1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:07,960 Speaker 1: M hmm. It's up cast uh pod today Robert Evans 2 00:00:08,119 --> 00:00:12,160 Speaker 1: me behind the Bastards. This podcast we talk about bad people, 3 00:00:12,280 --> 00:00:14,760 Speaker 1: and I don't do a very good job of introducing 4 00:00:14,760 --> 00:00:17,880 Speaker 1: the show. That is the entirety of my job to 5 00:00:18,040 --> 00:00:22,640 Speaker 1: do and also to introduce UM. I apologize for that. 6 00:00:22,760 --> 00:00:24,919 Speaker 1: Today we have a little bit of a special episode 7 00:00:25,040 --> 00:00:28,520 Speaker 1: for y'all. We're talking about the Golden Age of terrorism 8 00:00:28,560 --> 00:00:30,400 Speaker 1: and I'll explain what that is in a minute. And 9 00:00:30,480 --> 00:00:33,519 Speaker 1: my guests are a couple of of of friends and 10 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:37,920 Speaker 1: colleagues of mine from the the real world, UM and 11 00:00:37,920 --> 00:00:41,760 Speaker 1: in the mean streets of Portland, Oregon. Welcome to the show. 12 00:00:42,520 --> 00:00:45,080 Speaker 1: To two of the people, I get repeatedly tear gassed 13 00:00:45,080 --> 00:00:52,839 Speaker 1: and grenaded and threatened with firearms, sometimes with being a lane. Hello, Hi, 14 00:00:53,440 --> 00:00:57,520 Speaker 1: how are y'all doing tonight? I'm doing okay. I'm not 15 00:00:57,640 --> 00:01:01,480 Speaker 1: getting threatened with grenades or tear guests. Yeah, that's some 16 00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:05,160 Speaker 1: always a fun thing to do, especially since probably some 17 00:01:05,240 --> 00:01:07,280 Speaker 1: of our friends will get threatened with grenades into your 18 00:01:07,319 --> 00:01:12,080 Speaker 1: guest tonight more likely than not. Yeah, that's most most night. So, uh, 19 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:13,560 Speaker 1: you want to you want to tell the listeners a 20 00:01:13,600 --> 00:01:15,720 Speaker 1: little bit about yourself since you're not you're not comming 21 00:01:15,720 --> 00:01:19,360 Speaker 1: into this as as as as a big time stand 22 00:01:19,440 --> 00:01:24,360 Speaker 1: up comedians like most of our guests, or is local 23 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:29,040 Speaker 1: youths like Garrison. Oh um, Yeah, So my name is 24 00:01:29,080 --> 00:01:36,200 Speaker 1: b Um and I am half of Surtists were journalists 25 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:41,039 Speaker 1: collective that started as a ship posting account and then 26 00:01:41,080 --> 00:01:44,840 Speaker 1: there was a curfew and our friend Robert wanted some backup, 27 00:01:44,959 --> 00:01:47,880 Speaker 1: so we went and started reporting on stuff. And now 28 00:01:47,920 --> 00:01:51,480 Speaker 1: three months later we're still reporting on stuff and we've 29 00:01:51,480 --> 00:01:53,640 Speaker 1: been shot with a lot more tear grass and grenades 30 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:56,520 Speaker 1: and pepperballs since then. Yeah, and an amount that seems 31 00:01:56,520 --> 00:01:59,920 Speaker 1: almost impossible when you try to take stock of it. 32 00:02:01,120 --> 00:02:03,480 Speaker 1: I have now Vintier guest with you more times than 33 00:02:03,520 --> 00:02:07,160 Speaker 1: I can count. Yes, yes, that is very accurate, but 34 00:02:07,200 --> 00:02:12,519 Speaker 1: certainly I can confirm north of a hundred times. Um. 35 00:02:12,600 --> 00:02:15,440 Speaker 1: So yeah, that's that's be in a lane. And today 36 00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:18,160 Speaker 1: we're going to talk about the Golden age of terrorism? 37 00:02:18,320 --> 00:02:19,600 Speaker 1: Do you do you know? What? What do do you do? 38 00:02:19,600 --> 00:02:21,120 Speaker 1: You know anything about the golden age of terrorism? Is 39 00:02:21,160 --> 00:02:23,480 Speaker 1: that a term you've heard prior to tonight? I assume 40 00:02:23,520 --> 00:02:26,800 Speaker 1: it involves bell bottoms and just massive quantities of cocaine 41 00:02:26,800 --> 00:02:29,920 Speaker 1: in a K fort Yes to everything, but the A 42 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: K forty seven. So this is a fascinating period because 43 00:02:33,080 --> 00:02:35,079 Speaker 1: when when you were talking about the golden age of 44 00:02:35,160 --> 00:02:38,520 Speaker 1: terrorism is like the sixties up through the late seventies, 45 00:02:39,040 --> 00:02:41,760 Speaker 1: and some people would say into the eighties. One of 46 00:02:41,800 --> 00:02:44,400 Speaker 1: the things that's fascinating about it is that modern body 47 00:02:44,480 --> 00:02:48,000 Speaker 1: armor didn't really exist. Like you you had some you know, 48 00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:50,320 Speaker 1: some flak vests and stuff. You had some stuff that 49 00:02:50,320 --> 00:02:52,000 Speaker 1: can maybe stop some pistol rounds, but like it was 50 00:02:52,120 --> 00:02:55,880 Speaker 1: very uncommon and it didn't work well. So fucking everybody 51 00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:58,639 Speaker 1: in terrorism uses machine pistols so like, which are like 52 00:02:58,639 --> 00:03:01,480 Speaker 1: like little handguns the fire a bunch of rounds really fast, 53 00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:03,560 Speaker 1: so you can just jam in like the door of 54 00:03:03,560 --> 00:03:05,880 Speaker 1: a building and just spray it down with gunfire. So 55 00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:08,680 Speaker 1: it's like a lot of fucking scorpion machine pistols and stuff. 56 00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:13,760 Speaker 1: Nine Mills and Toko ReBs. Yeah, all of the all 57 00:03:13,840 --> 00:03:17,720 Speaker 1: of the eighties action movies and every good James Bond 58 00:03:18,000 --> 00:03:20,400 Speaker 1: and every good. That's why I'm excited to talk about 59 00:03:20,440 --> 00:03:24,120 Speaker 1: today because like terrorism real bummer these days, right, Like 60 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:26,200 Speaker 1: it's mostly you're gonna kill a lot of innocent people. 61 00:03:26,320 --> 00:03:29,800 Speaker 1: You're gonna specifically try to just kill innocent people most 62 00:03:29,840 --> 00:03:32,600 Speaker 1: of the time. And usually if you're a terrorist now, 63 00:03:32,720 --> 00:03:34,960 Speaker 1: like one way or the other, you want to kill 64 00:03:35,000 --> 00:03:37,480 Speaker 1: everyone in the world, pretty much like your isis and 65 00:03:37,520 --> 00:03:39,280 Speaker 1: you want to kill all the people who aren't Muslims. 66 00:03:39,400 --> 00:03:41,400 Speaker 1: You're some Nazi and you want to kill everybody who's 67 00:03:41,440 --> 00:03:44,040 Speaker 1: not like you're kind of white like whatever, whatever kind 68 00:03:44,040 --> 00:03:46,480 Speaker 1: of terrorists you are, it's a bleak ass kind of terrorists. 69 00:03:46,760 --> 00:03:51,080 Speaker 1: Whereas in the sixties and seventies there were some fun terrorists, Like, 70 00:03:51,120 --> 00:03:53,280 Speaker 1: I mean, they killed a lot of people, Like, but 71 00:03:53,480 --> 00:03:56,000 Speaker 1: did any of them want to drown Silicon Valley to 72 00:03:56,080 --> 00:04:00,400 Speaker 1: make France the new hub of technology? Not no, but 73 00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:03,720 Speaker 1: that that would have been That would have been fun. 74 00:04:04,640 --> 00:04:06,920 Speaker 1: There is there, there is. There is a pretty good 75 00:04:06,960 --> 00:04:10,800 Speaker 1: attack on OPEC though. Um. Yeah, so it was like 76 00:04:10,920 --> 00:04:13,680 Speaker 1: you you've got in this period of time, number one, 77 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:16,479 Speaker 1: the world wasn't quite so bleak, so terrorism was like 78 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:18,960 Speaker 1: a lot more fun, um and it's a lot cooler. 79 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:22,159 Speaker 1: Everybody's like walking random machine pistols. They got like fucking 80 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:25,039 Speaker 1: bell bottoms, great great outfits. You've got all these cool 81 00:04:25,600 --> 00:04:29,440 Speaker 1: like different you know, liberation movements that aren't all religious 82 00:04:29,440 --> 00:04:33,640 Speaker 1: extremists and stuff. It's a fun time to talk about terrorism. Um, 83 00:04:33,680 --> 00:04:36,919 Speaker 1: and the main thing people do isn't just suicide bomb 84 00:04:36,920 --> 00:04:42,240 Speaker 1: others too and fire randomly into businesses full of people. Um. Yeah, 85 00:04:42,320 --> 00:04:46,080 Speaker 1: we're gonna talk a lot about plane hijackings, skyjackings. Yeah, 86 00:04:46,360 --> 00:04:50,640 Speaker 1: I just keep thinking of now Saturday Night Live episodes 87 00:04:50,680 --> 00:04:53,680 Speaker 1: from my childhood. Yeah, there's a lot of a lot 88 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:55,880 Speaker 1: of those eighties episodes make jokes, and there's like the 89 00:04:55,920 --> 00:04:58,080 Speaker 1: movie Airplane, there's a joke. But we'll talk about We're 90 00:04:58,120 --> 00:05:00,000 Speaker 1: all that in a second. So we're gonna talk abou 91 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:02,160 Speaker 1: the Golden Age of terrorism, and that's mostly gonna be 92 00:05:03,080 --> 00:05:05,920 Speaker 1: part one. We're mostly going to talk about sky jackings 93 00:05:05,960 --> 00:05:08,599 Speaker 1: and the Japanese Red Army, which is a fun group. 94 00:05:08,880 --> 00:05:11,279 Speaker 1: And then part two was going to be all Carlos 95 00:05:11,320 --> 00:05:14,800 Speaker 1: the Jackal, who used to be the most wanted terrorists 96 00:05:14,839 --> 00:05:17,480 Speaker 1: in the world and is a neat guy, I mean, 97 00:05:17,520 --> 00:05:22,640 Speaker 1: a monster. Maybe he was definitely the one in the 98 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:25,360 Speaker 1: Day of the Jackal. Well that's actually where his name 99 00:05:25,400 --> 00:05:27,479 Speaker 1: came from, but when they made the movie about it, it 100 00:05:27,400 --> 00:05:30,440 Speaker 1: it was pretty inspired. But anyway, Yeah, Carlos the Jackal, 101 00:05:30,600 --> 00:05:33,360 Speaker 1: um who as you can tell by his incredible nickname, 102 00:05:33,839 --> 00:05:37,039 Speaker 1: um one of the coolest terrorists. A lot about it 103 00:05:40,920 --> 00:05:44,240 Speaker 1: probably and sucks out the morrow somewhere he was he was, 104 00:05:44,360 --> 00:05:46,520 Speaker 1: he was one of the guys who was like there 105 00:05:46,560 --> 00:05:48,640 Speaker 1: for all of Black September. So he may have had 106 00:05:48,680 --> 00:05:50,760 Speaker 1: to eat a couple of bones out in the deserts 107 00:05:50,760 --> 00:05:53,600 Speaker 1: of Jordan's. This is lots of things I'll be new 108 00:05:53,640 --> 00:05:57,480 Speaker 1: to me. Yeah. So, but before we get into anything else, 109 00:05:57,720 --> 00:05:59,840 Speaker 1: I want to start by talking about the phenomenon that 110 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:04,160 Speaker 1: most defined the golden age of terrorism, which is skyjacking. 111 00:06:04,480 --> 00:06:07,000 Speaker 1: And no, that does not refer to masturbating on an aircraft, 112 00:06:07,040 --> 00:06:09,480 Speaker 1: because masturbating on an aircraft isn't a crime, and in 113 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:12,119 Speaker 1: some cases it's actually mandatory. I don't know they're aware 114 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:14,800 Speaker 1: of that, Um, I've seen a very specific movie from 115 00:06:14,839 --> 00:06:19,120 Speaker 1: the seventies that implies that. Right. Oh yep, yeah, I 116 00:06:19,120 --> 00:06:25,040 Speaker 1: don't opening INVESTI Beethoven. There's a lot of mandatory sex 117 00:06:25,040 --> 00:06:28,320 Speaker 1: on airplanes. Well, I'm very supportive of skyjacking. That kind 118 00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:31,520 Speaker 1: of skyjacking and the other kind of skyjacking. Actually both 119 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:36,520 Speaker 1: kinds of skyjacking. So the kind of skyjacking that we're 120 00:06:36,560 --> 00:06:39,599 Speaker 1: talking about today involves the hijacking of planes, which was 121 00:06:39,600 --> 00:06:41,279 Speaker 1: a thing that used to happen back in the day 122 00:06:41,320 --> 00:06:44,760 Speaker 1: before al Qaeda kind of ruined it forever. Um, nobody 123 00:06:44,760 --> 00:06:47,040 Speaker 1: gets to enjoy an air It used to be fun. 124 00:06:47,120 --> 00:06:50,520 Speaker 1: Hijacking airplanes used to be a joyful affair. Um, and 125 00:06:50,560 --> 00:06:56,160 Speaker 1: they ruined. That's really the crime. Okay, I probably shouldn't. 126 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:00,839 Speaker 1: So the first recorded skyjacking occurred on February eighteen thirty 127 00:07:00,880 --> 00:07:03,159 Speaker 1: one and are to keep up Peru when a group 128 00:07:03,240 --> 00:07:08,680 Speaker 1: of passenger plans they were really like one of the 129 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:11,000 Speaker 1: crazy things when you study aviations, like how fucking quick. 130 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:12,280 Speaker 1: It was like, well, now we're just flying these things 131 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:16,080 Speaker 1: all over the damn place. Yeah, it was paying hijacking 132 00:07:16,120 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 1: and now we're sky skyjacking, skyjacking, very hijacking. So the 133 00:07:20,120 --> 00:07:23,480 Speaker 1: first one, yeah, a keeper our equippa whatever. Peru, when 134 00:07:23,480 --> 00:07:26,800 Speaker 1: a group of rebel soldiers accosted two American pilots and 135 00:07:26,840 --> 00:07:29,440 Speaker 1: tried to force them at gunpoint to drop profit propaganda 136 00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:34,000 Speaker 1: leaflets over Lima. Um. So the pilot said no, and 137 00:07:34,040 --> 00:07:37,320 Speaker 1: so the rebels occupied their plane and kind of sat 138 00:07:37,360 --> 00:07:40,800 Speaker 1: around for two weeks. Basically, Um, no one was good 139 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:43,720 Speaker 1: at it yet flying no they were just kind of 140 00:07:43,880 --> 00:07:47,120 Speaker 1: sitting there on the tarmac being like fly drop. These 141 00:07:47,120 --> 00:07:50,720 Speaker 1: pamphlets flu around and the pilots were like no. And 142 00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:53,680 Speaker 1: then we were like okay, yes, yeah, they weren't dicks 143 00:07:53,760 --> 00:07:55,520 Speaker 1: like they were going to murder them, but they really 144 00:07:56,360 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 1: like less of a skyjacking and more of a sit in. Yeah, 145 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: it was an attempted skyjacking. Um, no one was good 146 00:08:03,200 --> 00:08:06,080 Speaker 1: at it yet, but yeah, that was the first attempt 147 00:08:06,120 --> 00:08:08,280 Speaker 1: at a skyjacking anywhere in the world that that is 148 00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:10,080 Speaker 1: on record as far as I can, as far as 149 00:08:10,080 --> 00:08:12,560 Speaker 1: I can find um. And yeah, they didn't get what 150 00:08:12,560 --> 00:08:15,040 Speaker 1: they wanted in the end. The pilots were just kind 151 00:08:15,040 --> 00:08:17,480 Speaker 1: of like no, and like, no one else knows how 152 00:08:17,520 --> 00:08:19,680 Speaker 1: to fly planes because it's nineteen thirty one, so you 153 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:24,440 Speaker 1: really have no other options right now. I'm just also 154 00:08:24,520 --> 00:08:26,800 Speaker 1: in that two weeks, they weren't like how else can 155 00:08:26,880 --> 00:08:30,840 Speaker 1: we distribute pamphlets? You know how it is when you 156 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: kind of like get your heart set on something, Yeah, 157 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:35,840 Speaker 1: and you're already there with a gun pointed at the 158 00:08:35,880 --> 00:08:40,120 Speaker 1: pilot and you're Timac and bro there's like military surrounding 159 00:08:40,160 --> 00:08:46,240 Speaker 1: you at the airport or something, it's never mind. Yeah, 160 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:50,400 Speaker 1: I I don't know how much attention it drew, but um, yeah, 161 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:55,160 Speaker 1: that's the first one. Now, the first US no SA, 162 00:08:55,280 --> 00:08:59,480 Speaker 1: someone would have to know about it. And it's the thirties. Yeah. Um. 163 00:08:59,520 --> 00:09:03,680 Speaker 1: The first U S skyjacker was a failed carney named 164 00:09:03,760 --> 00:09:09,560 Speaker 1: Ernest Pledge um and in nineteen thirty nine he he 165 00:09:09,640 --> 00:09:11,600 Speaker 1: shot his flight instructor in the back of the head 166 00:09:11,679 --> 00:09:14,200 Speaker 1: during a during a training flight while in mid air 167 00:09:14,320 --> 00:09:17,480 Speaker 1: and very nearly crashed because he shot his instructor in 168 00:09:17,480 --> 00:09:23,520 Speaker 1: the head it was flying at Also what a career trajectory. Yes, 169 00:09:23,679 --> 00:09:26,840 Speaker 1: failed Carny to sky jack to first American sky jack. 170 00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:29,760 Speaker 1: I'm no good at operating this ferris wheel. Perhaps I'll 171 00:09:29,800 --> 00:09:36,280 Speaker 1: try stealing at airplane. I mean, you know, we all 172 00:09:37,559 --> 00:09:39,719 Speaker 1: that's life. I'm just saying, there's one lever on the 173 00:09:39,760 --> 00:09:42,680 Speaker 1: ferris wheel. It's a little bit more complicated with the airplane. 174 00:09:43,600 --> 00:09:46,960 Speaker 1: So the Yeah, so Ernest, yeah, shoots his flight instructor, 175 00:09:47,120 --> 00:09:50,240 Speaker 1: manages to like I think, throw his corpse out of 176 00:09:50,320 --> 00:09:54,320 Speaker 1: the plane and like take control. Um, and then he 177 00:09:54,400 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: kind of goes on the run with this stolen plane. Um. 178 00:09:57,559 --> 00:10:00,720 Speaker 1: But almost immediately before he can really get into being 179 00:10:00,760 --> 00:10:05,520 Speaker 1: on the run, he stops for Hamburgers. I'm sorry, but 180 00:10:06,040 --> 00:10:09,120 Speaker 1: he stops for hamburgers. Like he lands the plane, lands 181 00:10:09,200 --> 00:10:12,560 Speaker 1: the plane. No, he lands the plane outside of a town, 182 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:15,880 Speaker 1: and then he walks into town to get hamburgers. Well, 183 00:10:15,920 --> 00:10:17,200 Speaker 1: if you're going to go on the run, you need 184 00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:20,520 Speaker 1: to be fortified. He should have packed a lunch. Yeah, 185 00:10:20,760 --> 00:10:23,760 Speaker 1: So he gets caught by police immediately because he's covered 186 00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:26,719 Speaker 1: in blood, and the people at the Hamburger restaurant are like, 187 00:10:27,080 --> 00:10:29,760 Speaker 1: this guy seems like he might have done something. I'm sorry, 188 00:10:29,760 --> 00:10:33,600 Speaker 1: where was this? Um, let's see the I forget exactly 189 00:10:33,640 --> 00:10:35,920 Speaker 1: where Pletch was when he put some like some in 190 00:10:35,920 --> 00:10:39,040 Speaker 1: the middle of America, Right, So yeah, you know, sheriff 191 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:41,640 Speaker 1: was like, hey, there's a plane and that guy is 192 00:10:41,679 --> 00:10:48,840 Speaker 1: covered in blood. Caper solved. That's good police work. Yeah. 193 00:10:48,880 --> 00:10:51,920 Speaker 1: So the Pletch case essentially invented a lot of early 194 00:10:52,000 --> 00:10:54,880 Speaker 1: legal codes for air piracy, which is what it's called 195 00:10:54,920 --> 00:10:56,880 Speaker 1: when you commit crimes like this in the air, and 196 00:10:56,920 --> 00:11:00,120 Speaker 1: it's the coolest crime you can get charged with. Right, Like, 197 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:02,920 Speaker 1: if I had to go commit federal crimes that we're 198 00:11:02,960 --> 00:11:04,480 Speaker 1: going to put me in prison, I would want it 199 00:11:04,520 --> 00:11:07,120 Speaker 1: to be air piracy because then people like, what are 200 00:11:07,120 --> 00:11:08,920 Speaker 1: you in here for well, I was an air pirate 201 00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:12,640 Speaker 1: and you wear a little leather hat and monocle. Yeah, 202 00:11:12,840 --> 00:11:15,560 Speaker 1: I have a scar one Oh yeah, yeah, you gotta 203 00:11:15,600 --> 00:11:17,600 Speaker 1: get a scar on one cheek. That's something you request 204 00:11:17,640 --> 00:11:21,480 Speaker 1: from law enforcement during the standoff. Now, I'll let these 205 00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:23,840 Speaker 1: people live, but you need to wound me so in 206 00:11:23,920 --> 00:11:26,440 Speaker 1: such a way that I have exactly one Rakish scar 207 00:11:26,559 --> 00:11:29,800 Speaker 1: on my right cheek. That way, twenty years from now, 208 00:11:29,800 --> 00:11:32,480 Speaker 1: when Nicolas Cage comes to get me released on prison 209 00:11:32,480 --> 00:11:34,440 Speaker 1: in a special deal with the federal government because I 210 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:37,720 Speaker 1: need to hijack a plane in order to get an alcatrat. Whatever. Wait, 211 00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:40,640 Speaker 1: that's just my pitch for about Nicolas with Nicholas Cage. 212 00:11:40,880 --> 00:11:42,600 Speaker 1: Isn't that the rocks like the rock but in the 213 00:11:42,600 --> 00:11:46,440 Speaker 1: air the time? Oh yeah, it's all it's a sky prison. 214 00:11:46,480 --> 00:11:48,840 Speaker 1: All the ground prisons are full, so they have sky prisons. 215 00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:54,480 Speaker 1: So it's like escape from anyway. Yeah. So uh yeah. 216 00:11:55,160 --> 00:11:58,560 Speaker 1: So the Pledge case invents a lot of the early 217 00:11:58,640 --> 00:12:02,520 Speaker 1: legal code for sky crime air piracy um. But by 218 00:12:02,559 --> 00:12:04,920 Speaker 1: the time the federal government started to oversee aviation in 219 00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:07,920 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty eight, hijacking a plane that still was not 220 00:12:08,040 --> 00:12:12,200 Speaker 1: technically a crime nobody really thought they'd need to put 221 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:14,640 Speaker 1: that in the lackers. So as long as you're not 222 00:12:14,880 --> 00:12:18,400 Speaker 1: on the ground or the water, it's fine. Yeah, it 223 00:12:18,480 --> 00:12:20,199 Speaker 1: was fine. There were no laws in the sky in 224 00:12:20,280 --> 00:12:25,440 Speaker 1: nineteen beautiful time. It must have been perfect. So airports 225 00:12:25,440 --> 00:12:27,800 Speaker 1: had no security measures in place. There was just nobody 226 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:30,440 Speaker 1: did anything about airplanes. Everyone was like, well, why would 227 00:12:30,440 --> 00:12:33,760 Speaker 1: we why would we even think for a second about 228 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: airports security. It was it was, it was like an 229 00:12:36,920 --> 00:12:41,760 Speaker 1: aggressive disregard for wanting to take like any precautions. You're saying, 230 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:47,080 Speaker 1: it's like when we drive past the National Guard car lot, Yeah, 231 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:50,559 Speaker 1: drive tanks and they just leave all the tanks sitting 232 00:12:50,600 --> 00:12:52,800 Speaker 1: there and they're just push button ignitions, which, yeah, we 233 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:55,400 Speaker 1: shouldn't talk too much about that, but it's a thing 234 00:12:55,440 --> 00:12:59,559 Speaker 1: you should know. And Tullio Ortiz is the first guy 235 00:12:59,679 --> 00:13:02,319 Speaker 1: uh to hijack a plane successful, And he gets on 236 00:13:02,360 --> 00:13:04,199 Speaker 1: a flight bound for Key West and he locks himself 237 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:06,600 Speaker 1: in the bathroom. Then he slips a note underneath the 238 00:13:06,640 --> 00:13:08,760 Speaker 1: door and he warns everyone he's got a bomb and 239 00:13:08,800 --> 00:13:11,600 Speaker 1: he says he'll detonate it if the flight isn't rerouted 240 00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:14,760 Speaker 1: to Havana. Now, Ortiz timed his attempt, well, because the 241 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:17,000 Speaker 1: Bay of Pigs had happened just a couple of weeks earlier, 242 00:13:17,240 --> 00:13:20,360 Speaker 1: tensions were high between the United States and Cuba, and 243 00:13:20,480 --> 00:13:23,280 Speaker 1: Castro basically was like, oh, ship, Like this is a 244 00:13:23,280 --> 00:13:27,040 Speaker 1: great opportunity to say funk you to the United States, um, 245 00:13:27,200 --> 00:13:30,280 Speaker 1: and not actually risk anything. So he offers Ortiz political 246 00:13:30,280 --> 00:13:34,360 Speaker 1: Sanctuary's super romantic though, because he's locked in the bathroom, 247 00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:37,320 Speaker 1: he is threatening the plane. He's locked in the back 248 00:13:38,360 --> 00:13:41,920 Speaker 1: with the bomb. Right. Yeah, you wonder like a number 249 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:44,880 Speaker 1: of things about this, um okay, And my only other 250 00:13:44,960 --> 00:13:47,480 Speaker 1: question is it he just want to lift to Cuba 251 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:50,000 Speaker 1: or was he taking the plane there for some reason 252 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:52,920 Speaker 1: or because he just wanted to lift to Cuba. He 253 00:13:53,000 --> 00:13:55,040 Speaker 1: just wanted to go to Cuba the way way he 254 00:13:55,080 --> 00:13:58,280 Speaker 1: could kind of worked at that point. Really yeah, I 255 00:13:58,280 --> 00:14:00,880 Speaker 1: mean the Bay of Pigs had just happened. But you 256 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:03,640 Speaker 1: go to another country and like just round a little bit. 257 00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:05,319 Speaker 1: I don't know if it was that easy in that time. 258 00:14:05,520 --> 00:14:09,120 Speaker 1: You could lock yourself in the bathroom and slip whatever 259 00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:11,800 Speaker 1: the reasoning or Teaz decides this is the way he's 260 00:14:11,840 --> 00:14:14,680 Speaker 1: going to Cuba. Um, and he doesn't like it there. 261 00:14:14,679 --> 00:14:18,040 Speaker 1: He actually tries to leave and then gets put in 262 00:14:18,080 --> 00:14:20,360 Speaker 1: prison in Cuba. It takes him like fifteen years to 263 00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:23,880 Speaker 1: get back to the United States. Um, So he regrets 264 00:14:23,920 --> 00:14:26,760 Speaker 1: his decision very soon quickly. Sometimes you make your bed 265 00:14:26,800 --> 00:14:28,200 Speaker 1: and then you lie in it. Yeah, and then you 266 00:14:28,240 --> 00:14:30,520 Speaker 1: gotta live in Cuba, which I don't know right now, 267 00:14:30,560 --> 00:14:32,680 Speaker 1: maybe not the worst bed in the world. So yeah, 268 00:14:32,800 --> 00:14:34,600 Speaker 1: so or tease. It doesn't work out well for him. 269 00:14:34,640 --> 00:14:36,680 Speaker 1: He's not super happy with the decision that he made 270 00:14:36,720 --> 00:14:39,000 Speaker 1: to hijack a plane and get to Cuba. UM. But 271 00:14:39,160 --> 00:14:41,160 Speaker 1: a lot of people suddenly realize once he's done it, 272 00:14:41,240 --> 00:14:45,560 Speaker 1: like it's that easy, Like, well, all you gotta do, 273 00:14:45,760 --> 00:14:49,480 Speaker 1: I want to go to Cuba. So three more US 274 00:14:49,560 --> 00:14:51,880 Speaker 1: planes were hijacked and taken to Cuba over the course 275 00:14:51,880 --> 00:14:56,000 Speaker 1: of nineteen sixty one. UM And afterwards it becomes it 276 00:14:56,040 --> 00:14:59,240 Speaker 1: becomes a meme. UM. In the next like eight years, 277 00:14:59,400 --> 00:15:03,280 Speaker 1: a hundred and seventies seven skyjackings were committed worldwide, and 278 00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:06,000 Speaker 1: more than seventy percent of them involved an attempt to 279 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:09,480 Speaker 1: divert a plane to Cuba. So Cuba is the place 280 00:15:09,560 --> 00:15:12,400 Speaker 1: to the place to go if you are jacking a plane, 281 00:15:12,720 --> 00:15:17,160 Speaker 1: if you're an airline or government maybe just let people 282 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:20,600 Speaker 1: fly to Cuba, right, Yeah, that might have been an option. 283 00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:24,480 Speaker 1: Um you know, there's a number of reasons. It's free essentially, 284 00:15:24,520 --> 00:15:26,280 Speaker 1: like you can get a real cheap ticket and then 285 00:15:26,280 --> 00:15:28,120 Speaker 1: just demand it go to Cuba because you've got a gun. 286 00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:31,000 Speaker 1: But also, it was the seventies. It was real cheap 287 00:15:31,120 --> 00:15:34,360 Speaker 1: to fly do everything. It was the Golden Age, and 288 00:15:34,400 --> 00:15:36,920 Speaker 1: you could smoke on airplane. You could smoke. Everybody's smoking 289 00:15:36,960 --> 00:15:39,280 Speaker 1: the like a hundred percent of the people involved in 290 00:15:39,320 --> 00:15:42,360 Speaker 1: all of these hijackings are smoking the entire time. That 291 00:15:42,520 --> 00:15:45,920 Speaker 1: is something we have to keep in mind. Um. So, yeah, 292 00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:49,280 Speaker 1: Cuba comes like the motherfucking place to go if you're 293 00:15:49,360 --> 00:15:51,800 Speaker 1: hijacking a plane, and the reason to hijack a plane. 294 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:56,960 Speaker 1: So how Cuba's got like a pretty decent airport set up, right, Like, 295 00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:59,920 Speaker 1: because otherwise I could see this being a problem. I've 296 00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:01,880 Speaker 1: ever heard that it was a problem. I think they 297 00:16:02,240 --> 00:16:04,920 Speaker 1: I don't know much about the Cuban Cuban airport. Just 298 00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:09,040 Speaker 1: imagine air traffic controller in Cuba and like the nightmare 299 00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:11,560 Speaker 1: of like, oh god, we got another one. Not a 300 00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:13,400 Speaker 1: lot of other traffic into Cuba. I don't think in 301 00:16:13,400 --> 00:16:16,440 Speaker 1: this period of time. So I just have one more question, though, 302 00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:18,640 Speaker 1: what did Cuba do with the planes afterwards? They just 303 00:16:18,680 --> 00:16:23,040 Speaker 1: give them that getting to that. So, the reasons why 304 00:16:23,160 --> 00:16:26,280 Speaker 1: people would hijack sky jack planes and take them to 305 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:29,640 Speaker 1: Cuba were very varied. Everybody had like a different purpose 306 00:16:29,680 --> 00:16:32,440 Speaker 1: behind it. Um, But the del Castro kind of helped 307 00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:36,000 Speaker 1: Um make his country a more desirable destination by letting 308 00:16:36,040 --> 00:16:38,280 Speaker 1: everyone in the world know that Cuba just kind of 309 00:16:38,280 --> 00:16:40,880 Speaker 1: would take in anybody who stole a plane. Like, if 310 00:16:40,880 --> 00:16:43,120 Speaker 1: I'm steal a plane, you can land in Cuba and 311 00:16:43,160 --> 00:16:47,760 Speaker 1: live here. Was like essentially what he told everybody Um. 312 00:16:47,800 --> 00:16:49,040 Speaker 1: And there were a lot of ways in which he 313 00:16:49,080 --> 00:16:51,960 Speaker 1: benefited from the situation. For one thing, it was good propaganda. 314 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:54,680 Speaker 1: All these people leaving the decade and West like traveled 315 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:58,520 Speaker 1: to this socialist paradise of Cuba. Um. But more than anything, 316 00:16:58,680 --> 00:17:02,000 Speaker 1: it meant hard currency for Castro. See airlines had to 317 00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:04,679 Speaker 1: pay to get their planes returned, and eventually Cuba settled 318 00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:07,600 Speaker 1: on a standard fee of seventy five hundred dollars per plane, 319 00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:10,240 Speaker 1: So every time a plane got skijacked, they got a 320 00:17:10,240 --> 00:17:14,240 Speaker 1: pile of cash to return it. Um. Yeah, So that's 321 00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:18,399 Speaker 1: that's their little industry develops. I mean of this, you 322 00:17:18,400 --> 00:17:20,840 Speaker 1: build your own commercial airline one plane at a time. 323 00:17:20,920 --> 00:17:22,800 Speaker 1: But I guess that works. And just to crunch the 324 00:17:22,880 --> 00:17:26,520 Speaker 1: numbers here for you said, so there was about a 325 00:17:26,560 --> 00:17:28,359 Speaker 1: hundred and twenty or so, well know about like a 326 00:17:28,440 --> 00:17:34,520 Speaker 1: hundred and thirty years something like that trips to Cuba. Yeah, okay, 327 00:17:34,600 --> 00:17:39,159 Speaker 1: so that's not bad money. Up. I do it for 328 00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:45,680 Speaker 1: a living. So uh yeah, Now a number of people. Um, 329 00:17:45,840 --> 00:17:48,000 Speaker 1: there were a lot of reasons people ski jack planes 330 00:17:48,040 --> 00:17:49,800 Speaker 1: for Cuba, including like some folks were just kind of 331 00:17:49,840 --> 00:17:52,720 Speaker 1: mentally ill and decided to do it. Um. Other folks 332 00:17:52,840 --> 00:17:56,119 Speaker 1: chose Castro's capital because they were true believers in communism. 333 00:17:56,320 --> 00:17:58,800 Speaker 1: They convinced themselves that they would be greeted as revolutionary 334 00:17:58,880 --> 00:18:01,840 Speaker 1: heroes if they success. We got a ransom from, you know, 335 00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:05,200 Speaker 1: some government and took it to Cuba. One skyjacker recalled thinking, 336 00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,119 Speaker 1: at the start of his endeavor, in a few hours, 337 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:09,080 Speaker 1: it would be that dawn in a new world. I 338 00:18:09,119 --> 00:18:12,440 Speaker 1: was about to enter paradise. Cuba was creating a true democracy, 339 00:18:12,480 --> 00:18:14,840 Speaker 1: a place where everyone was equal, where violence against blacks 340 00:18:14,840 --> 00:18:17,240 Speaker 1: and justice and racism, where things of the past. I 341 00:18:17,240 --> 00:18:19,600 Speaker 1: had come to Cuba to feel freedom at least once. 342 00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:22,000 Speaker 1: There are a number of non white people whose skyjack 343 00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:24,440 Speaker 1: planes to Cuba because they're just kind of like, fuck 344 00:18:24,560 --> 00:18:27,920 Speaker 1: this bullshit and the United States in the seventies, I'm 345 00:18:27,960 --> 00:18:31,760 Speaker 1: going to Cuba in the Black liberation struggle. There's a 346 00:18:31,800 --> 00:18:34,119 Speaker 1: lot of people who get broken out of jail and 347 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:37,480 Speaker 1: get to Cuba somewhere another, so better place than jail, 348 00:18:38,080 --> 00:18:42,879 Speaker 1: that's what people say. Um, yeah, So the reality of 349 00:18:42,920 --> 00:18:45,760 Speaker 1: the situation, UM, I don't know. It differed for everybody, 350 00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:48,000 Speaker 1: but it was less rosy than a lot of skyjackers 351 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:51,440 Speaker 1: had anticipated. Um. For one thing, just as a general rule, 352 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:55,240 Speaker 1: governments that put a lot of value on law and 353 00:18:55,359 --> 00:18:58,480 Speaker 1: order don't like people who hijack planes, even if those 354 00:18:58,520 --> 00:19:01,800 Speaker 1: people believe the same fixed they do. So like, thanks 355 00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:05,520 Speaker 1: for the plane, we get dollars out of it, but 356 00:19:07,800 --> 00:19:12,679 Speaker 1: I forgot it was still like at some point two 357 00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:16,119 Speaker 1: hundred thousand dollars or something. But now that you brought 358 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:18,640 Speaker 1: us this plane, you're also the kind of person who 359 00:19:18,680 --> 00:19:21,080 Speaker 1: steals planes by pointing guns and moms out of them. 360 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:24,160 Speaker 1: So we don't really trust you, is what we're saying. 361 00:19:25,440 --> 00:19:28,040 Speaker 1: Kind of person who's not one of our highly trained 362 00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:31,840 Speaker 1: doctors in our very good medical system. Yeah, um so. 363 00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:34,639 Speaker 1: According to Wired quote, Castro had a little bit disdained 364 00:19:34,680 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: for the hijackers themselves, whom he considered undesirable malcontents. After 365 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:41,240 Speaker 1: lying landing at Jose Martie, which I guess is the airport, 366 00:19:41,359 --> 00:19:44,119 Speaker 1: hijackers were whisked away to an imposing Spanish citadel that 367 00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:47,280 Speaker 1: served as the headquarters of G two Cuba secret police. 368 00:19:47,560 --> 00:19:49,959 Speaker 1: There they were interrogated for weeks on end, accused of 369 00:19:49,960 --> 00:19:52,520 Speaker 1: working for the CIA, despite all evidence to the contrary. 370 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:54,520 Speaker 1: The lucky ones were then sent to live at Cassa 371 00:19:54,560 --> 00:19:59,000 Speaker 1: de Troncitos, the hijackers house decrupt dormitory in southern Havana, 372 00:19:59,040 --> 00:20:02,199 Speaker 1: where each American was allocated sixteen square feet of living space. 373 00:20:02,440 --> 00:20:05,600 Speaker 1: The two story building eventually held as many as sixty hijackers, 374 00:20:05,840 --> 00:20:08,359 Speaker 1: who were forced to subsist on monthly stipends of forty 375 00:20:08,400 --> 00:20:11,560 Speaker 1: pesos each skyjackers who rubbed their G two interrogators the 376 00:20:11,600 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: wrong way. Meanwhile, we're dispatched to squalid sugar harvesting camps 377 00:20:14,800 --> 00:20:18,320 Speaker 1: where conditions were rarely better than nightmarish. At these tropical goologs, 378 00:20:18,320 --> 00:20:22,040 Speaker 1: inmates were punished with machette blows. Political agitators were publicly executed, 379 00:20:22,200 --> 00:20:25,040 Speaker 1: and captured escapees were dragged across razor sharp stocks of 380 00:20:25,080 --> 00:20:28,160 Speaker 1: sugarcane until their flesh was stripped away. One American hijacker 381 00:20:28,280 --> 00:20:30,440 Speaker 1: was beaten so badly by prison guards that he lost 382 00:20:30,440 --> 00:20:34,520 Speaker 1: an eye. Another hanged himself in his cell. So it's like, wow, 383 00:20:34,880 --> 00:20:38,520 Speaker 1: kind of a mixed bag. Yeah, he stole a whole 384 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:41,320 Speaker 1: plane just for that, because sixteen feet of living space, 385 00:20:41,400 --> 00:20:44,520 Speaker 1: that's that's two feet by eight feet. That's like a 386 00:20:44,520 --> 00:20:49,359 Speaker 1: cop back to talking about career trajectories of hijackers. You 387 00:20:49,440 --> 00:20:51,560 Speaker 1: really got to have an end goal in mind. Better, 388 00:20:51,640 --> 00:20:54,320 Speaker 1: jacking itself is not cannot be the end goal. Better 389 00:20:54,400 --> 00:20:57,280 Speaker 1: to be the broker who's arranging the transfer of the 390 00:20:57,320 --> 00:21:03,360 Speaker 1: planes back to their that's the growth industry. Maybe it's 391 00:21:03,480 --> 00:21:07,040 Speaker 1: also funny that a communist country would take the people 392 00:21:07,040 --> 00:21:14,760 Speaker 1: who put in the hard labor and you know, expropriate that. Yeah, yeah, 393 00:21:14,880 --> 00:21:17,560 Speaker 1: you know, all governments are kind of the same when 394 00:21:17,600 --> 00:21:20,119 Speaker 1: you get on the other hand, depending on where you 395 00:21:20,119 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 1: lived before, at least you're warm now, Yeah, you're warm now. 396 00:21:24,960 --> 00:21:26,720 Speaker 1: It works out for some of them, right, Like, there's 397 00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:28,960 Speaker 1: got to be some people that like getting good with 398 00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:31,080 Speaker 1: the G two folks, and I don't know. I assume 399 00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:32,840 Speaker 1: it worked out for some people, but it's it's a 400 00:21:32,920 --> 00:21:36,119 Speaker 1: rough it's a rough situation for most of them. Now, 401 00:21:36,400 --> 00:21:38,480 Speaker 1: the stories that kind of came out about how not 402 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:41,240 Speaker 1: ideal it was to become a skyjacker and go to 403 00:21:41,280 --> 00:21:45,120 Speaker 1: Cuba didn't stop people from jacking. One of the jackers 404 00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:46,959 Speaker 1: was a thirty or four year old Cuban exile who 405 00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:49,040 Speaker 1: simply couldn't live any longer without the taste of his 406 00:21:49,040 --> 00:21:51,280 Speaker 1: mother's free holes. He'd apparently like left as a kid 407 00:21:51,720 --> 00:21:53,720 Speaker 1: like the yeah, and like one of his mom's soup, 408 00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:55,760 Speaker 1: which is I hope he got a lot more soup. 409 00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:59,440 Speaker 1: I don't know. A plane, so we had to steal 410 00:21:59,440 --> 00:22:02,359 Speaker 1: a plane. Really, that was That was a decision you 411 00:22:02,359 --> 00:22:06,119 Speaker 1: can make because there were essentially no risks, Like it 412 00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:09,920 Speaker 1: was not dangerous to hijack a planets. Also, I don't 413 00:22:09,920 --> 00:22:12,520 Speaker 1: know what their relationship was like, but after that he 414 00:22:12,640 --> 00:22:14,760 Speaker 1: and his mom got along pretty good, you would have 415 00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:18,280 Speaker 1: to hope, so right. Yeah. Another was a sociology student 416 00:22:18,320 --> 00:22:21,000 Speaker 1: who wanted to study communism. Uh. And of course there 417 00:22:21,040 --> 00:22:24,080 Speaker 1: were non Cuba related jackings. Twenty eight year old Trust 418 00:22:24,080 --> 00:22:26,960 Speaker 1: fund kid hijacked a Delta Airlines flight well dressed as 419 00:22:26,960 --> 00:22:30,600 Speaker 1: a cowboy. He received fifty thou dollars and parachuted out. 420 00:22:30,920 --> 00:22:34,199 Speaker 1: He horribly injured himself upon landing and was immediately caught. Yeah, 421 00:22:34,960 --> 00:22:37,520 Speaker 1: way to go trust fund kids. Yeah, I just got 422 00:22:37,520 --> 00:22:41,399 Speaker 1: into Cuba, buddy. So skyjackings represented a problem for the 423 00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:44,520 Speaker 1: airline industry, but not really a big one. Most ski 424 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:48,680 Speaker 1: jackings would cost the airline between twenty and thirty thousand dollars. Uh. 425 00:22:48,720 --> 00:22:52,359 Speaker 1: And since passengers were basically never harmed, like, there wasn't 426 00:22:52,359 --> 00:22:55,359 Speaker 1: really a lot of desire among like the people buying 427 00:22:55,400 --> 00:22:57,639 Speaker 1: flights for it to be stopped, like it wasn't it 428 00:22:57,760 --> 00:23:00,880 Speaker 1: wasn't a horrible issue from most because to doing business. Yeah, 429 00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:03,600 Speaker 1: got a detour to Cuba. Yeah, yeah, that was the thing. 430 00:23:03,640 --> 00:23:06,480 Speaker 1: Like a skyjacking meant like some excitement for everybody on 431 00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:08,199 Speaker 1: the plane. You might get a free night in Havana 432 00:23:08,320 --> 00:23:11,680 Speaker 1: or something, you know. I assume it wasn't great for everybody, 433 00:23:11,680 --> 00:23:13,800 Speaker 1: but it wasn't Like, it wasn't a big problem. And 434 00:23:13,840 --> 00:23:17,639 Speaker 1: again people basically never got hurt. Proposals were made to 435 00:23:17,680 --> 00:23:20,480 Speaker 1: add X rays to airports and begin scanning passengers but 436 00:23:20,560 --> 00:23:24,400 Speaker 1: this was shot down as an unreasonable violation UM. Basically, 437 00:23:24,400 --> 00:23:26,600 Speaker 1: like airlines were like, people will never submit to this. 438 00:23:26,960 --> 00:23:30,800 Speaker 1: Fortunately we never did, and nobody ever changed about that. 439 00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:33,160 Speaker 1: So kind of one by one, all of the airlines 440 00:23:33,440 --> 00:23:36,800 Speaker 1: like looked at this problem of hijackings every year, many 441 00:23:36,840 --> 00:23:39,040 Speaker 1: many of them, and we're like, I guess we'll just 442 00:23:39,119 --> 00:23:43,840 Speaker 1: kind of right it out. Fuck it. I mean, what's 443 00:23:43,880 --> 00:23:46,840 Speaker 1: the worst outcome you can imagine from people hijacking planes? 444 00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:51,080 Speaker 1: It's fine, No one's gonna like fly them into buildings. 445 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:53,960 Speaker 1: Uh So the federal government had a little bit more 446 00:23:54,080 --> 00:23:56,280 Speaker 1: on the line and was kind of less willing to 447 00:23:56,359 --> 00:23:59,280 Speaker 1: let this keep happening, being the federal government. All these 448 00:23:59,359 --> 00:24:02,840 Speaker 1: jackings were international embarrassment, and they also helped fund because 449 00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:05,640 Speaker 1: a lot of times people would like the jackers would ransom, 450 00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:08,399 Speaker 1: you know, the passengers and stuff, and this funded terrorist 451 00:24:08,480 --> 00:24:11,760 Speaker 1: organizations around the world, including particularly a lot of like 452 00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:15,720 Speaker 1: Palestinian liberation organizations and stuff. So that was a real 453 00:24:15,840 --> 00:24:19,080 Speaker 1: issue for the State Department UM and a real issue 454 00:24:19,080 --> 00:24:21,080 Speaker 1: for the US government. In a nineteen sixty eight a 455 00:24:21,119 --> 00:24:24,080 Speaker 1: Senate hearing was held on the matter. Irving rip who 456 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:27,320 Speaker 1: represented the f a A, told the assembled Congressman, it's 457 00:24:27,359 --> 00:24:30,480 Speaker 1: an impossible problem short of searching every passenger. If you've 458 00:24:30,480 --> 00:24:32,119 Speaker 1: got a man aboard that wants to go to Havana 459 00:24:32,320 --> 00:24:34,560 Speaker 1: and he has got a gun, that's all he needs, 460 00:24:34,720 --> 00:24:36,640 Speaker 1: and there's no way to figure out that he has 461 00:24:36,680 --> 00:24:40,320 Speaker 1: that gun. And certainly wouldn't search every single passenger before 462 00:24:40,359 --> 00:24:43,960 Speaker 1: they boarded a plane. That would be madness. Yeah, well, yeah, 463 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:48,359 Speaker 1: that's actually the what I'm about. Yes, quote from Wired. 464 00:24:48,560 --> 00:24:51,760 Speaker 1: Senator George Smathers of Florida countered Rips Gloom by raising 465 00:24:51,760 --> 00:24:54,480 Speaker 1: the possibility of using metal detectors or X ray machines 466 00:24:54,520 --> 00:24:57,720 Speaker 1: to screen all passengers. He noted that these relatively new 467 00:24:57,760 --> 00:25:00,840 Speaker 1: technologies were already in place at several maximum security prisons 468 00:25:00,840 --> 00:25:04,159 Speaker 1: and sensitive military facilities, where they were performing admirably. I 469 00:25:04,200 --> 00:25:06,560 Speaker 1: see no reason why similar devices couldn't be installed at 470 00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:09,480 Speaker 1: airport checking gates to determine whether passengers are carrying guns 471 00:25:09,760 --> 00:25:12,679 Speaker 1: or other weapons, just prior to implaning, Smithers said, But 472 00:25:12,800 --> 00:25:15,480 Speaker 1: Rip dismissed. The senator's suggestion is certain to have a 473 00:25:15,520 --> 00:25:18,520 Speaker 1: bad psychological effect on passengers. It would scare the pants 474 00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:21,680 Speaker 1: off people, plus people would complain about invasion of privacy. 475 00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:27,560 Speaker 1: No one made any further inquiries about electronics. If you 476 00:25:28,280 --> 00:25:31,280 Speaker 1: someone asks you if you have guns before you get on, 477 00:25:31,320 --> 00:25:34,200 Speaker 1: to take a single solitary action to make sure people 478 00:25:34,200 --> 00:25:37,359 Speaker 1: aren't carrying whatever gun they want onto a plane, like 479 00:25:37,560 --> 00:25:40,280 Speaker 1: people will not fly, It will ruin the industry. And 480 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:44,000 Speaker 1: I think history that I won't get on a plane 481 00:25:44,040 --> 00:25:47,080 Speaker 1: without my scorpion machine pistol. You know, occasionally I think 482 00:25:47,119 --> 00:25:50,600 Speaker 1: about how people believe in this idea of the forward 483 00:25:50,600 --> 00:25:54,679 Speaker 1: progress march of history. This is a solid education that 484 00:25:54,720 --> 00:25:58,720 Speaker 1: we have headed because they were right in the seventies 485 00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:04,719 Speaker 1: by god um so two about absolutely everything, especially cigarettes 486 00:26:06,280 --> 00:26:09,400 Speaker 1: and cocaine, which is not addictive here it's not addictive. 487 00:26:09,520 --> 00:26:11,440 Speaker 1: Mix as well with cigarettes in a way that again 488 00:26:11,760 --> 00:26:17,119 Speaker 1: absolutely not addictive. That's what everyone and smoking. You know, 489 00:26:17,160 --> 00:26:22,600 Speaker 1: it feels really good everything jacking a plane, Yeah, really, 490 00:26:22,640 --> 00:26:25,960 Speaker 1: gripping tightly the handle of a scorpion machine pistol as 491 00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:29,160 Speaker 1: you scream wildly the word havana over and over again 492 00:26:29,240 --> 00:26:36,400 Speaker 1: to the flight attendants. I assume, yeah, huge, yeah, and enormous. 493 00:26:36,400 --> 00:26:40,040 Speaker 1: A leather vest like you wouldn't believe such a leather 494 00:26:40,119 --> 00:26:42,760 Speaker 1: vest called medallion that I could use as a coaster. 495 00:26:43,000 --> 00:26:46,040 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, medallion's where you keep the extra bullets too. 496 00:26:46,240 --> 00:26:49,800 Speaker 1: It's like a pez thing. So two weeks after the 497 00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:53,560 Speaker 1: Senate inquiry, a forklift operator named or In Richard's hijacks 498 00:26:53,560 --> 00:26:57,520 Speaker 1: at Delta Airlines flight from a forklift upgrade from a forklift. 499 00:26:57,920 --> 00:27:00,440 Speaker 1: He springs his trap over West Virginia a gun on 500 00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:02,440 Speaker 1: the first man he meets in the aisle after leaving 501 00:27:02,440 --> 00:27:05,000 Speaker 1: a seat, and the first man he met in the 502 00:27:05,040 --> 00:27:07,440 Speaker 1: aisle after leaving a seat wounded up, wound up being 503 00:27:07,440 --> 00:27:11,679 Speaker 1: a sitting senator from Mississippi. Who at that. So the 504 00:27:11,680 --> 00:27:14,760 Speaker 1: whole situation got resolved peacefully in Miami, but it spooked 505 00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:18,520 Speaker 1: the federal government, who suddenly realized that elected officials could 506 00:27:18,640 --> 00:27:21,960 Speaker 1: very easily be skyjacked over like political issues. And like 507 00:27:22,440 --> 00:27:25,000 Speaker 1: we she probably had this motherfucker off at the past, right, 508 00:27:26,200 --> 00:27:30,160 Speaker 1: this might not end well for us, I suppose. Yeah, 509 00:27:30,160 --> 00:27:33,719 Speaker 1: So the State Department, like again, no one knew what 510 00:27:33,800 --> 00:27:36,840 Speaker 1: to do because you couldn't search people. Look, it's the air, 511 00:27:37,000 --> 00:27:41,399 Speaker 1: there's no laws. The State Department actually seriously proposed offering 512 00:27:41,440 --> 00:27:44,480 Speaker 1: all Americans free one way trips to Cuba in order 513 00:27:44,560 --> 00:27:47,360 Speaker 1: to stop it. Like again, if we just say any 514 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:51,399 Speaker 1: American can go to Cuba for free once forward is 515 00:27:51,440 --> 00:27:53,720 Speaker 1: a lie because there was a point where we all 516 00:27:53,760 --> 00:27:57,000 Speaker 1: could have just taken a free trial Cuba. Castro actually 517 00:27:57,040 --> 00:27:59,920 Speaker 1: said no to that, with the US just offloading all, 518 00:28:00,200 --> 00:28:02,760 Speaker 1: you know, sucking shitty people. I've never had any reason 519 00:28:02,800 --> 00:28:06,200 Speaker 1: to critique anything Photol Castra has done, but right now, 520 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:10,720 Speaker 1: this is this is the first thing that I'm aware of. 521 00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:13,800 Speaker 1: I mean, okay, stripping people's flesh off the sugar cane, 522 00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:16,119 Speaker 1: and that was not that, it was a little bit 523 00:28:16,119 --> 00:28:18,440 Speaker 1: of that. I mean, if you're gonna strip people's flesh, 524 00:28:18,440 --> 00:28:20,280 Speaker 1: and if you've got to strip off people's flesh, you 525 00:28:20,359 --> 00:28:23,920 Speaker 1: might as well use sugar exactly. I've always said that. Yeah, yeah, 526 00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:26,200 Speaker 1: it's like it's basically the same thing that like those 527 00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:28,600 Speaker 1: fancy salons do when they make they use the sugar 528 00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:31,640 Speaker 1: to make the thing for depilating here. But but it's 529 00:28:31,640 --> 00:28:34,240 Speaker 1: your muscular chair off of your skeleton. Okay, well we 530 00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:38,360 Speaker 1: don't need to be like, you know, nobody's perfect. Is 531 00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:40,800 Speaker 1: kind of the point here, and that's really what we're 532 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:44,680 Speaker 1: talking about um today. So yeah, Castra is like, no, 533 00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:46,880 Speaker 1: I'm not going to just take all of the Americans 534 00:28:46,880 --> 00:28:49,120 Speaker 1: who want to go to cute think they might like Cuba. 535 00:28:49,640 --> 00:28:53,320 Speaker 1: Um that there's an alternate timeline where Cuba becomes the 536 00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:56,880 Speaker 1: absolutely like Cuba becomes Silicon Valley because they went with 537 00:28:56,920 --> 00:28:59,360 Speaker 1: that plan. Could it could have could have been pretty sweet, 538 00:28:59,400 --> 00:29:03,840 Speaker 1: actually right? Um? Yeah, So he refuses to accept them, 539 00:29:04,000 --> 00:29:07,240 Speaker 1: so the f a A forms an special Anti Jacking 540 00:29:07,320 --> 00:29:11,160 Speaker 1: task Force instead. Um, and they're I don't understand. They 541 00:29:11,160 --> 00:29:16,280 Speaker 1: are deeply, deeply confused about what their job is from. 542 00:29:16,320 --> 00:29:20,600 Speaker 1: So uh, for reasons I will never understand, they solicit 543 00:29:20,840 --> 00:29:23,880 Speaker 1: American citizens for suggestions on how to solve the problem, 544 00:29:24,120 --> 00:29:27,240 Speaker 1: and they're immediately buried in just awful awful suggestions like 545 00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:30,880 Speaker 1: thousands of letters that are all stupid as shit, including 546 00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:36,720 Speaker 1: installing trapdoors outside cockpits, army stewardess is with tranquilizer darts, 547 00:29:36,880 --> 00:29:40,400 Speaker 1: making passengers wear boxing gloves so should they couldn't grip guns, 548 00:29:41,240 --> 00:29:44,360 Speaker 1: and playing the Cuban national anthem before takeoff, and arresting 549 00:29:44,360 --> 00:29:47,680 Speaker 1: anyone who knew the lyrics. I mean, I have no 550 00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:53,720 Speaker 1: problem with that last one. That's think boxing gloves would 551 00:29:53,720 --> 00:29:57,840 Speaker 1: be fantastic. That would be very funny. I'm also just 552 00:29:57,920 --> 00:30:02,200 Speaker 1: now imagining the movie Airplane, but everyone is wearing boxing 553 00:30:02,240 --> 00:30:04,800 Speaker 1: gloves the entire time and what a bit that would 554 00:30:04,800 --> 00:30:09,960 Speaker 1: be quite funny. Well, they would have to rework some scenes, 555 00:30:10,040 --> 00:30:13,720 Speaker 1: but they wouldn't fly to Cuba. That woman would still 556 00:30:13,760 --> 00:30:17,160 Speaker 1: be hysterical in the lineup waiting for it. So not 557 00:30:17,200 --> 00:30:19,720 Speaker 1: all of the suggestions were immediately rejected by the government. 558 00:30:19,760 --> 00:30:22,560 Speaker 1: The most popular one among the f A was the 559 00:30:22,600 --> 00:30:25,920 Speaker 1: idea that they could just build a scale mock replica 560 00:30:26,120 --> 00:30:28,960 Speaker 1: of the airport in Cuba in South Florida, so that 561 00:30:28,960 --> 00:30:32,640 Speaker 1: they could trick skyjackers into thinking they'd reach out, um 562 00:30:33,320 --> 00:30:35,240 Speaker 1: right next to where they staged the moon lie right right, 563 00:30:35,320 --> 00:30:38,560 Speaker 1: yeah exactly. But yeah, which, which, of course isn't they 564 00:30:38,640 --> 00:30:40,680 Speaker 1: put in Florida. That's where you put your fake moon. 565 00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:44,800 Speaker 1: They're such similar anyway. Um yeah, So the the f 566 00:30:44,960 --> 00:30:46,520 Speaker 1: A was like, seriously, like what if we just build 567 00:30:46,520 --> 00:30:48,840 Speaker 1: a fake airport, But then they decided it would be 568 00:30:48,840 --> 00:30:53,200 Speaker 1: too expensive. So the airlines meanwhile just decided to make 569 00:30:53,480 --> 00:30:57,600 Speaker 1: like policy be to completely comply with skyjackers. In always, 570 00:30:57,760 --> 00:31:00,680 Speaker 1: they actually banned employees from taking any act and whatsoever 571 00:31:00,720 --> 00:31:03,320 Speaker 1: to scott to stop a sky jack It's like if 572 00:31:03,360 --> 00:31:06,680 Speaker 1: you work in a retail store. The policy about shoplift. Yes, 573 00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:09,880 Speaker 1: and this actually winds up having an impact on nine eleven. 574 00:31:09,920 --> 00:31:12,200 Speaker 1: Happens the way it does because at that time there 575 00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: had not been like a plane hijacking where that sort 576 00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:18,360 Speaker 1: of thing had been done, and the wisdom was still 577 00:31:18,400 --> 00:31:21,400 Speaker 1: you know in two thousand one, Oh, they're gonna ransom 578 00:31:21,520 --> 00:31:23,800 Speaker 1: us or take us somewhere. They're gonna fly us somewhere, 579 00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:27,520 Speaker 1: like they want to get money or something. Um. So 580 00:31:27,600 --> 00:31:30,480 Speaker 1: that's part of why people didn't really fight back until 581 00:31:30,520 --> 00:31:32,480 Speaker 1: they started, you know, that last plane kind of realized 582 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:35,440 Speaker 1: what was happening. On the other hand, no one was like, 583 00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:40,200 Speaker 1: they're not using a gun. Well you couldn't, you know, 584 00:31:40,440 --> 00:31:44,720 Speaker 1: they put some security measures. I'm pretty sure that you 585 00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:46,960 Speaker 1: could no longer do the fish called Wanda and just 586 00:31:47,000 --> 00:31:48,960 Speaker 1: flip the gun around. But it did used to be 587 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:51,000 Speaker 1: that easy, is it is. It isn't like you just 588 00:31:51,040 --> 00:31:53,960 Speaker 1: would carry a gun onto a plane. Um. So, I know, 589 00:31:54,000 --> 00:31:59,440 Speaker 1: Simonon Lawton ruined it for everybody. He really did that. 590 00:31:59,440 --> 00:32:06,280 Speaker 1: That's his want. No, okay, so the airlines, yeah again, 591 00:32:06,360 --> 00:32:09,400 Speaker 1: decide like everybody's just gotta do whatever the the hijackers say. 592 00:32:09,840 --> 00:32:12,960 Speaker 1: So all plane cockpits in the United States were for 593 00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:15,280 Speaker 1: a period of time equipped with charts of the Caribbean 594 00:32:15,320 --> 00:32:18,040 Speaker 1: c regardless of the flights destination, because it was just 595 00:32:18,120 --> 00:32:20,080 Speaker 1: known like you might have to fly to Cuba, like 596 00:32:20,160 --> 00:32:22,120 Speaker 1: any flight in the country, you might wind up going 597 00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:24,680 Speaker 1: to Cuba. Like you just accessorized that a little bit. 598 00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:27,480 Speaker 1: You get like some palm trees and everybody's got like 599 00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:30,240 Speaker 1: some coconut drinks. Yeah, you could keep a special set 600 00:32:30,360 --> 00:32:33,000 Speaker 1: like yeah, rum like Cuba. Well probably not Cuba libres 601 00:32:33,280 --> 00:32:38,120 Speaker 1: because those won't go over well once you're in Cuba. Um. Yeah, anyway, 602 00:32:38,440 --> 00:32:42,200 Speaker 1: uh so, Yeah, skyjacking. It was a viral meme right 603 00:32:42,280 --> 00:32:44,840 Speaker 1: for eight years or so, and really the year in 604 00:32:44,840 --> 00:32:48,480 Speaker 1: which it hit its height was nineteen sixty nine. Yeah, 605 00:32:49,120 --> 00:32:52,280 Speaker 1: eleven US flights were commandeered in the first six weeks 606 00:32:52,280 --> 00:32:55,560 Speaker 1: of the year alone. Was really excited by the number. Yeah, 607 00:32:55,560 --> 00:32:58,960 Speaker 1: they really were. They wanted to make it count. One 608 00:32:58,960 --> 00:33:01,880 Speaker 1: plane was taken by released mental patient in his three 609 00:33:01,960 --> 00:33:06,720 Speaker 1: year old son, which which the gun. I'm sure it's 610 00:33:06,720 --> 00:33:10,520 Speaker 1: a less fun story than it is think. I think 611 00:33:10,600 --> 00:33:13,440 Speaker 1: saying that a plane was hijacked by anyone and their 612 00:33:13,480 --> 00:33:16,240 Speaker 1: three year old son maybe gives the three year old 613 00:33:16,240 --> 00:33:18,080 Speaker 1: son too much credit. I don't know, have you met 614 00:33:18,080 --> 00:33:20,680 Speaker 1: in those three year olds in the midst of a tantrum? 615 00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:23,640 Speaker 1: They could totally hijack a plane. Because also that sounds 616 00:33:23,680 --> 00:33:25,400 Speaker 1: like a movie. That sounds like a movie with Tom 617 00:33:25,440 --> 00:33:27,920 Speaker 1: Hanks in the eighties where like, you know, he gets 618 00:33:27,920 --> 00:33:30,360 Speaker 1: out of the middle institution and like his kid wants 619 00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:35,320 Speaker 1: to teach him a lesson about had in. I don't know, 620 00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,120 Speaker 1: you could make a fun, feel good movie about it. 621 00:33:38,160 --> 00:33:40,720 Speaker 1: Then he falls in love with the stewardess. Yeah. And 622 00:33:40,760 --> 00:33:43,000 Speaker 1: then they go to Cuba. Yeah. Yeah, Then they go 623 00:33:43,040 --> 00:33:47,440 Speaker 1: to Cuba, um and help ignite a communist worldwide revolution 624 00:33:47,520 --> 00:33:50,600 Speaker 1: like Tom Hanks has always wanted to do. So yeah. 625 00:33:50,640 --> 00:33:54,239 Speaker 1: One plane in nineteen sixty nine was diverted by a 626 00:33:54,280 --> 00:33:56,600 Speaker 1: college student who was armed with bug spray, so you 627 00:33:56,640 --> 00:33:58,920 Speaker 1: didn't really have to be all that well equipped I'm sorry, 628 00:33:59,320 --> 00:34:02,000 Speaker 1: armed with but I think he did like a flamethrower thing, 629 00:34:02,080 --> 00:34:05,760 Speaker 1: but I'm not really sure. Um. And another was commandeered 630 00:34:05,760 --> 00:34:08,920 Speaker 1: by a retired Green Beret whose plan was specifically to 631 00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:13,640 Speaker 1: beat Castro to death with his fists. So this was 632 00:34:14,320 --> 00:34:18,200 Speaker 1: this is nine six nine, Yes, so this was before 633 00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:21,479 Speaker 1: any of the Rambo movies would have given him that idea. Yeah, 634 00:34:21,600 --> 00:34:23,520 Speaker 1: I think the best part of this idea he had 635 00:34:23,560 --> 00:34:25,400 Speaker 1: on his own. I think the best part of that 636 00:34:25,480 --> 00:34:27,960 Speaker 1: is that you've already described what happened once people landed 637 00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:34,520 Speaker 1: in Cuba. Yeah. So, uh, speaking of landing in Cuba, 638 00:34:34,719 --> 00:34:41,560 Speaker 1: you know what Cuba loves rum Yes, not America, but 639 00:34:41,680 --> 00:34:45,440 Speaker 1: broader than that. Cuba. If anyone knows anything, it's that 640 00:34:45,480 --> 00:34:49,400 Speaker 1: they love products and services. Huge fans of corporations, and 641 00:34:49,400 --> 00:34:51,319 Speaker 1: several of those things that I've just listed are in 642 00:34:51,360 --> 00:34:54,600 Speaker 1: facts and services. There might be an ad for rum 643 00:34:54,800 --> 00:34:58,520 Speaker 1: or for cigars, or for having a lot of doctors, 644 00:34:58,640 --> 00:35:01,120 Speaker 1: like a really tremendous amount of doctors, and really good 645 00:35:01,200 --> 00:35:04,319 Speaker 1: hurricane response and just very response. It could be an 646 00:35:04,320 --> 00:35:07,960 Speaker 1: ad for any of those things. Um. So here we go. 647 00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:17,520 Speaker 1: All right, we're back so um. In this period of time, 648 00:35:17,640 --> 00:35:20,279 Speaker 1: there was exactly one reasonable person who worked in the 649 00:35:20,440 --> 00:35:22,919 Speaker 1: entire US government. Uh, and he was a guy named 650 00:35:22,960 --> 00:35:25,960 Speaker 1: John Daily. He was the f a a's chief psychologist, 651 00:35:26,239 --> 00:35:28,640 Speaker 1: and he decided that we should probably do something about 652 00:35:28,640 --> 00:35:30,560 Speaker 1: this problem. And the thing that we should do, rather 653 00:35:30,600 --> 00:35:33,279 Speaker 1: than search every passenger or all that stuff, was trying 654 00:35:33,320 --> 00:35:36,560 Speaker 1: to analyze like all of the different hijackings in the past, 655 00:35:36,600 --> 00:35:38,560 Speaker 1: and particularly all of the people who had committed them, 656 00:35:38,640 --> 00:35:40,880 Speaker 1: to try and determine if there were certain key behaviors 657 00:35:40,920 --> 00:35:44,440 Speaker 1: that might like give away the fact that to hijack 658 00:35:44,520 --> 00:35:48,560 Speaker 1: a plane. So his research convinced him that all these 659 00:35:48,560 --> 00:35:50,840 Speaker 1: people had done things that had marked them out as 660 00:35:50,840 --> 00:35:53,799 Speaker 1: potential hijackers while they were checking in. Uh So, these 661 00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:56,200 Speaker 1: behaviors weren't uniform. But Daily believed that if you trained 662 00:35:56,200 --> 00:35:59,440 Speaker 1: airline employees to watch for a certain range of suspicious 663 00:35:59,440 --> 00:36:02,399 Speaker 1: behaviors and then search the people who seemed like might 664 00:36:02,400 --> 00:36:04,520 Speaker 1: be a plane hijacker, the fact that some of these 665 00:36:04,520 --> 00:36:06,960 Speaker 1: folks would be innocent wouldn't piss anybody off too much 666 00:36:07,000 --> 00:36:10,080 Speaker 1: if it meant less skyjacking. So you like repeatedly checking 667 00:36:10,120 --> 00:36:13,120 Speaker 1: your gun and asking if anyone knew how to get 668 00:36:13,160 --> 00:36:15,880 Speaker 1: to Cuba. Instead of saying that guy is repeatedly checking 669 00:36:15,920 --> 00:36:19,120 Speaker 1: his gun, better better let him get on this plane, 670 00:36:19,280 --> 00:36:22,000 Speaker 1: you say that guy's repeatedly checking his gun, I'm gonna 671 00:36:22,000 --> 00:36:25,880 Speaker 1: ask him if he plans to hijack the plane, but 672 00:36:26,160 --> 00:36:30,279 Speaker 1: not prevent him from bringing the gun onto the plane. Well, 673 00:36:30,320 --> 00:36:34,919 Speaker 1: they tried to, so it actually worked really well. Um, 674 00:36:35,200 --> 00:36:36,759 Speaker 1: mainly it was just the fact that there was now 675 00:36:36,800 --> 00:36:39,840 Speaker 1: a possibility of being searched by the law before a flight. 676 00:36:40,080 --> 00:36:45,120 Speaker 1: That scared off most h that was that was great. 677 00:36:45,560 --> 00:36:49,040 Speaker 1: There was actually there were reports from airports around the 678 00:36:49,040 --> 00:36:52,040 Speaker 1: country in this period of time. For weeks after these plants, 679 00:36:52,040 --> 00:36:56,080 Speaker 1: Like after airports started doing this of like airport security 680 00:36:56,080 --> 00:36:59,200 Speaker 1: finding guns and knives and bombs stashed in the bushes outside, 681 00:37:00,120 --> 00:37:04,080 Speaker 1: they realized and dumped it out. We got to hide 682 00:37:04,120 --> 00:37:05,759 Speaker 1: it in the bushes. They're never gonna let us take 683 00:37:05,760 --> 00:37:09,800 Speaker 1: this to Cuba. Yeah, by nineteen seventy, the skyjacking epidemic 684 00:37:09,840 --> 00:37:11,600 Speaker 1: was mostly over, so it really worked. This is part 685 00:37:11,640 --> 00:37:13,560 Speaker 1: of why, like dB Cooper, that guy in seventy one, 686 00:37:13,560 --> 00:37:16,080 Speaker 1: who I think part of why it was so noteworthy 687 00:37:16,280 --> 00:37:19,120 Speaker 1: is that like they've really gotten a handle on hijacking 688 00:37:19,160 --> 00:37:21,080 Speaker 1: for the most part, and then he managed he does 689 00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:24,759 Speaker 1: it jack um. But this like that, it turns out 690 00:37:24,800 --> 00:37:28,000 Speaker 1: like a lot of people were just hijacking planes because 691 00:37:28,040 --> 00:37:31,760 Speaker 1: there was literally no barrier to hijacking plane. I gotta say, 692 00:37:32,920 --> 00:37:36,440 Speaker 1: if we were playing Minecraft and you were able to 693 00:37:36,520 --> 00:37:38,279 Speaker 1: hijack planes and there was nothing in the game to 694 00:37:38,320 --> 00:37:40,560 Speaker 1: prevent you from hijacking planes, I think a lot of 695 00:37:40,600 --> 00:37:42,759 Speaker 1: people playing Minecraft with a hijacking plane. I think a 696 00:37:42,760 --> 00:37:45,799 Speaker 1: lot of people would in Minecraft hijack a plane, which 697 00:37:45,840 --> 00:37:47,760 Speaker 1: is not a thing that anyone in the real nobody 698 00:37:47,760 --> 00:37:51,920 Speaker 1: should ever do. Yeah. Um so yeah, by nineteen seventy, 699 00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:54,320 Speaker 1: they've kind of gotten a handle on the jackings in 700 00:37:54,360 --> 00:37:59,840 Speaker 1: the sky. Now up to this point, uh on us 701 00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:03,520 Speaker 1: skyjackings because they were very silly, but there were skyjackings 702 00:38:03,560 --> 00:38:05,200 Speaker 1: all around the world, and a lot of them were 703 00:38:05,200 --> 00:38:06,560 Speaker 1: like like I was saying earlier, like a lot of 704 00:38:06,600 --> 00:38:08,920 Speaker 1: different This is kind of like the height of of 705 00:38:09,040 --> 00:38:11,719 Speaker 1: kind of international solidarity with a lot of like Palestinian 706 00:38:11,719 --> 00:38:13,920 Speaker 1: liberation movements. So there are a lot of different groups 707 00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:16,719 Speaker 1: kind of allied with different Palestinian groups who would do 708 00:38:16,760 --> 00:38:18,200 Speaker 1: it to like help fund them and stuff. And this 709 00:38:18,280 --> 00:38:20,640 Speaker 1: is a big deal. They happened in the US, but 710 00:38:20,680 --> 00:38:24,200 Speaker 1: also like all around the world. Um, and it was 711 00:38:24,360 --> 00:38:26,440 Speaker 1: you know, a thing that other groups would do to 712 00:38:26,560 --> 00:38:30,480 Speaker 1: kind of fund their activities or to make political points. Um. 713 00:38:30,719 --> 00:38:33,759 Speaker 1: And this kind of brings me to the story of 714 00:38:33,880 --> 00:38:37,719 Speaker 1: one of the most successful and interesting jackings in all 715 00:38:37,920 --> 00:38:44,040 Speaker 1: of sky history, the story of the Japanese Red Army. Yeah, 716 00:38:44,520 --> 00:38:46,839 Speaker 1: and there's a lot to this story. This is this 717 00:38:46,880 --> 00:38:48,720 Speaker 1: is a fun one. This is one of the funnest 718 00:38:48,760 --> 00:38:52,279 Speaker 1: stories in all of terrorism. Um. And there's a lot 719 00:38:52,360 --> 00:38:57,000 Speaker 1: of fun stories terrorism. It's really just laughs all the 720 00:38:57,040 --> 00:39:00,560 Speaker 1: way down, um, but this is all the way yeah, 721 00:39:00,680 --> 00:39:05,520 Speaker 1: like that like that falling Man on nine okay. Um. 722 00:39:05,600 --> 00:39:08,040 Speaker 1: So to tell this story, we have to talk a 723 00:39:08,080 --> 00:39:11,600 Speaker 1: bit about Japan in the nineteen sixties. Japan was just 724 00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:13,800 Speaker 1: fifteen years out of World War Two at the start 725 00:39:13,800 --> 00:39:16,040 Speaker 1: of the decade, and thus only fifteen years out of 726 00:39:16,080 --> 00:39:18,799 Speaker 1: like literally centuries of rule by emperors and shogun and 727 00:39:19,800 --> 00:39:21,880 Speaker 1: they didn't have a lot of experience with democracy. It 728 00:39:21,920 --> 00:39:25,200 Speaker 1: had not been an open society. Um. And you know, 729 00:39:25,280 --> 00:39:28,600 Speaker 1: then there's a bunch of nukes going off and Douglas 730 00:39:28,680 --> 00:39:32,480 Speaker 1: MacArthur is in charge for like five years that nothing 731 00:39:32,480 --> 00:39:35,680 Speaker 1: could go wrong. Douglas MacArthur, by the way, a few 732 00:39:35,760 --> 00:39:40,840 Speaker 1: years later would suggest so strenuously that he was fired 733 00:39:40,880 --> 00:39:43,320 Speaker 1: for it putting it into the Korean War by nuking 734 00:39:43,360 --> 00:39:47,440 Speaker 1: all of China basically, so not they didn't go with 735 00:39:47,480 --> 00:39:51,080 Speaker 1: that option, huh no, no, not a not the most 736 00:39:51,160 --> 00:39:54,759 Speaker 1: even tempered guy. But he opens Japan up and it's 737 00:39:54,800 --> 00:39:57,560 Speaker 1: his job to like make sure that they democratize and 738 00:39:57,640 --> 00:40:02,279 Speaker 1: stop being authoritarian, so like overnight, Japan's a democracy and 739 00:40:02,280 --> 00:40:03,879 Speaker 1: people who had once lived or died on the words 740 00:40:03,880 --> 00:40:05,480 Speaker 1: of a single man suddenly had the right to go 741 00:40:05,520 --> 00:40:08,560 Speaker 1: and protest the government in the streets. MacArthur also freed 742 00:40:08,600 --> 00:40:11,920 Speaker 1: all political prisoners in Japanese jails. Despite the fact that 743 00:40:11,960 --> 00:40:15,719 Speaker 1: he himself was like a right wing radical, McArthur's hard right. 744 00:40:15,960 --> 00:40:18,520 Speaker 1: He frees all of Japan's in prison left wing radicals, 745 00:40:18,520 --> 00:40:22,080 Speaker 1: including communists. Um. And this is part of why the 746 00:40:22,160 --> 00:40:24,920 Speaker 1: Japanese Communist Party during this period of time is kind 747 00:40:24,960 --> 00:40:27,600 Speaker 1: of known for being more pro democracy than in the 748 00:40:27,640 --> 00:40:30,080 Speaker 1: other party in the country and very different from like 749 00:40:30,120 --> 00:40:32,239 Speaker 1: other communist parties in that part of the world at 750 00:40:32,239 --> 00:40:35,600 Speaker 1: the time. And there's there's some very famous authors from 751 00:40:35,640 --> 00:40:39,200 Speaker 1: from the postwar Japanese period. Uh oh A I know 752 00:40:39,320 --> 00:40:42,320 Speaker 1: is one of them who Yeah, it's like hardline anti 753 00:40:42,400 --> 00:40:48,200 Speaker 1: capitalist communism and also really excited about the post war constitution. Yeah. Yeah, 754 00:40:48,239 --> 00:40:51,000 Speaker 1: it's clearly there's a lot of cool stuff in it, exactly. Um. 755 00:40:51,000 --> 00:40:53,440 Speaker 1: And it's one of the reasons MacArthur is such an 756 00:40:53,440 --> 00:40:55,520 Speaker 1: interesting dude to like look at his because he's like 757 00:40:55,560 --> 00:40:57,920 Speaker 1: he has a big impact on the constitution. He's a 758 00:40:57,920 --> 00:41:01,160 Speaker 1: monster also, but like for there's a brief period of 759 00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:04,279 Speaker 1: time where he's like doing what you'd broadly say are 760 00:41:04,280 --> 00:41:06,480 Speaker 1: the right things. And so the Communist Party in Japan 761 00:41:06,520 --> 00:41:09,400 Speaker 1: actually goes from about a thousand members pre war because 762 00:41:09,400 --> 00:41:11,800 Speaker 1: it was illegal, to a hundred and fifty thousand members 763 00:41:11,800 --> 00:41:15,719 Speaker 1: by nineteen fifty, just five years. Another major major change 764 00:41:15,719 --> 00:41:18,360 Speaker 1: in Japan was the education system. The new government extended 765 00:41:18,400 --> 00:41:20,960 Speaker 1: the possibility of higher education to everyone, not just a 766 00:41:20,960 --> 00:41:23,480 Speaker 1: privileged few. The fact that there were now more students 767 00:41:23,480 --> 00:41:26,000 Speaker 1: on campus and more possibilities for political involvement led to 768 00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:29,719 Speaker 1: an explosion in Japanese activist culture, and MacArthur supported this too, 769 00:41:29,800 --> 00:41:32,240 Speaker 1: under the belief that even left wing activism on campus 770 00:41:32,239 --> 00:41:35,680 Speaker 1: would help flush out Japanese instructors who still held lingering 771 00:41:35,800 --> 00:41:38,480 Speaker 1: nationalist beliefs. So that's kind he lets the left rises, 772 00:41:38,520 --> 00:41:41,000 Speaker 1: He's like, so this will flush out the nationalists. He 773 00:41:41,080 --> 00:41:44,440 Speaker 1: hates communists, but he's but he hates the guys. He 774 00:41:44,480 --> 00:41:49,920 Speaker 1: was just fighting and anti fascism, anti told holitarian first 775 00:41:50,760 --> 00:41:52,759 Speaker 1: kind of he was pretty he was. It was more 776 00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:56,160 Speaker 1: he specifically hated the old Japanese government, and he knew 777 00:41:56,200 --> 00:41:58,640 Speaker 1: that they really hated the left, and letting these kids 778 00:41:58,680 --> 00:42:00,759 Speaker 1: march in the street would kind they're not going to 779 00:42:00,840 --> 00:42:04,280 Speaker 1: be able to shut up about exactly. That's more the reason, 780 00:42:04,320 --> 00:42:07,120 Speaker 1: Like McArthur's not doing this because he's a nice dude. 781 00:42:08,440 --> 00:42:11,120 Speaker 1: And and there's there's certainly things to bear that out 782 00:42:11,160 --> 00:42:14,480 Speaker 1: because you have like Maschima and his Shield Society, and 783 00:42:14,640 --> 00:42:19,080 Speaker 1: there's there's some really wild right way uprisings that happen 784 00:42:19,440 --> 00:42:23,200 Speaker 1: in post or Japan, just irate about the idea and 785 00:42:23,239 --> 00:42:26,240 Speaker 1: that like a switch. Yeah, the emperor can't order everyone 786 00:42:26,280 --> 00:42:29,080 Speaker 1: to die anymore, and that is unacceptable, the worst thing 787 00:42:29,120 --> 00:42:33,920 Speaker 1: that's ever happened. Um So, yeah, students self governing associations 788 00:42:33,960 --> 00:42:36,560 Speaker 1: pop up at campuses across Japan, and they functioned kind 789 00:42:36,560 --> 00:42:39,720 Speaker 1: of like unions, um, giving kids a voice on their campus. 790 00:42:40,040 --> 00:42:43,400 Speaker 1: In a bunch of these associations formed up into a 791 00:42:43,560 --> 00:42:47,319 Speaker 1: national league. They called themselves Zenga Kurin, which is short 792 00:42:47,400 --> 00:42:51,200 Speaker 1: for All Japan League of Students Self Government. Now, most 793 00:42:51,200 --> 00:42:53,560 Speaker 1: of these people were communists, but there's you know, you 794 00:42:53,600 --> 00:42:55,920 Speaker 1: know communists, there's a whole lot of different kinds of communists. 795 00:42:55,920 --> 00:42:59,839 Speaker 1: It's like skills there, right, there's there's Lenin, and there 796 00:43:00,520 --> 00:43:06,960 Speaker 1: Trotsky Stalin. At this point most Stalin. Yeah, those are 797 00:43:07,000 --> 00:43:08,719 Speaker 1: all the kids that I know. And at this point, 798 00:43:08,719 --> 00:43:12,400 Speaker 1: you know, even the people who are like Stalinists aren't 799 00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:15,759 Speaker 1: really Stalinists by what we'd call them, like, because if 800 00:43:15,760 --> 00:43:18,319 Speaker 1: you're a Stalinist, then you don't really know most of 801 00:43:18,360 --> 00:43:23,400 Speaker 1: what Stalin did. Being a Stalinist now and denying everything, Yeah, 802 00:43:23,520 --> 00:43:25,600 Speaker 1: well and he hadn't done some of that stuff. He 803 00:43:25,640 --> 00:43:27,680 Speaker 1: had not done all of that stuff. You've done a 804 00:43:27,680 --> 00:43:32,200 Speaker 1: lot of it. Have a goldfish pond, um, Yeah, I 805 00:43:32,239 --> 00:43:36,080 Speaker 1: think so, probably, Yeah, so, yeah, these guys started, these 806 00:43:36,120 --> 00:43:38,359 Speaker 1: these students start protesting. Like a big one is US 807 00:43:38,400 --> 00:43:40,440 Speaker 1: bases on Japanese soil, and like the no base movement. 808 00:43:40,480 --> 00:43:41,919 Speaker 1: You'd still see when I was over there, you'd see 809 00:43:41,920 --> 00:43:44,319 Speaker 1: a bunch of graffiti for that, Like that's a big thing, um, 810 00:43:44,760 --> 00:43:49,680 Speaker 1: because the US military presence in Japan is it's massive, Yes, 811 00:43:49,800 --> 00:43:53,000 Speaker 1: absolutely on Okinawa. And have a lot of a lot 812 00:43:53,000 --> 00:43:56,240 Speaker 1: of fond memories of driving class past like missile silos 813 00:43:56,280 --> 00:44:00,520 Speaker 1: that are just like in the countryside I have Okanawa, 814 00:44:00,640 --> 00:44:03,799 Speaker 1: and my impression is that there's not much too Okinawa 815 00:44:03,920 --> 00:44:06,799 Speaker 1: other than military. Oh no, Okanowa fucking rules. Like there's 816 00:44:06,800 --> 00:44:10,879 Speaker 1: a lounch of cool sh sorry, that's what is Like. 817 00:44:11,840 --> 00:44:14,000 Speaker 1: The bases are big, like it's it's it's a it's 818 00:44:14,040 --> 00:44:15,840 Speaker 1: big and it has a major impact on the local 819 00:44:15,840 --> 00:44:18,600 Speaker 1: culture for sure. Um but there's a like there's a 820 00:44:18,640 --> 00:44:22,799 Speaker 1: lot of cool ship going on another um so yeah, 821 00:44:22,960 --> 00:44:25,719 Speaker 1: so they start protesting US bases on Japanese soil. And 822 00:44:25,719 --> 00:44:28,640 Speaker 1: this is where Douglas MacArthur stops being on board. He wasn't, 823 00:44:28,840 --> 00:44:31,880 Speaker 1: wasn't it wasn't, but yeah, why not? But it won't 824 00:44:32,239 --> 00:44:35,640 Speaker 1: won't the fascists be upset that? Oh they won't be 825 00:44:35,719 --> 00:44:39,480 Speaker 1: upset about that, will they know? That's when MacArthur stops 826 00:44:39,480 --> 00:44:43,640 Speaker 1: being okay with the students speaking their minds. Uh So 827 00:44:43,719 --> 00:44:47,440 Speaker 1: in nineteen forty nine he backs a bill the like 828 00:44:47,520 --> 00:44:51,960 Speaker 1: the the Japanese government puts out that specifically, the Ministry 829 00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:54,719 Speaker 1: of Education pushes introduces this bill that would curtail the 830 00:44:54,840 --> 00:44:58,480 Speaker 1: right to protest. So this really pisses off studentship in Japan, 831 00:44:58,480 --> 00:45:00,960 Speaker 1: who are again able to protest best and organized for 832 00:45:01,000 --> 00:45:03,319 Speaker 1: the first time, and more than two hundred thousand of 833 00:45:03,360 --> 00:45:06,040 Speaker 1: them take to the streets and shut down universities across 834 00:45:06,080 --> 00:45:09,040 Speaker 1: the country. Uh. It was so shocking that the government 835 00:45:09,239 --> 00:45:11,719 Speaker 1: was forced to back pedal and scrap the bill, But 836 00:45:11,760 --> 00:45:14,520 Speaker 1: more attempts followed. In nineteen fifty two, the government tried 837 00:45:14,560 --> 00:45:17,640 Speaker 1: to pass an anti subversives bill that was basically Japanese 838 00:45:17,640 --> 00:45:21,960 Speaker 1: style McCarthy ism. Twenty students attempted to storm the Royal Palace, 839 00:45:22,200 --> 00:45:25,120 Speaker 1: hurling stones that lines of armored riot police, who eventually 840 00:45:25,200 --> 00:45:27,520 Speaker 1: beat them back with such violence that two students died 841 00:45:27,560 --> 00:45:31,480 Speaker 1: in the fighting. Um yeah, heck of a riot. Uh 842 00:45:31,520 --> 00:45:34,320 Speaker 1: So soon mass street battles become the norm. The Japanese 843 00:45:34,360 --> 00:45:36,560 Speaker 1: government's refusal to do anything as a result of these 844 00:45:36,560 --> 00:45:39,760 Speaker 1: protests caused the formation of a new movement in Japanese politics, 845 00:45:39,800 --> 00:45:42,760 Speaker 1: the New Left, who believed that electoral politics were hopeless 846 00:45:42,760 --> 00:45:46,640 Speaker 1: and only revolution could bring progress. Um, which doesn't sound 847 00:45:46,680 --> 00:45:49,760 Speaker 1: like anything that's ever ever come to that. Conclusions based 848 00:45:49,760 --> 00:45:53,520 Speaker 1: on police violence certainly not only happened this one time 849 00:45:53,560 --> 00:45:57,000 Speaker 1: in this one country. Um yeah, I'm gonna quote now 850 00:45:57,000 --> 00:46:00,120 Speaker 1: from a write up in the Asia Pacific Journal. New 851 00:46:00,200 --> 00:46:04,640 Speaker 1: Left street demonstrations steadily escalated into violent clashes resembling medieval battles. 852 00:46:04,840 --> 00:46:07,480 Speaker 1: The students wore color coded crash helmets and blasted with 853 00:46:07,520 --> 00:46:10,560 Speaker 1: the names of their organizations, carried long fighting polls, and 854 00:46:10,600 --> 00:46:13,440 Speaker 1: through stones or fire bombs at the police. They confronted 855 00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:16,080 Speaker 1: squads of riot police wearing medieval style helmets, who battled 856 00:46:16,080 --> 00:46:18,920 Speaker 1: the students with tall aluminum body shields and police batons, 857 00:46:19,160 --> 00:46:21,960 Speaker 1: supported by water cannon trucks that spread fire hoses of 858 00:46:21,960 --> 00:46:24,400 Speaker 1: water laced with tear gas at the students. At the 859 00:46:24,400 --> 00:46:27,800 Speaker 1: peak of the protest cycle in nineteen sixty nine, Japanese 860 00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:31,240 Speaker 1: authorities suddenly cracked down with mass arrests and prolonged incarcerations 861 00:46:31,239 --> 00:46:33,920 Speaker 1: of thousands of students. This turned the tide and in 862 00:46:34,000 --> 00:46:37,160 Speaker 1: part by producing splits within the new left groups. So 863 00:46:38,160 --> 00:46:39,920 Speaker 1: there's part of a reason why Japan is kind of 864 00:46:39,960 --> 00:46:44,200 Speaker 1: so famously disconnected from like politics and and people don't 865 00:46:44,239 --> 00:46:47,040 Speaker 1: like do ship like this anymore. To a large extent, 866 00:46:47,560 --> 00:46:53,920 Speaker 1: arrested because they arrested and beat and yeah that does 867 00:46:53,960 --> 00:46:58,439 Speaker 1: sound cool, and the long sticks and the hurling. Okay. So, 868 00:46:58,600 --> 00:47:01,080 Speaker 1: by the early nineteen seventies, the Zenga Kuran, which are 869 00:47:01,080 --> 00:47:04,520 Speaker 1: again these like student self governing organizations, it started turning 870 00:47:04,520 --> 00:47:07,560 Speaker 1: away from the Japanese Communist Party and mass largely so 871 00:47:07,560 --> 00:47:10,120 Speaker 1: that they could have a chance of influencing electoral politics. 872 00:47:10,120 --> 00:47:12,759 Speaker 1: So like, yeah, they decide they don't want to be 873 00:47:12,800 --> 00:47:14,680 Speaker 1: they're not new left right. They want to try and 874 00:47:14,719 --> 00:47:17,120 Speaker 1: actually like make things happen at the ballot box, and 875 00:47:17,160 --> 00:47:20,319 Speaker 1: the radical left is increasingly being like, that's bullshit. It's 876 00:47:20,320 --> 00:47:24,719 Speaker 1: all about fighting cops in the streets and the kind 877 00:47:24,719 --> 00:47:27,240 Speaker 1: of more moderate people are like, but that has horrible 878 00:47:27,280 --> 00:47:29,520 Speaker 1: consequences and I don't want to do it. Um, this 879 00:47:29,600 --> 00:47:32,760 Speaker 1: sounds like a summary of the entire seventies after nineteen 880 00:47:32,840 --> 00:47:36,400 Speaker 1: sixty yep Son, it's a thing that keeps happening. So 881 00:47:36,680 --> 00:47:40,560 Speaker 1: uh yeah, the larger number of moderate liberals broke away 882 00:47:40,560 --> 00:47:43,600 Speaker 1: from the radical left and stopped protesting, and the radical 883 00:47:43,680 --> 00:47:46,359 Speaker 1: left did what the radical left nearly always does and 884 00:47:46,400 --> 00:47:51,239 Speaker 1: devoured itself. Yeah. Yes, is this specific to Japan or 885 00:47:51,280 --> 00:47:55,160 Speaker 1: is this just this is literally any movement that's ever happened, 886 00:47:55,239 --> 00:48:00,400 Speaker 1: and also that's ever happened in the seventies after sixty 887 00:48:00,440 --> 00:48:02,640 Speaker 1: eight occurred. It's the thing that keeps happening. That's why 888 00:48:02,680 --> 00:48:06,320 Speaker 1: the earth will soon be an uninhabitable anyway. Communist radicals 889 00:48:06,320 --> 00:48:09,400 Speaker 1: in Japan decided that non violent resistance was no longer practical. 890 00:48:09,600 --> 00:48:12,040 Speaker 1: Japanese riot police were too good at their jobs, and 891 00:48:12,200 --> 00:48:14,239 Speaker 1: less committed members of the left were no longer trust 892 00:48:14,280 --> 00:48:16,839 Speaker 1: were the allies. The communist chunks of the left began 893 00:48:16,880 --> 00:48:19,160 Speaker 1: to split between those who wanted to continue the old 894 00:48:19,200 --> 00:48:21,759 Speaker 1: methods of protest in propaganda and those who wanted to 895 00:48:21,800 --> 00:48:25,280 Speaker 1: actually wage global war against capitalism, I mean a literal 896 00:48:25,320 --> 00:48:28,000 Speaker 1: war in that sense. Now, these types wound up in 897 00:48:28,040 --> 00:48:30,319 Speaker 1: a number of different groups, the most influential of which 898 00:48:30,360 --> 00:48:34,000 Speaker 1: came to eventually be known as the Japanese Red Army. Now, 899 00:48:35,239 --> 00:48:39,319 Speaker 1: my understanding from the latter twentieth century is any time 900 00:48:39,360 --> 00:48:44,000 Speaker 1: that something's called the Red Army, everything is good from 901 00:48:44,040 --> 00:48:49,520 Speaker 1: there on. Red Army, faction, re army cards, those are 902 00:48:49,520 --> 00:48:54,480 Speaker 1: all reds. Yeah, So Japanese Red Army, everything that's coming up, 903 00:48:54,680 --> 00:48:57,799 Speaker 1: the Soviet Red Army famously no war crimes committed. Um, 904 00:48:57,960 --> 00:49:03,640 Speaker 1: that's why the Polish people we're so happy anyway. So 905 00:49:03,640 --> 00:49:05,840 Speaker 1: I'm gonna quote now from a fascinating rite up an 906 00:49:05,920 --> 00:49:08,440 Speaker 1: Unseen Japan that really goes into these guys, and they do. 907 00:49:08,440 --> 00:49:11,640 Speaker 1: Actually a great multipart essay on the whole history of 908 00:49:11,640 --> 00:49:14,440 Speaker 1: the Japanese Red Army. That's very cool. The leader in 909 00:49:14,520 --> 00:49:17,279 Speaker 1: ideological master of the newly minted Red Army faction was 910 00:49:17,400 --> 00:49:20,640 Speaker 1: one Shiomi Takaya, an avowed Trotskyite for whom a violent 911 00:49:20,680 --> 00:49:24,080 Speaker 1: international revolution was the goal. In Shiomi's eyes, any attempt 912 00:49:24,080 --> 00:49:26,680 Speaker 1: at coexistence with the imperialist West, as was then being 913 00:49:26,680 --> 00:49:31,080 Speaker 1: professed by Soviet Premiere Kruschev following his shocking repudiation of Stalinism, 914 00:49:31,200 --> 00:49:35,799 Speaker 1: where a corruption of true Marxism, world revolution required unflinching 915 00:49:36,440 --> 00:49:39,919 Speaker 1: required unflinching action. Imperialism needed to be purged from the world. 916 00:49:39,960 --> 00:49:42,320 Speaker 1: In Japan was the place to start. If they joined 917 00:49:42,320 --> 00:49:45,880 Speaker 1: hands with other revolutionary forces in Cuba, Palestine, Korea, and Vietnam, 918 00:49:46,080 --> 00:49:49,120 Speaker 1: soon the entire world might glow red. The struggle first 919 00:49:49,120 --> 00:49:51,440 Speaker 1: took the form of an internesting battles with their within 920 00:49:51,480 --> 00:49:55,200 Speaker 1: their parent organization, the Communist League. Hostages were taken and 921 00:49:55,239 --> 00:49:58,080 Speaker 1: the headquarters stormed. One Red Army soldier died after he 922 00:49:58,080 --> 00:50:00,680 Speaker 1: slipped and fell from a high window will escaping being 923 00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:03,919 Speaker 1: held hostage at the League headquarters at Nihon University. Death 924 00:50:04,080 --> 00:50:05,920 Speaker 1: death had become a part of the Red Army mythos 925 00:50:05,960 --> 00:50:10,000 Speaker 1: from its very first days. So so they're they're taking 926 00:50:10,120 --> 00:50:15,160 Speaker 1: hostages from their own in their own headquarters. Yeah, how 927 00:50:15,560 --> 00:50:18,480 Speaker 1: it's going. Well, how can you go and fight the 928 00:50:18,520 --> 00:50:23,520 Speaker 1: capitalists if you cannot even properly purge your own ranks? Exactly? Yeah, 929 00:50:23,680 --> 00:50:25,440 Speaker 1: if there you're going to clean the house, you got 930 00:50:25,440 --> 00:50:27,279 Speaker 1: to clean your cloth. This is a story with a 931 00:50:27,280 --> 00:50:32,200 Speaker 1: real pergy ending to enjoy. The Red Army differed from 932 00:50:32,239 --> 00:50:35,240 Speaker 1: many of its fellow lefties by stating openly their desire 933 00:50:35,320 --> 00:50:38,560 Speaker 1: to commit violent actions against the state. They're propaganda heavily 934 00:50:38,600 --> 00:50:40,840 Speaker 1: sighted ly on Trotsky to make the case that violent 935 00:50:40,880 --> 00:50:44,359 Speaker 1: tactics would help spark a worldwide socialist revolution, which would 936 00:50:44,400 --> 00:50:47,839 Speaker 1: inspire a global revolutionary army to rise up an armed 937 00:50:47,840 --> 00:50:51,000 Speaker 1: revolt with bombs and guns. This is the part that 938 00:50:51,160 --> 00:50:56,040 Speaker 1: I always find delightful is you have all of these 939 00:50:56,080 --> 00:50:59,440 Speaker 1: guys throughout history who keep being like, so, we're gonna 940 00:50:59,520 --> 00:51:03,439 Speaker 1: do this thing, and then when we do this thing, 941 00:51:04,320 --> 00:51:08,839 Speaker 1: a global army is going to materialize, and all of 942 00:51:08,840 --> 00:51:11,520 Speaker 1: a sudden, the thing we want is going to happen. 943 00:51:11,880 --> 00:51:16,839 Speaker 1: I mean as opposed for like, hey guys, you mask 944 00:51:16,960 --> 00:51:20,719 Speaker 1: for like four weeks and it basically being the seat 945 00:51:20,760 --> 00:51:23,560 Speaker 1: of a civil war. Yeah, Like, if there's one thing 946 00:51:23,600 --> 00:51:27,000 Speaker 1: that seems to be true. It's doing one thing doesn't 947 00:51:27,080 --> 00:51:30,799 Speaker 1: lead to unified action across the planet. If there's one 948 00:51:30,840 --> 00:51:34,360 Speaker 1: people thing people hate, it's doing things they really do. 949 00:51:34,520 --> 00:51:38,600 Speaker 1: I don't like it. And this was before Netflix. Yeah, yeah, 950 00:51:38,640 --> 00:51:40,680 Speaker 1: this is before Yeah, so you had a chance, but 951 00:51:41,000 --> 00:51:44,360 Speaker 1: it still wasn't great. So yeah, they started publicizing this. 952 00:51:44,480 --> 00:51:47,160 Speaker 1: The Red Army faction starts publicizing their desire to spark 953 00:51:47,200 --> 00:51:50,239 Speaker 1: a global armed socialist revolution before they even hold their 954 00:51:50,280 --> 00:51:52,560 Speaker 1: first meeting. And this created a lot of buzz around 955 00:51:52,560 --> 00:51:54,879 Speaker 1: the new organization. Where do you publicize that, by the way, 956 00:51:54,920 --> 00:51:57,759 Speaker 1: is that okay? I'm just wondering if that's like the 957 00:51:57,800 --> 00:51:59,879 Speaker 1: back page of the newspaper and like the help want 958 00:51:59,880 --> 00:52:04,640 Speaker 1: to the ads revolution wanted. Uh yeah, a lot of people. 959 00:52:04,760 --> 00:52:06,239 Speaker 1: There's a lot of a lot of buzz around them. 960 00:52:06,280 --> 00:52:07,880 Speaker 1: As this quote from an article in the Journal of 961 00:52:07,960 --> 00:52:12,239 Speaker 1: Asian Studies by Patricia Steinoff makes clear, the organization's first 962 00:52:12,239 --> 00:52:14,440 Speaker 1: public meeting, held at a public hall in Tokyo in 963 00:52:14,520 --> 00:52:18,160 Speaker 1: early September nineteen sixty nine, featured a massive display of 964 00:52:18,200 --> 00:52:20,800 Speaker 1: state authority. In addition to the ring of uniformed police 965 00:52:20,840 --> 00:52:23,440 Speaker 1: surrounding the building, plain closed police photographed the three hundred 966 00:52:23,480 --> 00:52:25,600 Speaker 1: people who entered, and more police stood around the back 967 00:52:25,640 --> 00:52:29,040 Speaker 1: of the hall watching on stage. Gonna make you maybe 968 00:52:29,080 --> 00:52:32,680 Speaker 1: a little bit less excited about openly calling for violent 969 00:52:32,680 --> 00:52:35,680 Speaker 1: interaction again. They loved this ship. They loved this ship. 970 00:52:35,920 --> 00:52:38,720 Speaker 1: They all made speeches wearing like ski masks and stuff, 971 00:52:38,760 --> 00:52:42,120 Speaker 1: so they couldn't be um. And they didn't get arrested 972 00:52:42,200 --> 00:52:45,360 Speaker 1: that day because it's not people say that stuff. But 973 00:52:45,440 --> 00:52:47,560 Speaker 1: everyone knew they were saying, we're going to break the 974 00:52:47,600 --> 00:52:50,960 Speaker 1: law very soon. Um and so yeah, and they're all 975 00:52:51,040 --> 00:52:53,840 Speaker 1: masked up, and it's pretty good, pretty good propagandic coup 976 00:52:54,640 --> 00:53:01,080 Speaker 1: because people hadn't done anything like that at that point. Yeah. So, 977 00:53:01,440 --> 00:53:03,560 Speaker 1: the various cells of the Red Army ran a handful 978 00:53:03,600 --> 00:53:06,560 Speaker 1: of mass gatherings protesting US bases and that sort of thing, 979 00:53:07,000 --> 00:53:08,759 Speaker 1: but the fiery young men and women in the Red 980 00:53:08,880 --> 00:53:11,719 Speaker 1: Army faction proved to have very little patients for such things. 981 00:53:11,920 --> 00:53:15,320 Speaker 1: They moved almost immediately to hijacking vehicles, bombing police stations, 982 00:53:15,320 --> 00:53:17,400 Speaker 1: and robbing banks. Once they hit a few months of 983 00:53:17,440 --> 00:53:19,640 Speaker 1: this under their belt, the leadership cadres of different Red 984 00:53:19,719 --> 00:53:22,719 Speaker 1: Army chapters decided to attempt to spark uprisings in three 985 00:53:22,719 --> 00:53:26,480 Speaker 1: different cities, and keeping with their international revolution obsession, they 986 00:53:26,480 --> 00:53:28,560 Speaker 1: timed this with the Days of Rage planned by the 987 00:53:28,560 --> 00:53:32,359 Speaker 1: Weatherman and a Black Panther rally in Chicago, which is, yeah, 988 00:53:32,400 --> 00:53:34,680 Speaker 1: it'sn't not bad, not necessarily bad. I think that news 989 00:53:34,680 --> 00:53:37,680 Speaker 1: cycle you're gonna you know, you're gonna dominate, You're going 990 00:53:37,719 --> 00:53:41,440 Speaker 1: to dominate in the news cycle. Yeah, maybe a very 991 00:53:41,480 --> 00:53:43,200 Speaker 1: busy year. It was a year to try that sort 992 00:53:43,239 --> 00:53:44,839 Speaker 1: of thing. You gotta give them that. So I'm gonna 993 00:53:44,880 --> 00:53:47,920 Speaker 1: quote from Patricia stein Off again, uh Seguin, which is 994 00:53:47,960 --> 00:53:51,120 Speaker 1: like was what like? The Red Army factions Japanese name 995 00:53:51,719 --> 00:53:54,799 Speaker 1: organized its fall uprisings with only slightly more secrecy than 996 00:53:54,840 --> 00:53:57,400 Speaker 1: it would have used for a public demonstration. Prior. Publicity 997 00:53:57,440 --> 00:53:59,600 Speaker 1: about the events prompted a series of riot police raids 998 00:53:59,640 --> 00:54:03,200 Speaker 1: on univer Firsty campuses, where local Sekegun chapters were stockpiling 999 00:54:03,239 --> 00:54:05,800 Speaker 1: poles and iron pipes for street fighting and glass bottles 1000 00:54:05,800 --> 00:54:09,160 Speaker 1: for making Molotov cocktails. The Osaka and Kyoto raids involved 1001 00:54:09,160 --> 00:54:11,640 Speaker 1: over two thousand riot police and resulted in nearly a 1002 00:54:11,680 --> 00:54:15,280 Speaker 1: hundred arrests and sixty four indictments. These raids contributed directly 1003 00:54:15,320 --> 00:54:18,120 Speaker 1: to a huge increase in student weaponry confiscated by police 1004 00:54:18,120 --> 00:54:20,560 Speaker 1: in the second half of nineteen sixty nine. In the end, 1005 00:54:20,640 --> 00:54:23,239 Speaker 1: the uprisings turned out to be relatively minor skirmishes in 1006 00:54:23,280 --> 00:54:25,919 Speaker 1: which secgun members ran around the streets throwing fire bombs 1007 00:54:25,960 --> 00:54:30,040 Speaker 1: at police stations. One area of sekigun innovation. Weaponry was 1008 00:54:30,080 --> 00:54:33,160 Speaker 1: handled secretly. From the beginning, Sakegon threatened publicly to use 1009 00:54:33,200 --> 00:54:36,080 Speaker 1: more powerful weapons, but the specific details were restricted to 1010 00:54:36,080 --> 00:54:39,280 Speaker 1: those directly involved. A small sake Gun research and development 1011 00:54:39,280 --> 00:54:42,600 Speaker 1: group composed of physics, chemistry, and medical students quickly invented 1012 00:54:42,640 --> 00:54:45,880 Speaker 1: a hand grenade made by packing dynamite, pachinko balls and 1013 00:54:45,920 --> 00:54:48,800 Speaker 1: a fuse into round metal containers in which Peace brand 1014 00:54:48,880 --> 00:54:52,000 Speaker 1: cigarettes are sold. Soon after, a more powerful hand grenade 1015 00:54:52,040 --> 00:54:54,240 Speaker 1: was devised, using a length of iron pipe as the casing. 1016 00:54:54,480 --> 00:54:56,920 Speaker 1: Both weapons were designed to be thrown with a lit fuse. 1017 00:54:57,280 --> 00:54:59,880 Speaker 1: Small groups of Sakegun members were taught the new technology 1018 00:55:00,080 --> 00:55:04,040 Speaker 1: manufactured the bombs as a cottage industry. Yeah, they they 1019 00:55:04,200 --> 00:55:06,960 Speaker 1: they get really going so and they I like that 1020 00:55:07,080 --> 00:55:10,080 Speaker 1: there's a specific brand of cigarettes where they're like, this 1021 00:55:10,160 --> 00:55:14,200 Speaker 1: is this is the grenade. Brandy called him Peace bombs. Yeah, Yeah, 1022 00:55:14,280 --> 00:55:16,480 Speaker 1: they did, and if I don't know, If you don't, 1023 00:55:16,480 --> 00:55:17,759 Speaker 1: this won't mean much if you don't know a lot 1024 00:55:17,760 --> 00:55:20,000 Speaker 1: about Japan. But if you know Japan, the fact that 1025 00:55:20,000 --> 00:55:22,399 Speaker 1: their grenades had pachinko balls in them is the most 1026 00:55:22,520 --> 00:55:25,920 Speaker 1: Japanese thing they could have possibly done. Like that's um, 1027 00:55:25,920 --> 00:55:28,400 Speaker 1: it's uh, it's like what it's like, you know what 1028 00:55:28,480 --> 00:55:30,560 Speaker 1: old people in America do when they go to gamble 1029 00:55:30,600 --> 00:55:33,719 Speaker 1: in vegas, like Pachinko's that, but like countrywide, it's just 1030 00:55:33,760 --> 00:55:36,160 Speaker 1: like a it's like a it's like a like a 1031 00:55:37,040 --> 00:55:38,719 Speaker 1: I don't know how to describe it. If they've never 1032 00:55:38,719 --> 00:55:41,920 Speaker 1: seen people play pachinko. Yeah, it's kind of like beingo. Um, 1033 00:55:42,000 --> 00:55:43,600 Speaker 1: it's kind of like bingo, and they use it to 1034 00:55:43,640 --> 00:55:47,160 Speaker 1: make grenades, which is very fun. Yeah. So, whatever else 1035 00:55:47,160 --> 00:55:49,120 Speaker 1: you can say about the Japanese Red Army, they didn't 1036 00:55:49,120 --> 00:55:52,400 Speaker 1: act lack Kutzba Shiomi, the leader and his top officers 1037 00:55:52,480 --> 00:55:55,000 Speaker 1: next launched a plan to raid the Prime Minister's home 1038 00:55:55,160 --> 00:55:57,080 Speaker 1: and kidnap him in the dead of night in order 1039 00:55:57,120 --> 00:55:59,200 Speaker 1: to stop him from reading meeting with Richard Nixon and 1040 00:55:59,239 --> 00:56:02,520 Speaker 1: finalizing the are in of Okinawa to Japan. This action 1041 00:56:02,600 --> 00:56:04,800 Speaker 1: was disguised as a mass training event in the mountains 1042 00:56:04,800 --> 00:56:09,040 Speaker 1: where members would learn to use explosive steering assaults. Now sorry, 1043 00:56:08,600 --> 00:56:13,680 Speaker 1: they disguised their plan to kidnap the prime minister as 1044 00:56:14,440 --> 00:56:17,520 Speaker 1: we an organization that has repeatedly said that we are 1045 00:56:17,520 --> 00:56:20,160 Speaker 1: going to violently overthrow the government. Are going to get 1046 00:56:20,160 --> 00:56:22,680 Speaker 1: all our people together up in the mountains to practice 1047 00:56:22,760 --> 00:56:26,640 Speaker 1: making bums our cover story. Have you noted an error 1048 00:56:26,680 --> 00:56:30,080 Speaker 1: in in their thinking, a tactical shortcoming. I have not, 1049 00:56:30,480 --> 00:56:33,160 Speaker 1: but I'm excited to see how it goes. And everyone 1050 00:56:33,280 --> 00:56:35,759 Speaker 1: was like, you should go do that. That seems like 1051 00:56:35,800 --> 00:56:38,040 Speaker 1: a really good plan. The way you'll be out of 1052 00:56:38,080 --> 00:56:40,359 Speaker 1: the way during what and and this was in nine 1053 00:56:40,680 --> 00:56:46,640 Speaker 1: sixty nine. I think I can't imagine that less than 1054 00:56:47,280 --> 00:56:50,680 Speaker 1: you know, less than thirty years out from World War Two, 1055 00:56:51,200 --> 00:56:54,000 Speaker 1: the Japanese government is going to have any problem with 1056 00:56:54,040 --> 00:56:56,759 Speaker 1: this whatsoever. Well, you're going to be shocked then, because 1057 00:56:56,760 --> 00:57:00,520 Speaker 1: they send hundreds of riots police to bust their loss 1058 00:57:00,520 --> 00:57:05,479 Speaker 1: training drill um and enough Uh enough of the group 1059 00:57:05,480 --> 00:57:08,320 Speaker 1: gets arrested at this point that the Red Army goes underground. 1060 00:57:08,560 --> 00:57:11,120 Speaker 1: Their founder himself got arrested and he lost control of 1061 00:57:11,160 --> 00:57:13,959 Speaker 1: the movement. Shortly thereafter, uh and I'm gonna continue quoting 1062 00:57:14,000 --> 00:57:16,760 Speaker 1: from that right up in Unseen Japan here. Ironically, the 1063 00:57:16,800 --> 00:57:19,640 Speaker 1: discovered materials reveal that the Red Army faction had functioned 1064 00:57:19,640 --> 00:57:22,959 Speaker 1: on higher on a hierarchical structure that was anything but revolutionary. 1065 00:57:23,200 --> 00:57:25,760 Speaker 1: Those from the most elite universities, such as Tokyo or 1066 00:57:25,760 --> 00:57:29,000 Speaker 1: Meiji were selected for the highest level of authority. Secondary 1067 00:57:29,000 --> 00:57:31,360 Speaker 1: authority went to those from major public universities, with the 1068 00:57:31,400 --> 00:57:34,840 Speaker 1: next level being local establishments, those without a college education 1069 00:57:34,960 --> 00:57:36,960 Speaker 1: or those who were in vocational school or high school 1070 00:57:37,080 --> 00:57:39,760 Speaker 1: with the grunts of the organization. So this is like 1071 00:57:39,920 --> 00:57:45,440 Speaker 1: such typical like yeah, business firm, company man, bullshit, Like 1072 00:57:45,560 --> 00:57:47,800 Speaker 1: I don't know, you went to a state school, so 1073 00:57:47,840 --> 00:57:51,480 Speaker 1: you get for violent communist insurrection. And you can tell 1074 00:57:51,560 --> 00:57:53,520 Speaker 1: that like the people who went to those good schools 1075 00:57:53,520 --> 00:57:56,720 Speaker 1: are the ones capable of making the really important good decisions, 1076 00:57:57,040 --> 00:58:00,480 Speaker 1: like to disguise kidnapping the Prime Minister as an legal 1077 00:58:00,520 --> 00:58:06,080 Speaker 1: bomb building party. Look, when I went to my elite university, 1078 00:58:06,400 --> 00:58:09,000 Speaker 1: we did an entire class, and how the Prime Minister 1079 00:58:09,080 --> 00:58:11,400 Speaker 1: doesn't care if you say you're going to make bombs 1080 00:58:11,440 --> 00:58:14,800 Speaker 1: for a massive insurrection. Now, you did go to Brown 1081 00:58:17,280 --> 00:58:19,720 Speaker 1: so I mean I'm just gonna put out there, considering 1082 00:58:19,760 --> 00:58:22,280 Speaker 1: that you went to a fancier college than I went to. 1083 00:58:23,120 --> 00:58:25,560 Speaker 1: I get to be in charge of the communist insurrection, 1084 00:58:25,600 --> 00:58:28,400 Speaker 1: and you have to be a lieutenant. Get because I 1085 00:58:28,480 --> 00:58:31,720 Speaker 1: dropped out of college. But you definitely recount to me 1086 00:58:32,440 --> 00:58:35,760 Speaker 1: way more ridiculous conversations with people you went to college with, 1087 00:58:35,880 --> 00:58:39,960 Speaker 1: as though they were normal. I'm sure that's true, and 1088 00:58:40,000 --> 00:58:42,520 Speaker 1: I am equally sure that I have been so broken 1089 00:58:42,560 --> 00:58:45,080 Speaker 1: by higher education that I don't know which conversations you're 1090 00:58:45,080 --> 00:58:51,560 Speaker 1: talking about. Good country, consistent. We all. So, as time 1091 00:58:51,600 --> 00:58:53,840 Speaker 1: went on, the Red Army drew in smaller and smaller 1092 00:58:53,920 --> 00:58:56,760 Speaker 1: numbers of very committed communists. Those who were left after 1093 00:58:56,760 --> 00:58:59,439 Speaker 1: the disastrous raid attempt were desperate to carry off something 1094 00:58:59,440 --> 00:59:02,000 Speaker 1: big and so successful to wash away the townership defeat. 1095 00:59:02,240 --> 00:59:04,640 Speaker 1: So they launched another series of bank robberies. And these 1096 00:59:04,640 --> 00:59:07,080 Speaker 1: weren't the haphazard affairs from earlier in their history, but 1097 00:59:07,120 --> 00:59:10,800 Speaker 1: actually well planned actions whose perpetrators would like switch multiple 1098 00:59:10,840 --> 00:59:13,200 Speaker 1: train lines as they fled and disappeared into these networks 1099 00:59:13,200 --> 00:59:16,520 Speaker 1: of safe houses. Uh. They they they kind of like 1100 00:59:16,600 --> 00:59:19,680 Speaker 1: stuck the landing after a real bad, real bad I 1101 00:59:19,720 --> 00:59:22,520 Speaker 1: don't know, I don't know enough about gymnastics. The Red 1102 00:59:22,600 --> 00:59:24,640 Speaker 1: Army kept a careful watching the police, you know, whenever 1103 00:59:24,640 --> 00:59:26,440 Speaker 1: the law caught onto one of their properties, and they 1104 00:59:26,440 --> 00:59:28,840 Speaker 1: would like became famous for like right as the police 1105 00:59:28,840 --> 00:59:31,400 Speaker 1: were about to raid them, they would like close out 1106 00:59:31,400 --> 00:59:32,920 Speaker 1: their lease and leave and they would just be the 1107 00:59:33,000 --> 00:59:38,400 Speaker 1: spotless apartment behind and they they yeah, that's like if 1108 00:59:38,400 --> 00:59:42,280 Speaker 1: you've if you've seen the departed, then like that's the 1109 00:59:42,760 --> 00:59:45,760 Speaker 1: little booties on your shoes at the end of just 1110 00:59:45,760 --> 00:59:49,200 Speaker 1: just nailing it. Yeah, like we were so ready for 1111 00:59:49,320 --> 00:59:53,920 Speaker 1: the fact that we cleaned. Yeah. Um so yeah. The 1112 00:59:53,960 --> 00:59:57,080 Speaker 1: switching tactics actually enraged most of the imprisoned founders of 1113 00:59:57,120 --> 00:59:59,760 Speaker 1: the group, which saw theft that harmed normal working people 1114 00:59:59,840 --> 01:00:04,600 Speaker 1: is and a revolutionary But the remaining but I don't 1115 01:00:04,600 --> 01:00:06,040 Speaker 1: know if their banks were, like I don't know what 1116 01:00:06,040 --> 01:00:09,920 Speaker 1: any Japanese banking this is. They don't have. This is 1117 01:00:09,960 --> 01:00:12,040 Speaker 1: the issue that people had that like that some of 1118 01:00:12,040 --> 01:00:14,840 Speaker 1: the imprisoned founders had. Maybe the imprisoned founder should have 1119 01:00:14,840 --> 01:00:17,520 Speaker 1: advocated for the fdi C in Japan and then they 1120 01:00:17,560 --> 01:00:20,800 Speaker 1: could have been fine. I don't know. So the remaining 1121 01:00:20,800 --> 01:00:22,400 Speaker 1: free members of the Red Army saw it more as 1122 01:00:22,440 --> 01:00:24,400 Speaker 1: a question of survival. They used the money to buy 1123 01:00:24,400 --> 01:00:27,240 Speaker 1: samurai swords and pipe bombs and plane tickets for nine 1124 01:00:27,280 --> 01:00:30,680 Speaker 1: men on a March thirtieth, nineteen seventy flight from Tokyo 1125 01:00:30,720 --> 01:00:33,840 Speaker 1: to Fukoa. I realized, but you did just say a 1126 01:00:34,040 --> 01:00:37,160 Speaker 1: matter of survival and then moved straight to samurai swords 1127 01:00:37,160 --> 01:00:41,480 Speaker 1: and pipe bombs, which having taught the necessities, having having 1128 01:00:41,480 --> 01:00:44,360 Speaker 1: taught something about survival over the course of my life, 1129 01:00:44,360 --> 01:00:47,000 Speaker 1: and I understand that, Yeah, you're going out in the woods, 1130 01:00:47,080 --> 01:00:50,280 Speaker 1: first thing, you need samurai swords and pipe well, yeah, yeah, yeah, 1131 01:00:50,320 --> 01:00:52,880 Speaker 1: that's how how else are you gonna start a fire? Right? 1132 01:00:53,520 --> 01:00:55,680 Speaker 1: And are you gonna hunt that rabbit without a samurai sword? 1133 01:00:55,880 --> 01:00:57,240 Speaker 1: I thought you were going to hunt it with the pipe. 1134 01:00:57,480 --> 01:01:02,000 Speaker 1: You can hunt anything with whatever. That's the beauty hunting. Um. 1135 01:01:02,080 --> 01:01:04,920 Speaker 1: So yeah, they buy, they buy tickets for this flight 1136 01:01:05,000 --> 01:01:08,040 Speaker 1: to Focca, And as soon as the plane reaches cruising altitude, 1137 01:01:08,200 --> 01:01:10,480 Speaker 1: the members of the Red Army stood up and grabbed 1138 01:01:10,520 --> 01:01:12,840 Speaker 1: the weird tube, blank pieces of luggage they all stowed 1139 01:01:12,920 --> 01:01:17,920 Speaker 1: under their seats. Uh, and they pull out samurai swords. 1140 01:01:16,440 --> 01:01:22,120 Speaker 1: I thought it was just really starts searching things. But 1141 01:01:22,360 --> 01:01:27,840 Speaker 1: at least one time, under no circumstances should we search things, 1142 01:01:27,880 --> 01:01:33,920 Speaker 1: because that way lies totalitarianism. People will get angry, unlike 1143 01:01:33,960 --> 01:01:38,520 Speaker 1: these nice young men with other tubes, Let me help you, sir. 1144 01:01:40,680 --> 01:01:43,280 Speaker 1: So they pull out samurai swords and bombs, and their 1145 01:01:43,360 --> 01:01:46,480 Speaker 1: leaders screams to the other passengers, raise your hands. We're 1146 01:01:46,480 --> 01:01:49,560 Speaker 1: going to North Korea, which is not what you want 1147 01:01:49,560 --> 01:01:54,280 Speaker 1: to hear on a flight. So in in nineteen this 1148 01:01:54,360 --> 01:01:59,720 Speaker 1: is yah, I think seven is we're going to North 1149 01:01:59,800 --> 01:02:03,320 Speaker 1: Korea as bad a thing to hear in seventy as 1150 01:02:03,360 --> 01:02:06,520 Speaker 1: it is, it's not a great thing to hear. Okay, 1151 01:02:06,680 --> 01:02:08,400 Speaker 1: that's not a great thing to hear, not as bad 1152 01:02:08,440 --> 01:02:10,800 Speaker 1: for sure. I think that like the mass starvation and 1153 01:02:10,800 --> 01:02:15,040 Speaker 1: stuff hadn't really be still around. This is actually kind 1154 01:02:15,040 --> 01:02:16,800 Speaker 1: of like what a lot of North Koreans would call 1155 01:02:16,840 --> 01:02:18,880 Speaker 1: like a Golden Age sort of period, so like it 1156 01:02:19,080 --> 01:02:23,400 Speaker 1: had many tracked any of this people from Japan, part 1157 01:02:23,400 --> 01:02:26,400 Speaker 1: of the Korean diaspora that was in Japan, not that 1158 01:02:26,480 --> 01:02:29,800 Speaker 1: I'm aware of, no, Yeah, but I you know maybe, 1159 01:02:30,280 --> 01:02:33,080 Speaker 1: um but I think these are all like specifically kind 1160 01:02:33,080 --> 01:02:36,720 Speaker 1: of like Japanese middle class and upper middle class kids. Um. 1161 01:02:36,960 --> 01:02:39,960 Speaker 1: So the problem and problem immediately arose as soon as 1162 01:02:40,000 --> 01:02:42,480 Speaker 1: they announced that the destination was North Korea, which is 1163 01:02:42,520 --> 01:02:44,640 Speaker 1: that the flight didn't have the fuel necessary to reach 1164 01:02:44,680 --> 01:02:49,200 Speaker 1: North Korea. I mean details. Yeah, the pilot pointed this out, 1165 01:02:49,240 --> 01:02:51,360 Speaker 1: and he convinced the skyjackers to let him land as 1166 01:02:51,360 --> 01:02:54,320 Speaker 1: scheduled and refueled. They took this bait, and of course 1167 01:02:54,360 --> 01:02:56,000 Speaker 1: the police had a shipload of people in the tarmac 1168 01:02:56,040 --> 01:02:57,960 Speaker 1: there to meet them. H. So there's a bunch of 1169 01:02:57,960 --> 01:03:02,000 Speaker 1: tense conversations, uh and a you're like negotiations. They released 1170 01:03:02,000 --> 01:03:05,280 Speaker 1: twenty three people from the plane, women, children and the elderly, 1171 01:03:05,560 --> 01:03:08,960 Speaker 1: and then the flight takes off again. Um, and the 1172 01:03:08,960 --> 01:03:12,400 Speaker 1: pilot starts getting like navigational instructions from a source that's 1173 01:03:12,440 --> 01:03:15,320 Speaker 1: like loudly claiming to be from Pyongyang, and so he 1174 01:03:15,440 --> 01:03:18,439 Speaker 1: lands the plane again in what is supposed to look 1175 01:03:18,480 --> 01:03:20,640 Speaker 1: like the North Korean tarmac with like a bunch of 1176 01:03:20,640 --> 01:03:24,040 Speaker 1: soldiers in North Korean uniform. It's a fake airport that 1177 01:03:24,080 --> 01:03:28,160 Speaker 1: the Japanese very quickly threw together, which so after the 1178 01:03:28,280 --> 01:03:34,840 Speaker 1: US is like, no, we can't depend which says everything. Yeah, 1179 01:03:34,960 --> 01:03:38,080 Speaker 1: we could have just had a fake Havannah airport in 1180 01:03:38,160 --> 01:03:42,000 Speaker 1: Miami instead of the t s antly. We could have 1181 01:03:42,040 --> 01:03:47,120 Speaker 1: had the normal Miami airport look like the Havannah airport. 1182 01:03:47,440 --> 01:03:51,000 Speaker 1: Just Miami lives under Cuba law now, like whether or 1183 01:03:51,000 --> 01:03:53,320 Speaker 1: not Cuba wants it, and the US is washing its 1184 01:03:53,320 --> 01:03:56,560 Speaker 1: hands of the matter. Let's see what happens. Um. So 1185 01:03:56,560 --> 01:03:58,800 Speaker 1: the Japan builds an airport in an hour. Yeah, they 1186 01:03:58,800 --> 01:04:04,400 Speaker 1: built a fake airport real quickly. Um. And yeah, it's 1187 01:04:04,480 --> 01:04:07,880 Speaker 1: pretty good they're fake airport. But they forget to cover 1188 01:04:08,000 --> 01:04:12,320 Speaker 1: up the tail markings of a Northwest Airlines flight. Um. Yeah, 1189 01:04:12,440 --> 01:04:16,960 Speaker 1: so the hijackers Northwest Airlines not flying. You know, they 1190 01:04:17,000 --> 01:04:18,960 Speaker 1: didn't do a lot of not a lot of not 1191 01:04:19,000 --> 01:04:22,240 Speaker 1: a lot of Seattle to Pyongyang flights at this point. 1192 01:04:22,520 --> 01:04:24,160 Speaker 1: You know, it's a big it's a big route now. 1193 01:04:24,240 --> 01:04:26,360 Speaker 1: But if it had just been Panama, everything would have 1194 01:04:26,400 --> 01:04:32,640 Speaker 1: been fun. Yeah. Um. So yeah, the hijackers realize something 1195 01:04:32,680 --> 01:04:36,440 Speaker 1: is wrong because they're pretty smart cookies. Um and yeah, 1196 01:04:36,520 --> 01:04:38,800 Speaker 1: they refused to let anyone leave the plane before the 1197 01:04:38,800 --> 01:04:41,960 Speaker 1: airport officials show them a massive portrait of Kim Il sung, 1198 01:04:42,000 --> 01:04:43,560 Speaker 1: like they demand to see. We want to see the 1199 01:04:43,560 --> 01:04:46,520 Speaker 1: biggest fucking portrait of Kimmel Song you have, because there's 1200 01:04:46,560 --> 01:04:48,880 Speaker 1: no way that a big picture of the leader of 1201 01:04:48,880 --> 01:04:52,080 Speaker 1: North Korea could possibly exist outside of North Korea. I 1202 01:04:52,080 --> 01:04:53,480 Speaker 1: think more of what it was is that there's no 1203 01:04:53,520 --> 01:04:56,120 Speaker 1: way that a picture big enough for it to like 1204 01:04:56,360 --> 01:04:57,960 Speaker 1: I think they all knew that, Like if if we 1205 01:04:58,000 --> 01:05:00,440 Speaker 1: say a big picture of Kim Il sung in picture 1206 01:05:00,640 --> 01:05:03,040 Speaker 1: they bring out if this isn't North Korea, isn't gonna 1207 01:05:03,080 --> 01:05:05,840 Speaker 1: be big enough to believably be what North Korean. So 1208 01:05:06,040 --> 01:05:11,760 Speaker 1: you want the big picture, it's gonna take. It's actually 1209 01:05:11,760 --> 01:05:14,000 Speaker 1: a pretty smart thing to do because they're gonna bring 1210 01:05:14,040 --> 01:05:16,200 Speaker 1: out like what normal people would think is a big 1211 01:05:16,200 --> 01:05:18,920 Speaker 1: picture maybe, and anyone who knows anything about North Korea's 1212 01:05:18,920 --> 01:05:21,280 Speaker 1: gonna be like, that's not a big picture. If Kim suck, 1213 01:05:22,040 --> 01:05:28,000 Speaker 1: that's we're not flying right. Yeah. Yeah, it's actually a 1214 01:05:28,000 --> 01:05:32,400 Speaker 1: pretty smart move. Um. So yeah, they they realize what's 1215 01:05:32,440 --> 01:05:35,320 Speaker 1: happening and they refuse to let the passengers off. Um. 1216 01:05:35,720 --> 01:05:38,240 Speaker 1: And yeah. So eventually the Japanese government is forced to 1217 01:05:38,280 --> 01:05:40,440 Speaker 1: compromise with him, and it's actually like kind of an 1218 01:05:40,480 --> 01:05:44,040 Speaker 1: impressive compromise, like this is the one member of government 1219 01:05:44,880 --> 01:05:48,240 Speaker 1: maybe ever that I'm I'm I'm proud of Japan's Vice 1220 01:05:48,280 --> 01:05:50,720 Speaker 1: Minister of Transportation comes out and he's like, what have 1221 01:05:50,800 --> 01:05:53,360 Speaker 1: you let everybody else off? And you just take me 1222 01:05:53,960 --> 01:05:57,000 Speaker 1: prisoner and you fly me to North Korea. Um. And 1223 01:05:57,200 --> 01:06:00,919 Speaker 1: the hijackers are like sure. Uh and that's a good 1224 01:06:00,920 --> 01:06:03,960 Speaker 1: thing to do. You say, a politician putting themselves on 1225 01:06:04,000 --> 01:06:08,280 Speaker 1: the line in the constituents, Yeah, it happened once. Well, 1226 01:06:08,640 --> 01:06:13,000 Speaker 1: this exact time is the one tis well that in 1227 01:06:13,040 --> 01:06:17,400 Speaker 1: the Jonestown Congressman. Yeah, yeah, well there's you also said 1228 01:06:17,440 --> 01:06:19,760 Speaker 1: this is the guy who's in charge of transfer, vice 1229 01:06:19,800 --> 01:06:23,040 Speaker 1: Minister for transportation. So he's also like, this is my 1230 01:06:23,400 --> 01:06:30,520 Speaker 1: this is my duty. Yeah, that's better. Yeah and yeah, 1231 01:06:30,600 --> 01:06:32,240 Speaker 1: and to their credit, the Red Army guys are like, 1232 01:06:32,320 --> 01:06:35,600 Speaker 1: oh yeah, that works great. Um. And so yeah they 1233 01:06:35,600 --> 01:06:38,680 Speaker 1: all fly to North Korea. Um. Didn't did Harrison Ford 1234 01:06:38,720 --> 01:06:41,040 Speaker 1: do that in that movie where he was the president? Yes? 1235 01:06:41,560 --> 01:06:43,600 Speaker 1: This was actually he did that during the period of 1236 01:06:43,600 --> 01:06:46,120 Speaker 1: time where he was the vice Minister of Transportation for Japan. 1237 01:06:46,480 --> 01:06:48,640 Speaker 1: That's what I remember about that movie. There's an entire 1238 01:06:48,640 --> 01:06:52,280 Speaker 1: problematic anthropology book about this about Harrison Ford being the 1239 01:06:52,360 --> 01:06:55,640 Speaker 1: vice Minister of because that was why so many Japanese 1240 01:06:55,640 --> 01:07:00,280 Speaker 1: planes crashed that Okay, Um, Harrison, he's not a good pilot. No, 1241 01:07:00,440 --> 01:07:04,400 Speaker 1: he's terrible. He's one of the worst. Um So, Yeah, 1242 01:07:04,600 --> 01:07:08,000 Speaker 1: the Red Army, Uh, they succeed. It's a big caper, 1243 01:07:08,000 --> 01:07:10,000 Speaker 1: it's big international news. They jack a plane and take 1244 01:07:10,000 --> 01:07:15,120 Speaker 1: it to North Korea makes it sound real whimsical. Now 1245 01:07:15,800 --> 01:07:18,560 Speaker 1: they're pretty much all miserable in North Korea. So the 1246 01:07:18,880 --> 01:07:22,240 Speaker 1: like there. The North Korean government didn't really want them, 1247 01:07:22,320 --> 01:07:25,320 Speaker 1: because again North Korea doesn't really trust people who hijack 1248 01:07:25,360 --> 01:07:28,680 Speaker 1: planes are from not North Korea, are from not North Korea, 1249 01:07:28,920 --> 01:07:34,600 Speaker 1: or are from North Korea. Um And the hijackers, like 1250 01:07:34,680 --> 01:07:36,280 Speaker 1: a lot of them wound up wanting to return to 1251 01:07:36,360 --> 01:07:38,800 Speaker 1: like they all kind of they all wanted initially to 1252 01:07:39,040 --> 01:07:41,280 Speaker 1: return to Japan. Like their goal was to get arms 1253 01:07:41,280 --> 01:07:43,920 Speaker 1: in military training from the North Korean military and then 1254 01:07:43,960 --> 01:07:47,280 Speaker 1: fly back and launch an insurgency. And North Korea was like, 1255 01:07:47,440 --> 01:07:51,080 Speaker 1: we have all these surplus resources which we will give 1256 01:07:51,160 --> 01:07:53,400 Speaker 1: to you to take out of the country. Yes, have 1257 01:07:53,560 --> 01:07:55,680 Speaker 1: you met us, We're North Korea, We're in North Korea. 1258 01:07:55,760 --> 01:07:59,240 Speaker 1: We love to do this. Um So, North Korea didn't 1259 01:07:59,280 --> 01:08:02,200 Speaker 1: really like the idea of giving these guys military training, 1260 01:08:02,200 --> 01:08:04,680 Speaker 1: and they keep telling them maybe later. Um and a 1261 01:08:04,680 --> 01:08:07,320 Speaker 1: bunch of These dudes wound up in Japan decades later, 1262 01:08:07,360 --> 01:08:09,120 Speaker 1: so they gave interviews and stuff, and I found a 1263 01:08:09,200 --> 01:08:12,960 Speaker 1: really funny article about their experiences. Here's one guy abe 1264 01:08:13,040 --> 01:08:15,720 Speaker 1: Kimi Hero discussing their desire to be trained as soldiers 1265 01:08:15,720 --> 01:08:19,559 Speaker 1: in how North Korea responded, quote, military training, military training, 1266 01:08:19,600 --> 01:08:22,360 Speaker 1: always military training. If we didn't get military training, then 1267 01:08:22,360 --> 01:08:24,240 Speaker 1: we had no reason for coming. Because one of our 1268 01:08:24,240 --> 01:08:27,040 Speaker 1: motives for coming to North Korea was to receive military training. 1269 01:08:27,040 --> 01:08:29,720 Speaker 1: Our daily routine also included running in the mornings. It 1270 01:08:29,760 --> 01:08:31,840 Speaker 1: felt very good to run in the fresh early morning air, 1271 01:08:31,880 --> 01:08:34,040 Speaker 1: far away from the city. We agreed that we shouldn't 1272 01:08:34,080 --> 01:08:36,120 Speaker 1: just run but what but we should run in the 1273 01:08:36,120 --> 01:08:38,600 Speaker 1: spirit of activism. So we shattered the still of the 1274 01:08:38,640 --> 01:08:41,200 Speaker 1: early Korean mornings by shouting our Red Army slogan of 1275 01:08:41,439 --> 01:08:45,160 Speaker 1: achieved the uprising victory in war. However, they were immediately 1276 01:08:45,200 --> 01:08:47,680 Speaker 1: obliged to stop this demonstration. They received a message from 1277 01:08:47,680 --> 01:08:49,479 Speaker 1: the Workers Party, you can be heard in all the 1278 01:08:49,479 --> 01:08:52,679 Speaker 1: neighboring farms. Wouldn't be best if you stopped shouting your slogan. 1279 01:08:53,080 --> 01:08:56,320 Speaker 1: So like North Korea is like okay, guys, we get 1280 01:08:57,680 --> 01:09:00,800 Speaker 1: but maybe not um And they're all so like the 1281 01:09:00,840 --> 01:09:03,880 Speaker 1: Red Army again, their their whole thing is simultaneous worldwide 1282 01:09:03,920 --> 01:09:07,320 Speaker 1: revolution and North Korea's get their own things. That's very 1283 01:09:07,320 --> 01:09:09,439 Speaker 1: different from that, which is we have a sort of 1284 01:09:09,479 --> 01:09:14,880 Speaker 1: semi yea. They seek to be completely autonomous. Yeah, that 1285 01:09:15,000 --> 01:09:19,400 Speaker 1: like jucha stuff. So considered leaving us the funk alone? Yeah, 1286 01:09:19,680 --> 01:09:25,439 Speaker 1: we would like, well said, they have all these guys shouting, 1287 01:09:25,840 --> 01:09:29,360 Speaker 1: So what they do is they forcibly indoctrinate them for 1288 01:09:29,520 --> 01:09:33,160 Speaker 1: years until they all agree that jucha is the way 1289 01:09:33,160 --> 01:09:36,400 Speaker 1: to go. Fortunately, I have never heard anything bad about 1290 01:09:36,400 --> 01:09:40,280 Speaker 1: the detention facilities in North Korea. It was fine for 1291 01:09:40,320 --> 01:09:44,120 Speaker 1: those guys. Two of them were trying killed trying to flee. Um. Yeah. 1292 01:09:44,200 --> 01:09:46,680 Speaker 1: And a couple of they'd stopped their training, running every 1293 01:09:46,760 --> 01:09:50,240 Speaker 1: day yeah uh yeah. And if a couple others made 1294 01:09:50,240 --> 01:09:52,839 Speaker 1: it out under the guys of continuing the revolutionary activity, 1295 01:09:53,400 --> 01:09:55,760 Speaker 1: four members remained in North Korea, where they spent years 1296 01:09:55,840 --> 01:09:59,280 Speaker 1: faking a conversion to Juche philosophy. UM. In two this 1297 01:09:59,439 --> 01:10:01,759 Speaker 1: and four they announced their desire to return to Japan. 1298 01:10:02,360 --> 01:10:05,799 Speaker 1: Um And yeah, it's it's a it's not a perfect 1299 01:10:05,840 --> 01:10:08,240 Speaker 1: story and pretty good hijacking. I do like that, you said, 1300 01:10:08,520 --> 01:10:12,000 Speaker 1: spent years faking their conversion to juj philosophy, which puts 1301 01:10:12,040 --> 01:10:14,800 Speaker 1: them in good company from what I understand with most 1302 01:10:14,880 --> 01:10:19,000 Speaker 1: people in North Korea. Yeah yeah, uh so you know 1303 01:10:19,040 --> 01:10:22,559 Speaker 1: who doesn't fake their commitment to the ideas of Kim 1304 01:10:22,560 --> 01:10:27,360 Speaker 1: Il Sung? I could it possibly be products? It is 1305 01:10:27,360 --> 01:10:31,680 Speaker 1: products and service. Yeah, this we're entirely supported by the 1306 01:10:31,680 --> 01:10:38,720 Speaker 1: North Korean defense industry. Yeah yeah, so, uh, I don't know, 1307 01:10:38,920 --> 01:10:47,840 Speaker 1: here's the ads. Uh, We're back. Oh my gosh, how 1308 01:10:47,840 --> 01:10:52,920 Speaker 1: good was that? That was all very silly, but it 1309 01:10:52,960 --> 01:10:54,920 Speaker 1: was a pretty good hijacking. And it shows that like 1310 01:10:55,160 --> 01:10:57,760 Speaker 1: there was some steel in the Japanese Red Army, right, 1311 01:10:57,760 --> 01:11:00,280 Speaker 1: Like they did some silly ship but like there's color. 1312 01:11:02,080 --> 01:11:04,800 Speaker 1: There's some hardcore motherfucker's in that group. Uh. And then 1313 01:11:04,840 --> 01:11:07,240 Speaker 1: they didn't all go to that plane caper. In fact, 1314 01:11:07,280 --> 01:11:09,639 Speaker 1: there were thousands and thousands of kids left over in Japan. 1315 01:11:09,920 --> 01:11:13,760 Speaker 1: Um and Yeah, the Red Army kind of splintered in 1316 01:11:13,800 --> 01:11:16,160 Speaker 1: the absence because like the folks who went to North Korea, 1317 01:11:16,160 --> 01:11:18,240 Speaker 1: a lot of them were like the intellectual leaders of 1318 01:11:18,240 --> 01:11:24,720 Speaker 1: the movement. UM and one fragment, yes, one fragment of 1319 01:11:24,760 --> 01:11:27,440 Speaker 1: the remaining movement decided to really commit to the international 1320 01:11:27,520 --> 01:11:30,360 Speaker 1: nature of their political philosophy. They fled to Lebanon, where 1321 01:11:30,360 --> 01:11:32,240 Speaker 1: they met up with members of the Popular Front for 1322 01:11:32,280 --> 01:11:35,559 Speaker 1: the Liberation of Palestine. UM. So, you know, for people 1323 01:11:35,560 --> 01:11:37,639 Speaker 1: who might not know as much about that history, we're 1324 01:11:37,640 --> 01:11:39,960 Speaker 1: not gonna do it nearly the justice that it deserves. 1325 01:11:40,000 --> 01:11:44,439 Speaker 1: But uh, you know, Israel became a thing. Uh. And 1326 01:11:44,960 --> 01:11:46,720 Speaker 1: kind of the term that's used to refer to that 1327 01:11:46,760 --> 01:11:50,479 Speaker 1: as the Nakba or catastrophe by the Palestinian people. Um. 1328 01:11:50,640 --> 01:11:53,120 Speaker 1: And that word refers to the refers to the forced 1329 01:11:53,160 --> 01:11:56,600 Speaker 1: expulsion of Palestinian people from the land that's now the 1330 01:11:56,680 --> 01:12:00,479 Speaker 1: nation of Israel, about seven eight hundred thousand people forced out. Um. 1331 01:12:00,560 --> 01:12:02,760 Speaker 1: And that had happened about twenty years ago at this point, right, 1332 01:12:02,800 --> 01:12:05,479 Speaker 1: So it's really fresh, and the revolutionary movement dedicated to 1333 01:12:05,479 --> 01:12:09,479 Speaker 1: taking it back is also really fresh. Um. There's no 1334 01:12:09,520 --> 01:12:12,240 Speaker 1: way to talk about this where I won't uh make 1335 01:12:12,280 --> 01:12:16,360 Speaker 1: a lot of people angry. UM. So I think I'm 1336 01:12:16,360 --> 01:12:17,920 Speaker 1: just gonna say, I think what was done to Palestines 1337 01:12:17,920 --> 01:12:20,200 Speaker 1: a real bummer. Uh. And a lot of Palestinians agreed, 1338 01:12:20,200 --> 01:12:22,599 Speaker 1: which is why they formed organizations like the Popular Front, 1339 01:12:22,800 --> 01:12:25,679 Speaker 1: which was a Marxist Leninist organization in addition to being 1340 01:12:25,920 --> 01:12:28,479 Speaker 1: you know, liberation and stuff. We'll talk more about them 1341 01:12:28,479 --> 01:12:31,040 Speaker 1: tomorrow because Carlos the Jackal is all real tied up 1342 01:12:31,040 --> 01:12:34,639 Speaker 1: in this ship. Um. But the Red Army here about 1343 01:12:34,760 --> 01:12:37,080 Speaker 1: like you know, they they they're paying attention to what's 1344 01:12:37,080 --> 01:12:39,880 Speaker 1: happening in Palestine. It's like a big cause, particularly on 1345 01:12:39,880 --> 01:12:42,400 Speaker 1: the international left at this point, and they're like, well, 1346 01:12:42,439 --> 01:12:45,760 Speaker 1: if we're gonna do this international revolution thing, here's a 1347 01:12:45,800 --> 01:12:48,400 Speaker 1: great place to do it. Like there's a bunch of 1348 01:12:48,400 --> 01:12:50,719 Speaker 1: other armed people. They all want us to go fight 1349 01:12:50,800 --> 01:12:53,479 Speaker 1: for them. Let's go leave Japan and go fight in 1350 01:12:53,520 --> 01:12:56,040 Speaker 1: the Middle East where the Japanese Red Army and that's 1351 01:12:56,040 --> 01:12:58,760 Speaker 1: what we're gonna do. And that's exactly what they do. Uh. 1352 01:12:58,800 --> 01:13:02,280 Speaker 1: They cannot see how this plan would go wrong at all. 1353 01:13:02,600 --> 01:13:06,920 Speaker 1: They're actually kind of great at it, actually going to 1354 01:13:07,000 --> 01:13:09,920 Speaker 1: say this is I don't yeah, I'm curious to see 1355 01:13:09,920 --> 01:13:12,439 Speaker 1: how this plays out. So they go and like unlike 1356 01:13:12,479 --> 01:13:15,840 Speaker 1: you know, North Korea, like the Popular Front is like 1357 01:13:15,920 --> 01:13:18,880 Speaker 1: we're fucking trained, you guys, we need like we're so 1358 01:13:18,920 --> 01:13:25,240 Speaker 1: short on people to go like Palestine, yeah, before like 1359 01:13:25,280 --> 01:13:27,760 Speaker 1: before the narc but Palestine is like the size of 1360 01:13:27,840 --> 01:13:32,080 Speaker 1: New Jersey. It's not giants. Yeah, they need if they're 1361 01:13:32,080 --> 01:13:34,680 Speaker 1: gonna need people, they need not actually a ton of 1362 01:13:34,680 --> 01:13:37,920 Speaker 1: people there. Yeah. And these communists, you know, the Japanese 1363 01:13:37,920 --> 01:13:40,240 Speaker 1: Red Army guys are all like really smart and really 1364 01:13:40,280 --> 01:13:42,719 Speaker 1: dedicated and like they so they might up been Lebanon 1365 01:13:43,120 --> 01:13:45,240 Speaker 1: and they get trained by the Popular Front and then 1366 01:13:45,280 --> 01:13:47,360 Speaker 1: they go out and they start they start doing shit. 1367 01:13:48,080 --> 01:13:50,639 Speaker 1: In May of nineteen seventy two, three Japanese Red Army 1368 01:13:50,720 --> 01:13:54,000 Speaker 1: members open fire with automatic rifles at the Tel Aviv airport. 1369 01:13:54,280 --> 01:13:57,000 Speaker 1: They fire at random, killing twenty four people in wounding 1370 01:13:57,080 --> 01:14:02,400 Speaker 1: seventy six. So not yeah, some pretty serious terrorism right 1371 01:14:02,400 --> 01:14:05,400 Speaker 1: out that fucking gate. It's also could you imagine how 1372 01:14:05,400 --> 01:14:07,320 Speaker 1: many planes they could have stolen with this? They could 1373 01:14:07,320 --> 01:14:08,920 Speaker 1: have stolen it, They could have stolen hundreds of plans 1374 01:14:08,960 --> 01:14:12,320 Speaker 1: with us three people when for ever, not great tactics there. 1375 01:14:13,160 --> 01:14:14,640 Speaker 1: I don't think that was their goal. I think it 1376 01:14:14,680 --> 01:14:17,360 Speaker 1: was more of of what we were, kind of modern terrorism. 1377 01:14:17,560 --> 01:14:21,799 Speaker 1: They're kind of like, more this is terrible terror instead 1378 01:14:21,800 --> 01:14:23,960 Speaker 1: of yeah, hey look we got a plane. And the 1379 01:14:24,040 --> 01:14:26,680 Speaker 1: Japanese Red Army went on to rack up like a 1380 01:14:26,720 --> 01:14:30,080 Speaker 1: pretty terrifying pedigree of violence over the course of the 1381 01:14:30,120 --> 01:14:33,480 Speaker 1: next few years. They seized foreign embassies, they hijacked aircraft, 1382 01:14:33,720 --> 01:14:37,600 Speaker 1: they massacred civilians, kidnapped form dignitaries. On several occasions, the 1383 01:14:37,600 --> 01:14:41,040 Speaker 1: government of Japan was forced to release imprisoned Red or 1384 01:14:41,240 --> 01:14:44,320 Speaker 1: Red Army members in order to free ransom captives. Um. 1385 01:14:44,360 --> 01:14:46,559 Speaker 1: And there's still some Red Army folks out there today, 1386 01:14:46,600 --> 01:14:48,720 Speaker 1: although they're all pretty old at this point and not 1387 01:14:48,880 --> 01:14:51,559 Speaker 1: super active. Um. But it would be fair to say 1388 01:14:51,600 --> 01:14:53,559 Speaker 1: that the chunk of the Japanese Red Army who went 1389 01:14:53,600 --> 01:14:58,040 Speaker 1: to Lebanon were like pretty terrifying people. Yeah, and we'll 1390 01:14:58,080 --> 01:15:00,519 Speaker 1: get we'll talk about them more tomorrow. But they're like 1391 01:15:00,560 --> 01:15:03,160 Speaker 1: a big deal in terrorism this time, Like the Japanese 1392 01:15:03,200 --> 01:15:08,160 Speaker 1: Red Army, Um, pretty scary motherfucker's outside of Japan. Now. 1393 01:15:08,880 --> 01:15:11,599 Speaker 1: The folks who remained behind in Japan, on the other hand, 1394 01:15:12,080 --> 01:15:15,920 Speaker 1: they less committed. No, they were actually more committed, but 1395 01:15:15,960 --> 01:15:20,880 Speaker 1: in a real dumb way. Yeah, we're gonna get like 1396 01:15:20,920 --> 01:15:24,800 Speaker 1: the dumbest. Some of these people abscribed to slightly different 1397 01:15:24,880 --> 01:15:27,679 Speaker 1: versions of communism than other versions of this and just 1398 01:15:27,680 --> 01:15:30,840 Speaker 1: just kind of imagine it being the B list. Yeah, yeah, 1399 01:15:30,920 --> 01:15:33,879 Speaker 1: you get your B list kids. So they're behind in Japan, 1400 01:15:34,439 --> 01:15:37,559 Speaker 1: and you know, they don't really have a leadership CADRA 1401 01:15:37,760 --> 01:15:40,080 Speaker 1: anymore because those people have all gone on to like 1402 01:15:40,240 --> 01:15:44,560 Speaker 1: do better things than you know, in hierarchical communist organizations 1403 01:15:44,600 --> 01:15:48,120 Speaker 1: do fine with leadership vacuums. Yeah, like really just great. 1404 01:15:48,280 --> 01:15:50,360 Speaker 1: So all of the leadership to the Red Army in 1405 01:15:50,439 --> 01:15:53,640 Speaker 1: Japan kind of falls on one dumb kid named Maurice Sunio. 1406 01:15:54,120 --> 01:15:56,479 Speaker 1: He was not a great master of communist political theory, 1407 01:15:56,720 --> 01:15:59,320 Speaker 1: nor was he an inspiring leader. Um, but he'd done 1408 01:15:59,360 --> 01:16:01,200 Speaker 1: his time, and once all of the cool people were 1409 01:16:01,240 --> 01:16:03,640 Speaker 1: arrested or in North Korea, he was just kind of 1410 01:16:03,680 --> 01:16:06,000 Speaker 1: the guy who was was there, so he just kind 1411 01:16:06,000 --> 01:16:09,599 Speaker 1: of aged into it like vice snority. Yeah. I mean, also, 1412 01:16:09,800 --> 01:16:13,439 Speaker 1: this doesn't bear any similarity to any other dictators or 1413 01:16:13,520 --> 01:16:15,920 Speaker 1: leaders that you have ever mentioned ever before. This is 1414 01:16:15,920 --> 01:16:18,760 Speaker 1: a thing that only these specific communists did, and no 1415 01:16:18,880 --> 01:16:22,200 Speaker 1: other groups or political preferences in history. You know, there's 1416 01:16:22,200 --> 01:16:24,240 Speaker 1: a lot to be said for standing quietly in the 1417 01:16:24,280 --> 01:16:27,160 Speaker 1: background and just letting everyone else go into the adventurous thing. 1418 01:16:27,200 --> 01:16:30,320 Speaker 1: Would call it taken to Kennedy. Yeah, um, I was 1419 01:16:30,360 --> 01:16:32,799 Speaker 1: speaking about the most recent Kennedy. He just lost his election, 1420 01:16:32,840 --> 01:16:35,519 Speaker 1: because that's true he was trying to do anyway, not 1421 01:16:35,600 --> 01:16:39,280 Speaker 1: the ones who got shot by Bernie Sanders. Um so, yeah, 1422 01:16:39,560 --> 01:16:43,040 Speaker 1: the did both of them. Yeah, oh I thought it 1423 01:16:43,080 --> 01:16:45,439 Speaker 1: was I thought it was just j Han sir Han, 1424 01:16:45,760 --> 01:16:48,800 Speaker 1: like same number of letters as Bernie pull off his 1425 01:16:48,840 --> 01:16:55,200 Speaker 1: face from Tom Cruise style. So uh yeah, the guys, Yeah, 1426 01:16:55,240 --> 01:16:57,920 Speaker 1: we're going to tell that this is probably honestly, probably 1427 01:16:57,960 --> 01:17:00,680 Speaker 1: the dumbest story in the history of terrorism. Um And 1428 01:17:00,760 --> 01:17:04,000 Speaker 1: that's that's hard because there's a lot of fun videos 1429 01:17:04,120 --> 01:17:08,120 Speaker 1: of like militant groups accidentally shooting each other and like, yeah, 1430 01:17:08,240 --> 01:17:11,479 Speaker 1: um so yeah, after all the smart people left. Yeah, 1431 01:17:11,520 --> 01:17:14,840 Speaker 1: Morey Suno winds up on top. I know, I know 1432 01:17:14,960 --> 01:17:17,040 Speaker 1: it's a different name, but I love that his name 1433 01:17:17,080 --> 01:17:20,040 Speaker 1: is Maury. Yeah, it is kind of funny. Um So, 1434 01:17:20,160 --> 01:17:22,240 Speaker 1: the Red Army at this point is the most wanted 1435 01:17:22,280 --> 01:17:25,080 Speaker 1: militant organization in Japan. Um So, Morey kind of has 1436 01:17:25,120 --> 01:17:27,240 Speaker 1: his work cut out for him. And again they go 1437 01:17:27,320 --> 01:17:30,080 Speaker 1: to the ground, carrying out small scale bombings and robberies 1438 01:17:30,120 --> 01:17:34,040 Speaker 1: and tiny isolated cells. This limits, this limited domestic focus 1439 01:17:34,080 --> 01:17:36,360 Speaker 1: causes a lot of grumbling within the ranks, as did 1440 01:17:36,400 --> 01:17:40,040 Speaker 1: Maury's undeserved ascent. There were vicious struggles within the organization, 1441 01:17:40,360 --> 01:17:42,880 Speaker 1: and those made some members leave and others flee to Lebanon. 1442 01:17:43,520 --> 01:17:45,640 Speaker 1: Morey knew the Red Army needed a new caper to 1443 01:17:45,720 --> 01:17:47,439 Speaker 1: keep their name in the news, so he hooked up 1444 01:17:47,439 --> 01:17:49,559 Speaker 1: with another radical group who had recently pulled off a 1445 01:17:49,640 --> 01:17:52,639 Speaker 1: daring gun store robbery, which obviously made the valuable because 1446 01:17:52,680 --> 01:17:55,120 Speaker 1: it's not real easy to find guns in Japan, so 1447 01:17:55,200 --> 01:17:58,160 Speaker 1: these kids have guns. Um. Also, it sounds like the 1448 01:17:58,200 --> 01:18:02,120 Speaker 1: start of a western, one of the sad western kind 1449 01:18:02,160 --> 01:18:05,880 Speaker 1: of Yeah, you get pretty good Quentin Tarantino movie out 1450 01:18:05,880 --> 01:18:09,800 Speaker 1: of this store. Um. So, yeah, they they hook up 1451 01:18:09,800 --> 01:18:11,920 Speaker 1: with this group that's just robbed a gun store because 1452 01:18:11,920 --> 01:18:13,720 Speaker 1: the Red Army has got like money and fame and 1453 01:18:13,720 --> 01:18:17,759 Speaker 1: this group has guns. Um. But both differential organizations differed 1454 01:18:17,800 --> 01:18:21,720 Speaker 1: significantly in their political beliefs um. So you know, it's 1455 01:18:21,760 --> 01:18:25,160 Speaker 1: not easy mashing them together. So the two groups formed 1456 01:18:25,160 --> 01:18:27,840 Speaker 1: an organization called the United Red Army. So like that's 1457 01:18:28,000 --> 01:18:31,120 Speaker 1: that's what happens when they merge. Um And the leader 1458 01:18:31,160 --> 01:18:33,040 Speaker 1: of this organization that had stolen the guns, a woman 1459 01:18:33,120 --> 01:18:37,640 Speaker 1: named Nagata Hiroku, becomes like co leader with this guy Mori. Um. 1460 01:18:37,720 --> 01:18:41,559 Speaker 1: So Nagata, who was just about as competent as Marie, 1461 01:18:41,680 --> 01:18:43,680 Speaker 1: knew that the right first move once she was in 1462 01:18:43,720 --> 01:18:46,240 Speaker 1: power was to order the brutal executions of two former 1463 01:18:46,320 --> 01:18:49,120 Speaker 1: members of her organization who had chosen to dessert. And 1464 01:18:49,160 --> 01:18:51,120 Speaker 1: dessert is a word here that means like go back 1465 01:18:51,120 --> 01:18:54,479 Speaker 1: to college. So they were like dragged out of their 1466 01:18:54,479 --> 01:18:57,360 Speaker 1: dormitories and strangled to death brutally by men and women 1467 01:18:57,360 --> 01:18:59,559 Speaker 1: who had once been their best friends. Then they were 1468 01:18:59,600 --> 01:19:02,880 Speaker 1: buried in shallow graves outside of town. Now when more 1469 01:19:03,080 --> 01:19:06,160 Speaker 1: hears about this, he gets jealous because he'd always been 1470 01:19:06,160 --> 01:19:09,439 Speaker 1: too jealous. It's not the word I expect. Okay, you know, 1471 01:19:09,600 --> 01:19:13,920 Speaker 1: if your organization joins with my organization and I go, 1472 01:19:14,560 --> 01:19:18,840 Speaker 1: oh good, in order to show how good our organizations 1473 01:19:18,880 --> 01:19:23,040 Speaker 1: are together, I'm going to have some deserters brutally murdered 1474 01:19:23,040 --> 01:19:25,759 Speaker 1: by their best friends. I appreciate you as a comrade, 1475 01:19:25,840 --> 01:19:27,120 Speaker 1: but I don't think I want to be in your 1476 01:19:27,200 --> 01:19:30,920 Speaker 1: organization anymore. And if you don't show that you're nearly 1477 01:19:31,000 --> 01:19:32,880 Speaker 1: as strong and powerful as me, I might not think 1478 01:19:32,920 --> 01:19:35,639 Speaker 1: that either. I might be about to take a trip 1479 01:19:35,680 --> 01:19:38,040 Speaker 1: to the United States and then slip a note under 1480 01:19:38,080 --> 01:19:39,960 Speaker 1: a plane door, so that we don't have to hang 1481 01:19:39,960 --> 01:19:43,559 Speaker 1: out anymore. I bet you that's not the choice he made, 1482 01:19:43,720 --> 01:19:47,000 Speaker 1: so well, no more. Actually this like he feels he'd 1483 01:19:47,040 --> 01:19:50,160 Speaker 1: never had the guts to have deserters executed. Um, but 1484 01:19:50,240 --> 01:19:52,800 Speaker 1: he now that a girl had kind of beat him 1485 01:19:52,800 --> 01:19:56,720 Speaker 1: to doing it, he decided he had to do something 1486 01:19:57,000 --> 01:19:59,720 Speaker 1: in order to like exert his power. He throws a 1487 01:20:00,040 --> 01:20:02,519 Speaker 1: leadership training camp for the top leaders of the new 1488 01:20:02,640 --> 01:20:05,800 Speaker 1: organized group. Camp. Don't go to that camp. It seems 1489 01:20:05,800 --> 01:20:07,519 Speaker 1: like a bad camp. It was a bad camp. So 1490 01:20:07,560 --> 01:20:09,240 Speaker 1: it was going to be like a leadership summit and 1491 01:20:09,280 --> 01:20:13,160 Speaker 1: a bonding experience for everybody, but most have already know like, yeah, 1492 01:20:13,160 --> 01:20:16,800 Speaker 1: I don't know any other context. Um. Most importantly, it 1493 01:20:16,840 --> 01:20:18,320 Speaker 1: was going to be a chance for Mori to flex 1494 01:20:18,360 --> 01:20:21,200 Speaker 1: his power on a captive audience by corrupting an essential 1495 01:20:21,200 --> 01:20:26,000 Speaker 1: tool of many leftist revolutionary groups, self criticism. Um. Yeah, 1496 01:20:26,000 --> 01:20:28,360 Speaker 1: I'm gonna quote here from a write up and unseen Japan. 1497 01:20:28,920 --> 01:20:31,160 Speaker 1: The sort of group self criticism Mori had in mind 1498 01:20:31,200 --> 01:20:33,960 Speaker 1: has long been practiced by various Japanese corporations and has 1499 01:20:33,960 --> 01:20:37,080 Speaker 1: become quite common among Japanese. Amongst Japanese new left groups 1500 01:20:37,160 --> 01:20:40,760 Speaker 1: who called the process, so Katsu operations, once completed, would 1501 01:20:40,760 --> 01:20:43,200 Speaker 1: become the subject of group discussion, where criticism of others 1502 01:20:43,200 --> 01:20:45,200 Speaker 1: and of ones self was used to find whatever weakness 1503 01:20:45,200 --> 01:20:47,400 Speaker 1: had led to any form of failure during the planning 1504 01:20:47,439 --> 01:20:49,559 Speaker 1: of the next operation. They would then seek to overcome 1505 01:20:49,600 --> 01:20:53,240 Speaker 1: whatever internal problems had been discovered. Within leftist groups, any 1506 01:20:53,280 --> 01:20:56,160 Speaker 1: such failures were often seen as ideological errors. However, the 1507 01:20:56,240 --> 01:20:58,639 Speaker 1: United Red Army was forced. As the United Red Army 1508 01:20:58,680 --> 01:21:01,960 Speaker 1: was forced further underground and up, interaction became limited. Criticism 1509 01:21:02,000 --> 01:21:05,400 Speaker 1: increasingly became aimed towards the personal weakness of individual members 1510 01:21:05,479 --> 01:21:08,080 Speaker 1: rather than the failures of group ideology. In the first 1511 01:21:08,120 --> 01:21:11,759 Speaker 1: days of December nineteen twenty nine, people consisting of nineteen 1512 01:21:11,800 --> 01:21:13,840 Speaker 1: men and ten women made their way to the san 1513 01:21:14,360 --> 01:21:18,880 Speaker 1: Sangaku Base lodge deep in mountainous rural Gunma Prefecture. For days, 1514 01:21:19,080 --> 01:21:23,679 Speaker 1: they lived and strategyized and engaged in sessions. So, yeah, 1515 01:21:23,720 --> 01:21:27,240 Speaker 1: they start doing these big self criticism sessions isolated alone 1516 01:21:27,240 --> 01:21:31,839 Speaker 1: in the mountains um and things don't go well. Members 1517 01:21:31,880 --> 01:21:33,840 Speaker 1: of like the group that had stolen the guns, have 1518 01:21:33,920 --> 01:21:35,880 Speaker 1: all these criticisms of the Red Army and the Red 1519 01:21:35,960 --> 01:21:39,240 Speaker 1: Army members have all these criticisms of the other group. Um. 1520 01:21:39,320 --> 01:21:42,040 Speaker 1: And then there's punishments when people are found out when 1521 01:21:42,120 --> 01:21:45,160 Speaker 1: enough of the group agrees that like someone did something wrong. Um. 1522 01:21:45,280 --> 01:21:47,639 Speaker 1: So it starts with like forcing people to go days 1523 01:21:47,680 --> 01:21:51,280 Speaker 1: without eating or sitting for long periods of time and 1524 01:21:51,320 --> 01:21:54,080 Speaker 1: like this really uncomfortable position, like a yoga position that 1525 01:21:54,160 --> 01:21:57,320 Speaker 1: hurts after a while. Um. And Mari and Nagata are 1526 01:21:57,400 --> 01:21:59,519 Speaker 1: kind of like the judges at all of this and 1527 01:21:59,560 --> 01:22:02,679 Speaker 1: determine like what people have to do to be punished 1528 01:22:02,680 --> 01:22:06,519 Speaker 1: properly before they get to rest. Um. So not a 1529 01:22:06,600 --> 01:22:09,640 Speaker 1: levelhead starting out in a healthy place. So until you 1530 01:22:09,680 --> 01:22:12,480 Speaker 1: got to the punishment part, I was going to say 1531 01:22:12,640 --> 01:22:15,879 Speaker 1: sarcastically that I've never ever been part of any leftist 1532 01:22:15,880 --> 01:22:18,280 Speaker 1: group that engaged in this type of behavior, or for 1533 01:22:18,320 --> 01:22:22,920 Speaker 1: that matter, any you know business the engasion that kind 1534 01:22:22,960 --> 01:22:25,680 Speaker 1: of behavior. It's a thing that only happened to this 1535 01:22:25,720 --> 01:22:28,960 Speaker 1: one time. So but actually this actual thing maybe did 1536 01:22:28,960 --> 01:22:31,519 Speaker 1: only happen this one time because it gets way really 1537 01:22:31,560 --> 01:22:35,000 Speaker 1: out of hand very quickly. Um. Like that's a kind 1538 01:22:35,000 --> 01:22:37,280 Speaker 1: of situation. You expect people to be petty and bitchy 1539 01:22:37,320 --> 01:22:39,920 Speaker 1: and cruel to each other, but you also are talking 1540 01:22:39,920 --> 01:22:44,080 Speaker 1: about a underground communist instructionary group and the group they 1541 01:22:44,120 --> 01:22:46,599 Speaker 1: teamed up with for no other reason than that they 1542 01:22:46,600 --> 01:22:49,559 Speaker 1: stole a ton of guns. Yeah, and we already know 1543 01:22:49,680 --> 01:22:53,599 Speaker 1: that somebody got straggled buried shallows. I think a group 1544 01:22:53,680 --> 01:22:57,640 Speaker 1: self critique session that also involves arbitrarily designated punishment. You 1545 01:22:57,680 --> 01:23:00,439 Speaker 1: don't think that that's going to end? Well, yeah, it doesn't. 1546 01:23:01,240 --> 01:23:06,599 Speaker 1: I know, yeah, I do so. By like, after twenty 1547 01:23:06,680 --> 01:23:12,519 Speaker 1: days of this up for three weeks, people still aren't 1548 01:23:12,560 --> 01:23:16,040 Speaker 1: getting along. Um, Like the two groups haven't come together 1549 01:23:16,080 --> 01:23:18,559 Speaker 1: well enough. They don't feel good about everything. Yeah, And 1550 01:23:18,600 --> 01:23:20,920 Speaker 1: so more in Nagata are like, we've gotta we've got 1551 01:23:20,920 --> 01:23:23,400 Speaker 1: to be more brutal about our punishments. That's how you 1552 01:23:23,439 --> 01:23:26,920 Speaker 1: get people are not don't have the right amount of 1553 01:23:26,920 --> 01:23:30,360 Speaker 1: revolutionary fervor, right, so we have to punish the more. 1554 01:23:30,479 --> 01:23:32,360 Speaker 1: It's like when when you get in enough fight with 1555 01:23:32,400 --> 01:23:34,639 Speaker 1: your buddy and you're like, let's retreat to the mountains 1556 01:23:34,680 --> 01:23:38,600 Speaker 1: for three weeks and be brutally punished for our disagreements. 1557 01:23:38,800 --> 01:23:42,439 Speaker 1: Did they not have drugs? I don't think they did. See, 1558 01:23:42,479 --> 01:23:45,920 Speaker 1: there's there's the problem really drinking a bit. I don't know. Um, yeah, 1559 01:23:45,960 --> 01:23:48,360 Speaker 1: and I'm gonna the right up and Unseen Japan does 1560 01:23:48,360 --> 01:23:50,360 Speaker 1: a really good job of kind of laying this all 1561 01:23:50,400 --> 01:23:52,920 Speaker 1: out beautifully and terribly, so I'm going to read that 1562 01:23:53,600 --> 01:23:56,160 Speaker 1: It all began with Ozaki Mitsuo, a twenty one years 1563 01:23:56,200 --> 01:23:58,720 Speaker 1: old the Tokyo University of Fishery student, had joined the 1564 01:23:58,760 --> 01:24:00,960 Speaker 1: United Red Army as part of the merger with that 1565 01:24:01,000 --> 01:24:03,280 Speaker 1: other group. The crimes for which he stood accused by 1566 01:24:03,280 --> 01:24:06,360 Speaker 1: his fellow comrades during the self criticism session were of 1567 01:24:06,400 --> 01:24:09,559 Speaker 1: discussing the whereabouts of Red Army hideouts and weapon stashes 1568 01:24:09,560 --> 01:24:12,960 Speaker 1: with unauthorized persons. Additionally, he was seen as lacking the 1569 01:24:13,000 --> 01:24:16,519 Speaker 1: correct amount of revolutionary zeal. More's collective punishment for these 1570 01:24:16,520 --> 01:24:18,519 Speaker 1: offenses was to have Ozaki face off and a no 1571 01:24:18,680 --> 01:24:21,000 Speaker 1: holds about and a no holds bout with a much 1572 01:24:21,000 --> 01:24:24,559 Speaker 1: bulkier co revolutionary. The others encircled the two fighters, ensuring 1573 01:24:24,560 --> 01:24:26,720 Speaker 1: Osaki could not run away, and then the larger man 1574 01:24:26,760 --> 01:24:29,479 Speaker 1: began wailing on Ozaki. Beaten to the ground, time and 1575 01:24:29,560 --> 01:24:32,680 Speaker 1: tinam again. Ozaki, bloodied, still rose for more punishment. He 1576 01:24:32,760 --> 01:24:34,759 Speaker 1: knew the only way out was to accept his physically 1577 01:24:34,760 --> 01:24:39,000 Speaker 1: imposed chastisement. Finally, the badly beating. Ozaki was allowed some rest. 1578 01:24:39,200 --> 01:24:41,640 Speaker 1: He then made a fatal mistake. He thanked Maury for 1579 01:24:41,640 --> 01:24:44,240 Speaker 1: the chance to allow himself to become a better revolutionary. 1580 01:24:44,520 --> 01:24:47,000 Speaker 1: There was murmuring from the surrounding group. Was Ozaki trying 1581 01:24:47,000 --> 01:24:49,400 Speaker 1: to flatter his way out of proper training? Surely this 1582 01:24:49,479 --> 01:24:52,760 Speaker 1: represented more spiritual weakness on his part. The solution was 1583 01:24:52,800 --> 01:24:55,360 Speaker 1: to have Ozaki spend the night standing at attention outside 1584 01:24:55,360 --> 01:24:58,519 Speaker 1: the mountain in the mountainous subzero temperatures. After some hours 1585 01:24:58,520 --> 01:25:01,479 Speaker 1: of this, Ozaki, shaking in injured, asked to be allowed 1586 01:25:01,479 --> 01:25:03,720 Speaker 1: to lay down. This was the last draw did his 1587 01:25:03,760 --> 01:25:06,040 Speaker 1: weakness no no bounds. He was brought back into the 1588 01:25:06,040 --> 01:25:08,400 Speaker 1: warmth of the lodge, only to face another intense beating. 1589 01:25:08,680 --> 01:25:11,800 Speaker 1: His comrades then karried Osaki's broken body back outside, where 1590 01:25:11,800 --> 01:25:13,600 Speaker 1: he was tied to a post that, in lieu of 1591 01:25:13,640 --> 01:25:16,360 Speaker 1: ideological metal, would keep him standing. He hung there for 1592 01:25:16,439 --> 01:25:19,200 Speaker 1: hours and hours as his comrades ignored his increasingly weak 1593 01:25:19,280 --> 01:25:21,960 Speaker 1: christ for help. Occasionally members were sent out to beat 1594 01:25:22,040 --> 01:25:26,840 Speaker 1: him again. By next morning, he was dead and they 1595 01:25:26,880 --> 01:25:32,120 Speaker 1: didn't get along after that. It didn't help. This did 1596 01:25:32,160 --> 01:25:34,840 Speaker 1: not bring them together as an unlikely family it's also 1597 01:25:34,920 --> 01:25:38,560 Speaker 1: just such textbook cult ship, right that you're like, oh, 1598 01:25:38,800 --> 01:25:43,040 Speaker 1: we're we're gonna make people do horrible things to the 1599 01:25:43,160 --> 01:25:46,439 Speaker 1: only other people they are close to in the world. Yeah, 1600 01:25:46,479 --> 01:25:49,760 Speaker 1: to demonstrate their allegiance to what I have told them 1601 01:25:49,960 --> 01:25:53,800 Speaker 1: is our ideological commitment. And Mori spends this pretty much 1602 01:25:53,800 --> 01:25:57,040 Speaker 1: immediately and tells everybody that Ozaki had chosen to die 1603 01:25:57,360 --> 01:25:59,840 Speaker 1: because he'd like seen that he was fundamentally flawed and 1604 01:26:00,080 --> 01:26:02,720 Speaker 1: bring the revolution down because of his weakness. So he 1605 01:26:03,200 --> 01:26:08,640 Speaker 1: had to kill himself in order to suicide for he 1606 01:26:12,200 --> 01:26:16,479 Speaker 1: knew they beat him to death for you know. Yeah, 1607 01:26:16,560 --> 01:26:19,439 Speaker 1: so they decided to like celebrate this guy's death because 1608 01:26:19,439 --> 01:26:22,960 Speaker 1: he'd made the movement stronger. Did they have a little party? 1609 01:26:23,080 --> 01:26:27,439 Speaker 1: A little party? Yeah, So the self criticism sessions continue, um, 1610 01:26:27,640 --> 01:26:33,280 Speaker 1: and self criticism is a strong I'm just gonna put 1611 01:26:33,280 --> 01:26:36,600 Speaker 1: out there that like some people calling outside consultants and 1612 01:26:36,720 --> 01:26:41,759 Speaker 1: kind of look like they really are taking a deep 1613 01:26:41,840 --> 01:26:45,439 Speaker 1: die down this one hole. They could have done a ropes. Course, 1614 01:26:45,560 --> 01:26:49,960 Speaker 1: they could have They did strangle some of them. They 1615 01:26:49,960 --> 01:26:53,240 Speaker 1: could have played paintball to make a really horrible story 1616 01:26:53,400 --> 01:26:57,120 Speaker 1: a little bit shorter. They this keeps happening every night 1617 01:26:57,160 --> 01:27:00,400 Speaker 1: to someone new. Um, they just keep murdering each other 1618 01:27:00,560 --> 01:27:06,120 Speaker 1: for ideological Uh, three left the most pure. Well, by 1619 01:27:06,160 --> 01:27:09,240 Speaker 1: the time it's over, fourteen of the twenty nine people 1620 01:27:09,280 --> 01:27:13,040 Speaker 1: who went out there had been killed. I thought, yeah, yeah, 1621 01:27:13,640 --> 01:27:16,800 Speaker 1: and the remaining fifteen get along really well. They do 1622 01:27:16,880 --> 01:27:21,560 Speaker 1: get into a gunfight with the cops. I mean, you 1623 01:27:22,400 --> 01:27:26,160 Speaker 1: haven't lead with that, probably would have formed trauma bonds. Yeah, 1624 01:27:26,240 --> 01:27:29,280 Speaker 1: so they purged like half of themselves. You know, everyone 1625 01:27:29,320 --> 01:27:32,200 Speaker 1: will get along really well if you just kill everyone 1626 01:27:32,280 --> 01:27:34,519 Speaker 1: that doesn't agree with you. All right, I've always said that, 1627 01:27:34,720 --> 01:27:38,760 Speaker 1: And that's why Stalinist Russia I had no backstabbing at all. 1628 01:27:39,320 --> 01:27:42,920 Speaker 1: Zero Prussia, the place where everyone got along. Yep, that's 1629 01:27:42,920 --> 01:27:47,920 Speaker 1: what they call it. Um. So that's the podcast episode. 1630 01:27:48,280 --> 01:27:50,760 Speaker 1: Uh being a Lane. You want to tell people where 1631 01:27:50,800 --> 01:27:53,639 Speaker 1: they can find you. Um, yeah, you can find us 1632 01:27:53,800 --> 01:27:58,640 Speaker 1: on Twitter and Instagram and medium at svist, and you 1633 01:27:58,680 --> 01:28:00,720 Speaker 1: can find me in the mountains twenty eight of my 1634 01:28:00,760 --> 01:28:02,880 Speaker 1: closest friends, where we all try to make each other 1635 01:28:02,920 --> 01:28:07,519 Speaker 1: into better, better people, better people not going on that 1636 01:28:07,560 --> 01:28:11,479 Speaker 1: camp and get a pile of rocks for self improvement purposes. 1637 01:28:11,840 --> 01:28:15,559 Speaker 1: A post and a post for self improvement. I wanted 1638 01:28:15,600 --> 01:28:19,280 Speaker 1: to teach you that day. Yeah, you know, mom. We'll 1639 01:28:19,320 --> 01:28:24,280 Speaker 1: see where that's the episode go um oh yeah. You 1640 01:28:24,320 --> 01:28:26,240 Speaker 1: can find us online and behind the bastards dot com, 1641 01:28:26,280 --> 01:28:28,479 Speaker 1: but we'll have all the sources for this episode. You 1642 01:28:28,479 --> 01:28:31,040 Speaker 1: can buy one of our FDA approved to cure all 1643 01:28:31,040 --> 01:28:33,920 Speaker 1: diseases or prevent all diseases. I forget which illegal claim 1644 01:28:33,960 --> 01:28:37,040 Speaker 1: we're making on the masks that we sell. Um, you 1645 01:28:38,479 --> 01:28:47,559 Speaker 1: buy