WEBVTT - It Could Happen Here Weekly 59 0:00:00.240 --> 0:00:02.680 Hey, everybody, Robert Evans here and I wanted to let 0:00:02.720 --> 0:00:06.399 you know this is a compilation episode. So every episode 0:00:06.480 --> 0:00:09.600 of the week that just happened is here in one 0:00:09.680 --> 0:00:13.440 convenient and with somewhat less ads package for you to 0:00:13.480 --> 0:00:15.960 listen to in a long stretch if you want. If 0:00:16.000 --> 0:00:17.919 you've been listening to the episodes every day this week, 0:00:17.960 --> 0:00:20.119 there's gonna be nothing new here for you, but you 0:00:20.160 --> 0:00:42.840 can make your own decisions. All dem crazy died word. 0:00:43.240 --> 0:00:46.640 Millions of Americans took to the streets to protest police violence. 0:00:47.200 --> 0:00:50.920 They were met with police violence on a massive scale. Shootings, 0:00:51.000 --> 0:00:55.320 vehicle attacks, and assassinations occurred alongside these protests, often in 0:00:55.400 --> 0:00:58.480 defense of the police, and in total, at least twenty 0:00:58.520 --> 0:01:02.520 five Americans died. We now know that President Trump repeatedly 0:01:02.640 --> 0:01:05.920 urged General Mark Milly to deploy U S military forces 0:01:05.959 --> 0:01:09.840 to crack down violently on demonstrations. Milly claims that Trump 0:01:09.920 --> 0:01:13.360 told him to have his soldiers cracked skulls, beat the 0:01:13.400 --> 0:01:17.720 funk out of and just shoot protesters. In the end, 0:01:17.959 --> 0:01:21.720 we were all lucky. Military leaders, including General Milly, resisted 0:01:21.760 --> 0:01:25.200 calls to use their men to suppress domestic descent. National 0:01:25.200 --> 0:01:28.319 Guard were called in to police several major cities, but 0:01:28.400 --> 0:01:31.039 in many cases their behavior was tame compared to the 0:01:31.080 --> 0:01:35.399 militarized police who were reliably shot and beat protesters. For 0:01:35.480 --> 0:01:38.760 millions of Americans, twenty twenty was their first exposure to 0:01:38.800 --> 0:01:42.440 the violence the state will do to avoid change. And 0:01:42.560 --> 0:01:46.399 then Trump lost the election. He and his followers tried 0:01:46.440 --> 0:01:49.040 to carry out a coup but failed for now and 0:01:49.120 --> 0:01:52.280 millions of Americans who'd take into the streets mostly went 0:01:52.360 --> 0:01:55.880 back to their lives. Some were satisfied justice had been done, 0:01:56.120 --> 0:01:59.640 others were furious to have stopped short of instituting real change, 0:02:00.200 --> 0:02:02.120 But at the end of the day, business went on 0:02:02.240 --> 0:02:07.080 as usual. A version of normal prevailed. In twenty twenty one, 0:02:07.160 --> 0:02:11.040 the military of Myanmar, known as the Totmadau, overthrew the 0:02:11.080 --> 0:02:14.800 elected government in a coup. Hundreds of thousands of citizens, 0:02:14.840 --> 0:02:17.400 most of them young, gin zy and millennial men and women, 0:02:17.680 --> 0:02:21.960 took to the streets. Police responded with tear gas, water cannons, 0:02:22.080 --> 0:02:26.280 and eventually bullets. The international community expressed its horror at 0:02:26.280 --> 0:02:29.680 the brutality of the Totmadau, but that's all they did. 0:02:30.040 --> 0:02:33.120 Over the course of several months, the military pushed protesters, 0:02:33.200 --> 0:02:36.200 mostly out of the cities and a protest movement against 0:02:36.240 --> 0:02:40.079 the military coup turned into a civil war. Now those 0:02:40.120 --> 0:02:43.240 same protesters, mostly kids who wanted nothing more than a 0:02:43.280 --> 0:02:47.160 normal life, have become revolutionaries. With home made guns, three 0:02:47.240 --> 0:02:50.839 D printed rockets, and stolen rifles. They battled the Totmadau. 0:02:51.400 --> 0:02:53.560 Some of them fight in the jungles, some of them 0:02:53.560 --> 0:02:55.840 fight in the cities, and some of them fight on 0:02:55.919 --> 0:03:02.880 the internet. This is their story. We're sitting in a 0:03:02.960 --> 0:03:06.359 large suburban home in my Sought, Thailand, a small city 0:03:06.360 --> 0:03:08.799 on the border of me An Mar. The boys singing 0:03:08.840 --> 0:03:11.680 and playing music around us range an age from seventeen 0:03:11.720 --> 0:03:14.840 to twenty two. Their existence in Thailand is a crime. 0:03:15.200 --> 0:03:17.440 If they are caught here, they'll be forced to cross 0:03:17.480 --> 0:03:20.639 the border into my an Mar, whose government executed their 0:03:20.680 --> 0:03:24.480 friends and sold the organs for profit. But tonight they're 0:03:24.480 --> 0:03:28.200 playing music. We're drinking beer. Later, James Stout and I 0:03:28.240 --> 0:03:30.320 will play pool with them and get our asses just 0:03:30.760 --> 0:03:38.640 catastrophically wrecked. We met Andy, aged two and head of 0:03:38.640 --> 0:03:42.000 the family. For his Instagram page, that's only real name, 0:03:42.240 --> 0:03:45.880 but for obvious reasons, we can't identify him. We first 0:03:45.880 --> 0:03:47.840 met when I sent him at d m asking we 0:03:47.840 --> 0:03:49.960 could buy one of his photos for our first series 0:03:49.960 --> 0:03:52.560 on Me and mar He was a bit skeptical, but 0:03:52.680 --> 0:03:54.160 I tried my best to get him to see we 0:03:54.240 --> 0:03:56.160 just wanted to give him money and promote his work. 0:03:57.080 --> 0:03:59.240 Over the next six months or so, we weren't from 0:03:59.240 --> 0:04:02.200 talking on the phone own to messaging almost every day, 0:04:02.360 --> 0:04:05.240 to Robert and I booking tickets to Thailand, to sitting 0:04:05.280 --> 0:04:08.040 on the top floor of their house. It used to 0:04:08.040 --> 0:04:10.840 be his landlord's office, but now it's home to Andy 0:04:10.920 --> 0:04:13.800 and his partner Sarah. That's also not her real name, 0:04:14.120 --> 0:04:17.120 because she's a citizen of a Western nation working in Thailand. 0:04:18.240 --> 0:04:22.200 The boys we talk about are brothers, his cousin and friends. 0:04:22.800 --> 0:04:24.919 They live at a small building across the garden, and 0:04:24.920 --> 0:04:27.280 in the daytime they sit under a gazeeba and play 0:04:27.320 --> 0:04:30.640 their guitars. The first night we met Andy and Sarah, 0:04:30.760 --> 0:04:33.880 we sat behind a barn an unpaved alleyway. We drank 0:04:33.920 --> 0:04:36.920 beer out of sippy cups because selling beer is still 0:04:36.960 --> 0:04:39.760 banned at the local COVID regulations, but apparently the cops 0:04:39.800 --> 0:04:42.880 don't check sippy cups. We drank far too much, in fact, 0:04:42.960 --> 0:04:44.920 and the next day I work up with a headache 0:04:45.040 --> 0:04:48.560 and a blurry photo of me, Robert and Andy engaged 0:04:48.560 --> 0:04:50.599 in a pose which was half hug and half mutual 0:04:50.640 --> 0:04:54.040 support structure. We walked home and according to my phone, 0:04:54.160 --> 0:04:57.080 at some point we took photos of a puppy and 0:04:57.080 --> 0:05:00.320 and hopefully unrelated incident. At some point I started leading. 0:05:01.279 --> 0:05:04.240 It was immediately obvious that Andy needed the chance to 0:05:04.320 --> 0:05:07.600 blow off some steam over the last year and change, 0:05:07.880 --> 0:05:10.520 he is chronicled every stage of the coup in its aftermath. 0:05:11.000 --> 0:05:14.960 In early videos we see joyous protests, moments of resistance, 0:05:15.000 --> 0:05:17.240 and splendor in the streets of cities like me Awiti. 0:05:17.760 --> 0:05:22.600 Later we see violence, death, and guerrilla warfare. And he 0:05:22.640 --> 0:05:26.240 didn't have what you would call an easy childhood, thanks 0:05:26.240 --> 0:05:28.480 in part to me and mas long history of revolutions 0:05:28.520 --> 0:05:32.080 being crushed by the army. People there, like people everywhere, 0:05:32.400 --> 0:05:35.359 want to be free and determine their own futures, and 0:05:35.400 --> 0:05:38.719 so each generation has its own uprising, and each generation 0:05:38.800 --> 0:05:41.920 has its own massacre and very little progress to show 0:05:41.960 --> 0:05:46.080 for it. I was born in two thou so Um. 0:05:46.080 --> 0:05:49.080 When I was seven seven, there was a revolution. It's 0:05:49.080 --> 0:05:53.039 called Staffron revolution. It wasn't it wasn't like this you know, 0:05:53.080 --> 0:05:55.599 it wasn't like what happened now, but like there were 0:05:55.640 --> 0:05:57.000 a lot of people that were involved in it, a 0:05:57.040 --> 0:06:00.560 lot of people that killed. A lot of people left 0:06:00.720 --> 0:06:03.960 Myanmar and came to the refugee counts in here, and 0:06:04.240 --> 0:06:05.880 we were one of the families that came to the 0:06:05.880 --> 0:06:12.520 refugee counts. Um And Andy's mother is Buma, the dominant 0:06:12.560 --> 0:06:15.440 ethnic group in Myanmar due to their decades long control 0:06:15.440 --> 0:06:18.919 of the military and government. His father is Karin, the 0:06:19.000 --> 0:06:21.839 ethnic group once used by the British government as soldiers. 0:06:22.160 --> 0:06:24.560 Since nineteen forty nine, the Karin have fought a war 0:06:24.600 --> 0:06:27.440 in the mountains against the Top Medal. Their name is 0:06:27.480 --> 0:06:31.360 often anglicized to be spelled just like the English name Karen, which, 0:06:31.440 --> 0:06:35.320 given present Internet trends, makes explaining the conflict sometimes awkward. 0:06:36.080 --> 0:06:40.400 Andy primarily identifies as and was raised Mamma. His family 0:06:40.480 --> 0:06:43.359 left after the Saffron Revolution. They did not flee to 0:06:43.520 --> 0:06:47.320 escape political repression, but because the economy had collapsed. This 0:06:47.440 --> 0:06:50.039 put them in an awkward position in the camps, which 0:06:50.080 --> 0:06:53.200 were filled mostly with Karin people who had fled state violence. 0:06:53.880 --> 0:06:57.960 We weren't refugees, right, We were more like how do 0:06:58.000 --> 0:07:01.320 you say, like economic refugees. You know, we go because 0:07:01.640 --> 0:07:04.040 not because our village has been burned down and our 0:07:04.200 --> 0:07:06.920 family has been killed. You know. So then if we 0:07:06.920 --> 0:07:09.560 were to go back to Yangon, we still could find 0:07:09.560 --> 0:07:12.480 a job, We still could find you know. Um, but 0:07:12.520 --> 0:07:16.640 then for these current people, like this place is the 0:07:16.680 --> 0:07:18.880 only place that they could exist at that moment, right 0:07:18.920 --> 0:07:23.240 and probably still now too. So yeah, so they said that, 0:07:23.400 --> 0:07:25.880 but that that education wasn't very good there. There's the 0:07:26.240 --> 0:07:28.840 life wasn't good, you know, it wasn't It wasn't. It 0:07:28.960 --> 0:07:31.200 was very bad. Honestly, it was very bad. It was 0:07:31.240 --> 0:07:33.000 a lot of violence, a lot of hate, a lot 0:07:33.040 --> 0:07:36.200 of understandable you know, like these people have gone through 0:07:36.280 --> 0:07:39.640 so much ship and so much trauma that and nothing, 0:07:39.760 --> 0:07:43.120 no one is coming there to fix that. So they 0:07:43.160 --> 0:07:45.960 had a lot of anger, They had a lot of problems. Um, 0:07:46.000 --> 0:07:48.320 but my my mom said, yeah, we're going back because 0:07:48.360 --> 0:07:51.560 the education here is very bad. And if you go 0:07:51.600 --> 0:07:53.960 back to Nama, at least, you know, if you do 0:07:54.560 --> 0:07:57.600 like the thing that people do, maybe you'll get somewhere. Yeah, 0:07:57.760 --> 0:08:00.360 in the future. Here there's no future. So she said, 0:08:00.400 --> 0:08:03.440 so we went back. Um, I was stay in your 0:08:03.520 --> 0:08:07.200 mar for like four years, Andy had never been very political. 0:08:07.480 --> 0:08:10.080 His family was more or less neutral, tending to side 0:08:10.080 --> 0:08:12.040 with the military more often than not out of a 0:08:12.080 --> 0:08:15.120 sense of inertia. Me and mar attended to cartwheel between 0:08:15.120 --> 0:08:18.600 attempts at democracy and military dictatorship. So when the world 0:08:18.640 --> 0:08:22.360 media celebrated their first democratic elections in twenty five years, 0:08:22.360 --> 0:08:28.640 Andy was not particularly excited. Yeah, so, I mean, we 0:08:28.640 --> 0:08:31.600 we did realize that there was a change in the country, 0:08:31.920 --> 0:08:35.400 right because we grew up in the military to take 0:08:35.440 --> 0:08:39.280 your ship. But then when intensity take over took over, 0:08:40.000 --> 0:08:43.360 there were some changes, like the phones got cheaper, the 0:08:43.440 --> 0:08:46.440 internet got cheaper, and if you look back then you 0:08:46.480 --> 0:08:50.480 can see big, big changes. But the thing is, it 0:08:50.559 --> 0:08:54.360 was never real democracy, and I think a lot of 0:08:54.400 --> 0:08:58.840 people in the Western countries thought that it was democracy 0:08:59.160 --> 0:09:02.280 when all Sensorgi took over. On Song Suchi came to 0:09:02.360 --> 0:09:05.600 prominence during a nineteen eighty eight uprising against the military, 0:09:05.679 --> 0:09:08.280 which ended in bloodshed in the streets of Yangon, and 0:09:08.320 --> 0:09:11.720 she'd been a long time democratic activist. As Andy noted, 0:09:11.760 --> 0:09:14.800 westerners celebrated her election as the first democratic head of 0:09:14.840 --> 0:09:18.360 state for Myanmar. She even won a Nobel Prize, but 0:09:18.440 --> 0:09:21.120 the agreement her party had made with the military gave 0:09:21.160 --> 0:09:24.920 the general significant permanent control over the government. But I 0:09:24.960 --> 0:09:26.840 think most of the people in the country knew it 0:09:27.000 --> 0:09:31.240 wasn't real democracy because you know, the military always had 0:09:31.320 --> 0:09:35.280 twenty five seats in the parliament, right like they were 0:09:35.320 --> 0:09:38.520 always they were in charge of electricity, entered, all these 0:09:38.600 --> 0:09:41.920 all these big things that weapons army, like the military itself, 0:09:42.320 --> 0:09:44.280 they are in charge of all these things, and they 0:09:44.320 --> 0:09:47.200 make it very clear, and even with a Nobel prize 0:09:47.360 --> 0:09:50.200 on song SUCHI did not fight to stop the top 0:09:50.240 --> 0:09:53.640 Mada from pursuing their decades long wars against the ethnic 0:09:53.760 --> 0:09:56.840 armed organizations in the Hills, nor did she act to 0:09:56.880 --> 0:10:00.280 stop their ethnic cleansing of the Rohinga people. In act, 0:10:00.360 --> 0:10:03.040 she and others in her party didn't even call them Rohinga. 0:10:03.440 --> 0:10:07.040 They called them Bengali and insisted they were illegally residing 0:10:07.040 --> 0:10:10.160 in Myanmar, despite mountains of evidence documenting a group by 0:10:10.200 --> 0:10:12.559 that name living in what is now the Rocking State. 0:10:13.400 --> 0:10:16.439 I think most Americans and Westerners in general can empathize 0:10:16.440 --> 0:10:19.640 with the feeling of electing someone who promises change and 0:10:19.679 --> 0:10:22.400 then getting very little of what you'd expected. I think 0:10:22.400 --> 0:10:25.640 all Sensuchi used to be this hope that that was 0:10:25.880 --> 0:10:28.760 like the opposition against the military. But I think when 0:10:29.080 --> 0:10:33.959 she got powered, um, she couldn't do all the things 0:10:33.960 --> 0:10:37.640 that she promised to do or like you know, we 0:10:37.640 --> 0:10:41.320 we looked at her before, we looked at her as something, 0:10:41.440 --> 0:10:45.160 you know, something hope for everyone for you know, for 0:10:45.200 --> 0:10:48.480 all the ethnic groups and for everyone in the country. 0:10:48.520 --> 0:10:53.240 But then when she became empowered, she mainly focus all 0:10:53.280 --> 0:10:57.280 these changes for the Bama people. Well, you know, the 0:10:57.280 --> 0:11:00.680 more the mainland people, like the military, Tree was still 0:11:00.720 --> 0:11:04.600 fucking killing people and killing athnic groups, they did they 0:11:04.640 --> 0:11:07.559 do something, you know, like, so then for the athnic groups, 0:11:07.679 --> 0:11:10.760 what's the difference? And so while Andy was hopeful that 0:11:10.840 --> 0:11:12.880 his country might take a better path, he was not 0:11:13.000 --> 0:11:16.600 exactly convinced that things were going to get better. Conflict 0:11:16.679 --> 0:11:19.160 within his family eventually pushed him to make the decision 0:11:19.200 --> 0:11:22.440 to leave. My dad was very abusive. He would be 0:11:22.480 --> 0:11:24.120 the ship out of my mom every day like that. 0:11:25.040 --> 0:11:26.800 It was fine, Like it was fine when when we 0:11:26.800 --> 0:11:28.560 were younger, we couldn't do anything, you know, we just 0:11:28.640 --> 0:11:31.079 kind of watched it, right, But the older we got, 0:11:31.120 --> 0:11:34.800 the more we involved, the more we try to stop it. Um. 0:11:34.840 --> 0:11:37.120 But then we were fight with him too, you know, 0:11:37.200 --> 0:11:39.600 and that so at some point it became too much, 0:11:39.800 --> 0:11:43.840 and so I left my home I think in two six, 0:11:44.920 --> 0:11:47.120 just by myself, and I was like, I've been to Massa. 0:11:47.640 --> 0:11:50.040 I will go back here, you know. So Andy lived 0:11:50.080 --> 0:11:52.680 across the border on his own for more than five years. 0:11:53.040 --> 0:11:55.080 He'd fallen in love, gotten a home with his own 0:11:55.160 --> 0:11:57.320 and set himself up in the sort of odd jobs 0:11:57.360 --> 0:12:00.760 you can do without papers or legal residency, and that's 0:12:00.760 --> 0:12:03.199 where things were for him. When the Topmadu carried out 0:12:03.200 --> 0:12:08.560 their coup in early two thousand one, February one, I 0:12:08.640 --> 0:12:11.800 was a mess. D I was here and yeah, in 0:12:11.880 --> 0:12:14.560 the morning, I woke up, called me my girlfriend and 0:12:14.559 --> 0:12:16.880 as she said, the military just did a coup in 0:12:16.880 --> 0:12:20.440 your country, you should call your family. The military claimed 0:12:20.520 --> 0:12:23.040 voter fraud and used that as the pretext to stay 0:12:23.040 --> 0:12:26.800 in power. It's a situation that should be unsettlingly familiar 0:12:26.800 --> 0:12:29.520 to most of our audience. For a while, Safe and 0:12:29.600 --> 0:12:32.360 Masat Andy watched it in horror as he texted with 0:12:32.400 --> 0:12:35.440 friends and family across the border. The arrest alsen Sugi 0:12:35.480 --> 0:12:38.080 in all the big leaders right at the top. So 0:12:38.120 --> 0:12:40.120 we were kind of like, okay, is someone going to 0:12:40.240 --> 0:12:42.640 tell us what to do, and especially for us, we 0:12:42.679 --> 0:12:47.000 didn't have any experiences. We didn't know anything about any 0:12:47.040 --> 0:12:49.120 of this that I'm talking about right now, I didn't 0:12:49.120 --> 0:12:52.080 have any knowledge of that. But yeah, So after I 0:12:52.120 --> 0:12:55.520 think six day, the military cut off the internet like 0:12:55.600 --> 0:12:58.280 for like two days, and I've lost all contact with 0:12:58.440 --> 0:13:02.079 everyone inside my family, my friends. And that's the night 0:13:02.120 --> 0:13:04.319 I started playing it, like, I started thinking, funk, I 0:13:04.320 --> 0:13:07.120 should go back and like and I saw the protest 0:13:07.120 --> 0:13:10.040 photos from yeng On. They looked amazing, right, and I'm like, 0:13:10.080 --> 0:13:12.000 I'm a photographer. I should be there and you know, 0:13:12.120 --> 0:13:16.800 document that. While Andy was staring at the protest photo 0:13:16.800 --> 0:13:19.880 it's from the capital of Myanmar, napid Or, as well 0:13:19.920 --> 0:13:23.400 as Meality and the largest city, Yang Gone wondering if 0:13:23.400 --> 0:13:25.960 you should take his camera and document yet another rising 0:13:26.000 --> 0:13:28.920 for democracy in his home country. A young woman named 0:13:28.920 --> 0:13:31.079 a Mirror was in the thick of those protests and 0:13:31.160 --> 0:13:35.880 yeng Gone when the coup started. A Mirror, aged seventeen, 0:13:36.200 --> 0:13:39.040 had just finished high school. She was looking forward to 0:13:39.160 --> 0:13:42.560 university and more oppressingly, looking forward to playing footsore with 0:13:42.600 --> 0:13:45.800 their friends. She'd like to spend a day's crafting. She says, 0:13:46.600 --> 0:13:50.040 making little things to gift or to keep, like every 0:13:50.080 --> 0:13:52.840 other day. When she woke up, she spent ten minutes 0:13:52.840 --> 0:13:56.040 in medication before facing the world on the first of February. 0:13:56.720 --> 0:14:00.240 Long Sam Suki was her hero, she says. In our view, 0:14:00.480 --> 0:14:03.800 her boyfriend translated for her. We'll get to their story later. 0:14:04.480 --> 0:14:06.760 But when the Cube began, they lived a world apart. 0:14:07.240 --> 0:14:09.920 They joined the whole generation in feeling in rage. But 0:14:10.200 --> 0:14:12.840 Tapma door trying to rip the freedom their parents had 0:14:12.920 --> 0:14:16.160 fought for from them. A mirror took her rage into 0:14:16.160 --> 0:14:19.880 the street. Someone gave her a bullhorn because of her wife, 0:14:19.960 --> 0:14:24.760 and then she became the leader, you know with the bullhorn. Yeah, 0:14:25.520 --> 0:14:27.200 what kind of stuff would you say to the ball 0:14:27.320 --> 0:14:41.040 through the bullhorn? Helloa, you don't want you do? Oh, 0:14:41.160 --> 0:14:45.160 she's saying, uh, this is and fell and then uh 0:14:45.200 --> 0:14:49.479 this is what? Oh that the erastian that ar Sansoti 0:14:49.600 --> 0:14:57.000 is a and fell not fair? Okay okay, yeah. And 0:14:57.000 --> 0:15:01.400 then and then she believed that, uh, she believed in 0:15:01.680 --> 0:15:08.200 what the sense she said, like everything is possible, and 0:15:08.680 --> 0:15:12.800 we haven't do anything, we haven't studied yet, and then 0:15:12.920 --> 0:15:16.480 but when we study it, and then we can finish it. 0:15:16.640 --> 0:15:21.320 So everything is possible. So so that's what she believed in. 0:15:21.600 --> 0:15:24.040 So she she went on the road and then she 0:15:24.120 --> 0:15:27.160 put us across the city from a mirror. On co 0:15:27.400 --> 0:15:30.480 Dayak's girlfriend woke him up with the news that the 0:15:30.560 --> 0:15:33.800 government they had voted for had been arrested. We're calling 0:15:33.880 --> 0:15:36.760 him Yak here because that's his name. In the revolution, 0:15:37.320 --> 0:15:40.760 everyone has one. A mirror is his baby, because she's 0:15:40.840 --> 0:15:45.440 so young yet so fierce. Yeah, if you're wondering, means monkey. 0:15:46.240 --> 0:15:48.880 These revolutionaries who have risked life and limb for each other, 0:15:49.280 --> 0:15:51.280 didn't know the legal names of the people they call 0:15:51.320 --> 0:15:54.600 their revolution family because it's safer that way, and we 0:15:54.640 --> 0:15:58.320 don't either. Miall could spend the night. Well, I'll let 0:15:58.360 --> 0:16:01.880 you hear Harry Phraset. Actually, I was just like I 0:16:02.000 --> 0:16:05.800 was chilling with my scare friend, you know, our tailing 0:16:06.040 --> 0:16:09.400 and we were you know, you know, Neflis and Chay 0:16:09.800 --> 0:16:13.680 like one in January Neflist and I think it's a Sunday. 0:16:13.760 --> 0:16:18.080 I think it's Sunday. Nele and Chay we sleep together. 0:16:18.400 --> 0:16:20.680 If you didn't catch that they were Netflix and chilling, 0:16:21.160 --> 0:16:24.200 you know, I was literally no wake up but any 0:16:24.440 --> 0:16:28.240 louder show. I was so sleep but but at the 0:16:28.280 --> 0:16:31.440 four a m. There's a phone rains and I suddenly 0:16:31.480 --> 0:16:34.960 wake up. That's phone ring from my carel friend. How 0:16:35.000 --> 0:16:39.000 Angie called ca call call hat and she said there's 0:16:39.040 --> 0:16:42.560 a cool defeat. Oh and she wake up and she 0:16:42.640 --> 0:16:47.080 told me there's a cool And then you know, I 0:16:47.120 --> 0:16:49.240 don't believe it. I believe it. I didn't believe it. 0:16:49.320 --> 0:16:52.480 So other time I chaed the social media. Oh ship, 0:16:53.440 --> 0:16:58.520 may I'll actually do this. I'm so angry and I'm 0:16:58.520 --> 0:17:01.360 so angry, you know. I was boord the doll down 0:17:01.480 --> 0:17:05.080 there and told to my family, there's a good of 0:17:05.119 --> 0:17:08.199 the everyone's angry at those things that the internet they 0:17:08.240 --> 0:17:11.200 cut off. The next revolutionary were going to mean, it's 0:17:11.200 --> 0:17:14.640 a fellow. Will call doctor Wonder because that's his revolution name. 0:17:15.440 --> 0:17:18.080 When the coup started, he was just waking up after 0:17:18.119 --> 0:17:20.240 a twenty four hour shift at the hospital and Yangon 0:17:20.359 --> 0:17:23.359 where he worked. Doctors were some of the earliest and 0:17:23.440 --> 0:17:27.840 most visible dissidents in the protest. Their rarity and therefore 0:17:27.880 --> 0:17:30.679 their relative value to the regime made them oppotent symbol 0:17:30.680 --> 0:17:34.560 of the pro democracy movement. But as doctor Wondered me clear, 0:17:34.960 --> 0:17:37.840 many older medical professionals and not at all certain that 0:17:37.960 --> 0:17:42.520 resistance was the right move here at the morning, I 0:17:42.560 --> 0:17:46.760 saw the news that bad really really bad news for us. 0:17:49.119 --> 0:17:54.600 How could I say that? Ah name bro you know, yeah, 0:17:54.800 --> 0:17:58.320 Dad broke our future. Doctors were some of the earliest 0:17:58.560 --> 0:18:03.280 most visible dissidents the pro democracy protests. Their rarity and 0:18:03.400 --> 0:18:06.600 relative value to the regime made them a potent symbol 0:18:06.640 --> 0:18:10.520 of the pro democracy movement, But as doctor Wonder made clear, 0:18:11.119 --> 0:18:14.560 many older medical professionals were not at all certain that 0:18:14.640 --> 0:18:18.480 resistance was a right move. On that money, we go 0:18:18.600 --> 0:18:24.159 back to our h I also said our hospital we 0:18:24.280 --> 0:18:30.520 are send that you know or professors or concerntors did 0:18:30.960 --> 0:18:36.119 not much interest about that be whilst they told us, um, 0:18:36.160 --> 0:18:41.080 you know whoever rules our campee, this is not our business. 0:18:42.080 --> 0:18:46.920 This is one of our seniors doctors from our society 0:18:47.000 --> 0:18:52.119 for our department pool us like that. But we reply him, no, 0:18:53.160 --> 0:18:55.919 this should be the last time. You didn't catch that? 0:18:56.560 --> 0:18:59.160 He said, it should be the last time, the last 0:18:59.160 --> 0:19:01.760 time kids had to die in the streets. They didn't 0:19:01.760 --> 0:19:04.440 want another generation to have to go through the same thing, 0:19:05.080 --> 0:19:08.360 so they got together a proposal, a sort of manifesto 0:19:08.440 --> 0:19:11.480 for peaceful, non violent resistance, and they submitted it to 0:19:11.520 --> 0:19:16.560 their seniors. We negotiated with our ship, you know, young resident, 0:19:17.160 --> 0:19:22.640 our society, and we discussed about that and we plan 0:19:23.200 --> 0:19:27.040 to start with our one of our prior movement before 0:19:27.320 --> 0:19:30.040 say that disagreement. We have got a rep one movement 0:19:30.880 --> 0:19:37.480 because we want to try peacefully on the media. Okay, 0:19:37.600 --> 0:19:42.200 We started like that and then uh, some of our 0:19:43.119 --> 0:19:48.560 seniors from our society, they were from mentally hospital. Okay, 0:19:48.600 --> 0:19:54.600 they accept our propos yes, because our generation has already 0:19:54.640 --> 0:20:00.879 passed that difficulties before, but not your generation shouldn't accept that. 0:20:02.160 --> 0:20:04.760 Three days before the queue, t K got off a 0:20:04.800 --> 0:20:08.480 plane in San Francisco. He's from Myanmar, but he lives 0:20:08.480 --> 0:20:12.120 in the Bay Area. Now before you ask, he says 0:20:12.160 --> 0:20:14.399 that the Burmese restaurant there is not as good as 0:20:14.480 --> 0:20:19.680 stuff back home. It's only three days three days before, 0:20:19.720 --> 0:20:23.040 three days before I went back to the to the 0:20:23.200 --> 0:20:25.920 United States, and I wish I'm would stay in a 0:20:26.000 --> 0:20:29.280 young ol and a doing the revolution and I participate 0:20:29.359 --> 0:20:33.640 in a everywhere that I can, but that I couldn't 0:20:33.640 --> 0:20:38.520 do from the from the loud distance, you know. So 0:20:38.520 --> 0:20:41.000 so that's all I can do for now. T K 0:20:41.160 --> 0:20:44.200 had just been in Mianma. He had connections to many 0:20:44.200 --> 0:20:47.159 people on the ground there. His friends were there, his 0:20:47.320 --> 0:20:50.760 family were there. When the government cut off internet access, 0:20:51.200 --> 0:20:54.119 he remained able to get good international reporting on the 0:20:54.160 --> 0:20:58.040 situation in his home country. Slowly he found ways to 0:20:58.080 --> 0:21:01.359 communicate with his friends and a growing core of the 0:21:01.359 --> 0:21:05.520 protesters taking to the streets. I was a keyboard fighter. 0:21:06.880 --> 0:21:10.399 I have no idea about the politics. I have no 0:21:10.480 --> 0:21:14.760 idea about the military stuff. This is a single most 0:21:14.800 --> 0:21:18.320 common sentiment we've heard across all the revolution we've met. 0:21:18.920 --> 0:21:21.520 None of them considered themselves to be very political prior 0:21:21.560 --> 0:21:24.680 to the coupe. They started marching in the street because 0:21:24.680 --> 0:21:27.840 the military coup was obviously bad, but they stayed there 0:21:27.960 --> 0:21:30.640 because the violence dished out by the state was so horrific. 0:21:31.320 --> 0:21:33.560 Safe at the house in Maso, we talked to the 0:21:33.600 --> 0:21:36.800 boys and his brothers and cousins, all of whom were 0:21:36.840 --> 0:21:39.840 living in Napidor. When the cook kicked off, it didn't 0:21:39.840 --> 0:21:41.800 take him long to try and join them. Then I 0:21:41.840 --> 0:21:44.080 went in. I went to Maality, which is across the 0:21:44.080 --> 0:21:47.280 border in ther marside Um, and I was there for 0:21:47.320 --> 0:21:51.560 a week and it was it was something else like 0:21:51.920 --> 0:21:55.640 I've never been to protest now I've never been involved 0:21:55.640 --> 0:21:57.919 in any of this thing, and I never thought I 0:21:57.960 --> 0:21:59.879 would be, you know, like I I don't know. I 0:22:00.400 --> 0:22:02.120 always thought like I wasn't going to be a part 0:22:02.160 --> 0:22:04.239 of it. But when I went there the first day, 0:22:04.320 --> 0:22:07.480 I write there were two thousand people on the street protesting. 0:22:07.760 --> 0:22:10.600 And then it's like, and this big group of people 0:22:10.680 --> 0:22:13.960 walk in streets after street and everyone coming out of 0:22:14.000 --> 0:22:16.920 their house and we have this symbol like three fingers 0:22:17.480 --> 0:22:21.919 from Hangar game. I think, um, yeah, so that's like 0:22:22.000 --> 0:22:25.640 our symbol for democracy now, our our our movement now. 0:22:26.040 --> 0:22:29.040 And everyone come out of their house doing that, and 0:22:29.080 --> 0:22:33.760 you know, like giving us water, food, everything. It was beautiful, 0:22:33.800 --> 0:22:35.800 like it was. It was something else. It was something else. 0:22:35.880 --> 0:22:38.119 And then from that day I was like hook, I 0:22:38.200 --> 0:22:40.080 was like, Okay, this is what I'm gonna do. Now. 0:22:40.160 --> 0:22:43.399 I'm gonna be a photographer and I'm gonna in this, 0:22:43.600 --> 0:22:45.760 you know, and I'm gonna I'm gonna take photo of 0:22:45.800 --> 0:22:48.080 these people and their stories and I'm going to share 0:22:48.119 --> 0:22:51.480 it and that's that's my part, that's my rule. Soon 0:22:51.840 --> 0:22:55.240 he found friends among the protesters. Within a few days, 0:22:55.720 --> 0:22:57.760 he was feeling a feeling that so many people felt 0:22:57.800 --> 0:23:01.600 in It's a eat you felt. If you've ever been 0:23:01.600 --> 0:23:03.560 in the thick of a crowd of people filled with 0:23:03.680 --> 0:23:08.120 righteous anger and facing down overwhelmed police or soldiers, it's 0:23:08.119 --> 0:23:11.080 a sensation. I can't really described you you haven't experienced it, 0:23:11.160 --> 0:23:13.720 but I can say that there's no time that I've 0:23:13.720 --> 0:23:16.160 ever felt more empowered than the times I've been crushed 0:23:16.160 --> 0:23:19.520 shoulders shoulder with strangers, toe to toe with state violence, 0:23:19.960 --> 0:23:23.520 and watch cops break and retreat. It's incredible. It's addictive, 0:23:23.920 --> 0:23:25.560 and if I'm honest, it's probably why Robert and I 0:23:25.640 --> 0:23:27.840 booked a flight to visit a stranger. I've been dem 0:23:27.960 --> 0:23:31.359 ng on the grand Um. I think after three days, 0:23:31.720 --> 0:23:35.919 I met this group of people, young people, like students 0:23:35.960 --> 0:23:39.040 trying to be lawyers and so, and I figured out 0:23:39.080 --> 0:23:43.200 that they were the ones trying to organize these big protests, 0:23:43.200 --> 0:23:45.560 like two people, a hundred thousand people. They were the 0:23:45.600 --> 0:23:48.400 ones that's making that happen. So I started kind of 0:23:48.440 --> 0:23:50.639 following them, trying to get close because I wanted to 0:23:50.640 --> 0:23:54.919 get stories from them. Um. And then they became they 0:23:55.080 --> 0:23:57.399 and they realized what I've been doing. They've been watching 0:23:57.520 --> 0:24:00.159 like and so they were like very welcome, and they 0:24:00.280 --> 0:24:02.199 took me to this hide out that they go to, 0:24:02.359 --> 0:24:04.760 and then we will have discussions and meetings about what 0:24:04.800 --> 0:24:07.680 we should do the next day. Da da da um. 0:24:07.720 --> 0:24:11.119 But then it's because it's a small town. Right. Slowly, 0:24:11.440 --> 0:24:14.320 I think police and military started realizing that we are 0:24:14.359 --> 0:24:33.120 that group too young. Oh, Demo crazy died word very much. 0:24:35.880 --> 0:24:42.280 Oh so by now you're probably wondering what that cover 0:24:42.320 --> 0:24:47.000 of dust in the window. It's a song the boys 0:24:47.200 --> 0:24:49.919 learned when we first took to the streets. But it 0:24:49.960 --> 0:24:53.880 tells the story of a previous revelation, one that didn't succeed. 0:24:59.520 --> 0:25:02.119 Can you tell us with that? Songs about like you 0:25:02.119 --> 0:25:04.760 know what the lyrics are and stuff and everything. Yeah, 0:25:04.800 --> 0:25:07.479 we can try. I heard the word democracy in there. 0:25:07.480 --> 0:25:11.160 I'm pretty sure. Yeah, it's like all that were lost 0:25:11.160 --> 0:25:16.439 in fighting for democracy. Yeah. The people use it for 0:25:16.480 --> 0:25:24.199 the Spring Revolution as well as because tell the World, 0:25:24.480 --> 0:25:27.760 and that's the name of the song. Tell the World 0:25:27.880 --> 0:25:33.439 is cool, Yeah, I till the world. So basically the 0:25:33.480 --> 0:25:36.480 song is like, yeah, they sang it in the back 0:25:36.520 --> 0:25:39.680 in the AD eight and then it's like we used 0:25:39.720 --> 0:25:44.200 it quite a lot when we were in the protest too. Um. Yeah, 0:25:44.359 --> 0:25:47.320 the laris are We'll keep fighting until the end of 0:25:47.359 --> 0:25:50.159 the world. For the sake of history and revolution in 0:25:50.160 --> 0:25:53.800 our blood and of the fallen heroes who fought for 0:25:53.840 --> 0:25:58.000 the democracy. Um oh, our DearS heroes. This is the 0:25:58.080 --> 0:26:04.080 lend of like heroes. M hmm. Yeah, and yeah it 0:26:04.080 --> 0:26:10.000 goes on and then m yeah, basically saying like something 0:26:10.480 --> 0:26:14.040 like the history went wrong along the way, but we 0:26:14.119 --> 0:26:19.280 have to fix it. Yeah, like the country has shuttis 0:26:19.280 --> 0:26:23.120 blood and how could they commit such violence to its 0:26:23.119 --> 0:26:27.800 own people, you know, um yeah, and yeah, like they say, 0:26:27.880 --> 0:26:30.720 like the blood on the rose and the streets are 0:26:31.280 --> 0:26:35.280 not dried yet. Um. And for the sake of these 0:26:35.320 --> 0:26:40.359 people who have die for the democracy, for fighting for democracy, 0:26:41.320 --> 0:26:45.600 for the sake of them, we have to keep fighting basically. Yeah. 0:26:46.520 --> 0:26:49.480 Now in their exile, they keep singing it to remember 0:26:49.480 --> 0:26:52.080 the first day of the revolution, when the fights are 0:26:52.080 --> 0:26:54.719 in the street, not the jungle, before they lost so 0:26:54.760 --> 0:26:57.720 many of their comrades. And then that was a night 0:26:57.800 --> 0:27:06.960 protest in front of the police. Issue candy. Oh, this 0:27:07.080 --> 0:27:14.840 is they're singing the song that the sing Yeah, I 0:27:14.960 --> 0:27:18.119 got very very heated. The protests our friends were just 0:27:18.119 --> 0:27:20.960 talking about occurred in reality, but the song popped up 0:27:21.000 --> 0:27:24.840 all across the country when you played it and young 0:27:25.440 --> 0:27:29.600 you will sing it? Yeah, there they and yeah, it 0:27:29.720 --> 0:27:32.119 was in one guitar. It was a whole band, like 0:27:32.280 --> 0:27:36.200 will you have like protesters sitting down and then there's 0:27:36.240 --> 0:27:40.359 a group of people who are playing this and repeatedly 0:27:40.359 --> 0:27:42.679 there are a bunch of songs that will play. And 0:27:42.720 --> 0:27:46.040 then there was like words that we would say and yeah, 0:27:46.680 --> 0:27:54.120 so getting myself, yeah, being down and you'll see from 0:27:54.119 --> 0:27:58.200 the footage, Oh yeah it's yeah. Yeah, how does it 0:27:58.240 --> 0:28:01.000 make you feel seeing the game now? It's scary, you know, 0:28:01.119 --> 0:28:11.040 it's like this song is very real. So like at first, um, um, 0:28:11.080 --> 0:28:13.359 we didn't want to play the song. It's too dark, 0:28:13.480 --> 0:28:18.680 it's too um it's too intense, right yeah, like yeah, 0:28:19.240 --> 0:28:22.479 but it's not like the levers are they're like you 0:28:22.520 --> 0:28:24.760 can see it, you know. It's like because we've don't 0:28:24.840 --> 0:28:29.120 we've been through it too, so it's very intense. And yeah, 0:28:29.119 --> 0:28:30.800 I think the first time I heard it, like I 0:28:30.960 --> 0:28:34.280 heard the song, I remember that we were few and 0:28:34.640 --> 0:28:38.040 of yeah, I still have it like every time we're 0:28:38.040 --> 0:28:40.920 saying it now. This is not one of the songs 0:28:40.960 --> 0:29:00.480 that we usually say. It's not a fun song. Yeah, 0:29:00.800 --> 0:29:16.600 bo video must Room Wait the more crazy died word. 0:29:18.280 --> 0:29:20.960 On the next episode, which you'll be able to download tomorrow, 0:29:21.480 --> 0:29:24.680 we'll talk about how the Hunter began to clamp down 0:29:24.680 --> 0:29:28.000 on the protests. Now the protesters decided this struggle was 0:29:28.040 --> 0:29:51.320 too important to abandon and decided to fight back. Oh 0:29:54.080 --> 0:29:56.680 Like many people in my amber, the boys weren't usually 0:29:56.720 --> 0:29:59.720 political before the protest, but what they saw in the 0:29:59.760 --> 0:30:03.200 street to change them. This wasn't about the minor disagreement 0:30:03.240 --> 0:30:06.040 between two parties. It was about fighting for the right 0:30:06.080 --> 0:30:10.320 to live their lives without a boot. On their next election, 0:30:10.440 --> 0:30:14.520 had delivered victory to Asan Suki's National League for Democracy 0:30:14.680 --> 0:30:17.240 and delivered a resounding vote of no confidence in the 0:30:17.240 --> 0:30:20.200 political arm of the top of the door, the nation's military. 0:30:20.680 --> 0:30:23.719 It's worth noting here that yes, we are compressing some 0:30:23.760 --> 0:30:27.400 complex things. The elections weren't perfect, and people in areas 0:30:27.400 --> 0:30:30.680 that were largely non Berman tend not to support the NLD. 0:30:31.360 --> 0:30:34.360 The NLD had failed to prevent a genocide, but in 0:30:34.400 --> 0:30:36.680 the country that was well accustomed to harsh military rule, 0:30:37.120 --> 0:30:39.240 there remained a better option than a military which saw 0:30:39.320 --> 0:30:41.600 ruling is its right and it's sold just a separate 0:30:41.640 --> 0:30:45.280 from the citizens. So when the military lost a record 0:30:45.360 --> 0:30:49.080 number of seats. Everyone knew what would happen next, the 0:30:49.120 --> 0:30:52.160 same thing that happened in the same thing that always 0:30:52.200 --> 0:30:54.320 happened when the people came a little too close to 0:30:54.360 --> 0:30:58.400 taking power from their military. So that happened on the 0:30:58.600 --> 0:31:02.960 very first one and the first few days we didn't 0:31:02.960 --> 0:31:05.800 know what to do. We I mean we we knew 0:31:05.880 --> 0:31:08.560 the military was going to make it coop because one 0:31:08.680 --> 0:31:13.200 the analogy won the election. That's why. That's how it started, 0:31:13.280 --> 0:31:16.640 right and then and the military saying that they you know, 0:31:16.680 --> 0:31:19.920 they cheated, they like, I don't know how to say, 0:31:19.960 --> 0:31:22.440 they like funked up the votes, and you know, they 0:31:22.480 --> 0:31:25.480 make themselves win. It wasn't true. I mean, the military, 0:31:25.760 --> 0:31:28.240 what's not gonna win at all? Like it was because, 0:31:28.280 --> 0:31:30.960 like I said, there were changes. You know, people saw 0:31:31.000 --> 0:31:34.719 those changes, and and people were saying, yes, if she 0:31:34.840 --> 0:31:37.440 had one more you know, like four more years, qight 0:31:37.480 --> 0:31:40.600 more years, she could make a real difference. Those first 0:31:40.640 --> 0:31:44.719 few days of protest, everyone says felt hopeful, just like 0:31:44.760 --> 0:31:47.840 our protagonists and Zor who he met in the previous episode, 0:31:48.360 --> 0:31:51.160 thousands of young people ran into the streets and found 0:31:51.160 --> 0:31:54.360 solidarity in a simple politics to fuck that guy. There 0:31:54.400 --> 0:31:59.040 were so many people man insane, so in reality there 0:31:59.160 --> 0:32:02.240 was I think two hundred thousand people that day. The 0:32:02.280 --> 0:32:04.960 marches got bigger every day and it seemed like nothing 0:32:05.000 --> 0:32:09.600 could stop them. Briefly, Western news organizations public stories and 0:32:09.680 --> 0:32:11.840 everyone hoped that the U N or the U S 0:32:12.040 --> 0:32:14.280 or EU would show up and the Top Meadow will 0:32:14.320 --> 0:32:21.040 be dealt with once and for all. Yeah, I was 0:32:21.080 --> 0:32:23.719 trying to film, but then one of the guy pointed 0:32:23.760 --> 0:32:25.640 a gun at me and I was like, but none 0:32:25.640 --> 0:32:28.640 of that happened. The stories stopped. The West never sent 0:32:28.720 --> 0:32:32.200 a single bullet or soldier, and the Top Meda deployed thousands. 0:32:32.800 --> 0:32:35.680 Even after a year. All the boys remember the first 0:32:35.720 --> 0:32:38.760 time they saw the force of the state turned against them. 0:32:38.800 --> 0:32:41.680 Even before he got out of the border town of Milwadi, 0:32:41.960 --> 0:32:44.280 and he saw the Top Medau begin to fight back 0:32:44.320 --> 0:32:47.160 against the movement that had grown up to oppose them. 0:32:47.200 --> 0:32:49.360 It's a story we heard from everyone we spoke to. 0:32:49.720 --> 0:32:53.080 Once they began organizing, the cops started trying to infiltrate 0:32:53.120 --> 0:32:56.480 their groups. I think police and military started realizing that 0:32:56.560 --> 0:32:59.640 we are that group too, so then they started trying 0:32:59.680 --> 0:33:02.520 to like tracked down. So there was one night where 0:33:03.040 --> 0:33:04.880 two of the guys almost got arrested and then they 0:33:04.960 --> 0:33:08.120 ran away and then we're like, okay, they were kind 0:33:08.120 --> 0:33:11.960 of following us. Yeah yeah, And so after a week, Um, 0:33:12.640 --> 0:33:15.480 the same thing happened. I was living because I wasn't 0:33:15.480 --> 0:33:18.480 from yality. They didn't know I was just a new face, 0:33:18.560 --> 0:33:20.440 so they didn't really know where I lived or you know, 0:33:20.680 --> 0:33:22.520 and I always like take like two or three taxi 0:33:22.680 --> 0:33:27.280 just to get to where I was there. Yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, 0:33:27.360 --> 0:33:30.040 but the same place or you like switching. No, that 0:33:30.120 --> 0:33:31.800 was the same place, but it was out of town. 0:33:32.480 --> 0:33:35.200 Three of his friends got arrested. They're still in jail. 0:33:35.920 --> 0:33:38.800 Actually in jail is the best case scenario because the 0:33:38.800 --> 0:33:42.400 top medal make a habit of executing captured activists. The 0:33:42.480 --> 0:33:45.120 stakes were life and death at every moment, and covering 0:33:45.120 --> 0:33:47.280 the movement on a daily basis took its toll on 0:33:47.360 --> 0:33:51.720 Andy and his brothers too. So my younger brother, Um, 0:33:51.760 --> 0:33:54.560 they were in the capital city and that the first 0:33:54.600 --> 0:33:57.880 time the military killed someone, they were there, they were 0:33:57.920 --> 0:33:59.920 in the same protest, so they saw the whole thing, 0:34:00.160 --> 0:34:03.920 and you know, they were traumatized. And so I thought 0:34:03.920 --> 0:34:05.800 at the second time, I went back and I thought, well, 0:34:05.840 --> 0:34:10.320 you know, like it's better to bring them all together 0:34:10.400 --> 0:34:12.200 with me, like in the same place that we do 0:34:12.239 --> 0:34:15.080 it together than all of us spread out everywhere, you know. 0:34:15.239 --> 0:34:18.839 And like I said, my family's military on the military side, 0:34:18.880 --> 0:34:22.000 so they didn't like that my brothers were going out 0:34:22.040 --> 0:34:24.959 to protest. So that I was like, Okay, I'm gonna 0:34:25.000 --> 0:34:28.759 bring you guys, um, and yeah, so we did all that. 0:34:29.040 --> 0:34:31.920 We did the young protests together, six of us. They 0:34:31.960 --> 0:34:34.520 came face to face with the potential cost of their 0:34:34.520 --> 0:34:38.360 struggle and they were in neapedal when that happened. They 0:34:40.239 --> 0:34:44.080 and it's it's military city, so it's very heavily controlled 0:34:44.080 --> 0:34:46.359 by the military. And the first time they went out 0:34:46.400 --> 0:34:53.160 to the protest um, the military shoot people. And he was, yeah, 0:34:53.480 --> 0:34:56.879 there was like these trucks with the water penants. So 0:34:56.960 --> 0:35:00.719 he got here by one and like he he wasn't 0:35:00.760 --> 0:35:03.200 feeling well, so they took him to the angulands. But 0:35:03.239 --> 0:35:05.799 then once he got in there, there was a guy 0:35:05.880 --> 0:35:10.840 without his eyes because they shot like broad bullets into him. Um, 0:35:11.000 --> 0:35:17.160 he was When Andy says Napierda is a military city, 0:35:17.320 --> 0:35:19.880 he isn't just saying it's a city like Colleen, Texas 0:35:20.000 --> 0:35:23.400 or San Diego Napioda is a city created out of 0:35:23.440 --> 0:35:26.040 nothing starting in two thousand two to be a capital 0:35:26.080 --> 0:35:28.960 for Myanmar. If you've seen it at all, it's probably 0:35:29.000 --> 0:35:31.920 in a TV show that mocks the totalitarian excess of 0:35:31.960 --> 0:35:35.080 building seven lane motorways in a city that was until 0:35:35.160 --> 0:35:39.200 recently only populated by the people building it. Top Gear 0:35:39.239 --> 0:35:41.960 played car football on the empty freeways, and the TV 0:35:42.040 --> 0:35:45.600 show Dark Tourists also featured the city. Today, it is 0:35:45.640 --> 0:35:49.080 a real city with a real population, but everything about 0:35:49.080 --> 0:35:52.720 it was designed to reinforce authority. And yet the boys 0:35:52.719 --> 0:35:55.440 and thousands of others took to the streets here, streets 0:35:55.440 --> 0:35:57.799 built to reinforce the power of the people they were 0:35:57.800 --> 0:36:01.360 fighting to demand that the military listened to them. Andy 0:36:01.400 --> 0:36:03.359 shows us a picture of the man with his eyes 0:36:03.440 --> 0:36:06.040 shot out. It looks how you think it would, and 0:36:06.080 --> 0:36:08.520 it is worth noting that shooting people's eyes out is 0:36:08.560 --> 0:36:13.120 a time honored international policing tactic. US cops shot more 0:36:13.160 --> 0:36:15.200 than a hundred and fifteen people in the face with 0:36:15.280 --> 0:36:19.000 less lethal munitions, thirty suffered permanent damage to their eyes. 0:36:19.800 --> 0:36:23.200 But in Myanmar everything escalated several levels higher than that. 0:36:23.560 --> 0:36:26.880 Shooting out eyes wasn't radical violence. For the Totmadal, they 0:36:26.920 --> 0:36:30.480 treated it more like stretching before a run. In one protest, 0:36:30.600 --> 0:36:33.359 the boys saw some drunk people tossing water bottles at 0:36:33.360 --> 0:36:38.160 the police. The police responded with live gunfire from the 0:36:38.200 --> 0:36:43.320 police can fall. The people's are turned to the side 0:36:44.120 --> 0:36:50.880 and the retreat. Yeah, yeah, very intense situation. Peoples are running. 0:36:51.400 --> 0:36:57.760 They also some guys during rocks back to the police. 0:36:58.640 --> 0:37:02.719 That's when the police shooting. Andy translated the next part 0:37:02.760 --> 0:37:09.040 for us. He so he was in the protest and 0:37:09.080 --> 0:37:12.839 then they started shooting, and he ran away and got 0:37:12.840 --> 0:37:17.400 a mail. But he was not in his neighborhood or 0:37:17.680 --> 0:37:20.440 in his area of the city. He was somewhere else. 0:37:21.080 --> 0:37:23.440 Um So when they started running, he didn't have anywhere 0:37:23.440 --> 0:37:26.839 to go. And then someone um like accepted him at 0:37:26.840 --> 0:37:38.000 the house. They say, coming, coming, and he hid and yeah, 0:37:38.640 --> 0:37:40.560 so yeah, he hid in that house for like two 0:37:40.560 --> 0:37:43.359 hours until the shooting stopped. It wasn't until they got 0:37:43.400 --> 0:37:46.239 home that they realized the police had killed someone. In 0:37:46.280 --> 0:37:49.120 the early days of what became the revolution, people formed 0:37:49.160 --> 0:37:51.880 tight bonds and made radical commitments in the form of 0:37:51.960 --> 0:37:54.239 legal activity. Well, the top of the door was still 0:37:54.280 --> 0:37:57.520 scrambling to counter the counter coup. Everyone felt the clamp 0:37:57.520 --> 0:38:00.920 down bite at a different time. It longer than average 0:38:00.920 --> 0:38:02.479 for the cops to find the mirror and her carter 0:38:02.560 --> 0:38:06.200 of revolutionaries, but eventually that day came. It came, and 0:38:06.320 --> 0:38:08.200 she and her friends were gathered in a T shirt 0:38:08.280 --> 0:38:12.920 preparing for an action. At that time on that day, 0:38:13.120 --> 0:38:21.640 they are trying to protects in a sandal provenience. Uh 0:38:22.000 --> 0:38:25.920 so before the protests that they catering the people at 0:38:25.920 --> 0:38:31.280 the T shop. Uh. They sitting in the table with 0:38:31.280 --> 0:38:37.480 with her teams about including her five people, but she 0:38:37.640 --> 0:38:42.240 had to go and give the banner to the other groups. 0:38:43.360 --> 0:38:48.719 So she's leaving just about like this match. And then 0:38:49.360 --> 0:38:53.239 then the soldiers came into the tea shop and then 0:38:53.960 --> 0:39:01.040 arrested her teammates. She's lucky to escape it, yeah, really narrowed, 0:39:01.200 --> 0:39:06.439 you know. Yeah, so did she could leave immediately? Yeah? Yeah, 0:39:06.560 --> 0:39:12.360 So that's how she came here because her teammates know 0:39:13.080 --> 0:39:17.640 where she left, her house and everything. So she has 0:39:17.719 --> 0:39:20.880 no choice to stay in the Younger, but that she 0:39:21.000 --> 0:39:26.560 stay organizing her teams to the protests in the Younger 0:39:26.800 --> 0:39:29.920 from here? From here? What her parents think when she 0:39:29.920 --> 0:39:38.839 had to leave, So her parents told her the survival. 0:39:40.239 --> 0:39:44.200 It's the first so she can do whatever she wants 0:39:44.600 --> 0:39:48.160 and then but she have to be on her own. Okay, 0:39:48.200 --> 0:39:53.640 well yeah, and then they don't they agree, you know, 0:39:53.800 --> 0:39:58.000 like if she wants to leave, just leave. If she 0:39:58.000 --> 0:40:02.160 stay want to do the you know, uh, protesting or 0:40:02.200 --> 0:40:06.960 whatever she wants, and they're not saying no to her, 0:40:08.000 --> 0:40:10.600 but they're not supporting. They just sort of thing she's 0:40:10.600 --> 0:40:14.439 on her own. Yeah, she's on her own. That's that's 0:40:14.480 --> 0:40:18.120 how last night I told you guys that she lost 0:40:18.160 --> 0:40:22.000 her inheritance. Uh, like you know, she had to give 0:40:22.120 --> 0:40:26.680 up on everything. Well, every in San Francisco. T K 0:40:26.840 --> 0:40:28.840 could see what was happening through his scouts on the 0:40:28.840 --> 0:40:32.480 ground and soldiers post on Facebook. He started to amass 0:40:32.480 --> 0:40:35.319 a huge amount of intel. He also knew where the 0:40:35.360 --> 0:40:38.640 underground groups and obedience movement centers were in the city's 0:40:39.320 --> 0:40:41.120 and when he saw the cops of the military coming 0:40:41.120 --> 0:40:43.080 for them, he was able to give them their heads up. 0:40:43.719 --> 0:40:49.320 So whenever we we have like you know, information about 0:40:49.760 --> 0:40:55.360 from the you know, some cd M soldiers, some CIDIUM police, 0:40:55.640 --> 0:40:59.279 and then they gave him the informations had so we 0:40:59.360 --> 0:41:02.799 got to inform mentions. So like okay, those guys are 0:41:02.840 --> 0:41:06.640 going to the you know, let's say, okay, this place 0:41:07.200 --> 0:41:12.399 and within one hour so from that place wherever living 0:41:12.520 --> 0:41:17.200 the underground kings move out to get out. Yeah, get out. Yeah. 0:41:17.360 --> 0:41:20.919 So so so that kind of things are with with that, 0:41:21.040 --> 0:41:23.799 we save a lot of people. And then we got 0:41:23.920 --> 0:41:37.680 arrested people too, But we also saved people. Everyone we 0:41:37.760 --> 0:41:40.480 spoke to told us the same story. They went into 0:41:40.480 --> 0:41:42.480 the street thinking that if they made enough noise, the 0:41:42.480 --> 0:41:45.120 world would listen, and that the US or the EU 0:41:45.280 --> 0:41:48.000 or the u N would defend democracy and invoked their 0:41:48.000 --> 0:41:51.440 responsibility to protect innocent people being gunned down in the street. 0:41:52.440 --> 0:41:56.120 To quote from the online publication The Diplomat, endorsed by 0:41:56.160 --> 0:41:58.839 all Member States of the United Dations in two thousand five, 0:41:59.400 --> 0:42:03.560 are two advances a potentially revolutionary idea that state sovereignty 0:42:03.680 --> 0:42:06.839 entails a responsibility for government to protect its population from 0:42:06.840 --> 0:42:10.640 massive trustee crimes and human rights violations. When a nation 0:42:10.719 --> 0:42:14.120 fails to exercise this responsibility, our two P grant the 0:42:14.160 --> 0:42:18.400 international community the legal warrant to intervene. The doctrine authorizes 0:42:18.440 --> 0:42:20.960 the use for a range of coercive tools, with military 0:42:20.960 --> 0:42:24.640 intervention as a last resort. People in Myanma thought that 0:42:24.680 --> 0:42:27.840 if they were peaceful, civil and respectable, the government of 0:42:27.880 --> 0:42:30.400 the world would do the right thing. The government of 0:42:30.440 --> 0:42:33.759 the world, however, didn't give a fuck. But yeah, so 0:42:33.800 --> 0:42:36.680 the protests are very very peaceful, you know. It's it's 0:42:36.800 --> 0:42:39.880 when you go into the protest, it's very peaceful, very organized, 0:42:40.480 --> 0:42:45.320 very um it's they try to make it look so clean, 0:42:45.520 --> 0:42:49.600 so nice because I guess you know, no, it was 0:42:49.800 --> 0:42:51.799 at the beginning they were trying to get attention from 0:42:51.880 --> 0:42:55.279 the international community, and they were hoping that someone will 0:42:55.320 --> 0:42:57.840 come in and say, you know, take down the military 0:42:57.880 --> 0:43:01.480 and put our government back. Yeah, a lot of people die, 0:43:02.200 --> 0:43:05.480 just like there was this saying like to you, and 0:43:05.560 --> 0:43:08.359 you know, people were saying how many like how many 0:43:08.520 --> 0:43:11.839 dead people do you need for you to take action? Right? 0:43:12.200 --> 0:43:14.200 And there are people saying I will if you need 0:43:14.239 --> 0:43:16.719 one more, I'll be that person. I'll just sucking die. 0:43:17.160 --> 0:43:18.920 I'll just get killed by the military so that you 0:43:18.960 --> 0:43:21.280 will come in and fix it and change the situation 0:43:21.280 --> 0:43:24.799 in the country. Right. A Mirror felt the same. She 0:43:24.840 --> 0:43:28.160 even organized the protest five people displaying the map of 0:43:28.200 --> 0:43:30.480 the whole country on the river and you ain't going 0:43:31.400 --> 0:43:34.000 She called it a suicide mission, but she thought it 0:43:34.040 --> 0:43:36.279 would send a visible signal to the world and it 0:43:36.360 --> 0:43:43.680 was worth risking her life to make the statement. At 0:43:43.719 --> 0:43:49.120 the time, she she she didn't know anything about the politics, 0:43:49.680 --> 0:43:55.920 so she believed in our TWOPI because people are protesting peacefully, 0:43:56.160 --> 0:44:00.120 but the government take the action. So other countries are 0:44:00.160 --> 0:44:03.719 gonna wait in and see and then they're gonna take 0:44:03.719 --> 0:44:07.120 the actions about that. That's what she believed in. And 0:44:07.120 --> 0:44:12.800 then she she decided to go protesting Peacefolly Theater And Okay, 0:44:12.960 --> 0:44:16.080 did she think that other countries, United States, whatever, we're 0:44:16.120 --> 0:44:19.719 gonna come in and intervene. Yeah, yeah, that that that's 0:44:19.719 --> 0:44:22.480 what she thought, Like, you know, I want the wall seal, 0:44:22.960 --> 0:44:26.560 the government take the actions and the convernment killing people 0:44:27.040 --> 0:44:30.120 and if they if the war knows, and then we 0:44:30.480 --> 0:44:33.720 can get a hab from the front. The other countries 0:44:34.520 --> 0:44:37.440 where they did find support within other countries in Asia, 0:44:37.480 --> 0:44:41.520 fighting games dictatorship, they formed the so called nulk Ti Alliance. 0:44:41.960 --> 0:44:44.040 Drough on the example of Hong Kong to learn how 0:44:44.120 --> 0:44:46.080 to stay in the streets when the government doesn't want 0:44:46.080 --> 0:44:48.960 you there. But then when it happens in our country, 0:44:48.960 --> 0:44:51.640 it's like, oh fuck, where does it happen before. And 0:44:51.680 --> 0:44:53.879 then we went back straight with Hong Kong and there 0:44:53.960 --> 0:44:55.919 was it's not just us, like, there were so much 0:44:56.000 --> 0:44:58.640 infographics and like you know, how to be in the protests, 0:44:58.640 --> 0:45:02.040 how to do certain things. It depending on the situation. Um, 0:45:02.120 --> 0:45:04.000 so we had a lot of information. We were yeah, 0:45:04.000 --> 0:45:06.680 we were looking through and I think that these are 0:45:06.719 --> 0:45:08.680 the same thing that like people in Hong Kong used, 0:45:08.800 --> 0:45:12.279 I think, but Hong Kong didn't have sniper shooting kids 0:45:12.280 --> 0:45:15.920 in the head or cops faring rifles blindly into crowds. 0:45:15.960 --> 0:45:18.120 But then later on, like by the time we got 0:45:18.120 --> 0:45:20.719 too young and people were sitting down, they were little protests. 0:45:20.880 --> 0:45:23.600 What the military does is they would come in and 0:45:23.640 --> 0:45:28.200 they would just start shooting everyone. There was no there's 0:45:28.239 --> 0:45:30.960 no negotiation, there was no hey, guys, can you move 0:45:31.040 --> 0:45:33.600 and then you know any any of that stuff. They 0:45:33.600 --> 0:45:37.839 were coming and they would treat this as a battlefield. 0:45:38.320 --> 0:45:40.480 And it didn't take a while, and didn't well, it 0:45:40.560 --> 0:45:42.680 did take a while. I think it's it took about 0:45:42.760 --> 0:45:45.080 like a month and a half for us to finally say, 0:45:45.560 --> 0:45:49.560 fuck the peaceful protests, the international community, they're not coming. 0:45:50.040 --> 0:45:51.640 If they would have come, they would have come a 0:45:51.640 --> 0:45:54.200 long time ago, you know, and we started fighting back. 0:45:54.520 --> 0:45:56.400 But when we say we fight back, it's like molt 0:45:56.400 --> 0:46:01.160 to cut tails slingshots. Dr Wondon exactly when and how 0:46:01.239 --> 0:46:04.600 police were killing people. He would spend his days charging 0:46:04.680 --> 0:46:08.799 people who would survive from those who might not make it. Soon, 0:46:09.480 --> 0:46:11.919 the worst nightmares of his medical team are coming true 0:46:11.960 --> 0:46:15.200 and the police began seizing his colleagues the alleged crime 0:46:15.480 --> 0:46:20.800 of saving lives. I remember before the military Melify police, 0:46:20.800 --> 0:46:25.879 a military man totally totally intruded our hospital one day. 0:46:26.120 --> 0:46:29.880 I think at the middle of their may. Okay, they 0:46:29.960 --> 0:46:35.799 totally intruded our hospital because the they have hearts our 0:46:35.920 --> 0:46:40.200 city and doctors are doing operation at that hospital because 0:46:40.320 --> 0:46:44.080 we have no more another police like that. Roum Trauma 0:46:44.120 --> 0:46:47.840 said that we we could give good treat man for 0:46:48.040 --> 0:46:52.399 that Trauma division because we have to take a risk. 0:46:52.920 --> 0:46:56.320 That's what we're gonna take a rest soon. One of 0:46:56.440 --> 0:47:04.160 our concenter was arrested at and Majesty Unity because he 0:47:04.320 --> 0:47:07.839 took he took also his race. But if he wasn't here, 0:47:08.520 --> 0:47:12.480 his junior can't handle that situation. You know. You know, 0:47:13.200 --> 0:47:17.040 so many tense hand dress injury endure patient on that day, 0:47:18.200 --> 0:47:21.040 mostly are can't you our pasion? You know, some are 0:47:21.200 --> 0:47:26.719 open at domen open limbs. Okay, so we have so 0:47:26.920 --> 0:47:31.600 many prices on that not things only got worse. Yeah. Yeah. 0:47:31.640 --> 0:47:37.320 There was a pregnant woman who got shot and obviously 0:47:37.400 --> 0:47:40.600 with the kids, and she died because she accepted like 0:47:40.719 --> 0:47:44.200 twenty protesters in her house and when they came, they 0:47:44.280 --> 0:47:49.799 shot and she wasn't like five weeks. Oh it's it's 0:47:50.840 --> 0:47:55.520 you can see that she was pregnant. Molty used straight 0:47:55.600 --> 0:47:58.480 up real bullets, like they don't give a ship, They 0:47:58.520 --> 0:48:01.640 don't give a ship. That the way the military control 0:48:01.760 --> 0:48:05.520 people is fear right, So then they want people to 0:48:05.760 --> 0:48:10.040 see that if you go against me, you'll die horribly, 0:48:10.680 --> 0:48:15.040 and they shoot hat. We saw so many faces with holes, 0:48:15.640 --> 0:48:17.479 you know, so many people with holes in their face, 0:48:18.080 --> 0:48:19.960 and it was fucked up, and it was scary because 0:48:20.120 --> 0:48:22.600 every time you go out, you're saying, that could be me, 0:48:23.120 --> 0:48:25.040 that could be my brothers, that could be you know. 0:48:25.880 --> 0:48:30.480 Very quickly the revolution organized itself, not with hierarchies, officers 0:48:30.680 --> 0:48:34.200 or vanguard parties. The people who existed in those roles 0:48:34.239 --> 0:48:37.719 had already been arrested or fled, so instead the revolution 0:48:37.800 --> 0:48:40.200 started with people giving whatever they could to the struggle 0:48:40.320 --> 0:48:44.480 and taking whatever they needed to get by. The revolutionaries reinterviewed. 0:48:44.719 --> 0:48:46.960 All initially thought that the struggle would be sure, that 0:48:47.040 --> 0:48:49.480 the world would come to their aid, but even when 0:48:49.520 --> 0:48:51.359 it became clear that this was not the case, they 0:48:51.400 --> 0:48:54.399 continue to fight under the logic that's better to die 0:48:54.600 --> 0:48:57.319 than live with a bluet on your neck. They took 0:48:57.480 --> 0:49:00.239 all the leaders from the opposition side, so there was 0:49:00.320 --> 0:49:02.960 no one to tell us what to do. There was 0:49:03.000 --> 0:49:06.479 no instructions, right, so there was like two days of Okay, 0:49:06.560 --> 0:49:08.560 what the funk do we do? You know? And then 0:49:09.040 --> 0:49:12.520 people started protesting, but small, like very small, and then 0:49:13.440 --> 0:49:15.440 I think after like five days, then there was like 0:49:15.680 --> 0:49:20.320 two d people everywhere, Like now that I remember the 0:49:20.520 --> 0:49:24.000 first day we arrived, I mean, we haven't seen each 0:49:24.000 --> 0:49:26.880 other since COVID started, so it was like rather, you know, 0:49:27.040 --> 0:49:31.319 back again and together. And then yeah, it was quite 0:49:31.360 --> 0:49:33.560 fun for like one night and then we're all hanging 0:49:33.600 --> 0:49:35.960 out and trying to plan what we're gonna do the 0:49:36.080 --> 0:49:40.360 next day. So basically we kind of planned that, like 0:49:40.719 --> 0:49:43.880 each of us had a rule, and our plan was 0:49:43.960 --> 0:49:47.839 to go out and kind of be like a media crew. Right, 0:49:47.920 --> 0:49:51.759 So we're filming, we're writing news, we're posting on the 0:49:51.840 --> 0:49:55.040 internet so that everywhere else people can see it. Um. 0:49:56.440 --> 0:49:59.280 So yeah, two of us are like the camera people, 0:49:59.800 --> 0:50:03.200 and then this too. They look out for the roads 0:50:03.280 --> 0:50:06.440 and streets, like because these places we've never been, right 0:50:06.520 --> 0:50:09.440 Danuel in these areas, So whenever we go to a protest, 0:50:09.719 --> 0:50:11.960 we'll sit down or we'll walk around and take photos 0:50:12.040 --> 0:50:15.720 while these twos goes around and look for the fastest escapes. 0:50:16.160 --> 0:50:18.000 You know, if the military come in, what would be 0:50:18.040 --> 0:50:20.800 the best way to go? Would you know? Escape? And 0:50:20.920 --> 0:50:23.920 then him another one. They kind of look after us. 0:50:24.080 --> 0:50:28.200 They look at the news to see what's happening around us, 0:50:28.480 --> 0:50:31.080 so that if there's an post on Facebook saying, oh 0:50:31.120 --> 0:50:34.160 there's a military truck heading towards you, we kind of 0:50:34.760 --> 0:50:40.400 be prepared, you know. But yeah, that was yeah, so 0:50:40.719 --> 0:50:42.560 we had a lot of energy at that time. It 0:50:42.680 --> 0:50:48.440 was like constant. We were going out out and you 0:50:48.520 --> 0:50:51.400 can see like it's always following me, like that's me 0:50:51.560 --> 0:50:54.400 and leaving him and he's always following me everywhere I go, 0:50:54.600 --> 0:50:57.359 so that's something happening and just grab me around. Well, 0:50:57.400 --> 0:50:59.879 the boys and Andy were reporting. Amira found her call 0:51:00.080 --> 0:51:02.920 on the front lines. It's almost impossible to stress how 0:51:03.000 --> 0:51:06.640 incredible she is. Before we recorded, she casually dropped into 0:51:06.680 --> 0:51:10.320 conversation that she also trained in knife fighting sometimes. We 0:51:10.440 --> 0:51:12.480 met her at a shooting range near my soft and 0:51:12.600 --> 0:51:15.239 blasted a few paper targets together with a twelve gage 0:51:15.280 --> 0:51:17.640 shotgun we've been using for a bit of target practice. 0:51:18.080 --> 0:51:20.800 When it jammed, and it always jammed, she cleared the 0:51:20.840 --> 0:51:23.080 chamber and got it back into action with a practiced 0:51:23.160 --> 0:51:27.000 efficiency that any formally trained soldier would have recognized. In 0:51:27.040 --> 0:51:29.560 the revolution, it didn't take long for her to find 0:51:29.600 --> 0:51:31.759 her way to the front lines, and she's got the 0:51:31.800 --> 0:51:34.319 scars to prove it, including some from hucking a tear 0:51:34.360 --> 0:51:38.120 gas grenade bare handed back at the cops. Others adopted 0:51:38.239 --> 0:51:40.600 roles to Some picked up shields and took on the 0:51:40.640 --> 0:51:44.359 police toe to toe. Other supported protesters with medical aid 0:51:44.440 --> 0:51:47.880 and food and water. So you can see the shield 0:51:48.040 --> 0:51:51.120 two three, four or five two Yeah, to make it 0:51:51.560 --> 0:51:54.439 and then you can see like they have these wet 0:51:55.239 --> 0:51:59.560 plus did bad too, like watch people's faces when they 0:51:59.600 --> 0:52:04.160 are two or like um two killed the smokes with 0:52:04.360 --> 0:52:07.240 the have what towels too, and then there's someone always 0:52:07.280 --> 0:52:11.279 watering it like you see here. Yeah, and this is 0:52:11.320 --> 0:52:15.160 all from the neighborhood like they provided to us. They 0:52:15.239 --> 0:52:18.279 built barricades and even developed a system of communications for 0:52:18.360 --> 0:52:20.880 when things were getting violent. This allowed folks who were 0:52:20.920 --> 0:52:23.440 not comfortable to get away, or at least that was 0:52:23.520 --> 0:52:29.200 the goal. So the white flag means like we have 0:52:29.480 --> 0:52:32.280 this place, like this is our But then the black 0:52:32.360 --> 0:52:35.200 flag means will suck you up back, like if you've 0:52:35.280 --> 0:52:38.319 done so much that we're gonna suck you up. You know, um, 0:52:38.480 --> 0:52:40.359 I have a video of it. Wanted changed to from 0:52:40.440 --> 0:52:45.480 white to black. Their tactics improved over time. When one 0:52:45.520 --> 0:52:48.040 group got kettled, another group would pop up nearby and 0:52:48.160 --> 0:52:53.799 draw soldiers away. Oh yeah, sure way. And then there 0:52:53.920 --> 0:52:56.400 was one time when one of one part of the 0:52:56.520 --> 0:53:00.279 city was enter attacked by the military. A lot of 0:53:00.360 --> 0:53:03.400 protesters were trapped in there, and so we decided to 0:53:03.480 --> 0:53:06.640 go out. So every other part of the city came 0:53:06.680 --> 0:53:10.120 out at nighttime to protest, so that they soldiers have 0:53:10.239 --> 0:53:14.080 to connect. Yeah, a mirror too, came face to face 0:53:14.200 --> 0:53:19.719 with state violence. Oh yeah, che yeah, Ballodi and d 0:53:20.080 --> 0:53:23.080 she read thrown in and she wants she wants to 0:53:23.200 --> 0:53:28.800 take the action path because they are all protesting peace 0:53:28.840 --> 0:53:33.279 folly and at that time she wants to have a superpower. 0:53:34.280 --> 0:53:38.160 M m yeah, maybe she does. What what did she 0:53:38.640 --> 0:53:40.400 what did she decided to do? What wouldn't they do 0:53:41.800 --> 0:53:45.240 at that time? And she feels like she's going until 0:53:45.760 --> 0:53:48.839 the act and then she would keep moving and then 0:53:48.920 --> 0:53:53.520 she was participate in every role that she can and 0:53:53.600 --> 0:53:56.560 then she would do as much as she can. That's 0:53:56.680 --> 0:54:00.840 that's what she decided to We saw that picture of 0:54:00.920 --> 0:54:03.200 her in front of the car. It was burnie. Yeah, 0:54:03.280 --> 0:54:06.960 we're happened there with a throwing molotov cocktails. Yeah okay, 0:54:07.560 --> 0:54:10.640 so like smoke bombs and then something like that, and 0:54:10.719 --> 0:54:14.520 then she's trying to tow them back the picture. Yeah yeah, yeah, 0:54:14.560 --> 0:54:16.640 so she picked it out and then she told them back, 0:54:17.239 --> 0:54:20.879 hurt your hand, Yeah you have a scar fucking well 0:54:21.200 --> 0:54:27.759 yeah yeah. Then uh she got hit by the smoke 0:54:27.840 --> 0:54:32.680 bone like a twice. And then at the time she 0:54:32.880 --> 0:54:36.280 lost everything. She lost her bags, she lost her phones, 0:54:36.760 --> 0:54:41.960 and someone have her to hold and took her back. 0:54:42.760 --> 0:54:46.600 That's how she escaped. They helped you. You know who 0:54:46.640 --> 0:54:48.360 helped you with it? A friend or just a stranger. 0:54:48.800 --> 0:54:51.840 Her friends is with her and I went to to 0:54:51.960 --> 0:54:58.000 your guess hit down, and then the other strangers had them, 0:54:58.719 --> 0:55:01.120 and then she got hit by that your guess, and 0:55:01.160 --> 0:55:03.879 then and then she almost faint and a black out. 0:55:05.800 --> 0:55:09.240 Our doctor who goes by wonder face a difficult choice. 0:55:09.800 --> 0:55:13.120 Returning to the hospital meant risking arrest. The military could 0:55:13.160 --> 0:55:16.080 come in any time to arrest injured protesters, and the 0:55:16.160 --> 0:55:19.480 doctors helping them, but not going back then letting his 0:55:19.600 --> 0:55:24.719 comrades die. State violence increased. He decided he needed to help. 0:55:25.680 --> 0:55:29.880 They killed so many paceful protester on that day, I 0:55:29.960 --> 0:55:33.319 think around about nearly round about hand or more might 0:55:33.400 --> 0:55:37.320 be more than that, Yes, on that day, you know, 0:55:38.120 --> 0:55:44.279 or because we have already we have already started see 0:55:44.360 --> 0:55:48.200 that this Orvidian movement on that on that time, because 0:55:48.600 --> 0:55:53.520 we didn't go the hospital there that was room by 0:55:53.800 --> 0:55:59.320 that generate Okay, okay, so we dear outside the hospital, 0:55:59.440 --> 0:56:03.760 you know, we we managed temporary camp like that because 0:56:03.880 --> 0:56:08.160 for emergency in Joel patient. At that time, I was 0:56:08.320 --> 0:56:13.360 involved one of the term side. Yeah, because but actually 0:56:13.480 --> 0:56:16.840 we can't do uh, some of the injury of pelet 0:56:16.960 --> 0:56:23.359 that may need for emergency operations like that bullet go through, Yeah, 0:56:23.560 --> 0:56:27.480 go to break the bombs and open wound. So but 0:56:27.880 --> 0:56:30.440 we have to take the risk because we have to 0:56:30.520 --> 0:56:35.560 operate that patient. We go to hospital trauma emergency department. 0:56:36.040 --> 0:56:39.200 We did our operation. I remember that night one of 0:56:39.320 --> 0:56:45.360 the patients was shot down by police and they chased, 0:56:45.520 --> 0:56:49.680 they followed that patient. We kept that patient in our 0:56:49.920 --> 0:56:55.360 hospital in our war We emergency or we did emergency 0:56:55.400 --> 0:56:58.920 operation on that at that night, on that night, and 0:56:59.600 --> 0:57:03.440 we imagining move him out on their not because we 0:57:03.800 --> 0:57:08.239 can't keep him on that hospital because ah soon he 0:57:08.520 --> 0:57:12.600 just left our hospital. The police just came and sat 0:57:12.800 --> 0:57:17.160 for him. But it is one of our ice creams. Uh. 0:57:17.640 --> 0:57:21.640 They just quite there again. Yeah, what is that guy? 0:57:22.560 --> 0:57:25.640 T K got on telegram? Lots of people couldn't be 0:57:25.680 --> 0:57:27.720 underground fighting, but they still wanted to be part of 0:57:27.760 --> 0:57:31.120 the struggle. He developed good connections with people on the ground, 0:57:32.000 --> 0:57:34.640 but first that was just him desperately try and stay informed. 0:57:35.240 --> 0:57:37.120 But soon he realized that he was well placed to 0:57:37.160 --> 0:57:40.560 be doing the informing. With internet access cut off and 0:57:40.680 --> 0:57:43.880 VPN is slowing down, only someone outside the country with 0:57:44.000 --> 0:57:46.880 blazing fast Bay Area WiFi could collect all the info 0:57:47.000 --> 0:57:49.960 coming in and turn it into useful, actionable advice for 0:57:50.040 --> 0:57:54.479 protesters on the ground at that time, we know nothing 0:57:54.560 --> 0:57:57.360 about it. No one's no one's teaching us what to do. 0:57:58.560 --> 0:58:01.640 So we have to do it, do it, you know, 0:58:01.800 --> 0:58:04.840 like we we we met. We like I said, we 0:58:04.920 --> 0:58:08.560 have a seventy people. So we have a meeting every day, 0:58:08.720 --> 0:58:13.080 every night. So we're trying to you know, brainstorm me 0:58:13.280 --> 0:58:17.360 what we're gonna do. And then so we're making we're 0:58:17.400 --> 0:58:20.720 making the plans and then we're making like, Okay, we're 0:58:20.760 --> 0:58:24.640 gonna get the informations from you know, everything of details 0:58:24.680 --> 0:58:27.040 that we can get, and that that's we're going to 0:58:27.200 --> 0:58:29.800 share to the people. That's what we're gonna share to 0:58:29.960 --> 0:58:34.520 the underground teams and other people. Within a few weeks, 0:58:34.680 --> 0:58:37.680 it become clear that a diverse range of people, tactics, 0:58:37.720 --> 0:58:39.400 and tools are going to be needed in the fight 0:58:39.480 --> 0:58:42.600 for freedom and Mianda, next time, we'll talk about how 0:58:42.680 --> 0:58:45.320 that fight took shape and tell you what it's like today. 0:59:00.640 --> 0:59:03.200 Sitting at a pool bar and Mason listening to covers 0:59:03.240 --> 0:59:05.640 of Cretan songs by the house band and losing a 0:59:05.720 --> 0:59:08.240 pool against Andy and the boys. It's hard to think 0:59:08.280 --> 0:59:11.760 of them hold up behind a barricade, clutching molotovs, but 0:59:11.880 --> 0:59:14.520 not so long ago. The choices the boys face were 0:59:14.600 --> 0:59:17.680 pretty stark. Every day every time they went out from 0:59:17.720 --> 0:59:20.200 their little apartment, they knew they might not come back. 0:59:20.920 --> 0:59:23.160 But I think the most fucked up thing that we 0:59:23.280 --> 0:59:26.600 had to plan was what if someone get shot one 0:59:26.680 --> 0:59:29.040 of us and the other person have to go carry 0:59:29.720 --> 0:59:32.920 um who do you go? Who gets hits? You know? 0:59:33.080 --> 0:59:35.000 And we had to kind of like what we did 0:59:35.400 --> 0:59:39.000 this now, but like, okay, if I get hit, you know, 0:59:40.000 --> 0:59:42.720 two of you this, this, and this person will come 0:59:42.720 --> 0:59:44.760 out and you know, do this to me because it's 0:59:44.960 --> 0:59:48.040 it's um, I don't know. I think we were planning 0:59:48.080 --> 0:59:52.040 because it just it's just good to have that, you know, 0:59:52.240 --> 0:59:54.680 because if someone gets shot and if all of five 0:59:54.760 --> 0:59:57.840 of us go run in there, there's more targets, you 0:59:57.880 --> 0:59:59.919 know what I mean. So then like if someone would 1:00:00.080 --> 1:00:02.880 weight last weight get shots and you know this person go, 1:00:03.040 --> 1:00:06.120 if someone heavier get shot, this two person go something 1:00:06.200 --> 1:00:09.200 like that. When Andy says like we did earlier, he's 1:00:09.200 --> 1:00:11.760 talking about a small stop the bleed type course that 1:00:11.920 --> 1:00:15.280 we had given the boys. Most journalist operating in war 1:00:15.440 --> 1:00:18.440 zones will take at minimum a week long hostile environment 1:00:18.520 --> 1:00:21.600 and first aid training or heath at course many of 1:00:21.680 --> 1:00:24.360 us will take extra courses. James and I both refreshed 1:00:24.360 --> 1:00:27.720 our wilderness first Responder certificates once we had this trip planned. 1:00:28.240 --> 1:00:30.520 Andy and his brothers didn't have access to any of this. 1:00:30.880 --> 1:00:32.919 They learned what they could off the internet and tried 1:00:33.000 --> 1:00:35.200 to protect themselves as best as they were able with 1:00:35.360 --> 1:00:38.480 gear they purchased from an air soft store. The afternoon 1:00:38.520 --> 1:00:41.520 we spent practicing skills. Wasn't nearly enough, but until they 1:00:41.560 --> 1:00:43.880 can travel safely more than a few miles from the border, 1:00:44.040 --> 1:00:46.920 it was better than nothing. Their little apartment had one 1:00:46.960 --> 1:00:49.400 way in and one way out. If the cops came, 1:00:49.680 --> 1:00:53.439 there was no escape. They had a plan for that too. Yeah, 1:00:53.480 --> 1:00:56.600 so our plan was literally just to burn that fucking 1:00:56.720 --> 1:00:58.920 door down so then it would be difficult for them 1:00:58.960 --> 1:01:01.440 to come in. Then you know, we'll do I don't know, 1:01:01.520 --> 1:01:04.440 whatever we can with the weapon we had um, but 1:01:04.560 --> 1:01:05.880 we weren't going to make it out, you know, And 1:01:06.360 --> 1:01:08.560 having to plan all that with these kids, like it's 1:01:08.600 --> 1:01:11.439 like funked up. There were times that like they wake 1:01:11.520 --> 1:01:14.520 up by night screaming like they you know they I 1:01:14.560 --> 1:01:16.280 think now it's better, right, It's been a year and 1:01:16.320 --> 1:01:19.720 a half and we are like we're better at coping 1:01:19.800 --> 1:01:22.720 with it. But at that time it was very, very scary, 1:01:23.280 --> 1:01:25.320 so that they'd be prepared to burn their door and 1:01:25.360 --> 1:01:27.960 the rest of their apartment down around themselves. The boys 1:01:28.040 --> 1:01:30.800 kept a stockpile of molotovs mixed and ready by the 1:01:30.920 --> 1:01:33.640 front door at all times. They lived in a state 1:01:33.720 --> 1:01:37.680 of permanent readiness to commit revolutionary suicide for weeks on end. 1:01:38.480 --> 1:01:52.040 Eventually they decided they had to flee. We should probably 1:01:52.080 --> 1:01:55.120 talk history here for just a little bit. Me and 1:01:55.240 --> 1:01:57.480 Mar is a new name for a very old land. 1:01:57.880 --> 1:02:00.120 Over the centuries, it's been ruled by a series of 1:02:00.200 --> 1:02:03.400 empires and dynasties. The Mongols took over for a while 1:02:03.480 --> 1:02:05.520 in the twelve hundreds and thirteen hundreds, and when they 1:02:05.640 --> 1:02:08.840 left Lower Burma had a warring states period of its own. 1:02:09.440 --> 1:02:11.920 The modern nation of Burma didn't start to come together 1:02:12.040 --> 1:02:15.160 until the sixteen hundreds and seventeen hundreds, and things didn't 1:02:15.160 --> 1:02:17.840 really congeal into a state until the reign of the 1:02:17.960 --> 1:02:21.720 last two Burmese kings, who industrialized the country and reformed 1:02:21.760 --> 1:02:24.200 its military enough to win a series of wars against 1:02:24.240 --> 1:02:28.200 neighboring groups like the Irakan. This is what brought them 1:02:28.200 --> 1:02:30.840 into conflict with the British Raj right at the turn 1:02:30.920 --> 1:02:34.880 of the nineteenth century. Their wars were sending refugees into India, 1:02:35.080 --> 1:02:37.880 and the Burmese King's designs on Thailand and British controlled 1:02:37.920 --> 1:02:41.520 Bangladesh led to a policy wherein the Bridge supported insurgent 1:02:41.600 --> 1:02:44.960 fighters who struck out at Burmese positions. A series of 1:02:45.040 --> 1:02:48.200 near clashes between British and Burmese forces followed, and in 1:02:48.360 --> 1:02:51.960 January of eighteen twenty four, the Burmese King Bagadah gave 1:02:52.040 --> 1:02:55.520 his generals the order to attack. A pair of brutal 1:02:55.600 --> 1:02:59.120 jungle wars followed, and despite winning several victories early on, 1:02:59.360 --> 1:03:03.440 Burmese true were crushed comprehensively whenever they engaged British forces 1:03:03.480 --> 1:03:07.720 in conventional battles. In January of eighteen eighty six, British 1:03:07.760 --> 1:03:10.640 forces entered the capital, Mandalay and brought an end to 1:03:10.720 --> 1:03:15.520 Burmese independence for almost sixty years. These are the broad 1:03:15.640 --> 1:03:18.120 strokes of the story, as you'll find them summed up 1:03:18.200 --> 1:03:21.800 in almost any history book. As with most colonial history, 1:03:22.000 --> 1:03:26.760 the reality is somewhat messier than that. The Burmese Empire 1:03:26.880 --> 1:03:30.200 the British destroyed was dominated heavily by the Bumah people, 1:03:30.480 --> 1:03:33.080 who gave the colony its name, But there were other 1:03:33.160 --> 1:03:37.240 peoples in the territory. They claimed the Shin, the karin Urakan, 1:03:37.560 --> 1:03:41.400 the Rohinga, and dozens. More Like most empires dominated by 1:03:41.440 --> 1:03:45.120 a single ethnicity, they were brutal. Father San Germano, who 1:03:45.160 --> 1:03:48.240 lived in pre raj Burma, wrote of the king, he 1:03:48.400 --> 1:03:52.080 is considered by himself and others absolute lord of the lives, properties, 1:03:52.120 --> 1:03:55.920 and personal services of his subjects. He exalts into presses, confers, 1:03:55.960 --> 1:03:58.680 and takes away honor and rank, and without any process 1:03:58.720 --> 1:04:01.200 of law, can put to death not only criminals guilty 1:04:01.240 --> 1:04:04.600 of capital offenses, but any individual who happens to incur 1:04:04.760 --> 1:04:07.600 his displeasure. It is here a perilous thing for a 1:04:07.680 --> 1:04:10.400 person to become distinguished for wealth and possessions, for the 1:04:10.480 --> 1:04:12.680 day may easily come when he will be charged with 1:04:12.800 --> 1:04:15.760 some supposed crime and so put to death in order 1:04:15.840 --> 1:04:18.960 that his property may be confiscated. Every subject is the 1:04:19.000 --> 1:04:22.000 Emperor's born slave, and when he calls anyone his slave, 1:04:22.080 --> 1:04:25.120 he thinks thereby to do him honor. Hence, also he 1:04:25.200 --> 1:04:28.200 considers himself entitled to employ his subjects in any work 1:04:28.240 --> 1:04:31.080 of service without salary or pay, and if he makes 1:04:31.160 --> 1:04:33.680 them any recompense, it is done not from a sense 1:04:33.720 --> 1:04:37.240 of justice but as an act of bounty. And while 1:04:37.280 --> 1:04:40.560 Bagudah was a fairly modern king, brutality like this went 1:04:40.640 --> 1:04:43.320 back hundreds of years in the region. Most of the 1:04:43.400 --> 1:04:45.640 kings and princes and other people who ruled the land 1:04:45.720 --> 1:04:48.520 we now call me Anmar did so with brutal force 1:04:48.680 --> 1:04:52.080 and an awful lot of conscription. This is broadly true 1:04:52.120 --> 1:04:55.200 of much of Southeast Asia. Western histories of this region 1:04:55.240 --> 1:04:58.160 tend to flatten life into kingdoms and empires and assume 1:04:58.280 --> 1:05:01.840 life in their region coincidedtically with the lines drawn on maps. 1:05:02.800 --> 1:05:06.120 This was never the case. Much of mainland Southeast Asia, 1:05:06.280 --> 1:05:09.760 from the central highlands of Vietnam through Myanmar, northeast India 1:05:09.800 --> 1:05:13.960 and several southern Chinese provinces, is filled with terrifying mountains 1:05:14.000 --> 1:05:18.320 and brutal hills covered with the densest jungle imaginable. Standing 1:05:18.360 --> 1:05:21.360 in Masot and staring across the border into Myanmar, all 1:05:21.440 --> 1:05:24.520 you see is a vast expanse of jagged, deep green 1:05:24.680 --> 1:05:29.480 peaks rolling endlessly on James and I are both experienced backpackers, 1:05:29.640 --> 1:05:31.320 and neither of us would have wanted to take on 1:05:31.400 --> 1:05:34.640 that terrain without quality gear and weeks of endurance training. 1:05:35.520 --> 1:05:39.400 In an era before planes, helicopters, or satellite communications, this 1:05:39.600 --> 1:05:43.120 area was practically ungovernable. People were aware of this at 1:05:43.160 --> 1:05:45.840 the time, and for roughly the last two thousand years, 1:05:46.200 --> 1:05:50.000 this chunk of highland Southeast Asia, known to political scientists 1:05:50.120 --> 1:05:53.400 as Zonia, has been a refuge for people pushed out 1:05:53.480 --> 1:05:56.280 and put down by the great state powers of the area. 1:05:56.960 --> 1:05:59.440 Empires and kings would stick to the coasts and the 1:05:59.520 --> 1:06:03.400 flat lines, perfect for cultivating rice. When they taxed their 1:06:03.440 --> 1:06:06.240 subjects too hard or conscripted too many of them into 1:06:06.280 --> 1:06:08.840 the military, some would flee to the hills to take 1:06:08.920 --> 1:06:13.520 their freedom. As James C. Scott, a Yale policy professor, writes, 1:06:14.160 --> 1:06:17.680 the frontier operated as a rough and ready homeostatic device. 1:06:18.080 --> 1:06:21.240 The more estate pressed its subjects, the fewer subjects it had. 1:06:21.600 --> 1:06:25.720 The Frontier under wrote freedom. He calls the people who 1:06:25.800 --> 1:06:30.240 chose to inhabit this stateless zone barbarians by choice. While 1:06:30.320 --> 1:06:32.520 many of these ethnic groups were mocked for their lack 1:06:32.600 --> 1:06:37.240 of so called civilized values like widespread literacy, Scott argues 1:06:37.320 --> 1:06:41.000 that this lack was actually a conscious rejection. The refusal 1:06:41.080 --> 1:06:43.880 to educate themselves in a manner acceptable to the powers 1:06:43.920 --> 1:06:46.640 of the day was a rebellion against the legitimacy of 1:06:46.760 --> 1:06:50.960 those powers and their standards. Human history and our modern 1:06:51.000 --> 1:06:54.320 globe is filled with places like this, muddied areas at 1:06:54.360 --> 1:06:56.880 the borders of great powers, where the detritus of war, 1:06:57.240 --> 1:07:01.240 refugees and beaten soldiers can congregate without fear of the state. 1:07:01.800 --> 1:07:06.000 The term for these places is shatter zones. Rojava, the 1:07:06.120 --> 1:07:09.600 radical feminist enclave in northeast Syria, would be one example 1:07:09.680 --> 1:07:12.720 of a shatter zone and the unique political potential such 1:07:12.800 --> 1:07:17.280 places have. Myanmar is, by land mass, mostly shatter zones, 1:07:17.640 --> 1:07:21.080 and since nineteen forty nine, different ethnic armed organizations have 1:07:21.200 --> 1:07:24.040 existed in a more or less constant conflict with the state. 1:07:24.600 --> 1:07:28.600 This includes the Karin people, whose territory borders Thailand. When 1:07:28.640 --> 1:07:31.640 the young millennial and zoomer protesters in the cities realized 1:07:31.640 --> 1:07:33.480 they were going to have to flee their homes to 1:07:33.560 --> 1:07:36.800 continue the fight, Karin territory was a natural place to 1:07:36.840 --> 1:07:39.720 retreat to. People had been making versions of the same 1:07:39.800 --> 1:07:44.200 decision for two thousand years. The current situation between the 1:07:44.280 --> 1:07:47.400 Kuran and Myanmar's military junta actually owes a lot to 1:07:47.440 --> 1:07:50.400 the British Empire. When they took over in Myanmar, they 1:07:50.440 --> 1:07:52.600 had to figure out how to govern it, and they 1:07:52.640 --> 1:07:54.680 went with the tactic that had served them well all 1:07:54.760 --> 1:07:58.160 across India and Africa. They picked a minority ethnic group 1:07:58.240 --> 1:08:01.680 to act as their colonial shock troops. In Uganda, their 1:08:01.680 --> 1:08:04.960 preferred warrior race were the Kaqwa people, from whom future 1:08:05.000 --> 1:08:08.520 dictator Idi Amine descended. For their colonial troops. In India, 1:08:08.640 --> 1:08:12.040 the Brits used Sikhs and Gurkhas, and in colonial Burma 1:08:12.360 --> 1:08:15.440 they used the Karin. Ever since the British left, the 1:08:15.520 --> 1:08:17.960 Karin have wanted as little as possible to do with 1:08:18.040 --> 1:08:22.280 the central government and Napoda. Instead, they fought to maintain Cadule, 1:08:22.640 --> 1:08:25.639 a land without darkness, as they were promised in Burma's 1:08:25.720 --> 1:08:29.720 nineteen forty eight constitution. Today they might not be recognized 1:08:29.760 --> 1:08:31.960 by the UN or the US, but the Karin have 1:08:32.120 --> 1:08:35.040 their own schools, hospitals, and army. They have been at 1:08:35.040 --> 1:08:39.000 war since nineteen forty nine. Andy, whose father is Karin, 1:08:39.160 --> 1:08:42.040 only really found out about the struggle for Quadule, a 1:08:42.120 --> 1:08:44.720 home for the Karin language peoples when he became a 1:08:44.800 --> 1:08:48.120 refugee he moved into the camps along the border after 1:08:48.200 --> 1:08:51.680 the Saffron Revolution. He was only eight years old. The 1:08:51.760 --> 1:08:54.639 border is dotted with camps, some of them more like towns, 1:08:55.000 --> 1:08:58.080 but they're always temporary, and while the Thai government tolerates 1:08:58.120 --> 1:09:01.920 the Karin presence, people there are seen as temporarily displaced. 1:09:02.280 --> 1:09:05.200 They can't build solid homes and don't have the identity 1:09:05.280 --> 1:09:09.240 documents they need to travel even internally in Thailand, despite 1:09:09.320 --> 1:09:13.280 not growing up there. Andy's identity cards, says Karin, it 1:09:13.400 --> 1:09:15.479 doesn't take a pH d in history to know that 1:09:15.560 --> 1:09:19.400 ethnic identity cards issued by imperial and formerly post colonial 1:09:19.520 --> 1:09:22.799 governments are bad news. But if you need more information 1:09:22.840 --> 1:09:30.120 about that, maybe google i D cards Comma Rwanda. Like 1:09:30.280 --> 1:09:33.120 most people in most places, the young people from Mima 1:09:33.280 --> 1:09:35.680 we talked to you had thought relatively little about the 1:09:35.720 --> 1:09:38.400 injustices on the edge of their world. They tend to 1:09:38.439 --> 1:09:40.280 think of the karen Is terrorists up in the hills 1:09:40.560 --> 1:09:43.719 rather than freedom fighters. But once the top medor started 1:09:43.760 --> 1:09:47.120 unloading machine guns into crowds, people were confronted with the 1:09:47.160 --> 1:09:49.799 reality of a situation that they've been able to ignore before. 1:09:50.920 --> 1:09:54.200 Suddenly they saw that the karen and other marginalized ethnic 1:09:54.280 --> 1:09:57.000 groups were victims of the same government violence that they 1:09:57.080 --> 1:10:00.360 now faced, and now that the scales had fallen from rise, 1:10:00.840 --> 1:10:04.000 they were going to do something about it. The main 1:10:04.200 --> 1:10:08.120 majority of groups people they are current people, which is 1:10:08.200 --> 1:10:14.040 another ethnic groups from Nemore, and they they had a 1:10:14.080 --> 1:10:18.639 different view, right because obviously the military. While we were 1:10:18.760 --> 1:10:20.599 like because we were born in the city, we were 1:10:20.680 --> 1:10:24.519 more like you know, like we didn't suffer that much, 1:10:24.560 --> 1:10:26.280 even though it wasn't that great, you know. But then 1:10:26.360 --> 1:10:29.000 for them, the military come to their states, the military 1:10:29.160 --> 1:10:32.000 come to their villages, they burned the villages, they kill 1:10:32.040 --> 1:10:33.840 the people, they read the people, you know, they do 1:10:34.000 --> 1:10:38.400 all these atrocities. Um. So then they have a very 1:10:38.439 --> 1:10:41.040 different view on the Miamar military and how the country 1:10:41.160 --> 1:10:46.160 is you know, working doing and um so that's when 1:10:46.200 --> 1:10:48.840 I started learning, oh, ship, like there is some other 1:10:49.240 --> 1:10:51.560 stuff going on in the country. But you know, like 1:10:51.680 --> 1:10:54.240 you kind of just you kind of just live with 1:10:54.320 --> 1:10:56.280 your life. You know, you're your kid, You're trying to 1:10:56.960 --> 1:10:59.040 get by day to date, like so you didn't really 1:10:59.080 --> 1:11:01.840 think about it. Um And for me, that gold on 1:11:02.040 --> 1:11:04.400 that go that went on for a long time until 1:11:05.439 --> 1:11:08.920 the military will happen in the present revolution is not 1:11:09.040 --> 1:11:11.639 the only flaer up of inter ethnic violence in the country. 1:11:13.000 --> 1:11:17.719 The Tatmodor, under ming A Klan, began a concerted campaign 1:11:17.760 --> 1:11:21.400 of genocidal ethnic cleansing against the Hina people, a largely 1:11:21.520 --> 1:11:23.840 Muslim ethnic group who live in the country's or a 1:11:23.920 --> 1:11:28.919 kind state. The Tatmodor, claiming the Rehinia were variously terrorists 1:11:29.120 --> 1:11:32.000 or illegal immigrants native to modern day Bangladesh and hence 1:11:32.080 --> 1:11:35.640 not native to myan Ma, spent months raping, killing, and 1:11:35.760 --> 1:11:38.400 burning the villages of the Rehanga people. While the world, 1:11:39.080 --> 1:11:42.679 perhaps distracted by a neoliberal consensus which demoniedes both migrants 1:11:42.680 --> 1:11:47.000 and Muslims, did funk all to stop them. In Myanmar, 1:11:47.560 --> 1:11:50.679 nobody spoke about the genocide, at least not in those terms. 1:11:51.360 --> 1:11:53.519 Most people didn't even speak about the Hinda in those 1:11:53.640 --> 1:11:57.240 terms because Tatmodor propaganda was so effective that citizens in 1:11:57.360 --> 1:12:00.879 Yangon really believe that the Rahana were mike and terrorists 1:12:00.920 --> 1:12:04.400 coming from Bangladesh. Government newspapers like The New Light of 1:12:04.479 --> 1:12:08.639 Myanmar published daily stories linking them to groups like Isis 1:12:08.760 --> 1:12:12.120 or Al Qaida, who, despite their best efforts, remain totally 1:12:12.120 --> 1:12:16.040 irrelevant in this story. BOS popped up on Facebook, which 1:12:16.120 --> 1:12:18.479 is basically synonymous with the Internet for many people living 1:12:18.520 --> 1:12:21.759 in Myanmar, and seared a steady diet of anti raheinga 1:12:21.840 --> 1:12:25.960 hate speech into political discourse, gradually shifting the Overton window 1:12:26.040 --> 1:12:30.360 towards the endocide. And without better information, most people believe them, 1:12:31.280 --> 1:12:34.240 and these Western friends, probably weirdos like me who had 1:12:34.240 --> 1:12:36.559 crept into his d MS. At some point I started 1:12:36.600 --> 1:12:40.080 to ask him questions. So the rein thing happened into 1:12:40.120 --> 1:12:44.320 done seventeen. I was seventeen, and you know, we started 1:12:44.360 --> 1:12:46.839 hearing it. I started getting phone calls from my friends 1:12:47.200 --> 1:12:51.040 in the western countries, like Westerners. They would be like, Hey, 1:12:51.080 --> 1:12:53.040 what's happening in your country? Why are you killing like 1:12:53.160 --> 1:12:55.559 all the Muslims, And I mean like mess out thaily 1:12:55.640 --> 1:12:57.639 and I'm like, I don't know what you're talking about. 1:12:57.920 --> 1:13:02.320 I've never heard anything like that, right, um, and so yeah, 1:13:02.439 --> 1:13:04.439 and then I like, I try to learn a little 1:13:04.439 --> 1:13:08.400 bit more, but everyone has so intense opinions about it 1:13:08.840 --> 1:13:10.599 that at some time like funk, I don't I don't 1:13:10.640 --> 1:13:13.519 know anymore, you know, because the military was in control 1:13:13.560 --> 1:13:17.120 at that time still kind of so they control the news, 1:13:17.200 --> 1:13:19.640 they control the media, they control it's the same thing, 1:13:19.760 --> 1:13:22.800 you know, like they control who was saying what, and 1:13:22.880 --> 1:13:25.519 so we never hear about it that much. If you only, 1:13:26.360 --> 1:13:28.719 if only you care so much and you're following everyone 1:13:28.840 --> 1:13:32.600 that is saying you know the truth, then you know. 1:13:33.120 --> 1:13:36.240 But otherwise you you didn't know. It was all very blurry, 1:13:36.439 --> 1:13:39.240 very so that that's another time when I'm like funk, 1:13:39.360 --> 1:13:41.080 like I don't know what to do. I'm just gonna 1:13:41.200 --> 1:13:43.280 you know. And then one on in my life, um 1:13:44.880 --> 1:13:47.400 and yeah, I never I never realized how much, like 1:13:48.080 --> 1:13:50.599 how much they had to suffer, and they are still 1:13:50.640 --> 1:13:54.400 suffering right number of international protests to stop the ethnic 1:13:54.439 --> 1:13:58.280 cleansing of the Rainer. As they huddled hidden in their apartment, 1:13:59.160 --> 1:14:01.439 Andy and his brother began to embrace the need for 1:14:01.520 --> 1:14:05.599 deadly violence against Sarah Pressus. We never had any plans, actually, 1:14:05.640 --> 1:14:08.840 we were just like, no, I think I remember, it's 1:14:08.880 --> 1:14:11.200 like that was not really planned. It was like they 1:14:11.320 --> 1:14:13.479 killed our people who were fucking hurt them back, you know. 1:14:14.080 --> 1:14:16.760 It wasn't too get their guns or shoot them back. 1:14:16.880 --> 1:14:18.680 Like we didn't even know how to use any of that, 1:14:18.880 --> 1:14:21.200 you know. And honestly, we didn't even want to kill them. 1:14:21.240 --> 1:14:25.880 We just want to be like, you can't do these 1:14:25.960 --> 1:14:29.920 things and not feel, not feel any any anything, you know, 1:14:30.000 --> 1:14:32.600 not not feel any consequences of that. Like we're not 1:14:32.840 --> 1:14:36.200 fucking We're not animals, and you know, you can't just 1:14:36.360 --> 1:14:39.120 come in and killed one of our friends and think 1:14:39.200 --> 1:14:41.400 that we're not going to do anything back, you know, 1:14:41.600 --> 1:14:44.439 like if we let that happen, then they're never going 1:14:44.479 --> 1:14:47.240 to stop. You know. You they were trying to scare us, 1:14:47.320 --> 1:14:49.920 and we were trying to scare them back, but they 1:14:50.120 --> 1:14:53.040 actually kill people. We didn't. We never wanted to kill anyone, 1:14:53.120 --> 1:14:56.880 you know. Indy's situation felt hopeless at this stage. Trapped 1:14:56.920 --> 1:14:59.880 at the capitol and watching his friends disappear one by one. 1:15:00.320 --> 1:15:03.280 It seemed like he was running out of options. Thousands 1:15:03.360 --> 1:15:05.360 of young people and me and Mark felt the same, 1:15:05.640 --> 1:15:08.080 and some of them decided to take an option they 1:15:08.120 --> 1:15:11.479 hadn't even known existed. A few weeks earlier, when we 1:15:11.560 --> 1:15:14.240 were in Massat, we conducted a phone interview with a 1:15:14.320 --> 1:15:18.040 former rebel fighter named Alex. Like everyone else we talked to, 1:15:18.320 --> 1:15:20.400 he woke up on the first of February to find 1:15:20.439 --> 1:15:24.000 out that his phone didn't work and the internet was out. Yeah, 1:15:24.200 --> 1:15:25.760 I thought like it was just you know, like something 1:15:25.840 --> 1:15:27.960 wrong with my phone. And then like I started talking 1:15:28.120 --> 1:15:30.479 to my friends and all my friends are having the 1:15:30.520 --> 1:15:33.560 same problem. So we looked down and everybody is like 1:15:33.720 --> 1:15:36.640 watching down to the market because we live close to 1:15:36.760 --> 1:15:39.640 the market, and like they were like you know, like 1:15:39.920 --> 1:15:43.479 doing like like buying lots of rise and like full 1:15:44.080 --> 1:15:46.719 until I spoke, because no one knows what's gonna happen. 1:15:47.240 --> 1:15:50.200 Like everyone else, he wasn't into politics, but he was 1:15:50.240 --> 1:15:53.160 absolutely not into having the military funk with every aspect 1:15:53.200 --> 1:15:56.439 of his life, so he got into the streets at first, 1:15:56.720 --> 1:16:01.400 like we are not like that into the politics and stuff, 1:16:01.400 --> 1:16:05.559 so we didn't know. But you know, like they can't 1:16:05.600 --> 1:16:07.920 even like shut down the Internet is kind of like 1:16:08.000 --> 1:16:11.639 controlling our life, right, so like if they can't even 1:16:11.720 --> 1:16:13.840 do that, like you know, like we cannot imagine like 1:16:13.920 --> 1:16:16.479 what other things they can do and which they did, 1:16:16.800 --> 1:16:20.799 like killing the innosensibilians and stuff. So yeah, at first 1:16:21.520 --> 1:16:23.719 we're just like, oh, yeah, we need to do something 1:16:23.760 --> 1:16:26.680 about this, and then enjoy the protests. He and his 1:16:26.800 --> 1:16:29.439 friends later found a shop to buy gas masks, tasers, 1:16:29.479 --> 1:16:32.120 and goggles, but even with all their gear, they were 1:16:32.160 --> 1:16:35.160 powerless against soldiers with guns and tear gas. He said 1:16:35.160 --> 1:16:38.200 that the next few weeks were hard. Protests were less 1:16:38.200 --> 1:16:40.680 and less safe, but nobody dared to talk about their 1:16:40.680 --> 1:16:43.960 plans to take the fight to military. Everyone was worried 1:16:43.960 --> 1:16:47.639 about informants and snitches. We didn't really like actually talk 1:16:47.720 --> 1:16:51.600 about those stuff, Like we're only like discussing about you know, 1:16:51.720 --> 1:16:55.919 like a protests and also like how to get attention 1:16:56.040 --> 1:17:00.719 from the like embassies and stuff, but for like fight 1:17:01.000 --> 1:17:03.280 fighting bag and you know, like going on the wars. 1:17:03.520 --> 1:17:07.040 Like I think, like almost everyone they just decided on 1:17:07.200 --> 1:17:11.040 their own unless they have super like trust their friends. 1:17:11.840 --> 1:17:15.040 By April, he says he's seen people die in the streets. 1:17:15.840 --> 1:17:18.360 He decided the protesting wasn't working and he needed to 1:17:18.400 --> 1:17:21.240 pick up a gun. Then he probably was. He didn't 1:17:21.280 --> 1:17:24.439 have one, nor did his friends. He knew some people 1:17:24.479 --> 1:17:26.200 who had guns and hated the top of the door, 1:17:26.760 --> 1:17:28.120 but he had been raised his whole life to think 1:17:28.160 --> 1:17:31.800 of them as terrorists before this. We be you know, 1:17:31.920 --> 1:17:35.760 like brainwashed by the military like pretty much our whole life, 1:17:36.320 --> 1:17:39.400 so you know, we always think, oh, ethnic groups are 1:17:39.479 --> 1:17:42.880 like like you know, they were okay, like wherever they 1:17:42.920 --> 1:17:48.800 see or and he didn't like it. Just terrorist terrorists, right, 1:17:49.320 --> 1:17:52.320 that's what like the military like make us believe our 1:17:52.360 --> 1:17:55.120 whole life. And I was kind of scared to like 1:17:55.240 --> 1:17:58.479 join them because like, yeah, I didn't know, like you know, 1:17:58.640 --> 1:18:01.639 how to live off there or like if they're gonna 1:18:02.040 --> 1:18:04.360 came in just because like I don't speak her, and 1:18:04.840 --> 1:18:09.200 so yeah, it was bizarrely his boss who hooked him 1:18:09.280 --> 1:18:11.439 up with the rebels in the hills, but he couldn't 1:18:11.479 --> 1:18:14.160 tell anyone he was going, okay, say got captured or 1:18:14.160 --> 1:18:16.800 turned out to be a snitch. Instead, he packed his 1:18:16.840 --> 1:18:18.920 bag with some of his old clothes, didn't even say 1:18:18.960 --> 1:18:22.559 goodbye to his family, and took a bus. He got 1:18:22.600 --> 1:18:24.760 off that bus, waited until a man in the car 1:18:24.840 --> 1:18:28.240 picked him up. By that night, he was in the jungle. 1:18:28.680 --> 1:18:31.120 During the first night, they're like, you know, we have 1:18:31.240 --> 1:18:34.559 to go God like one or the leader from the Junger, 1:18:34.720 --> 1:18:38.360 like you know, like trainers by you like walking in 1:18:38.439 --> 1:18:41.040 the dark in the forest, So we have to walk 1:18:41.200 --> 1:18:44.360 to like somewhere we don't even know. We have to 1:18:44.520 --> 1:18:47.560 sleep in there like deep gener He'd read about the 1:18:47.600 --> 1:18:51.719 PDF on Facebook, but suddenly found himself among them. Technically, 1:18:51.880 --> 1:18:54.560 they were distinct unit fighting for a return to democracy, 1:18:54.920 --> 1:18:57.280 but in practice they're trained and equipped by the current 1:18:57.360 --> 1:19:00.759 National Liberation Army who have been fighting for aeral democracy 1:19:00.840 --> 1:19:04.519 for decades. Pretty soon his opinion of the Kurrent had changed. 1:19:04.880 --> 1:19:09.559 But like during my time, I did some observation about them. Yeah, 1:19:09.640 --> 1:19:13.000 it was like obviously, like the government is not the 1:19:13.120 --> 1:19:17.080 current people fighting the cup the military. The military has 1:19:17.120 --> 1:19:20.360 been like you know, like invading the Karrent villagers like 1:19:20.520 --> 1:19:24.840 Karen Land. H Yeah, they were like banning down. They're 1:19:24.880 --> 1:19:29.280 like villagers like waving the woomas You're like killing the 1:19:29.400 --> 1:19:33.360 people for like many years. So they cannot do anything 1:19:33.479 --> 1:19:35.800 but to fight back, you know, they have to fight 1:19:35.880 --> 1:19:39.320 back to prove that their land. Just like the now 1:19:39.400 --> 1:19:42.600 deceased rebel soldier who interviewed for our last series, I 1:19:42.720 --> 1:19:45.960 like received rudimentary training. He never fired a gun before, 1:19:46.120 --> 1:19:48.720 and supplies are very limited, but he's still got a 1:19:48.800 --> 1:19:50.840 kick out of sending a few rounds down range. Like 1:19:51.080 --> 1:19:52.760 not even in my dream, Like I never thought like 1:19:52.920 --> 1:19:55.559 I will be like houlding it again or I shouldn't 1:19:55.640 --> 1:20:02.680 should in it. So if be pretty good? Yeah, do 1:20:02.760 --> 1:20:04.680 you what kind of gun was it? Was it a 1:20:04.800 --> 1:20:07.960 point to too or was it? Yes, the first one 1:20:08.080 --> 1:20:11.120 was a point to two. Was it hand homemade, handmade 1:20:11.280 --> 1:20:15.439 or was it you know, no, it's not made, but 1:20:15.600 --> 1:20:19.080 it's kind of really old. Even in the jungle, they 1:20:19.120 --> 1:20:22.080 were worried about males. It took a while to make friends, 1:20:22.160 --> 1:20:24.400 he says, but eventually he fell in with a cop 1:20:24.439 --> 1:20:28.800 who had defected, a photographer, and a construction worker. Their plan, 1:20:28.960 --> 1:20:30.840 he says, was a train up in the jungle and 1:20:30.920 --> 1:20:34.360 then go home and find the cities. Like our idea 1:20:34.560 --> 1:20:37.240 was like we went there and praying for a few 1:20:37.320 --> 1:20:41.719 miles and then go back to the city. Like we thought, 1:20:42.280 --> 1:20:44.760 like it's gonna be like a huge wars in the 1:20:44.840 --> 1:20:48.080 city is like in Yango or mentally and also like 1:20:48.200 --> 1:20:51.479 everywhere Yama. But yeah, it did. It turns out like that. 1:20:52.479 --> 1:20:55.639 But instead he found himself pulling sentry duty in the jungle. 1:20:56.320 --> 1:20:58.280 For a city kid, it was scary alone out there 1:20:58.320 --> 1:21:00.759 in the night with a gun, surrounded by potential threats. 1:21:01.200 --> 1:21:03.599 I feel like, you know, like okay, like it's gonna 1:21:03.680 --> 1:21:06.679 happen tonight, Like they're gonna come to our base tonight, 1:21:06.760 --> 1:21:08.800 so we I'm gonna have to shoot that, I have 1:21:09.000 --> 1:21:13.320 to product my people find. But it didn't happen. Yeah, 1:21:13.960 --> 1:21:16.880 I'll expend eight months in the field putting sentry duty 1:21:16.920 --> 1:21:19.559 and learning the skills of a soldier. But without arms 1:21:19.600 --> 1:21:22.200 and ammunition, there wasn't much you could do. And his 1:21:22.320 --> 1:21:25.200 whole time training, he says, he only fired five shots 1:21:26.120 --> 1:21:31.719 I've kind of used because we don't have like enough ghans, 1:21:33.200 --> 1:21:35.720 you know. Like so by the time that there was 1:21:35.840 --> 1:21:39.200 a like a straight happen if uh like a goo, 1:21:40.520 --> 1:21:42.519 I thought like, oh, we're gonna have to like go 1:21:42.720 --> 1:21:45.720 and you know, like fight them now. But instead, like 1:21:45.840 --> 1:21:48.400 we have to pack our staff and move to a 1:21:48.560 --> 1:21:52.400 deeper jenko. So we were like kind of like reputees 1:21:52.520 --> 1:21:58.559 with uniforms. But yeah, you know, if I just keep 1:21:58.600 --> 1:22:00.800 staying there like we if we're just going to keep 1:22:00.920 --> 1:22:03.479 running away like this, Like I don't want to stay there. 1:22:04.160 --> 1:22:07.400 I want to do something about the needs, like the 1:22:07.560 --> 1:22:11.400 main needs in our candles, the weapons gainst. So I 1:22:11.520 --> 1:22:14.320 want to like come here and like work for that. 1:22:14.920 --> 1:22:17.720 The transition was hard for eight months in a light 1:22:17.800 --> 1:22:20.880 bulb or flashing toilet. Now he crossed the river and 1:22:20.920 --> 1:22:23.960 everything seemed normal, every kind of weird, like you know 1:22:24.200 --> 1:22:27.599 from the jungle and metal. It's just a small river 1:22:27.760 --> 1:22:32.799 across and they're like the life. Yeah, it's totally different. 1:22:33.040 --> 1:22:36.559 Like peoples are living their normal life and now having 1:22:36.640 --> 1:22:40.680 to like worry for like any things or like it 1:22:40.840 --> 1:22:43.360 was like the whole time I wasn't younger, you know, 1:22:43.439 --> 1:22:45.840 like we have to worry about our country and like 1:22:46.360 --> 1:22:49.439 we don't want to live a normal life. And I'll 1:22:49.520 --> 1:22:53.680 take them mad, like the military's gold so like, but 1:22:53.800 --> 1:22:56.760 they're like here, everyone is living in normal life and 1:22:56.920 --> 1:23:01.000 it's just only one river across. Now that he's across 1:23:01.040 --> 1:23:03.920 the river, we won't say, well, he's still part of 1:23:03.960 --> 1:23:07.720 the revolution. He's raising money and doing interviews like this, 1:23:08.400 --> 1:23:11.240 trying to organize medical supplies and hoping that one day 1:23:11.280 --> 1:23:14.080 he can return to his country not as a refugee 1:23:14.120 --> 1:23:17.160 with a uniform, but practiced a soldier liberating his people, 1:23:17.720 --> 1:23:20.200 or better yet, as a citizen in a free democracy. 1:23:21.120 --> 1:23:24.120 Miyak wasn't ready to be a refugee quite yet. He 1:23:24.280 --> 1:23:26.719 quickly found a role for himself on the militant side 1:23:26.720 --> 1:23:29.840 of what had become a full fledged civil war. Before 1:23:29.880 --> 1:23:33.040 the coup. He'd been studying engineering at university, and he 1:23:33.160 --> 1:23:36.400 liked to understand how things worked. Although Alex and his 1:23:36.520 --> 1:23:40.000 comrades had a critical shortage of weapons. Miyak didn't only 1:23:40.160 --> 1:23:43.839 make guns at first, he made bombs too, using knowledge 1:23:43.880 --> 1:23:46.160 that he had gained after traveling into the jungle and 1:23:46.240 --> 1:23:50.040 getting training from Karin experts and explosives and as he 1:23:50.160 --> 1:23:52.800 told us, they were very effective. Do you think the 1:23:52.880 --> 1:23:57.680 explosives took out any soldiers? Of course is bosies are 1:23:57.800 --> 1:24:01.839 for the biddings for the base. Some o the trouble. 1:24:02.439 --> 1:24:04.760 So you know they came and pick the ball and 1:24:04.880 --> 1:24:07.160 trying to cut off the bowl and just a slow 1:24:07.439 --> 1:24:12.040 so they die. So my truf cut off the wire 1:24:12.479 --> 1:24:18.800 bone wire, yes, but they die anyway. So it's like, oh, 1:24:20.240 --> 1:24:23.400 my best memory is that we are using and the 1:24:23.760 --> 1:24:27.519 very first E T N E T N in and 1:24:28.600 --> 1:24:33.320 in thank angel. Now this revolutionary thing is the whole 1:24:33.360 --> 1:24:36.000 things that arrest there or just arrest. It's very sad 1:24:37.720 --> 1:24:42.720 when they made May made the idian bowl. Uh we 1:24:43.320 --> 1:24:49.160 we had that the ambulas ambulus ambulus abus umblessed land. 1:24:49.520 --> 1:24:54.320 It's like five fine ambular track is coming here. Okay, 1:24:54.439 --> 1:24:58.360 this is I think this is my best memory. Yes, okay, wow, 1:24:58.520 --> 1:25:00.600 So the bomb goes off, they have to send in 1:25:00.760 --> 1:25:05.639 five ambulances, yes, yes, yes, was it soldiers or police soldiers. Yes, 1:25:05.720 --> 1:25:09.920 that the soldier whole who checked the role. Yeah, it 1:25:10.080 --> 1:25:12.400 was just bombs that the young rebels learned about. They 1:25:12.439 --> 1:25:14.920 also shattered many of their misconceptions about the roles of 1:25:14.960 --> 1:25:29.479 men and women. Yeah yeah. As a woman like a mirror, 1:25:29.520 --> 1:25:32.080 stepped up to the front lines and fought alongside their 1:25:32.120 --> 1:25:35.720 male comrades, it became hard to ignore the sexism which 1:25:35.800 --> 1:25:39.640 underpinned much of traditional Burmese culture. The music you just 1:25:39.720 --> 1:25:42.120 heard from a yang On punk band called Rebel Riot. 1:25:42.520 --> 1:25:45.120 They gave a submission to use it here. They have 1:25:45.240 --> 1:25:47.760 some great songs about the Spring Revolution, and this one 1:25:47.840 --> 1:25:50.920 focuses on the role of women. In the video, you 1:25:51.000 --> 1:25:53.160 see young women in the streets and then you see 1:25:53.200 --> 1:25:56.479 them in the jungles carrying him sixt Me and Mama 1:25:56.600 --> 1:25:59.599 might previously have had a woman leader, but gender equality 1:25:59.680 --> 1:26:03.760 had been far from universal. And he told us a 1:26:03.800 --> 1:26:06.519 story about this, and we recorded it. But it was 1:26:06.560 --> 1:26:08.720 our last night in the country. We were on our 1:26:08.760 --> 1:26:12.000 way to another spectacular hangover, one that would see me 1:26:12.120 --> 1:26:14.840 vomiting with such ferocio of flight. But an elderly tie 1:26:14.920 --> 1:26:17.599 lady took pity on me and gave me her shopping 1:26:17.640 --> 1:26:20.600 bag once I filled up my sick bag in the 1:26:20.680 --> 1:26:23.400 second month of the revolution, and he said when they 1:26:23.439 --> 1:26:26.960 were in Yangon, the protesters would build giant barricades to 1:26:27.040 --> 1:26:29.920 keep the police back. We've seen videos of these. They're 1:26:29.920 --> 1:26:33.960 pretty impressive, huge amounts of palettes, boxes and burning tires. 1:26:34.520 --> 1:26:37.280 We got some other audio of him describing them. No, 1:26:38.200 --> 1:26:41.720 we could never get close to the military. Um, it 1:26:41.880 --> 1:26:44.599 was never it was never attack, it was always defense. 1:26:45.160 --> 1:26:50.360 So later on, when we started seeing how military cracked 1:26:50.400 --> 1:26:54.560 down these protesters, we started building these gates and like 1:26:54.760 --> 1:26:58.679 sandbags in our every base in the in the young On, Melody, 1:26:58.800 --> 1:27:02.840 whatever across the country, we started building these barriers so 1:27:02.960 --> 1:27:05.200 that the military trucks kind of just come in. And 1:27:05.400 --> 1:27:09.240 it's actually crazy because sometimes to build these things, you 1:27:09.360 --> 1:27:12.040 have to take over the road first, so like like 1:27:12.120 --> 1:27:14.880 a main road or a highway. So then what we 1:27:15.000 --> 1:27:18.040 do is all these little groups will gather, so one street, 1:27:18.080 --> 1:27:20.120 two street, through street, you know, and then we will 1:27:20.200 --> 1:27:22.000 go to the street, or we will walk down the 1:27:22.040 --> 1:27:24.439 street saying we're gonna try to take over the street, 1:27:24.600 --> 1:27:27.439 please come join. People will come down, people will come 1:27:27.479 --> 1:27:30.120 down from the streets, from the buildings, and then we 1:27:30.200 --> 1:27:31.880 go to the next street, we say the same thing, 1:27:32.000 --> 1:27:34.400 and then people would join. Nothing they did could stand 1:27:34.479 --> 1:27:36.760 up to a tank, though, just as that shopping bag 1:27:36.840 --> 1:27:40.320 couldn't stand up to James's vomit. The military started using 1:27:40.400 --> 1:27:42.719 human shields to get through the barricades and the groups 1:27:42.760 --> 1:27:46.720 of people throwing molotovs. Usually we would defend our places, right, 1:27:46.760 --> 1:27:50.080 we will use molotov sling shots, uh, and we will 1:27:50.280 --> 1:27:52.680 resist like we will attacked, like we will be in 1:27:52.760 --> 1:27:55.200 the behind the gate, but we will kind of make 1:27:55.280 --> 1:27:58.280 them cannot come too too far, you know. But when 1:27:58.320 --> 1:28:02.320 the military have someone that they're gun pointing, just a 1:28:02.400 --> 1:28:05.519 normal civilian and making him move, we can't do anything 1:28:05.600 --> 1:28:07.680 man like, we can't go through a moltav like, you know. 1:28:08.080 --> 1:28:13.840 So that's when the military clean out all of that. 1:28:14.439 --> 1:28:16.800 In Yangon, I think there was a time when it 1:28:17.040 --> 1:28:20.160 was packed. It was every road had it, every street 1:28:20.240 --> 1:28:22.960 had it, and everyone was guarding that right. But then 1:28:23.040 --> 1:28:25.080 when the military started and then they said it in 1:28:25.160 --> 1:28:27.719 the statements, they were saying, if that's near your house, 1:28:27.880 --> 1:28:31.000 you're responsible. Then they came up with a better idea. 1:28:31.400 --> 1:28:35.000 In Burmese culture, men fear passing under women's clothing if 1:28:35.040 --> 1:28:37.479 it's hanging on a washing line, they'll go around rather 1:28:37.520 --> 1:28:40.519 than under it. It is as Andy told us, bullshit. 1:28:41.000 --> 1:28:43.120 So they decided to turn that bullshit back on the 1:28:43.200 --> 1:28:46.719 troops and they grabbed as many women's launcheese a traditional 1:28:46.800 --> 1:28:49.240 garment went around the waist like a sarong as they 1:28:49.280 --> 1:28:52.360 could and hung them up above their barricade. It worked, 1:28:52.439 --> 1:28:55.080 he said, and just like that, a generation of Burmese 1:28:55.160 --> 1:28:59.599 kids realized that sexism hurts everyone who perpetuates it. Miak 1:28:59.680 --> 1:29:02.479 told us an interesting story about this. He said, the 1:29:02.520 --> 1:29:04.800 first time he met his fiance, he thought that she 1:29:04.960 --> 1:29:08.200 was pretty sharp for a girl that he says now 1:29:08.600 --> 1:29:11.040 was his bad me and mar he says, has some 1:29:11.160 --> 1:29:13.760 gender hang ups, but he soon realized that she was 1:29:13.840 --> 1:29:16.679 the bravest person he knew. They went to protest together, 1:29:16.880 --> 1:29:19.240 and when something needed moving from one town to another, 1:29:19.560 --> 1:29:22.360 they took advantage of those gender hang ups and her bravery, 1:29:22.680 --> 1:29:25.160 and she risked her life carrying weapons in her bags 1:29:25.200 --> 1:29:27.760 on inner city buses. We'll let him tell you how 1:29:27.800 --> 1:29:31.559 they met. It's like we we met on a meiden, 1:29:31.680 --> 1:29:36.080 like you know, we we started making maybe it's a 1:29:36.920 --> 1:29:41.000 very first. We first we all match making, very very 1:29:41.080 --> 1:29:45.759 very very respect their memories. The name of the media 1:29:45.840 --> 1:29:48.960 is braced to me. Okay, prased all me. The name 1:29:49.000 --> 1:29:53.360 of the media is she She is very you know, respected. 1:29:53.479 --> 1:29:56.680 She said the very thoughtful things. You know. Oh she 1:29:56.960 --> 1:29:59.639 is you know, it's so so thoughtful. I don't even think, 1:30:00.400 --> 1:30:04.240 you know. In the memo, Carter is lays a Joanna. 1:30:04.479 --> 1:30:08.720 You know, so buy is always good like people, you know, 1:30:08.880 --> 1:30:11.560 something like this. So I thought she's really good, or 1:30:11.600 --> 1:30:15.240 that she is a kid. This is my bad some 1:30:15.400 --> 1:30:20.280 Janna I do die. But but later I met with 1:30:20.439 --> 1:30:23.599 her on the protest, so I saw she is so beautiful. 1:30:23.760 --> 1:30:26.800 I thought she has just twenty years agays. But we 1:30:27.120 --> 1:30:31.840 know that later. So we keep doing together other things 1:30:32.520 --> 1:30:35.679 and she she is my bad dad. I was grow 1:30:36.080 --> 1:30:40.400 like this and well, whatever I have I have in danger. 1:30:40.880 --> 1:30:43.200 All the contact her. We asked him if you worried 1:30:43.240 --> 1:30:45.080 she got arrested while she was making trips into the 1:30:45.120 --> 1:30:48.040 mountains with guns and bombs, But he said no. Was 1:30:48.120 --> 1:30:49.840 it hard to leave her to go to the jungle 1:30:50.320 --> 1:30:52.800 because she could get arrested, you could get no. No, 1:30:53.320 --> 1:30:55.960 she is very clever, So I I never worry about her. 1:30:56.400 --> 1:30:59.679 I just boy about mindset because she is more, you know, secret, 1:30:59.880 --> 1:31:03.120 I see more play by than me. So she only 1:31:03.200 --> 1:31:07.760 teached me how to be clear about much. LETTONK and 1:31:07.840 --> 1:31:10.840 Mirror was falling in love as well. Her relationship was 1:31:10.880 --> 1:31:14.200 a bit different though. At first we were in the 1:31:14.400 --> 1:31:18.719 group chat Yeah, but then did you make the private? Yeah? Private? 1:31:20.120 --> 1:31:23.519 He started the private chat? Did I did? I did, 1:31:25.040 --> 1:31:27.560 because at that time I feel like, oh, she is 1:31:27.640 --> 1:31:30.639 so young. At the time, she she's not even a team. 1:31:31.520 --> 1:31:36.120 She's seventeen years old and she's leading the one of 1:31:36.200 --> 1:31:42.000 the food tast team. So I'm like, wow, this girl 1:31:42.240 --> 1:31:46.320 is like amazing, right, So that that's how I met her, 1:31:46.439 --> 1:31:49.680 and then that's how I, you know, try to hit 1:31:49.800 --> 1:31:57.240 her now. Admittedly t K, a security guy is translating here. 1:31:58.000 --> 1:32:01.519 He's also her boyfriend for now. He's here with her 1:32:01.560 --> 1:32:04.519 to make sure she's okay. When we met them both, 1:32:04.760 --> 1:32:07.640 it was just weeks after he'd arrived in Thailand and 1:32:07.720 --> 1:32:09.800 the two had met in person for the very first time. 1:32:10.520 --> 1:32:12.559 It's a kind of story you can't help but find touching. 1:32:13.320 --> 1:32:15.760 Two people in opposite sides of the world, united by 1:32:15.800 --> 1:32:20.120 a fight for justice, the bonds of revolutionary care. At least, 1:32:20.120 --> 1:32:22.000 it's a nice counterweight to all the stories of death 1:32:22.080 --> 1:32:25.040 and violence, which will have more of you tomorrow on 1:32:25.160 --> 1:32:48.639 part four of this series. Through the time we're reporting 1:32:48.680 --> 1:32:51.719 this story, Robert and I walked miles and miles around 1:32:51.760 --> 1:32:55.960 the streets Mason baby, only two journalous in town and 1:32:56.080 --> 1:32:58.960 also both giant white guys. We kind of stood out, 1:32:59.320 --> 1:33:01.559 and taking a turn due to a sensitive interview isn't 1:33:01.600 --> 1:33:04.840 always a smart choice. Even when it was, they frequently 1:33:04.920 --> 1:33:06.280 dropped us off in a wrong place and we end 1:33:06.360 --> 1:33:12.080 up walking anyway. Everyone in Mason rides scooters, but riding 1:33:12.120 --> 1:33:14.479 without a helmet can get you a fine. We figured 1:33:14.479 --> 1:33:17.120 that his relative noviceist to the world of scooting, we 1:33:17.200 --> 1:33:20.040 probably funded something up and we probably better off walking. 1:33:24.160 --> 1:33:26.000 When the time came to meet me out, though he 1:33:26.120 --> 1:33:28.760 offered us a ride That was very nice, but it 1:33:28.840 --> 1:33:32.120 put us in an interesting position. What exactly do you 1:33:32.200 --> 1:33:34.639 say when a guy you've never met, who's a friend 1:33:34.680 --> 1:33:36.760 of a guy you dem on Reddit who you know 1:33:36.880 --> 1:33:39.400 he's engaged in the illegal production and smuggling of guns 1:33:39.439 --> 1:33:41.559 into a war zone, offers to pick you up at 1:33:41.560 --> 1:33:43.800 the cafe so you can go out for dinner. We 1:33:43.920 --> 1:33:46.479 decided to call our friend a long suffering guy we 1:33:46.560 --> 1:33:50.120 go to or we have a security question. Paul his request, 1:33:50.280 --> 1:33:53.280 we're keeping him anonymous, but he works in security and 1:33:53.360 --> 1:33:57.040 has an extensive professional background dealing with situations just like 1:33:57.200 --> 1:34:01.160 this or maybe mostly like this. Yes, So basically, Paul 1:34:01.200 --> 1:34:05.320 were meeting with these people. Uh, we don't have an 1:34:05.439 --> 1:34:09.320 established human chain with them of trust. They're they're just 1:34:09.400 --> 1:34:11.560 averted account that James has been talking with but for 1:34:11.640 --> 1:34:14.679 like six or seven months. Um, it doesn't really seem 1:34:14.720 --> 1:34:19.639 like there's much else we can do besides, uh, keep 1:34:19.680 --> 1:34:24.200 our eyes open and try to meet in a digital place. Yeah. 1:34:24.280 --> 1:34:28.360 I mean the big concern is that it would be 1:34:28.520 --> 1:34:32.200 the government, which is not um from what you guys 1:34:32.280 --> 1:34:39.240 have said. The government simply doesn't have the wherewithal to 1:34:39.360 --> 1:34:43.080 do operations like this, and I mean rebel groups like this, 1:34:43.200 --> 1:34:46.240 they're they're trying, they want to get everything out there 1:34:46.320 --> 1:34:50.759 they can. UM. So, Yeah, it is there a concern 1:34:50.840 --> 1:34:53.519 about the fact that you don't have a chain of 1:34:53.640 --> 1:34:58.360 people that can vouch for each other. Yeah, but the 1:34:58.520 --> 1:35:05.080 situation there and everything's in their favor, they are, everything's 1:35:05.120 --> 1:35:09.400 in your favor. Even minor cultural faux pause shouldn't be 1:35:09.439 --> 1:35:11.840 an issue. With Paul's help, we came up with a 1:35:11.920 --> 1:35:14.519 watertight plan. I should note here that he was at 1:35:14.600 --> 1:35:16.800 least as concerned with our fate as he was with 1:35:16.920 --> 1:35:19.040 the fate of the pair of pants he'd loaned James 1:35:19.120 --> 1:35:22.000 for the trip. And I mean, yeah, it's a story 1:35:22.080 --> 1:35:27.400 that needs to get out, so uh, being slightly lax 1:35:27.479 --> 1:35:32.840 on the rules while knowing that it's in everybody's favor 1:35:33.000 --> 1:35:36.200 that it goes well. I guess you gotta been the 1:35:36.240 --> 1:35:40.880 rules sometimes. Yeah, I guess we'll check in trying to 1:35:40.920 --> 1:35:42.920 approve of life. Yeah, we'll do a proof of life. 1:35:43.840 --> 1:35:46.000 I will. I will send you a picture of James 1:35:46.120 --> 1:35:48.519 holding a piece of paper that says big wife guy. 1:35:51.560 --> 1:35:54.080 And if if we are kidnapped, I'll send you a 1:35:54.120 --> 1:35:57.120 picture of me that says Elon Musk will be a 1:35:57.200 --> 1:36:01.280 good custodian of Twitter. Ok, I'll know that that's the 1:36:02.080 --> 1:36:06.960 that's the sign, and you know I'll get a black Yeah, 1:36:08.560 --> 1:36:11.519 I'll figure out something. Yeah, me and me and a 1:36:11.640 --> 1:36:14.839 few friends will be on our way. That sounds awful. 1:36:15.840 --> 1:36:19.200 James has my favorite pants. Yeah, yeah, you gotta get 1:36:19.200 --> 1:36:23.280 those pants bag. Oh yeah, this is all about the pants. 1:36:23.640 --> 1:36:27.519 If I find hs dead body, I'm killing those pants off. Luckily, 1:36:27.960 --> 1:36:30.240 both I and Paul's trousers made it back that night. 1:36:31.080 --> 1:36:33.759 The only damage was to several delicious plates of food, 1:36:35.360 --> 1:36:38.439 his fiancee and their godfather. We're the most gracious host, 1:36:39.040 --> 1:36:42.040 and we decided not to record that first night. Instead, 1:36:42.120 --> 1:36:44.639 we met up the next day. But there is one 1:36:44.720 --> 1:36:46.479 thing from that night but I want to share with you. 1:36:47.280 --> 1:36:49.639 Rather than explaining it, I let the song me out 1:36:49.720 --> 1:36:52.280 played for us, talk to you to the beautiful medium 1:36:52.280 --> 1:37:12.160 of punk music, bell A Chow. Of course it's an 1:37:12.160 --> 1:37:15.920 anti fascist anthem. Then. It's original version tells the story 1:37:15.960 --> 1:37:18.519 of a young partisan who says goodbye to his girlfriend 1:37:18.640 --> 1:37:22.320 before he goes off to fight Italian fascists. If he dies, 1:37:22.479 --> 1:37:24.759 he says he wants to be buried under a flower 1:37:24.800 --> 1:38:30.120 in the mountains so people will see it and remember him. Yeah. Yeah. 1:38:36.880 --> 1:38:39.760 After a few months of revolution, all our characters found 1:38:39.800 --> 1:38:42.160 themselves mourning their friends, and many of them were in 1:38:42.200 --> 1:38:45.120 the mountains. Their struggle is one they see in the 1:38:45.240 --> 1:38:48.040 same vein as the Italian partisans who fought facists in 1:38:48.040 --> 1:38:50.920 their mountains and the anti fascists who came from around 1:38:50.960 --> 1:38:54.120 the world to fight the Spanish Civil War. I first 1:38:54.200 --> 1:38:57.320 heard that song Belacho from a Spanish civil war vector. 1:38:58.160 --> 1:39:00.200 And it's a strange closing of the loop to be 1:39:00.320 --> 1:39:03.880 here sitting hearing it with young people who, just like 1:39:04.000 --> 1:39:07.240 the Spanish Republicans, are fighting a coup with next to 1:39:07.280 --> 1:39:14.519 no international support and a critical shortage of weapons. But 1:39:14.640 --> 1:39:16.719 me Out was trying his best to fix their shortage. 1:39:17.320 --> 1:39:20.120 A month into what would become the Spring Revolution, and 1:39:20.200 --> 1:39:22.599 the stakes have become clear when the first protester would 1:39:22.600 --> 1:39:25.840 shot and they kept marching. When people decided to go 1:39:25.920 --> 1:39:29.000 back into the streets, they showed that the future of 1:39:29.040 --> 1:39:32.400 their country was worth dying for. A few weeks later, 1:39:32.760 --> 1:39:34.680 some of them decided it was also worth killing for. 1:39:35.800 --> 1:39:38.439 It was about then that me Out's buddy and Keen 1:39:38.520 --> 1:39:41.080 read it. User Daddy u m c D said he'd 1:39:41.080 --> 1:39:43.960 been online we reckon they could use their three D printers, 1:39:44.040 --> 1:39:46.560 a steel pipe and the expertise are some strains on 1:39:46.640 --> 1:39:51.440 the internet to arm themselves. The promise of revolutionary technology 1:39:51.520 --> 1:39:53.280 would take quite some time to have any kind of 1:39:53.320 --> 1:39:56.719 battlefield impact in Myanmar, but the effects of a different 1:39:56.760 --> 1:39:59.920 kind of revolution would be felt immediately. But then they 1:40:00.160 --> 1:40:03.840 young activists took up our arms against the government. I 1:40:04.040 --> 1:40:06.680 was like I'm entrusted us in how West and three 1:40:06.720 --> 1:40:10.040 D printing especially my profession is a grand us and 1:40:10.160 --> 1:40:13.320 virtual reality and one to tell us three D printing 1:40:13.600 --> 1:40:16.640 is my hobby. So I just do I just download 1:40:16.760 --> 1:40:19.640 some time from a thinking bust or other three D 1:40:19.960 --> 1:40:22.120 three D printing criminal D and just do it for 1:40:22.280 --> 1:40:28.880 my task, not specially especially like desk toys and stuff. Yeah, yeah, 1:40:29.120 --> 1:40:31.519 just or twice yes, what do you think of guns? 1:40:31.600 --> 1:40:34.920 Then I have never emerging a care because you know, 1:40:35.000 --> 1:40:36.880 we have been living and a military booth for a 1:40:36.960 --> 1:40:40.320 long time, so we're afraid or soldier especially not the 1:40:40.400 --> 1:40:43.640 su especially the care that they hope. So we are 1:40:43.720 --> 1:40:47.160 so afraid of that, so we never imagine, like like 1:40:47.320 --> 1:40:49.320 we are the same as in North Korea. We're so 1:40:49.439 --> 1:40:51.880 afraid of that, so we never imagine of making game. 1:40:52.439 --> 1:40:58.600 But after that the story began at first Meal and 1:40:58.680 --> 1:41:02.040 his team felt safe despite the dangerous nature of their work. 1:41:02.320 --> 1:41:04.400 He felt the top medor was so behind the times 1:41:04.400 --> 1:41:06.040 they wouldn't even know what a three D print. It 1:41:06.280 --> 1:41:10.840 was like adult side the military didn't didn't know or 1:41:10.960 --> 1:41:14.679 didn't give our funk about defriend So it is okay 1:41:14.720 --> 1:41:18.200 a dose that it's really okay, one one one, one day, 1:41:18.280 --> 1:41:22.320 can we need to hide the campus. If the three 1:41:22.520 --> 1:41:24.439 print that, that's okay, Because we were saying this is 1:41:24.520 --> 1:41:27.960 for our job or for some hobby that we can 1:41:28.000 --> 1:41:29.800 see I do with that, but but not just that. 1:41:30.640 --> 1:41:33.880 This time everyone the print that yes camp camp go 1:41:34.040 --> 1:41:40.600 the like yeah yeah. Soon that head shop became a 1:41:40.640 --> 1:41:44.559 lot closer to being a possibility. It's like a song. 1:41:44.680 --> 1:41:49.320 As we we we finished the second second apt De nine, 1:41:49.880 --> 1:41:53.120 we're trying to test that in young and we send 1:41:53.160 --> 1:41:57.320 it to our warehouse. But unfortunately this way how it 1:41:57.479 --> 1:42:01.719 exposed and ambushed by in the military and this gun 1:42:02.400 --> 1:42:07.880 is taken by the military, and they announced this on 1:42:07.960 --> 1:42:13.000 the new by picturer and this uh like like hammag 1:42:13.080 --> 1:42:17.040 games and the don give funk about this just a 1:42:17.120 --> 1:42:20.240 hammaga they just at the very first time, but later 1:42:20.400 --> 1:42:25.559 and later later and later one they one the second 1:42:25.640 --> 1:42:29.160 time they will arrest that. At this time they arrest 1:42:29.280 --> 1:42:32.679 my revolutionary from my team. So I'm told him about 1:42:33.040 --> 1:42:36.360 the efficiency and how do you use and the history 1:42:36.400 --> 1:42:39.640 also the game at the time, maybe maybe he was 1:42:40.360 --> 1:42:44.280 investigator and he told the truth. At this time he says, 1:42:44.560 --> 1:42:48.960 like the FCC nine announced announced the name FCC nine 1:42:49.200 --> 1:42:52.320 like like this before before at the very first time 1:42:52.360 --> 1:42:58.040 team and now the game from the tagish Yeah if 1:42:58.080 --> 1:43:00.160 you missed that, they thought the guns were turned. Is 1:43:00.400 --> 1:43:02.160 the reason we giggled at this is that whenever we 1:43:02.240 --> 1:43:04.600 see videos of combat in me and mar James and 1:43:04.640 --> 1:43:06.200 I send them to a group chat and try to 1:43:06.280 --> 1:43:08.559 work out what the weapons are and where they came from. 1:43:09.080 --> 1:43:11.439 Nearly every time we're stumped. The guns turned out to 1:43:11.479 --> 1:43:14.080 be some kind of niche Turkish shotgun made to look 1:43:14.120 --> 1:43:16.920 like an a R fifteen. It seems the military we're 1:43:16.960 --> 1:43:19.960 operating on the same assumption, only this time they were 1:43:20.120 --> 1:43:24.599 very wrong. Like Alex Myak started this second more deadly 1:43:24.720 --> 1:43:27.400 phase of the Spring Revolution by taking a trip out 1:43:27.439 --> 1:43:29.720 to the jungle and he stayed for several months to 1:43:29.840 --> 1:43:31.960 learn some of the skills he was going to need 1:43:32.040 --> 1:43:35.479 to fight back against the top medal. I was going 1:43:36.040 --> 1:43:40.400 the Monday as a cuminating data so I'm not like 1:43:40.800 --> 1:43:44.360 the I'm not have a video training or something like that. 1:43:44.760 --> 1:43:47.439 I just going as a cuminator guy. So I met 1:43:47.520 --> 1:43:51.040 with them Sundgain specially or some Freya and I said, 1:43:51.160 --> 1:43:53.920 I want to know how to shoot ga, how do 1:43:54.000 --> 1:43:58.360 amber the gag so to teach me, I said, uh say, 1:43:58.400 --> 1:44:01.439 I'm in acuminated. I can to the Traineer, but I 1:44:01.479 --> 1:44:05.519 want to lamb the folks out of being so they 1:44:05.600 --> 1:44:08.759 sent me some videos I did to lamb by myself. 1:44:08.920 --> 1:44:13.160 Yet later he went back to carry prototype printed guns 1:44:13.240 --> 1:44:15.519 to the E. A O S for testing. We asked 1:44:15.560 --> 1:44:17.840 if it was scary being an undercover gun runner in 1:44:17.880 --> 1:44:20.840 a dictatorship. He says it was, but he found that 1:44:20.920 --> 1:44:24.760 he had a powerful ally in his fight homophobia. Yeah, 1:44:24.800 --> 1:44:29.160 oscar Of. We need to discloses, so you know, yeah, 1:44:29.200 --> 1:44:31.240 disguises though. I just that I have a long hair, 1:44:32.040 --> 1:44:34.640 so I act like a day so you know that 1:44:34.800 --> 1:44:38.840 the military has so Jianna and equality, so they hate game. 1:44:39.520 --> 1:44:43.200 That's why I just just our brand. The military, assuming 1:44:43.280 --> 1:44:46.080 me Of was gay and therefore incapable of fighting, let 1:44:46.160 --> 1:44:48.760 him go. Miak kept his mouth shut and let their 1:44:48.760 --> 1:44:51.320 homophobia help him smuggle the guns with which he hopes 1:44:51.400 --> 1:44:53.800 to help topple the regime that places so much stock 1:44:53.880 --> 1:44:56.560 and values like these. Miak said he had to go 1:44:56.640 --> 1:44:58.840 to the jungle to prove that his guns worked because 1:44:58.840 --> 1:45:02.479 at first the ear didn't believe him about the gain. 1:45:02.800 --> 1:45:06.640 No one, no one believes I believed that. No one 1:45:06.720 --> 1:45:10.800 believed that, so we have to made made it fast 1:45:11.000 --> 1:45:14.880 and show them. So we made it first, uh we said, 1:45:14.920 --> 1:45:18.360 we got again. It's it's a self fool. We lie, 1:45:18.960 --> 1:45:20.680 we need to lie, and we send this to the 1:45:20.760 --> 1:45:23.880 e O. Then they made it and it didn't walk 1:45:23.920 --> 1:45:27.479 out and the adjust and walk out. Okay, yeah, how 1:45:27.560 --> 1:45:32.280 do they feel made? Oh? Oh my my one of 1:45:32.400 --> 1:45:35.840 my revolutionary and it was they said, oh, they're really 1:45:35.880 --> 1:45:39.439 really happy. There's all that, all of the friend that 1:45:39.640 --> 1:45:43.120 and most progession. Let's do it right now. Yes that 1:45:43.400 --> 1:45:46.240 Almost everyone we met spend time in the jungle. Rooney, 1:45:46.400 --> 1:45:49.000 that's a normed the gear not a given name, started 1:45:49.000 --> 1:45:51.519 off as a protester, and just like everyone else, he 1:45:51.600 --> 1:45:53.800 fled into the jungle to avoid being murdered by the 1:45:53.840 --> 1:45:56.960 government and to learn from the ethnic armed organizations how 1:45:57.040 --> 1:45:59.880 to fight back when when we try and make peace 1:46:00.200 --> 1:46:03.840 protesting and it's really break down. Then he decided, like 1:46:04.120 --> 1:46:06.880 he also we so we decided to choose to have 1:46:07.040 --> 1:46:09.960 an ass and to make to make a revolution. So 1:46:10.160 --> 1:46:13.000 at this time he goes to the EO or stays 1:46:13.120 --> 1:46:17.200 and he lands the trainees, you know, even especially the 1:46:17.280 --> 1:46:20.160 explosive trainees, and he got back to the town and 1:46:20.280 --> 1:46:23.559 he's still making this explosive with the head of the teachings. 1:46:24.280 --> 1:46:26.240 After learning from the e a O S, he came 1:46:26.280 --> 1:46:28.320 back to Young Gone to put his knowledge to use. 1:46:28.760 --> 1:46:31.439 Of course, just like MIAs gunmaking team and the street 1:46:31.479 --> 1:46:34.679 protesters who learned from Hong Konger's he took to YouTube 1:46:34.720 --> 1:46:36.560 and Google to try and find a better way to 1:46:36.600 --> 1:46:39.760 build killing machines. So it's like the EO teaches the 1:46:39.960 --> 1:46:43.479 very business explosives just came bound. You can produce and 1:46:43.600 --> 1:46:46.680 you guysn't like this, But after they land a very 1:46:46.760 --> 1:46:51.040 business then and they want to improve. So the landbine 1:46:51.080 --> 1:46:54.759 theirselfs just like d I Y the lambine yourself with Google, 1:46:55.120 --> 1:46:58.680 with YouTube, so later and later even they can make 1:46:58.880 --> 1:47:05.519 TNT and et Y using YouTube. Of course, nearly everyone 1:47:05.600 --> 1:47:08.320 we met at some point googled something like how to 1:47:08.439 --> 1:47:12.040 make gun or how to make bomb. Now this is 1:47:12.160 --> 1:47:15.000 not ideal, op SEC, but it speaks to the desperation 1:47:15.040 --> 1:47:18.400 of the times. They used crowdfunding websites to raise money 1:47:18.439 --> 1:47:21.960 for ingredients, and Rooney soon started putting his knowledge into practice. 1:47:22.640 --> 1:47:25.760 What that meant was that people died he killed human 1:47:25.840 --> 1:47:28.479 beings with the explosives that he made. Now, those people 1:47:28.520 --> 1:47:30.760 would have killed Rooney or anyone else we've spoken to 1:47:30.840 --> 1:47:33.760 in this series. He was defending himself and others by 1:47:33.880 --> 1:47:37.240 making killing machines. But still, if you're a decent person, 1:47:37.720 --> 1:47:39.600 it's not easy to watch your work result in a 1:47:39.680 --> 1:47:42.760 stranger being blown into a pink mist. He is not 1:47:43.000 --> 1:47:45.920 proud of that, but you know, you know, he is 1:47:46.000 --> 1:47:48.599 never trying to kick even a cat on any man. 1:47:49.800 --> 1:47:52.320 He is sad, but he had to do because of revolution. 1:47:54.120 --> 1:47:57.240 Revolution was in Rooney's blood. The military had stolen his 1:47:57.360 --> 1:47:59.080 house as a kid, and he'd grown up with his 1:47:59.200 --> 1:48:02.920 uncle sharing men Marie's of the pro democracy uprising and 1:48:03.000 --> 1:48:06.880 it's violent repression. He'd seen his family, his cousin brothers 1:48:06.960 --> 1:48:10.120 and their parents harassed for his whole life. Now he 1:48:10.240 --> 1:48:13.439 had a chance to fight back. He carried out hundreds 1:48:13.479 --> 1:48:16.000 of missions before he eventually had to flee the city 1:48:16.280 --> 1:48:20.679 when an accident led to serious injury. Like in June 1:48:20.840 --> 1:48:24.920 Tones Saven, there's a nine mission, so he has to 1:48:25.040 --> 1:48:29.080 made nine boom, Yeah, really big ball. So they did 1:48:29.160 --> 1:48:32.880 trying to assembly this bowl adult one of his brands 1:48:32.960 --> 1:48:39.759 smoking and this this family is called Campo. After the blast, 1:48:39.920 --> 1:48:41.720 he had to run away from his house before the 1:48:41.800 --> 1:48:44.760 police arrived. His friend was not so lucky, and he's 1:48:44.800 --> 1:48:48.000 in jail now. Rooney is mostly recovered, but it's not 1:48:48.120 --> 1:48:50.240 safe for him to go back, so he's hoping to 1:48:50.320 --> 1:48:57.960 make a new start in Mason. The fight didn't stay 1:48:57.960 --> 1:49:01.439 in Yangon, in Napod or even for villages living outside. 1:49:01.640 --> 1:49:03.519 The coup was just as real, but so was a 1:49:03.560 --> 1:49:07.400 desire to fight back. People outside of town found themselves 1:49:07.439 --> 1:49:10.360 in the cross hairs at the Topmador as well. The 1:49:10.439 --> 1:49:13.920 military employs a strategy which they call four cuts. It's 1:49:13.960 --> 1:49:17.679 designed to alienate the rebels from local support. It doesn't work. 1:49:18.040 --> 1:49:20.719 It's kind of scorched earth. Stuff has never worked. Didn't 1:49:20.720 --> 1:49:23.080 work when the Nazis tried in Europe, didn't work when 1:49:23.120 --> 1:49:26.120 the US tried in the Middle East of Vietnam, doesn't 1:49:26.120 --> 1:49:28.479 work when it Rael keeps doing it, and it doesn't 1:49:28.520 --> 1:49:31.920 work in Myanmar. What it does do is drive people 1:49:31.920 --> 1:49:33.680 who lose their families to pick up a gun and 1:49:33.800 --> 1:49:37.519 kill soldiers. And it's not hard to see why. I 1:49:37.640 --> 1:49:39.600 just want to play you our conversation watching one of 1:49:39.680 --> 1:49:42.160 Andy's videos about one of hundreds of mascarets that have 1:49:42.240 --> 1:49:46.120 happened since last February and as a warning that stuff 1:49:46.160 --> 1:49:47.599 we're going to talk about, it is about as horrible 1:49:47.640 --> 1:49:52.479 as stuff can be. But yeah, basically about I think 1:49:52.560 --> 1:49:54.680 twenty eight people were killed that day. They just came 1:49:54.720 --> 1:49:58.240 into a village and show everyone. That's the handmade guns 1:49:58.320 --> 1:50:01.960 that these villagers had. But it was just they weren't 1:50:01.960 --> 1:50:06.800 shooting anyone though. It's that's all the everyone died. All 1:50:06.880 --> 1:50:12.679 these guys died. Look at that his hands tied. Yeah, yeah, 1:50:14.640 --> 1:50:17.479 looks like the love trying to tie their hands. Yeah, 1:50:18.840 --> 1:50:22.320 that's electrical, it looks like. And they burned the whole village. 1:50:22.360 --> 1:50:34.639 Now yeah they did, yeah twice, you guys are yeah yeah, 1:50:37.640 --> 1:50:40.080 And that's why we say massacre because it's fucking look 1:50:40.120 --> 1:50:44.160 at all the brains out, you know. Yeah, yeah, all 1:50:44.200 --> 1:50:49.320 these kids, they weren't even eighteen. So all the villagers 1:50:49.400 --> 1:50:51.799 that run away, they took a photo of the village 1:50:51.880 --> 1:50:55.200 from afar and they burned the where the tith and 1:50:55.240 --> 1:50:59.479 then left. Yeah Jesus fucking Christ, Yeah, it was all 1:51:00.040 --> 1:51:05.799 he did. And he says. A nonprofit called Liberate Myanmar 1:51:06.160 --> 1:51:09.160 supports the families every month, keeping them fair and sheltered, 1:51:09.640 --> 1:51:12.280 because however hard the government tries to divide the people 1:51:12.320 --> 1:51:15.760 from one another, it always seems to fail. Instead, it 1:51:15.840 --> 1:51:21.680 just pushes them closer and closer together. While we were 1:51:21.720 --> 1:51:24.680 in Thailand having a drink on a rooftop actually and 1:51:24.760 --> 1:51:27.120 talking about some kind of meditation retreat that a guy 1:51:27.200 --> 1:51:29.160 we met had gone on, we got to see some 1:51:29.240 --> 1:51:32.040 of the action for ourselves. That night was a fun one. 1:51:32.200 --> 1:51:34.439 We were hanging out with some nonprofit folks and we'd 1:51:34.439 --> 1:51:38.000 acquired some pretty terrible whiskey. At various points in the 1:51:38.040 --> 1:51:40.360 evening we would ambush one of the boys and tell 1:51:40.400 --> 1:51:42.400 them they've been shot in the arm or the leg, 1:51:42.920 --> 1:51:45.040 and have the others rush into practice the stop the 1:51:45.080 --> 1:51:48.959 bleed skills well, and I demonstrated some improvised carrying techniques 1:51:49.360 --> 1:51:51.240 and how to effectively turn and drop to the floor 1:51:51.280 --> 1:51:54.200 when you're in the intimate presence of a grenade. Everyone 1:51:54.240 --> 1:51:56.360 else at the party probably thought we were pretty strange, 1:51:56.439 --> 1:52:00.320 but we were having fun. Then in the distance we 1:52:00.400 --> 1:52:03.519 saw a huge yellow flash. It took a few seconds 1:52:03.520 --> 1:52:05.240 of us all wondering if that whiskey had sent us 1:52:05.280 --> 1:52:08.599 blind before the boom reached us. The first we thought 1:52:08.640 --> 1:52:09.960 it was one of the air strikes that have been 1:52:09.960 --> 1:52:12.720 happening in the border region. But it was close and 1:52:12.800 --> 1:52:15.040 it was just one huge boom, not the rockets and 1:52:15.080 --> 1:52:17.600 cluster bombs that tap the door like to drop on civilians. 1:52:18.640 --> 1:52:21.800 Within minutes, minutes of nervously waiting on the rooftop to 1:52:21.840 --> 1:52:25.800 see what was coming next, Andy's phone started buzzing. It 1:52:25.960 --> 1:52:27.920 was a car bomb and it had gone off about 1:52:27.920 --> 1:52:30.120 a hundred yards from the border where we stood earlier 1:52:30.200 --> 1:52:40.479 that day. Camera or something, let me see, right, how 1:52:40.520 --> 1:52:43.960 did they fucking get it in there? Immediately we had questions, 1:52:44.200 --> 1:52:47.280 but very few answers. Car bombs hadn't been the thing 1:52:47.400 --> 1:52:50.479 thus far in the revolution. This was new. Car bombs 1:52:50.520 --> 1:52:54.160 are also extremely scary. It's hard not to be around 1:52:54.240 --> 1:52:56.200 cars in the city, and when any one of those 1:52:56.240 --> 1:52:59.160 cars might kill you, it's hard to do anything feeling 1:52:59.200 --> 1:53:02.479 any semblance of safety. I want to know who did well? 1:53:02.960 --> 1:53:08.400 I mean, yeah, probably no car bombs. I've never heard 1:53:08.439 --> 1:53:13.840 of it. It hasn't yet. Is it somebody who driving it? 1:53:14.080 --> 1:53:17.400 Or kind of like I don't think it's someone driving it? 1:53:17.520 --> 1:53:19.880 Is it like you don't see anything there? Like h no, 1:53:20.040 --> 1:53:22.120 I mean it could have is it by the because 1:53:22.160 --> 1:53:24.120 if if there was a person in here, there wouldn't 1:53:24.160 --> 1:53:26.519 be anything left. Yeah, you wouldn't se it. No, no, no. 1:53:26.640 --> 1:53:29.040 But the thing is, look, there's the fence like that 1:53:29.240 --> 1:53:32.400 that looks like it was there one at Yeah it was. 1:53:32.520 --> 1:53:37.120 It looks like right by the breach. But then I 1:53:37.160 --> 1:53:39.920 don't know why, what this, what happened. We still aren't 1:53:39.920 --> 1:53:42.639 sure who set off the car bomb or if anyone died. 1:53:43.000 --> 1:53:45.519 In a conflict like the one in Myanmar, it's sometimes 1:53:45.560 --> 1:53:48.640 as confusing as it is scary. The military are more 1:53:48.680 --> 1:53:51.960 than capable of a false flag style attack, killing civilians 1:53:52.000 --> 1:53:54.880 and then blaming the PDF, and it has done this before. 1:53:55.479 --> 1:53:59.120 That's what totalitarianism does. It aims to control every aspect 1:53:59.200 --> 1:54:02.479 of every day life, even the truth. The jungle haunted 1:54:02.560 --> 1:54:05.160 us the whole time we were there, unattainable. But right 1:54:05.280 --> 1:54:08.080 next door, just a few miles away, and Locke Caw 1:54:08.400 --> 1:54:12.240 the fight was raging. Lucky caused what's called a friendship town. 1:54:12.479 --> 1:54:14.560 It was built with Japanese money as a place for 1:54:14.720 --> 1:54:16.840 k and new fighters to live after they put down 1:54:16.880 --> 1:54:19.400 their arms. It was supposed to be a symbol of 1:54:19.479 --> 1:54:23.080 hope and a new, peaceful and democratic Mi'anmar. Now it's 1:54:23.120 --> 1:54:26.320 a battlefield. But while we couldn't get there, we could 1:54:26.400 --> 1:54:28.439 walk along the river bank and look at the jungle 1:54:28.560 --> 1:54:30.920 and imagine what it must be like up in those mountains, 1:54:31.120 --> 1:54:34.960 which we did almost every day. Myanmar itself looms like 1:54:35.040 --> 1:54:37.600 a mountain over the town of Masot. It's a border 1:54:37.680 --> 1:54:40.520 town without a border, but the city is surrounded by 1:54:40.560 --> 1:54:44.839 refugee camps, nonprofit offices, and even museums for political prisoners 1:54:44.920 --> 1:54:46.880 that can't exist on the other side of the river. 1:54:47.920 --> 1:54:50.240 One day, we took a cab to see a monastery 1:54:50.320 --> 1:54:53.680 on a bluff overlooking the river down into My'anmar. We 1:54:53.720 --> 1:54:56.920 could see a casino still doing business with Chinese tourists, 1:54:57.000 --> 1:54:59.960 despite the bombing nearby. On the walls of the mono 1:55:00.120 --> 1:55:02.600 sterry were a colorful but horrific scenes of rape and 1:55:02.680 --> 1:55:06.160 murder Buddhist stages of Hell, a reminder that, according to 1:55:06.200 --> 1:55:09.240 the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, all life is suffering 1:55:09.520 --> 1:55:12.360 and greed is the cause of suffering. The same thing 1:55:12.400 --> 1:55:14.840 could be said for the refugees and fighters forced to 1:55:14.920 --> 1:55:17.640 hide in the endless green of the jungle, driven away 1:55:17.680 --> 1:55:20.360 from their homes by the greed of men who worship power, 1:55:20.880 --> 1:55:47.280 all demo, crazy dye wordering my doing. It's not easy 1:55:47.360 --> 1:55:49.760 to leave your home, even when people there are trying 1:55:49.800 --> 1:55:53.280 to kill you. Doctor Wonder, like everyone else, struggled with 1:55:53.360 --> 1:55:57.080 the choice. His hospital had next to no supplies. COVID's 1:55:57.120 --> 1:56:00.200 third wave was ravaging the population, and he couldn't even 1:56:00.240 --> 1:56:03.640 get oxygen to treat sick patients. All around him was 1:56:03.800 --> 1:56:07.480 death and fear, but he still wanted to stay. Actually, 1:56:07.960 --> 1:56:12.080 I don't want to live my country because if we 1:56:12.320 --> 1:56:16.280 just live like that, our country will be We'll go 1:56:16.440 --> 1:56:20.640 back to yes before century. You know, you know, they 1:56:20.800 --> 1:56:24.120 control everything. We have to just cue to where we 1:56:24.160 --> 1:56:27.680 have to just make it cue to get a patrolium petroleum. 1:56:27.960 --> 1:56:31.640 We have faced in our young age. I don't I 1:56:31.720 --> 1:56:35.760 don't want to feel that feeling again, not for me, 1:56:35.840 --> 1:56:38.840 not just for me, enough of for our people, for 1:56:39.120 --> 1:56:43.720 our new generation. I've got two young accents. Yes, one 1:56:43.800 --> 1:56:47.840 is a five year one is an idea. So I 1:56:47.960 --> 1:56:53.080 just want to fight until my last friend. But I 1:56:53.160 --> 1:56:59.600 can't tolerate because they are trying, because you know, a 1:57:01.400 --> 1:57:06.480 ground movement. I'm trying my best. The decision to go 1:57:06.880 --> 1:57:09.480 was made for him by the topal. We are making 1:57:09.560 --> 1:57:16.120 the meeting with him. He is anc control a control 1:57:16.240 --> 1:57:19.000 yes at those times. So we're making a meeting then 1:57:19.240 --> 1:57:23.200 asking him did he saved or not? You know adust 1:57:23.440 --> 1:57:27.920 And at the end of the meeting, he he told 1:57:27.960 --> 1:57:30.720 me that him he was going to the in saying oh, 1:57:30.800 --> 1:57:34.720 I say, oh shit, holy ship. He was arrested. So 1:57:36.400 --> 1:57:40.000 I was living the young ol and you know, the 1:57:40.120 --> 1:57:45.000 government sorry that. The military also announced that the remain 1:57:45.080 --> 1:57:49.880 to arrest remaining arrested. I think all of my things 1:57:49.920 --> 1:57:51.720 that you have to go because you have all of 1:57:51.800 --> 1:57:54.440 the data, so you have to go. So I decided 1:57:54.480 --> 1:57:57.760 to go. Okay, Andy and the boys made the decision 1:57:57.800 --> 1:58:00.920 to abandon their apartment and head for current territory and 1:58:01.000 --> 1:58:04.240 eventually Thailand. Once one of their protest friends was arrested 1:58:04.320 --> 1:58:06.760 by the government, his phone was on him when he 1:58:06.880 --> 1:58:10.760 got caught, potentially exposing all of them. After a harrowing 1:58:10.880 --> 1:58:13.480 drive into the jungle and several days among the Kuran, 1:58:13.760 --> 1:58:16.360 they succeeded in finding a people smuggler to get them 1:58:16.360 --> 1:58:18.840 across the border without getting stuck in one of the 1:58:18.880 --> 1:58:22.480 refugee camps operated by the Thai government. Three days later, 1:58:22.880 --> 1:58:25.760 we were trying to cross at night time, and these 1:58:25.800 --> 1:58:28.760 guys said, okay, you know you're going you cross, you 1:58:28.960 --> 1:58:33.040 get to Thailand the same night. And we thought, okay, 1:58:33.200 --> 1:58:35.520 you know, and we we streamed across the river. It 1:58:35.640 --> 1:58:38.280 was very scary, but for me, I've done it like 1:58:38.400 --> 1:58:42.200 three times, so it was a little bit. I thought 1:58:42.240 --> 1:58:44.800 it was going to be better, but it was more 1:58:44.880 --> 1:58:47.000 stressful because I had them right, So I was like, 1:58:47.080 --> 1:58:49.040 if it was me alone, maybe I could, you know, 1:58:49.120 --> 1:58:51.360 whatever happened, I would find a way out. I'm not 1:58:51.440 --> 1:58:53.720 sure if I could do that with three other people, 1:58:53.800 --> 1:58:56.840 you know, so I was quite nervous. We paid what 1:58:57.080 --> 1:59:03.240 five thouting bodies, right, it's not cheap, It is not cheaping. 1:59:05.560 --> 1:59:09.640 But because that's the thing, it's not just one person. Yeah, 1:59:09.720 --> 1:59:13.440 it's not just one person. He the person that crossed 1:59:13.520 --> 1:59:17.520 us from the river from Noality to this side is 1:59:17.600 --> 1:59:20.520 one and then from there to the Norman's line is 1:59:20.560 --> 1:59:23.080 another one. Right, So yeah, we saw the soldier were 1:59:23.120 --> 1:59:26.560 like Alex Dayton fought or attempted to fight with the 1:59:26.640 --> 1:59:29.320 correct but most of the time only did with stamp century, 1:59:29.760 --> 1:59:32.160 we're about getting enough to eat. I wonder when he 1:59:32.240 --> 1:59:34.240 gets his hands or something better than a squirrel rifle 1:59:34.800 --> 1:59:40.360 I kind of use because we don't have like enough guns, 1:59:41.840 --> 1:59:44.360 you know. Like so by the time that there was 1:59:44.480 --> 1:59:49.840 a like straight having uh lik ago, I thought like, oh, 1:59:49.960 --> 1:59:51.880 we're gonna have to like go and you know, like 1:59:52.040 --> 1:59:56.720 fight them now. But uh if they like we have 1:59:56.920 --> 1:59:59.560 to pack our staff and move to a diepa Jenko 2:00:01.280 --> 2:00:07.480 so were like kind of like reputees with uniforms. So yeah, 2:00:08.600 --> 2:00:10.640 you know, if I'm just keep staying there like we 2:00:10.840 --> 2:00:12.880 if we are just going to keep running away like this, 2:00:13.080 --> 2:00:15.800 like I don't want to stay there. I want to 2:00:15.880 --> 2:00:19.600 do something about the need, like you know, like the 2:00:19.760 --> 2:00:23.600 main needs in our kidis the weapons against So I 2:00:23.720 --> 2:00:26.200 want to like come here and like you know, like 2:00:26.560 --> 2:00:31.440 Wok Wok for that, he called his unit refugees with uniforms, 2:00:31.680 --> 2:00:34.320 and that's about what they were. This is why rebels 2:00:34.400 --> 2:00:36.400 like me Ak and Daddy you m c d are 2:00:36.520 --> 2:00:39.560 so motivated to find a way to reliably print functional 2:00:39.680 --> 2:00:44.080 semi automatic weapons. The Korean are desperately under armed, and 2:00:44.200 --> 2:00:46.760 yet they've been able to hold off the military for decades. 2:00:47.200 --> 2:00:50.080 If the Koran and other ethnic organizations were able to 2:00:50.120 --> 2:00:54.040 build functional arms production infrastructure alongside the new rebels with 2:00:54.120 --> 2:00:57.720 the PDF, they have a real chance at victory. If 2:00:57.760 --> 2:01:00.760 they succeed in building this, the repercussion around the world 2:01:00.840 --> 2:01:04.360 could be massive. That is, however, a story for another day. 2:01:06.560 --> 2:01:09.960 Seeing this kind of conflict isn't good for you. Nobody's 2:01:10.000 --> 2:01:12.520 supposed to live through this kind of stuff, and certainly 2:01:12.560 --> 2:01:15.280 not when they're just kids. Even in a rich country 2:01:15.360 --> 2:01:19.200 replete with therapists and VA clinics. Thousands of US veterans 2:01:19.280 --> 2:01:22.800 live every day with PTFT. The difference for them is 2:01:22.880 --> 2:01:26.360 that they went to war in Myanma what comes to you? 2:01:27.040 --> 2:01:32.120 And then there's another one which is Sada this one 2:01:32.960 --> 2:01:35.640 and I did the first part and I'm too scared 2:01:35.680 --> 2:01:38.720 to do the second part. Yeah, I mean this is 2:01:38.800 --> 2:01:40.360 fucked up. Like every time I have to do it, 2:01:40.480 --> 2:01:46.360 I get my head get funned. That's one of the 2:01:46.400 --> 2:01:50.160 guy and so that's in Yangon in the protest. That's 2:01:50.160 --> 2:01:52.080 one of the night, where that's one of the day. 2:01:52.160 --> 2:01:55.480 But the Ajouana about a hundred people would kill over 2:01:55.480 --> 2:02:00.480 a hundred people. You can see in the video they 2:02:00.600 --> 2:02:07.520 come in um and you will see that the military, 2:02:07.560 --> 2:02:09.720 how the military came in and how they were trying 2:02:09.760 --> 2:02:13.560 to I'm not sure if I have it any more, 2:02:13.600 --> 2:02:27.520 maybe here delop. They surrounded and they killed everybody. What 2:02:27.640 --> 2:02:30.600 they've seen is bonded the boys. They do anything for 2:02:30.680 --> 2:02:32.840 each other, and they've already done things that most of 2:02:32.920 --> 2:02:35.720 us can't imagine. When one of their mothers wanted to 2:02:35.760 --> 2:02:39.200 take him home, he felt helpless without them. When the 2:02:39.280 --> 2:02:41.640 rest of them crossed. One of their moms came back 2:02:41.680 --> 2:02:44.360 to get him without them, and stuck in the country 2:02:44.400 --> 2:02:47.760 following apart, he didn't want to keep going. Every day 2:02:47.800 --> 2:02:51.320 he watched soldiers outside himself popping Yabba pills yabas, a 2:02:51.480 --> 2:02:54.240 meth based drug that soldiers are often given by the military. 2:02:55.320 --> 2:02:57.880 He worried they kill him. His brother in law was 2:02:58.000 --> 2:03:01.760 arrested and tortured just to having a lighter. Can you 2:03:01.800 --> 2:03:04.480 remember what it felt like when your mom came taking him. 2:03:05.800 --> 2:03:09.000 He kept saying, he's gonna kill himself for a long time, 2:03:09.760 --> 2:03:15.720 for a long time. I will come through, okay, Yeah. Yeah. 2:03:17.120 --> 2:03:26.840 He wasn't in a good space. Yeah, that's very space. Yeah, 2:03:26.840 --> 2:03:31.280 and I didn't that. So he was saying that if 2:03:31.320 --> 2:03:34.200 he has to go back, he was telling us like, um, 2:03:35.000 --> 2:03:37.480 you know, now he's alone, Like he doesn't even have 2:03:37.680 --> 2:03:39.960 us anymore. And so he was saying, like he's going 2:03:40.000 --> 2:03:41.400 to go out to the protests and he's going to 2:03:41.480 --> 2:03:44.480 try to kill the cops, right, the soldiers, the police. 2:03:45.160 --> 2:03:48.200 And it was very difficult like for us to like 2:03:48.360 --> 2:03:53.240 because we know his mom can't really like help him 2:03:53.280 --> 2:03:55.320 with that stuff. You know we can, but she really 2:03:55.360 --> 2:03:58.320 wanted to take him. So over time they chatted on 2:03:58.400 --> 2:04:01.680 the phone and he felt it. But now he's here 2:04:01.960 --> 2:04:04.560 with the boys. It's him playing his guitar and the 2:04:04.640 --> 2:04:07.480 music you heard. Um, he got a little better. Um 2:04:09.080 --> 2:04:11.560 coping with this in a good life, you know what 2:04:11.640 --> 2:04:15.200 I mean. I mean, if you're young and you see 2:04:15.360 --> 2:04:18.720 people killing people like this terribly, you have some drug 2:04:18.880 --> 2:04:22.080 fucked up thoughts yourself too, write like well I could 2:04:22.120 --> 2:04:24.120 do this to someone too, and stuff like that. So 2:04:24.880 --> 2:04:27.480 he's struggled a lot with that for a long time. 2:04:28.040 --> 2:04:30.760 And um, I think the worst thing was being alone. 2:04:31.160 --> 2:04:33.400 He was alone. He couldn't talk to his mom about 2:04:33.400 --> 2:04:36.920 all these things, right. He was paranoid, he was scary, 2:04:36.960 --> 2:04:40.720 he was traumatized. So I mean you should see like 2:04:40.840 --> 2:04:44.720 the first time he canalize. It's been five months since 2:04:44.760 --> 2:04:47.280 he was he's here, but the first few months it 2:04:47.360 --> 2:04:52.720 was very difficult. Yeah, I'm kind of like I talked 2:04:52.760 --> 2:04:54.600 to them all the time about this, because I know 2:04:54.760 --> 2:04:59.080 talking helps with these stuffs, like especially when you all 2:04:59.160 --> 2:05:01.520 feel in the same It's like, you know, and I 2:05:01.680 --> 2:05:03.800 think our ways of coping with this is like we 2:05:03.920 --> 2:05:06.600 talked about it about like kind of like a joking way, 2:05:06.720 --> 2:05:09.520 like people hearing it. That's the best way to deal 2:05:09.600 --> 2:05:11.560 with it, Like to get through those hard days on 2:05:11.680 --> 2:05:14.160 his own looking down at men who wanted him dead. 2:05:14.600 --> 2:05:18.000 He picked up a cheap acoustic guitar. When he got back, 2:05:18.080 --> 2:05:20.880 he began teaching the others he hadn't picked it up. 2:05:21.000 --> 2:05:24.360 That's pretty good. When we went out to the pool 2:05:24.360 --> 2:05:27.440 bar at night, in between kicking herrasses, the boys would 2:05:27.480 --> 2:05:29.080 look up at the stage. It was occupied by a 2:05:29.360 --> 2:05:33.400 pretty second rate cover band for whatever reason, probably not 2:05:33.560 --> 2:05:36.280 helped by the incredibly rough Tige, and we've been smashing back. 2:05:36.800 --> 2:05:38.360 I looked at them looking at the stage on our 2:05:38.440 --> 2:05:42.280 last night, and I wanted to cry. Teenage kids shouldn't 2:05:42.280 --> 2:05:44.760 be caught picking up guns to fight or picking up 2:05:44.840 --> 2:05:47.560 cameras to film their friends dying. They should be doing 2:05:47.600 --> 2:05:49.480 what I was doing when I was a teenager, which 2:05:49.560 --> 2:05:51.600 is making a complete prick of myself on a stage 2:05:51.640 --> 2:05:55.840 with a guitar. One day, hopefully soon they'll be able 2:05:55.840 --> 2:05:57.680 to sing happy songs again and the war will just 2:05:57.760 --> 2:06:05.440 be a memory, my stuff. Then when you write it before, Yeah, 2:06:06.840 --> 2:06:15.920 I don't have from Paul. Yeah, I don't talk like stood. 2:06:18.800 --> 2:06:22.080 Their bond is so close now, they're barely ever apart. 2:06:22.880 --> 2:06:25.040 It's a lot of responsibility for Andy, who's just twenty 2:06:25.080 --> 2:06:27.840 two himself, but he wouldn't want it any other way, 2:06:28.000 --> 2:06:31.520 and neither would they. One night and you and Sarah 2:06:31.600 --> 2:06:34.360 have appointments, and so Robert and I take the boys 2:06:34.440 --> 2:06:37.160 for dinner. It's a lot of fun and actually a 2:06:37.240 --> 2:06:40.040 lot of food. But when we talked to him about 2:06:40.040 --> 2:06:42.440 their options as refugees who might be able to come 2:06:42.480 --> 2:06:45.480 to the US, one thing is clear. They don't want 2:06:45.480 --> 2:06:48.480 to be a part. For me, it's like I'd rather 2:06:48.680 --> 2:06:52.360 fucking take bullet than any of them, because if they 2:06:52.520 --> 2:06:54.920 die or if something happened to them, I am in 2:06:55.080 --> 2:06:56.920 so much trouble, you know what I mean. But I 2:06:57.000 --> 2:06:59.360 know that that's what they want to do. Like if 2:06:59.400 --> 2:07:02.640 the mom trud him and yangon and he doesn't do 2:07:02.720 --> 2:07:06.160 anything and the revolution is over, he's going to feel 2:07:06.200 --> 2:07:08.520 so much regret, you know, like for not being involved 2:07:08.560 --> 2:07:11.840 in this, and that's for me. It's like people if 2:07:11.960 --> 2:07:13.800 if people want to fight, like, you know, like we 2:07:13.800 --> 2:07:19.400 shouldn't keep them. We shouldn't just say yeah. It's been 2:07:19.440 --> 2:07:21.880 a few months since we got back from Masont. It's 2:07:21.920 --> 2:07:24.400 the rainy season there now, and that makes fighting and 2:07:24.520 --> 2:07:28.560 reporting harder. Amira is still stuck in Mason. It it's 2:07:28.600 --> 2:07:30.280 not safe for her to go back to a country 2:07:30.320 --> 2:07:33.160 where her family wants her dead, but it's not possible 2:07:33.240 --> 2:07:36.960 for her to leave Masat either without travel documents, something 2:07:37.040 --> 2:07:38.760 the u N h c R would have to issue. 2:07:38.920 --> 2:07:41.640 She's stuck in a little room in a hotel. It's 2:07:41.680 --> 2:07:43.840 not a great place for a young woman, and it's 2:07:43.880 --> 2:07:46.280 even worse when she has to watch her friends continue 2:07:46.320 --> 2:07:49.040 to struggle without her. We both wrote to the U 2:07:49.200 --> 2:07:52.400 N and the various embassies on her behalf, but months 2:07:52.480 --> 2:07:55.240 later we've heard nothing. This is typical of a lot 2:07:55.320 --> 2:07:59.040 of refugees. They're often presented as a faceless mass of humanity, 2:07:59.120 --> 2:08:01.440 bereft of hope, but each of them has a story, 2:08:01.640 --> 2:08:04.320 and those refugee camps along the border between Thailand and 2:08:04.400 --> 2:08:07.680 Myanmar are full of stories. Some of those are stories 2:08:07.720 --> 2:08:10.920 of fear, some of heroism, and some of tragedy, But 2:08:11.040 --> 2:08:13.560 until things change at the u N, all of those 2:08:13.600 --> 2:08:17.480 stories aren't being told. The three D printed firearms Mawk 2:08:17.520 --> 2:08:20.040 and his colleagues are working on have made massive progress 2:08:20.040 --> 2:08:22.720 over the last few months. But even though three D 2:08:22.800 --> 2:08:24.920 printed guns cost a small fraction of the price of 2:08:24.960 --> 2:08:28.000 an M sixteen or an a K forty seven, the 2:08:28.080 --> 2:08:31.760 pro democracy forces are still desperately underfunded. They're at war 2:08:31.840 --> 2:08:33.760 with the state, but they don't have any of the 2:08:33.800 --> 2:08:37.080 apparatus of the state with which to fight back. Instead, 2:08:37.720 --> 2:08:40.320 the gen Z rebels have turned once again to the Internet. 2:08:41.000 --> 2:08:45.360 Alongside crowdfunding campaigns that liberate, they've developed a more innovative 2:08:45.400 --> 2:08:48.320 fundraising method that allows for donations even from people who 2:08:48.320 --> 2:08:52.560 don't have any money. Instead of soliciting cash donations risking 2:08:52.640 --> 2:08:55.720 exposing their donors, they began using a method that they 2:08:55.800 --> 2:08:59.280 call click to Donate, where supporters could help the rebels 2:08:59.320 --> 2:09:02.000 by clicking on adverts on certain videos and websites in 2:09:02.120 --> 2:09:05.640 order to generate advertising revenue. It's used to find everything 2:09:05.720 --> 2:09:08.400 from weapons purchases to shelter for the ten four thousand 2:09:08.480 --> 2:09:12.600 eternally displaced people in Myanmar. I spoke to several people 2:09:12.640 --> 2:09:14.520 in Myanmar who asked not to be named for their 2:09:14.520 --> 2:09:16.920 own safety, but are very familiar with the funding of 2:09:17.000 --> 2:09:20.520 the PDF. One of them told me click to donate 2:09:20.600 --> 2:09:23.360 started to support government staff who had decided to join 2:09:23.400 --> 2:09:27.280 a civil disobedience movement. Government staff are always low paid, 2:09:27.680 --> 2:09:30.200 and so they were not very financially stable. In the beginning, 2:09:31.400 --> 2:09:33.880 the function click to tommy allow these workers to strike 2:09:33.920 --> 2:09:37.640 without pay. After a few weeks of being on strike, 2:09:37.960 --> 2:09:41.080 financial concerns were weakening the movement and people were being 2:09:41.160 --> 2:09:45.520 forced to work or starve. Younger protomocracy activists responded by 2:09:45.560 --> 2:09:48.720 setting up YouTube channels and then using the anti coup 2:09:48.800 --> 2:09:51.960 telegram channels to direct millions of views and a cliques 2:09:52.000 --> 2:09:54.760 to them from across the country and from supporters abroad. 2:09:55.880 --> 2:09:59.080 The resulting advertising revenue allowed them to fund the civil 2:09:59.120 --> 2:10:03.040 disobedience movement and later to equip the PDF. By December, 2:10:04.320 --> 2:10:07.040 these clicks were yielding an income of about five hundred 2:10:07.120 --> 2:10:11.840 million kiyats about twenty eight thousand dollars every day. The 2:10:11.920 --> 2:10:15.840 military junta responded to this and international indignation at videos 2:10:15.880 --> 2:10:19.120 of protesters being massacred in the street by tripling data 2:10:19.160 --> 2:10:23.760 prizes and throttling internet connection speeds. Pro democracy keyboard warriors 2:10:23.800 --> 2:10:27.720 responded with viral content that required less bandwidth, including writing 2:10:27.800 --> 2:10:30.920 personal finance blogs to attract the u S audience that 2:10:31.080 --> 2:10:34.440 was unknowingly supporting a revolution with its clicks. People in 2:10:34.520 --> 2:10:37.520 Myanmar also began to use VPNs to access the Internet. 2:10:37.840 --> 2:10:40.200 This helped them get around some of the junta's restrictions 2:10:40.320 --> 2:10:43.080 and also yielded a higher advertising payment per click on 2:10:43.120 --> 2:10:46.920 a given advert. Websites like Digital Revolution allow users to 2:10:47.000 --> 2:10:50.400 find content that supports pro democracy rebels and click on it, 2:10:50.880 --> 2:10:53.480 lending their support with nothing more than a broadband connection 2:10:53.560 --> 2:10:56.880 and a few seconds of their time. Alongside their videos 2:10:56.920 --> 2:11:00.560 and websites, the gen Z rebels also launched games. At first, 2:11:00.640 --> 2:11:03.720 they were just simple, little online phone app games that 2:11:03.760 --> 2:11:06.200 would let you throw darts at the cool leader or something. 2:11:06.800 --> 2:11:09.360 One source told us that these games didn't just support 2:11:09.480 --> 2:11:12.440 the rebels through funding, but also provided a little bit 2:11:12.480 --> 2:11:14.720 of mental health care. You know, at least people could 2:11:14.840 --> 2:11:17.360 virtually kill the folks in their city and their home 2:11:17.720 --> 2:11:20.200 who were ruining their lives. And at the same time, 2:11:20.360 --> 2:11:22.480 the games earned the money, and that money went to 2:11:22.600 --> 2:11:25.440 fund the PDF. The most impressive of these games is 2:11:25.440 --> 2:11:27.920 a recently launched War of Heroes, which you can buy 2:11:28.000 --> 2:11:29.720 for just a dollar on the Apple and Google app 2:11:29.720 --> 2:11:32.360 stores if you want to check it out. In the game, 2:11:32.640 --> 2:11:35.480 which is available in Burmese or English, a player can 2:11:35.560 --> 2:11:37.560 fight as a man or a woman and take on 2:11:37.680 --> 2:11:41.960 government troops and even zombies. The money donated by these 2:11:42.000 --> 2:11:44.320 games and adverts doesn't just go into a black hole, 2:11:44.520 --> 2:11:47.480 according to the sources I spoke to. We have a 2:11:47.520 --> 2:11:50.800 click to donate Facebook page, they said, and regularly we 2:11:50.920 --> 2:11:54.480 release financial statements on a Facebook page saying like this 2:11:54.640 --> 2:11:57.600 month we gave ten million caaps to that group. I 2:11:57.680 --> 2:12:00.560 spoke to Billy Ford, a program officer for the Burma 2:12:00.600 --> 2:12:03.440 team at US Institute of Peace. He says this kind 2:12:03.480 --> 2:12:06.240 of innovation is what's allowed the protomocracy movement to survive 2:12:06.320 --> 2:12:10.600 in Miama since it was last violently suppressed in ATPs, 2:12:10.640 --> 2:12:14.200 and resistance movements in Myanmar have historically been an example 2:12:14.240 --> 2:12:17.520 to the world of creative, strategic and resilient models of activism, 2:12:17.600 --> 2:12:21.840 he said. This poste movement has taken that to a 2:12:21.880 --> 2:12:25.480 new level, enabling it to defy all historical precedent and 2:12:25.600 --> 2:12:28.480 sustain an anti coup movement for more than eighteen months, 2:12:28.520 --> 2:12:32.120 now actually gaining ground against a regime with an enormous 2:12:32.120 --> 2:12:36.680 structural advantage, rather than seeing their lack of weapons and 2:12:36.760 --> 2:12:39.200 funds of the fatal flaw. Ford says that the highly 2:12:39.280 --> 2:12:42.000 unlined rebels have looked for areas where they can outflank 2:12:42.040 --> 2:12:45.240 the aging generals who stole their futures from them. The 2:12:45.320 --> 2:12:49.240 movement has leveraged comparative advantages large numbers of people with 2:12:49.360 --> 2:12:53.760 time and tech savvy to raise money. He says. This tactic, 2:12:53.880 --> 2:12:56.800 although unusual, has been a great success. According to Ford, 2:12:58.160 --> 2:13:01.200 the approach has grown enormously, with one of the video games, 2:13:01.240 --> 2:13:03.680 for example, rising to become a number two paid app 2:13:03.760 --> 2:13:06.240 on the App Store at one point. However, all the 2:13:06.280 --> 2:13:08.480 cliques in the world might not be enough to sweep 2:13:08.520 --> 2:13:11.200 the rebels into Mandalay and return the country on its 2:13:11.240 --> 2:13:14.720 path towards democracy. Sources inside ME and MAR say that 2:13:14.840 --> 2:13:17.080 less and less revenue is generated by a ME and 2:13:17.160 --> 2:13:19.879 Mari ip address, and that they have had to encourage 2:13:19.960 --> 2:13:22.680 members of the People's Clique force to install vp ns 2:13:22.720 --> 2:13:24.440 to make their clicks appear to come from the U 2:13:24.600 --> 2:13:27.640 S or Europe. Sometimes the traffic is so massive that 2:13:27.760 --> 2:13:31.280 YouTube's algorithm mistakes it for an artificial intelligence bot net. 2:13:31.720 --> 2:13:34.720 They're looking, they tell me, it pivoting towards affiliate links 2:13:34.760 --> 2:13:37.000 and the sort of content driven commerce that has swept 2:13:37.040 --> 2:13:39.320 the U S media thanks to the success of sites 2:13:39.400 --> 2:13:43.280 like The wire Cutter. Meanwhile, on the ground, PDF forces 2:13:43.320 --> 2:13:46.200 are regularly getting the better of the toutmadaw and small 2:13:46.400 --> 2:13:49.440 arms conflict, but coming off worse when they can't defend 2:13:49.480 --> 2:13:52.120 themselves against the Russian jets, which the Hunter uses to 2:13:52.200 --> 2:13:56.960 bomb civilian and military targets. Without man portable anti aircraft systems, 2:13:57.160 --> 2:13:59.920 the rebels are sitting ducks. The world is sent thou 2:14:00.240 --> 2:14:02.640 of these to Ukraine and none to people in Myanmar 2:14:02.760 --> 2:14:06.040 fighting the same battle for democracy against the same Russian jets. 2:14:06.720 --> 2:14:10.320 Despite this, they're not discouraged. PDF rebels tell me they 2:14:10.360 --> 2:14:12.640 have been scouring the Internet and they're working on a 2:14:12.760 --> 2:14:15.360 solution that doesn't need the apparatus of support of a 2:14:15.440 --> 2:14:18.840 state and instead relies on stable broadband and the increasing 2:14:19.000 --> 2:14:23.280 ingenuity they've shown in eighteen months of revolution. De crazy, 2:14:23.560 --> 2:14:49.200 I word oh do dying? YEA yeah? Oh my really 2:14:49.560 --> 2:15:07.840 young age boy nine? I know it. Hi everyone, it's 2:15:07.880 --> 2:15:11.360 me again, James. Don't worry. I'm not coming to you 2:15:11.400 --> 2:15:13.400 at the end of the series to report something tragic 2:15:13.480 --> 2:15:15.240 like I did. And I'll last me. I'm a series 2:15:15.440 --> 2:15:18.040 and I'm just recording this little message at the end 2:15:18.160 --> 2:15:20.440 to say that we're very grateful to Daniel, Andy and 2:15:20.640 --> 2:15:23.080 for all their hard work on this, and we've gone 2:15:23.120 --> 2:15:27.880 through countless edits for this particular project, and they've done 2:15:27.880 --> 2:15:29.240 a lot of hard work to get it to you 2:15:29.280 --> 2:15:31.600 in the form that you listen to it today and 2:15:31.720 --> 2:15:34.040 for the last week. We also want to say that 2:15:34.320 --> 2:15:37.600 although this appears to be a podcast written and recorded 2:15:37.640 --> 2:15:40.200 by Robert and I, that Andy is very much a 2:15:40.280 --> 2:15:42.240 co author and that none of this would have been 2:15:42.280 --> 2:15:44.880 possible without him. As we said, and he's not his 2:15:44.960 --> 2:15:47.720 real name, and we can't put his real name in 2:15:47.760 --> 2:15:51.040 the credits because we're worried for his safety, but his 2:15:51.200 --> 2:15:54.520 work has been invaluable and without him, none of what 2:15:54.640 --> 2:16:00.000 you've heard would be possible. Hey, We'll be back Monday 2:16:00.240 --> 2:16:03.160 with more episodes every week from now until the heat 2:16:03.200 --> 2:16:05.560 death of the Universe. It could happen. Here is a 2:16:05.600 --> 2:16:08.440 production of cool Zone Media. For more podcasts from cool 2:16:08.520 --> 2:16:11.120 Zone Media, visit our website cool zone media dot com, 2:16:11.280 --> 2:16:13.040 or check us out on the I Heart Radio app, 2:16:13.080 --> 2:16:16.080 Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts, you can 2:16:16.120 --> 2:16:18.800 find sources for It could happen here, Updated monthly at 2:16:18.840 --> 2:16:22.040 cool zone media dot com slash sources. Thanks for listening.