Speaker 1: Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of iHeartRadio and Grim
Speaker 1: and Mild from Aaron Mankey listener discretion advised, Hey, this
Speaker 1: is Danish Wortz. Just one quick announcement before we actually
Speaker 1: get into today's episode. I am so excited, but this
Speaker 1: summer in July, I am helping to lead a pilgrimage
Speaker 1: to the south of France to talk about Julia Child
Speaker 1: with an amazing program called common Ground. You might know
Speaker 1: this is the one, two three. This would be the fourth,
Speaker 1: oh my gosh, the fourth pilgrimage I've done with this program.
Speaker 1: I do them because I love them. They're absolutely incredible.
Speaker 1: For the better part of a week, you get together
Speaker 1: with an amazing group of people, go on long walks,
Speaker 1: talk about literature and history, write and just sort of
Speaker 1: get in touch with yourself in a way that you
Speaker 1: really don't in normal life. I think there are still
Speaker 1: some spots left. You should absolutely look it up. The
Speaker 1: program is Common Ground. We'll be talking about Jewel Child
Speaker 1: in Provence, reading some of her letters, reading some short
Speaker 1: stories that relate to themes of community and pleasure, and
Speaker 1: food and again just eating delicious food, going on long
Speaker 1: walks in the South of France. It's sort of my
Speaker 1: dream trip. And what really makes these trips amazing is
Speaker 1: the people who come on them. So if you're a
Speaker 1: listener of this podcast, I imagine that you're, you know,
Speaker 1: my type of person, and I would love to have
Speaker 1: you there. So just wanted to throw that out before
Speaker 1: the episode. Now let's get into it. Sirano de Bergerac's
Speaker 1: friend was terrified. The friend had offended account and now
Speaker 1: word was one hundred men were waiting to ambush him
Speaker 1: on the count's orders. He and sirrah No walked through
Speaker 1: the darkened streets of seventeenth century Paris towards their likely doom,
Speaker 1: and Sirho said something astonishing quote, I will save your
Speaker 1: life on one condition. You must wait behind me, do
Speaker 1: not attempt to interfere. The friend was incredulous. The rumors
Speaker 1: were one hundred men were going to attack him. Surely Sirraho,
Speaker 1: a man renowned for his wit, had to be joking.
Speaker 1: The few other friends accompanying them that night were incredulous too.
Speaker 1: It was a small group of men waiting by the
Speaker 1: sin supporters of Sirino. Although they were by no means
Speaker 1: eager to join such an unfair fight, they were stunned
Speaker 1: that Sirno apparently did not want any help at all.
Speaker 1: There was also a bitter rival.
Speaker 2: In the group who had come just to gloat over
Speaker 2: Sierno's inevitable demise. Even he was gobsmacked by the devisive
Speaker 2: musketeer's brash spirit, especially once the small group neared the
Speaker 2: Portinous legate and saw the huge crowd of hired ruffians
Speaker 2: lurking there with knives, clubs, and swords. But when Sirno
Speaker 2: was questioned by his companions, he just thumbed his famed
Speaker 2: nose stand back. I wished to fight them alone. Then
Speaker 2: he drew his rape here and walked toward the mob.
Speaker 2: Seeing the lone figure approach, the thugs laughed and jeered.
Speaker 2: Was this guy drunk, stupid, or downright suicidal? As it
Speaker 2: turned out, none of the above. Well, maybe he was
Speaker 2: a bit drunk. Sirno and his buddies had spent most
Speaker 2: of the afternoon at a tavern, But he wasn't kidding,
Speaker 2: he wasn't delirious, and he didn't have a death wish.
Speaker 2: Sirno strode on unhurried. When the first hoodlum came at
Speaker 2: him with his massive sword. Syrno deftly fliced his neck,
Speaker 2: felling him in one blow. Every other wholigan sprung into action,
Speaker 2: but Sirno maneuvered so his assailant could only attack one
Speaker 2: at a time. Then, with incredible skill, he dispatched them
Speaker 2: one after another until two were dead, seven were wounded,
Speaker 2: and the rest had fled. When Sirno's friend came to
Speaker 2: check on him and ask if he should put the
Speaker 2: wounded out of their misery, Sierraho replied, no, leave them,
Speaker 2: they will tell the story. Or actually, maybe it was
Speaker 2: eight men wounded instead of seven, and maybe Sireno's final
Speaker 2: line was really back to the tavern, or even that
Speaker 2: will teach people to mess with poets. In reality, most
Speaker 2: accounts of that famous fight are fictitious or highly exaggerated,
Speaker 2: as are many other tales about the larger than life character,
Speaker 2: including one of the most famous plays of the nineteenth century.
Speaker 2: But at the core of everything, there really was a
Speaker 2: real French swordsman named Sereno de Bergerac, who was quite
Speaker 2: the swashbuckling soldier poet, and in many cases the truth
Speaker 2: about him is even more beguiling than the fiction. I'm
Speaker 2: Danish schwartz and this is noble blood. To get a
Speaker 2: sense of the man behind such a legendary character, we
Speaker 2: have to unravel multiple myths, many of which Serho actually
Speaker 2: started and or embellished himself. Our first legend to unpack
Speaker 2: is the name. Our famous Frenchman was born in sixteen
Speaker 2: nineteen with the full name Sevignyon de Sereno de Bergerac.
Speaker 2: In keeping with family tradition, he would have been commonly
Speaker 2: known as seven yen d Sereno. However, seemingly, at some
Speaker 2: point in his adolescence he chose to start going by
Speaker 2: Sereno de Bergerac. This shift caused a fair amount of
Speaker 2: confusion in his time, as well as for some later
Speaker 2: biographers and writers. The shortening was purportedly very intentional. Unlike
Speaker 2: his father able to Seraino, ending on de Bergerac made
Speaker 2: Sereno sound more high born. It made it seem as
Speaker 2: if Serno was a noble from Bergerac, an idyllic town
Speaker 2: in a wine growing region of southwest France. But according
Speaker 2: to modern historians, sierrah No did not actually come from
Speaker 2: an aristocratic lineage, nor was he due to inherit sizable lands.
Speaker 2: Sereno's grandfather, a fishmonger son himself, had worked hard to
Speaker 2: nab an administrative role in the world royal French court,
Speaker 2: and was given a relatively modest estate near Bergerac. This
Speaker 2: certainly lifted his family from more humble, seafood scented origins,
Speaker 2: but it didn't naturally place them among the powerful nobility.
Speaker 2: But clearly Sierno had aspirations of fully joining the fancy
Speaker 2: patrician ranks. According to one seventeenth century writer, there were
Speaker 2: five basic paths to becoming a noble at that time.
Speaker 2: Most required direct access to a prince or to King
Speaker 2: Louis the thirteenth, and the procurement of some kind of
Speaker 2: royal favor. However, one path was simpler, a quote career
Speaker 2: of arms. After finishing college in Paris, Sierno leaned into
Speaker 2: his shortened name and bold new identity and got accepted
Speaker 2: into a company of mostly high class gascon musketeers who
Speaker 2: assumed he was a similar gascon or someone from the
Speaker 2: gascony province of France. Sure, being a member of this
Speaker 2: king's guard brought inherent danger, but as we'll soon get to,
Speaker 2: that was actually a big draw for Sera. Now, our
Speaker 2: second prominent piece of lore, to pardon me sniff out,
Speaker 2: is the nose. Serra No having a monstrously large snout
Speaker 2: is probably the most remembered detail about him. In Edmund
Speaker 2: Rostin's famous play Sereno de Bergerac, which debuted in eighteen
Speaker 2: ninety seven, Serrao's ludicrously large nose was an overwhelming source
Speaker 2: of self doubt. He was convinced that it made him
Speaker 2: so ugly that no woman would love him. Here, the
Speaker 2: playwright was not an utter Pinocchio. He did not wholly
Speaker 2: fabrice kate the notable olfactory feature, although he did greatly
Speaker 2: exaggerate its proportions. Apparently in reality, Sierraho reportedly did have
Speaker 2: a distinct nose of above average size, but there is
Speaker 2: a whiff of doubt about his level of sensitivity about it.
Speaker 2: Some historians claim Serho's nose was indeed a source of
Speaker 2: shame and likely contributed to his confrontational nature. It's easy
Speaker 2: to see why when both friends and foes often made
Speaker 2: hyperbolic jokes about it, such as one of his contemporaries
Speaker 2: jests that Sierraho's nos quote forms in the middle a
Speaker 2: mountain which looks as if it ought to be after
Speaker 2: the Himalayas the highest mountain in the world, not the
Speaker 2: best jab creatively, but still probably had to sting. But
Speaker 2: other writers actually assert that Syno was quite proud of
Speaker 2: his preeminent snout. A portrait engraved roughly a year before
Speaker 2: his death shows a nose that was substantial but not staggering.
Speaker 2: It also depicts Serrano in a three quarter profile, an
Speaker 2: odd angle for him to have chosen for his picture.
Speaker 2: If he was that self conscious about his nose to
Speaker 2: examine the whole matter nose to tail, it's conceivable that
Speaker 2: multiple accounts on the matter were true. Sirrono quite possibly
Speaker 2: was touchy about his appearance early in his life, especially
Speaker 2: as an insecure teenager and young adult, but perhaps he
Speaker 2: came around to accept his unique face and even drew
Speaker 2: some of his signature panache from it. A third key
Speaker 2: part of Sirino's fabled persona was that he was an
Speaker 2: epic no it all in countless dramatized versions of Sereno's
Speaker 2: life held a witty, sharp tongued wordsmith, and this mostly
Speaker 2: does seem to align with historical descriptions of the real
Speaker 2: life Sirrano. As a young cadet, he frequented wine shops,
Speaker 2: where he fell in with a crowd of creative, ambitious
Speaker 2: freethinkers who called themselves libertines. Inspired by these intellectuals, sirra
Speaker 2: No delved into poetry and philosophy. He rebelled against the government,
Speaker 2: societal norms, and against his favorite target of all, the
Speaker 2: Catholic Church. He wrote ample satires about priests and cardinals,
Speaker 2: while also getting into numerous spicy feuds with other artists.
Speaker 2: Sirno always backed up his words with action, though, which
Speaker 2: brings us to our final legendary element to unpack his
Speaker 2: reputation as an unbeatable swordsman, and on this point, basically
Speaker 2: every biography, tale, and dramatic narrative agrees. Sierra No reputedly
Speaker 2: fought in many duels, so many that, in addition to
Speaker 2: broadly describing him as a poet, philosopher, and playwright, most
Speaker 2: works written about him cite duellist as one of his
Speaker 2: main vocations. Interestingly, while sierrah No certainly rubbed some people
Speaker 2: the wrong way, he apparently rarely fought on his own behalf.
Speaker 2: Most often, he was recruited as backup by others who
Speaker 2: wanted the ultimate ringer for their clashes. In a letter,
Speaker 2: he even joked about how in demand he was with
Speaker 2: duels quote, it would be false to say that I
Speaker 2: am the first among men, For in the last month,
Speaker 2: I swear I have been second to everybody, a pun
Speaker 2: on the fact that being second in a duel means
Speaker 2: you're the main dualist's backup. All in all, this fighting
Speaker 2: spirit may have been his calling card, but it also
Speaker 2: would possibly lead to his downfall. The question of what
Speaker 2: drove Serano to fight with verbal barbs and actual swords
Speaker 2: provides invaluable insight into who he truly was and eventually
Speaker 2: what would become of him, and there are several interesting
Speaker 2: theories on the matter of his core motivation. One potential
Speaker 2: driving force was again a yearning to be a member
Speaker 2: of the nobility, as evidenced by a year's long conflict
Speaker 2: with his father over his chosen name and persona. Sireno's
Speaker 2: commitment to his lifestyle may have underlined a desperate need
Speaker 2: to attain wealth and power atop the social hierarchy, and
Speaker 2: for the noble young Parisian musketeers of Sierrano's air, gallivanting
Speaker 2: around and challenging people to duels was supposedly a key
Speaker 2: part of a noble's daily routine. That said, the duels
Speaker 2: weren't just preening and posturing, people frequently died in them. Furthermore,
Speaker 2: royal edicts had outlawed duels in the city and promised
Speaker 2: harsh punishments for those caught in the act, including banishment
Speaker 2: or execution if the duellists didn't first die in the duel,
Speaker 2: that is. And yet, if certain estimates are to be believed,
Speaker 2: Sirno participated in hundreds of duels, which does not seem
Speaker 2: to fully fit with a simple goal of just ascending
Speaker 2: to the aristocracy. In other words, even as an elite
Speaker 2: sword fighter, Sirho presumably still could have gotten invited to
Speaker 2: plenty of swanky parties without filling his calendar quite so
Speaker 2: full of very risky fights to the death. Various writers
Speaker 2: have offered another motivation.
Speaker 1: Love.
Speaker 2: Were sirrah NOO's battles of wit and swords a way
Speaker 2: to showcase his dashing bravery, a sort of dramatic peacocking.
Speaker 2: In Rostan's famous play, sirrah No's deep yet tragic love
Speaker 2: for his cousin Roxane informs his entire emotional arc. And
Speaker 2: to be clear, his arc with Roxanne isn't tragic because
Speaker 2: their cousins and unable to pursue romance that was not
Speaker 2: uncommon back then, although the Church did attempt to limit
Speaker 2: marriage between closely related people. As you may recall, his
Speaker 2: nose is actually the tragically steep obstacle impeding a mutual
Speaker 2: attraction with Roxanne, and so, according to that version of
Speaker 2: the story, doubting his chances with his beloved Siera no
Speaker 2: famously helps a tongue tied but handsome fellow soldier wu
Speaker 2: Roxanne instead. Overall, Rostan's play was actually thoroughly researched and
Speaker 2: contains many accurate details, but the romance was a creative invention.
Speaker 2: Sereno did have a female cousin who may have been
Speaker 2: an inspiration for Roxanne, but there seems to be no
Speaker 2: evidence that he loved her. In general, historians and writers
Speaker 2: of different eras have disagreed on Siereno's romantic inclinations. Some
Speaker 2: have claimed he wasn't all that interested in pursuing fulfilling
Speaker 2: relationships with women. Others have asserted more outright that he
Speaker 2: was a homosexual. That latter theory provides probable context for
Speaker 2: Sierrano's tumultuous relationship with an older writer and musician, Charles
Speaker 2: Desusi According to some scholars, De Susi had a sinister
Speaker 2: reputation for using his social standing to seduce and manipulate
Speaker 2: younger male artists. This could have been the case with Sirno,
Speaker 2: although the full story was probably even more complicated. Judging
Speaker 2: by certain letters, documents, and biographical texts, Sirno had an
Speaker 2: intimate relationship with Dasusi through most of his twenties, but
Speaker 2: their bond then turned extremely bitter and escalated into a
Speaker 2: vicious rivalry involving death threats and both men circulating derisive
Speaker 2: open letters. All this to say, Sierno's love life was
Speaker 2: likely fraught and may have fueled some of his more
Speaker 2: spiteful written work, but seemingly love was not the catalyst
Speaker 2: in many of his most memorable exploits. Perhaps, as some
Speaker 2: modern historians claim, a more all encompassing motivation for Sierno
Speaker 2: was a sweeping desire to be revered and remembered. That
Speaker 2: would definitely help explain his obsession with duels and the
Speaker 2: hyping up of his sword fighting triumphs. Case in point,
Speaker 2: that famed fight at the Poor Denesle on the Seen
Speaker 2: that we mentioned in the introduction of this episode. The
Speaker 2: brawl did reportedly happen. It might not have been one
Speaker 2: hundred men versus one, as various rumors and brags insisted,
Speaker 2: but it still showcased Sierrano's courage and knack for staging
Speaker 2: his impressive victory despite being significantly outnumbered, as well as
Speaker 2: his selectivity in choosing which witnesses to bring a long
Speaker 2: created ideal conditions for the legend to spread, and of course,
Speaker 2: his role as the loyal protector of a friend in
Speaker 2: need made Sereno quite the inspiring hero. Accordingly, as one
Speaker 2: prominent biographer of Sereno de Bergerac put it, this episode
Speaker 2: was a prime example of his quote temptation of heroism.
Speaker 2: Serano's longing for glory went far beyond fighting, though in fact,
Speaker 2: a major shift in Sierno's life seemingly occurred when, to
Speaker 2: put it bluntly, he tried to put his ass kicking
Speaker 2: days behind him. He fully leaned into his literary endeavors,
Speaker 2: assuming the written word would be an even better path
Speaker 2: to lasting respect and artistic immortality. Unfortunately, like his romantic
Speaker 2: arc in fictionalized versions of his life, Sierno's writing career
Speaker 2: followed a tragic trajectory. His eloquent letters and plays were
Speaker 2: enjoyed by some, but he struggled to find a larger
Speaker 2: audience to support himself along the way. As a writer,
Speaker 2: he worked for a wealthy patron, dedicating poems and other
Speaker 2: works to him, but Sereno would become creatively frustrated. As
Speaker 2: an escapist outlet, he began working on an expansive satirical
Speaker 2: novel titled The Other World Comical History of the States
Speaker 2: and Empires of the Moon. Sirano spent years on his
Speaker 2: magnum opus, but unfortunately he did not live to see
Speaker 2: it published. In sixteen fifty four, the daring duellist turned
Speaker 2: novelist met an uncharacteristically mundane bit of fortune. While Sereno
Speaker 2: was entering the house of his wealthy patron, a worker
Speaker 2: apparently dropped a block of wood on his head, or
Speaker 2: at least that's what happened according to Rusten's play. Other
Speaker 2: counts paint a similar picture, often hinting that the supposed
Speaker 2: accident was in fact a premeditated act of revenge for
Speaker 2: Sierno's past duels or feuds. Analysis by a few historians
Speaker 2: even point to Serno possibly having been injured in an
Speaker 2: attack on his patron's carriage, which could have either been
Speaker 2: an unrelated crime or again an act of vindictive foul play.
Speaker 2: Whatever the case, Sereno convalesced for over a year in
Speaker 2: his cousin's home, then died in sixteen fifty five at
Speaker 2: the age of thirty six. However, as we know, that
Speaker 2: was far from the end of his story. It's hard
Speaker 2: to think of many historical figures whose romanticized legacies more
Speaker 2: greatly eclipsed their actual lives, to the point that many
Speaker 2: are genuinely surprised to learn that a real Sierraeno de
Speaker 2: Bergerac actually existed. Ralston's play was largely to thank for
Speaker 2: that the theater production featured highly celebrated French actors when
Speaker 2: it premiered in Paris in eighteen ninety seven and became
Speaker 2: an instant, roaring success. Critics praised its delightfully rhyming verses,
Speaker 2: and the French public reportedly fell for the compelling romantic story,
Speaker 2: while taking national pride in the way the play showcased
Speaker 2: the country's iconic musketeer era. The original cast members performed
Speaker 2: the noseworthy noteworthy play hundreds of times in Paris, then
Speaker 2: various iterations of the show toured throughout Europe, up North Africa,
Speaker 2: the Middle East, and North America. The drama was initially
Speaker 2: performed in French, but was soon translated into many other languages.
Speaker 2: Acclaimed stagings graced Broadway as well as numerous renowned theaters
Speaker 2: and festivals across the world, and the play eventually inspired
Speaker 2: musical and cinematic adaptations, novels, operas, radio plays, and TV
Speaker 2: episodes of varying genres. In pop culture, Sierraho's name started
Speaker 2: intrinsically conjuring up images of absurdly large noses, and then
Speaker 2: became shorthand for a scenario in which one person helps
Speaker 2: ghostwrite another's love interest. There's irony to be found in
Speaker 2: the fact that some of the least accurate parts of
Speaker 2: Sierrano's story became the most widely repeated. On the other hand,
Speaker 2: this isn't that so prizing, because ay, that's the way
Speaker 2: history so often goes. And b we must again remember
Speaker 2: that the seeds of so many of those myths were
Speaker 2: planted by Sireno himself. Sereno modified his name and constantly
Speaker 2: tried to beef up his own reputation. He helped his
Speaker 2: wealthy patron compose eloquent letters to presumably pass off as
Speaker 2: his own, and he wrote innumerable witty zingers about others,
Speaker 2: some even pointing out their big noses. For example, as
Speaker 2: a teenager, Siereno wrote a comedic play that was a
Speaker 2: thinly veiled rebuke against a hated professor at his college.
Speaker 2: In that play, a character describes the professor's appearance using
Speaker 2: many creative insults, including the crack that quote his nose
Speaker 2: arrives everywhere a quarter of an hour before its master,
Speaker 2: in something of a cruel twist. These insults then served
Speaker 2: as inspiration for the playwright Rosstand, who had the theatrical
Speaker 2: version of Sierrano rattle off a run of similar snooty
Speaker 2: diggs about himself in his play. So while the playwright
Speaker 2: Rostand deserves accolades for popularizing the legend of Serrano, Sereno
Speaker 2: deserves plenty of credit for mythologizing himself as well. Given
Speaker 2: the real life Sereno's skill at crafting legends, it would
Speaker 2: seem a distinct tragedy if the works he was most
Speaker 2: proud of never saw the light of day. Thankfully, that
Speaker 2: wouldn't be the case. After Sirho died, his friend and
Speaker 2: later biographer henri Le Brett published The Other World, comical
Speaker 2: History of the States and Empires of the Moon and
Speaker 2: its sequel, The States and Empires of the Sun. From
Speaker 2: a literary perspective, the novels are fascinating and have been
Speaker 2: lauded by many for their imaginative storytelling, as well as
Speaker 2: their importance to the science fiction genre. In fact, lines
Speaker 2: of influence can be drawn from Sirno's works of fiction
Speaker 2: to that of heavyweights like Jonathan Swift, Voltaire HDL's, and
Speaker 2: Jules vern. Sirno's novels predicted several futuristic technologies, including a
Speaker 2: type of audiobook, and he was arguably the first writer
Speaker 2: to clearly describe rocket power based space travel. The book's
Speaker 2: sci fi concepts are undoubtedly intriguing, but so are their
Speaker 2: philosophical and personal themes. As many historians advise, caution should
Speaker 2: be used when linking artists work to their personal lives.
Speaker 2: But that said, it's pretty difficult in this case since
Speaker 2: so many components are forgive me so on the nose.
Speaker 2: The protagonist of these novels is named Sirrho and spoiler alert.
Speaker 2: After finally making it to the Moon, he finds an
Speaker 2: alien civilization whose interests come off as eerily similar to
Speaker 2: Sierrano de Bergerac's own. The moon Men have specific naming conventions,
Speaker 2: atheist philosophies, and they cherish and honor big noses. Given
Speaker 2: the real Sirrho's audacious personality, it's also tempting to imagine
Speaker 2: whether he would have looked down his proud nose at
Speaker 2: all of the even wilder portrayals of him to come.
Speaker 2: Those depictions obviously accentuated unflattering characteristics, but if his primary
Speaker 2: motive throughout his life was indeed to be remembered, then
Speaker 2: mission accomplished right. Syrno's own correspondence suggests that he cared
Speaker 2: little about being a divisive figure as long as people
Speaker 2: were talking about him. In one letter, he basically summed
Speaker 2: this up, stating, in truth, it is a very great
Speaker 2: consolation to me to be hated because I am loved
Speaker 2: to find enemies everywhere, because I have friends everywhere. All
Speaker 2: in all, sierrah No quite possibly would have felt grateful
Speaker 2: for Rostand and other writers who immortalized him as they did,
Speaker 2: although knowing sierrah No, he still probably would have found
Speaker 2: reasons to challenge them to duels. That's the swashbuckling story
Speaker 2: of the real Serano de Bergerac, but stick around after
Speaker 2: a brief sponsor break to hear another surprising French connection
Speaker 2: to several more fabled Musketeers. Another factor in the massive
Speaker 2: success of Rostand's play Serena de Bergrek was the lasting
Speaker 2: popularity of the eighteen forty four novel by Alexander Duma
Speaker 2: and his collaborator, The Three Musketeers. Not only did that
Speaker 2: story promote ample nostalgia for a period of bold adventuring
Speaker 2: in French history, it also provided a blueprint for crafting
Speaker 2: a compelling piece of fiction based on historical figures. Because
Speaker 2: similar to how the fictional character of Serena was modeled
Speaker 2: on a real guy, so too were the lead characters
Speaker 2: from The Three Musketeers. And fascinatingly, there is evidence to
Speaker 2: suggest that Sirho very likely knew the real Count d'artagnian,
Speaker 2: the inspiration for the novel's protagonist, as well as the
Speaker 2: renowned trio of Athos, Porthos and Aramus. In fact, Sirano
Speaker 2: reportedly fought alongside d'Artagnan in a siege in sixteen forty,
Speaker 2: and by sixteen forty one was almost assuredly in the
Speaker 2: same Gaskin Regiment as the Three Musketeers. Now there's a crossover,
Speaker 2: I would love to see. Noble Blood is a production
Speaker 2: of iHeartRadio and Grim and Mild from Aaron Manke. Noble
Speaker 2: Blood is hosted by me Dana Schwartz, with additional writing
Speaker 2: and research by Hannah Johnston, Hannaswick, Courtney Sender, Amy Hit
Speaker 2: and Julia Milani. The show is edited and produced by
Speaker 2: Jesse Funk, with supervising producerrima Ill Kali and executive producers
Speaker 2: Aaron Mankey, t, Trevor Young, and Matt Frederick. For more
Speaker 2: podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or
Speaker 2: wherever you listen to your favorite shows.