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Speaker 1: citizens living in Mexico to itemize and invoice all of

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Speaker 1: their goods so that France would be able to clearly

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Speaker 1: assess the damages that have been caused to their property

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Speaker 1: by the ongoing violence from a Chepo Montell's losses. France

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Speaker 1: added sixty thousand paceos to its demand on Mexico to

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Speaker 1: hustle with repayment of those war loans, and in total

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Speaker 1: France called for six hundred thousand pacos from Mexico. This

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Speaker 1: was a huge sum at the time, and in truth

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Speaker 1: the shop had actually only been valued at about one

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Speaker 1: thousand paceos. And this was a shop that was kind

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Speaker 1: of a fancy pants bakery. It was definitely not like

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Speaker 1: a little small rundown thing. This was in a really

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Speaker 1: nice part of town at the time. Uh So that's

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Speaker 1: sixty thousand pacos number is sometimes explained as having been

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Speaker 1: arrived at as the sum that Hermontelle could have expected

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Speaker 1: from a lifetime of running that shop, but in fact

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Speaker 1: Mexico just did not have that kind of money at

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Speaker 1: the ready. France also wanted a trade agreement with Mexico.

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Speaker 1: There had been efforts to actually establish one outside of

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Speaker 1: the demand for repayment of these outstanding loans, but now

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Speaker 1: both of these issues were lumped together, perhaps in an

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Speaker 1: effort to use this unpayable debt as a bargaining chip

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Speaker 1: from Mexico to accept the trade terms that France wanted.

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Speaker 1: The demands were tendered officially by diplomat Antoine Louis de Fontis,

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Speaker 1: and these mandates were issued with a sort of or

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Speaker 1: else ultimatum, with the threat that France would be satisfied

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Speaker 1: one way or another, implying that there would be potential

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Speaker 1: military action if they didn't agree at the trade The

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Speaker 1: ultimatum was issued on March twenty one, eight. Mexico had

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Speaker 1: until May fifteenth to comply and make payment. Mexico's congress

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Speaker 1: had until April fifteen to answer these claims and say

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Speaker 1: either we're gonna make the payment or we'll deal with

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Speaker 1: a trade situation. But it was very clear that Mexico

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Speaker 1: had no intention of paying France this overinflated some that

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Speaker 1: it demanded, and that neither were they terribly interested in

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Speaker 1: agreeing to the terms of this trade agreement. So Deficoti,

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Speaker 1: working with the power given him by King Louis Philippe,

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Speaker 1: called up the military to make good on this or

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Speaker 1: else portion of the ultimatum. So the day after the

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Speaker 1: due date of Mexico's answer, which would have been April sixteenth,

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Speaker 1: the French flotilla arrived. Admiral Charles Baudin headed up the

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Speaker 1: French navy efforts that pressuring Mexico into forking over the

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Speaker 1: loan money and agreeing to this trade agreement. French ships

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Speaker 1: formed a blackade and prevented traffic into and out of

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Speaker 1: Mexican seaports along the Gulf of Mexico, stretching all the

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Speaker 1: way from the Rio Grande to the Yucatan Peninsula. Mexico

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Speaker 1: attempted to circumvent this blockade by having goods shipped instead

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Speaker 1: into Texas ports and then carried overland into the country.

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Speaker 1: Then the United States got involved, as allies to the

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Speaker 1: French and harboring their own issues against Mexico. The United

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Speaker 1: States government offered the U s r C wouldbury into

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Speaker 1: the Gulf blockade to aid the French and their efforts

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Speaker 1: to catch smugglers. Yeah, they were kind of both helping

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Speaker 1: with the bigg blockade and keeping an eye on the

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Speaker 1: smuggling that was going into the ports of Texas. And

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Speaker 1: this obstruction fleet, mostly French with a few uh U

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Speaker 1: s ships lurked there in the Gulf, hampering passage to

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Speaker 1: Mexican ports until fall of that same year. So remember

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Speaker 1: this all started in April. It went on for quite

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Speaker 1: some time. Various attempts at negotiations were made by the French,

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Speaker 1: but the President of Mexico, Anastasio Bustamante, was unwilling to

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Speaker 1: come to an agreement on the matter, and finally, in November,

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Speaker 1: France was simply tired of this passive approach and they

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Speaker 1: decided that it was time to move more forcefully against Mexico.

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Speaker 1: On November seventeenth, Defandi met with Mexico's Minister of Foreign

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Speaker 1: Affairs at Hualapa, but at that meeting resulted in no progress.

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Speaker 1: Defani was insistent that if Mexico had not accepted all

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Speaker 1: demands within ten days, the only possible next steps would

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Speaker 1: be hostile ones. The island fortress of San Juan de

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Speaker 1: Ulua sat as a protective stronghold to keep the port

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Speaker 1: city of Vera Cruz safe, and on November eighteen thirty eight,

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Speaker 1: so again, ten days after that meeting where nothing really happened,

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Speaker 1: France launched a full scale attack on this fortress. This

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Speaker 1: stronghold had been a key defensive position in Mexican history.

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Speaker 1: It had been in this defensive role since the mid

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Speaker 1: fifteen hundreds, so when France attacked it, which made strategic

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Speaker 1: sense because Vera Cruz was really like their ultimate port city.

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Speaker 1: But when France attacked it, it it was perceived it was

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Speaker 1: not perceived exclusively as a strategic attack to get Vera Cruz,

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Speaker 1: but also as something of an insult to Mexico's military history.

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Speaker 1: Mexico formally declared war on France just days later. Coustamante

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Speaker 1: called for the conscription of all able bodied Mexican men,

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Speaker 1: but Mexico did not have the money to put in

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Speaker 1: their into their military, and San Juan de Ulua was

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Speaker 1: raided with relative ease by the French navy. They captured

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Speaker 1: almost all of the Mexican nave and then took command

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Speaker 1: of their fleet within just a few days. So outmanned

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Speaker 1: by the French, Mexico made a rather bold and perhaps

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Speaker 1: surprising choice. They looked to Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

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Speaker 1: to help. Or more accurately, Santa Anna had heard about

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Speaker 1: these various goings on in Mexico's struggles and inability to

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Speaker 1: defend themselves against the French, and he volunteered his services. Initially,

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Speaker 1: Santa Anna was sent to the fortress outside Veracruz to

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Speaker 1: investigate the damage and make an advisement to the governor.

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Speaker 1: He made his investigation even as the fortress was being

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Speaker 1: actively shelled, and then he reported back that things were

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Speaker 1: too far gone that they should just surrender the island

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Speaker 1: to the French, and the governor did so on Santa

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Speaker 1: Anna's advice. But that was a terrible decision. When President

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Speaker 1: Bustamante heard of this move, he was infuriated, and he

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Speaker 1: had the governor ousted immediately to be replaced with none

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Speaker 1: other than wait for it, Santa Anna, so we don't

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Speaker 1: oh of Santa Anna purposely gave poor advice to the

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Speaker 1: governor in an effort to make potential re entry into

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Speaker 1: politics for himself. He was certainly widely enough for such

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Speaker 1: a play, but we really just don't know. He may

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Speaker 1: have thought that the fortress really was lost. Now, it

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Speaker 1: was not long before this that Santa Anna had been

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Speaker 1: utterly disgraced at the Battle of San Jacinto, which yes

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Speaker 1: we know today is pronounced Santa Santo in Texas. Sam

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Speaker 1: Houston and the Texas militia, fired up over the fall

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Speaker 1: of the Alamo, were able to defeat Santa Anna's troops

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Speaker 1: despite being really outnumbered almost two to one. Santa Anna

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Speaker 1: had negotiated his release from the custody of the Texans

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Speaker 1: by acknowledging Texas independence, So at this point he definitely

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Speaker 1: was not seen as a war hero by any means.

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Speaker 1: But even though uh that final battle had gone poorly,

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Speaker 1: President Bustamnte remembered how merciless and driven Santa Anna was

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Speaker 1: capable of being, and he had frankly had it. With

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Speaker 1: this French invasion situation, the Mexican government was losing money

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Speaker 1: on the blockade and trying to defend that island. Fortress

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Speaker 1: had further cost them dearly, and with their navy now

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Speaker 1: in the hands of the enemy, things were looking extremely desperate.

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Speaker 1: Santa Anna put together a makeshift army to deal with

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Speaker 1: the French navy that was occupying Vera Cruz. Also sent

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Speaker 1: a message to the Admiral Bodan disavowing the surrender of

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Speaker 1: the fortress. The next morning, Santa Anna was awakened to

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Speaker 1: a full on attack from the French, and he ordered

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Speaker 1: his men's a counter attack. True to the reputation that

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Speaker 1: he had before the embarrassment at San Jacinto, he and

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Speaker 1: his men quickly drove the French out of the city

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Speaker 1: and back to the Gulf of Mexico. While chasing after

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Speaker 1: the vanquished French, however, Santa Anna was hit by grape

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Speaker 1: shot fire from a cannon. Some accounts describe it as

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Speaker 1: his horse basically being shot out from under him, and

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Speaker 1: his horse was killed and one of his legs was

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Speaker 1: gravely wounded and that leg had to be amputated. It

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Speaker 1: was initially buried at Santa Anna's Vera Cruz hacienda, and

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Speaker 1: apparently the surgery to remove that leg had been done

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Speaker 1: kind of poorly. The surgeon hadn't left enough skin to

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Speaker 1: properly close up around the bone of the remaining portion

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Speaker 1: of Santa Anna's leg, and the skin that was there

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Speaker 1: had to be overstretched when it was stitched closed, and

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Speaker 1: this is sent to have left Santa Anna with a

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Speaker 1: great deal of pain for the rest of his life.

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Speaker 1: But even after the French navy was driven out of

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Speaker 1: Vera Cruz, the blockade continued and France and Mexico were

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Speaker 1: with at war with one another for several more months.

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Speaker 1: But without Santa Anna to leave the troops, Boustamante was

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Speaker 1: forced to enter negotiations less the French to even more

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Speaker 1: damage to his already wounded country, and Great Britain, which

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Speaker 1: was an ally of Mexico, eventually sent a diplomat to

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Speaker 1: help work out a peace agreement, and it was also

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Speaker 1: in the British interests to foster a solution because that

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Speaker 1: blockade was causing them trade troubles as well. Under the

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Speaker 1: guidance of Sir Richard Pakenham, English Minister to Mexico, and

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Speaker 1: a cord was finally reached. Mexico cave to France's demands

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Speaker 1: and they did agree to pay the full hundred thousand

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Speaker 1: pacos that had been demanded at the outset of the conflict.

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Speaker 1: Over the course of six months, they also made a

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Speaker 1: variety of other agreements that the French had demanded. And

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Speaker 1: so on March nine, eight thirty nine, the French finally

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Speaker 1: withdrew from Mexico. And before we talk about the aftermath

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Speaker 1: of this relatively minor war, we will pause for another

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Speaker 1: word from a sponsor. So in terms of how things

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Speaker 1: played out after the Pastry War, Santa Anna came out

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Speaker 1: of that conflict with a boosted image. We're going to

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Speaker 1: talk more on that in just a moment. But President

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Speaker 1: Bustamante did not have the same luck. His image was

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Speaker 1: quite weakened by the whole ordeal. And again the country

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Speaker 1: was already having fiscal problems. Uh. And after he temporarily

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Speaker 1: stepped out of his role as president to deal with

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Speaker 1: a conflict with Guatemala and then resumed his office, Uh,

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Speaker 1: he didn't last. He was eventually overthrown by an uprising

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Speaker 1: in eighty one. By the way, Santa an to launch

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Speaker 1: that uprising, and he ended up becoming president of Mexico.

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Speaker 1: And so about Santa Anna, Yeah, the Pastry War wound

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Speaker 1: up being a true redemption story for Santa Anna. Even

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Speaker 1: though Mexico ended up agreeing to pay France, his actions

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Speaker 1: had cleared Vera Cruz of the French navy men who

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Speaker 1: occupied the city. He was actually a success in this case,

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Speaker 1: and he was very happy to tell everybody. So he

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Speaker 1: was also very quick to point out that he had

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Speaker 1: lost a limb in service to Mexico. Yeah, that apparently

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Speaker 1: was one of the things he would bring up all

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Speaker 1: the time. So when Santa Anna became president of Mexico again,

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Speaker 1: because as we mentioned, there was a lot of turnover happening,

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Speaker 1: and there were several men that took the leadership role

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Speaker 1: multiple times as various coups happened over and over and

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Speaker 1: back and forth. But when Santana became president of Mexico

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Speaker 1: in eighteen forty two, he exhumed his leg from its

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Speaker 1: resting place at his home. This is the thing that

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Speaker 1: Tampatha asked us to talk about. And this leg was

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Speaker 1: given a full military burial with all of the honors

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Speaker 1: one would normally he bestowed upon a fallen soldier. The

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Speaker 1: leg was paraded through Mexico City and a coach like

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Speaker 1: a war hero, and an elaborate state funeral was mounted

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Speaker 1: with poetry, reading speeches, and cannon fire. The leg was

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Speaker 1: reburied under a cemetery monument. I have this cartoon version

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Speaker 1: of this that plays in my head, where people are

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Speaker 1: making these orations about it was a good leg. It's

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Speaker 1: just such a wonderfully odd and funny thing. But the

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Speaker 1: other thing to think about is the fact that political

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Speaker 1: tides turn, and so Santa Anna's leg did not stay

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Speaker 1: in its fancy grave for very long. In eighty four,

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Speaker 1: just a couple of years after he became president. That

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Speaker 1: for that chunk of time, when public sentiment turned against

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Speaker 1: Santa Anna, dissidents exhumed that leg yet again. So that's

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Speaker 1: its second exhamation, and this time it was not to

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Speaker 1: be given a better place. Instead, it was dragged through

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Speaker 1: the streets of Mexico City on a rope while these

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Speaker 1: people that had dug it up chanted death to cripple.

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Speaker 1: Santana was exiled from Mexico, but his life was nothing

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Speaker 1: if not cyclical. In eighteen forty six, Mexico asked him

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Speaker 1: to once again step in as a military leader in

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Speaker 1: the Mexican American War. When the United States made a

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Speaker 1: surprise attack on his camp in eighteen forty seven, Mexican

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Speaker 1: general fled, but in his haste he left behind his

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Speaker 1: prosthetic leg, and the Illinois infantry that had mounted the

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Speaker 1: attack took it. So I means basically Santa Ana lost

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Speaker 1: the same leg twice in battle. Yes, one was his

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Speaker 1: actual flesh and bone leg and the other was a

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Speaker 1: cork replacement, but he just couldn't hold on to that

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Speaker 1: one leg. His captured prosthetic actually toured the United States

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Speaker 1: and then it went on display at the Illinois State

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Speaker 1: Military Museum. Eventually it was moved to a display at

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Speaker 1: the Illinois State Capitol. And this has actually been an

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Speaker 1: issue of contention between the US and Mexico for years,

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Speaker 1: as Mexico has asked that the leg he turned over

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Speaker 1: to their government repeatedly, but much as Mexico repeatedly refused

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Speaker 1: that French chef's request forimbursement, so has Illinois refused please

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Speaker 1: to return the leg of the historic general. So as

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Speaker 1: for Francis King Louis Philippe, he did manage to turn

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Speaker 1: France's finances around for a little while. France entered a

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Speaker 1: depression in eighteen forty six, and another revolutionary uprising followed

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Speaker 1: in eighteen forty eight. Louis Philippe abdicated the throne on

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Speaker 1: February forty eight, and he traveled under the name Mr

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Speaker 1: Smith and fled to England, where he lived until his

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Speaker 1: death on August eighteen fifty. He was the last king

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Speaker 1: of France. And that's the Pastry War, is it sometimes called,

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Speaker 1: which I think it's a fun name, but it's such

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Speaker 1: a misnomer because it really has very little to do

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Speaker 1: with pastry, even if you want to focus on Monsieur

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Speaker 1: Lumontel in his shop. It kind of seems to me

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Speaker 1: that it could have been almost anything at that point,

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Speaker 1: since Louis Philippe was really itching with some frustration at

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Speaker 1: Mexico already, it could have been almost any other catalyst

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Speaker 1: as well. For all we know, this could be called

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Speaker 1: some other entirely different or depending on who had given

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Speaker 1: him the information that really finally sparked this this series

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Speaker 1: of demands to be made. So that is the Pastry War,

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Speaker 1: though as it is called normally, it's fascinating. I didn't

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Speaker 1: even realize um when I started researching it, that it

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Speaker 1: was going to end up being the the whole Santa

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Speaker 1: Anna thing. I didn't, uh, you know, realize that the

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Speaker 1: dust up over this pastry shop was so connected to

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Speaker 1: the Texas and Mexico conflict and all of that stuff.

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Speaker 1: So it's kind of one of those cool ones where

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Speaker 1: a lot of things come together and kind of co here.

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Speaker 1: It helps connect the dots I think on the timeline

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Speaker 1: of history, and now I have a little bit of

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Speaker 1: listener mail and speaking on the timeline of history, it

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Speaker 1: actually refers back to an episode that was before Tracy

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Speaker 1: and Ice time. But uh, the person who wrote this

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Speaker 1: to us is kind of talking about it in the

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Speaker 1: bigger scope of like the cool things that can come

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Speaker 1: out of this podcast, which is so sweet of her.

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Speaker 1: And her name is Holly. I automatically like her. She's

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Speaker 1: as Hi Tracy and Holly. I wanted to send you

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Speaker 1: a postcard from one of the most interesting places I

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Speaker 1: have ever been, and thank everyone that is part of

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Speaker 1: this podcast for making me aware that it existed. I

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Speaker 1: really enjoyed the podcast and just recently finished listening to

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Speaker 1: every episode, both archived and present, and as I listen,

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Speaker 1: I love to imagine visiting the sites and cities that

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Speaker 1: are subject from week to week, and every host has

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Speaker 1: done such a fabulous job of keeping me intrigued and

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Speaker 1: excited enough to have started a bucket list of places

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Speaker 1: that I would love to see. I live in Kansas City,

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Speaker 1: so visiting most of the places on my list is

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Speaker 1: kind of a dream at this point. Imagine how excited

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Speaker 1: I was when I got to the episode about Cohokia.

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Speaker 1: As soon as Sarah and Dablina mentioned that this mysterious

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Speaker 1: settlement was in Illinois, I abandoned everything that I was

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Speaker 1: doing and jumped on the internet to find out how

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Speaker 1: far it was from Kansas City. I was filled with

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Speaker 1: joy when I discovered it was only four hours from

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Speaker 1: my front door. My family and I had already planned

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Speaker 1: our summer vacation for June, and we had chosen to

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Speaker 1: go to Chicago as our destination this year. A map

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Speaker 1: was telling me that Cookio was almost directly between Kansas

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Speaker 1: City and Chicago. It was like fate. Visiting the site

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Speaker 1: took my breath away, and I plan on returning in

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Speaker 1: the fall so that I can walk the trails around

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Speaker 1: the mounds in cooler weather. I'm sorry this note is

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Speaker 1: so long, but I wanted to let you know how

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Speaker 1: much this listener enjoys the podcast, and although I know

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Speaker 1: it's exhausting work. Uh. The story is just one example

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Speaker 1: of how you've informed and inspired me. Thank you for

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Speaker 1: all you do. I love that history comes alive. Uh,

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Speaker 1: it's so cool. And I hope that they had a

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Speaker 1: great time in Chicago, as we know that it's one

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Speaker 1: of my favorite cities. And like they tweeted the other

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Speaker 1: day that my best friend was at the field and

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Speaker 1: I was very very jealous. Uh, So, thank you so much,

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Speaker 1: Holly for sharing that with us. I like when you know,

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Speaker 1: you follow up on something that you've heard and it

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Speaker 1: ends up being a really cool experience. All right for History.

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Speaker 1: If you would like to write to us, you can

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Speaker 1: do so at History Podcast at housetop works dot com.

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Speaker 1: You can also connect with us at Facebook dot com

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00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:59,800
Speaker 1: slash mist in History, on Twitter, at Misston History and

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00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:02,480
Speaker 1: risk dot com slash mist in History, and at mist

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Speaker 1: in History dot tumbler dot com. We have a newish

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Speaker 1: Instagram account which you can find at mist in History,

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00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:10,040
Speaker 1: and if you would like to purchase history goodies, you

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00:24:10,080 --> 00:24:14,320
Speaker 1: can do so at Misston History dot spreadshirt dot com.

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00:24:14,359 --> 00:24:18,240
Speaker 1: I feel guilty that today's thing is named the Pastry

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00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:20,480
Speaker 1: War and we didn't really talk about pastry very much.

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00:24:20,520 --> 00:24:22,439
Speaker 1: So if you would like to learn about pastries, you

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00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:25,159
Speaker 1: can go to our parents site, how stuff Works. Type

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00:24:25,160 --> 00:24:28,119
Speaker 1: in the words ten pastries in the search bar, and

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00:24:28,160 --> 00:24:30,119
Speaker 1: you will get an article called the ten most Decadite

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00:24:30,160 --> 00:24:33,359
Speaker 1: Pastries Ever conceived. It's not exactly a history article, but

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00:24:33,359 --> 00:24:35,600
Speaker 1: there's lots of delicious things, and like I said, I

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00:24:35,680 --> 00:24:37,639
Speaker 1: feel guilty that we named an episode of the pastry

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00:24:37,680 --> 00:24:39,800
Speaker 1: War and we don't talk about delicious desserts at all.

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00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:44,040
Speaker 1: You can also visit us at Miston history dot com

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00:24:44,640 --> 00:24:47,520
Speaker 1: where we have all of those archived episodes that our

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00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:50,720
Speaker 1: listener Holly talked about, and we also have show notes

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00:24:50,760 --> 00:24:52,840
Speaker 1: for every episode Tracy and I have worked on. So

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00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:55,399
Speaker 1: we do encourageute to come and visit us at Miston

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00:24:55,480 --> 00:25:01,159
Speaker 1: history dot com and how stuff works dot com. For

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00:25:01,240 --> 00:25:04,080
Speaker 1: more on thisss thousands of other topics, visit how stuff

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00:25:04,119 --> 00:25:17,800
Speaker 1: works dot com