1 00:00:00,760 --> 00:00:03,200 Speaker 1: If we sound crazy, it's because we had a wild 2 00:00:03,279 --> 00:00:04,000 Speaker 1: night last night. 3 00:00:04,960 --> 00:00:06,960 Speaker 2: Was it wild? We're too old to have wild night. 4 00:00:07,080 --> 00:00:09,559 Speaker 1: Yeah, we went to dinner. We would have dinner late. 5 00:00:10,160 --> 00:00:12,119 Speaker 2: We had a late dinner. That's a wild night for 6 00:00:12,240 --> 00:00:15,840 Speaker 2: us to hear that. I feel like if I'm eating 7 00:00:15,880 --> 00:00:18,840 Speaker 2: at nine o'clock something went wrong during the day, or 8 00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:20,280 Speaker 2: I'm out with my friend. 9 00:00:20,239 --> 00:00:24,200 Speaker 1: A nine o'clock dinner feels like a It was practically breakfast. Yeah, 10 00:00:24,200 --> 00:00:27,440 Speaker 1: it felt like two o'clock. I'm like, I was like, 11 00:00:27,480 --> 00:00:30,600 Speaker 1: what the how's this restaurant still open? Right? What are 12 00:00:30,600 --> 00:00:31,320 Speaker 1: all these people doing? 13 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:33,959 Speaker 2: There were children there. Yeah, those little girls we saw. 14 00:00:34,080 --> 00:00:37,000 Speaker 2: I was like, eating that late, They're gonna have heartburn. 15 00:00:41,360 --> 00:00:44,360 Speaker 2: I'm t T and I'm Zachiah and from Spotify Studios. 16 00:00:44,400 --> 00:00:55,120 Speaker 2: This is dope laps. 17 00:01:00,560 --> 00:01:03,440 Speaker 1: I think we feel like that because it's so dark outside. 18 00:01:03,640 --> 00:01:05,680 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's been starting to get dark at like what 19 00:01:06,480 --> 00:01:09,360 Speaker 2: six point thirty too early, way too early, and it 20 00:01:09,520 --> 00:01:11,720 Speaker 2: just messes with you as soon as you get out 21 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:12,559 Speaker 2: of work. It's dark. 22 00:01:12,920 --> 00:01:15,720 Speaker 1: It's crazy and all that does is lead to seasonal depression. 23 00:01:15,880 --> 00:01:18,920 Speaker 2: That is real in places that don't get that much sun, 24 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:21,800 Speaker 2: Like I lived in Michigan for two years, and seasonal 25 00:01:21,840 --> 00:01:25,160 Speaker 2: depression is real. So you know, while I do like 26 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:28,800 Speaker 2: it when it's wintertime, that's something I hate. I feel 27 00:01:28,880 --> 00:01:32,280 Speaker 2: like it gets dark so early, and then on top 28 00:01:32,319 --> 00:01:33,960 Speaker 2: of that, then we move the clock. 29 00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:39,520 Speaker 1: They were like more darkness. I don't understand. Right, today's 30 00:01:39,560 --> 00:01:44,920 Speaker 1: episode is exploring daylight savings. Is anybody else drowning in time? 31 00:01:45,480 --> 00:01:48,520 Speaker 2: Oh? Daylight saving drives me crazy? 32 00:01:48,680 --> 00:01:49,600 Speaker 1: Who came up with that? 33 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:53,480 Speaker 2: I think it's stupid. I think daylight savings is stupid. 34 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:57,000 Speaker 1: At all you're gonna do is forget to change your clock, 35 00:01:57,480 --> 00:01:59,200 Speaker 1: be somewhere late, and if you like me and you're 36 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:01,240 Speaker 1: already late, then going to be super late. And you 37 00:02:01,320 --> 00:02:01,920 Speaker 1: got a problem? 38 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:05,240 Speaker 2: Were we falling back or we're falling back not springing 39 00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:07,800 Speaker 2: for it? So that means that what I'll see, all 40 00:02:07,800 --> 00:02:09,480 Speaker 2: of it is confusing for me. Would we be late 41 00:02:09,560 --> 00:02:10,000 Speaker 2: or early? 42 00:02:10,480 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 1: I don't know. I don't understand. And that's the thing. 43 00:02:12,240 --> 00:02:14,519 Speaker 1: That's why, that's why nobody should be using this time 44 00:02:14,800 --> 00:02:17,200 Speaker 1: right here, this is a textbook example. 45 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:20,000 Speaker 2: I really just want to know why this was put 46 00:02:20,080 --> 00:02:23,840 Speaker 2: into place, Like, who's idea was this and what problem 47 00:02:23,840 --> 00:02:24,959 Speaker 2: were you trying to solve? 48 00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: Yeah, don't. If it's not broke, don't fix it exactly. 49 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 2: Turn to your textbook on page Let's get to the 50 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:35,519 Speaker 2: bottom of it. Let's get into the recitation. First of all, 51 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:39,440 Speaker 2: apparently we've been saying it wrong this whole time. Yeah, 52 00:02:39,600 --> 00:02:43,760 Speaker 2: it's not daylight savings time with an s. It's daylight 53 00:02:43,880 --> 00:02:45,160 Speaker 2: saving time. 54 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:47,360 Speaker 1: Trying to save the daylight. Is that what it means. 55 00:02:47,520 --> 00:02:52,760 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's what it means. But everybody says daylight savings time, 56 00:02:53,680 --> 00:02:56,320 Speaker 2: and that's not right. So you know, when you hear 57 00:02:56,360 --> 00:02:59,520 Speaker 2: your friends saying daylight savings say, sorry, that's not right. 58 00:03:01,840 --> 00:03:05,400 Speaker 1: And so I've been thinking that daylight saving times starts 59 00:03:06,160 --> 00:03:08,519 Speaker 1: in November, but it's ending. 60 00:03:08,600 --> 00:03:11,280 Speaker 2: Mind blown, like honestly, like I never thought of it 61 00:03:11,840 --> 00:03:15,919 Speaker 2: like that. I thought that daylight saving was when we 62 00:03:16,160 --> 00:03:16,840 Speaker 2: fell back. 63 00:03:17,320 --> 00:03:21,040 Speaker 1: No, so in the US, daylight saving starts in March. 64 00:03:21,080 --> 00:03:23,000 Speaker 1: It's the second Sunday in March, and that's when we 65 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:26,000 Speaker 1: move our clocks forward, and then it ends when we 66 00:03:26,080 --> 00:03:29,040 Speaker 1: turn our clocks back, and that's the first Sunday in November. 67 00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:31,240 Speaker 1: And so even though we've been feeling like it's been 68 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:33,880 Speaker 1: getting dark, we're really about to just deep dive into 69 00:03:33,919 --> 00:03:36,480 Speaker 1: the abyss. Oh my gosh, it's like we're basically going 70 00:03:36,560 --> 00:03:43,400 Speaker 1: underground now. Yes, we're going to be multiple. Now that 71 00:03:43,440 --> 00:03:45,320 Speaker 1: I have learned that to a bit, it still doesn't 72 00:03:45,400 --> 00:03:46,960 Speaker 1: change a thousand questions that I have. 73 00:03:47,560 --> 00:03:50,400 Speaker 2: For real, I mean, whose idea was this and why 74 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 2: was it put in place? I know that daylight saving 75 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:58,080 Speaker 2: time is not a thing everywhere, right, so who makes 76 00:03:58,080 --> 00:04:00,840 Speaker 2: this decision is a government. 77 00:04:00,560 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: Who keeps holding it over me because I don't want 78 00:04:02,280 --> 00:04:02,920 Speaker 1: to participate. 79 00:04:03,120 --> 00:04:05,280 Speaker 2: I don't think most people want to participate. I don't 80 00:04:05,320 --> 00:04:07,360 Speaker 2: know who benefits from daylight saving time. 81 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:09,600 Speaker 1: Raise your hand if you like daylight saving time and 82 00:04:09,640 --> 00:04:12,160 Speaker 1: it makes your life better, I want to know. I 83 00:04:12,160 --> 00:04:15,720 Speaker 1: don't see no hands, who you are and how that works. 84 00:04:15,880 --> 00:04:16,160 Speaker 1: I think. 85 00:04:16,200 --> 00:04:19,320 Speaker 2: I also have questions, like I really want to know 86 00:04:19,520 --> 00:04:22,640 Speaker 2: how it works, because if it's dark when I wake 87 00:04:22,720 --> 00:04:24,480 Speaker 2: up and you say we're going to fall back, and 88 00:04:24,520 --> 00:04:27,080 Speaker 2: I don't even people say oh yes, fall back, spring 89 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:28,520 Speaker 2: for it, that doesn't make sense to me because fall for 90 00:04:28,560 --> 00:04:32,279 Speaker 2: it sounds good too. So also, I never know which 91 00:04:32,320 --> 00:04:35,160 Speaker 2: way the clock is supposed to go. I always need 92 00:04:35,200 --> 00:04:36,040 Speaker 2: to be with someone. 93 00:04:36,160 --> 00:04:37,039 Speaker 1: I'm like, help me. 94 00:04:37,640 --> 00:04:39,719 Speaker 2: But now our phones do it on their own so 95 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:41,320 Speaker 2: it's like if you got a clock in your house, 96 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:43,000 Speaker 2: it's the only thing you got to worry about. 97 00:04:43,279 --> 00:04:47,640 Speaker 1: Is daylight saving time? Scientific? Is it a social construct? 98 00:04:47,640 --> 00:04:49,040 Speaker 1: Like when you say who came up with it? But 99 00:04:49,080 --> 00:04:54,160 Speaker 1: who does it belong to? Does it belong to the physicists? Right? Biologists? 100 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:54,840 Speaker 1: Somebody who? 101 00:04:55,960 --> 00:04:58,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, plant your flag in daylight saving time? And tell 102 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:02,280 Speaker 2: us who who is responsible? What community? 103 00:05:02,440 --> 00:05:05,280 Speaker 1: M H need more? I need more info. And then 104 00:05:05,320 --> 00:05:08,160 Speaker 1: you said that some people participate and some people don't. 105 00:05:08,440 --> 00:05:09,359 Speaker 1: How does that work? 106 00:05:09,440 --> 00:05:12,280 Speaker 2: And like, we know that we it messes all of 107 00:05:12,360 --> 00:05:15,040 Speaker 2: us up. I know how I feel exactly. But on 108 00:05:15,080 --> 00:05:20,440 Speaker 2: the grander scheme, are there bad parts about daylight saving time? 109 00:05:20,880 --> 00:05:24,760 Speaker 2: What are the pros and cons of having daylight saving time? 110 00:05:24,880 --> 00:05:26,720 Speaker 1: Yeah? Like what are some of the greater implications? 111 00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:27,160 Speaker 2: Yeah? 112 00:05:27,200 --> 00:05:29,159 Speaker 1: And what are the greater implications when you don't have 113 00:05:29,240 --> 00:05:30,279 Speaker 1: everyone participating? 114 00:05:30,720 --> 00:05:30,920 Speaker 2: Right? 115 00:05:31,120 --> 00:05:32,800 Speaker 1: I don't know how you can have a system where 116 00:05:32,839 --> 00:05:34,000 Speaker 1: everyone doesn't participate. 117 00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:37,880 Speaker 2: That's just like, not even everyone in the United States 118 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:41,080 Speaker 2: participates in daylight saving time. And that's what's wild. That's 119 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:44,839 Speaker 2: like if not everybody follow the traffic lights. Some people 120 00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:48,159 Speaker 2: just don't participate. That's madness, It's crazy. So it's like 121 00:05:48,200 --> 00:05:49,600 Speaker 2: when you go to Jersey and they want to pump 122 00:05:49,640 --> 00:05:50,279 Speaker 2: your gas for you. 123 00:05:51,040 --> 00:05:55,120 Speaker 1: No, thank you, Actually I like that. I hate getting out. 124 00:05:55,279 --> 00:05:56,200 Speaker 1: Then you gotta tip them. 125 00:05:56,240 --> 00:05:57,919 Speaker 2: I'm like, I could do this myself. 126 00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:01,159 Speaker 1: You gotta tip them. 127 00:06:01,680 --> 00:06:02,400 Speaker 2: You don't tip them. 128 00:06:02,520 --> 00:06:03,000 Speaker 1: I don't know. 129 00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:05,120 Speaker 2: I thought you're supposed to tip them. 130 00:06:05,400 --> 00:06:08,120 Speaker 1: Are you getting I thought it was a bundle deal. 131 00:06:08,120 --> 00:06:09,840 Speaker 1: I thought it was rolled into the price, like it's 132 00:06:09,839 --> 00:06:10,280 Speaker 1: supposed to be. 133 00:06:10,320 --> 00:06:13,280 Speaker 2: The United States. We ain't united, not on this, not 134 00:06:13,320 --> 00:06:16,960 Speaker 2: on that, definitely, not on daylight savings or on pumping gas. Apparently, 135 00:06:19,440 --> 00:06:21,120 Speaker 2: all right, so we got to get some answers to 136 00:06:21,160 --> 00:06:23,720 Speaker 2: these questions. Yes, so let's get into this section. But 137 00:06:24,040 --> 00:06:26,359 Speaker 2: before we introduce today's guests, we really need to just 138 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:29,960 Speaker 2: talk about time. If you think about it, time's a 139 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:34,640 Speaker 2: pretty abstract concept. The first thing is that it's man made. 140 00:06:34,360 --> 00:06:38,279 Speaker 1: So I'm never late, that's not true. 141 00:06:40,680 --> 00:06:45,400 Speaker 2: So time is something that has been determined by humans. 142 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:49,560 Speaker 2: And right now, there is a place in Colorado, it's 143 00:06:49,640 --> 00:06:52,000 Speaker 2: called the National Institute of Standards and Technology. They have 144 00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:56,680 Speaker 2: the atomic clock, and that clock kind of like calibrates 145 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:00,839 Speaker 2: all of us. That is the official time in like 146 00:07:00,880 --> 00:07:05,240 Speaker 2: the world. And yeah, so they have determined what a 147 00:07:05,320 --> 00:07:11,280 Speaker 2: second is scientifically. So the technical definition of the second 148 00:07:11,880 --> 00:07:16,600 Speaker 2: is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the 149 00:07:16,640 --> 00:07:21,600 Speaker 2: caesium frequency or the unperturbed ground state hyperfine transition frequency 150 00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:26,080 Speaker 2: of the caesium one thirty three ADAM to be nine billion, 151 00:07:26,800 --> 00:07:30,200 Speaker 2: one hundred and ninety two million, six hundred and thirty 152 00:07:30,240 --> 00:07:33,040 Speaker 2: one thousand, seven hundred and seventy one expressed in the 153 00:07:33,120 --> 00:07:33,800 Speaker 2: unit hurts. 154 00:07:35,240 --> 00:07:40,520 Speaker 1: So, girl, the only thing I know from that hurts. 155 00:07:41,440 --> 00:07:46,160 Speaker 1: This definition hurts. What does that mean? 156 00:07:46,920 --> 00:07:48,720 Speaker 2: The way that most of us think of a second 157 00:07:48,880 --> 00:07:52,000 Speaker 2: is how we say, okay, there's twenty four hours in 158 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:54,640 Speaker 2: a day, there's sixty minutes in an hour, there's sixty 159 00:07:54,680 --> 00:07:56,840 Speaker 2: seconds in a minute. So if you do the math, 160 00:07:56,880 --> 00:07:59,640 Speaker 2: you end up with eighty six four hundred seconds in 161 00:07:59,680 --> 00:08:02,280 Speaker 2: a day. But what they realized in the nineteen fifties 162 00:08:02,360 --> 00:08:06,600 Speaker 2: is that the Earth's rotation isn't consistent enough for that 163 00:08:06,680 --> 00:08:09,440 Speaker 2: to be valid all the time. So they were like, 164 00:08:09,760 --> 00:08:13,120 Speaker 2: how can we make this more accurate? And then they 165 00:08:13,160 --> 00:08:14,880 Speaker 2: thought about it some more and they said, well, maybe 166 00:08:14,880 --> 00:08:17,080 Speaker 2: we can base it off of atoms, and they based 167 00:08:17,120 --> 00:08:20,160 Speaker 2: it off a very specific atom. But before we get 168 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:23,120 Speaker 2: into that specific atom. Let's talk about the basic structure 169 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:26,520 Speaker 2: of an atom. So an atom is made up of 170 00:08:27,040 --> 00:08:30,440 Speaker 2: three things, the nucleus, which is made up of protons 171 00:08:30,480 --> 00:08:33,640 Speaker 2: and neutrons, and then you have electrons that are orbiting 172 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:36,640 Speaker 2: all around it. So the atom that they were looking 173 00:08:36,679 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 2: at to determine what a second is is the caesium 174 00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:41,319 Speaker 2: one thirty three atom, and they looked at it because 175 00:08:41,760 --> 00:08:45,240 Speaker 2: season one thirty three only has one electron that's orbiting 176 00:08:45,280 --> 00:08:47,520 Speaker 2: in its outermost shell, so that was unique to it. 177 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:48,520 Speaker 1: And what they. 178 00:08:48,440 --> 00:08:52,280 Speaker 2: Discovered is that that specific electron switches its spin from 179 00:08:52,360 --> 00:08:56,080 Speaker 2: one to another and back about nine billion times per second, 180 00:08:56,440 --> 00:08:59,560 Speaker 2: and so that became the standard for how we determine 181 00:08:59,559 --> 00:09:01,600 Speaker 2: what a sect second is. The reason why they do 182 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:04,880 Speaker 2: it that way is because that nine billion times that 183 00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:09,559 Speaker 2: the spin changes that is standard, Like, it never changes. 184 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:12,840 Speaker 2: Caesium one point thirty three is always on time. It 185 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:16,000 Speaker 2: always has that same number every single time, and it 186 00:09:16,040 --> 00:09:19,560 Speaker 2: always hits the second. It is so consistent that after 187 00:09:19,720 --> 00:09:24,200 Speaker 2: a month it'll only be off by one nanosecond. So 188 00:09:24,280 --> 00:09:25,320 Speaker 2: that's pretty accurate. 189 00:09:25,880 --> 00:09:28,400 Speaker 1: So now that we got that primer from TT, let's 190 00:09:28,440 --> 00:09:31,720 Speaker 1: dig into daylight saving time, specifically to help us, we 191 00:09:31,760 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 1: call it. 192 00:09:32,040 --> 00:09:36,040 Speaker 3: Doctor Laura Grant, I am a professor at Claramont McKenna College, 193 00:09:36,200 --> 00:09:40,880 Speaker 3: and I study environmental and public economics. In essence, I 194 00:09:40,960 --> 00:09:44,360 Speaker 3: look at how I can get people to work in 195 00:09:45,240 --> 00:09:50,559 Speaker 3: better cooperation and in better improvement for the environment in society. 196 00:09:50,760 --> 00:09:54,960 Speaker 2: Doctor Grant examined how daylight saving affects energy use, because 197 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:58,960 Speaker 2: saving energy was the real reason why we started changing 198 00:09:58,960 --> 00:10:00,000 Speaker 2: our clocks in the first place. 199 00:10:00,320 --> 00:10:02,640 Speaker 1: So this has nothing to do with the sun girl 200 00:10:02,920 --> 00:10:05,680 Speaker 1: saving energy? When when did this? 201 00:10:05,960 --> 00:10:08,120 Speaker 2: Like I have so are we doing that with the 202 00:10:08,160 --> 00:10:09,000 Speaker 2: wind turbines? 203 00:10:09,280 --> 00:10:11,880 Speaker 1: Yeah? Like what? What blew my mind though, when you 204 00:10:11,960 --> 00:10:15,199 Speaker 1: think about it is when she told us that this 205 00:10:15,280 --> 00:10:18,200 Speaker 1: trace is back to Benjamin Franklin. It really is all 206 00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:23,760 Speaker 1: about the Benjamin So corny, but I love it. When 207 00:10:23,760 --> 00:10:26,840 Speaker 1: she told us that this trace is back to Benjamin Franklin, 208 00:10:27,240 --> 00:10:28,360 Speaker 1: I just had to roll my eyes. 209 00:10:28,480 --> 00:10:32,960 Speaker 2: Things were way less complicated back then, so maybe changing 210 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:34,800 Speaker 2: the clocks wasn't a big deal, but in our new 211 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:35,679 Speaker 2: age it is. 212 00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:38,920 Speaker 1: A big deal. That was the late seventeen hundred. So 213 00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:40,720 Speaker 1: he came up with this idea when he was a 214 00:10:40,720 --> 00:10:42,000 Speaker 1: diplomat in France. 215 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:45,480 Speaker 3: So instead of turning on lights during the during the 216 00:10:45,520 --> 00:10:49,240 Speaker 3: morning or in the evening. If we live more by sunlight, 217 00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:52,760 Speaker 3: then we won't use as much energy. That's the hypothesis. 218 00:10:53,160 --> 00:10:56,199 Speaker 2: But what doctor Grant says is that it was low 219 00:10:56,280 --> 00:10:57,079 Speaker 2: key a joke. 220 00:10:57,440 --> 00:10:59,559 Speaker 3: He was joking about this fact that they were staying 221 00:10:59,640 --> 00:11:03,360 Speaker 3: up late, eat having fun, playing poker, and sleeping in 222 00:11:03,960 --> 00:11:06,960 Speaker 3: and one morning he said, oh my goodness, the sun's out. 223 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:10,200 Speaker 3: To my surprise, we could be living by like the 224 00:11:10,280 --> 00:11:13,640 Speaker 3: economy of sunshine rather than burning candles at night. Right, 225 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:17,480 Speaker 3: so he said, he wrote this essay that was very 226 00:11:17,480 --> 00:11:21,440 Speaker 3: whimsical and is a fun essay that basically said why 227 00:11:21,679 --> 00:11:24,760 Speaker 3: would we waste candles when we could wake up in 228 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,160 Speaker 3: the morning. And in fact, he kind of proposed what 229 00:11:27,160 --> 00:11:29,440 Speaker 3: I would call an economic solution. He said that we 230 00:11:29,440 --> 00:11:33,559 Speaker 3: should clang bells at dawn and band shutters all again 231 00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:38,400 Speaker 3: in jest, more or less saying we should live during 232 00:11:38,840 --> 00:11:39,439 Speaker 3: the daylight. 233 00:11:39,640 --> 00:11:42,480 Speaker 2: But at first, Ben Franklin's idea wasn't taken very seriously 234 00:11:42,880 --> 00:11:45,760 Speaker 2: by any government for a very long time. 235 00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:48,000 Speaker 1: Yeah, it wasn't until the early nineteen hundreds that a 236 00:11:48,040 --> 00:11:51,800 Speaker 1: few cities in Canada began changing their clocks. Canadians, but 237 00:11:52,080 --> 00:11:56,480 Speaker 1: it was World War One, that took daylight saving time global. 238 00:11:56,200 --> 00:11:59,920 Speaker 3: And all the energy resources were really necessary. We wanted 239 00:11:59,880 --> 00:12:03,440 Speaker 3: to conserve and we're really concerned about energy resources. So 240 00:12:04,080 --> 00:12:07,360 Speaker 3: the Germans first implemented it, actually, and many other countries 241 00:12:07,440 --> 00:12:11,400 Speaker 3: followed suit, but we repealed it afterwards. People didn't like it. 242 00:12:11,480 --> 00:12:15,680 Speaker 2: And we still don't. Wait, okay, so we meaning the 243 00:12:15,800 --> 00:12:18,600 Speaker 2: United States. Yeah, and of course we all know that 244 00:12:18,720 --> 00:12:23,440 Speaker 2: daylight saving didn't stay repealed because we are currently experiencing it. 245 00:12:23,800 --> 00:12:26,400 Speaker 1: Unsurprisingly, war again brought it. 246 00:12:26,320 --> 00:12:29,480 Speaker 3: Back, and then World War two comes around, we practice 247 00:12:29,520 --> 00:12:32,800 Speaker 3: again because again energy conservation, all of our resources need 248 00:12:32,840 --> 00:12:34,800 Speaker 3: to go towards the war, and repeal again. 249 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:37,640 Speaker 2: And that's right, we repeeled it again. 250 00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:41,000 Speaker 1: Why can't we learn our legs? Like, why isn't it 251 00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:44,720 Speaker 1: Why are we like war energy conservation? Let's live crazy 252 00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:47,480 Speaker 1: war energy conservation. Why can't we serve energy allway? 253 00:12:47,520 --> 00:12:50,520 Speaker 2: It's just like fool me once. Shame on you. You're not 254 00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:51,400 Speaker 2: gonna fool me again. 255 00:12:52,040 --> 00:12:54,680 Speaker 1: Yeah, we're over it. But even though it's no longer 256 00:12:54,720 --> 00:12:59,559 Speaker 1: federally mandated, some places continue to practice daylight saving and 257 00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:01,920 Speaker 1: that obviously became very confusing. 258 00:13:02,280 --> 00:13:05,240 Speaker 2: Yeah, because you have certain cities or certain states that 259 00:13:05,920 --> 00:13:09,560 Speaker 2: still change their clocks, and everybody else wasn't. So you 260 00:13:09,679 --> 00:13:12,040 Speaker 2: go down the road and they'd be like, it's nine o'clock. 261 00:13:12,480 --> 00:13:14,120 Speaker 2: You're like, actually it's eight. 262 00:13:14,440 --> 00:13:16,560 Speaker 1: Can you imagine going to a different town, Like and 263 00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:19,000 Speaker 1: I mean it's already confusing enough when we travel on 264 00:13:19,040 --> 00:13:21,480 Speaker 1: different time zones, but I'm talking about ten minutes down 265 00:13:21,480 --> 00:13:22,600 Speaker 1: the road a different city. 266 00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:25,080 Speaker 2: Especially if it's like someplace you're trying to get food 267 00:13:25,080 --> 00:13:27,640 Speaker 2: and they're like, sorry, the kitchen's clothes. Huh, that's the 268 00:13:27,679 --> 00:13:29,000 Speaker 2: easiest way to get me upset. 269 00:13:29,360 --> 00:13:31,800 Speaker 1: You know that, you know that I do. 270 00:13:32,800 --> 00:13:32,880 Speaker 3: So. 271 00:13:33,080 --> 00:13:36,040 Speaker 2: In nineteen sixty six, the federal government passed a law 272 00:13:36,080 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 2: called the Uniform Time Act. It standardized the start and 273 00:13:40,040 --> 00:13:43,040 Speaker 2: end dates for daylight saving across the country. So today 274 00:13:43,080 --> 00:13:45,720 Speaker 2: the US is one of about seventy countries that practice 275 00:13:45,760 --> 00:13:49,280 Speaker 2: daylight saving. So now we know why we started observing 276 00:13:49,320 --> 00:13:52,760 Speaker 2: daylight saving, But why does the amount of daylight we 277 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:56,200 Speaker 2: get fluctuate in the first place. Yeah, this all has 278 00:13:56,240 --> 00:14:00,280 Speaker 2: to do with planetary rotation and the Earth's axis back 279 00:14:00,280 --> 00:14:02,960 Speaker 2: to TT. So the tilt of the Earth acxis defines 280 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:06,280 Speaker 2: the amount of daylight we see, and daylight hours are 281 00:14:06,320 --> 00:14:10,120 Speaker 2: shortest during each hemisphere's winter, So in the wintertime, we 282 00:14:10,200 --> 00:14:14,439 Speaker 2: get the least amount of sunlight between summer and winter solstice. 283 00:14:14,640 --> 00:14:17,440 Speaker 2: So that's June twenty first for summer solstice and December 284 00:14:17,480 --> 00:14:20,440 Speaker 2: twenty first for winter solstice this year. Yeah, the number 285 00:14:20,480 --> 00:14:24,400 Speaker 2: of daylight hours decreases, and the rate of the decrease 286 00:14:24,680 --> 00:14:26,880 Speaker 2: is larger at higher latitudes. 287 00:14:27,040 --> 00:14:30,000 Speaker 3: The further south you are, the more your days are 288 00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 3: the same all year. So down here in southern California, 289 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:35,760 Speaker 3: our days change slower than yours do or somebody in 290 00:14:35,760 --> 00:14:39,200 Speaker 3: New York City or Chicago. And that's actually also why 291 00:14:39,240 --> 00:14:41,280 Speaker 3: a lot of tropical countries they're not going to practice 292 00:14:41,360 --> 00:14:44,960 Speaker 3: daylight saving time. They're on the equator and by definition 293 00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,120 Speaker 3: equal days on the equator, so they don't need daylight 294 00:14:48,200 --> 00:14:49,320 Speaker 3: saving time, right. 295 00:14:49,120 --> 00:14:52,040 Speaker 2: So that's why in places like I think Iceland they 296 00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:54,960 Speaker 2: have twenty four hours of darkness and other places that 297 00:14:54,960 --> 00:14:57,880 Speaker 2: are super high up on our hemisphere, and so the 298 00:14:57,960 --> 00:15:00,480 Speaker 2: fewer sunlight hours, the colder the nights get, and so 299 00:15:00,560 --> 00:15:02,320 Speaker 2: that's when winter starts. 300 00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:04,800 Speaker 1: Yeah, And that's why winter is different in the northern 301 00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:08,320 Speaker 1: and southern hemispheres MM, because when it's winter and we're 302 00:15:08,360 --> 00:15:11,120 Speaker 1: having short days in a northern hemisphere. It's summer and 303 00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:14,160 Speaker 1: they're having long days in the southern hemisphere. Yes, all 304 00:15:14,200 --> 00:15:15,600 Speaker 1: of that's because of the tilt of the earth. 305 00:15:16,520 --> 00:15:23,120 Speaker 2: Woo. Imagine the Earth stood up straight, stand up, respectability politics, 306 00:15:23,160 --> 00:15:24,440 Speaker 2: pull up your pants Earth. 307 00:15:28,360 --> 00:15:31,400 Speaker 1: Now. In theory, daylight saving is supposed to occur in 308 00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:34,240 Speaker 1: the winter and summer, but in the US that's not 309 00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:34,760 Speaker 1: the case. 310 00:15:34,960 --> 00:15:38,200 Speaker 2: The federal government has changed our start and end dates 311 00:15:38,440 --> 00:15:42,800 Speaker 2: twice to extend daylight saving, and as of two thousand 312 00:15:42,840 --> 00:15:45,800 Speaker 2: and seven, we observe daylight saving eight months per year. 313 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:47,920 Speaker 3: This seems a little absurd to me that it's not 314 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:51,080 Speaker 3: just half and half, or that it's centered on the solstice. 315 00:15:51,280 --> 00:15:53,920 Speaker 1: Well, they need to change it back, because you might 316 00:15:53,920 --> 00:15:56,240 Speaker 1: as well go ahead and extend it some more all 317 00:15:56,320 --> 00:15:59,800 Speaker 1: year round. Now it drops off and is drastic exactly. 318 00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:04,520 Speaker 2: But it's like, why it's something like daylight saving, which 319 00:16:04,640 --> 00:16:08,800 Speaker 2: was started in order to save energy and. 320 00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:08,720 Speaker 1: All this stuff. 321 00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:11,960 Speaker 2: Why is it regulated by the government. It should just 322 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:14,080 Speaker 2: be regulated by science. 323 00:16:14,600 --> 00:16:16,760 Speaker 1: Yeah, like the solstice exactly. 324 00:16:17,560 --> 00:16:19,320 Speaker 2: But I guess we shouldn't feel so bad because we're 325 00:16:19,360 --> 00:16:22,480 Speaker 2: not the only country that practices daylight saving for more 326 00:16:22,480 --> 00:16:24,960 Speaker 2: than half the year when we extended it, and by 327 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:27,000 Speaker 2: week she means the United States. 328 00:16:26,800 --> 00:16:30,200 Speaker 3: Mostly because it now includes Halloween, and the candy companies 329 00:16:30,320 --> 00:16:34,160 Speaker 3: like that Halloween has more daylight so that people will 330 00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:37,880 Speaker 3: go on more trigger treating, so you get lobbyists involved, right. 331 00:16:38,560 --> 00:16:41,760 Speaker 3: But as soon as the United States changed it, Canada 332 00:16:41,880 --> 00:16:46,760 Speaker 3: immediately followed suit because their economy is so intertwined with US, 333 00:16:46,880 --> 00:16:50,720 Speaker 3: it would be ridiculous for them to be off schedule 334 00:16:50,760 --> 00:16:52,560 Speaker 3: with US for a few weeks in the spring in 335 00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:53,560 Speaker 3: a few weeks in the fall. 336 00:16:53,920 --> 00:16:56,960 Speaker 2: A lot of other countries, though, like some countries in Europe, 337 00:16:57,080 --> 00:16:59,760 Speaker 2: they were not into the idea of changing their start 338 00:16:59,800 --> 00:17:00,960 Speaker 2: and you're up. 339 00:17:00,960 --> 00:17:04,440 Speaker 3: Practice is daylight at saving time and does not coordinate 340 00:17:04,480 --> 00:17:05,800 Speaker 3: perfectly with our start dates. 341 00:17:05,880 --> 00:17:09,000 Speaker 1: And we don't even coordinate perfectly within our own United States. 342 00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:12,200 Speaker 2: Yeah, Hawaii doesn't observe daylight saving Hawaii. 343 00:17:12,320 --> 00:17:14,520 Speaker 1: That feels like, Okay, you guys are floating out there 344 00:17:14,560 --> 00:17:16,960 Speaker 1: in the ocean. You're doing your own thing. 345 00:17:17,320 --> 00:17:21,320 Speaker 2: But Arizona doesn't even observe daylight saving, and they're right there. 346 00:17:21,320 --> 00:17:24,000 Speaker 2: They're probably the contiguous forty eight states, right, But then 347 00:17:24,080 --> 00:17:30,360 Speaker 2: even within Arizona, the Navajo Nation, they observe daylight saving. 348 00:17:30,480 --> 00:17:34,280 Speaker 1: So it's not even Arizona as a whole has opted out. 349 00:17:34,359 --> 00:17:38,840 Speaker 2: Right, so if you're in Arizona, time depends on where 350 00:17:38,880 --> 00:17:39,280 Speaker 2: you are. 351 00:17:39,760 --> 00:17:42,440 Speaker 1: Well, now that I know a state can opt out 352 00:17:42,440 --> 00:17:43,920 Speaker 1: of daylight saving. 353 00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:45,720 Speaker 2: Time, I'm declaring my house a state. 354 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:49,000 Speaker 1: Yeah. It's really frustrating, and I always feel like I 355 00:17:49,040 --> 00:17:52,040 Speaker 1: don't want to do this, But I guess now that 356 00:17:52,080 --> 00:17:53,560 Speaker 1: I know what it's supposed to do, which is to 357 00:17:53,560 --> 00:17:56,919 Speaker 1: provide some type of you know, economic benefit, saving energy 358 00:17:56,960 --> 00:17:59,320 Speaker 1: all of that, it feels like, Okay, maybe I should 359 00:17:59,320 --> 00:18:01,439 Speaker 1: get on board. But what I still don't know is 360 00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:02,560 Speaker 1: is it actually doing that. 361 00:18:02,880 --> 00:18:05,560 Speaker 2: And how does it affect us personally. We'll dive into 362 00:18:05,560 --> 00:18:07,240 Speaker 2: all these questions right after this break. 363 00:18:25,119 --> 00:18:25,960 Speaker 1: We are back. 364 00:18:26,520 --> 00:18:30,600 Speaker 2: We're talking about daylight saving and how it all started 365 00:18:30,640 --> 00:18:33,480 Speaker 2: with Ben Franklin in the seventeen hundreds making a joke. 366 00:18:33,640 --> 00:18:35,399 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's kind of crazy if you think about it, 367 00:18:35,400 --> 00:18:38,560 Speaker 1: But to go from Ben Franklin suggesting like, hey, we 368 00:18:38,560 --> 00:18:41,320 Speaker 1: should change the time so we're not burning as many candles, 369 00:18:41,560 --> 00:18:45,199 Speaker 1: to the government implementing this in the nineteen sixties, and 370 00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:49,120 Speaker 1: then to extending daylight saving time in the early two thousands, 371 00:18:49,160 --> 00:18:52,320 Speaker 1: and to now we're you know, using this time for 372 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:55,240 Speaker 1: over eight months of the year. A lot has changed 373 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:58,080 Speaker 1: since the seventeen hundred for real, and we have to 374 00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:00,119 Speaker 1: really ask. I feel like we need to ask. That's 375 00:19:00,160 --> 00:19:02,879 Speaker 1: the really big question in the room, which is is 376 00:19:03,000 --> 00:19:05,600 Speaker 1: daylight saving still saving energy exactly? 377 00:19:05,640 --> 00:19:09,120 Speaker 2: Because back then they were burning candles. We not burning candles. 378 00:19:09,440 --> 00:19:11,080 Speaker 1: Candles and LEDs are different. 379 00:19:11,200 --> 00:19:12,680 Speaker 2: It's very different. 380 00:19:13,040 --> 00:19:15,600 Speaker 1: And I don't know how much a candle costs back then, but. 381 00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:18,200 Speaker 2: Them candles these days, you go to Yankee Candle, they 382 00:19:18,320 --> 00:19:20,920 Speaker 2: always got to sell. They'd be like, yeah, six candles, 383 00:19:21,600 --> 00:19:22,960 Speaker 2: large candles for like. 384 00:19:23,960 --> 00:19:27,359 Speaker 1: Three dollars Yankee candle, You bougie. 385 00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:30,600 Speaker 2: So we've got some real, real questions about if daylight 386 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:32,280 Speaker 2: saving is actually saving anything. 387 00:19:32,520 --> 00:19:34,240 Speaker 1: And doctor Grant had the same question. 388 00:19:34,400 --> 00:19:36,520 Speaker 2: So doctor Grant and some colleagues decided to look for 389 00:19:36,560 --> 00:19:39,720 Speaker 2: a relationship between energy use and daylight saving. 390 00:19:39,800 --> 00:19:42,639 Speaker 3: Actually, I thought it might even cost more energy because 391 00:19:42,640 --> 00:19:45,639 Speaker 3: of all of our new modern day appliances are much 392 00:19:45,720 --> 00:19:46,880 Speaker 3: different than light bulbs. 393 00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:47,080 Speaker 2: Right. 394 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:49,720 Speaker 1: The way economist study questions like these is to look 395 00:19:49,760 --> 00:19:52,760 Speaker 1: for real world examples, and they found Indiana was the 396 00:19:52,760 --> 00:19:55,399 Speaker 1: perfect test ground for this. So Indiana used to be 397 00:19:55,480 --> 00:19:57,800 Speaker 1: one of those states that did not participate in daylight 398 00:19:57,880 --> 00:19:59,920 Speaker 1: saving and then in two thousand and seven they be 399 00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:00,959 Speaker 1: gan to participate. 400 00:20:01,119 --> 00:20:04,600 Speaker 3: And so here we have what we call a natural experiment, right, 401 00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:07,239 Speaker 3: which is a really great place to say, oh, well, 402 00:20:07,320 --> 00:20:10,359 Speaker 3: then let's look at their electricity data and say what 403 00:20:10,480 --> 00:20:11,680 Speaker 3: happened before and after. 404 00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:14,399 Speaker 2: So a natural experiment is just being a fly on 405 00:20:14,440 --> 00:20:14,760 Speaker 2: the wall. 406 00:20:14,840 --> 00:20:16,960 Speaker 3: So what we wanted to do is compare it to 407 00:20:18,160 --> 00:20:21,359 Speaker 3: then the either the states next door or like the 408 00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:24,639 Speaker 3: counties within. And that's exactly what we got to do 409 00:20:24,760 --> 00:20:27,040 Speaker 3: is we actually got to say, Okay, these people did 410 00:20:27,080 --> 00:20:30,840 Speaker 3: not change daylight saving time, these people did change date 411 00:20:30,920 --> 00:20:33,400 Speaker 3: saving time, and then we kind of have this control 412 00:20:33,480 --> 00:20:36,560 Speaker 3: group and a treatment group going forward. 413 00:20:36,680 --> 00:20:39,280 Speaker 1: So this is really cool because, like you said, being 414 00:20:39,280 --> 00:20:42,240 Speaker 1: a fly on a wall, you get to observe what happened. 415 00:20:42,280 --> 00:20:44,160 Speaker 1: So you have kind of two things that you can 416 00:20:44,160 --> 00:20:47,640 Speaker 1: look at. You can say Indiana, which was not practicing 417 00:20:47,720 --> 00:20:51,920 Speaker 1: daylight saving time compared to neighboring states that were practicing 418 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:53,080 Speaker 1: daylight saving time. 419 00:20:53,359 --> 00:20:58,240 Speaker 2: And comparing Indiana to itself before and after they implemented 420 00:20:58,320 --> 00:20:59,320 Speaker 2: daylight saving. 421 00:20:59,119 --> 00:21:00,800 Speaker 1: Yes, and it's so great that she's able to do 422 00:21:00,880 --> 00:21:04,400 Speaker 1: states next door, right, Because like you said about latitude 423 00:21:04,440 --> 00:21:08,640 Speaker 1: and location having a big role in how much daylight 424 00:21:08,680 --> 00:21:10,840 Speaker 1: you get, therefore how much energy you need to use. 425 00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:13,560 Speaker 3: So we looked at several years of these data and 426 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:16,440 Speaker 3: this before and after, and so we got something like 427 00:21:16,960 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 3: eight million observations on residential utility of bells. 428 00:21:21,119 --> 00:21:23,280 Speaker 1: We all know those bills go up in the winter 429 00:21:23,400 --> 00:21:24,160 Speaker 1: to heat that home. 430 00:21:24,280 --> 00:21:26,280 Speaker 2: I wait to the very last second to turn my 431 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:29,040 Speaker 2: heat on because that gas bill is crazy. 432 00:21:29,240 --> 00:21:31,240 Speaker 1: You saw me over here at t T's house and 433 00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:34,640 Speaker 1: my coat on Instagram. She tried to freeze me out. 434 00:21:34,680 --> 00:21:37,040 Speaker 2: I'm not playing around like I turn it on when 435 00:21:37,080 --> 00:21:39,800 Speaker 2: I need to. Everybody else just needs to put on socks. 436 00:21:41,960 --> 00:21:45,960 Speaker 3: When Indiana went on Daily Saving time, they used more 437 00:21:46,080 --> 00:21:52,159 Speaker 3: energy and we found that it cost Indiana millions of 438 00:21:52,200 --> 00:21:53,480 Speaker 3: dollars per year. 439 00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:57,600 Speaker 1: So you mean to tell me we're out here listening 440 00:21:57,640 --> 00:22:02,040 Speaker 1: to Benjamin Franklin. You see, I don't have any respect 441 00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:02,760 Speaker 1: for him anymore. 442 00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,480 Speaker 2: It's calling him by his full first name, last. 443 00:22:05,320 --> 00:22:07,600 Speaker 1: Name, Benjamin Benny. 444 00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:11,880 Speaker 2: Okay, we're listening to Benjamin Franklin. He's got us out 445 00:22:11,880 --> 00:22:16,520 Speaker 2: here waking up at old dark thirty and going to 446 00:22:16,960 --> 00:22:19,160 Speaker 2: getting off work dark. 447 00:22:19,320 --> 00:22:20,600 Speaker 1: Oh, I definitely miler. 448 00:22:22,240 --> 00:22:25,440 Speaker 2: I'm like, huh, is that a pie? 449 00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:29,760 Speaker 1: It's wild that doctor Grant found that they weren't even 450 00:22:29,800 --> 00:22:31,800 Speaker 1: saving energy by going on daylight saving time. 451 00:22:31,800 --> 00:22:34,720 Speaker 2: I'm not surprised because when Benjamin Franklin was doing this, 452 00:22:34,840 --> 00:22:37,959 Speaker 2: things were very different. Now, all the tech and everything 453 00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:41,160 Speaker 2: that we have that heat our homes and light our rooms, 454 00:22:41,680 --> 00:22:45,960 Speaker 2: I'm not surprised that we're not actually saving any energy. 455 00:22:46,160 --> 00:22:48,960 Speaker 1: And not only are we not saving energy, we're not 456 00:22:49,920 --> 00:22:55,080 Speaker 1: saving dollars. Franklin is in my bag. Get out right. 457 00:22:56,400 --> 00:22:58,840 Speaker 2: Benjamin Franklin's then and gone, and all of us are 458 00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:00,760 Speaker 2: wasting coins not anymore. 459 00:23:00,880 --> 00:23:03,720 Speaker 1: Hey, I'm taking the person sets out. Yeah, I mean, 460 00:23:03,960 --> 00:23:05,560 Speaker 1: I can think of what changed, but I want to 461 00:23:05,560 --> 00:23:10,160 Speaker 1: know what doctor Grant thinks about this, Like why does 462 00:23:10,240 --> 00:23:12,879 Speaker 1: daylight saving time no longer help us save energy? 463 00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:15,439 Speaker 2: Right, We're so busy thinking about the winter time, but 464 00:23:15,480 --> 00:23:17,359 Speaker 2: we really need to think about summer. 465 00:23:17,680 --> 00:23:21,680 Speaker 3: We have just aligned our day with the sunlight, which 466 00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:24,320 Speaker 3: means the hottest part of the day, which means we're 467 00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:27,560 Speaker 3: going to crank up air conditioning. And you can probably 468 00:23:27,600 --> 00:23:30,640 Speaker 3: guess that air conditioning versus the light bulb. Air conditioning 469 00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:35,080 Speaker 3: does use more energy, so that swamps it. So, yes, 470 00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:37,720 Speaker 3: we get some savings with lighting in the summer, but 471 00:23:38,400 --> 00:23:40,480 Speaker 3: we're coming home to the hottest part of the day. 472 00:23:40,720 --> 00:23:44,879 Speaker 3: Our houses are hot, we change the thermostat and use 473 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:45,840 Speaker 3: more energy. 474 00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:47,560 Speaker 1: And even though it gets cooler when we get into 475 00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,119 Speaker 1: the fall, our energy use doesn't really go down. 476 00:23:50,200 --> 00:23:53,199 Speaker 3: And what happens is as we approach that date, what 477 00:23:53,280 --> 00:23:56,719 Speaker 3: you'll notice is that you're actually waking up in the dark. 478 00:23:57,040 --> 00:23:58,760 Speaker 3: It's the coldest time of the year, so you're going 479 00:23:58,800 --> 00:24:01,439 Speaker 3: to crank up your heat, right and it's the coldest 480 00:24:01,480 --> 00:24:04,879 Speaker 3: time of the day. You're not doing anything except for 481 00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:07,480 Speaker 3: just changing your lighting us from the evening to the morning. 482 00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:12,760 Speaker 1: Doctor Grant's study was of Indiana, and we don't know 483 00:24:12,800 --> 00:24:15,080 Speaker 1: that it's going to work for everybody. You know, usually 484 00:24:15,119 --> 00:24:16,640 Speaker 1: you want to have more than one study and look 485 00:24:16,640 --> 00:24:19,199 Speaker 1: at different cases. But I, for one, right, this is 486 00:24:19,280 --> 00:24:23,920 Speaker 1: enough information for me. I propose that, at least where 487 00:24:23,960 --> 00:24:27,160 Speaker 1: I live in Maryland, that we all just boycott daylight 488 00:24:27,160 --> 00:24:30,720 Speaker 1: savings and let's do let's look at our bills. Let's 489 00:24:30,760 --> 00:24:35,760 Speaker 1: all just not fall back, let's fall forward, Let's just 490 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,840 Speaker 1: fall out of all of this stuff. Let's just keep 491 00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:39,240 Speaker 1: let's fall into the gap. 492 00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:40,800 Speaker 3: The gap. 493 00:24:42,920 --> 00:24:45,200 Speaker 1: I just want to know how does it affect me? 494 00:24:45,240 --> 00:24:47,679 Speaker 2: Because I know, I mean, I'm really interested in the 495 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:51,240 Speaker 2: energy conservation piece. I'm definitely interested in my budget, but 496 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:54,520 Speaker 2: I know I feel something in my body too. 497 00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:57,600 Speaker 1: Is anybody else struggling out here? 498 00:24:58,400 --> 00:25:00,600 Speaker 2: Me struggling? 499 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:04,679 Speaker 3: No matter what. An hour change is pretty shocking to 500 00:25:04,800 --> 00:25:07,600 Speaker 3: our economy and to our bodies and our society. 501 00:25:08,240 --> 00:25:11,840 Speaker 2: So let's look deeper into these two things. First, our bodies, 502 00:25:12,240 --> 00:25:14,960 Speaker 2: how does daylight savings affect our physiology? 503 00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:18,280 Speaker 1: Our circadian rhythm is our sleep wake cycle, right, so 504 00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:21,920 Speaker 1: your body gets into this zone. Mine is a little off. 505 00:25:21,960 --> 00:25:23,119 Speaker 1: We've talked about that, Yes it is. 506 00:25:23,240 --> 00:25:25,199 Speaker 2: Zakia doesn't go to bed till two thirty in the 507 00:25:25,200 --> 00:25:27,560 Speaker 2: morning and then wakes up two hours later. 508 00:25:29,720 --> 00:25:33,720 Speaker 1: When your circadian rhythm gets off or upset, a whole 509 00:25:33,760 --> 00:25:35,920 Speaker 1: host of negative things can happen. We're not going to 510 00:25:35,960 --> 00:25:38,280 Speaker 1: go in too much detailed this episode, but for now, 511 00:25:38,320 --> 00:25:40,399 Speaker 1: what you need to know is that messing with your 512 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:44,000 Speaker 1: body's internal clock doesn't just cause drowsiness. It can cause stress, 513 00:25:44,119 --> 00:25:47,720 Speaker 1: exacerbate any existing health problems, and even can lead to 514 00:25:47,720 --> 00:25:51,320 Speaker 1: seasonal depression. So just know you want to hit the 515 00:25:51,359 --> 00:25:54,680 Speaker 1: sack all right, And daylight saving. 516 00:25:55,080 --> 00:25:58,800 Speaker 2: Is way deeper than just beauty sleep. Yes, it can 517 00:25:58,840 --> 00:26:01,840 Speaker 2: have some spillover effects. Some studies have shown that sleep 518 00:26:01,920 --> 00:26:04,880 Speaker 2: deprivation from daylight saving has led to an increase in 519 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:08,280 Speaker 2: vehicle and workplace accidents. Let me tell you, maybe we 520 00:26:08,280 --> 00:26:10,160 Speaker 2: shouldn't go to work. That's what I'm going to tell 521 00:26:10,200 --> 00:26:13,840 Speaker 2: my boss. I'm like daylight saving. I'm sorry, I don't 522 00:26:13,840 --> 00:26:15,640 Speaker 2: want to crash my car. I'm going to stay home 523 00:26:15,680 --> 00:26:19,080 Speaker 2: and sleep today. I'm going to tell work I think 524 00:26:19,119 --> 00:26:23,120 Speaker 2: I work better in my pajamas anyway, I definitely do. Now, 525 00:26:23,160 --> 00:26:25,879 Speaker 2: let's move on to the second thing Doctor Grant mentioned society. 526 00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:28,080 Speaker 2: The time change has multiple effects. 527 00:26:28,160 --> 00:26:34,040 Speaker 3: Transit schedules are an issue, airline schedules are a real issue. 528 00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:35,680 Speaker 2: And it can also make pollution worse. 529 00:26:35,880 --> 00:26:40,639 Speaker 3: When we use more energy, especially in the Midwest, we 530 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:44,080 Speaker 3: burn something. We tend to burn coal there still or 531 00:26:44,160 --> 00:26:46,920 Speaker 3: natural gas, and when we burn things, we emit pollution, 532 00:26:47,280 --> 00:26:51,240 Speaker 3: so we have that much more pollution as well, which 533 00:26:51,280 --> 00:26:54,800 Speaker 3: is in the form of smog and carbon. 534 00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:57,000 Speaker 2: So that's a whole lot of negative in my book. 535 00:26:57,080 --> 00:26:59,800 Speaker 2: But adjusting our clocks also does have some benefits. We 536 00:26:59,840 --> 00:27:01,639 Speaker 2: have to, you know, say both sides. 537 00:27:01,760 --> 00:27:06,199 Speaker 3: It does increase recreation, So the recreation industry really likes it, 538 00:27:06,240 --> 00:27:09,360 Speaker 3: because you do tend to have people people go do recreate, 539 00:27:09,800 --> 00:27:13,200 Speaker 3: tend to recreate more on the afternoon or evenings, especially socially, 540 00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:15,800 Speaker 3: so that is more likely than at six in the morning. 541 00:27:17,040 --> 00:27:19,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, there's more time for you to go 542 00:27:19,680 --> 00:27:23,359 Speaker 2: out and do stuff outside, and so it's better for 543 00:27:23,400 --> 00:27:25,320 Speaker 2: people who like to do those types of things like 544 00:27:25,920 --> 00:27:29,639 Speaker 2: you know, hiking, biking, going for walks. 545 00:27:29,800 --> 00:27:32,320 Speaker 3: It also does tend to reduce crime a little bit 546 00:27:32,440 --> 00:27:37,359 Speaker 3: because things like muggings, things that would happen in the dark, 547 00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:39,439 Speaker 3: and if we have less people in the dark, in 548 00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:42,639 Speaker 3: other words, we're living during the sunlit hours, it's less 549 00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:45,639 Speaker 3: just likely that those crimes of opportunity might happen. 550 00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:49,080 Speaker 2: So the results of daylight saving are kind of a 551 00:27:49,160 --> 00:27:51,800 Speaker 2: mixed bag. And here in the US, it doesn't look 552 00:27:51,880 --> 00:27:53,959 Speaker 2: like things are going to change on a wide scale 553 00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:58,320 Speaker 2: anytime soon, even though some people, not just men Zekiah 554 00:27:58,400 --> 00:28:01,959 Speaker 2: but also doctor Grant would really like to get rid 555 00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:05,199 Speaker 2: of daylight saving permanently. Before we let her go, she 556 00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:06,200 Speaker 2: gave us our pitch. 557 00:28:06,400 --> 00:28:10,080 Speaker 3: A lot of us have these opportunities now like telecommuning 558 00:28:10,480 --> 00:28:18,240 Speaker 3: and working from home, freelance opportunities where we have the 559 00:28:18,320 --> 00:28:24,000 Speaker 3: Internet and we have instant communication and we have instant 560 00:28:24,000 --> 00:28:28,360 Speaker 3: messager and you know, updates constantly arraging us. It kind 561 00:28:28,400 --> 00:28:30,360 Speaker 3: of doesn't you know, you can check in and find 562 00:28:30,400 --> 00:28:33,760 Speaker 3: out if somebody's awake or not really quick. And I 563 00:28:33,840 --> 00:28:38,960 Speaker 3: really think that we might actually be like kind of 564 00:28:39,520 --> 00:28:46,560 Speaker 3: a post clock period pretty soon, and then localities could 565 00:28:46,560 --> 00:28:48,720 Speaker 3: go back to actually the way it was in the 566 00:28:48,720 --> 00:28:51,400 Speaker 3: eighteen hundreds, where each locality had a little bit more 567 00:28:51,440 --> 00:28:54,680 Speaker 3: of their own time zone and said this works for us, 568 00:28:55,240 --> 00:28:58,960 Speaker 3: this works for our school district, this works for our work. 569 00:28:59,080 --> 00:29:00,680 Speaker 3: We're going to allow our work. There's a little more 570 00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:03,560 Speaker 3: flexibility when they come and go. And I do think 571 00:29:03,560 --> 00:29:04,920 Speaker 3: we have that opportunity now. 572 00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:07,960 Speaker 1: I'm ready to move into a post clock society. 573 00:29:09,560 --> 00:29:12,840 Speaker 2: Imagine that would be amazing. You create your own work schedule, 574 00:29:13,360 --> 00:29:16,920 Speaker 2: you decide what, like what is socially acceptable in your 575 00:29:16,960 --> 00:29:17,560 Speaker 2: own house. 576 00:29:17,920 --> 00:29:20,480 Speaker 1: Yes, actually I may be living there already. 577 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:22,360 Speaker 2: It seems like it's sometime. 578 00:29:22,760 --> 00:29:24,880 Speaker 1: Do you remember I was like, would you like to 579 00:29:24,920 --> 00:29:27,400 Speaker 1: come in? You were like, it's two thirty, I'm going home. 580 00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:29,560 Speaker 1: I want to wake up in my own bed. 581 00:29:29,720 --> 00:29:34,400 Speaker 2: Yes, this happened literally the other night. It was like, okay, friend, 582 00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:36,440 Speaker 2: would you like to I was like, uh uh no, 583 00:29:36,880 --> 00:29:38,640 Speaker 2: I'm getting in my car, I'm going home. I want 584 00:29:38,680 --> 00:29:40,800 Speaker 2: to wake up in my own bed. 585 00:29:40,880 --> 00:29:42,800 Speaker 1: I wasn't planning on going to sleep, so I didn't. 586 00:29:42,600 --> 00:29:47,800 Speaker 2: Understand, Oh, my friend needs to give some sleep. Forget 587 00:29:47,840 --> 00:29:51,480 Speaker 2: daylight saving save me from the Kia. 588 00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:54,920 Speaker 1: You don't mean that, and you don't just lashing out 589 00:29:55,320 --> 00:29:56,160 Speaker 1: the ones you love. 590 00:30:10,120 --> 00:30:12,440 Speaker 2: That's it for Lab seventeen. Don't forget to check out 591 00:30:12,440 --> 00:30:15,120 Speaker 2: our website for a cheat cheet on today's episode. You 592 00:30:15,160 --> 00:30:17,200 Speaker 2: can find it and sign up for our newsletter at 593 00:30:17,200 --> 00:30:19,160 Speaker 2: Dope Labs podcast dot com. 594 00:30:19,200 --> 00:30:22,280 Speaker 1: Also, we love hearing from you. Last week, somebody called 595 00:30:22,320 --> 00:30:24,600 Speaker 1: and talked to me about their instapot. What did you 596 00:30:24,600 --> 00:30:29,200 Speaker 1: think about I enjoyed it? What did you think about 597 00:30:29,200 --> 00:30:31,680 Speaker 1: today's lab? What are your ideas for future labs? Our 598 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:34,560 Speaker 1: number is two zero two five six seven seven zero 599 00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:35,080 Speaker 1: two eight. 600 00:30:35,320 --> 00:30:37,600 Speaker 2: You can also find us on Twitter and Instagram at 601 00:30:37,640 --> 00:30:39,120 Speaker 2: Dope Labs podcast. 602 00:30:38,880 --> 00:30:42,959 Speaker 1: Tt is on Twitter at dr Underscore t Sho. 603 00:30:42,720 --> 00:30:45,680 Speaker 2: And you can find Zakia at z Said So follow 604 00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:48,160 Speaker 2: us on Spotify or wherever else you listen to your 605 00:30:48,200 --> 00:30:51,080 Speaker 2: podcast special thanks to our guests doctor Laura Grant. 606 00:30:51,280 --> 00:30:53,680 Speaker 1: Dope Labs is produced by Jenny rattlet Mass of Wave 607 00:30:53,760 --> 00:30:57,200 Speaker 1: Runner Studios, Mixing and sound design by Hannis Brown, Additional 608 00:30:57,200 --> 00:31:00,600 Speaker 1: production help from Elizabeth Nacano and special thanks to Steve Allman. 609 00:31:00,800 --> 00:31:04,560 Speaker 2: Original theme music is by Taka Yasuzawa and Alex sugi Ura. 610 00:31:04,960 --> 00:31:07,360 Speaker 1: Dope Labs is a production of Spotify Studios and Mega 611 00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:09,600 Speaker 1: Own Media Group, and it's executive. 612 00:31:09,120 --> 00:31:16,000 Speaker 2: Produced by us T. T. Shadia and Zakiah Wattley. My 613 00:31:16,120 --> 00:31:19,960 Speaker 2: second is like, however long, It's like M I S. 614 00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:21,680 Speaker 1: S and what is that thing? Like, No, I know 615 00:31:21,720 --> 00:31:24,680 Speaker 1: what it is. It's one Mississippi, two Mississippi. What were 616 00:31:24,680 --> 00:31:30,000 Speaker 1: you doing? Ala S S I S S I P P. 617 00:31:30,480 --> 00:31:32,479 Speaker 1: That's how I learned to sell Misissippi. But that's not 618 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:33,840 Speaker 1: what I meant.