1 00:00:05,800 --> 00:00:08,360 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg p m L Podcast. I'm pim 2 00:00:08,400 --> 00:00:11,440 Speaker 1: Fox along with my co host Lisa Bramowitz. Each day 3 00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:15,000 Speaker 1: we bring you the most important, noteworthy, and useful interviews 4 00:00:15,040 --> 00:00:17,520 Speaker 1: for you and your money, whether you're at the grocery 5 00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:20,560 Speaker 1: store or the trading floor. Find the Bloomberg p m 6 00:00:20,680 --> 00:00:32,120 Speaker 1: L Podcast on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, and Bloomberg dot com. 7 00:00:32,120 --> 00:00:35,080 Speaker 1: We're gonna take a look at the bond market today, 8 00:00:35,120 --> 00:00:38,040 Speaker 1: focus on fixed income, brought to you by Pimco for 9 00:00:38,080 --> 00:00:41,560 Speaker 1: investors who demand more than the markets deliver. All investments 10 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:45,000 Speaker 1: contain risk and may lose value. Consult your investment professional 11 00:00:45,280 --> 00:00:48,840 Speaker 1: before investing. Today is a great day to have Ira 12 00:00:49,040 --> 00:00:51,559 Speaker 1: Jersey on the show. He is chief US interest rate 13 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:55,600 Speaker 1: Strategist for Bloomberg Intelligence and Ira, Before we get to 14 00:00:55,880 --> 00:00:58,840 Speaker 1: what you're expecting for the year ahead, what we can 15 00:00:58,880 --> 00:01:02,200 Speaker 1: expect lead tomorrow with the f O m C meeting minutes, 16 00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:04,280 Speaker 1: I want to talk about the action that we're seeing 17 00:01:04,400 --> 00:01:07,360 Speaker 1: in the bond market today. We're seeing a pretty broad 18 00:01:07,520 --> 00:01:10,760 Speaker 1: based sell off that seems to be stemming really from 19 00:01:10,959 --> 00:01:14,399 Speaker 1: the European bond market. What do you make of this? 20 00:01:14,560 --> 00:01:18,800 Speaker 1: How much should people read into this action? It's hard 21 00:01:18,800 --> 00:01:21,440 Speaker 1: to always around holiday periods to read a lot into 22 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:24,920 Speaker 1: into things because UM, there's people either putting on positions 23 00:01:24,959 --> 00:01:29,640 Speaker 1: or taking off positions that UM to be either risked 24 00:01:29,720 --> 00:01:32,840 Speaker 1: properly for the year ahead. UM. I think it's real. 25 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:35,720 Speaker 1: I mean it's real in terms of the idea that UM, 26 00:01:35,760 --> 00:01:38,400 Speaker 1: you know, people do think that the UM that yields 27 00:01:38,400 --> 00:01:41,679 Speaker 1: are going to be somewhat higher, that the tax UH 28 00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:44,319 Speaker 1: plan is going to help inflation and growth a little bit, 29 00:01:44,440 --> 00:01:46,400 Speaker 1: and and you know, at the same time, I think 30 00:01:46,400 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: a lot of people were really worried that, you know, 31 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:51,520 Speaker 1: the stock market was going to tank, and and people 32 00:01:51,720 --> 00:01:54,120 Speaker 1: going into year end wanted to be a little bit 33 00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:56,400 Speaker 1: long rate risk just as a hedge to some other 34 00:01:56,800 --> 00:01:59,880 Speaker 1: risk your assets. So UM supported, this isn't big surprise. 35 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:02,160 Speaker 1: I think, you know, we do have some pretty important 36 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: technical levels we're sitting right at for ten year yield, 37 00:02:04,840 --> 00:02:07,360 Speaker 1: So so you know, a move up to past two fifty, 38 00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:09,880 Speaker 1: for example, to two and a half percent would be 39 00:02:10,080 --> 00:02:13,440 Speaker 1: uh potentially mean that we could see last year's highs up, 40 00:02:13,440 --> 00:02:16,840 Speaker 1: but around two six I would you agree that this 41 00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 1: is being driven that today's sell off in US treasuries 42 00:02:20,280 --> 00:02:23,600 Speaker 1: is being driven at least to some degree by what's 43 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 1: going on in Europe. We had an ECB member, Benoit 44 00:02:27,680 --> 00:02:33,480 Speaker 1: cu Uh say overnight that he thinks that the ECB 45 00:02:33,639 --> 00:02:37,440 Speaker 1: is going to stop buying. They're not gonna extend the 46 00:02:37,560 --> 00:02:41,160 Speaker 1: bond purchase program yet again as they did in October. Yeah. 47 00:02:41,160 --> 00:02:42,639 Speaker 1: I think that's a big part of it. I mean 48 00:02:42,680 --> 00:02:45,080 Speaker 1: that that's been a risk hanging out there. The ECB 49 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:47,680 Speaker 1: has been a risk hanging out there for a while. UM. Now, 50 00:02:47,840 --> 00:02:50,240 Speaker 1: even after if you go back to last June, about 51 00:02:50,240 --> 00:02:53,680 Speaker 1: six months ago, when Mario Draggy suggested that the bond 52 00:02:53,680 --> 00:02:55,519 Speaker 1: bank program could come to an end, you saw a 53 00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:59,440 Speaker 1: pretty substantial selloff in UH in treasuries. Now, I think 54 00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:02,959 Speaker 1: one of the question is how sustainable will that sell 55 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:04,440 Speaker 1: off B You know, is this going to be a 56 00:03:04,440 --> 00:03:09,640 Speaker 1: taper tantrum. When DCB recently cut their purchases of of 57 00:03:09,680 --> 00:03:13,680 Speaker 1: bond buying UM from UM down to about thirty billion 58 00:03:13,680 --> 00:03:17,720 Speaker 1: euros a month UM, then you didn't see a huge 59 00:03:17,760 --> 00:03:21,000 Speaker 1: reaction in the in the US bond market. I'd also 60 00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:24,400 Speaker 1: note that that the move today is is in real terms. 61 00:03:24,440 --> 00:03:27,160 Speaker 1: So what's happened is you look at real yield, so 62 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:29,359 Speaker 1: you look at the tips market, and you see how 63 00:03:29,480 --> 00:03:32,560 Speaker 1: how yields and tips are selling off. It's not inflation 64 00:03:32,600 --> 00:03:35,240 Speaker 1: expectations that have gone up a lot um. It's really 65 00:03:35,640 --> 00:03:38,240 Speaker 1: in real space. So that leads you to believe that 66 00:03:38,280 --> 00:03:40,960 Speaker 1: it's either some form of de risking, whether it's because 67 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:44,480 Speaker 1: of the ECB or just um UH or or just 68 00:03:44,600 --> 00:03:47,280 Speaker 1: portfolio positioning for the rest of the year. It's something 69 00:03:47,320 --> 00:03:49,960 Speaker 1: other than the expectation that inflation is going to run 70 00:03:49,960 --> 00:03:53,200 Speaker 1: out of control. AIRA help me understand this. If we're 71 00:03:53,240 --> 00:03:55,480 Speaker 1: having a big sell off at the long end, we're 72 00:03:55,520 --> 00:03:58,320 Speaker 1: down now one and seven thirty seconds for a yield 73 00:03:58,320 --> 00:04:01,480 Speaker 1: of two point eight percent. And then I also told 74 00:04:01,520 --> 00:04:04,800 Speaker 1: you that there were demonstrations in the streets of Iran 75 00:04:05,320 --> 00:04:08,880 Speaker 1: and that North Korea is looking as if it at 76 00:04:08,920 --> 00:04:15,160 Speaker 1: least wants a dialogue with South Korea. Why aren't people buying? Yeah, well, 77 00:04:15,240 --> 00:04:17,760 Speaker 1: I think having a dialogue in on the Korean peninsula 78 00:04:17,839 --> 00:04:21,200 Speaker 1: is probably a positive development in terms of reducing geopolitical risk. 79 00:04:21,320 --> 00:04:22,880 Speaker 1: Well but wait, wait, wait, wait wait the same But 80 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:25,120 Speaker 1: the reason I mentioned that is because that's also being 81 00:04:25,360 --> 00:04:27,800 Speaker 1: voiced in the context of the North Koreans trying to 82 00:04:27,920 --> 00:04:31,719 Speaker 1: drive a wedge between South Korea and the United States. Yeah, 83 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:35,200 Speaker 1: that's that's fair. Um. You know, I think the treasury 84 00:04:35,240 --> 00:04:38,240 Speaker 1: market in a lot of ways has been very technical recently, 85 00:04:38,279 --> 00:04:41,240 Speaker 1: where um, you know, the reason why yields continued to 86 00:04:41,240 --> 00:04:44,119 Speaker 1: be so low is because of large central bank balance sheets. 87 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:47,960 Speaker 1: It's because the of the economic situation in the US. 88 00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:50,360 Speaker 1: So I think what you need to change to see 89 00:04:50,560 --> 00:04:53,960 Speaker 1: a large rally in in treasuries would be something like 90 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:56,880 Speaker 1: a risk off event. And um, so I think in 91 00:04:57,240 --> 00:05:01,120 Speaker 1: many respects, UM, today's move is going to be more 92 00:05:01,120 --> 00:05:03,160 Speaker 1: in line with the idea that the equity market is 93 00:05:03,279 --> 00:05:07,960 Speaker 1: up you have, UM, even though there's there's uh, you know, 94 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:11,719 Speaker 1: local and regional tensions in some places. To make that 95 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:15,960 Speaker 1: a globally systemic event and therefore big risk off event 96 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:19,080 Speaker 1: would take something much larger than what's going on, um 97 00:05:19,160 --> 00:05:20,920 Speaker 1: in the world today. And I think that stuff in 98 00:05:20,920 --> 00:05:23,640 Speaker 1: the Korean Peninsula. You know, there was some volatility when 99 00:05:23,640 --> 00:05:25,960 Speaker 1: some of those headlines first came out, but quite frankly, 100 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:27,920 Speaker 1: I think a lot of investors are a little bit 101 00:05:28,000 --> 00:05:30,239 Speaker 1: numb to the headlines coming out of the Korean Peninsula 102 00:05:30,279 --> 00:05:32,799 Speaker 1: at this point. Well, I wrote, would you count yourself 103 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:36,599 Speaker 1: among those who are simply also because you're recommending the 104 00:05:36,640 --> 00:05:40,719 Speaker 1: people in the US go by Japanese bonds, which arguably 105 00:05:40,839 --> 00:05:45,200 Speaker 1: could could be impacted. Well, not so so. I think 106 00:05:45,200 --> 00:05:48,080 Speaker 1: it's more of an interesting uh, it's it's a very 107 00:05:48,120 --> 00:05:52,040 Speaker 1: interesting phenomenon that has has been occurring in the post 108 00:05:52,080 --> 00:05:54,600 Speaker 1: crisis period where you know, a lot of people show 109 00:05:54,680 --> 00:05:58,560 Speaker 1: the difference in yields between the US and either Germany 110 00:05:58,720 --> 00:06:01,359 Speaker 1: or Japan and just say, how could US yields be 111 00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:05,000 Speaker 1: so high? How could corporate bond yields for you know, 112 00:06:05,480 --> 00:06:08,240 Speaker 1: for mid rated corporate bonds be lower than that of 113 00:06:08,279 --> 00:06:10,840 Speaker 1: treasuries and other jurisdictions. But I think you have to 114 00:06:10,880 --> 00:06:13,359 Speaker 1: put that into context of two things. Is one, what's 115 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:16,640 Speaker 1: the risk free rate within those individual jurisdictions and in 116 00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:19,680 Speaker 1: those currencies. And secondly, if you do all of the 117 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:21,919 Speaker 1: currency hedging that you need to do, and you and 118 00:06:22,040 --> 00:06:27,400 Speaker 1: you assets swap back Japanese debt into US dollars, what 119 00:06:27,520 --> 00:06:30,039 Speaker 1: you end up what you end up finding is that 120 00:06:30,360 --> 00:06:32,919 Speaker 1: Japanese yields are actually higher after you do all the 121 00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:36,159 Speaker 1: currency hedging that you need to do. So, um, you know, 122 00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:38,480 Speaker 1: it's not something that an individual investor can really take 123 00:06:38,480 --> 00:06:41,680 Speaker 1: advantage of, but large institutional investors do these kinds of 124 00:06:41,720 --> 00:06:46,359 Speaker 1: trades all the time, where they'll buy a Japanese government 125 00:06:46,360 --> 00:06:49,599 Speaker 1: bond or Japanese TA bill and then hedge that back 126 00:06:49,600 --> 00:06:53,120 Speaker 1: into dollars and actually make thirty fifty basis points more 127 00:06:53,160 --> 00:06:56,720 Speaker 1: than the comparable US instrument. And I think that that's 128 00:06:56,760 --> 00:06:58,960 Speaker 1: something that gets missed a lot of times just looking 129 00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:01,280 Speaker 1: at you know, the new Fields being at zero and 130 00:07:01,440 --> 00:07:03,000 Speaker 1: U S Fields being a two and a half percent. 131 00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:07,039 Speaker 1: Thanks very much, Ira Jersey, much appreciated chief US interest 132 00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:27,280 Speaker 1: rates strategist for Bloomberg in intelligence. Right now, let us 133 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:31,120 Speaker 1: take a look at what we should be focusing on 134 00:07:31,240 --> 00:07:35,560 Speaker 1: in Bruce Biddles joins US now his chief investment strategist 135 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:39,120 Speaker 1: at BAARED based in Sarasota, Florida, where it is a 136 00:07:39,200 --> 00:07:42,160 Speaker 1: lot warmer than it is here in New York City. Bruce, 137 00:07:42,200 --> 00:07:46,640 Speaker 1: congratulations for picking the right place to be right now. Um, 138 00:07:46,680 --> 00:07:48,240 Speaker 1: so I want to get your sense on what we 139 00:07:48,280 --> 00:07:51,520 Speaker 1: can expect this year, and I want to start with 140 00:07:52,200 --> 00:07:57,920 Speaker 1: your perception of what did you get most wrong? And 141 00:07:57,960 --> 00:08:02,520 Speaker 1: then what are you most confident about coming into Yeah, 142 00:08:02,560 --> 00:08:06,240 Speaker 1: well that's I think what we got most wrong was 143 00:08:06,280 --> 00:08:10,920 Speaker 1: the uh was the strength of the rally. I mean, 144 00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:14,559 Speaker 1: we came into the year believing that UM. The change 145 00:08:14,560 --> 00:08:19,520 Speaker 1: of administration's UM in November of two thousand and sixteen 146 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:22,360 Speaker 1: was bullish for the market because we had a business 147 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:25,360 Speaker 1: friendly administration coming into power, and we felt that that 148 00:08:25,440 --> 00:08:27,920 Speaker 1: was going to be Bullishit influence on the markets all year, 149 00:08:28,680 --> 00:08:31,920 Speaker 1: but we didn't expect the SMP five on it or 150 00:08:31,960 --> 00:08:34,680 Speaker 1: the data rally as much as they did. But certainly 151 00:08:34,679 --> 00:08:37,319 Speaker 1: we had the direction correct, A right, if you had 152 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:39,360 Speaker 1: the direction correct, I wonder if you could just ask 153 00:08:39,800 --> 00:08:43,000 Speaker 1: answer this question about the direction of the tax overhaul 154 00:08:43,040 --> 00:08:45,640 Speaker 1: bill and what that'll do to stocks? Well, will we 155 00:08:45,679 --> 00:08:49,000 Speaker 1: see increased buybacks, increased dividends, Will we see stocks move 156 00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:53,080 Speaker 1: higher because of this repatriation of money? I think the 157 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:57,800 Speaker 1: tax legislation that passed UM in late December is certainly 158 00:08:57,800 --> 00:08:59,599 Speaker 1: going to help the economy and if that helps the 159 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:02,880 Speaker 1: account me as expected, UM is certainly going to produce 160 00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:05,559 Speaker 1: stronger top line growth and that should lead to stronger 161 00:09:06,280 --> 00:09:10,240 Speaker 1: profit growth. Now we expect profits to grow about twelve 162 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:14,479 Speaker 1: or thirteen percent in two thousand and eighteen. Now, historically, 163 00:09:14,480 --> 00:09:18,480 Speaker 1: if profits rise eleven percent every year, the stock market 164 00:09:18,520 --> 00:09:23,280 Speaker 1: typically responds with a very strong upward bias. Now, the 165 00:09:23,440 --> 00:09:27,680 Speaker 1: risk to that environment, or that the strategy would be 166 00:09:27,720 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: if the economy didn't respond, is expected. But I believe 167 00:09:31,400 --> 00:09:33,680 Speaker 1: you'll see a mixture when the money comes back to 168 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:37,600 Speaker 1: the US. You'll see some stock buy back, some increases 169 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:41,640 Speaker 1: in dividends, but you'll also see an increase in capital spending. 170 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:45,560 Speaker 1: And UM that that I believe is going to be 171 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:48,000 Speaker 1: a very bullish element for the market in two thousand 172 00:09:48,040 --> 00:09:51,960 Speaker 1: and eighteen. So you think that the US stock markets 173 00:09:51,960 --> 00:09:54,000 Speaker 1: are going to do pretty well. Does that mean that 174 00:09:54,080 --> 00:09:59,840 Speaker 1: you're pretty bearish on bonds. No, we're not really bearish 175 00:10:00,080 --> 00:10:02,200 Speaker 1: bonds that we think interest rates are likely to go 176 00:10:02,360 --> 00:10:06,360 Speaker 1: somewhat higher now. UM short race, of course are going up. 177 00:10:06,400 --> 00:10:08,960 Speaker 1: But the yield on the bench bar tenure Treasury note 178 00:10:09,360 --> 00:10:12,439 Speaker 1: finished the year about where it started. You'll think about 179 00:10:12,480 --> 00:10:15,320 Speaker 1: two point four percent. I think it can give up 180 00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:18,400 Speaker 1: to about two point seven seven five percent, perhaps before 181 00:10:18,400 --> 00:10:22,280 Speaker 1: the markets would be negatively impacted, maybe even three percent 182 00:10:22,360 --> 00:10:26,240 Speaker 1: on the tenure. But I don't see the inflationary pressures 183 00:10:26,280 --> 00:10:29,959 Speaker 1: building the way some folks do. Now. Yes, Um, the 184 00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:34,280 Speaker 1: economy now has filled the output gap. That's something to 185 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:38,199 Speaker 1: watch closely and of course, we're very close to full employment, 186 00:10:38,240 --> 00:10:41,480 Speaker 1: which should we should certainly start to see some wage games. 187 00:10:42,040 --> 00:10:45,160 Speaker 1: But I think this is the very early cycle in inflation, 188 00:10:45,840 --> 00:10:47,600 Speaker 1: and I don't think it's going to rise to the 189 00:10:47,679 --> 00:10:50,880 Speaker 1: levels that that could upset the bondom market or the 190 00:10:50,920 --> 00:10:53,880 Speaker 1: stock market. We think inflation will probably be in the 191 00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:56,560 Speaker 1: area of two point four percent in terms of CPI 192 00:10:56,760 --> 00:11:00,360 Speaker 1: for two thousand and eighteen. Bruce bittals they are a 193 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:03,920 Speaker 1: way you can describe for us the wall of worry? 194 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: What what is it and why? Maybe you don't believe it, 195 00:11:06,679 --> 00:11:09,120 Speaker 1: but maybe you could describe why do people believe that 196 00:11:09,160 --> 00:11:15,439 Speaker 1: it is an effective analogy? Well, I think the wall 197 00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:18,680 Speaker 1: of worry is certainly um something that helped the stock 198 00:11:18,760 --> 00:11:23,360 Speaker 1: market not only last year but throughout the bullor cycle 199 00:11:23,440 --> 00:11:26,040 Speaker 1: that began in two thousand and nine. I think the 200 00:11:26,080 --> 00:11:29,640 Speaker 1: fact that the Feller Reserve Board was responsible for so 201 00:11:29,720 --> 00:11:33,280 Speaker 1: much of the liquidity that was that was forced into 202 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:37,400 Speaker 1: the markets made people a little unsettled, and that and 203 00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:41,199 Speaker 1: the markets rallying every time a new quee program was 204 00:11:41,240 --> 00:11:44,400 Speaker 1: announced back in two thousand nine. Back in the eleven 205 00:11:44,440 --> 00:11:48,880 Speaker 1: peg and twelve, I think folks were worried that wants 206 00:11:48,920 --> 00:11:51,800 Speaker 1: to fit. Um pulled back from that policy that the 207 00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:56,079 Speaker 1: markets would will lose that support and collapse. But certainly 208 00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:58,600 Speaker 1: that has not been the case now. I think the 209 00:11:58,640 --> 00:12:01,880 Speaker 1: fact that Trump in the election in two thousand and 210 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:06,080 Speaker 1: sixth Team was another element. UM. A lot of folks 211 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:09,000 Speaker 1: felt that he would be disruptive and the markets would 212 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:12,160 Speaker 1: do poorly, and he asked the rhetoric out of Washington 213 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:15,880 Speaker 1: all year in two thousand and sevent Team was argumentative, 214 00:12:16,320 --> 00:12:19,199 Speaker 1: but I think that really helped the market. It kept 215 00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:24,960 Speaker 1: people UH from becoming um excessively optimistic. We don't see 216 00:12:24,960 --> 00:12:27,120 Speaker 1: any sign of you four you really, except if you 217 00:12:27,160 --> 00:12:30,440 Speaker 1: look at bitcoins for instance. But in the stock market, 218 00:12:30,480 --> 00:12:33,079 Speaker 1: we don't see it. Now. There's optimism, there's no question, 219 00:12:33,880 --> 00:12:36,360 Speaker 1: but we don't see the type of optimism we saw 220 00:12:36,480 --> 00:12:40,640 Speaker 1: back in two thousand for instance. One everyone was bullish, 221 00:12:40,679 --> 00:12:43,880 Speaker 1: including the FED, on the fact that the business cycle 222 00:12:43,920 --> 00:12:47,200 Speaker 1: would probably be repealed because of the new technology. That's 223 00:12:47,240 --> 00:12:50,679 Speaker 1: that's not the case here. Um. Yes, there's some excitement, 224 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:53,600 Speaker 1: but if you if you go through the financial journals 225 00:12:53,640 --> 00:12:56,440 Speaker 1: or the weekend, like I did, very very hard to 226 00:12:56,480 --> 00:13:00,520 Speaker 1: find a real bullish case expressed by anyone. Bruce I 227 00:13:00,559 --> 00:13:03,200 Speaker 1: want to go through some of the sector calls that 228 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:06,200 Speaker 1: you had in your latest note. I thought it was interesting. 229 00:13:06,760 --> 00:13:10,640 Speaker 1: One of the biggest upgrades was consumer discretionary companies that 230 00:13:10,720 --> 00:13:14,000 Speaker 1: you had within the US stock universe, and that's you know, 231 00:13:14,080 --> 00:13:17,319 Speaker 1: including home building and footwear, Caristinos in gaming, and this 232 00:13:17,400 --> 00:13:20,400 Speaker 1: is up from where you had placed this sector as 233 00:13:20,400 --> 00:13:24,960 Speaker 1: far as performance heading into ten. Why do you think 234 00:13:24,960 --> 00:13:27,760 Speaker 1: the consumers discretionary stocks are going to do better this year? 235 00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:32,760 Speaker 1: I think there's two reasons. First of all, Um, the 236 00:13:33,320 --> 00:13:38,120 Speaker 1: retail companies benefit great deal from the tax legislation. They 237 00:13:38,240 --> 00:13:42,200 Speaker 1: typically have paid full boat when it came time for 238 00:13:42,559 --> 00:13:45,640 Speaker 1: to pay their taxes, and I think they'll get a big, 239 00:13:45,679 --> 00:13:48,960 Speaker 1: big break because of the new legislation. The second part 240 00:13:48,960 --> 00:13:51,400 Speaker 1: of that equation is that the consumers also going to 241 00:13:51,400 --> 00:13:54,520 Speaker 1: get a break and they're going to be UM, They're 242 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:58,480 Speaker 1: gonna find more discretionary income in their pockets in two 243 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: thousand and eighteen. So you have that dual effect for 244 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:05,800 Speaker 1: consumer discretionary stocks. They'll benefit from the tax legislation themselves, 245 00:14:05,880 --> 00:14:09,920 Speaker 1: that will benefit from the consumer um having more disposable 246 00:14:10,000 --> 00:14:13,679 Speaker 1: income as a result of the new tax package. Bruce Bittles, 247 00:14:13,679 --> 00:14:16,200 Speaker 1: you mentioned bitcoin, and I'd be remiss if I didn't 248 00:14:16,240 --> 00:14:21,040 Speaker 1: get your thoughts on it. Well. Actually, um, I'm an 249 00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:23,760 Speaker 1: agnostic on bitcoin. I'm not sure what it really means. 250 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:26,520 Speaker 1: A lot of folks believe it's just a bubble that's 251 00:14:26,560 --> 00:14:28,440 Speaker 1: going to burst and going to hurt everything, and I 252 00:14:28,840 --> 00:14:33,160 Speaker 1: don't think that's particularly true. Certainly, this speculation there is 253 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:39,760 Speaker 1: is exorbitant, something we've never seen before. But nevertheless, it's 254 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:42,680 Speaker 1: not in any way or shape or fashion the size 255 00:14:42,720 --> 00:14:47,400 Speaker 1: of these speculations we saw back in Internet stocks. So 256 00:14:47,880 --> 00:14:53,000 Speaker 1: even the bitcoin exploded and imploded, I mean, I don't 257 00:14:53,040 --> 00:14:56,200 Speaker 1: think it would affect anything at all. So whether there's 258 00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:58,200 Speaker 1: a future there or not, I have no idea. But 259 00:14:58,400 --> 00:15:01,320 Speaker 1: my guess is that will start. We'll probably see lower 260 00:15:01,360 --> 00:15:03,720 Speaker 1: prices are a bit corn before we see higher. Well, 261 00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:05,640 Speaker 1: I want to thank you very much. Bruce Biddles is 262 00:15:05,680 --> 00:15:10,040 Speaker 1: the chief investment strategist for Baired and Company, joining us 263 00:15:10,320 --> 00:15:14,120 Speaker 1: from Sara Sota, Florida, talking about his outlook for what's 264 00:15:14,160 --> 00:15:17,160 Speaker 1: going on in UH stocks and also in the bond market. 265 00:15:31,800 --> 00:15:34,840 Speaker 1: We wish Jamie butter is our US auto reporter, a 266 00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:38,520 Speaker 1: happy eighteen. Good to have you with us. Jamie, your 267 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:42,320 Speaker 1: story today has to do with car loans, and I'm 268 00:15:42,320 --> 00:15:44,040 Speaker 1: wondering if you could just put this whole idea of 269 00:15:44,080 --> 00:15:48,360 Speaker 1: car loans in the context of the rebates and the 270 00:15:48,480 --> 00:15:51,160 Speaker 1: offers that are being made. You can't help but see 271 00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:55,000 Speaker 1: a television commercial for an automobile maker. I was looking 272 00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:59,320 Speaker 1: at one Chevrolet, I believe, extending their employee discount to 273 00:15:59,760 --> 00:16:06,000 Speaker 1: any one that comes in. If you're offering like you know, off, 274 00:16:06,040 --> 00:16:10,640 Speaker 1: this can't be a great market, or am I missing something? Well, um, 275 00:16:10,680 --> 00:16:13,640 Speaker 1: it's it's not a it's not a perfect market, but 276 00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:16,240 Speaker 1: it's still a pretty pretty darn good market. Uh. And 277 00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:19,160 Speaker 1: you're not, You're not missing anything. But it's that time 278 00:16:19,200 --> 00:16:23,440 Speaker 1: of year where you get some sales. Right. People are 279 00:16:23,480 --> 00:16:26,000 Speaker 1: trying to clear out their old inventory. If you have, 280 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:30,920 Speaker 1: you know, seen models still out on dealer lots. Uh, 281 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:33,560 Speaker 1: you know maybe you missed times something or somebody else 282 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,520 Speaker 1: ransom discounts and and left you with too much inventory. 283 00:16:36,760 --> 00:16:38,560 Speaker 1: You just got to get rid of those, right, because 284 00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:40,920 Speaker 1: if you're selling, even if it's never been driven, if 285 00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:46,200 Speaker 1: you're selling in calendar year eighteen, uh, you're going to 286 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:49,040 Speaker 1: have to give that car away. Well, so they're just 287 00:16:49,120 --> 00:16:52,280 Speaker 1: counting heavily in December and that that helps out. Okay, 288 00:16:52,280 --> 00:16:54,760 Speaker 1: so so they're just counting heavily, but it isn't that bad. 289 00:16:54,800 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 1: It's still pretty good. That said, definitely, sales are slowing. 290 00:16:59,480 --> 00:17:03,120 Speaker 1: There was first annual sales decline in the US of 291 00:17:03,160 --> 00:17:06,560 Speaker 1: automobile since two thousand and nine. And you spoke to 292 00:17:06,600 --> 00:17:09,439 Speaker 1: some analysts who widely think that this year will be 293 00:17:09,480 --> 00:17:12,920 Speaker 1: more of the same. Why, yeah, we're so it's reverting, 294 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:16,840 Speaker 1: We're reverting to the mean. Basically, the view is that 295 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:20,600 Speaker 1: probably normal you know, normal demand in the US might 296 00:17:20,600 --> 00:17:23,440 Speaker 1: be sixteen and a half million new cars and light 297 00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:26,919 Speaker 1: trucks each year. We were well below that in the 298 00:17:26,960 --> 00:17:29,359 Speaker 1: two thousand nine, two thousand ten, so we had some 299 00:17:29,400 --> 00:17:32,080 Speaker 1: pent up demand. So we kind of overswung and we 300 00:17:32,160 --> 00:17:34,439 Speaker 1: got to you know, seventeen and a half seventeen six, 301 00:17:34,800 --> 00:17:38,120 Speaker 1: and now we're coming back, you know, probably seventeen two seventeen, 302 00:17:38,800 --> 00:17:41,320 Speaker 1: maybe another half million down next year, maybe not quite 303 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:43,879 Speaker 1: that much. We'll see um. And so it's sort of 304 00:17:43,920 --> 00:17:46,120 Speaker 1: getting its way back and and and there's a lot 305 00:17:46,160 --> 00:17:48,119 Speaker 1: of optimism, you know for those of us who have 306 00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:51,800 Speaker 1: been watching these guys for so long, I mean, uh, 307 00:17:51,920 --> 00:17:56,639 Speaker 1: in the that they're allowing sales to actually decline a 308 00:17:56,680 --> 00:18:00,280 Speaker 1: little bit. Um is a is surprised. It's kind of 309 00:18:00,280 --> 00:18:03,000 Speaker 1: thing that they weren't doing before. For so many years, 310 00:18:03,000 --> 00:18:06,600 Speaker 1: it was so much about scale, and there was, you know, 311 00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:09,400 Speaker 1: the ethos, the mindset of the industry was you had 312 00:18:09,400 --> 00:18:12,119 Speaker 1: to be bigger, bigger, bigger, And you know, GM, with 313 00:18:12,160 --> 00:18:15,600 Speaker 1: its bankruptcy really taught us, you know, you can't always 314 00:18:15,640 --> 00:18:18,479 Speaker 1: do that, but that isn't always the way. And so 315 00:18:18,520 --> 00:18:20,440 Speaker 1: now they're leaner and they can they can afford to 316 00:18:20,480 --> 00:18:23,080 Speaker 1: be a little smarter. Okay, So Jamie, you're painting a 317 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,959 Speaker 1: pretty rosy picture that the decline in sales is at 318 00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:30,639 Speaker 1: least in part by design, and that the automakers are 319 00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:33,280 Speaker 1: allowing this to happen. But on the flip side, you 320 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:37,439 Speaker 1: are seeing the expectation of rising rates this year. We 321 00:18:37,480 --> 00:18:42,720 Speaker 1: already have seen overnight rates rise this year's last year. Rather, Um, 322 00:18:42,840 --> 00:18:46,000 Speaker 1: I'm just struggling with pairing that and the idea that 323 00:18:45,920 --> 00:18:49,040 Speaker 1: the credit is less available in some ways or will 324 00:18:49,080 --> 00:18:51,919 Speaker 1: become less available, And is this something that they're going 325 00:18:51,960 --> 00:18:55,520 Speaker 1: to be kind of they're forced to make it sound rosy. Yeah, well, 326 00:18:55,520 --> 00:18:57,800 Speaker 1: we do have to keep an eye on incentives next 327 00:18:57,880 --> 00:19:00,480 Speaker 1: year because you know, so you know, with volume above 328 00:19:00,520 --> 00:19:02,960 Speaker 1: sixteen and a half, everybody should be making lots of money, 329 00:19:03,240 --> 00:19:06,040 Speaker 1: even if they're discounting their vehicles a bit. But in 330 00:19:06,119 --> 00:19:09,679 Speaker 1: a in a tightening market, you get executives whose you know, 331 00:19:09,760 --> 00:19:13,040 Speaker 1: compensation is geared around market share, maintaining market share, even 332 00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:15,439 Speaker 1: gaining market share, and trying to do that in a 333 00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:18,640 Speaker 1: tide market, things could get messy and you we could 334 00:19:18,680 --> 00:19:20,159 Speaker 1: start to see I mean, we got to keep our 335 00:19:20,200 --> 00:19:23,520 Speaker 1: eye on all the companies that that that Lee have 336 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:26,600 Speaker 1: leaned on incentives in the past and gotten themselves in trouble, 337 00:19:26,600 --> 00:19:30,800 Speaker 1: whether that's you know, GM, you know has their employee pricing. Now, 338 00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:33,159 Speaker 1: you know, if they can't turn that off at the 339 00:19:33,240 --> 00:19:34,800 Speaker 1: end of if they didn't turn that off at the 340 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:37,240 Speaker 1: end of December like usual, that could be a problem. 341 00:19:37,320 --> 00:19:40,280 Speaker 1: Chrysler's one in the past has been a problem. Uh, 342 00:19:40,320 --> 00:19:42,800 Speaker 1: they've really overrelied. Obviously, we want to keep an eye 343 00:19:42,840 --> 00:19:47,040 Speaker 1: on Nissan and Hunt and some others because uh, things 344 00:19:47,080 --> 00:19:50,080 Speaker 1: could get could get messy. But in theory, they all 345 00:19:50,080 --> 00:19:51,879 Speaker 1: see it coming and they're and they're going to manage 346 00:19:51,920 --> 00:19:55,359 Speaker 1: for it and and not uh, you know, shoot themselves 347 00:19:55,359 --> 00:19:59,720 Speaker 1: in the foot. Yeah, thank you so much for joining us, 348 00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:02,520 Speaker 1: and happy New Year to you. Jamie Butter's is US 349 00:20:02,640 --> 00:20:06,600 Speaker 1: autos reporter for Bloomberg News, coming to us from our 350 00:20:06,640 --> 00:20:09,280 Speaker 1: Detroit bureau. And this is sort of a big question, 351 00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:12,280 Speaker 1: uh him that I have frankly, which is, as you 352 00:20:12,359 --> 00:20:16,200 Speaker 1: get rising rates, a lot of the loans that are 353 00:20:16,280 --> 00:20:19,080 Speaker 1: extended to people for cars are floating rate. They're going 354 00:20:19,160 --> 00:20:20,679 Speaker 1: to be some of the most affected. So it'll be 355 00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:41,200 Speaker 1: interesting to see what happens here. Yesterday, Californians were lining 356 00:20:41,359 --> 00:20:45,879 Speaker 1: up to buy recreational marijuana legally for the first time 357 00:20:45,920 --> 00:20:49,680 Speaker 1: as a new law went into effect. What the implications 358 00:20:49,760 --> 00:20:52,760 Speaker 1: of this law are, Perhaps Chris Levy is the best 359 00:20:52,800 --> 00:20:55,760 Speaker 1: position to tell us. He is co chairman and partner 360 00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:59,159 Speaker 1: of Men, which is based in Los Angeles and is 361 00:20:59,160 --> 00:21:05,560 Speaker 1: devoted to helping with the infrastructure behind growing marijuana legally. Uh, 362 00:21:05,600 --> 00:21:09,440 Speaker 1: and he joins us. Now, Chris, first, did I describe 363 00:21:09,480 --> 00:21:12,840 Speaker 1: med men correctly? And second of all, how significant are 364 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,480 Speaker 1: the implications of this new law that goes into affecting California. Well, 365 00:21:17,640 --> 00:21:23,160 Speaker 1: the implications for the new laws are very significant. Um. 366 00:21:23,280 --> 00:21:26,560 Speaker 1: If you look at the market size in California for 367 00:21:26,800 --> 00:21:30,639 Speaker 1: legal marijuana, was a little over two billion, two billion, 368 00:21:31,400 --> 00:21:34,760 Speaker 1: and we think the market potential with about US legalization 369 00:21:35,720 --> 00:21:40,520 Speaker 1: UH is up to seven billion Chris, a threefold increase, 370 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:45,040 Speaker 1: Chris abt what fort as much as of the cost 371 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:53,360 Speaker 1: of legal cannabis are taxes? Correct? Significant portion um? Yeah, 372 00:21:53,400 --> 00:21:59,720 Speaker 1: significant portion um. Not necessarily number, but yeah, significan portional taxes. 373 00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:02,359 Speaker 1: There's it out about it. UM. That's obviously part of 374 00:22:02,359 --> 00:22:07,040 Speaker 1: what makes this a win win UM, you know, for 375 00:22:07,119 --> 00:22:10,359 Speaker 1: both consumers and governments. Okay, So that's where I was 376 00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:12,920 Speaker 1: going with this, is that the local governments they are 377 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:17,600 Speaker 1: satisfied with this because why they can, of course make 378 00:22:17,640 --> 00:22:20,840 Speaker 1: a lot of money. We've noted that Massachusetts is going 379 00:22:20,880 --> 00:22:24,439 Speaker 1: to be selling retail marijuana that starts July one. Maine 380 00:22:24,440 --> 00:22:29,320 Speaker 1: has approved that, Colorado, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, Nevada. Will this 381 00:22:29,520 --> 00:22:34,800 Speaker 1: tip the federal government into allowing marijuana businesses to access 382 00:22:34,960 --> 00:22:41,800 Speaker 1: the legal financial industry? Well, the marijuana business UM can 383 00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:46,560 Speaker 1: already access the financial industry. The Department of Treasury UM 384 00:22:46,560 --> 00:22:52,880 Speaker 1: approved guidelines in around banking in legal cannabis, and there's 385 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:57,600 Speaker 1: now over three hundred financial institutions that engage UM in 386 00:22:57,800 --> 00:23:02,800 Speaker 1: some foreign banking in the marijuana industry. But your bigger question, Um, 387 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:05,119 Speaker 1: I do think that this um, that there was a 388 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:11,560 Speaker 1: real watershed with the election in November. And when you 389 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:14,760 Speaker 1: look at the trend towards legalization at the state level, 390 00:23:15,400 --> 00:23:18,120 Speaker 1: I do think it's inevitable that at the federal level 391 00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:23,720 Speaker 1: we will see policy continue to to loosen up, and 392 00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:27,760 Speaker 1: eventually we believe we will see full legalization at the 393 00:23:27,760 --> 00:23:32,680 Speaker 1: federal level. Chris, you previously oversaw a hundred and fifteen 394 00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:37,840 Speaker 1: billion dollars of fundamental equities at Black Rock. Investing in 395 00:23:38,119 --> 00:23:43,120 Speaker 1: the marijuana industry seems pretty far removed from that world. 396 00:23:43,480 --> 00:23:46,400 Speaker 1: And I'm wondering do your former colleagues still kind of 397 00:23:46,880 --> 00:23:48,840 Speaker 1: look at what you do as sort of, you know, 398 00:23:48,880 --> 00:23:52,440 Speaker 1: eyebrows raised and saying, oh, yeah, you're investing in marijuana, 399 00:23:52,480 --> 00:23:54,600 Speaker 1: did you try some or whatever else joke you can 400 00:23:54,640 --> 00:23:59,640 Speaker 1: insert there. Um, has it hard to be treated differently now? Yeah? 401 00:23:59,680 --> 00:24:04,919 Speaker 1: And I say that that shift happened a little while back, um, 402 00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:08,040 Speaker 1: And remember that I work in a community of investors, 403 00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:11,679 Speaker 1: and investors are all about the business and is this 404 00:24:11,720 --> 00:24:14,359 Speaker 1: a good industry or not? And when you look at 405 00:24:14,400 --> 00:24:18,240 Speaker 1: the business characteristics of the marijuana industry, how they're very 406 00:24:18,280 --> 00:24:22,400 Speaker 1: They're very compelling, and most of my colleagues from Wall 407 00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:27,280 Speaker 1: Street get that. Well, will it be as compelling while 408 00:24:27,320 --> 00:24:31,480 Speaker 1: it's made even more legal and accessible. Isn't part of 409 00:24:31,520 --> 00:24:37,400 Speaker 1: the popularity that it is not legal and accessible to everyone? Well? Now, 410 00:24:37,440 --> 00:24:40,679 Speaker 1: from a demand perspective, UM and I should note that 411 00:24:40,720 --> 00:24:45,240 Speaker 1: we we support full legalization and we support full legalization 412 00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:49,040 Speaker 1: at the federal level because we think it makes both, Um, 413 00:24:49,080 --> 00:24:51,440 Speaker 1: it makes sense for society and also makes sense for business. 414 00:24:52,320 --> 00:24:55,560 Speaker 1: And uh no, I think as we open up the market, UM, 415 00:24:55,600 --> 00:24:59,280 Speaker 1: that's going to create more and more opportunities for for 416 00:24:59,359 --> 00:25:02,560 Speaker 1: the players, especially for the players who have scale. And 417 00:25:02,640 --> 00:25:06,440 Speaker 1: given the scale that we have, UM, we think we're 418 00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:08,960 Speaker 1: positioned to benefit from all that. Well, having said that, 419 00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:13,480 Speaker 1: will the industry then also take legal responsibility for any 420 00:25:13,800 --> 00:25:18,720 Speaker 1: potential problems that happen as a result of the consumption 421 00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:21,439 Speaker 1: of legal cannabis? I mean, I think for example, of 422 00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:26,520 Speaker 1: liquor establishments, and you know, if you drive after having 423 00:25:26,560 --> 00:25:31,240 Speaker 1: a drink, you're going to be legally responsible for what happens. Yeah, 424 00:25:31,280 --> 00:25:34,640 Speaker 1: I mean, we'll leave that up to the regulators UM 425 00:25:35,520 --> 00:25:39,000 Speaker 1: and uh to determine that on a city vice city basis, 426 00:25:39,880 --> 00:25:41,560 Speaker 1: But what I will say is when you look at 427 00:25:41,600 --> 00:25:47,200 Speaker 1: the fast round cannabis, um, you know this is something 428 00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:52,399 Speaker 1: that that's used responsibly, is really similar and in some 429 00:25:52,520 --> 00:25:56,280 Speaker 1: metrics safer than alcohol. You know, if you look through 430 00:25:56,520 --> 00:26:01,720 Speaker 1: Colorado for instance, UM, you know the UY related incidences 431 00:26:01,800 --> 00:26:06,480 Speaker 1: are are down. Chris, just real quick, whatever turn has been, like, say, 432 00:26:06,600 --> 00:26:11,720 Speaker 1: for last year in marijuana related investments, come again with 433 00:26:11,720 --> 00:26:15,520 Speaker 1: a question, what were returns like last year for marijuana 434 00:26:15,520 --> 00:26:19,399 Speaker 1: related investments? Well, there there really is not much of 435 00:26:19,440 --> 00:26:24,560 Speaker 1: a public stock market in the US. The point Tom, 436 00:26:24,640 --> 00:26:28,040 Speaker 1: if we look north as the border in Canada, Um, 437 00:26:28,119 --> 00:26:31,719 Speaker 1: you know the returns were We're off the charts. How 438 00:26:31,800 --> 00:26:34,600 Speaker 1: those thoughted extremely Well, all right, we gotta we gotta, 439 00:26:34,640 --> 00:26:36,320 Speaker 1: we gotta run. We want to thank you very much. 440 00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:40,440 Speaker 1: Chris Levy is the co chairman and the partner at Medmen, 441 00:26:41,040 --> 00:26:46,679 Speaker 1: talking about investing in legal cannabis that began yesterday in California, 442 00:26:47,080 --> 00:26:51,399 Speaker 1: and we'll be updating you one results from those continued sales. 443 00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:57,080 Speaker 1: Thanks for listening to the Bloomberg P and L podcast. 444 00:26:57,400 --> 00:27:01,320 Speaker 1: You can subscribe and listen to interviews at Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, 445 00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:04,880 Speaker 1: or whatever podcast platform you prefer. I'm Pim Fox I'm 446 00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:08,480 Speaker 1: on Twitter at pim Fox. I'm on Twitter at Lisa 447 00:27:08,520 --> 00:27:11,639 Speaker 1: Abramowits one before the podcast. You can always catch us 448 00:27:11,680 --> 00:27:13,280 Speaker 1: worldwide on Bluebirg Radio