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Speaker 1: Welcome to stuff you should know from house stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark,

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Speaker 1: There's Charles w Chuck Bryant, and Jerry's over there. I

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Speaker 1: didn't even have to look why, I just knew, yes,

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Speaker 1: and dudes and do debts. We are in our new studio. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: can you tell? Does its sound different? It's the very

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Speaker 1: first one and um it's tiny. Wait what do you mean?

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Speaker 1: It's the very first one, very very first podcast we

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Speaker 1: recorded in here. Yeah, I was gonna say, I said tiny,

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Speaker 1: but it's not tiny. It's cozy. But it is our

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Speaker 1: all ours, Yeah, how ours. Everybody else at house Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works doesn't really know that yet, but they will. Uh yeah,

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Speaker 1: because when we actually have butt detection and when someone

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Speaker 1: sits down these seats that aren't LSD to get a

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Speaker 1: shock and plus an alarm goes off at our desks,

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Speaker 1: what's called d M R T M. I how are you, sir?

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Speaker 1: I'm pretty good. I feel like this is fancy. This

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Speaker 1: is our first real like studio. That's not true, not no,

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Speaker 1: I'm trying to remember the last one was no. But

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Speaker 1: it's not a utility closet. It's not a lactation room.

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Speaker 1: It's not Yeah, it's not a murder room. It's not

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Speaker 1: like an office with like desk for like office furniture. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's a it's a studio that was built out for

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Speaker 1: the specific purpose of recording podcasts. All we have to

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Speaker 1: do is put up our Aaron Cooper originals. The artwork,

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Speaker 1: got a couple of those waiting, and we gotta work

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Speaker 1: on the lighting in here a little bit. Yeah, Jerius,

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Speaker 1: it's such gonna hang some china balls for us. Yes,

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Speaker 1: you keep pushing the china balls. Um so, anyway, enough

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Speaker 1: about that. We just wanted to say we're super excited

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Speaker 1: to be in our new office, in our new studio.

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Speaker 1: It does feel good. Kudos for that intro. I'm not

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Speaker 1: gonna say that. I knew you were going to say that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I was going to say that too. I knew that

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Speaker 1: you were thinking of saying that. Chuck. Yes, uh ESP.

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Speaker 1: Do you believe in ESP? No? No, not at all.

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Speaker 1: What do you think it is? Because surely, I mean

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Speaker 1: just about anyone could agree that humans have some sort

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Speaker 1: of ability somehow to make good guesses or to the future,

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Speaker 1: whatever you want to call it. Do you agree or

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Speaker 1: do you think it's strictly just us selectively paying attention

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Speaker 1: to random instances over others. I think it's that. And yeah,

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Speaker 1: and as we'll talk about, I think it's the just

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Speaker 1: the nature of coincidence is going to happen because so

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Speaker 1: many things happen every day, Uh, that something is bound

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Speaker 1: to seem like something you dreamed about the night before

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Speaker 1: at some point in your life. Yeah. But the other

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Speaker 1: millions of dreams you have that, don't I think those

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Speaker 1: are the ones that are the the tell you know,

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Speaker 1: do you? I don't know, like I want to. I

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Speaker 1: spent so many years of my life believing and stuff

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Speaker 1: like that and wanting to go to to Duke University

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Speaker 1: to study at their paras psychology department believe. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: but you know, believing in ghosts and all this and

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Speaker 1: just that's how I spent my childhood just reading about

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Speaker 1: stuff like that voraciously. So Ghostbusters really did a number

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Speaker 1: on you. Yeah. Yeah. When that came along, I was like,

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Speaker 1: this was made for me. Um. But as an adult,

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Speaker 1: it's not so much that I believe in the esp

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Speaker 1: it's more that I UM, I refused to just utterly

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Speaker 1: disbelieve in the possibility of it. Okay, you know what

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Speaker 1: I mean. Yeah, I got you there, because we don't

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Speaker 1: know everything about everything yet, right, but uh yeah, I'm

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Speaker 1: in the I'm the other camp. And I'm not even

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Speaker 1: say the skeptic camp because there's people just plug me

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Speaker 1: bad name some due to some bad apples. Not all skeptics,

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Speaker 1: but there are some that are horses asses. Can we

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Speaker 1: say that? I don't know, we'll find out. Um, All right,

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Speaker 1: well let's talk about And I thought this was interesting

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Speaker 1: because I never knew that uh ESP is just a

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Speaker 1: big collective term for all manner of uh paranormal paranormal phenomena,

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Speaker 1: which you could also call SI. Yeah, and so dude

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Speaker 1: named jb Ryan, who will talk about later, he coined

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Speaker 1: ESP the granddaddy. And then in the forties another guy

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Speaker 1: coined the term sigh and sigh is the Greek letter

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Speaker 1: and it's equated with psyche or the soul. And the

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Speaker 1: reason that the guy chose SI is because he felt

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Speaker 1: ESP suggested it was something supernatural, and SI, he felt,

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Speaker 1: suggested that this is a normal part of humanity we

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Speaker 1: just don't understand and it's it sounds like science, right, Um.

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Speaker 1: But there are several categories of ESP UM and this

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Speaker 1: is the one. I never knew the actual definitions for these.

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Speaker 1: I sort of just threw them all in a bag together.

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Speaker 1: You have telepathy, and that's when you can you know,

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Speaker 1: you're over there reading my thoughts. Yes, like Chuck is

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Speaker 1: really not happy to be in the new studio. That's

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Speaker 1: not true. He'd rather be at home on the couch.

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Speaker 1: I'm reading your thoughts right now, and I know that

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Speaker 1: you like this place. Okay, Well, you're you're a telepath. Uh. Clairvoyance,

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Speaker 1: which is the ability to see events or things objects

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Speaker 1: happening somewhere else at the same time. So are you

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Speaker 1: doing Are you a clairvoyant? I am. I'm seeing your

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Speaker 1: couch right now, and I'm saying it's not that comfy. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so you're not missing that much at the moment. I

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Speaker 1: know somewhere Jonathan Strickland is waxing his head, bald head.

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Speaker 1: That's just the logical assumption. Uh. Then we have our

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Speaker 1: precogs precognition. That's when you see into the future. Retrocogs

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Speaker 1: retro cognition. You can see into the distant past. That's

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Speaker 1: there's another um that's a widely accepted definition of retrocognition,

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Speaker 1: like seeing you know a cave like took took running

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Speaker 1: around with the dinosaurs like you do, which I guess

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Speaker 1: never would have happened. Um. But there's another term for retrocognition,

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Speaker 1: whereas something in the future affects something in the past.

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Speaker 1: So a decision you make in the future affects your past.

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Speaker 1: And an example given is that, um, you have a

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Speaker 1: dream about a dinosaur. Now, let's a spotted dog, and

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Speaker 1: then the first thing the next morning, you go outside

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Speaker 1: to water your lawn and the same spotted dog or

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Speaker 1: a similar spotted dog walks by. The idea isn't that

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Speaker 1: that was very coincidental or that you had esp and

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Speaker 1: your dreams, but that you seeing that dog in the

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Speaker 1: morning affected your dream the night before. So that's another

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Speaker 1: definition that's emerging for retrocognition. That's getting a lot of

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Speaker 1: traction because of the stuff we're finding on the quantum scale,

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Speaker 1: just weirdness like that. All right, Then you have your

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Speaker 1: mediumship and that's um ms Cleo who can channel dead

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Speaker 1: spirits forgot about her? And then you have how much

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Speaker 1: money that woman grossed in the nineties. She made a

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Speaker 1: lot of though I hope so yeah, I mean, she

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Speaker 1: was working hard, she had a finite window of opportunity,

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Speaker 1: and she worked that whole time. She didn't like buy

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Speaker 1: a sailboat and sail around the world after like a

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Speaker 1: first million. You know, like she worked. So you're not

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Speaker 1: in the camp of like she's taking people's money and

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Speaker 1: taking advantage of people. I see that argument, sure, for sure.

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Speaker 1: I also see like if people want to spend their

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Speaker 1: money on that and they get something out of it,

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Speaker 1: knock yourself out. Uh. And then you have a psychometry,

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Speaker 1: which is the ability to read info about a person place,

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Speaker 1: uh by touching the person object. And that's what I

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Speaker 1: like to call the dead zone. Christopher Walking, he would

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Speaker 1: place his hands on you and he would see something. Man.

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Speaker 1: I think we talked about it recently about how that

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Speaker 1: movie holds up. Still. Yeah, it's such a good movie. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it really is good. Chris Walking. There's another one, Chuck

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Speaker 1: Um called telekinesis, which is like Uri Geller stroking a

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Speaker 1: spoon and it bending right, like being able to manipulate

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Speaker 1: matter just using a light touch or your mind, but

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Speaker 1: there is no spoon. Yeah. Yeah, it wasn't that from

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Speaker 1: matrix Um. All right, So basically, uh, like you said,

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Speaker 1: J b Ryan is the the granddaddy of all this,

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Speaker 1: and he actually started studying. I mean, he was a

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Speaker 1: legitimate scientist, he wasn't some quack. And uh, this was

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Speaker 1: in the nineteen thirties where he started at Duke University

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Speaker 1: studying para para psychology basically. And he wasn't the first.

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Speaker 1: He was one of the first UM laboratory experimenters in

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Speaker 1: academia to really study SI. Right before him, probably about

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Speaker 1: forty or so years before him, William James and some

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Speaker 1: of his pals at the Society for Psychical Research UM

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Speaker 1: really laid the groundwork for applying the scientific method to

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Speaker 1: the study of paranormal phenomenon. And they did two things.

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Speaker 1: They outed frauds, like fraudulent mediums, like very famously Madame Blevartsky.

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Speaker 1: But then they also investigated ones like they approached them

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Speaker 1: typically with like an open mind UM, and if they

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Speaker 1: found somebody that they just couldn't explain, they would they

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Speaker 1: studied them. So they were they were studying each one

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Speaker 1: with an open mind. And the ones they figured out

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Speaker 1: where frauds they outed as frauds. The ones they figured

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Speaker 1: out couldn't quite explain, they sought to investigate scientifically rather

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Speaker 1: than just saying, oh, they're frauds somehow. So that was

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Speaker 1: the groundwork of the study of sigh. What was Madame

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Speaker 1: Blevartsky Steel of the Cony Allen She was she actually

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Speaker 1: she was almost a cult leader. You could argue she

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Speaker 1: was she um. She created um. Oh man, it's called

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Speaker 1: like theodism, I think, which is um. It was. It

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Speaker 1: was almost a cult. It was a huge um movement

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Speaker 1: in the nineteenth century where like you go to like

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Speaker 1: a seance and there was a medium there and they

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Speaker 1: would channel like the spirits of the dead, relatives of

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Speaker 1: people who were they're holding hands in the circle and

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Speaker 1: stuff like that. And she gained a lot of power

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Speaker 1: and wealth and prestige until she was outed as as

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Speaker 1: a fraud. And I don't remember the the it's theosophy,

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Speaker 1: that's what it is. Not to see theo is m.

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Speaker 1: Theo ism has to do with theo Huxtable. Uh did

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Speaker 1: you see The Source Family, by the way, that documentary. No,

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Speaker 1: I haven't about the l a cult in the seventies.

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Speaker 1: I saw the the Icon on Netflix and never clicked

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Speaker 1: as a good it's really good and it's it's it's awesome. Actually,

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Speaker 1: I recommend everyone it's one of those where like they

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Speaker 1: interview a lot of them today and they weren't like,

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Speaker 1: you know, they didn't commit suicide. Like everyone was like

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Speaker 1: it was pretty great. Oh yeah, yeah, they're all fine.

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Speaker 1: They're all just a bunch of hippies. Still. They were

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Speaker 1: out in l A. Yeah, yeah, right in Hollywood. There

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Speaker 1: was one and um, there was a documentary I saw

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Speaker 1: about a cult in Miami and they were like super

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Speaker 1: fundamentalist Christian but they also were um the basis of

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Speaker 1: their religion was was formed on pot too. Well that's

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Speaker 1: what the Source family was. I wonder if they were related. Well,

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Speaker 1: it was the seventies. Yeah, there were a lot of

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Speaker 1: pot cults, I bet. But did they turn into like

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Speaker 1: huge pot dealers. No, I don't think so. This cult

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Speaker 1: they had a band though, and the called the Source.

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Speaker 1: You know, I can't remember the name of the band,

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Speaker 1: but it's pretty interesting to transfer that. It's a really

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Speaker 1: good documentary. That was just funny to see all these people.

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Speaker 1: Now they're like it was awesome. Yeah. I had a

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Speaker 1: lot of sex and smoked a lot of weed. That's

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Speaker 1: kind of what they These guys didn't seem to have

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Speaker 1: a lot of sex though they were like real, like um,

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Speaker 1: compartmentalized gender wise and like male dominance and all that.

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Speaker 1: But they just smoked a ton of pot all the time,

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Speaker 1: including their little kids. Well that's not like like four

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Speaker 1: year old smoke. That's terrible. Yeah. There it was in

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Speaker 1: the documentaries we're seeing. I don't remember what you had

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Speaker 1: me up? You lost me there. I lost everybody there

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Speaker 1: in that documentary. Yeah. Um, all right, So back to

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Speaker 1: this ESP thing, um, jb Ryan, Yeah, jb Ryan. Well,

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Speaker 1: basically there's a there's a lot of different outlooks on

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Speaker 1: what ESP might be. Um, some people think that everyone's

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Speaker 1: got it, but some people, um, it just pops up

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Speaker 1: every now and then, um, like I might have a

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Speaker 1: dream that comes true or whatever. Other people think that

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Speaker 1: only certain people have it, have the the gift as

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Speaker 1: they say, uh, and that they have to be in

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Speaker 1: this special like you know, mental state to access at

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Speaker 1: the shinnon the shitting. And then other folks say that

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Speaker 1: everyone has that potential, but um, some people are just

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Speaker 1: like in tune with it and some people aren't. And

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Speaker 1: you follow in none of those three camps. Um, So

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Speaker 1: we'll talk a little more about some ideas of what

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Speaker 1: ESP is right after this so Chuck, Um, you said

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Speaker 1: that basically how people see ESP is either everyone has it,

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Speaker 1: some people have it, or no one has it. Basically, Uh,

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Speaker 1: whether you're a skeptic or a believer. Um, if you

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Speaker 1: are a believer in ESP and somebody comes to you

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Speaker 1: and says, okay, explain ESP like it is it. There's

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Speaker 1: actually a couple of very common suggestions or proposals. One

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Speaker 1: made sense for a while before we knew a little

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Speaker 1: more about the brain. Um, and that was that EESP

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Speaker 1: was some form or fashion of the electromagnetic spectrum that

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Speaker 1: we were receiving information from outside of our usual senses. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And like you said, it fell out of favor because, um,

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Speaker 1: basically it didn't explain anything about how it moves through

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Speaker 1: time or there. It didn't pick up on special some

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Speaker 1: special part of your brain that like receives this message.

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Speaker 1: And there was a UM did you see that study

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Speaker 1: I sent you? That was I think from two ten

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Speaker 1: where they put people in an MRI I and then

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Speaker 1: showed them, um, different pictures or whatever. H And they

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Speaker 1: did they showed like they I put you in the

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Speaker 1: wonder machine and now I'm showing you a picture of

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Speaker 1: flower and that's it. It's lovely, except that it sounds

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Speaker 1: like a German rave. Okay, a little bit um, but

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Speaker 1: that would be uh. The non ESP stimuli the control

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Speaker 1: group to test ESP and to see if the brain

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Speaker 1: reacted differently, and then to see if there was a

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Speaker 1: part of the brain that's picking up on ESP. I

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Speaker 1: would show you the flower, and then in the other room,

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Speaker 1: I would also show Emily that flower. They think about

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Speaker 1: it and send you the thought of that flower, So

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Speaker 1: you're getting ESP stimuli and then non e SP stimuli.

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Speaker 1: And from the m R I they showed that the

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Speaker 1: brain didn't react differently, So it suggests that there isn't

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Speaker 1: a sensory organ or region of the brain that's responsible

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Speaker 1: for picking up ESP, which doesn't debunk the possibility of ESP.

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Speaker 1: It just undermines the idea that there's a region of

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Speaker 1: our brain that would be responsible for picking that up.

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Speaker 1: Plus of Emily's over there, I'm my first guess is

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Speaker 1: gonna be dog every time I'm in its flower And

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Speaker 1: this well, it wasn't about guessing. It was just to see,

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Speaker 1: like showing you ES the e SP version and then

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Speaker 1: the non e SP version of the same thing, so

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Speaker 1: you weren't guessing do you understand. Yeah, I get to know.

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Speaker 1: I would have guessed dog or wine. There wasn't guessing.

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Speaker 1: That's the way I guessed. Family thinks she has a

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Speaker 1: gift a little bit, so she would have been disappointed.

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Speaker 1: She s, yeah, a little, she thinks. But I think

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Speaker 1: she's just super observant and intuitive. But that's definitely one

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Speaker 1: explanation for it, which we'll get too, of course. Um.

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Speaker 1: So these days there are other theories, one of which

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Speaker 1: is that, uh, it's called spill over, that there's basically

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Speaker 1: another dimension that we that doesn't you know, have our

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Speaker 1: laws here and are dimension and that sometimes stuff just

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Speaker 1: sort of spills over from that and we see the

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Speaker 1: future of the past. And if you're a skeptic, you

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Speaker 1: probably just pulled the decent sized clump of your hair

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Speaker 1: out of the side of your head at that point. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: because this is something you can't prove obviously, it's like

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Speaker 1: completely um And of course they'll say it exactly yeah,

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Speaker 1: you know. Yeah, And I think I got the impression

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Speaker 1: from this article that, um, they were making that point

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Speaker 1: like science is just chasing its tail and trying to

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Speaker 1: explain esp because it's not currently capable, and science goes

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Speaker 1: it doesn't work like that, you know, um, at least

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Speaker 1: with the electromagnetic spectrum explanation, it was pointing to something

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Speaker 1: that we already know exists, right, It's just that there

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Speaker 1: there's no way to show that we would be getting

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Speaker 1: how we would be getting information from it, because the

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Speaker 1: electromagnetic explanation, it basically says if you compare it to

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Speaker 1: other findings from ESP, it makes even less sense. Because

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Speaker 1: with the ESP, one of the hallmarks of it is

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Speaker 1: that no matter whether you're out there are outside of

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Speaker 1: the studio thinking about wine or a dog or something

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Speaker 1: and I'm picking up on it, or if you're in

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Speaker 1: China and I'm here and we're doing the same thing,

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Speaker 1: that the signal doesn't weaken at all. Yeah, And that

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Speaker 1: just flies in the face of all we know about

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Speaker 1: electromagnetic rights, exactly right. So there's a lot of things

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Speaker 1: wrong with the proposals of what ESP is. Uh. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: But you know, the reason why people still believe in

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Speaker 1: this stuff is because of either hearing a story about

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Speaker 1: their friend who said, you know, listen to this crazy

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00:18:33,440 --> 00:18:37,119
Speaker 1: thing happened, or experiencing it themselves in some way or another,

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Speaker 1: having a dream that something similar happened, and all of

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Speaker 1: a sudden, you're like, I might have the gift exactly,

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Speaker 1: or it popped up in me, you know, briefly at least.

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Speaker 1: And there's a I mean, there's a lot of um

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Speaker 1: evidence of strange and unusual occurrences that support the idea

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Speaker 1: of esp um. This article gives a really good one

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Speaker 1: about UM. A book called Futility that was written by

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Speaker 1: a guy named Morgan robertson right, and in it the

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Speaker 1: guy details this book or this boat called the titan Ship.

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Speaker 1: Yeah ship, the boat, a big old boat, um, which

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Speaker 1: is sailing across the Atlantic and hits an iceberg at

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Speaker 1: night and sinks and a bunch of people die because

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Speaker 1: they weren't enough lifeboats. Yeah, this is And if that

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Speaker 1: sounds familiar, the Titanic did the same exact thing, the Titanic,

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Speaker 1: not the titan did the same exact thing fourteen years later. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: if they're there are a bunch of similarities. Um. The

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Speaker 1: titans struck an iceberg in the book on the starboard

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Speaker 1: side on an April night in the North Atlantic off

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Speaker 1: the coast of Newfoundland, and the real Titanic struck an

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Speaker 1: iceberg on the starboard side in April in the North

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Speaker 1: Atlantic off the coast of Newfoundland on the starless Night.

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Speaker 1: I don't know about that, Okay, Uh, they were both

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Speaker 1: said to be unsinkable. Um, more than half of the

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Speaker 1: passengers of the Titanic perished and more than half of

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Speaker 1: the passengers and crew on the titan perished. So there's

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Speaker 1: all these things in there. But you do a little

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Speaker 1: more digging and you find out that Robertson was he

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Speaker 1: was a seaman, and he knew a bunch of this stuff.

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Speaker 1: And it's not unreasonable to think at the time they

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Speaker 1: wanted to build the biggest ships, and the word titan

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Speaker 1: it would be a great name back then for a

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Speaker 1: super big ship. And that sailing route uh was a

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Speaker 1: common one, and there were icebergs, and April might have

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Speaker 1: been a common month for that kind of voyage. So

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Speaker 1: all of it can be explained away kind of um,

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Speaker 1: but it is definitely something you look at go oh interesting,

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Speaker 1: It is interesting, and it's amazing coincidence, and it focuses

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Speaker 1: the attention and captures the imagination. Um. But then yeah,

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Speaker 1: once you hear about Robertson's background, it becomes slightly less impressive.

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Speaker 1: So then kind of too over the years that little

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Speaker 1: Colonel got erased and added to it was that this

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Speaker 1: idea for this book came to him in a trance,

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Speaker 1: which bolsters the espy Is that true or is that

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Speaker 1: just been added? Uh, I'm sure it was added over

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Speaker 1: the years. Which is a big problem with this kind

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Speaker 1: of anecdotal evidence is that you know, it gets embellished

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Speaker 1: in that. Yeah, exactly. And uh, it's just it's not

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Speaker 1: enough that this is a really interesting, unique circumstance or

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Speaker 1: coincidence or whatever. There has to be this extra layer

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Speaker 1: of proof, like it came to him in a trance.

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Speaker 1: Come on. Yeah. Um. So back to Rhyan, he did

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Speaker 1: some um. Like I said, in the nineteen thirties, he

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Speaker 1: started studying the stuff with one of my favorite inventions,

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Speaker 1: um by his colleague Carl Zenter. Of course, if you

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Speaker 1: seen Ghostbusters he was using. He was using a version

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Speaker 1: of Zentner cards. Um. The shapes weren't all exactly. I

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Speaker 1: think there was one that was different Um and Ghostbusters,

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Speaker 1: But the original Zentner cards were was a deck of

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Speaker 1: twenty five Plaine white cards, with each of them had

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Speaker 1: one of five symbols, a circle plus sign, a square,

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Speaker 1: a star, five point star and the three wavy lines

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Speaker 1: like water a river. So what that is? Okay? And

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Speaker 1: the idea is that, just like in Ghostbusters, you hold

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Speaker 1: it up and UM asked the you know, not showing

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Speaker 1: them the card at obviously not the symbol, and say

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Speaker 1: what do you see? And they say what they see?

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Speaker 1: And then you record after the deck how many they got? Right? Right,

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Speaker 1: But the person holding the card is supposed to be

374
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Speaker 1: thinking about what they're seeing so that the other person,

375
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Speaker 1: the target, the receiver, can pick it up tele telepathically. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and I did they have these online? I took the

377
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Speaker 1: test yesterday, UM, and I went through the deck and

378
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Speaker 1: I only got six out of and at the end

379
00:22:54,359 --> 00:22:58,200
Speaker 1: it just said you are not a psychic. Really, Yeah,

380
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Speaker 1: that was kind of funny. Statistically speaking for just one trial,

381
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Speaker 1: that is more than chance. You did better than chance,

382
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Speaker 1: So maybe you do have a touch six of what

383
00:23:08,400 --> 00:23:10,320
Speaker 1: what would chance to be a chance would be if

384
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Speaker 1: there's five different ones, and so this was six of

385
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Speaker 1: twenty four would be uh no, that's not no, that's less. Yeah, No,

386
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Speaker 1: you did six of you did, so five of five

387
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Speaker 1: would be chance. Okay, so I got one more? Yeah? Well,

388
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Speaker 1: and I think like three of the first eight or

389
00:23:34,920 --> 00:23:37,960
Speaker 1: so or six I got, and I was like, I've

390
00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:40,640
Speaker 1: got the gift, right, but I didn't know, like it's

391
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Speaker 1: randomly generated, and so it's not like someone was on

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Speaker 1: the other side thinking of that card. So I literally

393
00:23:47,080 --> 00:23:48,439
Speaker 1: I was like, what do I do? I was like,

394
00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,560
Speaker 1: I'm just guessing. So that brings up some interesting stuff,

395
00:23:51,600 --> 00:23:55,960
Speaker 1: like there's there's um evidence that when a machine is

396
00:23:56,000 --> 00:24:01,600
Speaker 1: involved that there is no telepathy. There would only be clairvoyance. Right,

397
00:24:02,440 --> 00:24:05,600
Speaker 1: So I mean if if if telepathy is you picking

398
00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:09,040
Speaker 1: up what's in someone else's mind and the computer is mindless,

399
00:24:09,440 --> 00:24:12,280
Speaker 1: then you shouldn't be able what you were saying, like

400
00:24:12,359 --> 00:24:14,720
Speaker 1: you should it shouldn't You should not be able to

401
00:24:14,760 --> 00:24:17,000
Speaker 1: know what zenter card it's going to pick next. Right,

402
00:24:17,680 --> 00:24:21,920
Speaker 1: But there have been investigations using computers and using machines

403
00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:27,040
Speaker 1: that show above chance that there is some sort of

404
00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:32,159
Speaker 1: weird interaction like a random number generators. So Princeton University

405
00:24:32,160 --> 00:24:36,160
Speaker 1: has a department called the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Department.

406
00:24:36,280 --> 00:24:40,119
Speaker 1: Pair right and pair has been doing studies for a

407
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Speaker 1: couple of decades. The millions of trials and basically they'll

408
00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:46,960
Speaker 1: say this is a random number generator or this this

409
00:24:47,040 --> 00:24:50,000
Speaker 1: machine operates randomly or whatever. We want you to think

410
00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:52,919
Speaker 1: of a number, and we want to see if you

411
00:24:52,920 --> 00:24:56,720
Speaker 1: can influence the numbers that this computer spits out. Oh

412
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Speaker 1: so you're thinking of the number, then you're okay. The

413
00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:02,960
Speaker 1: human is trying to affect the computer, the output the

414
00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:07,320
Speaker 1: behavior of the computer. Of course, if you're sitting across

415
00:25:07,400 --> 00:25:10,399
Speaker 1: the room or in another room thinking about a number

416
00:25:10,400 --> 00:25:12,879
Speaker 1: that a random generator should put out, it should have

417
00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:16,920
Speaker 1: zero effect whatsoever. It's a computer. The weird thing is

418
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Speaker 1: is what Princeton has found is that yes, over enough trials,

419
00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:26,360
Speaker 1: you there is a slight, very slight, but measurable effect

420
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Speaker 1: that human thought has on a random number generator. It's

421
00:25:30,920 --> 00:25:33,399
Speaker 1: it's on Princeton's website. And this is stuff that like

422
00:25:33,520 --> 00:25:36,399
Speaker 1: is apparently accepted in the in the scientific community that

423
00:25:36,480 --> 00:25:40,960
Speaker 1: the the the trials that they are running are so

424
00:25:41,359 --> 00:25:44,560
Speaker 1: widespread and so repeatable and have been done so many

425
00:25:44,600 --> 00:25:47,560
Speaker 1: times that the data that they're coming up with is

426
00:25:47,560 --> 00:25:53,080
Speaker 1: is it's significant. Well, Ryan, with his inner card experiments

427
00:25:53,080 --> 00:25:57,840
Speaker 1: in the thirties did find that some people um got

428
00:25:57,880 --> 00:26:00,879
Speaker 1: what they thought were pretty impressive results. It's like, you know,

429
00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:03,439
Speaker 1: a few I can't remember their names, but Hubert Pierce

430
00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:05,760
Speaker 1: was he one of them. He was the one how

431
00:26:05,800 --> 00:26:09,160
Speaker 1: many what was his percentage? He had one where he got, um,

432
00:26:09,400 --> 00:26:11,119
Speaker 1: remember how you got three in a row and you're like,

433
00:26:11,200 --> 00:26:13,760
Speaker 1: oh my god, he got twenty five in a row once.

434
00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:19,159
Speaker 1: Come on, no, I'm not kidding. He was also documented

435
00:26:19,160 --> 00:26:22,280
Speaker 1: iss selecting five hundred and fifty eight correct out of

436
00:26:22,359 --> 00:26:26,520
Speaker 1: eight hundred and fifty which is the odds of that

437
00:26:26,640 --> 00:26:30,600
Speaker 1: happening by chance, We're twenty two billion to one. Now,

438
00:26:30,640 --> 00:26:34,160
Speaker 1: were these the early experiments? Because okay, because I did

439
00:26:34,200 --> 00:26:37,560
Speaker 1: read that UM and this seems like I can't believe

440
00:26:37,560 --> 00:26:40,840
Speaker 1: he didn't check this. Apparently the early cards were a

441
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:44,359
Speaker 1: little translucent. Oh yeah, some of them were. And then

442
00:26:44,359 --> 00:26:47,320
Speaker 1: he corrected for that and the and the percentages went

443
00:26:47,359 --> 00:26:51,080
Speaker 1: down and then they U I know other scientists said

444
00:26:51,119 --> 00:26:56,479
Speaker 1: that you are somehow influencing with your body. Tell like

445
00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:59,080
Speaker 1: you basically you don't have a good enough poker face. Yeah,

446
00:26:59,080 --> 00:27:02,240
Speaker 1: And the earliest um Ryan experiments with the center cards,

447
00:27:02,240 --> 00:27:04,560
Speaker 1: he would hold the card up and he'd be making

448
00:27:04,600 --> 00:27:09,200
Speaker 1: eye contact right right the guy. Yeah, the guess it

449
00:27:09,240 --> 00:27:12,080
Speaker 1: would be like is it the way line? And yeah,

450
00:27:12,119 --> 00:27:16,280
Speaker 1: he start shaking his head almost imperceptive. Um, but he

451
00:27:16,560 --> 00:27:21,840
Speaker 1: uh he, that's called sensory leakage, where you the person

452
00:27:22,119 --> 00:27:24,679
Speaker 1: who is um holding the card and knows where the

453
00:27:24,680 --> 00:27:28,600
Speaker 1: card is somehow, there's some detail about your face that

454
00:27:28,920 --> 00:27:32,359
Speaker 1: when you do a thousand trials with somebody, they start

455
00:27:32,440 --> 00:27:34,760
Speaker 1: to pick up on and it affects their guests. That

456
00:27:34,800 --> 00:27:38,399
Speaker 1: influences their guests. So to um correct for that, to

457
00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:44,919
Speaker 1: control for that a sensory leakage in that um, they

458
00:27:44,960 --> 00:27:49,240
Speaker 1: they came up with something called the gans Field experiment. Yes,

459
00:27:49,320 --> 00:27:54,520
Speaker 1: that's a German gunsfeld Um that means whole field in German.

460
00:27:54,600 --> 00:27:58,000
Speaker 1: And that is when they started putting people um, they

461
00:27:58,000 --> 00:28:01,679
Speaker 1: would start depriving their other sense is basically, uh, they

462
00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:05,240
Speaker 1: would be in a like a dimly lit room with

463
00:28:05,320 --> 00:28:08,359
Speaker 1: red lighting and they would have white noise, and they

464
00:28:08,359 --> 00:28:11,600
Speaker 1: would have their eyes covered with these uh special glasses

465
00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:14,679
Speaker 1: or ping pong balls cut in half like Kermit the fraud.

466
00:28:14,920 --> 00:28:16,879
Speaker 1: I guess later on they said, we should just make

467
00:28:16,920 --> 00:28:20,040
Speaker 1: some classes exactly We've got the funding. So basically the

468
00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:23,520
Speaker 1: idea was, let's rule out any uh any of that

469
00:28:24,400 --> 00:28:32,720
Speaker 1: gross censury leakage, which smells um. So yeah, Apparently later

470
00:28:32,800 --> 00:28:37,199
Speaker 1: on in Rhyan's experiments. Um, after he started controlling for stuff,

471
00:28:37,560 --> 00:28:43,600
Speaker 1: the percentages started to drop. Yeah. Correct, Um, he's he was.

472
00:28:43,600 --> 00:28:49,040
Speaker 1: Also he's generally a respected researcher for a couple of reasons. One,

473
00:28:49,480 --> 00:28:54,120
Speaker 1: whenever he did whenever evidence of like um, some sort

474
00:28:54,160 --> 00:28:57,400
Speaker 1: of bias or fraud or something was brought to him,

475
00:28:57,440 --> 00:29:00,720
Speaker 1: he corrected for it. He wore glasses in a white right.

476
00:29:00,840 --> 00:29:04,520
Speaker 1: That was another one. Um. But also he was daring

477
00:29:04,640 --> 00:29:11,240
Speaker 1: enough to stake his entire career on a field of

478
00:29:11,400 --> 00:29:16,960
Speaker 1: study that will get anybody mocked publicly privately. Um, can

479
00:29:17,040 --> 00:29:19,920
Speaker 1: really shut down a lot of opportunities for you. This

480
00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:24,280
Speaker 1: guy and his wife, Louisa Ryan both dedicated their careers

481
00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:28,640
Speaker 1: to establishing the field of parapsychology and really studying it

482
00:29:28,960 --> 00:29:31,400
Speaker 1: and then just walking away from it. I don't think

483
00:29:31,400 --> 00:29:34,040
Speaker 1: he was like, I really want to prove this is true?

484
00:29:34,240 --> 00:29:38,360
Speaker 1: Was he? Uh? Yes, he did? That was that was

485
00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:44,160
Speaker 1: a huge criticism of him. He was a definite believer. Um.

486
00:29:44,240 --> 00:29:47,800
Speaker 1: He was quoted by I don't know what the guy's

487
00:29:47,800 --> 00:29:50,160
Speaker 1: steal was, but one day he was visited by one

488
00:29:50,240 --> 00:29:53,880
Speaker 1: person and the interviewer who went on to write a

489
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:57,560
Speaker 1: paper I think in scientific American to expose him. He

490
00:29:57,640 --> 00:30:01,760
Speaker 1: said he kept a file of people of the results

491
00:30:01,760 --> 00:30:07,320
Speaker 1: of tests where um, people he suspected were purposefully getting

492
00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:10,600
Speaker 1: things wrong because they didn't like him to mess with

493
00:30:10,640 --> 00:30:13,239
Speaker 1: his data, he just took those and never published him.

494
00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:16,720
Speaker 1: He didn't include him in the results, which would definitely

495
00:30:16,720 --> 00:30:21,880
Speaker 1: affect the number of correct hits. Right. Um, that was

496
00:30:21,920 --> 00:30:25,160
Speaker 1: a huge criticism. That's not good science at all. But

497
00:30:25,200 --> 00:30:28,040
Speaker 1: he was definitely a believer, which was another criticism. But

498
00:30:28,120 --> 00:30:30,920
Speaker 1: he was daring and he did um. There was another

499
00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:34,120
Speaker 1: story where it's called the Levy affair where a guy

500
00:30:34,200 --> 00:30:37,360
Speaker 1: named Levy, who was an electrical engineer working in the lab,

501
00:30:38,360 --> 00:30:43,480
Speaker 1: unplugged uh, I guess the censor that would correct negative

502
00:30:43,560 --> 00:30:46,440
Speaker 1: hits for a little while during a trial, so that

503
00:30:46,520 --> 00:30:49,240
Speaker 1: all that were recorded for a little bit were positive hits,

504
00:30:50,040 --> 00:30:52,560
Speaker 1: um and so, and then he plugged it back in. Well,

505
00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:54,800
Speaker 1: this one guy saw what the guy was doing and

506
00:30:54,840 --> 00:30:57,200
Speaker 1: went to Ryan. And Ryan went to the guy Levy

507
00:30:57,240 --> 00:30:58,680
Speaker 1: and said, did you do this? And let me say,

508
00:30:58,760 --> 00:31:01,120
Speaker 1: just it's like you're fired, and just like through the

509
00:31:01,160 --> 00:31:04,080
Speaker 1: results away and all that. So he wasn't like he

510
00:31:04,160 --> 00:31:06,080
Speaker 1: was a true believer, but he wasn't just some like

511
00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:09,640
Speaker 1: outright fraud, right right, But he was and still is

512
00:31:09,720 --> 00:31:13,480
Speaker 1: under the microscope as much as probably any researcher in

513
00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:16,479
Speaker 1: all of academia ever has been. All right, well, right

514
00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:18,880
Speaker 1: after this break, we'll talk a little bit about what

515
00:31:19,040 --> 00:31:38,520
Speaker 1: skeptics say about ESP All right, Josh. One thing you'll

516
00:31:38,520 --> 00:31:43,080
Speaker 1: hear skeptics say a lot is extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.

517
00:31:43,760 --> 00:31:46,520
Speaker 1: And I have to agree with him, and Uh, it

518
00:31:46,640 --> 00:31:50,400
Speaker 1: is an extraordinary claim here. And UM, so far there

519
00:31:50,440 --> 00:31:54,880
Speaker 1: hasn't been um extraordinary evidence. And one of the things

520
00:31:54,960 --> 00:31:57,000
Speaker 1: I pointed to earlier that I think is what's going

521
00:31:57,040 --> 00:31:59,600
Speaker 1: on if you look at statistics, you look at six

522
00:31:59,640 --> 00:32:04,480
Speaker 1: billion people on planet Earth, uh, and them thinking a

523
00:32:04,520 --> 00:32:07,920
Speaker 1: good zillion things each day. And that is scientific, by

524
00:32:07,920 --> 00:32:11,960
Speaker 1: the way. Um, at some point somebody is going to

525
00:32:12,040 --> 00:32:14,880
Speaker 1: think something that it mirrors something that happens in the

526
00:32:14,880 --> 00:32:18,280
Speaker 1: near future. Uh, And it's just chance and coincidence. I

527
00:32:18,320 --> 00:32:21,280
Speaker 1: have a great example of that, man. It happened this

528
00:32:21,400 --> 00:32:25,080
Speaker 1: very morning. Yeah I did. Um. I was at the printer.

529
00:32:25,560 --> 00:32:27,840
Speaker 1: You know, we just moved offices, and I was at

530
00:32:27,880 --> 00:32:30,160
Speaker 1: the printer and I had like an extra piece of

531
00:32:30,200 --> 00:32:32,560
Speaker 1: paper that I didn't need, and I realized, like, we

532
00:32:32,640 --> 00:32:35,880
Speaker 1: have no paper recycling here. So on my way back

533
00:32:36,040 --> 00:32:38,280
Speaker 1: yet that is everyone out there. It's like, what kind

534
00:32:38,280 --> 00:32:40,360
Speaker 1: of office would have, right, we just said we have

535
00:32:40,400 --> 00:32:42,640
Speaker 1: a we have a fifty gallon drum that we throw

536
00:32:42,760 --> 00:32:45,600
Speaker 1: stuff into that it catches on fire and then we

537
00:32:45,640 --> 00:32:47,640
Speaker 1: send it up a burning drum, that's what it's called.

538
00:32:47,680 --> 00:32:50,880
Speaker 1: Now we're getting those soon, um, right, and we are

539
00:32:50,920 --> 00:32:52,720
Speaker 1: getting hip soon. I know this because on my way

540
00:32:52,760 --> 00:32:55,480
Speaker 1: back to my desk, I popped into Izzy, the I

541
00:32:55,600 --> 00:32:58,320
Speaker 1: T guy who's also the head of all recycling and

542
00:32:58,360 --> 00:33:02,280
Speaker 1: stuff here. It's like, is he need a paper recycling

543
00:33:02,360 --> 00:33:06,320
Speaker 1: bins by the printer? And he goes, I'm writing an

544
00:33:06,360 --> 00:33:10,160
Speaker 1: email right now to everybody about that very thing. You

545
00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:15,520
Speaker 1: almost did your USY impression close, um, And so like

546
00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:19,920
Speaker 1: I thought about it. That's pretty amazing, you know. But

547
00:33:20,080 --> 00:33:22,960
Speaker 1: it was about nine in the morning, and this is

548
00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:25,080
Speaker 1: a company wide email, so it would be something that

549
00:33:25,160 --> 00:33:27,600
Speaker 1: is he would probably knock out about that time. The

550
00:33:27,640 --> 00:33:29,520
Speaker 1: reason I was thinking of is because I was just

551
00:33:29,640 --> 00:33:32,920
Speaker 1: at the printer. We just moved into this office and

552
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:34,959
Speaker 1: we didn't have bins yet, so it was still a

553
00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:38,040
Speaker 1: potential thing for somebody to be thinking about. Or doing

554
00:33:38,160 --> 00:33:41,160
Speaker 1: or writing an email about UM. And so there's all

555
00:33:41,200 --> 00:33:45,480
Speaker 1: these different really overlooked variables or factors to this whole

556
00:33:45,520 --> 00:33:48,240
Speaker 1: thing that that you don't think of. Instead, it just

557
00:33:48,280 --> 00:33:52,360
Speaker 1: seems like an amazing coincidence or ESP. To me, the

558
00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:55,640
Speaker 1: really significant thing was that I happened to be researching

559
00:33:55,920 --> 00:33:58,760
Speaker 1: ESP while this happened. That's what it really kind of

560
00:33:58,760 --> 00:34:01,560
Speaker 1: stood out to me. But if you really kind of

561
00:34:01,560 --> 00:34:03,760
Speaker 1: look at it, like, there's a finite amount of things

562
00:34:03,800 --> 00:34:06,520
Speaker 1: that people could think about in any given day, in

563
00:34:06,560 --> 00:34:09,200
Speaker 1: any giving context, in an office or something like that.

564
00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:13,280
Speaker 1: Like had I been a goat at a petting zoo

565
00:34:13,560 --> 00:34:16,640
Speaker 1: and I went over and UM talked to the cow

566
00:34:16,719 --> 00:34:21,360
Speaker 1: and the cow was writing the email about recycling bins. Maybe,

567
00:34:22,120 --> 00:34:24,600
Speaker 1: but we're in an office. I'm talking to the guy

568
00:34:24,680 --> 00:34:27,920
Speaker 1: about recycling bins. There's just a lot of stuff that

569
00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:30,319
Speaker 1: you kind of once you take that into account, it

570
00:34:30,400 --> 00:34:33,319
Speaker 1: becomes less amazing. Like like the the guy writing the

571
00:34:33,360 --> 00:34:35,839
Speaker 1: Titan Titanic book. Yeah, you know, I used to happen

572
00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:37,600
Speaker 1: to me, now that I think of it, is UM.

573
00:34:37,880 --> 00:34:40,040
Speaker 1: I used to And this it's weird. It was only

574
00:34:40,040 --> 00:34:42,560
Speaker 1: with phone land lines that hadn't happened with the cell phone.

575
00:34:42,960 --> 00:34:46,399
Speaker 1: But I used to like, no, the phone was gonna

576
00:34:46,480 --> 00:34:49,280
Speaker 1: ring right before it rang, like almost go to reach

577
00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:52,840
Speaker 1: for it. Um. And I mean it's not like it

578
00:34:52,840 --> 00:34:54,640
Speaker 1: happened all the time, but it happened enough times where

579
00:34:54,680 --> 00:34:56,440
Speaker 1: I was like, that's weird. Sure, I know what you're

580
00:34:56,440 --> 00:34:58,920
Speaker 1: talking about, but and that was all it was to me.

581
00:34:58,960 --> 00:35:01,480
Speaker 1: I was not like I the gift. But think about

582
00:35:01,480 --> 00:35:06,800
Speaker 1: it in in that respect to you know people, So

583
00:35:06,960 --> 00:35:08,560
Speaker 1: was it you knew who was calling or just that

584
00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:10,440
Speaker 1: the phone was about to just that it was about

585
00:35:10,440 --> 00:35:12,319
Speaker 1: to ring. Now, yeah, that is weird. You definitely do

586
00:35:12,360 --> 00:35:18,600
Speaker 1: have esp yeah, um. Or maybe I don't know, maybe

587
00:35:18,600 --> 00:35:21,600
Speaker 1: the phone made a little tick noise right before it

588
00:35:21,680 --> 00:35:24,959
Speaker 1: rang that I didn't pick up on, but only subconsciously.

589
00:35:24,960 --> 00:35:29,279
Speaker 1: You know. Well that's another explanation for today that um right,

590
00:35:29,640 --> 00:35:34,400
Speaker 1: that um there is uh subliminal stuff in the environment

591
00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:38,000
Speaker 1: that is just too weak in nature for us to

592
00:35:38,080 --> 00:35:41,719
Speaker 1: pick up on consciously, but our unconscious does or subconscious does,

593
00:35:42,200 --> 00:35:44,560
Speaker 1: which frankly opens up a whole other can of worms.

594
00:35:45,080 --> 00:35:48,040
Speaker 1: You know, as far as you know, how real is

595
00:35:48,080 --> 00:35:52,160
Speaker 1: that kind of thing there? But probably a little closer

596
00:35:52,200 --> 00:35:56,560
Speaker 1: to reality is the idea that um our attention isn't

597
00:35:56,600 --> 00:35:59,360
Speaker 1: focused on everything that we're picking up at all times,

598
00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:01,640
Speaker 1: like like I see your beard and I see your

599
00:36:01,680 --> 00:36:03,840
Speaker 1: shirt and everything, but I'm still also picking up like

600
00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:06,879
Speaker 1: sensory information from like Jerry's computer that I can see

601
00:36:06,880 --> 00:36:09,760
Speaker 1: in my peripheral vision or whatever. My attention isn't focused

602
00:36:09,800 --> 00:36:12,920
Speaker 1: on it, but my brain is still receiving information. So

603
00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:15,359
Speaker 1: the idea that our brains can put it together all

604
00:36:15,400 --> 00:36:19,840
Speaker 1: this information that we're not aware consciously that we're receiving, um,

605
00:36:19,880 --> 00:36:23,560
Speaker 1: but we're still getting impressions from it. That'sh that that

606
00:36:23,719 --> 00:36:26,839
Speaker 1: could be a great explanation for ESP as well. Yeah,

607
00:36:26,880 --> 00:36:28,239
Speaker 1: and you know what, now that I think about it,

608
00:36:28,640 --> 00:36:31,000
Speaker 1: the fact that it's never happened with my cell phone

609
00:36:31,160 --> 00:36:34,440
Speaker 1: sort of makes sense because maybe there it was a

610
00:36:34,440 --> 00:36:37,759
Speaker 1: mechanical function a landline, right, Yeah, like you said a

611
00:36:37,800 --> 00:36:39,719
Speaker 1: click or a tick, but I think you meant like

612
00:36:39,719 --> 00:36:42,239
Speaker 1: a click And it wasn't even the newer model. This

613
00:36:42,280 --> 00:36:44,920
Speaker 1: was back in the day when it was like yeah,

614
00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:49,359
Speaker 1: ringing like bell, So maybe that does explain it. Yeah,

615
00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:51,680
Speaker 1: I've got another good example that I came across and

616
00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:54,920
Speaker 1: researching this. UM. Let's say that you and I are

617
00:36:54,920 --> 00:37:00,640
Speaker 1: hanging out and you're humming baby, I'm five work right,

618
00:37:00,960 --> 00:37:02,680
Speaker 1: just over and over again. I don't know that song,

619
00:37:02,760 --> 00:37:06,360
Speaker 1: but I'm reading Yes you do, No, don't, Yeah you do? It?

620
00:37:06,480 --> 00:37:10,120
Speaker 1: Was it Katy Perry? I don't know Katy Perry anyway, um,

621
00:37:10,239 --> 00:37:11,880
Speaker 1: although I will have to say I did love that

622
00:37:11,960 --> 00:37:16,160
Speaker 1: halftime show. It was great, well it was. It was hysterical.

623
00:37:16,280 --> 00:37:18,840
Speaker 1: What's up with the sharks being a meme? Now? I

624
00:37:18,920 --> 00:37:21,080
Speaker 1: would think they were really significant. She looked like she

625
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:24,000
Speaker 1: was worked at corn Dog on a Stick. I don't

626
00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:26,160
Speaker 1: know what that is. That's not all corn dogs around sticks.

627
00:37:26,400 --> 00:37:28,640
Speaker 1: It's that place in our hot Dog on a Stick

628
00:37:28,640 --> 00:37:30,319
Speaker 1: that was called that place in the mall where they

629
00:37:30,320 --> 00:37:34,919
Speaker 1: wore those big giant Yeah. No, I don't know anything

630
00:37:34,920 --> 00:37:37,360
Speaker 1: about Katy Perry. But it was the funniest most but

631
00:37:37,640 --> 00:37:41,200
Speaker 1: like the crazy just kept coming and coming, and I

632
00:37:41,239 --> 00:37:42,840
Speaker 1: was like, this is the best thing I've ever seen.

633
00:37:43,080 --> 00:37:46,239
Speaker 1: So anyway, in this universe, you're well aware of Katy

634
00:37:46,320 --> 00:37:48,800
Speaker 1: Perry and her song Firework, and you're humming it to yourself.

635
00:37:48,840 --> 00:37:52,919
Speaker 1: But I'm sitting there reading The New Yorker and I'm

636
00:37:52,920 --> 00:37:55,960
Speaker 1: engrossed in it and not I don't notice that you

637
00:37:56,080 --> 00:37:58,480
Speaker 1: get up to go make some nachos, and you come

638
00:37:58,480 --> 00:38:01,359
Speaker 1: back in, and you catch my attention because you're you're

639
00:38:01,360 --> 00:38:03,600
Speaker 1: coming back in with some nachos and they smell awesome.

640
00:38:04,120 --> 00:38:06,160
Speaker 1: And now my attention is directed to you, and you're

641
00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:10,279
Speaker 1: still humming Firework, right, And I'm like, I was just

642
00:38:10,440 --> 00:38:13,319
Speaker 1: thinking about that song Firework. I had that in my head.

643
00:38:13,360 --> 00:38:15,920
Speaker 1: How crazy we must be connected. I didn't realize that

644
00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:19,680
Speaker 1: you had been humming it earlier, and beneath my awareness

645
00:38:20,360 --> 00:38:23,840
Speaker 1: I picked it up. Although once I became aware that

646
00:38:23,920 --> 00:38:27,000
Speaker 1: you were humming it, it seemed to me like I

647
00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:30,480
Speaker 1: had ESP. Well, yeah, and that ties into another explanation

648
00:38:30,760 --> 00:38:33,200
Speaker 1: is that people who do seem to have that gift

649
00:38:33,239 --> 00:38:37,880
Speaker 1: are just really really hyper observant on minute details, like

650
00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:41,480
Speaker 1: the same people that can pick up on micro expressions. Um,

651
00:38:41,520 --> 00:38:43,279
Speaker 1: they might feel like they have the gift because they're

652
00:38:43,320 --> 00:38:46,600
Speaker 1: just really in tune to what's going on around them

653
00:38:46,719 --> 00:38:48,839
Speaker 1: or not just you know, like a big lunk head

654
00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:51,160
Speaker 1: walking around. So a lot of people who believe in

655
00:38:51,160 --> 00:38:56,960
Speaker 1: the ESP say, yes, we agree with that, especially parapsychology researchers,

656
00:38:57,320 --> 00:39:00,000
Speaker 1: and there are still plenty of respected ones out there.

657
00:39:00,040 --> 00:39:03,160
Speaker 1: Is a guy named darry O Bem. Yeah, I saw

658
00:39:03,200 --> 00:39:05,040
Speaker 1: that thing. He said. He's been doing this for a

659
00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:08,279
Speaker 1: while now legitimately we should talk about him. But there

660
00:39:08,560 --> 00:39:13,000
Speaker 1: to button up that point, there is UM a lot

661
00:39:13,040 --> 00:39:17,040
Speaker 1: of parapsychologists or even just plain old psychologists who are

662
00:39:17,040 --> 00:39:23,400
Speaker 1: researching ESPUM who say, yes, that definitely most likely accounts

663
00:39:23,440 --> 00:39:26,680
Speaker 1: for almost all of it, and that's good for us

664
00:39:26,680 --> 00:39:28,400
Speaker 1: to be thinking about that, and that in and of

665
00:39:28,440 --> 00:39:33,399
Speaker 1: itself deserves like academic inquiry and research. Right, But there

666
00:39:33,440 --> 00:39:36,680
Speaker 1: are still some experience experiments that are being produced by

667
00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:41,120
Speaker 1: guys like Darry Obem that UM are showing some weird

668
00:39:41,200 --> 00:39:44,680
Speaker 1: results that go beyond this kind of explanation. Yeah. And

669
00:39:44,680 --> 00:39:46,520
Speaker 1: and one of the problems, well we'll talk about the

670
00:39:46,560 --> 00:39:50,279
Speaker 1: problems with even this research um about it being reproducible

671
00:39:50,320 --> 00:39:52,800
Speaker 1: in a second. But he did a couple of experiments.

672
00:39:52,840 --> 00:39:57,439
Speaker 1: This is from NPR. Crow wrote this, Yeah, from from

673
00:39:57,800 --> 00:40:01,839
Speaker 1: from radio LAMB Nice. I didn't know that, um. These

674
00:40:01,880 --> 00:40:03,480
Speaker 1: are the two that he pointed out. He did nine

675
00:40:03,520 --> 00:40:08,000
Speaker 1: different experiments, but the two that he highlighted was at Cornell,

676
00:40:08,080 --> 00:40:11,719
Speaker 1: which is where bim is a does his work. Right. Yeah,

677
00:40:11,760 --> 00:40:15,760
Speaker 1: and he's again a very respected psychologist, and this study

678
00:40:16,000 --> 00:40:19,440
Speaker 1: that of these experiments was published in the Journal of

679
00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:24,680
Speaker 1: Personality and Social Psychology, which is a respected journal. Yeah, um,

680
00:40:24,760 --> 00:40:26,640
Speaker 1: so they The first one was a computer quiz. They

681
00:40:26,680 --> 00:40:32,719
Speaker 1: took a hundred students, fifty males and fifty women, and um. Basically,

682
00:40:32,760 --> 00:40:36,000
Speaker 1: they showed a computer screen with two little curtains on it,

683
00:40:36,040 --> 00:40:39,600
Speaker 1: side by side and said, behind one is nothing a

684
00:40:39,600 --> 00:40:44,800
Speaker 1: brick wall, and behind the other is something sexy. Yeah,

685
00:40:45,120 --> 00:40:47,239
Speaker 1: some kind of you know, I was about to call

686
00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:56,719
Speaker 1: it pornographic, but who knows. Maybe it's art erodess. Yeah, gross, Um,

687
00:40:57,120 --> 00:40:58,719
Speaker 1: that just makes you feel like you're dad saying it

688
00:40:58,800 --> 00:41:00,640
Speaker 1: or something. Yeah, well, this room too small for you

689
00:41:00,680 --> 00:41:06,520
Speaker 1: to say. Um. So basically he would say, you tell me, um,

690
00:41:06,560 --> 00:41:09,000
Speaker 1: what what you think you're going to see? And they

691
00:41:09,040 --> 00:41:11,479
Speaker 1: were all hooked up to uh two machines to read

692
00:41:11,520 --> 00:41:13,120
Speaker 1: the you know, they're what's going on in their body

693
00:41:13,120 --> 00:41:16,160
Speaker 1: of course, and um, you would think it would be

694
00:41:16,200 --> 00:41:19,600
Speaker 1: a fifty results, but they actually got a fifty three

695
00:41:19,640 --> 00:41:24,479
Speaker 1: point one percent result for the what UH craw Witch

696
00:41:24,520 --> 00:41:32,920
Speaker 1: calls erotic stimuli. Um. And basically they they think, or

697
00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:36,719
Speaker 1: at least that's what BEM thinks, is that one possibility

698
00:41:36,800 --> 00:41:38,440
Speaker 1: is that if there's if they think they're going to

699
00:41:38,520 --> 00:41:43,880
Speaker 1: see something erotically stimulating, then um, it got passed back

700
00:41:43,960 --> 00:41:46,840
Speaker 1: through time. Yeah, that's kind of his position, is that

701
00:41:46,960 --> 00:41:51,839
Speaker 1: retrocognition thing. Yeah, that they somehow their future selves who

702
00:41:51,880 --> 00:41:56,640
Speaker 1: saw the erotic image was stimulated enough that that stimulation

703
00:41:56,719 --> 00:42:00,440
Speaker 1: traveled backwards three seconds and influenced their choice because they

704
00:42:00,440 --> 00:42:04,800
Speaker 1: were they would be slightly stimulated physiologically right before they guess.

705
00:42:05,760 --> 00:42:09,640
Speaker 1: And he said, before the computer even chose which which

706
00:42:09,680 --> 00:42:12,440
Speaker 1: one to show? Right, they right, they were making their

707
00:42:12,520 --> 00:42:16,640
Speaker 1: choices often correct, Um, before the computer chose to show

708
00:42:16,680 --> 00:42:20,759
Speaker 1: an erotic or non erotic image. And it doesn't sound

709
00:42:20,800 --> 00:42:22,879
Speaker 1: like much, but crow which points out a couple of things.

710
00:42:22,920 --> 00:42:26,640
Speaker 1: One that um, when there was a control group that

711
00:42:26,719 --> 00:42:30,120
Speaker 1: was shown just non erotic pictures, they did forty nine

712
00:42:30,480 --> 00:42:35,439
Speaker 1: eight percent correct, which is chance. They're all not happy, right,

713
00:42:35,480 --> 00:42:37,520
Speaker 1: They're like, we don't want to be the control They're like,

714
00:42:37,560 --> 00:42:40,440
Speaker 1: can we get a little steamier in here? Um? But

715
00:42:40,560 --> 00:42:44,600
Speaker 1: and he he also pointed out that fifty three point one,

716
00:42:44,680 --> 00:42:50,560
Speaker 1: to be specific, doesn't sound like much, but um, apparently

717
00:42:50,719 --> 00:42:56,240
Speaker 1: that's a point two percent chance where on a scale

718
00:42:56,320 --> 00:42:59,840
Speaker 1: between zero and one, where zero is it's not going

719
00:42:59,880 --> 00:43:03,360
Speaker 1: to happen, and one is that it's definitely gonna happen.

720
00:43:04,520 --> 00:43:08,200
Speaker 1: And apparently, as far as um correlation goes, or links

721
00:43:08,280 --> 00:43:12,560
Speaker 1: between two things something affecting another, a point too is

722
00:43:12,600 --> 00:43:16,120
Speaker 1: about the same as the link between aspirin and heart

723
00:43:16,120 --> 00:43:20,880
Speaker 1: attack prevention. Um, the link between calcium and taken bone mass,

724
00:43:21,440 --> 00:43:24,279
Speaker 1: the link between second hand smoke and lung cancer. So

725
00:43:24,400 --> 00:43:29,680
Speaker 1: things that are touted is like, pay attention to this, yes, yeah, yeah, yeah, exactly.

726
00:43:29,719 --> 00:43:32,200
Speaker 1: So so stuff that we accepted is like, yeah, yeah,

727
00:43:32,360 --> 00:43:34,720
Speaker 1: if you're around second hand smoke you can get cancer

728
00:43:34,760 --> 00:43:39,920
Speaker 1: from has the same exactly it is and um. Later on,

729
00:43:40,000 --> 00:43:44,359
Speaker 1: a meta analysis of Bem's experiments, some other experiments that

730
00:43:44,400 --> 00:43:47,239
Speaker 1: were carried out afterward, and then some other experiments all

731
00:43:47,280 --> 00:43:53,280
Speaker 1: grouped together. A meta analysis showed that um, they they weren't.

732
00:43:54,520 --> 00:43:57,359
Speaker 1: It wasn't statistically significant if you took all of the

733
00:43:57,400 --> 00:44:01,640
Speaker 1: existing body of literature of these experiment but it was

734
00:44:01,680 --> 00:44:06,319
Speaker 1: a New Scientist article, and um, it was pretty cool.

735
00:44:06,520 --> 00:44:10,600
Speaker 1: In the comments section, somebody said, yeah, it's not reproducible,

736
00:44:10,640 --> 00:44:14,040
Speaker 1: but a lot of science isn't reproducible. And it reminded

737
00:44:14,080 --> 00:44:17,359
Speaker 1: me of our scientific method episode where like apparently a

738
00:44:17,360 --> 00:44:22,640
Speaker 1: lot of um trials that that like pharmaceuticals are based

739
00:44:22,640 --> 00:44:26,360
Speaker 1: on aren't reproducible. Wasn't it like them? Which doesn't surprise

740
00:44:26,400 --> 00:44:28,279
Speaker 1: me of course. Yeah, all right. And then there was

741
00:44:28,280 --> 00:44:30,640
Speaker 1: this other experiment that I need you to explain to

742
00:44:30,680 --> 00:44:33,640
Speaker 1: me because I didn't understand it. Okay, you're ready, Like

743
00:44:33,680 --> 00:44:35,760
Speaker 1: I got the first part, but I didn't. I didn't.

744
00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:37,719
Speaker 1: It didn't make sense to me because it's a little

745
00:44:37,719 --> 00:44:40,919
Speaker 1: mind blowing. So you know how like if you are

746
00:44:41,200 --> 00:44:44,880
Speaker 1: studying something and you write it down, it gets in

747
00:44:44,880 --> 00:44:47,440
Speaker 1: your brain a little more so that when you're tested

748
00:44:47,480 --> 00:44:51,520
Speaker 1: on it later, uh, you will recall it more easily. Yeah,

749
00:44:51,600 --> 00:44:55,360
Speaker 1: that's a common study method, write something down. So Bem

750
00:44:55,400 --> 00:44:58,040
Speaker 1: carried out a very simple experiment that did the opposite

751
00:44:58,040 --> 00:45:01,439
Speaker 1: of that. First, he showed some people a bunch of

752
00:45:01,480 --> 00:45:04,520
Speaker 1: a bunch of words, forty eight random words. I think

753
00:45:04,520 --> 00:45:06,520
Speaker 1: now it's like tree or something like that, and he

754
00:45:06,640 --> 00:45:09,000
Speaker 1: told them to visualize it though, right, right, So they

755
00:45:09,000 --> 00:45:11,239
Speaker 1: saw all forty eight words and thought about them, not

756
00:45:11,360 --> 00:45:14,359
Speaker 1: visualized the letters, but visualized the thing, right, like see

757
00:45:14,360 --> 00:45:16,959
Speaker 1: the tree, and just just to kind of try to

758
00:45:17,320 --> 00:45:22,320
Speaker 1: memorize all forty eight words. Then the computer randomly selected

759
00:45:22,320 --> 00:45:25,879
Speaker 1: twenty four of those words, and then after they'd done that,

760
00:45:26,640 --> 00:45:29,719
Speaker 1: BEM gave them a test of recall to see how

761
00:45:29,800 --> 00:45:33,080
Speaker 1: many they recalled right. So the people I had to

762
00:45:33,120 --> 00:45:38,200
Speaker 1: type out the the the words they recalled. Then after that,

763
00:45:39,000 --> 00:45:43,040
Speaker 1: the computer randomly selected twenty four of the forty eight

764
00:45:43,080 --> 00:45:46,200
Speaker 1: words for the people to type after they had already

765
00:45:46,239 --> 00:45:50,320
Speaker 1: taken the test of recall. And those twenty four words

766
00:45:51,160 --> 00:45:54,360
Speaker 1: are the ones that people more consistently got right on

767
00:45:54,480 --> 00:45:59,279
Speaker 1: the earlier tests. So it's it's another example of that

768
00:45:59,360 --> 00:46:03,719
Speaker 1: retroco mission that these people getting the words in their

769
00:46:03,719 --> 00:46:07,680
Speaker 1: heads after the tests somehow went backward and influenced their

770
00:46:07,760 --> 00:46:11,440
Speaker 1: recall and memory for the test that they took before

771
00:46:11,520 --> 00:46:16,120
Speaker 1: they learned them. That makes more sense a little, Yeah,

772
00:46:16,200 --> 00:46:18,600
Speaker 1: it is a little let's see, time travel melts my

773
00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:21,000
Speaker 1: brain too, right. So this guy published this stuff in

774
00:46:21,040 --> 00:46:23,520
Speaker 1: like two thousand and ten, and like it was, it

775
00:46:23,600 --> 00:46:28,000
Speaker 1: made a huge, huge splash, huge criticism. The academic journal

776
00:46:28,080 --> 00:46:31,600
Speaker 1: was criticized, and Ben was you know, pilloried and all that.

777
00:46:31,680 --> 00:46:37,720
Speaker 1: But he's still you know, put out these these very reproducible, understandable,

778
00:46:37,840 --> 00:46:42,560
Speaker 1: simple exercises that still showed statistically speaking, there were some

779
00:46:42,640 --> 00:46:45,919
Speaker 1: significant results that went beyond chance. So when it comes

780
00:46:45,960 --> 00:46:49,560
Speaker 1: to debunking UM esp one thing that you're not gonna

781
00:46:50,200 --> 00:46:51,840
Speaker 1: you know, you said fraud, You're not gonna see a

782
00:46:51,920 --> 00:46:57,080
Speaker 1: lot of people call researchers outright frauds because that's just

783
00:46:57,400 --> 00:47:01,000
Speaker 1: sort of a dangerous thing to say. Sure, it's not nice, um,

784
00:47:01,040 --> 00:47:03,880
Speaker 1: but there are people out there who I guess or

785
00:47:03,920 --> 00:47:08,280
Speaker 1: criticized for, you know, basically trying to call out UM.

786
00:47:08,320 --> 00:47:10,920
Speaker 1: And this is something completely different. But these these on

787
00:47:11,120 --> 00:47:14,680
Speaker 1: stage psychic shows like crossing Over with John Edwards, Yeah,

788
00:47:14,760 --> 00:47:17,879
Speaker 1: like it's easy to pick those people out and say

789
00:47:17,920 --> 00:47:20,440
Speaker 1: you're a big fraud and this is not true of course,

790
00:47:20,480 --> 00:47:23,359
Speaker 1: And all you're doing is cold reading. Uh cold reading

791
00:47:23,400 --> 00:47:26,840
Speaker 1: we talked about in the Animal Um Pet Psychics episode.

792
00:47:27,560 --> 00:47:30,120
Speaker 1: That's basically when you get up on stage and you say, sir,

793
00:47:30,239 --> 00:47:34,600
Speaker 1: I'm sensing um someone there you're having some trouble with

794
00:47:34,600 --> 00:47:38,359
Speaker 1: with another man in your life. Uh with the name

795
00:47:39,000 --> 00:47:42,799
Speaker 1: of j or or is it h or oh, or

796
00:47:42,840 --> 00:47:46,759
Speaker 1: maybe it's p Yes, p my my boss, Uh Peter, Yes,

797
00:47:46,840 --> 00:47:49,480
Speaker 1: yes exactly. And that's all a cold reading is. It's

798
00:47:49,480 --> 00:47:51,960
Speaker 1: throwing out these really broad things that anyone can latch onto.

799
00:47:52,480 --> 00:47:55,359
Speaker 1: So it's really easy to call uh, those people out.

800
00:47:55,400 --> 00:47:58,840
Speaker 1: And there's a guy, um sort of a guy famous

801
00:47:58,840 --> 00:48:01,960
Speaker 1: for doing that. His name is um James Randy, and

802
00:48:02,000 --> 00:48:05,600
Speaker 1: he's famous for his offer of one million dollars to

803
00:48:05,680 --> 00:48:09,520
Speaker 1: anyone that can prove their psychic ability, which of course

804
00:48:09,560 --> 00:48:11,520
Speaker 1: no one stepped up to do that. But then he

805
00:48:11,560 --> 00:48:14,399
Speaker 1: gets pooh pooed a little bit, like you're just making

806
00:48:14,400 --> 00:48:19,200
Speaker 1: a mockery of trying to legitimately disprove something. And mockery

807
00:48:19,320 --> 00:48:23,440
Speaker 1: is absolutely the right word. And to me, the presence

808
00:48:23,440 --> 00:48:28,080
Speaker 1: of mockery indicates the absence of objectivity, right, So, like

809
00:48:28,160 --> 00:48:30,319
Speaker 1: what you're dealing with then with a guy like that,

810
00:48:30,560 --> 00:48:34,440
Speaker 1: is uh, a set of beliefs, a belief system running

811
00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:38,120
Speaker 1: up against another belief system, just like a couple of

812
00:48:38,160 --> 00:48:42,840
Speaker 1: religions or something like that. It's not objectivity against fraud

813
00:48:42,920 --> 00:48:45,800
Speaker 1: or anything like that. It's belief against belief or something.

814
00:48:46,320 --> 00:48:50,439
Speaker 1: Um And and yeah, the idea of lumping together John

815
00:48:50,560 --> 00:48:55,560
Speaker 1: Edwards with Darryl bem is just that's, you know, fraudulent

816
00:48:55,640 --> 00:48:58,719
Speaker 1: in and of itself. Yeah, that's just they call that theatrics,

817
00:48:58,840 --> 00:49:02,839
Speaker 1: just like the on stage h theatrics of a stage psychic. Yeah,

818
00:49:03,080 --> 00:49:05,880
Speaker 1: so I believe. I totally agree. Yeah, you know I

819
00:49:06,200 --> 00:49:09,440
Speaker 1: I do too. I think there's a definite room for

820
00:49:09,680 --> 00:49:14,640
Speaker 1: a healthy scientific inquiry into just about anything, whether skeptics

821
00:49:14,640 --> 00:49:16,759
Speaker 1: believe in it or not. If you can get some

822
00:49:16,760 --> 00:49:21,120
Speaker 1: funding for it, who cares. That's my motto. You got

823
00:49:21,120 --> 00:49:27,759
Speaker 1: anything else on ESP? Uh? Let me think? No, I've

824
00:49:27,760 --> 00:49:30,080
Speaker 1: got one more thing I found. I came across the

825
00:49:31,200 --> 00:49:36,600
Speaker 1: I think five Nightline with Ted Coppele, where, Um, the

826
00:49:36,680 --> 00:49:40,000
Speaker 1: news broke that the CIA had been studying ESP and

827
00:49:40,000 --> 00:49:42,879
Speaker 1: trying to do remote viewing what Ronson was talking about

828
00:49:42,960 --> 00:49:45,520
Speaker 1: in The Men Who Stare at Coats when it finally

829
00:49:45,560 --> 00:49:49,880
Speaker 1: became declassified. In take, coppled like a twenty minute Nightline

830
00:49:50,280 --> 00:49:55,280
Speaker 1: segment on it totally worth watching. It's some pretty softball questions.

831
00:49:55,360 --> 00:49:59,080
Speaker 1: But Robert Gates, who would later become the the head

832
00:49:59,120 --> 00:50:02,440
Speaker 1: of Defense, he's on there just basically trying as politely

833
00:50:02,480 --> 00:50:05,319
Speaker 1: as possible to show that he does not believe in

834
00:50:05,360 --> 00:50:08,360
Speaker 1: any of this. Even so, here's the pharmacy. I a director,

835
00:50:08,400 --> 00:50:10,799
Speaker 1: and um, it's just neat. Unlus you get to watch

836
00:50:10,800 --> 00:50:14,040
Speaker 1: Copple again. I miss he was great news man. Yeah,

837
00:50:14,040 --> 00:50:17,040
Speaker 1: I miss those dudes. I miss. Uh, I was just

838
00:50:17,080 --> 00:50:21,560
Speaker 1: thinking yesterday about broke call. Yeah, rather I was. I

839
00:50:21,600 --> 00:50:23,880
Speaker 1: was always a broke coll man. Did you I like

840
00:50:24,160 --> 00:50:27,200
Speaker 1: Peter Jennings He was great? Yeah. I don't even all

841
00:50:27,200 --> 00:50:29,399
Speaker 1: of them were great. I don't even have any idea

842
00:50:29,440 --> 00:50:31,120
Speaker 1: who does Night in the News now I don't watch it.

843
00:50:31,120 --> 00:50:34,120
Speaker 1: It was Brian Williams until about a day ago. Did

844
00:50:34,120 --> 00:50:37,720
Speaker 1: he get fired? He like got I know, the whole kerfuffle,

845
00:50:37,760 --> 00:50:41,320
Speaker 1: but he didn't get fired. I'm using my ESP to

846
00:50:41,400 --> 00:50:43,719
Speaker 1: predict that by the time this came, this comes out,

847
00:50:43,800 --> 00:50:46,640
Speaker 1: he will not be there anymore. I think this is

848
00:50:46,680 --> 00:50:52,719
Speaker 1: getting big quick interesting. Yeah, Twitter is involved, man, the

849
00:50:52,760 --> 00:50:56,920
Speaker 1: Twitter takedown. Uh. If you want them more about ESP,

850
00:50:57,520 --> 00:51:00,400
Speaker 1: the internet was virtually set up for you to go

851
00:51:00,520 --> 00:51:02,960
Speaker 1: find out more about it. Um, you can start by

852
00:51:02,960 --> 00:51:05,400
Speaker 1: typing ESP in the search far at how stuff works

853
00:51:05,400 --> 00:51:07,040
Speaker 1: dot com. Since I said that it's time for a

854
00:51:07,120 --> 00:51:10,880
Speaker 1: listener mail, yeah, before we do listener mail, I just

855
00:51:10,880 --> 00:51:12,720
Speaker 1: want to give a quick shout out to my buddy

856
00:51:12,840 --> 00:51:16,200
Speaker 1: Isaac McNairy. Uh. If you remember, I did a Judge

857
00:51:16,239 --> 00:51:18,839
Speaker 1: John Hodgman episode with Emily in which I did a

858
00:51:18,880 --> 00:51:23,360
Speaker 1: bad home renovation and um, this dude stuff you should know.

859
00:51:23,400 --> 00:51:27,600
Speaker 1: Listener from Kansas carpenter. Master carpenter said, hey, man, I'll

860
00:51:27,600 --> 00:51:29,279
Speaker 1: come and stay with you and help you do your

861
00:51:29,840 --> 00:51:33,200
Speaker 1: your project. They're right, And I said this sounds crazy,

862
00:51:33,800 --> 00:51:37,000
Speaker 1: and he actually came and did it and it looks

863
00:51:37,000 --> 00:51:39,239
Speaker 1: awesome and he's a super cool guy. And if you're

864
00:51:39,239 --> 00:51:43,600
Speaker 1: in Kansas near Elder Rado, Kansas, there's no better guy

865
00:51:43,640 --> 00:51:48,040
Speaker 1: to hire of El Dorado, it's Elder Rado. Actually, Okay,

866
00:51:48,040 --> 00:51:50,160
Speaker 1: he has a point out, but um, not only is

867
00:51:50,200 --> 00:51:51,800
Speaker 1: he a great carpenter and a cool guy, but he

868
00:51:51,840 --> 00:51:55,719
Speaker 1: works with a nonprofit called Outreach Program. Uh and you

869
00:51:55,760 --> 00:51:58,600
Speaker 1: can find an outreach program dot org where they're basically

870
00:51:59,360 --> 00:52:03,520
Speaker 1: feeding the world. They package food and they get people

871
00:52:03,560 --> 00:52:06,719
Speaker 1: together in a room and package these mass quantities of

872
00:52:06,760 --> 00:52:10,680
Speaker 1: food to send to other countries and feed the hungry.

873
00:52:10,880 --> 00:52:13,200
Speaker 1: And he's just a really good dude. So thanks to

874
00:52:13,200 --> 00:52:16,960
Speaker 1: Isaac for that, and my kitchen was looking good. So

875
00:52:17,000 --> 00:52:20,319
Speaker 1: again for his nonprofit that is Outreach Program dot org.

876
00:52:20,400 --> 00:52:22,480
Speaker 1: And if you need a great carpenter and you're in Kansas,

877
00:52:22,880 --> 00:52:27,560
Speaker 1: check out Retrofit Remodeling. All right, listener, mail, I'm gonna

878
00:52:27,560 --> 00:52:31,799
Speaker 1: call this pronunciation help. Hey guys, I'm a botanist and

879
00:52:31,800 --> 00:52:34,160
Speaker 1: just want to throw throw your rope to help you

880
00:52:34,160 --> 00:52:37,600
Speaker 1: out with pronouncing plant family names. All plant family names

881
00:52:37,719 --> 00:52:42,279
Speaker 1: end in a C E A E. Oh yeah, I

882
00:52:42,280 --> 00:52:44,839
Speaker 1: thought we got that wrong. Uh, it is a mess

883
00:52:44,840 --> 00:52:46,719
Speaker 1: of vowels. Guys, when you read it, you should just

884
00:52:46,800 --> 00:52:51,720
Speaker 1: imagine you were spelling a C E as in a CE.

885
00:52:53,040 --> 00:52:55,360
Speaker 1: So when you read a plant family name, just break

886
00:52:55,400 --> 00:52:59,160
Speaker 1: off the CE and read the first part and then

887
00:52:59,200 --> 00:53:02,160
Speaker 1: spell a C. So the plant family for poison oak

888
00:53:02,320 --> 00:53:07,920
Speaker 1: is uh Ana cardia Anna cardia ce. So it's just

889
00:53:08,040 --> 00:53:12,080
Speaker 1: Anna cardi A C. I remember it by imagining the

890
00:53:12,600 --> 00:53:16,879
Speaker 1: aneurysm and cardiac arrest I would have if I fell

891
00:53:16,960 --> 00:53:20,680
Speaker 1: into it. A N, A C A R D. I

892
00:53:21,840 --> 00:53:25,440
Speaker 1: what well she spelled out Anna cardi. Oh got the

893
00:53:25,440 --> 00:53:28,680
Speaker 1: first two uh, first letters from each of those words. Anyway,

894
00:53:28,719 --> 00:53:30,839
Speaker 1: Guys who love your podcast find it endearing when you too,

895
00:53:31,120 --> 00:53:35,720
Speaker 1: puzzle out on pronunciations. Um see see that's good to know. Yeah,

896
00:53:35,960 --> 00:53:38,520
Speaker 1: so I love you, bunches, And that is from Jane

897
00:53:38,800 --> 00:53:41,480
Speaker 1: and she said ps. In Europe, they pronounced plant families

898
00:53:41,520 --> 00:53:47,239
Speaker 1: completely differently. Um other parts see other parts of the

899
00:53:47,320 --> 00:53:50,000
Speaker 1: US might have other conventions, but the above pronunciation is

900
00:53:50,080 --> 00:53:59,600
Speaker 1: standard in California. Well, okay, what a c C. I

901
00:54:00,040 --> 00:54:02,920
Speaker 1: You want to let us know something that we should

902
00:54:02,920 --> 00:54:06,879
Speaker 1: have known before we even recorded, But you're generous enough

903
00:54:06,880 --> 00:54:10,000
Speaker 1: with your time and effort to correct us. I guess

904
00:54:10,000 --> 00:54:12,960
Speaker 1: there's a way to put it. We that was very helpful.

905
00:54:12,960 --> 00:54:14,520
Speaker 1: Thanks a lot, Jane. If you want to be like

906
00:54:14,600 --> 00:54:16,680
Speaker 1: Jane in other words, you can tweet to us at

907
00:54:16,800 --> 00:54:19,080
Speaker 1: s Y s K podcast. You can join us on

908
00:54:19,120 --> 00:54:21,600
Speaker 1: Facebook dot com, slash stuff you Should Know. You can

909
00:54:21,640 --> 00:54:23,959
Speaker 1: send us an email to Stuff Podcast at how stuff

910
00:54:24,000 --> 00:54:26,400
Speaker 1: works dot com, and as always, you can join us

911
00:54:26,400 --> 00:54:28,680
Speaker 1: at our home on the web, Stuff you Should Know

912
00:54:28,800 --> 00:54:36,600
Speaker 1: dot com. For more on this and thousands of other topics,

913
00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:45,560
Speaker 1: is it how stuff Works dot com