Speaker 1: High listeners just a quick heads up out of the
Speaker 1: shadows tell stories of people fleeing and living in sometimes
Speaker 1: violent environments. It's the middle of summer in seven and
Speaker 1: the applications for URCA have just opened up. And today
Speaker 1: a brave group of immigrants is at the immigration office
Speaker 1: applying for Lamnistia. They're nervous, they're also scared. They have
Speaker 1: to prove to the government that they've been living in
Speaker 1: this country illegally, and this goes against everything they've done
Speaker 1: to survive in this country, keeping a low profile, living
Speaker 1: in the shadows, dodging lamgra But today all that changes.
Speaker 1: To everyone's surprise, the process is pretty easy. They get
Speaker 1: there at eight am and three hours later they walk
Speaker 1: out with temporary residency cards. Just ask Someone snaps a picture.
Speaker 1: In the photo, they're holding up their cards like they
Speaker 1: got a winning lottery ticket. In celebration, in defiance with pride.
Speaker 1: Everyone's dressed in their Sunday's best. There's a man sporting
Speaker 1: a bushy mustache, hands in his pockets. He's got a
Speaker 1: real eighties swagger. Wrapped around his arm is his wife,
Speaker 1: who has a small smile on her face. Next to
Speaker 1: them is a woman who looks all shocked, clutching her purse,
Speaker 1: standing there frozen, like she's going to wake up any
Speaker 1: moment and this will all have been a dream. Right
Speaker 1: above her are more men with mustaches holding up their cards,
Speaker 1: some smiling, some look baffled, some with stoic faces, and
Speaker 1: one guy looks like he's daydreaming, his eyes darting up
Speaker 1: as the shutter clicks. And in the middle of all
Speaker 1: of that, it's a kid digging through his mom's purse.
Speaker 1: And it's such a small moment, but it touches my
Speaker 1: heart because even in the midst of history being made,
Speaker 1: kids are still kids. This beautiful mosaic of brown faces
Speaker 1: just got a shot at their American dream. And the
Speaker 1: thing about this photo is that, even though it was
Speaker 1: shot thirty five years ago, I can feel the weight
Speaker 1: lifting off their shoulders as they step out of the shadows.
Speaker 1: I'm Patti Rodriguez and I'm ur Glendo, and this is
Speaker 1: out of the shadows. Children of eighty six Immigrants and
Speaker 1: their children have long lived in the shadows of America.
Speaker 1: Their destinies aren't just shaped by where they come from,
Speaker 1: but by their particular place in history. In the lives
Speaker 1: of millions of immigrants and their children were changed by
Speaker 1: one lucky stroke of a pen by an unlikely allen
Speaker 1: President Ronald Reagan. This podcast will examine the ripple effects
Speaker 1: the bill had on first generation kids of immigrants, who
Speaker 1: are navigating intergenerational mobility and transforming the cultural landscape. This
Speaker 1: is an untold story of luck, timing, triumph, opportunity, survival,
Speaker 1: and of course hope. Imagine going from never having a
Speaker 1: chance at being an American, then suddenly, with one signature,
Speaker 1: you got a shot at living in this country illegally.
Speaker 1: Going from being invisible, in constant fear of deportation and
Speaker 1: getting paid less than everyone else, to suddenly being able
Speaker 1: to do small things like getting alone, buying a car
Speaker 1: or a house, to finally have the opportunity to plant roots.
Speaker 1: It was really a path to a new life. But
Speaker 1: this is still America, so of course it wasn't easy
Speaker 1: for everyone to apply for URCA, especially because it was
Speaker 1: hard to prove that they had been living here illegally,
Speaker 1: even though most people like Garcia had been here for decades.
Speaker 1: Sentos Julio Hesters came to this country from Ol Salvador
Speaker 1: in the late seventies. He had heard so much about
Speaker 1: America that it was paradise, a land of opportunities, and
Speaker 1: he wanted to find out for himself. When he arrived
Speaker 1: in l A. One of the first things he did,
Speaker 1: let's go to the movies and me who went through
Speaker 1: no lessons? Yeah, al Senna a momentor I no Sandy.
Speaker 1: It's the summer of nineteen seventy eight and his Who's
Speaker 1: got two tickets to watch this all American musical about
Speaker 1: teenagers falling in love starring two superstars, John Travolta and
Speaker 1: Olivia Newton. John, you haven't guessed it yet. The movie
Speaker 1: was called Crazy Sandy Sandy, and as soon as he
Speaker 1: walked out of the theater, has Who swore he would
Speaker 1: name his first daughter Sandy. And the funny thing is
Speaker 1: that Sandy is actually an immigrant from Australia. My dream
Speaker 1: came true, he says. When his was heard amnesty finally passed,
Speaker 1: he was excited, but he was also scared mad. Has
Speaker 1: Sous wasn't alone. Many people were afraid, confused, conflicted about
Speaker 1: Mark reaching into Lama's office and telling them that they
Speaker 1: had been here undocumented and with reason ever since the
Speaker 1: United States invaded Mexico. Robbing them of half its territory
Speaker 1: in eighteen. The U. S has done everything in its
Speaker 1: power to keep Mexicans and Central Americans from planting roots
Speaker 1: in this country. How can you begin to trust that
Speaker 1: this country actually wants you hear from one day to
Speaker 1: the next when it has spent the last one hundred
Speaker 1: and seventy six years showing you otherwise. Looking at the
Speaker 1: front page of the l A Times or New York
Speaker 1: Times the day after URCA was passed, you would think
Speaker 1: it would be dominating the headlines. We're talking about the
Speaker 1: biggest piece of immigration reform of all time, and all
Speaker 1: the attention had got was a brief mention on section A,
Speaker 1: page twelve of the New York Times and the l
Speaker 1: A Times. As it has always been very Mexican, I
Speaker 1: mean it was literally Mexico before it was America. That
Speaker 1: paper didn't put it on the front page either. Instead,
Speaker 1: they highlighted another bill that went to the President's desk,
Speaker 1: Reagan Beto wing a Clean Water Act because of costs,
Speaker 1: but an Erica nothing crickets. One of the things to
Speaker 1: consider is that even though URCA passed, immigration wasn't covered
Speaker 1: by media outlets the way it is now using tragedy
Speaker 1: for clicks and making it a political issue instead of
Speaker 1: a human rights one. Journalist Marie Lena Sealina says, it
Speaker 1: wasn't like that back then. It was like we we
Speaker 1: didn't exist, We were invisible. But what's wild is that
Speaker 1: even the press got the irony of what the new
Speaker 1: law was asking immigrants to do. This is from a
Speaker 1: New York Times article published three days before Erica was signed.
Speaker 1: For years, illegal aliens have done everything possible to avoid
Speaker 1: document unting their American existence and jobs. Now the government
Speaker 1: says that for them to remain here, they must prove
Speaker 1: they did everything they were not supposed to do. Basically,
Speaker 1: Irka wanted people like my mom to prove that they
Speaker 1: were living in this country undocumented before you had to
Speaker 1: go to the I n s Lamigera and say hey,
Speaker 1: I've been living here illegally for years, and here's proof
Speaker 1: of that. They of course went home and told all
Speaker 1: their friends. This is farm worker advocate Larry Kleinman, who
Speaker 1: we're saying to them, Oh, man, you know, hey, can
Speaker 1: I have your Can I have your car in case,
Speaker 1: you know, you get arrested and don't come back. You
Speaker 1: know that kind of like kidding, kidding on the square
Speaker 1: as they say, you know right, you know, like you
Speaker 1: ain't coming back. You know, you're a damn fool to
Speaker 1: do that, to take that risk. So with all this
Speaker 1: lack of mainstream media coverage and very little outreach by
Speaker 1: the government, it left a vacuum for misinformation out of
Speaker 1: the shadows. Will be right back now, back to the show.
Speaker 1: Our parents didn't have social media back then, but they
Speaker 1: did have chiefs men, even some conspiracy theories and you
Speaker 1: know it's the ms is qualified for amnesty for casey
Speaker 1: you are septo is there? Or applico for lost control
Speaker 1: to me. But he kept hearing so many rumors. One
Speaker 1: of them was that the government was using Urga like
Speaker 1: a microchip to track undocumented people. And it kind of
Speaker 1: makes sense because Erka does sound too good to be true.
Speaker 1: It's like when the police do gun buybacks, no questions asked,
Speaker 1: just bring us those guns and we'll give you a
Speaker 1: Costco gift card. ORCA was asking immigrants to go into
Speaker 1: the lions, then hope for the best and maybe, just
Speaker 1: maybe you'll get the chance to be American. Demotteo's dad
Speaker 1: eventually convinced him to apply well, taso Papa, you may
Speaker 1: see plicas was and what made him change his mind,
Speaker 1: the reason why many immigrants come to this country in
Speaker 1: the first place, his daughter and the dream of attaining
Speaker 1: an education beyond the elementary school teachings. He received responsio
Speaker 1: alien mass alien mass respond eo simple or Indian familiar
Speaker 1: import la with you're not away. It took a lot
Speaker 1: of bravery to be among the first to apply, and
Speaker 1: it was a messy process. URCO applications open on May five.
Speaker 1: That's right, single the mayo. No, I'm not kidding, and
Speaker 1: you only had a year to apply. Larry Kleinman was
Speaker 1: living in Oregon when the applications opened. So applications opened
Speaker 1: on May five, and the legalization office in Portland was deserted.
Speaker 1: Nobody was there, and it was pretty much deserted for
Speaker 1: the whole month of May. Folks were like, I'm not
Speaker 1: I'm not going to be the first. I'm not going
Speaker 1: to be the person to experiment on. It took a
Speaker 1: lot of trust and reassurance from people like Kleinman to
Speaker 1: convince these early applicants. We had a team of ten
Speaker 1: people all together, working in different fashions in a one
Speaker 1: thousand square foot house, and that was our office at
Speaker 1: the time, bursting at the seams. Those first group of
Speaker 1: people were nervous beyond you know, beyond belief right going
Speaker 1: in there that day. But they trusted us. That was
Speaker 1: the important thing, and we said to them, whatever happens,
Speaker 1: you're gonna be okay. Applying for amnesty was like an infomercial.
Speaker 1: Initial fees are only one simple payment of But if
Speaker 1: you act now, you can add one family member under
Speaker 1: eighteen years of age for just fifty dollars. That's right.
Speaker 1: If you act fast, you can bring the whole family.
Speaker 1: The cap per family was set at four and twenty dollars.
Speaker 1: That's not including seventy five dollars for legal fees, twenty
Speaker 1: five dollars for fingerprints and medical examinations. Let's say you
Speaker 1: got the fees covered. Now you have to go apply
Speaker 1: on an I n S. Office. Now, the first obstacle
Speaker 1: is proven that you've been in this country since before
Speaker 1: January one. Then you had to prove that you were
Speaker 1: self supporting or had a job. So if you were
Speaker 1: a quote public charge or receiving government assistance, you were disqualified.
Speaker 1: If you were a felon disqualified. It felt like the
Speaker 1: goal post was constantly shifting. It was like the government
Speaker 1: opened the gates for people to come in, but they
Speaker 1: kept moving the entryway every time you got near it.
Speaker 1: The application period was a year. That's Charles Kalbasaki, author
Speaker 1: of immigration reform, the Corps that Will Not Die, And
Speaker 1: we were requesting an extension of another year, and the
Speaker 1: rules about who was eligible and who wasn't changed like
Speaker 1: fifteen times during the course of that year. Even though
Speaker 1: it was the first immigration reform of its size, they
Speaker 1: weren't exactly hiring Tom Cruise to announce lumness DA. The U. S.
Speaker 1: Government only invested ten million dollars in outreach. That's a
Speaker 1: third of the estimated cost of the Iran Contra deal,
Speaker 1: which traded American hostages for thirty million dollars. Coincidentally, right
Speaker 1: after Reagan signed URGA, I mean, the inc hadn't even
Speaker 1: dry ya and the only question from the press wasn't
Speaker 1: about amnesty, it was about the Iran hostages, and Reagan
Speaker 1: gave no comment. And the other problem with that ten
Speaker 1: million dollar budget was that in turn had to be
Speaker 1: used not just to inform the undocumented about their requirements,
Speaker 1: but was also designed to inform the millions of businesses
Speaker 1: in the country that they would also now be facing
Speaker 1: these new potential penalties if they hired unauthorized workers. So
Speaker 1: someone would say, oh, ten million dollars, that seems like
Speaker 1: it's a lot of money, but that's a pittance. That's
Speaker 1: nothing in terms of what people put into social marketing.
Speaker 1: It was up to people like journalists Lopez, who covered
Speaker 1: Urka at the time. For Lapion, he actually created a
Speaker 1: Spanish language pamphlet for immigrant communities spreading the news of
Speaker 1: amnesty SOLM programs. Community effort played a huge role. When
Speaker 1: the government, realizing the community wasn't trusting the i S office,
Speaker 1: they set up centers all across local churches, and those
Speaker 1: centers accounted for sixty of all amnesty applications. For some families,
Speaker 1: the responsibility of translation fell on their children who spoke English.
Speaker 1: I feel like Latinos have this like sense of community,
Speaker 1: and especially my mom and my grandma and my aunt
Speaker 1: have always kind of been like helpful to other folks,
Speaker 1: you know what I mean. That is rain Solis. She
Speaker 1: was about six or seven years old at that time.
Speaker 1: Her mom and a Willa would go up and down
Speaker 1: the amnesty applicants line asking if anyone needed a bilingual interpreter.
Speaker 1: I do remember that vividly, that it was cold and dark,
Speaker 1: and we were outside and there was just a line
Speaker 1: of people and I was just asked to come to
Speaker 1: the front of the line and translate for somebody who
Speaker 1: did not speak English. There's something you should know about Mexicans.
Speaker 1: They're resourceful as fun. Even before Erica passed, Mexican immigrants
Speaker 1: have been using fake documents to cross the border and
Speaker 1: get work. It was a common thing to buy a
Speaker 1: fake social Security number or amica, the street name of
Speaker 1: a green card. My pops actually used to sell them
Speaker 1: back in the early eighties. Indeed I had Oh well
Speaker 1: that's but now Urka was asking for documents proving that
Speaker 1: you lived in the US for five years, so naturally
Speaker 1: the black market for forged documents exploded. The vast majority
Speaker 1: of that fraud was people really who had worked in
Speaker 1: agriculture but just couldn't prove it. But Kamasaki says there
Speaker 1: were people who straight up line, there were examples of
Speaker 1: folks who claimed that they were agricultural workers, and you know,
Speaker 1: they would be questioned and would say, well, what did
Speaker 1: you do? And they said, well, you know, I harvested
Speaker 1: tomatoes off tomato trees or gave answers. They clearly demonstrated
Speaker 1: that they had never actually harvested a single tomato before.
Speaker 1: But again, most of those documents were because the system,
Speaker 1: the very idea of proof was so complicated. And think
Speaker 1: of it even more, if you're in a situation where
Speaker 1: you might have two or three families in a house
Speaker 1: and so only the utility bill would only be in
Speaker 1: one person's name. Think about if you had you were
Speaker 1: like a migrant worker and you were moving from town
Speaker 1: to town, so even things like school records, you would
Speaker 1: have to go back and pull records from you know,
Speaker 1: five six seven schools or something like that. Employers were
Speaker 1: also accepting fake documents. In a study by C. S U.
Speaker 1: L A. In the late eighties, they interviewed sixties service
Speaker 1: based businesses and found that most accepted fake documents they
Speaker 1: weren't required to check authenticity, especially in jobs like construction
Speaker 1: and landscaping. Also, employers could take advantage of a provision
Speaker 1: that exempted checking paperwork if you only hire for a
Speaker 1: few days, So unless it was quote blatant, employers accepted
Speaker 1: fake documents. Erica led to an increase in the quality
Speaker 1: of those fake documents, and the demand made the costs
Speaker 1: go up as well. It's simple economics, baby. I admire
Speaker 1: the folks who use fake documents to build a new
Speaker 1: life in the States. It is almost downright patriotic. They
Speaker 1: did what they had to to secure a future for
Speaker 1: their families, and scamming it's one of America's great pastimes.
Speaker 1: We're a country built on new beginnings. Out of the shadows,
Speaker 1: will be right back now, back to the show. Adriana
Speaker 1: Venegas was one of those people who used fake documents.
Speaker 1: Her father came first to this country in two and
Speaker 1: would come back from Mexico to work seasonally. Once Urka
Speaker 1: passed and he got amnesty, he made arrangements for his
Speaker 1: wife and children to cross. Once my dad found out
Speaker 1: that he was able to sponsor his kids after legalizing
Speaker 1: himself in seven, he and my mom started planning the move.
Speaker 1: Her mom and dad came up with the plan. Most
Speaker 1: of my my cousins had been born here, legalized, etcetera,
Speaker 1: So we essentially took borrowed cousins birth certificates to help
Speaker 1: my siblings cross. Adriana and her siblings were about to
Speaker 1: cross the border using their cousin's birth certificates. They memorized
Speaker 1: every detail perfectly, and so, for example, I talked to
Speaker 1: my brother the other day and he remembers practicing his
Speaker 1: lines and saying that you know, my uncle was his dad,
Speaker 1: my aunt was his mom, and that he was my cousin.
Speaker 1: Adriana remembers the day vividly. She remembers what she was wearing,
Speaker 1: what she was doing, and even the way the sun
Speaker 1: felled on her face in it was a summer day
Speaker 1: in July. I remember putting on my dress because I
Speaker 1: knew it was coming to the States, so I had
Speaker 1: to look nice, and so as a five year old,
Speaker 1: I put on this little blue dress. I had blue
Speaker 1: flowers and it had like this little bib. And remember
Speaker 1: very vividly seeing my grandfather waved goodbye as the truck
Speaker 1: took off, and then I never saw my grandfather again.
Speaker 1: I have the last the last time I saw them,
Speaker 1: because once we moved here, we were able to go back.
Speaker 1: Her great aunt had to reassure her as he crossed.
Speaker 1: She's my grandmother's sister and her son took me in
Speaker 1: their car, and so they told me, you don't have
Speaker 1: to do anything. You just have to sit here on
Speaker 1: my lab and fall asleep, and then once you wake up,
Speaker 1: you're you're going to be in the States. And I said, okay,
Speaker 1: that's easy enough. I actually did end up falling asleep,
Speaker 1: and it took us all day, I think, to cross
Speaker 1: the line. And at this point it was already dark,
Speaker 1: it was night. So I just ended up falling asleep.
Speaker 1: And so once I woke up, I was in the States,
Speaker 1: and we went to my aunt's place, of my uncle's
Speaker 1: place in Santa Ana. While we waited for my other siblings,
Speaker 1: and one of my siblings, actually my my youngest brother,
Speaker 1: who seven at the time, he ended up getting sent
Speaker 1: to second revision. So you do the first revision. If
Speaker 1: they see that something's a little suspicious, they'll send you
Speaker 1: to the second. So while Adrenna slept, her brother was
Speaker 1: sent to a second checkpoint. The immigration officer took it
Speaker 1: upon himself too to question my brother. Remember he ran in.
Speaker 1: Her siblings all practiced their lines over and over, and
Speaker 1: the whole time my brother did not break from his
Speaker 1: script the entire time. He said, I am my cousin,
Speaker 1: my cousin's name, and I am my uncle's son and
Speaker 1: I am my aunt's son. So the immigration officer was
Speaker 1: interviewing is seven year old, and the seven year old
Speaker 1: understood assignment. The assignment don't deviate from the plant. No
Speaker 1: matter what the mega says or does, he never broke
Speaker 1: what was unbelievable? Who was that? If he hadn't practiced
Speaker 1: as much, and if he hadn't like stuck to his script,
Speaker 1: we'd all have to go back. So the entire thing
Speaker 1: is almost on a seven year old shoulders, and that
Speaker 1: he crossed, we all crossed. The bravery of these kids
Speaker 1: is so inspiring. Both Adriana and her brother had to
Speaker 1: grow up so fast in just minutes. A seven year
Speaker 1: old child was the hero that day, and hearing all
Speaker 1: that makes me think of my own mom. I never
Speaker 1: asked her what her experience applying for amnesty was like
Speaker 1: until now, and she says, it all goes back to
Speaker 1: that backpack I told you about in the first episode,
Speaker 1: the one she was carrying as it were chased by
Speaker 1: the Megata through the desert. I had a lot of
Speaker 1: proofs in my backpack, like you know, doctors papers, when
Speaker 1: my appointments, when I was pregnant with Patty and John,
Speaker 1: and uh, also my work is tabs missed alone is
Speaker 1: a chicken? And uh, that's it. Did you also have
Speaker 1: my dad's paperwork? I had also his papers, so you
Speaker 1: had saved them? Yeah, because you know, I am a
Speaker 1: very nice person of everything. So before you left in Mexico,
Speaker 1: you didn't know anything about this. I didn't know anything,
Speaker 1: and I didn't care. But at that time, I don't
Speaker 1: know what I say, but I just said, well, maybe
Speaker 1: just like to remember that I was here, and I
Speaker 1: put in you know, and inside books, you know, because
Speaker 1: I used to read a lot, so I had a
Speaker 1: lot of books and I and I took the books
Speaker 1: with me, and I put all the papers you know
Speaker 1: in there, and and others and envelopes and yellow envelopes
Speaker 1: and I and I do those papers with me. But me,
Speaker 1: it wasn't me. It was God that put in my
Speaker 1: in my mind, you know, to say these papers, call
Speaker 1: it luck or destiny. But thanks to that bag, she
Speaker 1: didn't have as hard a time applying for amnesty as others.
Speaker 1: She was able to apply to church and have plenty
Speaker 1: of letters of recommendation, but getting amnesty that changed everything
Speaker 1: for her. I feel free, like in this country, I
Speaker 1: can't describe, you know, but it was very happy. I
Speaker 1: write a letter to my my parents right away. Mama,
Speaker 1: I got my green car. After I I got my
Speaker 1: green card, you are like an eagle. Now, eagle, you
Speaker 1: are free. You have the same rights as the president.
Speaker 1: They say you are free. You are free. So I
Speaker 1: started like shaking my body and crying and and always
Speaker 1: give in my mind. I have the same rights as
Speaker 1: the president, the same rights. So nobody's going to stop me.
Speaker 1: I have the same rights as the president. Those are
Speaker 1: some of the most powerful words my mom's ever spoken.
Speaker 1: Even back then, she could feel how monumental it was
Speaker 1: to come out of the shadows, all the struggle that
Speaker 1: she went through, crossing the border twice just to secure
Speaker 1: my family's future. And I don't know if I could
Speaker 1: ever pay her back. But one thing I know is
Speaker 1: that I want people to know this story. I want
Speaker 1: to make sure that these voices are heard, because even
Speaker 1: today there are people still living in the shadows, millions
Speaker 1: of people. Good is the story of multiple realities. These
Speaker 1: people that we talked to were just some of the
Speaker 1: few who were able to get amnesty. They were the
Speaker 1: lucky ones. It was life changing for Patty's mom my parents,
Speaker 1: Adrianna and Timith, Theo and all the people in the
Speaker 1: photo we told you about at the top of the show.
Speaker 1: Those people in the photo were only there because of
Speaker 1: Larry Kinman. He felt like he was part of something
Speaker 1: bigger and the smiles were palpable ft away. People can
Speaker 1: imagine raising families. People would imagine establishing themselves permanently. People
Speaker 1: could imagine themselves going to work and not being afraid
Speaker 1: of not coming home at the end of the day.
Speaker 1: But at the same time, Erica was a reminder to
Speaker 1: folks living in this country, being American as can be,
Speaker 1: that they still were and wanted and given how difficult
Speaker 1: it was to apply, I don't know imagine how many
Speaker 1: more people could have got an amnesty. Most analysts believe
Speaker 1: at least of the eligible population never got legalized. Remember,
Speaker 1: this is still a story of luck. Like as who's
Speaker 1: got to see yuh the big grease fan. He wasn't
Speaker 1: so lucky. Has Sus never even got to apply for amnesty.
Speaker 1: He was too afraid because he had a criminal record.
Speaker 1: The cops arrested him in a group of salvador Anios
Speaker 1: because they thought he was associated with them. As thirteen.
Speaker 1: But in order to understand how that went down, we
Speaker 1: have to go back tell Salvador in the late nineties seventies.
Speaker 1: You'll hear that story next episode, next time on Out
Speaker 1: of the Shadows, Children of eighty six. The story it's
Speaker 1: even more complicated in pain for us. We take a
Speaker 1: look at what it was like for people like Cassus,
Speaker 1: people who weren't Mexican, and to talk about that, we
Speaker 1: have to look at Reagan's other legacy, his destruction of
Speaker 1: Central America. If you love this podcast, please help us
Speaker 1: get the word out by following, rating, reviewing, and sharing
Speaker 1: it with your friends. Out of the Shadows is written
Speaker 1: by Caesar Hernandez. It's also written, edited, hosted, an executive
Speaker 1: produced by Patti Rodriguez and Eric Galindo. It's produced by
Speaker 1: Bett Cardanas, Karen Lopez and Gabby Watts. It's sound design
Speaker 1: mixed and mastered by Jesse nice Longer. Our studio engineer
Speaker 1: is Clay Hillenburg. Karen Garcia That's Me is our announcer.
Speaker 1: Out of the Shadows is the production of Seeing Me
Speaker 1: Other Productions and School of he Men's in partnership with
Speaker 1: I Hearts Michael Tura podcast Network. The podcast is also
Speaker 1: executive produced by Giselle Banzes, Virginia Prescott, Brandon Barr, and
Speaker 1: Chad Crowley. Our marketing and our team is led by
Speaker 1: Jasmine Mehia. Original music by a Arenas and if you
Speaker 1: loved his cover of Los Caminos la vida this podcast
Speaker 1: theme song, you can listen to it on all music platforms.
Speaker 1: Historical audio for Out of the Shadows comes from the
Speaker 1: Reagan Presidential Library and the National Archives. Special thanks to
Speaker 1: Ian Vargas, Alex and Ali, Caitlin Becker, gob Chabran, Daisy Church,
Speaker 1: Angel Lopez Glendo, Julianna Gamis, Ryan Gordon, Brian Matheson, Claudia
Speaker 1: Marty Corena, Oscar Ramidz, John Rodriguez, Juan Rodrie Guess, Joshua Sandoval,
Speaker 1: Eric Sclar, Tony Sorrentino, and Megan tan with the other
Speaker 1: me