1 00:00:00,760 --> 00:00:03,840 Speaker 1: This is Latino USA, the Radio Journal of News and 2 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:09,440 Speaker 1: Kurturre Latino USA. Latino USA. I'm Maria Inojosa. We bring 3 00:00:09,480 --> 00:00:12,840 Speaker 1: you stories that are underreported but that mattered to you, 4 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:14,680 Speaker 1: overlooked by the rest of the media. 5 00:00:14,480 --> 00:00:16,360 Speaker 2: And while the country is struggling. 6 00:00:15,880 --> 00:00:17,880 Speaker 1: To deal with these, we listen to the stories of 7 00:00:17,960 --> 00:00:22,440 Speaker 1: Black and Latino Studios United, Latino Front, a cultural renaissance 8 00:00:22,800 --> 00:00:25,360 Speaker 1: organizing at the forefront of the movement. 9 00:00:26,079 --> 00:00:28,600 Speaker 2: I'm Maria Inojosa. Nose bayan. 10 00:00:30,920 --> 00:00:34,920 Speaker 1: Ola Latino USA. Listener. Here's a show from the archives. 11 00:00:34,960 --> 00:00:37,960 Speaker 1: This one won the twenty twenty two one World Media 12 00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:44,520 Speaker 1: Award for Refugee Reporting. So here's this award winning episode. 13 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:50,680 Speaker 3: Women tend to stay in small rooms that are rented, 14 00:00:51,159 --> 00:00:53,239 Speaker 3: you know, not so much in the shelters that they 15 00:00:53,280 --> 00:00:57,960 Speaker 3: have the option. Women tend to try to get false 16 00:00:58,000 --> 00:01:01,560 Speaker 3: documentation that will help them get on buses or ride 17 00:01:01,680 --> 00:01:07,080 Speaker 3: in cars, or go around checkpoints walking that kind of thing, 18 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:12,319 Speaker 3: but in different routes then men would traditionally take. You know, 19 00:01:12,400 --> 00:01:14,720 Speaker 3: the women who I've talked to over the years, they 20 00:01:14,959 --> 00:01:20,120 Speaker 3: absolutely are thinking about how to protect their bodies, but 21 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:23,840 Speaker 3: also how to use their bodies to move through extremely 22 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:27,199 Speaker 3: difficult situations. 23 00:01:30,160 --> 00:01:34,360 Speaker 1: From Fudro Media and PRX it's Latino USA. I'm Mariao Posa. 24 00:01:34,840 --> 00:01:39,639 Speaker 1: Today she migrates the stories from women making journeys north 25 00:01:39,720 --> 00:01:49,360 Speaker 1: to the United States. Before we start, there is a 26 00:01:49,440 --> 00:01:54,040 Speaker 1: mention of sexual violence in this episode. In a new 27 00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:58,160 Speaker 1: migration reality, the one that we're living through, women and 28 00:01:58,280 --> 00:02:02,800 Speaker 1: children are requesting asylum in Mexico it higher rates than men. 29 00:02:03,640 --> 00:02:07,120 Speaker 1: But even as more and more women are crossing borders 30 00:02:07,160 --> 00:02:11,000 Speaker 1: on long and dangerous journeys, many hoping ultimately to get 31 00:02:11,040 --> 00:02:14,800 Speaker 1: to the United States, you rarely hear about their stories 32 00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:18,720 Speaker 1: and what it's like, specifically to migrate as an undocumented 33 00:02:18,760 --> 00:02:21,560 Speaker 1: person when you're a woman or you identify as one. 34 00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:26,600 Speaker 1: For women, their bodies take on a central role when 35 00:02:26,600 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: they're in transit, regardless of their age. Some, for example, 36 00:02:30,600 --> 00:02:33,240 Speaker 1: are forced to disguise their gender for their own protection. 37 00:02:33,800 --> 00:02:36,720 Speaker 1: Others end up using it as a form of survival. 38 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:40,960 Speaker 1: But in the end, so many are victimized just because 39 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:46,200 Speaker 1: of their gender, and because so many of them are mothers, 40 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:50,120 Speaker 1: many will end up carrying their children with them. Latino 41 00:02:50,240 --> 00:02:54,760 Speaker 1: USA editor Marta Martinez and reporter Alejandra Sanchez in SUNSA 42 00:02:55,160 --> 00:02:58,920 Speaker 1: traveled to chap Us in southern Mexico. Here's their reporting 43 00:02:58,960 --> 00:03:03,120 Speaker 1: about migrant women in different stages on their way north. 44 00:03:09,320 --> 00:03:15,560 Speaker 1: Part one Girlhood, the body as a disguise and Marta 45 00:03:15,600 --> 00:03:17,240 Speaker 1: Martinez is going to take it from here. 46 00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:30,119 Speaker 2: It's midday in Palinke Chiappas, and it's very hot. There's 47 00:03:30,160 --> 00:03:33,080 Speaker 2: a group of some eight boys sitting on the sidewalk, 48 00:03:33,240 --> 00:03:36,360 Speaker 2: cramped under the shade of a small tree, just yards 49 00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:38,640 Speaker 2: away from the migrant shelter where they spent the night 50 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:43,800 Speaker 2: a few days earlier. Last May, they had left on Luras, 51 00:03:43,880 --> 00:03:47,800 Speaker 2: their home country, crossing first into Gatemala and then into 52 00:03:47,880 --> 00:03:51,600 Speaker 2: southern Mexico. They walked more than one hundred miles through 53 00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:54,840 Speaker 2: the humid, mountainous jungle to get to the city of Palinke, 54 00:03:55,280 --> 00:03:59,720 Speaker 2: mostly known for its Mayan ruins, but also especially two migrants, 55 00:04:00,080 --> 00:04:02,920 Speaker 2: as one of the few cities along Mexico's southern border 56 00:04:03,040 --> 00:04:09,000 Speaker 2: with shelter facilities. The boys are between fifteen and twenty 57 00:04:09,040 --> 00:04:11,920 Speaker 2: one years old. They all have the same destination goal. 58 00:04:12,400 --> 00:04:15,200 Speaker 2: One of them even wears it stamped on his converse sneakers, 59 00:04:15,560 --> 00:04:18,279 Speaker 2: the red, white and blue pattern of the US flag. 60 00:04:19,920 --> 00:04:22,880 Speaker 2: One of the boys has a fresh haircut, the bottom 61 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:25,720 Speaker 2: half of the skull shaved, the top half tied in 62 00:04:25,760 --> 00:04:28,479 Speaker 2: a high bun. It takes a while to realize that 63 00:04:28,640 --> 00:04:34,039 Speaker 2: he is actually a girl. Her name is Amaya. Amaya 64 00:04:34,040 --> 00:04:36,920 Speaker 2: recently turned fifteen, but she didn't celebrate with a big 65 00:04:36,960 --> 00:04:39,680 Speaker 2: party like girls in Latin America usually do when they 66 00:04:39,680 --> 00:04:42,960 Speaker 2: turn this age. Less than a month after her birthday, 67 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:45,480 Speaker 2: she packed her things in a backpack and left her 68 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:48,880 Speaker 2: parents home in a rush, joining a couple of friends 69 00:04:48,960 --> 00:04:52,920 Speaker 2: and two distant cousins. She left with five thousand lampitas 70 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:56,360 Speaker 2: some two hundred dollars, but when we talked, she already 71 00:04:56,360 --> 00:04:57,400 Speaker 2: had no money left. 72 00:04:57,960 --> 00:05:13,360 Speaker 4: Co suky oh no, yeah, different, Amilia. 73 00:05:14,600 --> 00:05:17,239 Speaker 2: Her dream is making it to the United States, where 74 00:05:17,360 --> 00:05:20,040 Speaker 2: she believes she'll be able to work and earn more 75 00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:23,840 Speaker 2: money than she could ever do in Honduras. In her 76 00:05:23,839 --> 00:05:28,279 Speaker 2: hometown of Santa Barbara, there are no jobs. There's nothing. Amaya. 77 00:05:28,360 --> 00:05:37,080 Speaker 2: Sasas is the most unequal country in the Americas. Sixty 78 00:05:37,120 --> 00:05:40,240 Speaker 2: percent of the population is poor, and for over a decade, 79 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:42,880 Speaker 2: the country has held one of the highest murder rates 80 00:05:42,920 --> 00:05:46,560 Speaker 2: in the world, especially against women, and one in six 81 00:05:46,640 --> 00:05:52,120 Speaker 2: girls has experienced sexual violence. Its population is also very young. 82 00:05:52,880 --> 00:05:56,560 Speaker 2: Almost half of all Hondurans are younger than twenty, but 83 00:05:56,640 --> 00:06:00,720 Speaker 2: the increasing violence by organized crime, the unsustainable stortion and 84 00:06:00,760 --> 00:06:05,200 Speaker 2: recruitment by street gangs, high unemployment and inflation are leaving 85 00:06:05,240 --> 00:06:10,560 Speaker 2: young Endurance without opportunities in their home country. If all 86 00:06:10,640 --> 00:06:14,159 Speaker 2: that wasn't enough to push thousands of Hodurance to migrate 87 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:17,800 Speaker 2: every year in twenty twenty, the COVID nineteen pandemic and 88 00:06:17,920 --> 00:06:22,200 Speaker 2: two devastating back to back hurricanes sun Conduras even deeper, 89 00:06:22,880 --> 00:06:26,360 Speaker 2: driving even more people like Amaya to leave. In the 90 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:29,520 Speaker 2: first seven months of twenty twenty, nine hundred and four 91 00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:33,880 Speaker 2: unaccompanied minors requested asylum in Mexico, almost double the number 92 00:06:34,160 --> 00:06:38,000 Speaker 2: for all of twenty twenty. The vast majority were Hondurant children. 93 00:06:39,200 --> 00:06:41,440 Speaker 2: Amaya had her hair cut for free at the migrant 94 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:44,160 Speaker 2: shelter in Balinki the day before we met her her 95 00:06:44,200 --> 00:06:45,400 Speaker 2: big sister Verlo. 96 00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:52,840 Speaker 4: Okay, as you know, I think muchon yeah, Maria Jongwood. 97 00:06:52,839 --> 00:06:56,160 Speaker 2: I mean the short hair is an advantage, Amaya says, 98 00:06:56,279 --> 00:06:59,039 Speaker 2: because she doesn't stand out on the road. She wears 99 00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:02,320 Speaker 2: a gray hat, only the shaven half of her head exposed. 100 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:05,920 Speaker 2: Her black T shirt is actually more revealing. It has 101 00:07:05,920 --> 00:07:08,919 Speaker 2: a mini mouse bow printed on her chest and the 102 00:07:08,960 --> 00:07:11,440 Speaker 2: pink brass trap picks out from her t shirt neck. 103 00:07:12,600 --> 00:07:15,240 Speaker 2: On the migrant road, being a young woman is an 104 00:07:15,240 --> 00:07:17,000 Speaker 2: added risk, and Amaya knows it. 105 00:07:17,320 --> 00:07:45,520 Speaker 5: Calica cont. 106 00:07:34,840 --> 00:07:34,920 Speaker 6: Yo. 107 00:07:36,880 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 2: Amaya knows that men pray on girls like her and 108 00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:42,600 Speaker 2: that she must stay alert at all times. She feels 109 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:45,000 Speaker 2: safe with this group of boys, though she says she 110 00:07:45,080 --> 00:07:48,800 Speaker 2: trusts they won't abandon her when they walk together. She 111 00:07:48,800 --> 00:07:52,120 Speaker 2: always walks in the middle on their long tracks across 112 00:07:52,120 --> 00:07:55,440 Speaker 2: southern Mexico. Migraines try to walk in big groups to 113 00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:59,680 Speaker 2: avoid getting mugged, kidnapped, or worse. Women and girls are 114 00:07:59,720 --> 00:08:04,239 Speaker 2: also overwhelmingly exposed to sexual abuse and targeted by traffickers. 115 00:08:04,560 --> 00:08:07,680 Speaker 2: It's hard to find reliable data on sexual violence against 116 00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:10,960 Speaker 2: migrant women because they don't usually talk about it and 117 00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:14,480 Speaker 2: they're often too scared to file police reports. According to 118 00:08:14,520 --> 00:08:18,760 Speaker 2: Mexico's National Health Institute, almost half of women migrating through 119 00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 2: the country have been sexually abused or have exchanged sex 120 00:08:22,280 --> 00:08:25,920 Speaker 2: for food, shelter, and anything else that would help them 121 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:29,560 Speaker 2: along their journey. It's even harder to find data on 122 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:33,439 Speaker 2: human and sex trafficking. One of the most obscure criminal 123 00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:37,480 Speaker 2: networks in Mexico and in many other countries. One of 124 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:41,280 Speaker 2: the few reports available is the US State Department's Trafficking 125 00:08:41,280 --> 00:08:45,200 Speaker 2: in Persons Report, which shows that in twenty twenty, almost 126 00:08:45,240 --> 00:08:49,440 Speaker 2: eighty percent of six hundred and seventy three victims identified 127 00:08:49,480 --> 00:08:54,160 Speaker 2: in Mexico where women and girls. The figure barely scratches 128 00:08:54,200 --> 00:09:07,640 Speaker 2: the surface. Advocates say when Amaya left Onduda's she had 129 00:09:07,679 --> 00:09:10,480 Speaker 2: already dropped out of school. She says that it took 130 00:09:10,520 --> 00:09:12,600 Speaker 2: her half an hour to get there, and she didn't 131 00:09:12,640 --> 00:09:16,080 Speaker 2: like her classes very much either. She enjoyed babysitting, though, 132 00:09:16,440 --> 00:09:18,960 Speaker 2: especially taking care of her niece, who still calls. 133 00:09:18,760 --> 00:09:25,800 Speaker 4: Her mom is Mama, I won't dabia. 134 00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:29,280 Speaker 2: Amaya says she'd like to have children one day, but 135 00:09:29,400 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 2: not until she's twenty five because it's a lot of 136 00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:32,480 Speaker 2: hard work. 137 00:09:33,320 --> 00:09:38,719 Speaker 4: Leventi sinko yeah, mayor de la momentore. 138 00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:43,120 Speaker 2: In Honduras, one in four girls has been pregnant at 139 00:09:43,200 --> 00:09:58,400 Speaker 2: least once before turning nineteen. The morning after we meet 140 00:09:58,440 --> 00:10:01,520 Speaker 2: Amaya and her group at fourth in the morning, one 141 00:10:01,559 --> 00:10:06,880 Speaker 2: of the years, but enough it's still pitch dark upside, 142 00:10:06,920 --> 00:10:09,200 Speaker 2: but they want to get going before the sun is 143 00:10:09,240 --> 00:10:11,960 Speaker 2: too harsh. Their goal for the day is getting to 144 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:15,280 Speaker 2: Salto Iagua, which is thirty five miles away, because that's 145 00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:20,400 Speaker 2: where the next migrant shelter is. They sip some black 146 00:10:20,400 --> 00:10:23,679 Speaker 2: coffee in plastic cups and smoke cigarettes. The group has 147 00:10:23,679 --> 00:10:26,680 Speaker 2: shrunk a bit. Some didn't want to wait and decided 148 00:10:26,720 --> 00:10:30,160 Speaker 2: to leave the evening before. There are now six boys 149 00:10:30,240 --> 00:10:34,640 Speaker 2: Plasa Maya. Their ultimate goal is to jump on La 150 00:10:34,720 --> 00:10:38,640 Speaker 2: Vestia or the Beast, the train heading to northern Mexico. 151 00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:42,319 Speaker 2: Part of the train route in Chiapa's has been discontinued 152 00:10:42,480 --> 00:10:46,640 Speaker 2: to give way to El Trenmaya, a big federal infrastructure project, 153 00:10:47,360 --> 00:10:49,520 Speaker 2: so now migrants have to walk an addition of two 154 00:10:49,640 --> 00:10:52,600 Speaker 2: hundred and twenty miles to the first train station in 155 00:10:52,679 --> 00:10:58,840 Speaker 2: quat Sa Quadkos. The group walks following the train tracks, 156 00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:01,880 Speaker 2: increasingly covered by weeds and stones due to the lack 157 00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:05,640 Speaker 2: of use. Several of them, including a maya whole thick 158 00:11:05,679 --> 00:11:09,280 Speaker 2: woodsticks the size of baseball bats to protect themselves in 159 00:11:09,320 --> 00:11:17,520 Speaker 2: case they're attacked. And that sound in the background, those 160 00:11:17,559 --> 00:11:25,280 Speaker 2: are the hauling monkeys hiding in the luscious trees. You 161 00:11:25,360 --> 00:11:28,360 Speaker 2: rarely see women walking on the train tracks by themselves, 162 00:11:28,520 --> 00:11:31,960 Speaker 2: let alone teenage girls like Amaya, and when they do, 163 00:11:32,240 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 2: they hide their gender. We meet the group again in 164 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:48,839 Speaker 2: Salta the Iyawa the day after their fourteen hour track. 165 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:55,839 Speaker 2: There are now only four boys plus a Maya. Two 166 00:11:55,920 --> 00:11:58,560 Speaker 2: of them decided to continue on their own no breaks, 167 00:11:59,120 --> 00:12:01,959 Speaker 2: but Amaya isn't feeling well. She needs to rest a bit. 168 00:12:02,440 --> 00:12:05,240 Speaker 2: She looks exhausted and her feet are very swollen. 169 00:12:08,559 --> 00:12:08,880 Speaker 5: Am I. 170 00:12:11,840 --> 00:12:15,080 Speaker 4: You know? 171 00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:17,680 Speaker 2: Amaya says that for a moment she thought she wouldn't 172 00:12:17,720 --> 00:12:20,080 Speaker 2: be able to make it. Her friend had to drag her. 173 00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:23,280 Speaker 2: She got some burned, her head hurt. She tells us 174 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:25,559 Speaker 2: that she needs a favor, but she's ashamed to tell 175 00:12:25,640 --> 00:12:41,880 Speaker 2: us what it is. Has just gotten her period and 176 00:12:41,960 --> 00:12:44,600 Speaker 2: asks if we could help her get contraceptive pills to 177 00:12:44,679 --> 00:12:47,720 Speaker 2: make her period stop. A similar hike awaited them the 178 00:12:47,760 --> 00:12:50,840 Speaker 2: next day and she couldn't walk like this anymore. We 179 00:12:50,920 --> 00:12:53,880 Speaker 2: tell her that pills won't really stop her period right away, 180 00:12:54,040 --> 00:13:07,600 Speaker 2: but what about tempons? Amaya has never used a tempon 181 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:11,360 Speaker 2: the shelters. They only have sanitary towels, and Amaya says 182 00:13:11,360 --> 00:13:13,439 Speaker 2: they're very uncomfortable in this hot weather. 183 00:13:22,679 --> 00:13:28,000 Speaker 3: As people grow, especially in adolescents, women are so so vulnerable. 184 00:13:30,280 --> 00:13:33,360 Speaker 2: This is Gretchen Kuhner, director of the Institute for Women 185 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:35,080 Speaker 2: in Migration based in Mexico. 186 00:13:35,440 --> 00:13:39,760 Speaker 3: We've seen all different kinds of violence, you know, starting 187 00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:42,960 Speaker 3: with extortion, which is just the highest, and then women 188 00:13:43,040 --> 00:13:47,880 Speaker 3: also have the extra vulnerability of sexual violence. 189 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:51,760 Speaker 2: Many times though women don't realize when they're victims of 190 00:13:51,840 --> 00:13:52,720 Speaker 2: sexual violence. 191 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:58,440 Speaker 3: Some women are so accustomed to being touched. Other women 192 00:13:58,920 --> 00:14:02,800 Speaker 3: will say, well, the truck driver gave me a ride 193 00:14:03,160 --> 00:14:08,720 Speaker 3: from Tabacula to Saltillo, and so of course in exchange 194 00:14:08,760 --> 00:14:11,080 Speaker 3: for that, I had to sleep with him. But that's 195 00:14:11,120 --> 00:14:13,840 Speaker 3: not sexual event, that's sexual violence. 196 00:14:14,120 --> 00:14:18,280 Speaker 2: A recent change in Mexico's immigration law has directly impacted 197 00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:22,200 Speaker 2: girls and boys traveling alone. Since January of this year, 198 00:14:22,600 --> 00:14:26,480 Speaker 2: minors cannot be held in immigration detention centers. Now they 199 00:14:26,560 --> 00:14:30,840 Speaker 2: must remain under the supervision of Mexico's Child Protective Services 200 00:14:31,160 --> 00:14:35,280 Speaker 2: known as DIEF. Child rights activists have been pushing for 201 00:14:35,320 --> 00:14:38,520 Speaker 2: this for over a decade, but its implementation has not 202 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:41,360 Speaker 2: resulted in the kind of change advocates expected. 203 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,560 Speaker 3: What we have is a situation in which there's especially 204 00:14:44,560 --> 00:14:48,920 Speaker 3: in Chiapas, you know, whether there's just the largest flows, 205 00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:51,680 Speaker 3: a lot of confusion about who should be doing what, 206 00:14:52,520 --> 00:14:54,200 Speaker 3: insufficient resources. 207 00:14:54,840 --> 00:14:58,800 Speaker 2: Because child protective services are overwhelmed, they sent many of 208 00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:03,200 Speaker 2: these children to private shelters for immigrants, which are also overcarded, 209 00:15:03,560 --> 00:15:06,440 Speaker 2: and we're living conditions might not be up to standards, 210 00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:10,640 Speaker 2: especially for an accompanied children. During our reporting in Chapas, 211 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:14,080 Speaker 2: two shelter coordinators said that they had stopped accepting an 212 00:15:14,080 --> 00:15:17,880 Speaker 2: accompanied minors from THEEF because they were quote too hard 213 00:15:17,920 --> 00:15:21,920 Speaker 2: to deal with. Many have suffered violence or sexual abuse. 214 00:15:22,400 --> 00:15:25,960 Speaker 2: They can be aggressive or unruly due to that violence 215 00:15:26,160 --> 00:15:30,400 Speaker 2: and need special attention, the coordinators say, and the shelters 216 00:15:30,440 --> 00:15:33,680 Speaker 2: don't have enough resources nor trained staff to help them. 217 00:15:34,160 --> 00:15:37,680 Speaker 3: Some of them they receive a cursory interview and then 218 00:15:37,680 --> 00:15:41,080 Speaker 3: they're turned back over to the National Immigration Institute and 219 00:15:41,120 --> 00:15:44,400 Speaker 3: they returned to their countries of origin. The word I 220 00:15:44,440 --> 00:15:48,200 Speaker 3: think that everyone understands would be deportation. But I also 221 00:15:48,280 --> 00:15:52,440 Speaker 3: have the sense that, especially with unaccompanied children, that some 222 00:15:52,520 --> 00:15:54,920 Speaker 3: of them are being released because if they can't be 223 00:15:55,000 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 3: an immigration detention, there's no capacity to go through the 224 00:16:00,480 --> 00:16:04,360 Speaker 3: correct system, then they're being released. 225 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:08,960 Speaker 2: Still, Gretchen things, keeping miners out of the tension centers 226 00:16:09,360 --> 00:16:10,480 Speaker 2: was the right thing to do. 227 00:16:10,920 --> 00:16:13,520 Speaker 3: So we have the right framework now, but we don't 228 00:16:13,560 --> 00:16:17,880 Speaker 3: have the right resources. And there's also, you know, the 229 00:16:18,040 --> 00:16:21,480 Speaker 3: larger issue, which is that we have to think regionally. 230 00:16:22,240 --> 00:16:26,040 Speaker 3: A lot of parents and family members of children in 231 00:16:26,080 --> 00:16:29,400 Speaker 3: our region are in the United States, and if it's 232 00:16:29,400 --> 00:16:33,320 Speaker 3: in their best interest to be reunited with those family members, 233 00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:37,360 Speaker 3: we need to accept that as a region, because there's 234 00:16:37,480 --> 00:16:40,960 Speaker 3: regional responsibility for the reason that we're in the situation 235 00:16:41,080 --> 00:16:41,880 Speaker 3: in the first place. 236 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:52,200 Speaker 1: Coming up on let you know usay the rise of 237 00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:56,760 Speaker 1: migrant child trafficking, and then a group of women and 238 00:16:56,800 --> 00:16:59,520 Speaker 1: the choices they make when their body is the only 239 00:16:59,560 --> 00:17:04,040 Speaker 1: current they have to pay for the journey north. Stay 240 00:17:04,080 --> 00:17:49,840 Speaker 1: with us notes, Hey, we're back, and before the break, 241 00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:54,240 Speaker 1: we met Amaya. She's a teenage girl from Ondudas, migrating 242 00:17:54,320 --> 00:17:58,119 Speaker 1: on her own and hiding her gender for protection. We 243 00:17:58,200 --> 00:18:01,840 Speaker 1: continue the journey across southern Mexico now to learn about 244 00:18:01,880 --> 00:18:06,359 Speaker 1: the experiences of migrant women. Now in the city of Tapachula. 245 00:18:07,119 --> 00:18:09,640 Speaker 1: Editor Marta Martinez picks up the story from. 246 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:14,879 Speaker 2: Here at Jesus Elwen Pastor shelter in Tapachula, the city 247 00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:18,320 Speaker 2: with the highest number of migrants and asylum seekers. We 248 00:18:18,359 --> 00:18:21,520 Speaker 2: meet another fifteen year old girl from Honduras who is 249 00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:26,680 Speaker 2: also on her own. We're gonna call her Christina Aga Sanchez. 250 00:18:26,720 --> 00:18:29,679 Speaker 2: The coordinator of the shelter, says that a coyote had 251 00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 2: charged the girl two thousand dollars to get to the 252 00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 2: United States, where she has a brother she's trying to 253 00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:38,760 Speaker 2: reunite with, but the coyote tried to sell her and 254 00:18:38,800 --> 00:18:43,240 Speaker 2: then abandoned her in Whatatemala. The coordinator says, Christina is 255 00:18:43,320 --> 00:18:44,719 Speaker 2: shy and afraid of talking. 256 00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:49,320 Speaker 7: Well, no, I'm familia manna intensiforess. 257 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:52,639 Speaker 2: Her parents abandoned her when she was a child. She says. 258 00:18:52,960 --> 00:18:56,600 Speaker 2: She grew up with her grandmother. More recently, a criminal 259 00:18:56,640 --> 00:18:58,160 Speaker 2: gang started harassing her. 260 00:18:58,320 --> 00:19:06,600 Speaker 7: For quego lasi interns and nan fear in Ternsi and 261 00:19:09,560 --> 00:19:12,520 Speaker 7: matan in ternsi the America. 262 00:19:13,040 --> 00:19:15,800 Speaker 2: The gang members tried to rape her, Christina says, and 263 00:19:15,880 --> 00:19:18,119 Speaker 2: they threatened to kill her if she didn't leave the country. 264 00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:25,119 Speaker 7: The next day, Alista and Maleta tredia caminando Ilo and 265 00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:29,240 Speaker 7: in Esol, she. 266 00:19:29,320 --> 00:19:32,280 Speaker 2: Packed her things and left. She walked and hitch hiked 267 00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:36,000 Speaker 2: for three days. During those three days, Christina says she 268 00:19:36,080 --> 00:19:36,880 Speaker 2: didn't sleep. 269 00:19:40,400 --> 00:19:47,280 Speaker 7: With one pass ombresi internsi. 270 00:19:48,480 --> 00:19:50,960 Speaker 2: Christina says she didn't sleep because she had heard that 271 00:19:51,119 --> 00:19:54,400 Speaker 2: men could attack her. Auga says the number of teenagers 272 00:19:54,480 --> 00:19:57,080 Speaker 2: arriving at the shelter has grown in twenty twenty one, 273 00:19:57,680 --> 00:19:59,520 Speaker 2: and so has seinage trafficking. 274 00:20:02,040 --> 00:20:10,480 Speaker 8: Liscente yesta or momentous. 275 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:13,560 Speaker 2: She's been doing this job for over thirty years, and 276 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:17,000 Speaker 2: she says it's never been this dangerous for migrant teenagers 277 00:20:17,119 --> 00:20:20,720 Speaker 2: and children before. The shelter rarely commits to taking in 278 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:24,720 Speaker 2: an accompanied teenagers because they can guarantee their safety. 279 00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:40,439 Speaker 8: Persi lot tratas persis the best part. Mafioso traffickers are 280 00:20:40,480 --> 00:20:41,200 Speaker 8: waiting for them. 281 00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:46,480 Speaker 2: They go after them. Alga says, when traffickers see migrants, 282 00:20:46,720 --> 00:20:48,280 Speaker 2: they see money Science. 283 00:20:54,920 --> 00:20:58,480 Speaker 1: Part two Adulthood the body as currency. 284 00:21:06,760 --> 00:21:13,359 Speaker 2: The main square in Tapachula is always busy. Many of 285 00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:16,720 Speaker 2: the people sitting on the benches selling food or cleaning 286 00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:20,280 Speaker 2: the sidewalk are migrants from Central America and the Caribbean, 287 00:21:20,760 --> 00:21:24,560 Speaker 2: but also from farther away, including African countries and India. 288 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:29,000 Speaker 2: Tapatula is also a big bottleneck for people who cross 289 00:21:29,040 --> 00:21:32,040 Speaker 2: into Mexico through its southern border, often on their way 290 00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:35,000 Speaker 2: to the US, which is still more than eleven hundred 291 00:21:35,080 --> 00:21:39,399 Speaker 2: miles away. The majority of migrants asking for asylum in 292 00:21:39,520 --> 00:21:42,320 Speaker 2: Mexico do it in this city, but the number of 293 00:21:42,400 --> 00:21:45,720 Speaker 2: requests has grown so much in recent years that the 294 00:21:45,800 --> 00:21:48,440 Speaker 2: process can take up to a year. That's why so 295 00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:51,600 Speaker 2: many of them get stuck here too. In the first 296 00:21:51,680 --> 00:21:55,200 Speaker 2: half of twenty twenty one, Mexico received nearly fifty two 297 00:21:55,240 --> 00:21:58,879 Speaker 2: thousand asylum requests, and more than thirty five thousand of 298 00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:04,040 Speaker 2: those in Tapatula. The numbers are already twenty five percent 299 00:22:04,240 --> 00:22:07,959 Speaker 2: higher than those of all of twenty twenty. The country 300 00:22:08,040 --> 00:22:11,520 Speaker 2: with most applicants is on Duras with forty four percent, 301 00:22:12,119 --> 00:22:18,040 Speaker 2: followed by Haiti, Cuba, El Salador and Venezuela. But Chiappas, 302 00:22:18,119 --> 00:22:22,080 Speaker 2: where Tapatula is located, is also the poorest state in Mexico, 303 00:22:22,640 --> 00:22:26,679 Speaker 2: so job opportunities are really scars for migrants who are 304 00:22:26,800 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 2: waiting for their humanitarian business or simply making a stop 305 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:33,560 Speaker 2: to earn some money after having spent everything they brought, 306 00:22:34,000 --> 00:22:37,600 Speaker 2: or being extorted by the local police in Guatemala before 307 00:22:37,640 --> 00:22:42,480 Speaker 2: they crossed into Mexico. For some migrant women, their body 308 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:46,320 Speaker 2: becomes currency. Some choose to look for clients on their own, 309 00:22:46,760 --> 00:22:50,280 Speaker 2: often not the main square. Many others are forced into it, 310 00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:54,200 Speaker 2: but it's hard to know exactly how many. Here's Gretchen 311 00:22:54,320 --> 00:22:56,680 Speaker 2: Kuhner from the Institute for Women in Migration. 312 00:22:56,800 --> 00:23:02,840 Speaker 3: Again, we've seen all different kinds of trafficking along the 313 00:23:02,960 --> 00:23:10,159 Speaker 3: migration route in Mexico. So little is known about the 314 00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:16,080 Speaker 3: different types of criminal structures that exist that force women 315 00:23:16,320 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 3: into trafficking situations. Who might begin in a situation in 316 00:23:20,640 --> 00:23:23,760 Speaker 3: which they're leaving their country, maybe they're traveling with a smuggler, 317 00:23:24,440 --> 00:23:28,639 Speaker 3: and then from the smuggling situation they're trafficked. Then it 318 00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:33,639 Speaker 3: could be in Tapachula, you know, or other towns along 319 00:23:33,880 --> 00:23:37,960 Speaker 3: the southern border of Mexico. We've also had some a 320 00:23:38,040 --> 00:23:41,600 Speaker 3: couple of cases of women who are kept in safe 321 00:23:41,640 --> 00:23:44,920 Speaker 3: houses so they're not allowed to leave, so they're in 322 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:49,280 Speaker 3: a trafficking situation, but their job is either sex trafficking, 323 00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:54,160 Speaker 3: you know, for the smugglers themselves, or it could even 324 00:23:54,240 --> 00:23:57,280 Speaker 3: be you're not allowed to leave and you have to 325 00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:02,760 Speaker 3: help us cook or clean or other kinds of domestic 326 00:24:03,280 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 3: work that is needed in any kind of a situation, 327 00:24:06,880 --> 00:24:08,560 Speaker 3: even if it's a criminal encampment. 328 00:24:09,440 --> 00:24:12,480 Speaker 2: But for migrant women, there are also situations where the 329 00:24:12,560 --> 00:24:15,480 Speaker 2: way they use their bodies as a currency is blurrier. 330 00:24:16,080 --> 00:24:21,280 Speaker 2: Taskuanitas is one of those places. It's early on a 331 00:24:21,320 --> 00:24:24,399 Speaker 2: Wednesday afternoon and the waiters are setting up for the evening. 332 00:24:24,480 --> 00:24:27,800 Speaker 2: At this bar in the north of Tapatula. Some four 333 00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:31,160 Speaker 2: girls in tight pans and lay stops or mini dresses 334 00:24:31,480 --> 00:24:35,240 Speaker 2: start coming in. They wear heavy makeup despite the unbearable 335 00:24:35,440 --> 00:24:39,160 Speaker 2: humid heat. They sit around one of the wooden tables 336 00:24:39,840 --> 00:24:42,040 Speaker 2: and for the most part they look at their phones. 337 00:24:42,920 --> 00:24:45,280 Speaker 2: A woman in a breezy white dress and curly hair 338 00:24:45,520 --> 00:24:48,159 Speaker 2: is behind the counter. Her fingers are full of rings 339 00:24:48,240 --> 00:24:51,200 Speaker 2: and her nails are long and monicured. Her name is 340 00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:54,320 Speaker 2: Floor and she's the owner of the bar. She explains 341 00:24:54,359 --> 00:24:55,920 Speaker 2: how Laskubanitas works. 342 00:25:00,280 --> 00:25:17,760 Speaker 9: Jes gulfstan jests any sales is the refresco Navaho yes 343 00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:22,320 Speaker 9: Eccellina un. 344 00:25:25,720 --> 00:25:29,240 Speaker 2: According to Donia Floor, she pays the women who work 345 00:25:29,320 --> 00:25:32,600 Speaker 2: for her a basic daily salary of two hundred pesos 346 00:25:33,080 --> 00:25:36,320 Speaker 2: some ten u s dollars for eight hours of work, 347 00:25:37,359 --> 00:25:44,760 Speaker 2: but they make most of their money off taps clients. Basically, 348 00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:48,119 Speaker 2: men can buy the women drinks, but only if the 349 00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:52,959 Speaker 2: women want to. Donia Floor says. The women's drinks are 350 00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:56,600 Speaker 2: much more expensive than the regular ones, which costs one 351 00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,520 Speaker 2: hundred and eighty five pesos so a little overnight dollars, 352 00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:03,399 Speaker 2: almost as much as what Donia Floor pays them for 353 00:26:03,480 --> 00:26:06,320 Speaker 2: a day of work. The women get to keep one 354 00:26:06,400 --> 00:26:09,360 Speaker 2: hundred and sixty five pisos or a little over eight 355 00:26:09,440 --> 00:26:13,400 Speaker 2: dollars from every drink Donia Floor takes the rest. Most 356 00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:16,040 Speaker 2: of her profits really come from the drink's clients order 357 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:21,000 Speaker 2: for themselves. Both Donya Floor and the women told us 358 00:26:21,119 --> 00:26:23,800 Speaker 2: that only if they choose to in exchange for the 359 00:26:23,920 --> 00:26:26,600 Speaker 2: drinks men buy for them, they spend some time chatting 360 00:26:26,640 --> 00:26:30,120 Speaker 2: with them, having a love Sometimes the women also dance 361 00:26:30,160 --> 00:26:33,439 Speaker 2: with them or they let them touch their bodies. At 362 00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:35,800 Speaker 2: any time. The women can leave the table if they 363 00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:39,480 Speaker 2: feel uncomfortable. Both Donia Floor and the women say the 364 00:26:39,560 --> 00:26:42,760 Speaker 2: waters at Las Cuanitas are all men, and they also 365 00:26:42,840 --> 00:26:46,160 Speaker 2: keep an eye on the women who work there. Whether 366 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:49,160 Speaker 2: or not women have sex with clients, that's up to them, 367 00:26:49,359 --> 00:26:52,200 Speaker 2: Donia Floor says, and they cannot leave the bar during 368 00:26:52,200 --> 00:26:56,120 Speaker 2: their working hours. There are some ten women currently working 369 00:26:56,160 --> 00:26:59,560 Speaker 2: at Lascuanitas, but despite the name, only two of them 370 00:26:59,840 --> 00:27:04,000 Speaker 2: are actually from Cuba. Most of them are from Central America. 371 00:27:06,400 --> 00:27:17,560 Speaker 9: Yes DNN, the Sentra America Albunasavena, Salida Delante, Lucha Boro 372 00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:22,160 Speaker 9: Borguea with the ISSIL. 373 00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:24,959 Speaker 2: Many of the women have children who depend on them. 374 00:27:25,040 --> 00:27:27,760 Speaker 2: Donia Flor says that's why they have to do whatever 375 00:27:27,920 --> 00:27:29,639 Speaker 2: job they can or decide to do. 376 00:27:36,520 --> 00:27:40,880 Speaker 9: The Sionastos. 377 00:27:41,480 --> 00:27:44,800 Speaker 2: Two girls started working at Laskuanita's just five days earlier. 378 00:27:45,160 --> 00:27:47,760 Speaker 2: One of them is Kati. She's from Hondudas and she 379 00:27:47,880 --> 00:27:50,840 Speaker 2: wears a nudleg stop that matches her high heeled shoes. 380 00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:55,479 Speaker 2: Her nails match her clothes too, an intricate design in gold, 381 00:27:55,680 --> 00:27:59,200 Speaker 2: orange and brown tones. She has been living in Tapachula 382 00:27:59,280 --> 00:28:01,680 Speaker 2: for over a year and a half. Her dream, though, 383 00:28:01,920 --> 00:28:04,840 Speaker 2: is making it to the US. Katy says this is 384 00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:07,320 Speaker 2: the first time she's doing this kind of work and 385 00:28:07,440 --> 00:28:08,240 Speaker 2: she doesn't like it. 386 00:28:09,160 --> 00:28:09,200 Speaker 3: No. 387 00:28:22,480 --> 00:28:24,560 Speaker 2: Katy says she's doing it because she has to take 388 00:28:24,600 --> 00:28:27,320 Speaker 2: care of her six year old daughter, pay rent, and 389 00:28:27,400 --> 00:28:30,479 Speaker 2: send money back to Ondua's. Her older child, an eight 390 00:28:30,600 --> 00:28:33,120 Speaker 2: year old boy, is still there living with her mother. 391 00:28:34,080 --> 00:28:37,600 Speaker 2: Life in tegui Alpa, the capital of Honduras, became unsustainable 392 00:28:37,680 --> 00:28:40,160 Speaker 2: for Kati when a gang began forcing her to pay 393 00:28:40,160 --> 00:28:48,440 Speaker 2: an extortion fee. They asked for one hundred dollars a month, 394 00:28:48,760 --> 00:28:52,120 Speaker 2: an amount she couldn't make by selling tortillas. Her life 395 00:28:52,200 --> 00:28:54,440 Speaker 2: was in danger, so she left the country with a friend. 396 00:28:59,440 --> 00:29:02,400 Speaker 6: I do this if you're not support abercn coming as 397 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:02,720 Speaker 6: a pal. 398 00:29:03,600 --> 00:29:06,400 Speaker 2: But shortly after Kati went back Toudas to pick up 399 00:29:06,440 --> 00:29:09,240 Speaker 2: her daughter. The girl missed her too much and would 400 00:29:09,240 --> 00:29:11,600 Speaker 2: cry all the time. It was the first time they 401 00:29:11,640 --> 00:29:15,480 Speaker 2: had ever been apart. Before Laskuannita's Katy was working at 402 00:29:15,520 --> 00:29:18,239 Speaker 2: a burger joint in Tapatula for eight hundred pisols per 403 00:29:18,320 --> 00:29:21,880 Speaker 2: week about forty dollars. Sometimes it wasn't enough to feed 404 00:29:21,960 --> 00:29:25,480 Speaker 2: her daughter, let alone send money back to Onduda's were. 405 00:29:28,840 --> 00:29:40,880 Speaker 6: Not Yeah, mom, eating rayo, keeps h heavy, fishing and waiting. 406 00:29:40,960 --> 00:29:44,240 Speaker 2: Fishing at the bar. Katy can make more money in 407 00:29:44,320 --> 00:29:46,440 Speaker 2: one night than what she did at the restaurant in 408 00:29:46,560 --> 00:29:49,320 Speaker 2: one week, and she says they treat her better too 409 00:29:49,760 --> 00:29:50,920 Speaker 2: if she has an emergency. 410 00:29:51,280 --> 00:30:01,840 Speaker 6: They're flexible, super different. The males quando amenza. 411 00:30:03,600 --> 00:30:06,120 Speaker 2: You know, it's not been easy for Kati to get 412 00:30:06,240 --> 00:30:08,200 Speaker 2: used to this kind of work and to make sure 413 00:30:08,280 --> 00:30:22,880 Speaker 2: that men respect her depend ah. She hasn't told anyone 414 00:30:23,000 --> 00:30:25,920 Speaker 2: about her new job, not even her daughter, who thinks 415 00:30:25,960 --> 00:30:27,320 Speaker 2: Katy works selling tacos. 416 00:30:27,880 --> 00:30:37,600 Speaker 6: Yeah, okay, mommy, and. 417 00:30:42,640 --> 00:30:45,240 Speaker 2: Well she works. The woman who first offered Kati shelter 418 00:30:45,360 --> 00:30:48,440 Speaker 2: in Tapachula takes care of her daughter. She's an angel, 419 00:30:48,680 --> 00:30:53,520 Speaker 2: Katy says, man. 420 00:30:55,720 --> 00:30:59,840 Speaker 6: Okay on a personality and forma. 421 00:31:03,840 --> 00:31:06,880 Speaker 2: Sitting on the table with the other women. There's also Carrida, 422 00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:12,040 Speaker 2: one of the only two Cubans around. She's twenty four, restless, 423 00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:15,520 Speaker 2: and has appierced in the crosses her tongue horizontally. She 424 00:31:15,600 --> 00:31:18,880 Speaker 2: hasn't told anyone about her new job either. Karidath has 425 00:31:18,920 --> 00:31:21,400 Speaker 2: only been in Tapatula for a couple of weeks. She 426 00:31:21,480 --> 00:31:24,760 Speaker 2: applied for some jobs, but they asked for an identification document. 427 00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:27,840 Speaker 2: She didn't have a friend who had worked at Las 428 00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:31,760 Speaker 2: Cuanitas told her that they were looking for women in Cuba. 429 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:34,920 Speaker 2: Karidad worked at a day care center, making sixteen dollars 430 00:31:35,000 --> 00:31:38,520 Speaker 2: a month. She left for Brazil with her cousin, looking 431 00:31:38,600 --> 00:31:41,360 Speaker 2: for a better job, but her goal was always the 432 00:31:41,520 --> 00:31:50,840 Speaker 2: United States. If a comp my family, your women. In 433 00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:54,040 Speaker 2: late March, Karida and her cousin left Brazil and ventured 434 00:31:54,080 --> 00:31:57,200 Speaker 2: into a dangerous journey that took them through nine or 435 00:31:57,280 --> 00:32:01,720 Speaker 2: ten countries. Karidath has lost count The worst part was 436 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:05,440 Speaker 2: crossing the Darien Jungle, a wild territory between Colombia and 437 00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:09,000 Speaker 2: Panama that is considered among the most dangerous migrant roots 438 00:32:09,080 --> 00:32:11,880 Speaker 2: in the world, not only because of the rough mountains 439 00:32:11,960 --> 00:32:15,360 Speaker 2: and wildlife, but also because of the presence of criminal gangs. 440 00:32:16,360 --> 00:32:19,440 Speaker 2: Karida accidentally lost track of her cousin the day they 441 00:32:19,640 --> 00:32:22,520 Speaker 2: entered the jungle, and then the group she was walking 442 00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:33,840 Speaker 2: with got stopped by a band of armed meno I 443 00:32:34,120 --> 00:32:44,200 Speaker 2: just the men took their backpacks, and then they selected 444 00:32:44,320 --> 00:32:47,120 Speaker 2: three women from the group. One of them was Karidad. 445 00:32:47,600 --> 00:32:58,600 Speaker 2: Another one was a thirteen year old from Haiti, yeah 446 00:32:59,040 --> 00:33:05,720 Speaker 2: by Anse but Yo Karia said she was lucky that 447 00:33:05,840 --> 00:33:08,920 Speaker 2: she was raped by only one man. The thirteen year 448 00:33:08,960 --> 00:33:11,560 Speaker 2: old Haitian girl was attacked by several. 449 00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:29,840 Speaker 7: In Donceevre in came. 450 00:33:31,080 --> 00:33:34,280 Speaker 2: Eventually, Karida reunited with her cousin in the jungle and 451 00:33:34,360 --> 00:33:36,960 Speaker 2: they walked for four and a half days, borrowing food 452 00:33:37,040 --> 00:33:40,160 Speaker 2: from others. The Hitian girl never made it out of 453 00:33:40,240 --> 00:33:43,040 Speaker 2: the jungle. She drowned when the group crossed the river 454 00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:47,640 Speaker 2: the first time that Karidad mentioned she had been raped 455 00:33:47,640 --> 00:33:50,360 Speaker 2: in our conversation, she did it casually, as if it 456 00:33:50,440 --> 00:33:52,920 Speaker 2: were just one more thing that she went through in 457 00:33:53,000 --> 00:33:56,240 Speaker 2: this extreme journey she was still on. It felt like 458 00:33:56,320 --> 00:33:59,520 Speaker 2: her mind was in survival mode, like she hadn't really 459 00:33:59,600 --> 00:34:02,760 Speaker 2: processed everything she had been through. She seemed to be 460 00:34:03,120 --> 00:34:05,760 Speaker 2: just as sad about having lost her phone while crossing 461 00:34:05,800 --> 00:34:19,160 Speaker 2: the jungle as having been raped. She knows her life 462 00:34:19,320 --> 00:34:22,200 Speaker 2: is what matters most, and she thinks God that she's 463 00:34:22,280 --> 00:34:29,480 Speaker 2: still here. Sometimes Kadida shares some of her journey with 464 00:34:29,600 --> 00:34:32,840 Speaker 2: the clients at the bar. It entertains them. She says, 465 00:34:33,640 --> 00:34:36,520 Speaker 2: dealing with men when they are drunk gets more difficult. 466 00:34:37,080 --> 00:34:40,160 Speaker 2: Sometimes they get annoying, or they might want to spend 467 00:34:40,200 --> 00:34:52,040 Speaker 2: the night with her. No, when that happens, Kadida tries 468 00:34:52,080 --> 00:34:55,880 Speaker 2: to move the conversation into another direction. She believes there 469 00:34:55,880 --> 00:34:58,760 Speaker 2: are women who have it harder than her while migrating, 470 00:34:59,200 --> 00:35:02,320 Speaker 2: mothers who make the journey with their little children. She 471 00:35:02,440 --> 00:35:18,719 Speaker 2: doesn't have any yet and decide, look, you know, her 472 00:35:18,760 --> 00:35:21,640 Speaker 2: focus is getting to the United States to work so 473 00:35:21,800 --> 00:35:24,000 Speaker 2: that she can make sure her grandparents and her mother 474 00:35:24,239 --> 00:35:29,759 Speaker 2: are taken care of. Only then she'll feel ready to 475 00:35:29,800 --> 00:35:34,560 Speaker 2: start her own family. She says, motherhood can wait. 476 00:35:39,160 --> 00:35:43,320 Speaker 1: Coming up on Latino USA, we head to Denosike in 477 00:35:43,440 --> 00:35:46,759 Speaker 1: the neighboring state of Dabasco and meet a group of 478 00:35:46,880 --> 00:35:50,800 Speaker 1: single moms taking the risky choice of migrating with their children. 479 00:35:51,800 --> 00:35:56,080 Speaker 1: It's a dangerous decision, but is there another option? Stay 480 00:35:56,160 --> 00:36:44,719 Speaker 1: with us, hey, we're back. Before the break, we met 481 00:36:44,800 --> 00:36:49,400 Speaker 1: Kati and Kharidad in Tapachula, two migrant women who are 482 00:36:49,480 --> 00:36:53,720 Speaker 1: using their bodies to finance their journey north. We're gonna 483 00:36:53,719 --> 00:36:57,239 Speaker 1: move on now to the busy migrant routes along the 484 00:36:57,480 --> 00:37:02,920 Speaker 1: Usumacinta River, which forms the natural border between Mexico and Guatemala. 485 00:37:06,520 --> 00:37:13,960 Speaker 1: Part three, Motherhood The body as a forever bond. Here's 486 00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:15,160 Speaker 1: Marta Martinez again. 487 00:37:21,560 --> 00:37:25,560 Speaker 2: When media attention grew exponentially around migrant caravans crossing into 488 00:37:25,640 --> 00:37:29,320 Speaker 2: Mexico and towards the United States in late twenty seventeen, 489 00:37:29,760 --> 00:37:34,040 Speaker 2: Tapatula became the face of Mexico's southern border, a face 490 00:37:34,080 --> 00:37:40,480 Speaker 2: that became increasingly aggressive. Starting in twenty nineteen, military presence 491 00:37:40,520 --> 00:37:44,880 Speaker 2: increased in the Tapatula area. Former President Donald Trump brokeered 492 00:37:44,880 --> 00:37:48,200 Speaker 2: a deal with Mexican President and Jasminuel Lopez Obrador to 493 00:37:48,320 --> 00:37:51,200 Speaker 2: deter migrants from coming to the United States by stopping 494 00:37:51,239 --> 00:37:55,279 Speaker 2: them early, even before they made it into Mexico. But 495 00:37:55,440 --> 00:37:58,279 Speaker 2: the move didn't stop migrants, it just led them into 496 00:37:58,360 --> 00:38:02,320 Speaker 2: tougher roots across the mountain and the jungle. Two of 497 00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:05,040 Speaker 2: the most used routes right now are on opposite sides 498 00:38:05,080 --> 00:38:08,520 Speaker 2: of the Yusumacinta River, which serves as a natural border 499 00:38:08,600 --> 00:38:15,279 Speaker 2: between Mexico and Guatemala. Centuries ago, the Yusumacinta River was 500 00:38:15,440 --> 00:38:19,040 Speaker 2: an important trade route for the Mayan civilization back when 501 00:38:19,160 --> 00:38:22,800 Speaker 2: rivers were the main way to travel across the jungle. Today, 502 00:38:22,840 --> 00:38:26,280 Speaker 2: the Usumacinta River is still busy, but for different reasons. 503 00:38:27,080 --> 00:38:29,840 Speaker 2: At Frontira Corossal, on the Mexican side of the border, 504 00:38:30,360 --> 00:38:33,280 Speaker 2: tourists used to take colorful boats to visit the Mayan 505 00:38:33,360 --> 00:38:36,880 Speaker 2: ruins of Yaksilan, but the pandemic brought tourism to a 506 00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:42,280 Speaker 2: sudden and unexpected halt. Now those same boats are busy 507 00:38:42,360 --> 00:38:45,200 Speaker 2: transporting migrants from the Watemalan side of the river to 508 00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:48,800 Speaker 2: the Mexican one, and business is booming. We spoke to 509 00:38:48,880 --> 00:38:52,000 Speaker 2: one of the Lantido's the men who drive those small boats. 510 00:38:56,600 --> 00:38:58,800 Speaker 5: Mill As Via. 511 00:39:00,160 --> 00:39:03,000 Speaker 2: The Boatman says there are more than one thousand migrants 512 00:39:03,040 --> 00:39:06,920 Speaker 2: crossing each day, day and night, and many of them 513 00:39:07,120 --> 00:39:11,840 Speaker 2: cross with the help of coyotos or coyotes. At around 514 00:39:11,880 --> 00:39:14,080 Speaker 2: eight pm in the evening, when it looked like the 515 00:39:14,200 --> 00:39:16,920 Speaker 2: river would turn quiet as the sky went dark, a 516 00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:21,239 Speaker 2: boat arrived on the Mexican docks. A group of some 517 00:39:21,440 --> 00:39:25,359 Speaker 2: twenty migrants descended. There were several women in the group 518 00:39:25,640 --> 00:39:29,759 Speaker 2: and at least three little children. A red car awaited them. 519 00:39:30,760 --> 00:39:33,680 Speaker 2: They seemed to be traveling with a coyote. There was 520 00:39:33,760 --> 00:39:40,000 Speaker 2: no police or military presence around me. People pay as 521 00:39:40,080 --> 00:39:43,600 Speaker 2: much as fourteen thousand dollars per person, sometimes even more 522 00:39:43,719 --> 00:39:46,480 Speaker 2: since the pandemic to travel with a coyote to the 523 00:39:46,640 --> 00:39:50,600 Speaker 2: United States without any guarantee that they'll safely make it 524 00:39:50,880 --> 00:39:55,000 Speaker 2: into the country. Women tend to travel more with coyotes, 525 00:39:55,160 --> 00:39:59,520 Speaker 2: experts say, or at least in groups. Padalupeare Inas heads 526 00:39:59,560 --> 00:40:03,000 Speaker 2: the Migrante program at Medicos El Mundo and Ango and Tapachula. 527 00:40:03,800 --> 00:40:07,280 Speaker 2: She says that before twenty eighteen, Micritian in Central America 528 00:40:07,400 --> 00:40:10,759 Speaker 2: was understood as a purely male phenomenon, but then women 529 00:40:10,840 --> 00:40:14,120 Speaker 2: started taking the road more. For example, there were a 530 00:40:14,160 --> 00:40:16,880 Speaker 2: lot of women in the caravans that became more popular 531 00:40:16,920 --> 00:40:20,719 Speaker 2: in twenty eighteen. Wadalupees is a connection there, Oh. 532 00:40:20,680 --> 00:40:32,680 Speaker 10: Yeah, No migran sols. Yes, migr compass simprevido collectives and 533 00:40:33,160 --> 00:40:38,440 Speaker 10: simpre or back on la familia or bas or. 534 00:40:40,800 --> 00:40:44,759 Speaker 2: Pero nozle. There have always been women collectives. What a 535 00:40:44,800 --> 00:40:48,680 Speaker 2: Lupez says, women tend to get together when they migrate. 536 00:40:48,920 --> 00:40:51,560 Speaker 2: They go with family or with friends, but they don't 537 00:40:51,600 --> 00:40:56,200 Speaker 2: go alone. Wadalupees is migration as an empowering action, sort 538 00:40:56,200 --> 00:40:57,400 Speaker 2: of an act of rebellion. 539 00:40:58,160 --> 00:41:04,040 Speaker 10: Migradisna format resistant, na forma de kiro no kiro is, 540 00:41:04,080 --> 00:41:11,759 Speaker 10: tavida is yokorokel mayorato revelda is migras as daglas conditions. 541 00:41:12,040 --> 00:41:16,000 Speaker 10: Estado to pais is the colorno. 542 00:41:21,120 --> 00:41:24,400 Speaker 2: On the other side of the Usumacinta River. There's Lasitendaidos, 543 00:41:24,640 --> 00:41:28,759 Speaker 2: the biggest migrant shelter in southern Mexico. They serve over 544 00:41:28,880 --> 00:41:32,600 Speaker 2: thirteen thousand people every year. It's in a relatively small 545 00:41:32,680 --> 00:41:36,840 Speaker 2: city called Tenoske in the nearby state of Tabasco, not Chiapas. 546 00:41:36,960 --> 00:41:39,799 Speaker 2: Where we met Amaya and the women of Las Cuanitas. 547 00:41:41,760 --> 00:41:44,839 Speaker 2: When we visited Las Tendaidos, the shelter was closed due 548 00:41:44,840 --> 00:41:48,920 Speaker 2: to a coronavirus outbreak. Over one hundred migrants roamed around 549 00:41:49,160 --> 00:41:52,880 Speaker 2: in the sprawling grass bigger than a soccer field. They 550 00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:56,439 Speaker 2: had turned the concrete grandstand into an improvised encampment where 551 00:41:56,480 --> 00:42:00,440 Speaker 2: they slept under blue plastic tars and blankets or in amas. 552 00:42:01,360 --> 00:42:04,359 Speaker 2: The night before, a storm soaked them and people were 553 00:42:04,440 --> 00:42:11,320 Speaker 2: hanging their clothes to dry. There were lots of children 554 00:42:11,480 --> 00:42:15,320 Speaker 2: running around playing soccer, and wherever there are migrant children, 555 00:42:15,760 --> 00:42:19,400 Speaker 2: there are a lot of mothers, often single mothers. We 556 00:42:19,480 --> 00:42:21,960 Speaker 2: sat down on the grass with three single mothers as 557 00:42:22,000 --> 00:42:25,160 Speaker 2: the son started to fade away. They had all requested 558 00:42:25,200 --> 00:42:29,160 Speaker 2: asylum in Mexico and were waiting for the decision. One 559 00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:32,120 Speaker 2: of them is Mcgdalena. She's twenty one years old and 560 00:42:32,200 --> 00:42:35,120 Speaker 2: she's from a rural area in eastern Guatemala called Los 561 00:42:35,239 --> 00:42:38,560 Speaker 2: a matte Isabel. As we speak, she holds her daughter 562 00:42:38,640 --> 00:42:39,920 Speaker 2: Juliana in her arms. 563 00:42:41,120 --> 00:42:47,000 Speaker 11: It's the Jomarina Bouquet Mexico Mario Son and Michumpeao. 564 00:42:51,480 --> 00:42:52,400 Speaker 7: Maghosve. 565 00:43:00,080 --> 00:43:02,960 Speaker 2: When Magdalena starts talking about her ex husband and how 566 00:43:03,000 --> 00:43:05,560 Speaker 2: he used to hit her. Her daughter can stand seeing 567 00:43:05,600 --> 00:43:14,880 Speaker 2: her mother cry, and she begins to cry too. Magdalena's 568 00:43:14,920 --> 00:43:17,360 Speaker 2: father died when she was eight years old and attend 569 00:43:17,440 --> 00:43:20,320 Speaker 2: She started working to help her mother and five siblings. 570 00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:32,279 Speaker 2: Her relationship with her ex husband was violent from early on. 571 00:43:32,800 --> 00:43:35,480 Speaker 2: Magdalena wanted to leave him, but then she got pregnant 572 00:43:35,600 --> 00:43:39,240 Speaker 2: at just seventeen years old. He wouldn't let her go anywhere, 573 00:43:39,440 --> 00:43:42,200 Speaker 2: not even to church. He was weary of every man 574 00:43:42,520 --> 00:43:44,880 Speaker 2: and even suspected that she was having an affair with 575 00:43:44,960 --> 00:43:52,759 Speaker 2: the priests. He isolated her from the world comunitus. 576 00:43:53,640 --> 00:43:54,040 Speaker 8: He will be. 577 00:43:58,800 --> 00:44:01,759 Speaker 11: Meghamura Natania comunica zukomuma. 578 00:44:04,440 --> 00:44:06,480 Speaker 2: If she left the house to buy food, she couldn't 579 00:44:06,480 --> 00:44:09,000 Speaker 2: take more than five minutes. If she got home later 580 00:44:09,160 --> 00:44:11,840 Speaker 2: than that, her husband hid her until her skin was 581 00:44:11,960 --> 00:44:15,120 Speaker 2: all bruised. She couldn't communicate with her mother because he 582 00:44:15,200 --> 00:44:18,520 Speaker 2: didn't let her have a phone. One time, her mother 583 00:44:18,640 --> 00:44:20,680 Speaker 2: saw her with her face bruised and told her to 584 00:44:20,760 --> 00:44:23,880 Speaker 2: report him to the police, but Magdalena was too scared. 585 00:44:24,080 --> 00:44:26,480 Speaker 2: He had threatened multiple times to cut her head off 586 00:44:26,520 --> 00:44:28,080 Speaker 2: with a machete if she spoke out. 587 00:44:28,440 --> 00:44:38,680 Speaker 11: Majok formosa Policii Juquno Okaya Asaua Santo juke La Carezl. 588 00:44:39,280 --> 00:44:42,320 Speaker 2: Eventually, Magdalena was able to escape and she spent some 589 00:44:42,440 --> 00:44:44,920 Speaker 2: time living with her mother, but he found her and 590 00:44:45,080 --> 00:44:47,880 Speaker 2: asked her to come back, swearing he would stop hitting her. 591 00:44:48,360 --> 00:44:50,160 Speaker 2: But it wasn't the first time she had heard that. 592 00:44:50,840 --> 00:44:53,279 Speaker 2: She decided to leave the country with her daughter, looking 593 00:44:53,360 --> 00:44:55,680 Speaker 2: for safety and a better future for Juliana. 594 00:44:56,480 --> 00:45:12,520 Speaker 11: By Yomebmemuskara Massa da Misakoa Atlante. 595 00:45:13,360 --> 00:45:16,640 Speaker 2: Magdalena fled Guatemala with two of her sisters, her daughter, 596 00:45:16,800 --> 00:45:19,760 Speaker 2: and her nephew with only one extra set of clothes 597 00:45:20,600 --> 00:45:23,120 Speaker 2: on the road. They were lucky, she says, they found 598 00:45:23,160 --> 00:45:25,960 Speaker 2: people who gave them food. Now they work for a 599 00:45:26,080 --> 00:45:28,880 Speaker 2: man who has a farm. They take care of his garden, 600 00:45:29,120 --> 00:45:32,360 Speaker 2: clean his house, work the fields. With the money they 601 00:45:32,440 --> 00:45:34,759 Speaker 2: get from their daily work, they're able to buy some 602 00:45:34,920 --> 00:45:38,359 Speaker 2: nachos from the food carts by the shelter. Sometimes they 603 00:45:38,400 --> 00:45:41,120 Speaker 2: don't have enough, but it's still better than having stayed 604 00:45:41,120 --> 00:45:42,959 Speaker 2: in Guatemala with her ex husband. 605 00:45:43,880 --> 00:45:47,040 Speaker 11: Felice Miscino Masseura. 606 00:45:48,040 --> 00:45:48,360 Speaker 7: Yosta. 607 00:45:48,880 --> 00:45:52,600 Speaker 2: Here in ten Magdalena is happy, She feels safer. She 608 00:45:52,719 --> 00:45:55,120 Speaker 2: says they're going to stay in Tenosiki for a while. 609 00:45:55,719 --> 00:45:57,560 Speaker 2: She wants to go to the US in the future 610 00:45:57,880 --> 00:46:00,400 Speaker 2: if possible, but she wants to do it safely. 611 00:46:07,760 --> 00:46:13,080 Speaker 11: The primer Ca caestrellasmiliar. 612 00:46:25,640 --> 00:46:30,319 Speaker 2: Dinga Magdalena says she's heard that it's more dangerous farther north, 613 00:46:30,520 --> 00:46:32,920 Speaker 2: that they take the children away, they rape and kill 614 00:46:33,000 --> 00:46:35,719 Speaker 2: the mothers and the girls. Magdalena says it's best to 615 00:46:35,800 --> 00:46:39,280 Speaker 2: be patient, get their documents and then head to the US. 616 00:46:40,080 --> 00:46:43,800 Speaker 2: Kidnappings and disappearances of migrants in Mexico have been on 617 00:46:43,880 --> 00:46:47,560 Speaker 2: the rise in recent years, and they've also become more violent. 618 00:46:48,200 --> 00:46:51,759 Speaker 2: According to the country's National Human Rights Commission, fifty four 619 00:46:51,840 --> 00:46:55,719 Speaker 2: migrants are kidnapped every day on average in Mexico. In 620 00:46:55,800 --> 00:46:58,719 Speaker 2: the case of women, they're often targeted by kidnappers and 621 00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:01,440 Speaker 2: sexually abused and sometimes trafficked. 622 00:47:07,800 --> 00:47:12,920 Speaker 3: Since about twenty sixteen, there's been much more family units, 623 00:47:13,160 --> 00:47:15,839 Speaker 3: and a lot of the family units are headed by 624 00:47:16,200 --> 00:47:18,719 Speaker 3: women who are heads of households and they're on their 625 00:47:18,760 --> 00:47:21,280 Speaker 3: own with their small you know, their young children. 626 00:47:21,880 --> 00:47:24,719 Speaker 2: This is Gretchen Kunner again from the Institute for Women 627 00:47:24,800 --> 00:47:25,320 Speaker 2: in Migration. 628 00:47:26,000 --> 00:47:30,640 Speaker 3: I mean, can you imagine traveling on your own without 629 00:47:30,880 --> 00:47:34,680 Speaker 3: funds in a place that you don't know. That's scary 630 00:47:35,040 --> 00:47:38,560 Speaker 3: with your little children. I mean, I think it leaves 631 00:47:38,760 --> 00:47:44,040 Speaker 3: a psychological wound on every single person as well as 632 00:47:44,120 --> 00:47:44,720 Speaker 3: the children. 633 00:47:45,360 --> 00:47:49,320 Speaker 2: These single mothers often carry several children from different fathers. 634 00:47:49,760 --> 00:47:52,359 Speaker 2: They're the only ones forever in charge of the care 635 00:47:52,400 --> 00:47:53,680 Speaker 2: and well being of their kids. 636 00:47:54,120 --> 00:47:57,200 Speaker 3: Even if you leave your children behind with the family member, 637 00:47:57,440 --> 00:48:02,359 Speaker 3: you know, that's still something that's stigmatiz So women are 638 00:48:02,520 --> 00:48:07,120 Speaker 3: expected to be the caretakers of their children, and that's 639 00:48:07,160 --> 00:48:10,759 Speaker 3: why they're moving together because that's the expectation, and it's 640 00:48:10,920 --> 00:48:15,880 Speaker 3: their societal responsibility to do so, and there's no extra 641 00:48:16,000 --> 00:48:19,560 Speaker 3: support from their government to have any other options except 642 00:48:19,680 --> 00:48:20,120 Speaker 3: to do that. 643 00:48:20,760 --> 00:48:23,400 Speaker 2: For these mothers, taking their children with them when they 644 00:48:23,520 --> 00:48:26,800 Speaker 2: migrate entails risks, but so does leaving their kids in 645 00:48:26,880 --> 00:48:30,840 Speaker 2: their home country, And either way, they feel deeply guilty 646 00:48:30,880 --> 00:48:32,160 Speaker 2: about the decisions they make. 647 00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:37,000 Speaker 3: Women are really stigmatized. It's just amazing. You know, how 648 00:48:37,080 --> 00:48:41,680 Speaker 3: could you take your children without any money? Well, how 649 00:48:41,719 --> 00:48:44,759 Speaker 3: could you not take your children if you're in a 650 00:48:44,880 --> 00:48:48,120 Speaker 3: dangerous situation and you need to leave. So I think 651 00:48:48,160 --> 00:48:52,279 Speaker 3: that as a society, we're stigmatizing women and children and 652 00:48:52,400 --> 00:48:55,040 Speaker 3: we're not asking the right questions or we're not providing 653 00:48:55,080 --> 00:48:56,160 Speaker 3: the right resources. 654 00:49:06,320 --> 00:49:09,920 Speaker 2: At the migrant shelter, we also meet Irma. It's not 655 00:49:10,040 --> 00:49:13,120 Speaker 2: the first time Irma sits on the lawn of lasitent Taidos. 656 00:49:13,719 --> 00:49:16,799 Speaker 2: It's her second time living on Duras, but this time 657 00:49:17,040 --> 00:49:20,880 Speaker 2: she's on her own with her two children. Denosike doesn't 658 00:49:20,880 --> 00:49:24,360 Speaker 2: bring back good memories. The first time she emigrated, she 659 00:49:24,440 --> 00:49:26,920 Speaker 2: did it with Arnold, her husband and father of her 660 00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:31,000 Speaker 2: youngest child. They applied for asylum, and while they waited 661 00:49:31,040 --> 00:49:34,399 Speaker 2: for a decision, Arnold started working at a local supermarket. 662 00:49:35,280 --> 00:49:38,320 Speaker 2: One day after his shift, Arnold Irma and her thirteen 663 00:49:38,440 --> 00:49:41,560 Speaker 2: year old ran into some young drunk men on the street. 664 00:49:42,239 --> 00:49:44,120 Speaker 2: They got into a fight and one of the men 665 00:49:44,200 --> 00:49:44,800 Speaker 2: had a knife. 666 00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:49,840 Speaker 12: Yeah, Ike eltchaop was. 667 00:49:52,840 --> 00:49:55,799 Speaker 2: They killed? Arnold Irma tried to start from scratch once 668 00:49:55,840 --> 00:50:00,200 Speaker 2: again in her home country of Africa. 669 00:50:03,920 --> 00:50:05,840 Speaker 12: Savas. 670 00:50:10,920 --> 00:50:13,439 Speaker 2: She looked for jobs at several factories, but the pay 671 00:50:13,560 --> 00:50:16,719 Speaker 2: was never enough. She felt her only option was to 672 00:50:16,840 --> 00:50:19,400 Speaker 2: leave again. She had to do it for her children 673 00:50:19,680 --> 00:50:22,280 Speaker 2: and for herself too. She didn't want to get stuck 674 00:50:22,400 --> 00:50:29,440 Speaker 2: thinking about her late Husbando. 675 00:50:28,960 --> 00:50:41,520 Speaker 12: Pensando Ke The inl finnwras fortes gay gang in talb depression. 676 00:50:43,200 --> 00:50:45,680 Speaker 2: Irma and her children took the same route they had 677 00:50:45,719 --> 00:50:50,239 Speaker 2: taken the previous time. Everything reminded them of Arnold, but 678 00:50:50,360 --> 00:50:54,840 Speaker 2: this time it was harder. Irma felt defenseless. 679 00:50:55,040 --> 00:51:10,040 Speaker 12: Made fisil macomos como de san Parano, passe rode la 680 00:51:10,120 --> 00:51:20,319 Speaker 12: Montana amerce tongsiving solidos komini solos irmaces. 681 00:51:20,360 --> 00:51:24,520 Speaker 2: They were lucky that migration authorities didn't detain them. They 682 00:51:24,640 --> 00:51:27,799 Speaker 2: circled mountains in the middle of the night to avoid checkpoints. 683 00:51:28,320 --> 00:51:30,840 Speaker 2: They slept on the floor until they made it to 684 00:51:30,880 --> 00:51:35,440 Speaker 2: Tenessiki again. Her oldest son is not doing well psychologically. 685 00:51:35,920 --> 00:51:39,040 Speaker 2: He blames himself for not having done more to say Arnold. 686 00:51:39,760 --> 00:51:43,400 Speaker 2: But at the shelter there are psychologists Irma sees, and 687 00:51:43,520 --> 00:51:44,799 Speaker 2: she's trying to get him help. 688 00:51:47,640 --> 00:51:48,319 Speaker 13: Mira que. 689 00:51:51,960 --> 00:52:02,880 Speaker 12: Alisado guantank elby this imolavastante. 690 00:52:03,320 --> 00:52:05,759 Speaker 2: None of the single mothers we spoke to in Tenosek 691 00:52:06,080 --> 00:52:08,680 Speaker 2: knew how long it would take to hear back from COMAR, 692 00:52:08,960 --> 00:52:13,279 Speaker 2: the Mexican Refugee Commission, about their cases, But something else 693 00:52:13,520 --> 00:52:16,360 Speaker 2: was clearer to them. As soon as they got their papers, 694 00:52:16,640 --> 00:52:26,080 Speaker 2: they would continue their journey North. Most of the women 695 00:52:26,200 --> 00:52:29,040 Speaker 2: we spoke to during our reporting believe that migrating when 696 00:52:29,080 --> 00:52:31,600 Speaker 2: you're a woman is harder than when you're a man. 697 00:52:32,360 --> 00:52:36,560 Speaker 2: Some said it's carrier because they feel unprotected. Others agreed 698 00:52:36,600 --> 00:52:40,120 Speaker 2: that they face more risks like sexual violence or trafficking. 699 00:52:40,960 --> 00:52:43,799 Speaker 2: Many said their children were their biggest worry, but also 700 00:52:43,840 --> 00:52:46,719 Speaker 2: their biggest incentive to live in search for a better 701 00:52:46,800 --> 00:52:52,600 Speaker 2: future for their families. Women are migrating in new ways 702 00:52:53,320 --> 00:52:57,640 Speaker 2: in groups, jumping on buses instead of trains, avoiding shelters 703 00:52:57,800 --> 00:53:02,360 Speaker 2: and massive places that we still know or hear little about. 704 00:53:04,800 --> 00:53:07,880 Speaker 2: In August, Cariat, the Cuban migrant who was working at 705 00:53:07,920 --> 00:53:11,200 Speaker 2: Las cuan Nita's bar, after traveling through nine or ten countries, 706 00:53:11,840 --> 00:53:14,680 Speaker 2: finally made it to the United States, where she plans 707 00:53:14,719 --> 00:53:18,480 Speaker 2: to start all over again. Many more women are on 708 00:53:18,600 --> 00:53:38,680 Speaker 2: their way. That's it for today. 709 00:53:38,920 --> 00:53:42,600 Speaker 1: This episode was produced by Marta Martinez and Alexandra Sanchez 710 00:53:42,640 --> 00:53:45,840 Speaker 1: in SUNSA. It was edited by Andrea Lobez Gruzado and 711 00:53:46,000 --> 00:53:50,600 Speaker 1: mixed by Julia Caruso. This reporting was supported by the 712 00:53:50,719 --> 00:53:54,799 Speaker 1: Reproductive Health Rights and Justice in the America's Initiative from 713 00:53:54,840 --> 00:53:59,799 Speaker 1: the International Women's Media Foundation. The Latino USA. Team also 714 00:53:59,880 --> 00:54:05,280 Speaker 1: includes Victoria Strada, Rinaldo leanoz Junior, Dori mar Marquez, Mike Sargent, 715 00:54:05,480 --> 00:54:09,000 Speaker 1: Nor Saudi and Nancy Truchuillo. Benileei Ramirez is our co 716 00:54:09,239 --> 00:54:13,400 Speaker 1: executive producer. Our director of Engineering is Stephanie Lebou. Our 717 00:54:13,480 --> 00:54:17,080 Speaker 1: marketing manager is Luis Luna. Our theme music was composed 718 00:54:17,120 --> 00:54:20,120 Speaker 1: by Zane RINOs. I'm your host and executive producer Maria 719 00:54:20,239 --> 00:54:22,880 Speaker 1: jo Hoosa. Join us again on our next episode. In 720 00:54:22,960 --> 00:54:25,320 Speaker 1: the meantime, look for us on all of your social media. 721 00:54:25,760 --> 00:54:28,640 Speaker 1: I'll see you there and remember none Bay Yes Chiao. 722 00:54:32,800 --> 00:54:36,759 Speaker 13: Latino USA is made possible in part by the chan 723 00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:41,640 Speaker 13: Zuckerberg Initiative. The Anni E. Casey Foundation creates a brighter 724 00:54:41,719 --> 00:54:45,759 Speaker 13: future for the nation's children by strengthening families, building greater 725 00:54:45,920 --> 00:54:51,840 Speaker 13: economic opportunity, and transforming communities, and the Heising Simons Foundation 726 00:54:52,520 --> 00:54:58,839 Speaker 13: unlocking knowledge, opportunity and possibilities. More at hsfoundation dot org. 727 00:55:00,080 --> 00:55:10,080 Speaker 10: M Lapa Larceola pas mon Alaka, m