WEBVTT - What Actually Happened at COP26? 0:00:04.920 --> 0:00:09.320 Welcome back to It Could Happen Here, the podcast about 0:00:09.680 --> 0:00:12.880 you know, the problems and stuff that are happening and 0:00:12.880 --> 0:00:15.120 how to maybe make them better. And speaking of the 0:00:15.120 --> 0:00:17.279 problems that are happening and how to make them better. 0:00:17.800 --> 0:00:25.080 Garrison Davis, Hi, Hello, that's so that's so weird, Segue. 0:00:25.160 --> 0:00:27.520 I wanted to introduce this video telling you guys that 0:00:27.560 --> 0:00:29.560 I just watched a movie that you should watch because 0:00:29.600 --> 0:00:32.159 it's pretty rad and it's ties into all the things 0:00:32.240 --> 0:00:36.839 we talked about. It's all the Pizza Gate massacred. It 0:00:37.000 --> 0:00:41.040 is a micro budget under a hundred thousand dollars film 0:00:41.080 --> 0:00:43.000 that looks great. They did a really good job with 0:00:43.040 --> 0:00:48.000 the budget they had about UM an Alex Jones employee 0:00:48.000 --> 0:00:51.360 type person and a mass shooter who go looking for 0:00:51.760 --> 0:00:55.280 UH to try to solve the Pizza Gate things. Oh boy, 0:00:55.840 --> 0:00:59.959 it is a an actually very nuanced and I think 0:01:00.640 --> 0:01:06.959 deeply knowledgeable commentary on specifically like the Texan conspiracy scene. 0:01:06.959 --> 0:01:10.240 Like it's a like film. They're Alex Jones character who's 0:01:10.240 --> 0:01:11.920 played by a woman in this They film in the 0:01:11.920 --> 0:01:16.240 original studio that he recorded in back and like the 0:01:16.480 --> 0:01:20.000 filmmaker who did this gets like the culture in the area, 0:01:20.120 --> 0:01:22.360 and kind of the relationship between the people who get 0:01:22.440 --> 0:01:24.959 radicalized and do ship and the people who just profit 0:01:25.000 --> 0:01:28.360 from it. It's a very good Um it's it is, 0:01:28.400 --> 0:01:31.520 by the way, a grindhouse horror movie. Like whatever you're expecting. 0:01:31.560 --> 0:01:34.240 It's not that it is, like it is an incredibly 0:01:34.280 --> 0:01:38.400 gory grindhouse movie. Um, but it's it's pretty it's pretty fun. 0:01:38.920 --> 0:01:41.800 What does that have to do with cup Nothing at all, 0:01:41.800 --> 0:01:43.039 but it has a lot to do with it could 0:01:43.040 --> 0:01:49.600 happen here because all right, well watch it anyway. Um, 0:01:49.680 --> 0:01:51.360 this is that could happen here. I show about how 0:01:51.440 --> 0:01:53.760 things are kind of falling apart and how we can 0:01:53.760 --> 0:01:59.560 then maybe slow that down or prepare for the uncertain future. Um. 0:01:59.560 --> 0:02:02.480 An episod it about cops, right, I mean, I mean 0:02:02.560 --> 0:02:07.280 we are we are planning an episode on Washington State Patrol. Um. 0:02:07.320 --> 0:02:09.840 But no, this is episode is a different a different 0:02:09.919 --> 0:02:14.880 kind of cop about just as useful. Um So, in 0:02:14.720 --> 0:02:18.919 the first five episodes of The Daily Show or season two, 0:02:19.080 --> 0:02:21.079 which if you haven't listened to you should definitely listen 0:02:21.080 --> 0:02:23.800 to those, as they kind of act as our show's 0:02:24.120 --> 0:02:27.960 manifesto of sorts. But nevertheless, the first time episodes of 0:02:27.960 --> 0:02:32.720 the scripted daily show put forth like a more like realistic, 0:02:32.800 --> 0:02:35.880 non sugarcoated look at what climate change will bring if 0:02:35.880 --> 0:02:39.320 we continue on our current course. Um, but not just 0:02:39.400 --> 0:02:42.640 looking at the obvious environmental and extreme weather effects, but 0:02:42.720 --> 0:02:46.520 also like the socio political effects. So when I was 0:02:46.560 --> 0:02:49.800 helping Robert out with the research for those episodes, some 0:02:49.880 --> 0:02:53.720 of the best indicators of like the mainstream conception of 0:02:53.760 --> 0:02:57.560 the scientific, environmental and political status of climate change was 0:02:57.760 --> 0:03:02.200 at the United Nations past uh I I PCC reports, 0:03:02.200 --> 0:03:05.680 which is the inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change, and 0:03:05.919 --> 0:03:10.720 the COP conferences. So during the first few weeks of 0:03:10.800 --> 0:03:16.080 this past November, November one, the twenty six annual COP 0:03:16.200 --> 0:03:20.880 conference took place in Glasgow. Um. And yeah, the name 0:03:20.919 --> 0:03:23.160 of the conference is kind of a decent indication on 0:03:23.200 --> 0:03:27.880 how useful these things actually are. But a COPS stands 0:03:27.919 --> 0:03:31.360 for a Conference of the parties, And for almost three 0:03:31.400 --> 0:03:36.000 decades they've been like the main international stage uh for 0:03:36.000 --> 0:03:40.360 for countries and companies to discuss climate related information and 0:03:40.400 --> 0:03:44.600 like they're alleged like goals. Um, so yeah, they're a 0:03:44.600 --> 0:03:48.320 good indicator not onlike sometimes they do present actual good 0:03:48.360 --> 0:03:51.920 science and like decent predictions, but they're often just like 0:03:51.960 --> 0:03:55.760 a good indication of what kind of the mainstream people 0:03:56.040 --> 0:03:59.080 think about what climate change is. And you know what 0:03:59.160 --> 0:04:01.280 the people in power, how they are viewing it and 0:04:01.560 --> 0:04:05.000 how urgent they think it's worth addressing versus how much 0:04:05.000 --> 0:04:08.240 money they want to spend on it. So the most 0:04:08.320 --> 0:04:14.800 notable COP in recent memory was in Paris COP twenty one. 0:04:15.000 --> 0:04:19.160 This is kind of where the Paris Climate Accords were born. Uh. 0:04:19.240 --> 0:04:22.040 The commitment was to aim for one point five degrees 0:04:22.080 --> 0:04:24.599 of warming and it was signed on by nearly all 0:04:24.720 --> 0:04:27.520 major countries. Of course the US signed on, left then 0:04:27.560 --> 0:04:33.039 resigned on. But anyway, under the Paris Agreement, countries committed 0:04:33.200 --> 0:04:37.400 to bring forth like a national plans UH figuring figuring 0:04:37.400 --> 0:04:40.240 out how they would reduce their emissions, but they would 0:04:40.240 --> 0:04:42.440 do it like by themselves, and they would be called 0:04:42.880 --> 0:04:46.680 n d c s or nationally determined contributions. And the 0:04:46.720 --> 0:04:49.960 idea was for every five years countries would gather up 0:04:50.240 --> 0:04:54.280 and present their current plans on the national stage. This 0:04:54.360 --> 0:04:56.919 was what COPPY was going to be. Now, it was 0:04:56.960 --> 0:04:59.799 delayed a year because of the pandemic, but COP twenty 0:04:59.839 --> 0:05:03.520 SI was the time for countries to present their n 0:05:03.560 --> 0:05:07.359 d c s on for like their updated versions on 0:05:07.400 --> 0:05:10.800 their plans to reduce some missions. So most of the 0:05:10.880 --> 0:05:14.360 NDCs got submitted before the conference and kind of led 0:05:14.400 --> 0:05:18.560 the discussion of the conference. UM By like mid October, Uh, 0:05:18.680 --> 0:05:23.400 think about seventy of the countries or uh, you know, 0:05:23.480 --> 0:05:26.440 states that signed on to the Paris Agreement submitted their 0:05:26.600 --> 0:05:29.840 submitted their version of the NDCs and and and those 0:05:29.880 --> 0:05:32.680 countries about a hundred and forty of them are responsible 0:05:32.720 --> 0:05:36.960 for the majority of global emissions. So that that that 0:05:37.040 --> 0:05:40.359 was what kind of led up to two COP twenty 0:05:40.440 --> 0:05:44.960 six from happening. UM. And the the overarching aim of 0:05:45.160 --> 0:05:50.280 the conference, according to UP president UM, when I try 0:05:50.320 --> 0:05:55.240 to pronounce this name um outlock uh sharma UM. He 0:05:55.760 --> 0:05:58.159 said that the the the idea for the conference was 0:05:58.240 --> 0:06:04.120 to like keep alive Paris Agreements target to keep global 0:06:04.160 --> 0:06:09.960 temperatures from rising above one point five degrees celsius above 0:06:10.040 --> 0:06:13.000 pre industrial levels. So that was that was like the 0:06:13.000 --> 0:06:15.760 goal of the conference going into it was to kind 0:06:15.760 --> 0:06:18.200 of keep this idea of the Paris Climate Accords of 0:06:18.200 --> 0:06:22.000 still being achievable. UM. And that's and that's not what 0:06:22.080 --> 0:06:25.479 happened at the top twenties. UM. Now it's it's it's 0:06:25.480 --> 0:06:28.960 important to kind of point out that the commitments laid 0:06:28.960 --> 0:06:32.839 out in the Pairs Accords don't come close to limiting 0:06:32.960 --> 0:06:35.160 global warming to one point five degrees, as it is 0:06:35.160 --> 0:06:38.680 said in the accords. Like like they they acknowledge that, um, 0:06:38.720 --> 0:06:41.240 which is what the kind of NDCs are for. But 0:06:41.360 --> 0:06:43.720 even still those are just non those are those are 0:06:43.720 --> 0:06:47.680 just non binding agreements. But anyway, so the cord the 0:06:47.680 --> 0:06:51.280 accords and the restrictions and goals and well there's no restrictions, 0:06:51.279 --> 0:06:53.600 it's just goals. The goals and them don't don't come 0:06:53.600 --> 0:06:56.240 close to limiting to one point five degrees. And we've 0:06:56.279 --> 0:06:58.839 already most likely shot way past the point of that 0:06:58.920 --> 0:07:02.159 being in any way achievable. Um. But you know, we 0:07:02.200 --> 0:07:05.240 can still limit things from being megabad like four degrees. 0:07:05.279 --> 0:07:08.679 But we are we are already on a certain path. 0:07:09.320 --> 0:07:13.640 So in in asking nations to set tougher targets by 0:07:14.200 --> 0:07:17.760 next year for cutting climate warming emissions, the new agreement 0:07:17.960 --> 0:07:21.760 at Glasgow acknowledge that the commitments that were in place 0:07:21.840 --> 0:07:27.040 are inadequate and if rigorously followed, the new national pledges 0:07:27.280 --> 0:07:30.320 so include the stuff including the Paras Accords and the 0:07:30.320 --> 0:07:33.760 new Glasgow packed um and all of the individual like 0:07:33.960 --> 0:07:37.400 uh n d c s. If all of those are followed, 0:07:37.720 --> 0:07:40.760 the world is now on track for a two point 0:07:40.840 --> 0:07:44.000 one to two point four degrees celsius of warming by 0:07:44.000 --> 0:07:46.480 the end of the century. And that is the lower estimate. 0:07:46.520 --> 0:07:50.520 As we'll see later on. Higher estimates were also um 0:07:50.800 --> 0:07:54.680 shown at at the at the Glasgow conference. So we 0:07:54.760 --> 0:07:57.320 have the the idea was to hopefully keep it to 0:07:57.360 --> 0:08:00.560 one point five and already we're pushing at back by 0:08:00.600 --> 0:08:02.560 almost a whole a whole degree if we're going to 0:08:02.600 --> 0:08:06.200 like two point four. Um, so that that's that's like 0:08:06.920 --> 0:08:09.640 the main one of the main impacts there is like 0:08:09.800 --> 0:08:12.480 just totally kissing one point five goodbye, Like no what, 0:08:12.680 --> 0:08:15.880 no one even is going to view that as a 0:08:16.000 --> 0:08:22.840 possibility at this point. Huh. So, I don't know how 0:08:22.840 --> 0:08:25.760 many people were still looking at that as really a goal. 0:08:25.840 --> 0:08:29.560 Apparently some people of the planners of copy apparently were, 0:08:30.240 --> 0:08:32.880 um but I mean, I know for us, we've we've 0:08:32.920 --> 0:08:35.560 been aware of that, and I'm not sure how you know, 0:08:36.120 --> 0:08:41.079 really what mainstream liberals were thinking before this, but hopefully 0:08:41.160 --> 0:08:43.520 at the very least, maybe Cop twenty six made them 0:08:43.520 --> 0:08:47.079 realize that maybe it's there's a there's kind of it's 0:08:47.120 --> 0:08:50.560 it's made maybe worse than what you were thinking. Um. 0:08:50.600 --> 0:08:53.600 But there there are other things did happen at at 0:08:53.640 --> 0:08:57.400 Glasgow that are that are worth looking into. Um. So 0:08:57.480 --> 0:09:01.000 the main quote unquote achievements of of the Glasgow Deal 0:09:01.640 --> 0:09:04.920 besides like revisiting the emissions cutting plants to try to 0:09:05.000 --> 0:09:07.880 keep stuff down, which of course we're you know, not 0:09:07.880 --> 0:09:11.080 not not met in shot way past. Um, but there 0:09:11.240 --> 0:09:14.800 we also had the first ever inclusion of a commitment 0:09:14.880 --> 0:09:19.040 to limit coal use. Now, the way phrasing is gonna 0:09:19.080 --> 0:09:21.400 work here is gonna be really interesting because the reason 0:09:21.440 --> 0:09:24.359 why this deal got passed is because some very specific 0:09:24.720 --> 0:09:28.600 shifts in their phrasing around coal use. Um. The other 0:09:28.640 --> 0:09:31.120 thing that CAT that CAT twenty six tried to do 0:09:31.760 --> 0:09:36.480 was increase financial help for so called developing countries and 0:09:36.600 --> 0:09:40.640 provide funds and assistance for like climate disasters. So like 0:09:40.760 --> 0:09:43.760 when when like extreme weather events happen, have a set 0:09:43.800 --> 0:09:48.640 of funds uh set aside to help countries in these disasters. Now, 0:09:49.000 --> 0:09:51.640 those are that that is a good idea, but as 0:09:51.679 --> 0:09:54.160 we'll see later, the way COPY actually did it is 0:09:54.200 --> 0:09:57.360 not actually doing it. It's like they're they're they're pushing there, 0:09:57.440 --> 0:10:00.360 they're postponing this kind of goal, but they're just making 0:10:00.400 --> 0:10:05.200 it a prospect. But back to coal. So, the Glasgow 0:10:05.240 --> 0:10:07.880 Climate Pact was the first ever climate deal to explicitly 0:10:08.040 --> 0:10:11.400 planned to reduce coal, which was a one one of 0:10:11.400 --> 0:10:16.400 the worst, like fossil fuels for four greenhouse gasses UM 0:10:16.480 --> 0:10:19.280 and and and coal really can be phased out. Coal 0:10:19.360 --> 0:10:22.720 can be phased out by um electric power really easily. 0:10:22.760 --> 0:10:26.439 It's it's it is the easiest one. UM. It's it's 0:10:26.480 --> 0:10:28.600 it's it's way easier to phase out cold than it is, 0:10:29.240 --> 0:10:33.960 uh natural gas or other um or sorry, let's see 0:10:35.000 --> 0:10:38.120 the the the other main one. There's three. There's a coal, 0:10:38.320 --> 0:10:45.000 natural gas, what's what's the last one? Regular gas? I 0:10:45.040 --> 0:10:48.760 guess so yeah, yeah, petroleum based stuff. UM yeah, But 0:10:48.800 --> 0:10:52.600 so the coals because coal is you mostly used for heat, um, 0:10:52.640 --> 0:10:56.640 electrically generated heat is way is way easier than all 0:10:56.800 --> 0:10:59.480 than those other two. So coal coal really should be 0:10:59.480 --> 0:11:02.760 phased out as soon as possible. UM. But the commitments 0:11:02.760 --> 0:11:06.400 to phase out coal that was introduced in earlier negotiations 0:11:07.040 --> 0:11:10.760 UM led to some fighting, specifically among India and China, 0:11:10.840 --> 0:11:15.120 who were in in strong opposition to the phrasing and 0:11:15.840 --> 0:11:21.240 the actual constraints of of the deal UM. And a 0:11:21.280 --> 0:11:24.000 lot of this is like the argument that like, if 0:11:24.040 --> 0:11:26.840 these countries are still developing, it's not fair to them 0:11:27.160 --> 0:11:30.520 to remove this resource when other developed nations had it, 0:11:30.679 --> 0:11:32.079 so that that that's that's the thing. We see that 0:11:32.160 --> 0:11:34.960 argument a lot around, like climate change stuff is like, oh, 0:11:35.080 --> 0:11:37.960 you you're just gonna stop other countries from developing because 0:11:38.360 --> 0:11:40.839 you you you got to get to this certain point 0:11:41.040 --> 0:11:45.480 of being a successful like wealthy nation um. And like 0:11:45.520 --> 0:11:48.719 you know with all this like an industrial development on 0:11:48.800 --> 0:11:51.800 the back of fossil fuels and stuff. But then now 0:11:51.840 --> 0:11:54.079 you're going to remove that opportunity for other countries. Now 0:11:54.080 --> 0:11:56.760 there is there is UM a lot of stuff around 0:11:56.760 --> 0:12:00.000 like the growth frameworks that address this issue and specific 0:12:00.040 --> 0:12:04.360 fickly try to try to get um fossil fuel savings 0:12:04.400 --> 0:12:07.760 like a decrease in emissions and be able to use 0:12:07.960 --> 0:12:11.360 some of those gains to assist countries in getting stuff 0:12:11.480 --> 0:12:14.240 set up to a decent standard of living UM. But 0:12:14.320 --> 0:12:16.360 you know that that is going to be addressed on 0:12:16.360 --> 0:12:19.320 a whole other scale around like capitalism and and how 0:12:19.400 --> 0:12:22.360 countries intervened in other countries. That that's part of a 0:12:22.400 --> 0:12:26.040 bigger political question but anyway, um, Indian China did not 0:12:26.120 --> 0:12:28.320 like that, did not like the coal deal. Um. So 0:12:28.480 --> 0:12:32.520 in the end, the countries did agree to phase down 0:12:32.840 --> 0:12:36.080 coal rather than phase out coal. So that that that 0:12:36.240 --> 0:12:41.080 is the phrase that they ended up using is phase down. Um. 0:12:41.160 --> 0:12:45.679 The people weren't super happy about this. Uh. The Cutty 0:12:45.720 --> 0:12:49.439 six president um Alec Sharma said that he was deeply 0:12:49.520 --> 0:12:53.400 sorry for how these events unfolded. And like focus on 0:12:53.440 --> 0:12:56.959 calls good. It's it's responsible for about of annual CEO 0:12:56.960 --> 0:13:01.319 two emissions. But also like just focusing on cole leaves 0:13:01.679 --> 0:13:05.000 of really big lack of discussion on oil and gas 0:13:05.000 --> 0:13:07.760 like there's like those are also like very bad and 0:13:08.200 --> 0:13:10.240 arguably we should be focusing on those a lot like 0:13:10.480 --> 0:13:12.960 those are those are the main ones we should get 0:13:12.960 --> 0:13:14.280 We should get rid of coal, yes, but if we 0:13:14.360 --> 0:13:17.320 just focus on that, then there's a lot of other 0:13:17.440 --> 0:13:20.840 stuff going on. So that is that is a lot 0:13:20.880 --> 0:13:25.880 of coal talk. Uh, you know who also uses coal. 0:13:28.320 --> 0:13:34.480 Our sponsors, we're entirely sponsored by Joe Manchin um big 0:13:34.520 --> 0:13:37.560 friend of the pod. Thank you, thank you for always 0:13:37.600 --> 0:13:51.080 having our back. Joe. Anyway, here's the ads and we 0:13:51.160 --> 0:13:55.400 are back talking about copy and there is there's a 0:13:55.440 --> 0:13:58.599 decent and there's stuff. Stuff did happen. So and I 0:13:58.720 --> 0:14:00.760 know it is going to be more of a sign 0:14:00.840 --> 0:14:04.000 C in numbers episode, but it is worth actually figuring 0:14:04.000 --> 0:14:07.679 out what what happened there because everyone just kind of 0:14:08.000 --> 0:14:10.640 had the perception like, oh, copy was a failure, because 0:14:10.720 --> 0:14:12.960 yeah it was, um, but it's it's it is good 0:14:12.960 --> 0:14:15.720 to know what actually is going on at things like 0:14:15.760 --> 0:14:18.880 this because if we're gonna get some kind of you know, 0:14:19.760 --> 0:14:22.400 liberal change, this is where it's going to happen. So 0:14:22.480 --> 0:14:24.120 it is good to keep an eye on what these 0:14:24.120 --> 0:14:27.720 types of people are thinking. So we we left off 0:14:27.840 --> 0:14:31.160 on talking about how their plans to phase down coal, 0:14:31.560 --> 0:14:33.560 and there was like a general lack of focus on 0:14:33.600 --> 0:14:36.720 oil and gas. And it is interesting, um if you 0:14:37.640 --> 0:14:44.200 So there was uh a group of activists led by 0:14:44.240 --> 0:14:47.040 this UH I think I think it's like an NGO 0:14:47.360 --> 0:14:52.600 called Global Witness. UM assessed the participant list published by 0:14:52.640 --> 0:14:55.280 the u N at the start of the meeting and 0:14:55.320 --> 0:14:58.520 they found that there was five hundred three people with 0:14:58.560 --> 0:15:02.600 links to fossil fuel interests who were like accredited members 0:15:02.680 --> 0:15:07.160 of the Climate Summit and so and they were like delicates. 0:15:07.280 --> 0:15:11.320 So COP twenty six delegates associated with fossil fuels outnumbered 0:15:11.440 --> 0:15:15.120 national delegate numbers for every other country, So there were 0:15:15.120 --> 0:15:19.440 more people representing fossil fuel interests than there were representing 0:15:19.440 --> 0:15:25.880 any individual country. So you're thinking, maybe maybe I wonder 0:15:25.920 --> 0:15:29.000 why this stuff is not going too good. Oh, it's 0:15:29.000 --> 0:15:33.440 because it's being run mostly by fossil fuel companies. That's 0:15:33.480 --> 0:15:37.640 that's uh huh. That's an interesting, interesting little thing there. 0:15:38.240 --> 0:15:42.400 Um yeah. So the the other the other kind of 0:15:42.400 --> 0:15:47.040 notable thing about copy is uh it uh it. It 0:15:47.160 --> 0:15:50.840 led to a quote unquote breakthrough in the rules for 0:15:51.160 --> 0:15:55.240 government led carbon markets. So this is the thing that 0:15:55.320 --> 0:15:58.960 the neoliberals are really excited about, is this idea of 0:15:59.000 --> 0:16:02.600 carbon markets, because it's a way to make more money 0:16:02.720 --> 0:16:06.440 kind of off of removing carbon and just to create 0:16:06.480 --> 0:16:09.920 a lot of red tape and bureaucracy around this idea 0:16:10.120 --> 0:16:13.080 of lowering emissions. So I guess one of the ways 0:16:13.080 --> 0:16:15.560 to describe carbon markets if you're kind of unfamiliar with 0:16:15.600 --> 0:16:21.360 this idea, is that countries that do not meet their 0:16:21.400 --> 0:16:26.160 emission reduction targets in their national climate pledges are like 0:16:26.760 --> 0:16:31.840 penalized for this. Um. So, so countries that countries that 0:16:31.880 --> 0:16:34.520 don't meet their emission targets or or want to just 0:16:34.600 --> 0:16:39.920 pursue like less, less expansive emission cuts. What what what 0:16:40.040 --> 0:16:43.560 this deal set out to do is that instead of 0:16:43.600 --> 0:16:49.680 actually lowering emissions, they can purchase like emissions reduction tokens 0:16:49.720 --> 0:16:53.240 and credits from other nations that have cut their emissions 0:16:53.360 --> 0:16:56.480 more than the amount that they pledged. Uh so, like 0:16:56.600 --> 0:16:59.920 by you know, moving to low carbon energy and various stuff. 0:17:00.320 --> 0:17:03.320 So the turn of phrase that people were using to 0:17:03.480 --> 0:17:07.000 discuss this to how you can like purchase purchase credits 0:17:07.040 --> 0:17:09.840 to represent emissions that you didn't cut but wanted to, 0:17:10.400 --> 0:17:14.119 is that this can potentially unlock trillions of dollars for 0:17:14.200 --> 0:17:19.040 protecting forests, expending renewable energy, and other projects to combat 0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:23.199 climate change. Um So, the idea here is that the 0:17:23.240 --> 0:17:25.960 money used to purchase these credits is going to get 0:17:26.880 --> 0:17:31.160 put into other things that will help fight climate change. 0:17:31.680 --> 0:17:35.199 But all of this is non binding and speculative, and 0:17:35.240 --> 0:17:40.360 it just furthers this whole carbon market concept, which I'm 0:17:40.359 --> 0:17:42.920 not thrilled about. Um yeah, we should, we should do 0:17:42.960 --> 0:17:46.560 like a full episode of carbon markets. But the thing, 0:17:46.720 --> 0:17:49.159 so I I I this is, you know, this is 0:17:49.160 --> 0:17:52.880 the thing I studied academically in college and is incredibly 0:17:52.880 --> 0:17:55.080 important for everyone to understand that carbon markets are fake 0:17:55.119 --> 0:17:59.520 and do not work at all. Ever, no one's gotten 0:17:59.520 --> 0:18:01.080 a national into work, and no one's ever gott an 0:18:01.119 --> 0:18:05.120 international one to work. Uh, implementation of carbon markets, Like 0:18:05.240 --> 0:18:07.560 China had a big thing that they're gonna implemented carbon market. 0:18:07.760 --> 0:18:10.560 Uh it was fake. It didn't work. Their carbon emission 0:18:10.600 --> 0:18:15.280 still increase, very very like how fucky carbon markets can be. 0:18:15.520 --> 0:18:18.359 So you get carbon credits if you're a business like 0:18:18.440 --> 0:18:23.679 Tesla that makes no emission electronic vehicles, and Tesla for 0:18:23.920 --> 0:18:26.359 a lot of its earlier history, made a significant chunk 0:18:26.359 --> 0:18:29.919 of its profits selling carbon credits to polluting industries and 0:18:30.040 --> 0:18:33.040 basically saying, you guys keep polluting, we got your back. 0:18:33.160 --> 0:18:35.920 Like the fact that we're putting electric cars out onto 0:18:35.960 --> 0:18:38.199 the street means you guys can keep admitting at the 0:18:38.200 --> 0:18:42.080 same Well, like that's that's like literally how how kind 0:18:42.119 --> 0:18:46.160 of the business can work. It's it's not the best 0:18:46.200 --> 0:18:49.600 way to fix the problem. Yeah, So there was a 0:18:49.640 --> 0:18:52.720 lot of a lot of talk was around carbon markets. Um, 0:18:52.760 --> 0:18:56.680 because that's of course with the neil liberal establishment, neo 0:18:56.720 --> 0:19:00.320 liberal englishment is going to focus on because is it. 0:19:00.320 --> 0:19:03.239 It still is within their kind of worldview. Um, how 0:19:03.240 --> 0:19:05.880 do we monetize the rot? Yeah, how do we how 0:19:05.880 --> 0:19:09.400 do we make money off of the world ending? Um? 0:19:09.480 --> 0:19:11.119 Which I guess we're going to see a lot more 0:19:11.160 --> 0:19:15.280 of that uh in the next in the next few decades. Um. 0:19:15.359 --> 0:19:18.120 The the other the other thing that they decided on is, uh, 0:19:18.359 --> 0:19:20.720 next year there's gonna there's gonna be again. So there's 0:19:20.760 --> 0:19:24.399 there's They decided to procrastinate, which is just a general 0:19:24.440 --> 0:19:29.080 theme of COP conferences. We've been doing. It's what everyone's 0:19:29.119 --> 0:19:32.040 been doing about plimate change since forever. So yeah, the 0:19:32.320 --> 0:19:35.840 main thing they do is decide to procrastinate. Um. So 0:19:36.240 --> 0:19:39.119 next year there's gonna be a U N committee to 0:19:39.280 --> 0:19:43.560 report on progress towards delivering one billion dollar per year 0:19:44.119 --> 0:19:47.680 in a promised climate funding. Uh. This was after rich 0:19:47.760 --> 0:19:51.240 nations failed to deliver on the deadline four said funds 0:19:51.880 --> 0:19:54.359 um and then financing is gonna be discussed again in 0:19:54.320 --> 0:19:58.879 twenty four six at those conferences. Um. But this this 0:19:58.960 --> 0:20:02.159 deal left a lot of more vulnerable nations who were 0:20:02.200 --> 0:20:06.160 going to rely on this promised funding. Uh kind of 0:20:06.480 --> 0:20:09.320 just they just left them without things. So the whole 0:20:09.320 --> 0:20:12.159 idea was that like Yeah, we need this funding to 0:20:12.240 --> 0:20:16.200 help people in these disasters and different losses and damages, 0:20:16.560 --> 0:20:20.359 and to help, you know, start start making more um 0:20:20.520 --> 0:20:24.720 renewable energy technology in lieu of doing tons of tons 0:20:24.800 --> 0:20:26.760 of coal mining. And that's where this money was going 0:20:26.800 --> 0:20:30.800 to get used for, and it's not happening. Um so 0:20:31.920 --> 0:20:36.600 and this, this promise was initially made at a UN 0:20:37.359 --> 0:20:41.720 conference on climate change and we're still we're still pushing 0:20:41.760 --> 0:20:45.680 it back year by year. So this pledge is older 0:20:45.720 --> 0:20:49.919 than I am. Yeah, it sure is. Another pledgement too, 0:20:49.960 --> 0:20:52.879 as a nine to provide a hundred billion dollars to 0:20:53.080 --> 0:20:57.439 emerging economies was supposed to be made. That also was missed. 0:20:57.880 --> 0:20:59.800 Um and it was It was designed to help nations 0:21:00.080 --> 0:21:02.560 adapt to climate effects and make the transition to clean energy. 0:21:03.160 --> 0:21:07.520 Um and uh. The copp six president said that around 0:21:07.600 --> 0:21:14.680 five billion will be mobilized by so cool. Thanks for 0:21:14.760 --> 0:21:18.240 saying those numbers, which mean nothing. It's fun. It's fun 0:21:18.240 --> 0:21:20.159 how you can just talk and say things and it 0:21:20.200 --> 0:21:23.280 doesn't actually matter. It's It's one of the things that's 0:21:23.280 --> 0:21:25.439 so frustrating about this is trying to get a handle 0:21:25.480 --> 0:21:29.520 on like how how a lot of these solutions are 0:21:29.560 --> 0:21:31.600 supposed to work so like one of the articles if 0:21:31.640 --> 0:21:34.159 you're trying to actually if you're not just taking our 0:21:34.200 --> 0:21:36.000 word for it, which you never should, and trying to 0:21:36.040 --> 0:21:39.560 research like carbon credits and carbon markets and like how 0:21:39.600 --> 0:21:42.280 they might work or might help. Like one of the 0:21:42.320 --> 0:21:44.960 articles you're going to come across is an article in 0:21:45.080 --> 0:21:48.200 Nature dot org called making Carbon Markets Work for Faster 0:21:48.280 --> 0:21:51.560 Climate Action. And this is very much obviously from so 0:21:51.560 --> 0:21:53.680 it's pretty it's pretty recent, and it's not at all 0:21:54.000 --> 0:21:56.560 a climate denial piece. It's it's just kind of laying 0:21:56.600 --> 0:21:59.480 out a case for how carbon markets could be very 0:21:59.520 --> 0:22:04.040 effective of at reducing emissions. But you have to grapple 0:22:04.080 --> 0:22:05.480 the whole time you're looking at this with the fact 0:22:05.560 --> 0:22:10.960 that like they they haven't that that global global emissions 0:22:11.000 --> 0:22:13.239 are still shoo and they provide a number of like 0:22:14.520 --> 0:22:17.240 options for how this could work. And it's one of 0:22:17.240 --> 0:22:20.160 those things where I'm not gonna say it's impossible. I'm 0:22:20.160 --> 0:22:22.120 certainly not an expert on this, and you can read 0:22:22.119 --> 0:22:25.920 through the article um if you want, but it's it's 0:22:25.960 --> 0:22:28.960 certainly certainly think the thing you can say right now 0:22:29.119 --> 0:22:31.760 is that carbon markets have not led to a global 0:22:31.840 --> 0:22:35.280 decrease in emissions because we we have not had emissions 0:22:35.280 --> 0:22:37.480 decrease other than that little dip we had when a 0:22:37.520 --> 0:22:42.359 covid uh did it's it's sweet little dance. Yeah, that 0:22:42.560 --> 0:22:46.199 one month where we could actually see the sky again. Yeah, 0:22:46.280 --> 0:22:49.760 that was pretty rad um. But yeah, there's there's I mean, 0:22:49.840 --> 0:22:51.520 you you can check that article out for kind of 0:22:51.560 --> 0:22:55.080 the pro carbon markets case. It all seems I mean, 0:22:55.080 --> 0:22:57.119 one of the things that's frustrating to me about it 0:22:57.160 --> 0:23:01.240 is it all it's all like, yeah, uh, here's how 0:23:01.359 --> 0:23:04.240 it might work if you know, everybody got on board 0:23:04.359 --> 0:23:07.840 the Paris Climate Agreement and also all of this worked ideally, 0:23:08.520 --> 0:23:10.360 But there's there just doesn't seem to be a lot 0:23:10.400 --> 0:23:14.520 of I I just don't see any evidence that like 0:23:14.680 --> 0:23:18.639 they've shown that this is actually likely to be helpful. Um. 0:23:18.640 --> 0:23:21.240 It's more just like yeah, this, this could this could 0:23:21.240 --> 0:23:25.359 work if if we do these other things, um, which 0:23:25.400 --> 0:23:27.320 is frustrating. That's like all all of the kind of 0:23:27.359 --> 0:23:29.480 ship that you get at at at COP twenty six 0:23:29.520 --> 0:23:32.200 where it's like, yeah, I guess theoretically, if you were 0:23:32.200 --> 0:23:33.919 to do that, or if that were to work the 0:23:33.920 --> 0:23:35.600 way you're saying, or if that were to work with 0:23:35.600 --> 0:23:38.880 the assumption that like all these other factors don't grow 0:23:38.920 --> 0:23:41.840 over this period of time than than this might help. 0:23:41.960 --> 0:23:46.800 But we also know what's happened with emissions and global 0:23:46.840 --> 0:23:50.159 attempts to reduce climate change um which is not to 0:23:50.200 --> 0:23:54.000 say that like like emissions in the United States, like 0:23:54.040 --> 0:23:55.680 there have been there's been a lot that's been done 0:23:55.680 --> 0:23:58.440 to curb emissions from the United States. Now, the thing 0:23:58.480 --> 0:24:00.359 that's often left out of like the discuss should have 0:24:00.680 --> 0:24:03.800 these different things and how they impacted our emissions is like, well, 0:24:03.840 --> 0:24:06.120