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Speaker 1: Hey, everybody, just want to give a quick tour update

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Speaker 1: because we have three shows coming up very very soon

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Speaker 1: with plenty of great seats available.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. On January twenty seventh, twenty eighth, and twenty ninth,

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Speaker 2: we're going to be in your town's Denver, Seattle, and

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Speaker 2: San Francisco, and tickets are still available. You can go

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Speaker 2: to stuff youshould Know dot com, click on the on

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Speaker 2: tour button and you can click on get tickets and

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Speaker 2: it will take you to go get tickets and we

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Speaker 2: hope to see you guys soon.

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Speaker 1: That's right. Denver, you're doing great. Seattle, we love you guys.

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Speaker 1: San Francisco, we love you guys. So come on out

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Speaker 1: and see us. How about that.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, we'll see you guys very soon.

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Speaker 3: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh and there's

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Speaker 2: Chuck and Jerry's here too, and we're just hanging out

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Speaker 2: and we decided, Hey, do some talking about time keeping,

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Speaker 2: so that's what we're doing today.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. Olivia helped us put this one together. I think

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Speaker 1: the charge was, Hey, how about something on the history

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Speaker 1: of time keeping? Mm hm without getting two in the

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Speaker 1: weeds about how all of these things work, because that's

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Speaker 1: a whole other thing, like if you want to really

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Speaker 1: break down clocks and watches. But I think she did

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Speaker 1: it just right. The Goldilock zone, as they say.

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Speaker 2: Oh nice, nice astronomical cosmological reference there.

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Speaker 1: Well, I think that is a reference for a lot

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Speaker 1: of things, right, Nope, that Okay.

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Speaker 2: Where'd you get this idea? Because this was when you

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Speaker 2: came up with.

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Speaker 1: You know, man, I don't know. I think I was

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Speaker 1: maybe thinking about a watch on my wrist and then

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Speaker 1: wondering or no, maybe I saw someone had a what

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Speaker 1: do you call those things that call it hourglass, and

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Speaker 1: I was wondering about just hourglasses, and then I started

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Speaker 1: thinking about like just you know, the concept of time

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Speaker 1: and when people started keeping time, and I was kind

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Speaker 1: of had a hunch and I was right that, you know,

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Speaker 1: the need to keep time didn't come around til much later.

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Speaker 1: So like as we'll see, early timekeeping was more like

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Speaker 1: seasonal or astrological, and it didn't get to be a

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Speaker 1: thing like hey, I have an appointment at a certain

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Speaker 1: minute until much much later.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but earlier than you'd think, or earlier than I thought.

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Speaker 1: At least yeah, agreed.

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Speaker 2: So speaking of timekeeping, you really can kind of say

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Speaker 2: the whole thing just started out with the sun. And

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Speaker 2: one of the neat things about life on Earth is

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Speaker 2: that you can cast a shadow. Most things cast a shadow,

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Speaker 2: with the exception of maybe like amba or something like that.

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Speaker 2: But if you put like a stick in the ground,

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Speaker 2: it's going to cast shadows that move throughout the day.

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Speaker 2: And if you really pay attention to this kind of stuff,

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Speaker 2: you can actually use it to track time throughout the day.

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Speaker 2: And that is almost certainly the earliest way that humans

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Speaker 2: track time. And the stick they put in the ground

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Speaker 2: is widely known as anomon g nom n. I think

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Speaker 2: it means rod in Greek. Maybe I also saw that

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Speaker 2: it was slang in Greek for penis. No really, yeah,

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Speaker 2: and that just.

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Speaker 1: Just just like, hey, to check out the gnomon on

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Speaker 1: that guy.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, almost exactly. If not that, but just said an

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Speaker 2: ancient Greek Oh okay, got cha hellenic. Yeah, but just

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Speaker 2: tracking the shadow that the gnomon cast, hopefully just a

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Speaker 2: stick in the ground. Yeah, that's that was early timekeeping.

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Speaker 1: Oh man, I have a thousand jokes. I'm just gonna

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Speaker 1: walk right past at this point.

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Speaker 2: Good for you. Buddy, you're a pro.

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Speaker 1: I know growing up here it's fifty four. So that was, yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's what people use for the longest time, and that eventually,

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Speaker 1: as we'll see, would carry over to things like sundials.

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Speaker 1: But it's no surprise that China was way ahead of

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Speaker 1: the game as far as timekeeping goes, because the oldest

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Speaker 1: surviving sort of actual thing that we have comes from

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Speaker 1: northern China, from an archaeological site that they found dated

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Speaker 1: back to twenty three hundred BC. And again, as you'll see,

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Speaker 1: this is a recurring theme. Like I mentioned, it wasn't

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Speaker 1: necessarily like hey, we got to keep the time from

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Speaker 1: day to day. It's more like, let's calculate the seasons

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Speaker 1: or you know, the things happening up in the sky.

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Speaker 2: Right, because it was snowing in the middle of China

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Speaker 2: and somebody said what season is it, and somebody else said,

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Speaker 2: let's find out what this nomon And the other person's like, no,

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Speaker 2: don't pull that out, and they're like no, I mean

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Speaker 2: the stick.

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Speaker 1: Right, They said, you can get canceled for that, right.

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Speaker 2: So if you're like, well that sounds a lot like

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Speaker 2: a sun dial, you're right. The thing that sticks up

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Speaker 2: for the sun dial is a no mon. There's another

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Speaker 2: version of it that's even earlier than the sun dial,

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Speaker 2: it seems from ancient Egypt, called the shadow clock. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: it's actually really hard to describe. It's much easier to

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Speaker 2: just go look up. But imagine a capital t laying

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Speaker 2: flat on its back on the ground and it's raised

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Speaker 2: its head and neck up to look at its feet.

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Speaker 1: That's essentially that's kind of perfect. Actually, thank you.

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Speaker 2: I really thought about that one for a while. I

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Speaker 2: have to admit. But the shadow that that crossbar the

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Speaker 2: top of the tea casts on the rest of the

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Speaker 2: tea over the day is demarcated, so you can track

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Speaker 2: six hours a day as the sun is rising in

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Speaker 2: the east, and then you turn it around at noon

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Speaker 2: and then you track the next six hours of the

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Speaker 2: sun is setting in the west. Pretty spectacular considering that's

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Speaker 2: close to three thousand years old.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, for sure for that descriptor to help you that

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Speaker 1: you were laying flat on your back with your neck

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Speaker 1: raised up looking at your feet.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, sadly, I have to admit that I had to

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Speaker 2: go lay down and figure it out myself. Okay, that's good,

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Speaker 2: but yes I was.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, nice work. Finally to the sun dial. The first

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Speaker 1: round sun dial that we kind of know as a

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Speaker 1: sun dial seems like it was created by a Greek

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Speaker 1: philosopher name annex Mander, very cool name, not Alexander, but

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Speaker 1: Annexmander of Malaitis. This was sixth century BC, but again

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Speaker 1: probably still tracking seasons at this point. The first sun

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Speaker 1: dials out of Greece that actually marked hours, like when

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Speaker 1: people started keeping track of the hourly time, and as

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Speaker 1: we'll see it, you know, it just gets more specific

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Speaker 1: until be eventually much later we'll get to minutes. But

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Speaker 1: the hourly timekeeping started in three point fifty BCE.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and then very quickly after that, around two to

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Speaker 2: eighty BCE, they came up with the Hemi cycle, which

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Speaker 2: is imagine like a cube block of stone with a

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Speaker 2: basin a bowl carved out of the middle, and then

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Speaker 2: they managed to cut it perfectly in half so that

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Speaker 2: you just have half of a bowl. That's a Hemi cycle,

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Speaker 2: Because it turns out all you need is half a

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Speaker 2: ball to make a sun dial like that. And I

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Speaker 2: really do wonder if somebody built them like that, like

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Speaker 2: they'd make the one, split it in two and then

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Speaker 2: all of a sudden they had two hemicycles to sell.

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Speaker 1: I bet you're getting really good at describing things at

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Speaker 1: this juncture in your career.

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Speaker 2: It took me long enough for almost two year eighteen.

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Speaker 2: It is. It's dismaying to try to explain something and

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Speaker 2: just make it even more confusing than it was initially.

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Speaker 2: I finally got dismayed enough that I decided to do

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Speaker 2: something about it. And what I did was lay down

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Speaker 2: naked and think it over.

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Speaker 1: By the way, quick correction because a listener just wrote

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Speaker 1: in about this, we're about to be at your nineteen

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Speaker 1: and completed your eighteen technically no really, yeah, because you're

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Speaker 1: nineteen and you're twenty are the are you know the

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Speaker 1: two next years? Does that make sense?

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Speaker 2: It does, But I feel like it's wrong because started

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Speaker 2: in April two thousand and eight and going to April

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Speaker 2: of twenty twenty six, eighteen years completed. I see, yeah,

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Speaker 2: I should have known right when somebody busted out mathis

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Speaker 2: it's just been like, yeah, that's right.

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Speaker 1: The cool thing about the Hemi cycle, besides the fact

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Speaker 1: that people back then probably said, is that thing a

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Speaker 1: hemi when they walked by, you know, it couldn't resist

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Speaker 1: that one. But they knew at that point it was

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Speaker 1: a pretty smart thing that the sun's position changes over

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Speaker 1: the course of the year, over the course of those seasons,

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Speaker 1: obviously shorter winter hours, which we're going to get to,

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Speaker 1: but they accounted for that. They had sun dials that

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Speaker 1: would show the time using multiple arcs carved into the

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Speaker 1: hemisphere to account for that sun changing over the course

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Speaker 1: of the year.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So like the lines of the hours went up

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Speaker 2: like longitude, and then the seasons were like latitude, and

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Speaker 2: I guess just depending on how high up or how

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Speaker 2: shallow the shadows where you could tell what season it

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Speaker 2: was because it was within one of those arcs, or

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Speaker 2: two of those arcs, or three or four.

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Speaker 1: Right, Yeah, and you know I mentioned the seasonal hours

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Speaker 1: when Greek sun dials started dividing daytime into twelve equal parts.

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Speaker 1: Obviously not hours, because we eventually ended up at twenty

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Speaker 1: four like not hours as we know it. But they

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Speaker 1: would depend on the length of the season, so it's

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Speaker 1: not like they accounted for it so they were all uniform.

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Speaker 1: It was just like, hey, sometimes during the year, what

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Speaker 1: they will one day call an hour is longer than others,

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Speaker 1: which would lead to some kind of a cool thing

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Speaker 1: where ancient texts in Greece would refer to that like

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Speaker 1: a winter hour is something that could be done in

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Speaker 1: a shorter amount of time, Like that'll just take you

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Speaker 1: a winter hour.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, And so this was the ancient Greeks. This lasted

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Speaker 2: well into the medieval period. That's how people did hours.

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Speaker 2: The hour was longer in the summer, the hour was

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Speaker 2: shorter in the winter, and it was essentially their way

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Speaker 2: of what we do for daylight savings time by adjusting.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, except where just you know, modern humans are way

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Speaker 1: too anal to just let it kind of flow like

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Speaker 1: that still got to be exact, you.

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Speaker 2: Know, right, right, Okay, so you got the sun dial,

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Speaker 2: and everybody was like, well, we move around a lot

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Speaker 2: and not every place has a sun dial, but I

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Speaker 2: always want to know what time it is. And what

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Speaker 2: humans do is take a technology and figure out how

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Speaker 2: to shrink it down into a portable size. And they

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Speaker 2: did that with sun dials too, usually made of bronze,

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Speaker 2: and because they were mobile, they would also have settings

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Speaker 2: and often instructions on how to adjust it depending on

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Speaker 2: where you were in the world. Like some of the

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Speaker 2: ancient ones that have been found have like just put

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Speaker 2: it to this setting if you're in Constantinople, or put

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Speaker 2: it in this setting if you're in Luxer, right, and

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Speaker 2: then other ones you kind of have to figure it

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Speaker 2: out a little more based on latitude. But they were

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Speaker 2: portable and essentially they were like pocket watches but amazing

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Speaker 2: bronze spheres sometimes.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, So, like once they could do that, they would

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Speaker 1: hang it facing the sun so that that little pointer

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Speaker 1: I guess it was still called a gnomon at this point, I.

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Speaker 2: Would think so. I think some people still call them

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Speaker 2: gnomons when they're referring to sun dials.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I think you're right. But they would face the

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Speaker 1: sun so that that pointer's shadow would hit the correct hour.

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Speaker 1: Later on, they had different types that had like a

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Speaker 1: pinhole that let the beam of sunlight come through and

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Speaker 1: actually shine a mark on the hour, which was like

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Speaker 1: super advanced at the time.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it was like the staff of raw model.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah.

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Speaker 2: So there was a big reason that people were keeping

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Speaker 2: track of the hours in ancient Rome, especially by the

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Speaker 2: time Rome came around. It wasn't necessarily to keep appointments,

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Speaker 2: although they certainly had that kind of thing, or to

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Speaker 2: keep time on stuff. One of the big things over

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Speaker 2: the years in different cultures, it turns out, was they

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Speaker 2: needed to time things, especially for something like drawing water.

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Speaker 2: Like water was a communal resource and everyone had a

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Speaker 2: certain allotment, and they would divvy up those allotments not

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Speaker 2: by measuring how much water was taken out, but as

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Speaker 2: much water as you can within this you know, before

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Speaker 2: this beam of sunlight reaches this little line essentially, right.

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Speaker 1: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, But in Rome they had an extra reason for it,

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Speaker 2: and that was because the hours of every single day,

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Speaker 2: or the first twelve hours of every single day, because

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Speaker 2: it wasn't initially that they were also like, let's track

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Speaker 2: the nighttime too. They just tracked from sunrise to sunset typically. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: each of those hours was associated with the different astrological sign.

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Speaker 2: It was called planetary hours, and it was because so

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Speaker 2: you could maximize whoever you were worshiping. So like if

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Speaker 2: you were worshiping Seline the moon goddess, you wanted to

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Speaker 2: do that three hours after sunrise on Monday, and so

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Speaker 2: you would use some sort of time keeping device to

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Speaker 2: keep track of that.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, And the same, of course is true in Islam.

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Speaker 1: Once that became a big thing, the Muslims adopted sun

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Speaker 1: dials because they're you know, have to pray and at

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Speaker 1: different increments at different times, so it was really to

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Speaker 1: kind of keep up with their prayer hours. And they

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Speaker 1: are the ones who came up with, like, if you

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Speaker 1: have a sun dial in your garden, it's a little thing,

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Speaker 1: which we have one of those, about one for Emily

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Speaker 1: a few years ago. Cute. That kind of sun dial

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Speaker 1: is what the Muslims came up with. The one that's

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Speaker 1: got the flat circular base, and that nomon is am

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Speaker 1: I saying that right, Yeah, the nomon is parallel to

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Speaker 1: the polar axis of the planet Earth.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. They also laid trigonometry on the whole thing and

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Speaker 2: came up with a bunch of different kinds of sun dials.

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Speaker 2: There's one that was conical, and remember the Hemi cycle.

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Speaker 2: Imagine taking that and just kind of squishing the bowl

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Speaker 2: and adjusting it at an angle. That's what a conical

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Speaker 2: sun dial is. They look amazingly cool, So I say,

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Speaker 2: look one of those up.

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Speaker 1: And then finally I think before we break, we should

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Speaker 1: give a shout out to early thirteenth century Moroccan mathematician

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Speaker 1: Abou al Hasan al Marakushi, because this is the dude

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Speaker 1: that was finally like, you know what uniform hours is

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Speaker 1: where it's at, and we should start kind of keeping

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Speaker 1: track of this stuff in a uniform way, like actual

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Speaker 1: real timekeeping, and that kind of spread out all over

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Speaker 1: the world from there.

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Speaker 2: Very nice. Yeah, all right, well let's take that break.

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Speaker 2: Then it's time.

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Speaker 1: All right, we'll be right back up with Joe shoe

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Speaker 1: on Chow.

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Speaker 3: Stop you shit, okay, Chuck.

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Speaker 2: So we're back, and before we move on, I want

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Speaker 2: to say that I finally got it. Reggie Watts.

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Speaker 1: Did you listen to it?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, when I was qaing and I got it, and

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Speaker 2: I was like, man, that zuumed right past me.

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Speaker 1: Well you were in a thought and I slipped it

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Speaker 1: in there very stealthily.

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Speaker 2: It was very great. All right, nice little treat for

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Speaker 2: we're talking about the National Radio Quiet Zone episode. By

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Speaker 2: the way, everybody, that's right, so you got sun dials.

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Speaker 2: Next thing that we moved on to is water. A

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Speaker 2: bunch of different cultures came up with water clocks. It's

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Speaker 2: not clear if again it started in China and moved

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Speaker 2: to Greece and then moved to the Muslim countries. Who knows,

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Speaker 2: But it's also possible that this that people came up

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Speaker 2: with us. There were just so many things available to

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Speaker 2: you to use to try to keep track of time,

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Speaker 2: and there were really simple water clocks. Water was eventually

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Speaker 2: used to run mechanical clocks, but the first ones essentially

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Speaker 2: were like almost our glasses made of water.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean, essentially, what you're doing is you're either

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Speaker 1: keeping track of time by water draining out of something

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Speaker 1: that's marked by increments, or filling something up that's marked

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Speaker 1: by increments.

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Speaker 2: Right, yeah, pretty much. I mean that's essentially it. And

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Speaker 2: you could supplement sun dials with these, because on a

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Speaker 2: sun dial, if it was really overcast, yeah, you had

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Speaker 2: no idea what time it was at night. These things

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Speaker 2: worked as well, though really there were two problems with them.

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Speaker 2: One was that they would freeze. If it was freezing water,

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Speaker 2: clock probably wouldn't work quite as well. And then also

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Speaker 2: the viscosity of water can change depending on variables like

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Speaker 2: temperature and stuff like that, so they weren't entirely accurate

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Speaker 2: or reliable all the time. But they did the trick

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Speaker 2: for enough time that people started to improve on them

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Speaker 2: and add different kind of engineering principles like floats and

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Speaker 2: valves and siphons to regulate water more accurately.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I wonder if there was ever like, sorry, I'm late,

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Speaker 1: you know, we had a cold snap. My water clock froze,

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Speaker 1: Like you got to move those things inside, buddy.

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Speaker 2: I guarantee somebody use that excuse.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, for sure. But because of the issues with water

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Speaker 1: and temperature and stuff like that, mercury became a pretty

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Speaker 1: reliable substitute. This was in tenth century CE, and it

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Speaker 1: was a Chinese engineer who figured this out, and that basically,

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Speaker 1: you know, solved a lot of the problems because mercury

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Speaker 1: wouldn't freeze, it wouldn't have different viscosities at different temperatures,

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Speaker 1: and it would ensure that you're on time to that appointment.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and that engineer was Jiang si Jun.

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Speaker 1: Nay show off. I was just gonna walk right past that.

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Speaker 2: Here's my favorite kind of early Oh me too, is it? Yeah?

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Speaker 2: I surprised. Yeah, incense clocks.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, and I'm not even into incense anymore. I was

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Speaker 1: in college. I think, like most people.

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Speaker 2: Are same here. I used to burn some frank incense man.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, me too, But I really love this one. This

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Speaker 1: existed in China at least since the sixth century CE.

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Speaker 1: Also in other parts of Asia and Korea and Japan

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Speaker 1: for sure. But it's I love the idea because essentially

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Speaker 1: it's it's almost like a fuse, and as we'll see

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Speaker 1: it sometimes was a literal fuse, but incense was burned

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Speaker 1: and used as a timer, like how quickly does that

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Speaker 1: thing burn down and stop burning?

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Speaker 2: Yeah. The coolest ones though, were incense clocks that were

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Speaker 2: like a box and it was essentially like an intricate

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Speaker 2: maze that you would pack with incense and then light it.

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Speaker 2: And there were different I guess stencils that you'd put

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Speaker 2: on top of the box to create different times. So

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Speaker 2: like if you wanted an hour, that was a very

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Speaker 2: simple maze. If you wanted the whole night, it was

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Speaker 2: a much more intricate maze. And that's another thing I

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Speaker 2: would say to look up. There's a lot of stuff

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Speaker 2: you should go and look up throughout this episode, and

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Speaker 2: incense clocks are definitely one of them.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, but I'm glad you saved this one for me

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Speaker 1: because I think it's the coolest part about all of

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Speaker 1: the incense clock stuff is that they had different sense

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Speaker 1: and it just makes sense over the course of a

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Speaker 1: night where you could smell the time, so you knew

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Speaker 1: when a certain smell came up what time it was,

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Speaker 1: which I think is super like ingenious and its simplicity,

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Speaker 1: and also like, you know, you know what happens at

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Speaker 1: sandal with time, sexiest time.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I've got jokes that I'm keeping it myself.

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Speaker 1: Yeah good.

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Speaker 2: There are also alarm clocks. You could use the heat

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Speaker 2: from an incense stick I guess or whatever to basically

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Speaker 2: burn through a thread and drop a bunch of like

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Speaker 2: bells or something into a metal dish. That'll wake you

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Speaker 2: up for sure every time. And apparently Chinese messengers would

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Speaker 2: take incense and light one end and put the other

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Speaker 2: in between their toes and wake themselves up like that,

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Speaker 2: which is man, just drink a bunch of water. That's

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Speaker 2: all you need to do. Don't burn your toes.

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Speaker 1: Yeah that's true, but like I said, that's like literally

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Speaker 1: lighting a fuse and it like, you know, you get

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Speaker 1: the hot foot and you know it's time to get

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Speaker 1: up and deliver the mail or whatever.

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Speaker 2: That's right.

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Speaker 1: We also have candle clocks that came along. This is

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Speaker 1: the medieval era. Notably, Alfred the Great supposedly would get

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Speaker 1: his day together and time it by six candles. Each

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Speaker 1: would burn for about four hours, so six times four

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Speaker 1: twenty four.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. You could also take say a four hour candle

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Speaker 2: and break it, like just mark equal lines across it

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Speaker 2: and basically track of time like that too. Then there's astrolabes.

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Speaker 2: I'm not even gonna try to really describe an astrolab Yeah, go.

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Speaker 1: Look those up.

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Speaker 2: They are incredibly intricate mechanically. They were invented by Muslims

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Speaker 2: in I think the sixth century CE, so it's just

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Speaker 2: amazing that they were able to do this. And astrolabes

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Speaker 2: were used at c until the sexton came along about

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Speaker 2: a thousand years later. Essentially, that's how effective they were.

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Speaker 2: But you could navigate with them, you could survey with them.

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Speaker 2: You could also keep time with them because you just

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Speaker 2: adjust the astrolabe to mimic the stars or something like that,

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Speaker 2: and you can be like, oh, it's two thirty, it's

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Speaker 2: Sandalwood time.

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Speaker 1: That's right, it's Sandalwood time. Then we finally get to

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Speaker 1: the hour glass. Yes, but later than you think, and

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Speaker 1: especially and I'm glad Livia dug Deep because she's a

402
00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:08,320
Speaker 1: great researcher. But if you just sort of do cursory

403
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Speaker 1: Internet research. You might find a lot of people saying

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00:21:10,520 --> 00:21:14,920
Speaker 1: it's ancient Egypt, but that's probably not the case. It's

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Speaker 1: actually much later than that, probably the late medieval period

406
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Speaker 1: that hourglasses came along, and actually after the mechanical clock

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Speaker 1: that's nuts. The earliest known reference is in Italy in

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Speaker 1: thirteen thirty eight. And you think an hourglass is pretty

409
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Speaker 1: easy to make, like, you know, you just blow the

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Speaker 1: glass in a certain way and throw the sand in there.

411
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Speaker 1: But sanda spinicky as you know, as far as humidity

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Speaker 1: and moisture goes, So you had to get the sand

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Speaker 1: in there, you had to seal it up, but you

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Speaker 1: couldn't seal it up with any kind of moisture because

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Speaker 1: it would clump up. So it's a little trickier to

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Speaker 1: make an hourglass than you might imagine.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, when it's humid out, the soap opera Days of

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Speaker 2: Our Lives never get started, right, It's sad.

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Speaker 1: Was that the one you watched in college?

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Speaker 2: I think that's what people wrote in and said, yeah, I'm.

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Speaker 1: Pretty sure I couldn't remember.

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Speaker 2: So one of the other things humans do when they

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Speaker 2: have an invention that's popular and widespread, they don't just

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Speaker 2: shrink it down to a miniature portable size. They also

425
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Speaker 2: just show off they do whatever they can to make

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Speaker 2: it even cooler. And there were a succession of inventors

427
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Speaker 2: in different parts of the world over the years that

428
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Speaker 2: did some really neat stuff with say like water clocks.

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Speaker 2: One was a guy named Andre Nkos. He was from

430
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Speaker 2: Macedonia and he built what's called the Tower of Winds

431
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Speaker 2: in Athens. It's this I think hexagon or octagon made

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Speaker 2: of marble that's fifteen meters or about forty five feet tall,

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Speaker 2: still standing, but when it was in use, it had

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Speaker 2: water clocks that had sundials, you could gauge the wind,

435
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Speaker 2: you could tell what was going on celestially. He just

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Speaker 2: basically packed every Niedo timekeeping invention that was around at

437
00:23:00,920 --> 00:23:02,040
Speaker 2: the time end of this thing.

438
00:23:02,800 --> 00:23:04,760
Speaker 1: Yeah, and like you said, a lot of people just

439
00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:08,480
Speaker 1: started getting just sort of fancy with it and actually

440
00:23:08,520 --> 00:23:11,480
Speaker 1: just really creative. In eighth century CE, there was a

441
00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:15,239
Speaker 1: Chinese Buddhist monk who along with his colleagues, created a

442
00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:18,480
Speaker 1: clock that was a water powered wheel had a gear system.

443
00:23:18,560 --> 00:23:21,120
Speaker 1: This is when gears really started becoming a huge thing

444
00:23:21,160 --> 00:23:23,959
Speaker 1: in time keeping. Yeah, and it did a single rotation

445
00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:26,080
Speaker 1: every twenty four hours, which you think, like, all right,

446
00:23:26,160 --> 00:23:30,040
Speaker 1: that just sounds sort of regular. But it also had

447
00:23:30,080 --> 00:23:32,359
Speaker 1: like bells chiming on the hour, and I had a

448
00:23:32,440 --> 00:23:35,680
Speaker 1: drumbeat that chimed every quarter hour. So this is when

449
00:23:35,720 --> 00:23:37,919
Speaker 1: like kind of hearing chimes and things to tell you

450
00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:38,960
Speaker 1: what time it was came in.

451
00:23:39,600 --> 00:23:44,080
Speaker 2: It went but in every fifteen that's right. There's a

452
00:23:44,119 --> 00:23:47,200
Speaker 2: guy named Sousung who is very famous for his thirty

453
00:23:47,240 --> 00:23:49,720
Speaker 2: five foot I also saw it described as forty foot

454
00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:52,840
Speaker 2: clock tower. One of the things it did were there

455
00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:56,479
Speaker 2: were mannequins that came out and rang gongs. Yeah, like

456
00:23:56,520 --> 00:23:58,960
Speaker 2: you usually associate this with like maybe some sort of

457
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,240
Speaker 2: cuckoo clock or something like that. This is from the

458
00:24:02,400 --> 00:24:06,439
Speaker 2: eleventh century, so it's pretty impressive that he came up

459
00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:08,760
Speaker 2: with this. And again it was a water clock, like

460
00:24:08,800 --> 00:24:12,040
Speaker 2: this is running on water. And then someone else who

461
00:24:12,040 --> 00:24:15,959
Speaker 2: put water clocks to great use was a just this

462
00:24:16,080 --> 00:24:21,920
Speaker 2: amazing inventor and engineer. His name was Ismael al Jazari.

463
00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:25,600
Speaker 2: He was from Upper Mestamia, and his whole thing was

464
00:24:25,640 --> 00:24:32,520
Speaker 2: not just accurate clock timekeeping, but just essentially delightful little

465
00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:36,080
Speaker 2: add ons that did some cool stuff. He created what's

466
00:24:36,119 --> 00:24:38,960
Speaker 2: called the castle clock. That's pretty neat, but for my money,

467
00:24:39,280 --> 00:24:43,520
Speaker 2: look up the elephant clock. There's a life size replica

468
00:24:43,640 --> 00:24:46,600
Speaker 2: of it at a museum I think in Saudi Arabia,

469
00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:49,800
Speaker 2: and you can see, you know, how it works and

470
00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:52,680
Speaker 2: what it does. But essentially, water just moves from part

471
00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:55,480
Speaker 2: to part. There's a scribe in the middle riding on

472
00:24:55,520 --> 00:24:57,919
Speaker 2: the elephant. There's another person on the front of the

473
00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:00,360
Speaker 2: elephant driving it. There's another guy way up there play

474
00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:05,600
Speaker 2: symbols and stuff. It's just amazing, especially when you learn

475
00:25:05,680 --> 00:25:08,000
Speaker 2: about how every single step works.

476
00:25:08,040 --> 00:25:10,280
Speaker 1: Yeah that thing you sent that to me, that was

477
00:25:10,359 --> 00:25:14,840
Speaker 1: super cool looking. Yeah, very ornate. Now we kind of

478
00:25:14,840 --> 00:25:16,960
Speaker 1: get to the point, shall we break her? Can we

479
00:25:17,040 --> 00:25:17,440
Speaker 1: keep going?

480
00:25:17,920 --> 00:25:19,760
Speaker 2: Yeah, let's take a break, all right.

481
00:25:19,800 --> 00:25:24,960
Speaker 1: We'll be right back up with Joe shoe on cho.

482
00:25:26,760 --> 00:25:28,240
Speaker 3: Stuff is shit.

483
00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:43,119
Speaker 1: All right, So we're back to wrap it up on

484
00:25:43,200 --> 00:25:48,080
Speaker 1: clocks and eventually spoiler watches. But we're at the point

485
00:25:48,080 --> 00:25:50,879
Speaker 1: now where clocks kind of start ticking and we're getting

486
00:25:50,880 --> 00:25:54,600
Speaker 1: closer and closer to keeping track of seconds, although that'll

487
00:25:54,640 --> 00:25:57,080
Speaker 1: be a second till we get to it. But as

488
00:25:57,119 --> 00:26:02,640
Speaker 1: for mechanical clocks, go those water powered Chinese clocks arguably

489
00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:06,399
Speaker 1: were their first mechanical clocks. And again it's one of

490
00:26:06,440 --> 00:26:08,840
Speaker 1: those things where they don't know if people invented these

491
00:26:09,359 --> 00:26:12,119
Speaker 1: in Europe or their Muslim world at the same time,

492
00:26:12,520 --> 00:26:14,320
Speaker 1: or if it kind of spread out from one place

493
00:26:14,359 --> 00:26:19,240
Speaker 1: to another. Another origin story is maybe mechanical clocks came

494
00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:23,480
Speaker 1: from Europe with it. Would it be Gerbert? I think so,

495
00:26:24,240 --> 00:26:27,919
Speaker 1: Gerbert of Arlac, who was a French scholar, but you

496
00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:32,360
Speaker 1: might know him a little better as Pope Sylvester the Second. Oh, okay,

497
00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:36,040
Speaker 1: because he would become pope later on. He developed I

498
00:26:36,040 --> 00:26:39,919
Speaker 1: guess in his pre pope days a mechanical type timekeeping device,

499
00:26:40,680 --> 00:26:44,560
Speaker 1: like truly mechanical in nine ninety six CE. But then

500
00:26:44,600 --> 00:26:46,640
Speaker 1: it took a few hundred years for it to become

501
00:26:46,840 --> 00:26:48,879
Speaker 1: like for mechanical clocks to become a real thing. It

502
00:26:48,880 --> 00:26:50,159
Speaker 1: didn't really catch on, right.

503
00:26:50,040 --> 00:26:52,439
Speaker 2: Which makes some people suspect that that he might not

504
00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:56,840
Speaker 2: have actually done that. Yeah, so what's happened here? I

505
00:26:56,880 --> 00:27:00,120
Speaker 2: guess we've transitioned from tracking the movement of water to

506
00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:04,200
Speaker 2: track time to actually using the kinetic energy in water

507
00:27:04,720 --> 00:27:08,080
Speaker 2: that's say, flowing downhill, to run gears and stuff like that.

508
00:27:08,200 --> 00:27:13,760
Speaker 2: Those are the mechanical time devices that were some of

509
00:27:13,800 --> 00:27:16,159
Speaker 2: the original mechanical It's like the Chinese came up with

510
00:27:16,200 --> 00:27:19,320
Speaker 2: this a very long time ago. When Europe got involved,

511
00:27:19,600 --> 00:27:24,240
Speaker 2: they removed water to run gears and replace them with weights.

512
00:27:24,280 --> 00:27:27,320
Speaker 2: But it's the same principle at work. Like if you

513
00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:30,560
Speaker 2: hold a weight up on a rope and let it

514
00:27:30,600 --> 00:27:33,480
Speaker 2: fall down, gravity's gonna pull it toward the Earth and

515
00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:37,719
Speaker 2: it's releasing kinetic energy. If you can control its descent,

516
00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:41,040
Speaker 2: you can use that to turn gears into keep track

517
00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:44,200
Speaker 2: of time in a very specific way. I mean, it's

518
00:27:44,240 --> 00:27:47,840
Speaker 2: not nearly as accurate as anything we tracked time with today,

519
00:27:48,240 --> 00:27:51,240
Speaker 2: but it was still pretty impressive that they were making

520
00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:52,840
Speaker 2: these in like the thirteenth century.

521
00:27:53,520 --> 00:27:56,479
Speaker 1: Yeah, for sure. There was a monk in twelve seventy

522
00:27:56,480 --> 00:28:01,639
Speaker 1: one named Robertus Anglicus who he talked about there was

523
00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:05,920
Speaker 1: actually a Latin term horologia, which is the Latin term

524
00:28:05,960 --> 00:28:09,480
Speaker 1: for time measuring device, and they were using weights to

525
00:28:09,560 --> 00:28:12,359
Speaker 1: turn wheels like exactly one time over the course of

526
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:15,120
Speaker 1: one day. And again they would get kind of break

527
00:28:15,119 --> 00:28:17,640
Speaker 1: that down and get more specific as they learn more

528
00:28:17,640 --> 00:28:20,879
Speaker 1: about gears and how the weights work. But you know,

529
00:28:20,920 --> 00:28:23,840
Speaker 1: the weights if you look at a grandfather clock or

530
00:28:24,040 --> 00:28:26,920
Speaker 1: a cuckoo clock, like these things all have and we'll

531
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:29,640
Speaker 1: get to the pendulums. Not only pendulums and a grandfather clock,

532
00:28:29,720 --> 00:28:32,400
Speaker 1: but it's weights that are still operating this thing.

533
00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:36,240
Speaker 2: Yeah, and one of the inventions that really kind of

534
00:28:36,520 --> 00:28:41,640
Speaker 2: it was a game changer. It's called the virgin foliot mechanism. Essentially,

535
00:28:41,720 --> 00:28:44,200
Speaker 2: you remember in Karate Kid two where all of those

536
00:28:44,480 --> 00:28:49,960
Speaker 2: okay now and villagers are sitting there playing their hand drums. Yeah, yeah, okay,

537
00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:54,640
Speaker 2: So that's essentially a virgin of foliot kind of imagine

538
00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:57,800
Speaker 2: the drum part is the I think foliot, and the

539
00:28:57,920 --> 00:29:01,800
Speaker 2: verge is the handle and when there's like a crown wheel,

540
00:29:02,040 --> 00:29:06,440
Speaker 2: the gear the main gear that operates a clock. When

541
00:29:06,480 --> 00:29:10,920
Speaker 2: it turns, it turns the folliot, and the folliot turns

542
00:29:11,240 --> 00:29:13,480
Speaker 2: like slowly one way and then slowly back another and

543
00:29:13,520 --> 00:29:16,280
Speaker 2: when it moves back in position, the gear is allowed

544
00:29:16,280 --> 00:29:19,800
Speaker 2: to turn. So you're actually controlling the kinetic energy of

545
00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:23,040
Speaker 2: those weights that's falling and making the whole thing move,

546
00:29:23,480 --> 00:29:26,120
Speaker 2: and by doing that in a precise way, that's how

547
00:29:26,160 --> 00:29:27,400
Speaker 2: you can keep track of time.

548
00:29:28,160 --> 00:29:31,640
Speaker 1: Yeah, and you know it stays constant because that thing

549
00:29:31,720 --> 00:29:34,080
Speaker 1: is constantly stopping and starting, so it's going to keep

550
00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:36,800
Speaker 1: that weight from picking up momentum as it goes down

551
00:29:36,840 --> 00:29:39,760
Speaker 1: and descends. So that's how you get the constant speed.

552
00:29:40,720 --> 00:29:43,160
Speaker 1: And that's also how you can create a ticking sound.

553
00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:46,120
Speaker 1: It's just that little, you know, constant intermittent movement.

554
00:29:46,360 --> 00:29:49,200
Speaker 2: Yeah. And the but you wouldn't it doesn't move like

555
00:29:49,280 --> 00:29:52,680
Speaker 2: an Oknawan hand drum moves. I mean, it moves not

556
00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:57,200
Speaker 2: as fast, I should say, be out of control clock.

557
00:29:58,320 --> 00:30:01,000
Speaker 1: Yeah. Didn't that drum move faster faster the more intense

558
00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:02,600
Speaker 1: that the scenes got in that movie?

559
00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:06,240
Speaker 2: Hmm, yeah, oh yeah, Man, it really helped build the

560
00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:09,160
Speaker 2: suspense I think during the main fight maybe.

561
00:30:09,800 --> 00:30:11,800
Speaker 1: Yeah. I mean, this is a pretty smart device for

562
00:30:11,840 --> 00:30:12,160
Speaker 1: a movie.

563
00:30:12,200 --> 00:30:14,160
Speaker 2: It was a good sequel as far as sequels go.

564
00:30:14,800 --> 00:30:17,440
Speaker 2: They didn't just you know, build on the last one.

565
00:30:17,480 --> 00:30:21,280
Speaker 2: They really kind of went all out and recreating things.

566
00:30:21,560 --> 00:30:24,200
Speaker 1: Yeah. And one of the great bad movies of all time.

567
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:26,800
Speaker 1: And I'm lobbying to get on a friend of the

568
00:30:26,800 --> 00:30:29,680
Speaker 1: show The Flophouse, the best bad movie podcast out there

569
00:30:29,680 --> 00:30:32,440
Speaker 1: in my opinion, to do Karate Kid three, which is

570
00:30:34,000 --> 00:30:36,160
Speaker 1: hugely entertaining as a bad movie.

571
00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:40,640
Speaker 2: Is that even worse than Jaden Smith's Karate Kid, because

572
00:30:40,640 --> 00:30:42,040
Speaker 2: I heard that was pretty bad.

573
00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:46,440
Speaker 1: I didn't see it. But Karate Kid three, oh man,

574
00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:48,880
Speaker 1: if you're into a fun bad movie to watch with people,

575
00:30:48,920 --> 00:30:52,040
Speaker 1: Karate Kid three is one. And that was one where

576
00:30:52,200 --> 00:30:53,880
Speaker 1: I thought I talked about on the show at some point,

577
00:30:53,960 --> 00:30:58,880
Speaker 1: but where God, Ruby was probably like six years old

578
00:30:59,040 --> 00:31:02,680
Speaker 1: and came up with, like, legit, her first quality joke

579
00:31:02,840 --> 00:31:03,720
Speaker 1: watching that movie.

580
00:31:03,800 --> 00:31:04,520
Speaker 2: Can you share it?

581
00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:06,880
Speaker 3: Uh?

582
00:31:06,960 --> 00:31:09,040
Speaker 1: I don't know if it would translate. I'll tell you later.

583
00:31:09,160 --> 00:31:12,200
Speaker 2: Okay, that's fine, Yeah, but good for her. Six is

584
00:31:12,200 --> 00:31:14,640
Speaker 2: a good age to come up with a quality joke by.

585
00:31:14,720 --> 00:31:17,600
Speaker 1: Actually, I think I could. Actually there's a recurring thing

586
00:31:17,640 --> 00:31:19,960
Speaker 1: in that movie that happens where every time the bad

587
00:31:20,000 --> 00:31:23,080
Speaker 1: guys come into a place, they turn a light off,

588
00:31:23,640 --> 00:31:25,720
Speaker 1: like they'll come into a warehouse to fight, and they

589
00:31:25,800 --> 00:31:27,920
Speaker 1: turn the light off. It happened like two or three times,

590
00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:30,040
Speaker 1: and I kept going like, what is going on? It's

591
00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:33,480
Speaker 1: so weird. And then later in the movie they they

592
00:31:33,680 --> 00:31:36,920
Speaker 1: rush out and find Daniel Son and Miagi in a forest,

593
00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:38,880
Speaker 1: and Ruby said, that'd be funny if they reached over

594
00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:40,440
Speaker 1: to a tree and turned the moon off.

595
00:31:41,760 --> 00:31:43,680
Speaker 2: That's good. That is a quality joke.

596
00:31:43,800 --> 00:31:44,680
Speaker 1: That's a pretty good joke.

597
00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:48,440
Speaker 2: Yep. Yeah, yeah, I haven't seen the karate Kid three.

598
00:31:48,640 --> 00:31:51,000
Speaker 2: I know of it. I know Hillary Swank's the karate

599
00:31:51,120 --> 00:31:51,840
Speaker 2: kid in that one.

600
00:31:52,360 --> 00:31:55,240
Speaker 1: No, no, no, no, no. Uh, well, maybe I'm getting the

601
00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:59,960
Speaker 1: number wrong. Karate Kid three was actually Daniel and Miagi still,

602
00:32:00,280 --> 00:32:04,040
Speaker 1: Oh was it? Yeah? Unless I have it out of order,

603
00:32:04,080 --> 00:32:05,880
Speaker 1: it's not. But I know it's not the Hillary Swank

604
00:32:05,920 --> 00:32:08,920
Speaker 1: one obviously. Okay, all right, yeah, so it's either three

605
00:32:09,040 --> 00:32:09,360
Speaker 1: or four.

606
00:32:09,600 --> 00:32:11,480
Speaker 2: Well, I haven't seen the one you're talking about either.

607
00:32:11,520 --> 00:32:14,040
Speaker 2: I don't remember anybody turning off any lights anywhere.

608
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:16,840
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's truly bad in a great way.

609
00:32:16,880 --> 00:32:21,880
Speaker 2: Okay, So just back to Just like in the Muslim world,

610
00:32:22,760 --> 00:32:26,680
Speaker 2: time keeping pieces in Europe were initially to keep people

611
00:32:26,720 --> 00:32:30,720
Speaker 2: on track for daily prayers. Apparently, monks and monasteries prayed

612
00:32:31,200 --> 00:32:34,120
Speaker 2: seven times a day, but there were also meals. There

613
00:32:34,160 --> 00:32:38,800
Speaker 2: was also beer brewing time, and so these early clocks,

614
00:32:39,040 --> 00:32:42,720
Speaker 2: using the virgin folio mechanism and weights, they helped keep

615
00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:46,520
Speaker 2: the monks on track. Yeah, monks are associated with churches,

616
00:32:46,560 --> 00:32:51,160
Speaker 2: so very soon after that churches started keeping clocks as well.

617
00:32:51,560 --> 00:32:54,920
Speaker 2: And fun fact, one of the reasons that churches often

618
00:32:55,000 --> 00:32:58,960
Speaker 2: have very very tall steeples, often with bells on top,

619
00:32:59,080 --> 00:33:02,200
Speaker 2: is because used to be parts of the clock. To

620
00:33:02,280 --> 00:33:05,200
Speaker 2: run a clock so big that it can ring that bell,

621
00:33:05,680 --> 00:33:09,440
Speaker 2: you need to have very heavy weights there coming and

622
00:33:09,480 --> 00:33:11,560
Speaker 2: descending from a very high place.

623
00:33:12,400 --> 00:33:14,560
Speaker 1: Yeah, for sure, nice little factoid there.

624
00:33:14,600 --> 00:33:15,320
Speaker 2: I love that one.

625
00:33:15,920 --> 00:33:19,560
Speaker 1: And the oldest surviving mechanical clock is in a church.

626
00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:23,520
Speaker 1: It was built for this Salisbury Cathedral that was in

627
00:33:23,600 --> 00:33:28,360
Speaker 1: thirteen eighty six. But these clocks didn't have a face yet.

628
00:33:29,240 --> 00:33:32,800
Speaker 1: It was still you know, like ringing a bell kind

629
00:33:32,800 --> 00:33:34,520
Speaker 1: of thing to know what time it was. And in fact,

630
00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:39,120
Speaker 1: the word clock comes from the French word is it close?

631
00:33:39,200 --> 00:33:43,000
Speaker 2: I guess like that glass thing dome you put over stuff.

632
00:33:43,200 --> 00:33:46,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, which is a bell. But you know, it wasn't

633
00:33:46,720 --> 00:33:48,720
Speaker 1: too long after that that they said, hey, if we

634
00:33:48,760 --> 00:33:53,280
Speaker 1: can have a clock turning gears, how hard would it

635
00:33:53,320 --> 00:33:56,160
Speaker 1: be to actually put a sun dial kind of like

636
00:33:56,200 --> 00:33:58,320
Speaker 1: thing on the front of it and turn the gears

637
00:33:58,360 --> 00:34:00,560
Speaker 1: of a hand so people could actually see what time

638
00:34:00,560 --> 00:34:03,080
Speaker 1: it was. Yeah, And they went, not that hard, we

639
00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:03,560
Speaker 1: can do that.

640
00:34:03,680 --> 00:34:07,000
Speaker 2: They're like, are you talking about a moving gnomon? And

641
00:34:07,080 --> 00:34:10,799
Speaker 2: the monk said, that's exactly what I'm talking about that's right.

642
00:34:11,520 --> 00:34:14,160
Speaker 2: So there's this really interesting take on all that, the

643
00:34:14,239 --> 00:34:19,440
Speaker 2: fact that the clocks started tracking time in monasteries and

644
00:34:19,480 --> 00:34:22,400
Speaker 2: then churches in the cities that were built around churches

645
00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:24,839
Speaker 2: would all hear the bell, so people knew what time

646
00:34:24,880 --> 00:34:28,440
Speaker 2: it was all of a sudden. It wasn't like the

647
00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:32,040
Speaker 2: sky's purple, so I better milk the cows. It was like, oh,

648
00:34:32,080 --> 00:34:35,279
Speaker 2: it's one in the afternoon, so I better milk the cows. Right,

649
00:34:36,040 --> 00:34:38,160
Speaker 2: because apparently the sky would turn purple at one in

650
00:34:38,160 --> 00:34:41,600
Speaker 2: the afternoon in medieval Europe. And there's a philosopher named

651
00:34:41,680 --> 00:34:44,680
Speaker 2: Lewis Mumford I think he was working in the nineteen thirties,

652
00:34:44,960 --> 00:34:49,000
Speaker 2: and he says that that is the birth of the

653
00:34:49,040 --> 00:34:54,000
Speaker 2: modern era, not steam power that came hundreds of years later. Right,

654
00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:58,880
Speaker 2: removing people from the rhythms, the natural rhythms of the

655
00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:02,760
Speaker 2: day and imposing time on them all of a sudden,

656
00:35:02,760 --> 00:35:05,560
Speaker 2: you could be like be at my blacksmith shop at

657
00:35:05,600 --> 00:35:09,239
Speaker 2: three or else you're fired. You know, that would a

658
00:35:09,320 --> 00:35:13,359
Speaker 2: draft exactly. I think that's a really good case that

659
00:35:13,440 --> 00:35:13,920
Speaker 2: he makes.

660
00:35:14,080 --> 00:35:16,880
Speaker 1: Yeah, no, totally. I mean it was a real game changer,

661
00:35:16,920 --> 00:35:20,600
Speaker 1: and that's when everyone got a little bit more uptight, I imagine.

662
00:35:20,160 --> 00:35:21,680
Speaker 2: I imagine as well.

663
00:35:21,960 --> 00:35:24,919
Speaker 1: You know, and we still didn't have minutes at this point,

664
00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:27,880
Speaker 1: like those clocks that we were talking about, you know,

665
00:35:28,280 --> 00:35:30,839
Speaker 1: grinding those gears around, you could still have a you know,

666
00:35:30,880 --> 00:35:34,479
Speaker 1: a decent hour. As far as accuracy goes. The word

667
00:35:34,560 --> 00:35:37,000
Speaker 1: minute actually to mean what we meant, it didn't even

668
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:40,080
Speaker 1: come around until the late fourteenth century. So minutes are

669
00:35:40,800 --> 00:35:44,640
Speaker 1: a relatively modern thing if you consider fourteenth century modern.

670
00:35:44,920 --> 00:35:49,120
Speaker 2: Right, and thanks for letting me take that, Lewis mum

671
00:35:49,200 --> 00:35:50,600
Speaker 2: for little tidbit.

672
00:35:51,120 --> 00:35:52,359
Speaker 1: Well, yeah, did you like that one?

673
00:35:52,400 --> 00:35:56,200
Speaker 2: I love it. It's almost as good as the the

674
00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:58,120
Speaker 2: different smells of incense.

675
00:35:59,080 --> 00:36:01,239
Speaker 1: Yeah, well, you know, we like to scratch each other's back.

676
00:36:03,560 --> 00:36:08,040
Speaker 2: Another joke skipped. So you can take weights and their

677
00:36:08,120 --> 00:36:11,080
Speaker 2: kinetic energy, and really now you can do You can

678
00:36:11,120 --> 00:36:14,279
Speaker 2: take anything that has kinetic energy and use it to

679
00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:17,719
Speaker 2: control its release, and you can use that to do

680
00:36:17,760 --> 00:36:20,000
Speaker 2: things like drive gears and things like that, and you

681
00:36:20,000 --> 00:36:22,560
Speaker 2: can use those gears to keep time with Well, a

682
00:36:22,640 --> 00:36:27,200
Speaker 2: coiled spring has a lot of kinetic energy. And yeah,

683
00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:32,120
Speaker 2: replacing the weights in clocks with coiled springs meant they

684
00:36:32,160 --> 00:36:35,800
Speaker 2: became portable because of course humans love to make things portable.

685
00:36:36,640 --> 00:36:40,319
Speaker 1: Yeah, but they were still pretty inexact because friction is

686
00:36:40,320 --> 00:36:44,080
Speaker 1: a thing, So depending on how well it's made, how

687
00:36:44,120 --> 00:36:46,520
Speaker 1: well it was lubricated, if it was hot, if it

688
00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:49,600
Speaker 1: was humid, that that would make just change the way

689
00:36:49,600 --> 00:36:52,560
Speaker 1: clocks work. So they were still pretty inexact at this point.

690
00:36:52,960 --> 00:36:56,759
Speaker 1: So sundials were still kind of preferred. Water clocks were

691
00:36:56,800 --> 00:36:59,880
Speaker 1: still preferred for a long time, and actually more precise.

692
00:37:00,880 --> 00:37:04,080
Speaker 1: If you really want to jump forward in precision, you

693
00:37:04,120 --> 00:37:08,279
Speaker 1: can look no further than Galileo Galilee and the turn

694
00:37:08,320 --> 00:37:11,600
Speaker 1: of the seventeenth century, and he was the one that

695
00:37:11,680 --> 00:37:13,759
Speaker 1: kind of came up with this idea of a pendulum

696
00:37:14,280 --> 00:37:17,840
Speaker 1: when he started measuring the movement of lamps swinging on

697
00:37:17,880 --> 00:37:21,520
Speaker 1: a cord using his own pulse beat as a reference.

698
00:37:22,320 --> 00:37:22,879
Speaker 1: Pretty cool.

699
00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:25,520
Speaker 2: Yeah, So he found like you can use a pendulum

700
00:37:25,560 --> 00:37:28,880
Speaker 2: to keep time. The reason why, as a pendulum swing

701
00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:33,239
Speaker 2: is divided in exactly and half time wise, right, So

702
00:37:34,120 --> 00:37:37,239
Speaker 2: that's what's called a harmonious oscillator. Each swing to the

703
00:37:37,320 --> 00:37:39,800
Speaker 2: left or the right is the exact same amount of time,

704
00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:43,280
Speaker 2: and even more than that, when a pendulum loses energy,

705
00:37:43,760 --> 00:37:46,720
Speaker 2: that doesn't change the arcs just get a little shorter,

706
00:37:47,120 --> 00:37:51,000
Speaker 2: but they're still equal to one another, right. So Galileo

707
00:37:51,080 --> 00:37:54,200
Speaker 2: figured out that you could use that information to build

708
00:37:54,239 --> 00:37:57,760
Speaker 2: a clock. He developed the clock. He never built it

709
00:37:57,800 --> 00:38:00,880
Speaker 2: because he kept being called a way by the Indigo

710
00:38:00,920 --> 00:38:04,799
Speaker 2: girls to help them get through life, so he was

711
00:38:04,880 --> 00:38:07,640
Speaker 2: unable to build it. His son started to build it,

712
00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:11,160
Speaker 2: but as Galileo always said, that boy never finished anything

713
00:38:11,160 --> 00:38:13,880
Speaker 2: that he started, so he didn't complete it. And finally,

714
00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:20,080
Speaker 2: in sixteen fifty six, the Dutch mathematician Christian Hugens, the

715
00:38:20,200 --> 00:38:24,480
Speaker 2: son Galileo always wanted, he ended up creating that clock,

716
00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:27,839
Speaker 2: the first pendulum clock that Galileo had kind of come

717
00:38:27,920 --> 00:38:28,239
Speaker 2: up with.

718
00:38:28,920 --> 00:38:31,759
Speaker 1: Yeah, that was in sixteen fifty six. And almost right

719
00:38:31,800 --> 00:38:34,760
Speaker 1: after that there was an English scientist named Robert Hook

720
00:38:35,480 --> 00:38:37,040
Speaker 1: with an e of the end, said you know what,

721
00:38:37,120 --> 00:38:40,400
Speaker 1: I could make that thing better, and he replaced the

722
00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:43,239
Speaker 1: verge with you know that we mentioned earlier, with a

723
00:38:43,680 --> 00:38:46,640
Speaker 1: something called an anchor escapement, which was just a new

724
00:38:46,680 --> 00:38:51,680
Speaker 1: mechanism to regulate the swing I guess, but that allowed

725
00:38:51,719 --> 00:38:55,080
Speaker 1: the arc of the pendulum to be reduced from about

726
00:38:55,200 --> 00:38:58,399
Speaker 1: one hundred I'm sorry, one hundred degree swing to four

727
00:38:58,440 --> 00:39:00,880
Speaker 1: to six degrees, which again meant you could pack it

728
00:39:00,920 --> 00:39:02,240
Speaker 1: in a packageable size.

729
00:39:02,320 --> 00:39:06,520
Speaker 2: Yeah. And also they found that less of a swing,

730
00:39:06,840 --> 00:39:09,560
Speaker 2: they found that the less wide the arc, the more

731
00:39:09,680 --> 00:39:14,799
Speaker 2: accurate the timekeeping was. Anchor escapements are almost impossible to

732
00:39:14,840 --> 00:39:18,360
Speaker 2: explain unless you see it actually happening, and they're like, oh, okay,

733
00:39:18,360 --> 00:39:21,799
Speaker 2: that totally makes sense. But I say, go look up

734
00:39:22,480 --> 00:39:25,880
Speaker 2: a video of how anchor escapements work, because it's pretty amazing.

735
00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:32,200
Speaker 2: And so because you have slower moving pendulums, they require

736
00:39:32,280 --> 00:39:35,560
Speaker 2: less power, which means you need less weight. And eventually

737
00:39:35,640 --> 00:39:37,719
Speaker 2: there's a guy named William Clement who put all of

738
00:39:37,760 --> 00:39:41,040
Speaker 2: this stuff together and in sixteen eighty came up with

739
00:39:41,120 --> 00:39:45,760
Speaker 2: what we now call grandfather clocks. And because of everything

740
00:39:45,800 --> 00:39:50,279
Speaker 2: that kind of developed from Galileo on, Clement was able

741
00:39:50,320 --> 00:39:52,320
Speaker 2: to add a minute hand and now all of a

742
00:39:52,360 --> 00:39:55,360
Speaker 2: sudden you knew what minute it was of the hour

743
00:39:55,680 --> 00:39:56,720
Speaker 2: thanks to William Clement.

744
00:39:57,560 --> 00:40:00,000
Speaker 1: That's right, And of course you're referring to the long

745
00:40:00,080 --> 00:40:03,720
Speaker 1: case clock. It didn't get the name grandfather clock until

746
00:40:03,719 --> 00:40:07,320
Speaker 1: eighteen twenty I'm sorry, eighteen seventy six. And that's actually

747
00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:11,759
Speaker 1: from a song called My Grandfather's Clock. That's where it's

748
00:40:11,800 --> 00:40:13,560
Speaker 1: about I mean, it's kind of a sad song about

749
00:40:13,560 --> 00:40:16,960
Speaker 1: a clock that this this guy had who or his

750
00:40:17,080 --> 00:40:20,120
Speaker 1: grandfather had, and it quit working when he died, and

751
00:40:20,160 --> 00:40:22,520
Speaker 1: it was a really popular song. So long case clocks

752
00:40:22,560 --> 00:40:26,120
Speaker 1: became my grandfather's clock, and the singer and I think

753
00:40:26,120 --> 00:40:29,840
Speaker 1: writer was a guy named Henry Clay, not Henry Clay people,

754
00:40:30,560 --> 00:40:31,640
Speaker 1: but Henry Clay work.

755
00:40:32,400 --> 00:40:35,960
Speaker 2: You know, that's a redux of our first short stuff.

756
00:40:37,160 --> 00:40:39,239
Speaker 1: I thought we had talked about that, right, that was

757
00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:40,799
Speaker 1: the very first, the very first one.

758
00:40:40,840 --> 00:40:46,560
Speaker 2: Huh yeah, grandfather clocks man, so pendulum clocks. Everyone said,

759
00:40:46,560 --> 00:40:50,120
Speaker 2: this is great. I love these long case slash grandfather clocks.

760
00:40:51,360 --> 00:40:55,040
Speaker 2: But finally, in the twenties people had figured out, I

761
00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:58,240
Speaker 2: guess centuries before, in the nineteenth century, a century before

762
00:40:58,320 --> 00:41:03,760
Speaker 2: that you could keep tying with a crystal. They produced

763
00:41:03,800 --> 00:41:08,120
Speaker 2: reliable oscillations that you could track for time, and people

764
00:41:08,120 --> 00:41:10,400
Speaker 2: figured out how to use that and watches for that.

765
00:41:10,520 --> 00:41:13,240
Speaker 2: I would say, go listen to our atomic clock episode.

766
00:41:13,400 --> 00:41:14,560
Speaker 1: Yeah, that was a good one.

767
00:41:14,960 --> 00:41:19,680
Speaker 2: Out From crystal quartz came atomic clocks, and from atomic

768
00:41:19,719 --> 00:41:23,640
Speaker 2: clocks came things like GPS. It's how your iPhone or

769
00:41:24,160 --> 00:41:28,239
Speaker 2: you know, Google phone keeps track of the time knows

770
00:41:28,280 --> 00:41:30,920
Speaker 2: exactly what time it is thanks to an atomic clock.

771
00:41:31,400 --> 00:41:37,680
Speaker 2: So we went from sun to water to pendulums to

772
00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:39,880
Speaker 2: crystals to atoms.

773
00:41:40,400 --> 00:41:43,120
Speaker 1: That's right. And by the way, I bet I made

774
00:41:43,120 --> 00:41:45,640
Speaker 1: that same dumb Henry Clay joke and that short stuff didn't.

775
00:41:45,640 --> 00:41:48,520
Speaker 2: I I'll have to go back and listen. But anytime

776
00:41:48,520 --> 00:41:51,080
Speaker 2: you get a chance to mention Henry Clay People, you do,

777
00:41:51,239 --> 00:41:52,440
Speaker 2: and I support it fully.

778
00:41:53,560 --> 00:41:55,480
Speaker 1: Of course, for those of you who don't know, Henry

779
00:41:55,480 --> 00:41:57,880
Speaker 1: Clay People was a great band and friends of the

780
00:41:57,920 --> 00:42:01,960
Speaker 1: show whom are a good Joey and Andy Ciarra, the brothers,

781
00:42:02,880 --> 00:42:06,319
Speaker 1: musical brothers, screenwriting brothers, and they did the theme song

782
00:42:06,360 --> 00:42:07,680
Speaker 1: to the Stuff You Should Know TV show.

783
00:42:07,719 --> 00:42:11,000
Speaker 2: That's right. It was a great theme, very catchy, and.

784
00:42:10,920 --> 00:42:12,800
Speaker 1: They're still a great friends. I see Joey all the

785
00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:14,920
Speaker 1: time because he lives in New York now and Andy's

786
00:42:14,920 --> 00:42:15,719
Speaker 1: still in LA.

787
00:42:15,880 --> 00:42:17,160
Speaker 2: That's awesome. Shout out.

788
00:42:18,520 --> 00:42:21,239
Speaker 1: That's right. So we're back or not, we're back. We're

789
00:42:21,320 --> 00:42:23,640
Speaker 1: all of a sudden headed toward Watches. Everyone mm hm,

790
00:42:24,280 --> 00:42:26,760
Speaker 1: and I mean this again, could be an entire episode

791
00:42:26,760 --> 00:42:28,200
Speaker 1: on Watches. So we're not going to get to in

792
00:42:28,239 --> 00:42:33,719
Speaker 1: the weeds, but those spring based clocks. Of course, that

793
00:42:34,040 --> 00:42:36,640
Speaker 1: spring was kind of the key in the fifteenth century,

794
00:42:37,000 --> 00:42:41,080
Speaker 1: eventually involved to wearable clocks like flava flave, and then

795
00:42:41,160 --> 00:42:44,320
Speaker 1: then eventually we got to watch us. By the sixteenth century,

796
00:42:45,000 --> 00:42:48,080
Speaker 1: of course, we were talking about pocket watches. Initially kind of

797
00:42:48,080 --> 00:42:50,440
Speaker 1: thing you hang from your vest or your belt or something,

798
00:42:50,440 --> 00:42:52,160
Speaker 1: and it was a real fashion statement at the time.

799
00:42:53,040 --> 00:42:56,280
Speaker 1: But as that technology progressed, they got smaller and smaller,

800
00:42:57,000 --> 00:42:59,960
Speaker 1: maybe not more accurate, but just smaller enough to where

801
00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:02,120
Speaker 1: you could finally put one on your wrist if you

802
00:43:02,200 --> 00:43:05,879
Speaker 1: were the Countess of Hungary in eighteen sixty.

803
00:43:05,600 --> 00:43:09,840
Speaker 2: Eight, yeah, or one of Emperor Wilhelm the Second German

804
00:43:09,960 --> 00:43:14,839
Speaker 2: naval officers in eighteen eighty, because before that watches were

805
00:43:15,000 --> 00:43:18,360
Speaker 2: women's jewelry, that's what they were considered. Wilhelm the Second

806
00:43:18,400 --> 00:43:23,120
Speaker 2: said nine, now it's going to be a military gear. Yeah.

807
00:43:23,160 --> 00:43:26,719
Speaker 2: And from World War One, which came a little later,

808
00:43:27,840 --> 00:43:30,399
Speaker 2: the American and other Allied troops who came back home

809
00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:33,000
Speaker 2: were like, you should see these hand clocks these guys have,

810
00:43:34,000 --> 00:43:37,760
Speaker 2: and those became very quickly as starting around the twenties

811
00:43:37,960 --> 00:43:40,720
Speaker 2: fashionable in the United States, and I think great Britain

812
00:43:41,719 --> 00:43:44,480
Speaker 2: and in the twenties because they became fashion all of

813
00:43:44,520 --> 00:43:47,000
Speaker 2: a sudden, there was a lot of attention on hand

814
00:43:47,000 --> 00:43:51,160
Speaker 2: clocks and they became a lot of innovations just kind

815
00:43:51,200 --> 00:43:53,800
Speaker 2: of started to build very quickly starting in the twenties.

816
00:43:54,760 --> 00:43:56,560
Speaker 1: Yeah, and you know a lot of this stuff that

817
00:43:57,120 --> 00:43:58,960
Speaker 1: you a lot of features that you have on a

818
00:43:59,040 --> 00:44:04,200
Speaker 1: watch if you're watch person, comes from military usage, like

819
00:44:04,239 --> 00:44:06,560
Speaker 1: the of course I can't remember any of this because

820
00:44:06,600 --> 00:44:09,319
Speaker 1: it's off the dome and I'm a forgetful person. But

821
00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:12,160
Speaker 1: you know the watches that have the little buttons on

822
00:44:12,200 --> 00:44:14,560
Speaker 1: each side of the winder and you can like click

823
00:44:14,600 --> 00:44:17,400
Speaker 1: it to start something and then click it to stop it.

824
00:44:17,600 --> 00:44:20,960
Speaker 3: Yeah, stop watch, No, stop.

825
00:44:20,560 --> 00:44:23,920
Speaker 1: Watch just like on a regular wristwatch. There's a name

826
00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:25,160
Speaker 1: for it. I mean I have one of them. I

827
00:44:25,160 --> 00:44:26,080
Speaker 1: just can't think of it right now.

828
00:44:26,120 --> 00:44:28,320
Speaker 2: But it's for a stopwatch function though, right.

829
00:44:29,080 --> 00:44:33,239
Speaker 1: Well yeah, essentially, but as it pertains to the regular time.

830
00:44:33,880 --> 00:44:36,879
Speaker 1: But that was essentially, I think initially to keep track

831
00:44:36,920 --> 00:44:41,000
Speaker 1: of like when you would launch a not a missile,

832
00:44:41,040 --> 00:44:42,799
Speaker 1: like the kind of bomb you drop in a tube

833
00:44:42,800 --> 00:44:47,719
Speaker 1: and it shoots somewhere torpedo. Sure, No, Like you know

834
00:44:47,719 --> 00:44:49,120
Speaker 1: when you drop it in a tube and it shoots

835
00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:52,200
Speaker 1: up in the air. Yeah, drop a shell into a

836
00:44:52,239 --> 00:44:54,520
Speaker 1: tube and then like when it would make the explosion,

837
00:44:54,560 --> 00:44:57,520
Speaker 1: you would keep track of, like you would time that

838
00:44:57,640 --> 00:44:59,399
Speaker 1: out so you would know, like how far it's going

839
00:44:59,400 --> 00:45:03,000
Speaker 1: in calculat Oh smart, I think that's the deal. I

840
00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:04,480
Speaker 1: hope I'm not wrong. Someone will correct me.

841
00:45:05,239 --> 00:45:06,799
Speaker 2: Well, what about water resistance?

842
00:45:08,040 --> 00:45:12,560
Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean if you want to dive or just frolic,

843
00:45:12,920 --> 00:45:15,640
Speaker 1: then you're going to need a waterproof watch. And that

844
00:45:15,680 --> 00:45:19,440
Speaker 1: came along with the Rolex the Oyster, specifically in nineteen

845
00:45:19,520 --> 00:45:23,439
Speaker 1: twenty six, and then in the nineteen fifties that's when

846
00:45:24,200 --> 00:45:27,759
Speaker 1: stop watch functions, although that was around during the war,

847
00:45:27,880 --> 00:45:29,600
Speaker 1: So I'm not sure the difference between what I was

848
00:45:29,600 --> 00:45:33,080
Speaker 1: talking about in an actual stopwatch and my favorite feature,

849
00:45:33,080 --> 00:45:36,240
Speaker 1: which is luminescence. As you know, I kind of became

850
00:45:36,239 --> 00:45:37,799
Speaker 1: a bit of a watch guy. And I don't have

851
00:45:37,880 --> 00:45:40,200
Speaker 1: a ton of them, but got like seven watches and

852
00:45:40,200 --> 00:45:44,720
Speaker 1: one of them is a not for real watch people

853
00:45:45,520 --> 00:45:48,479
Speaker 1: they have like dozens and hundreds, but I have one

854
00:45:48,520 --> 00:45:52,960
Speaker 1: called a loom Tech and that is the most luminescent

855
00:45:53,080 --> 00:45:54,719
Speaker 1: that you can get, I think, And that thing is

856
00:45:55,200 --> 00:45:57,120
Speaker 1: so bright and cool. I just love it.

857
00:45:57,160 --> 00:46:00,319
Speaker 2: Does it leave like floaters on your vision after you

858
00:46:00,320 --> 00:46:00,799
Speaker 2: look at it?

859
00:46:01,440 --> 00:46:04,279
Speaker 1: No, But if it's like fully charging go into a

860
00:46:04,360 --> 00:46:08,239
Speaker 1: dark closet or something, it's like, it's super bright green

861
00:46:08,280 --> 00:46:09,520
Speaker 1: and it's awesome. I love it.

862
00:46:09,560 --> 00:46:11,520
Speaker 2: So you can really time out your spin the bottle?

863
00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:14,680
Speaker 1: Oh you know it, because I don't want to be

864
00:46:14,719 --> 00:46:16,600
Speaker 1: in that closet for me any longer than I have

865
00:46:16,680 --> 00:46:16,880
Speaker 1: to be.

866
00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:21,839
Speaker 2: I was raised baptism, making awkward conversation, Yeah, totally. So

867
00:46:22,440 --> 00:46:24,560
Speaker 2: if you are like I want to hear more about

868
00:46:24,920 --> 00:46:27,880
Speaker 2: watches ts, We're pretty much at the end of the episode,

869
00:46:27,960 --> 00:46:31,400
Speaker 2: but I would recommend going and listening to our watch

870
00:46:31,480 --> 00:46:34,760
Speaker 2: episode because we talked a lot about the transition from

871
00:46:35,120 --> 00:46:41,040
Speaker 2: mechanical watches to digital watches in that episode. If I

872
00:46:41,080 --> 00:46:42,720
Speaker 2: remember correctly, it's pretty interesting.

873
00:46:43,400 --> 00:46:46,200
Speaker 1: Yeah, for sure. Chronographs that's what I'm talking about with

874
00:46:46,239 --> 00:46:47,360
Speaker 1: the watches, by the way.

875
00:46:47,200 --> 00:46:48,160
Speaker 2: But what does it do.

876
00:46:50,040 --> 00:46:53,800
Speaker 1: It's like a sub dial for the seconds and minutes

877
00:46:53,840 --> 00:46:56,359
Speaker 1: and hours I think, so that the top button will

878
00:46:56,360 --> 00:46:58,600
Speaker 1: be a start stop and the bottom is a reset.

879
00:46:59,000 --> 00:47:02,359
Speaker 1: So it did it function is like a stopwatch. But

880
00:47:02,400 --> 00:47:05,720
Speaker 1: I think they got their start with timing out shells

881
00:47:06,040 --> 00:47:10,080
Speaker 1: and when they exploded, if I'm not mistaken, not torpedoes, yeah,

882
00:47:10,120 --> 00:47:12,520
Speaker 1: I think, but again off the dome. So if I'm wrong,

883
00:47:12,640 --> 00:47:13,799
Speaker 1: all apologies you're saying.

884
00:47:14,239 --> 00:47:19,040
Speaker 2: Chronog chronograph reminded me of one little tidbit I forgot

885
00:47:19,040 --> 00:47:21,520
Speaker 2: to mention. Remember how we talked about planetary hours and

886
00:47:21,840 --> 00:47:25,000
Speaker 2: the Romans were like, this is when you worship you know,

887
00:47:25,560 --> 00:47:30,239
Speaker 2: Mars or whatever. Yeah, that is where the word horoscope

888
00:47:30,280 --> 00:47:32,840
Speaker 2: came from. Horoscope means our marker.

889
00:47:34,520 --> 00:47:36,480
Speaker 1: Pretty nay huh, yeah, I like that.

890
00:47:36,520 --> 00:47:39,600
Speaker 2: Okay, nifty, I like it too, And since Chuck said

891
00:47:39,600 --> 00:47:42,919
Speaker 2: he likes it, that obviously means it's time for listener mail.

892
00:47:46,080 --> 00:47:49,719
Speaker 1: That's right, And we read this from Bill I guess

893
00:47:49,719 --> 00:47:53,280
Speaker 1: you would pronounce this rooshline because he asked a question

894
00:47:53,480 --> 00:47:56,759
Speaker 1: about the appropriateness of our live show. And we've gotten

895
00:47:56,760 --> 00:47:58,279
Speaker 1: a few emails, so we thought we kind of get

896
00:47:58,320 --> 00:48:00,680
Speaker 1: the word out. Hey, guys, been listening for for ten

897
00:48:00,760 --> 00:48:04,600
Speaker 1: years since commuting from Erie to Pittsburgh for a new job,

898
00:48:05,320 --> 00:48:08,160
Speaker 1: you feel countless hours of boredom with education and smiles.

899
00:48:08,160 --> 00:48:10,600
Speaker 1: As my family and I now listen to your show

900
00:48:10,600 --> 00:48:13,000
Speaker 1: almost weekly, and my now almost eleven year old son

901
00:48:13,400 --> 00:48:16,399
Speaker 1: has grown up listening to you guys since shortly after

902
00:48:16,440 --> 00:48:17,040
Speaker 1: he was born.

903
00:48:17,160 --> 00:48:17,560
Speaker 2: Nice.

904
00:48:18,360 --> 00:48:20,959
Speaker 1: So we're coming to your show in Akron, Ohio, and

905
00:48:21,040 --> 00:48:24,399
Speaker 1: we're pretty ecstatic about that. We can't wait to come.

906
00:48:24,400 --> 00:48:26,080
Speaker 1: But I was hoping to respond and let me know

907
00:48:26,120 --> 00:48:28,319
Speaker 1: what the content is appropriate for our eleven year old

908
00:48:29,239 --> 00:48:31,960
Speaker 1: to come. We're loose with what he's allowed to listen to,

909
00:48:32,440 --> 00:48:34,240
Speaker 1: and don't try and shield him too much from the world.

910
00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:37,920
Speaker 1: Everything you put out is educational. For instance, the Operation

911
00:48:38,040 --> 00:48:40,880
Speaker 1: Mincemeat episode is one of our favorites. But there's anything

912
00:48:41,120 --> 00:48:45,759
Speaker 1: particularly mature, like murder stuff or like the Lizzie Bordon episode,

913
00:48:46,120 --> 00:48:49,680
Speaker 1: we should probably be responsible parents and Bill and others.

914
00:48:50,360 --> 00:48:52,879
Speaker 1: We're here to say that we're not going to reveal

915
00:48:52,920 --> 00:48:55,360
Speaker 1: the topic, but this one is very much kid appropriate.

916
00:48:56,280 --> 00:48:58,400
Speaker 1: The only thing you might hear we like to delight

917
00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:00,879
Speaker 1: people with a few odd curse words here and there

918
00:49:01,440 --> 00:49:03,680
Speaker 1: because we don't do it on this show, but it's

919
00:49:03,719 --> 00:49:08,360
Speaker 1: still what do you call it, PGPG PG eleven Maybe.

920
00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:11,920
Speaker 2: Yeah, okay these days yeah, I would even say, depending

921
00:49:11,960 --> 00:49:14,720
Speaker 2: on the kid, maybe PG eight. We get some fairly

922
00:49:14,760 --> 00:49:17,319
Speaker 2: young kids at our shows, and I've never seen a

923
00:49:17,440 --> 00:49:21,680
Speaker 2: parent leave with the child. They usually just leap behind.

924
00:49:22,280 --> 00:49:24,759
Speaker 1: I think in Scotland didn't that when family leave.

925
00:49:25,160 --> 00:49:27,880
Speaker 2: Yeah, I still don't understand that. We didn't say anything

926
00:49:27,960 --> 00:49:31,720
Speaker 2: even remotely offensive. Yeah, and I think they just didn't

927
00:49:31,760 --> 00:49:33,759
Speaker 2: like the sounds of our voices or something like that.

928
00:49:34,800 --> 00:49:36,640
Speaker 2: I don't maybe so, but I don't think it was

929
00:49:36,640 --> 00:49:37,439
Speaker 2: anything we said.

930
00:49:38,040 --> 00:49:38,600
Speaker 1: Okay, good.

931
00:49:38,640 --> 00:49:38,839
Speaker 3: Well.

932
00:49:38,920 --> 00:49:41,120
Speaker 1: Content wise though, this one is super on the up

933
00:49:41,120 --> 00:49:46,120
Speaker 1: and up and kid appropriate. Nothing's scary at all, super pop, cultury, historical,

934
00:49:46,160 --> 00:49:50,719
Speaker 1: kind of interesting, but just maybe a curse word or two.

935
00:49:51,200 --> 00:49:54,760
Speaker 2: Yeah, maybe a blue joke here there, but hopefully over

936
00:49:55,120 --> 00:49:56,080
Speaker 2: any kid's head.

937
00:49:56,960 --> 00:49:59,280
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's what we like to do. It's confused children

938
00:49:59,360 --> 00:50:00,600
Speaker 1: so their parents get explain on the way.

939
00:50:00,640 --> 00:50:04,040
Speaker 2: How exactly right. That's great, Chuck, that was a good idea.

940
00:50:04,520 --> 00:50:06,439
Speaker 2: If you're like, wait, you guys are going on tour,

941
00:50:06,560 --> 00:50:10,320
Speaker 2: we absolutely are. I would direct you to stuff youshould

942
00:50:10,320 --> 00:50:12,800
Speaker 2: know dot com and click on the on tour button

943
00:50:13,160 --> 00:50:14,799
Speaker 2: and it will show you all the places we're going

944
00:50:14,840 --> 00:50:17,040
Speaker 2: to be and if you click on those, it will

945
00:50:17,040 --> 00:50:19,399
Speaker 2: take you to go buy tickets so you can come

946
00:50:19,440 --> 00:50:22,920
Speaker 2: see us. This is the first time in years and years,

947
00:50:22,960 --> 00:50:25,319
Speaker 2: I guess, since we've been on the road so we're

948
00:50:25,400 --> 00:50:28,680
Speaker 2: kind of excited about coming back. Maybe a little rusty, yeah,

949
00:50:28,680 --> 00:50:31,280
Speaker 2: but that also usually means that those first couple shows

950
00:50:31,360 --> 00:50:33,080
Speaker 2: get some high flying high jinks.

951
00:50:33,920 --> 00:50:36,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, I get ready Denver the Mile High City. How

952
00:50:36,040 --> 00:50:36,839
Speaker 1: appropriate's right?

953
00:50:37,719 --> 00:50:39,680
Speaker 2: And if you want to get in touch with us,

954
00:50:39,760 --> 00:50:42,840
Speaker 2: like Bill right, yeh Bill did? Thanks for that email

955
00:50:42,840 --> 00:50:46,560
Speaker 2: Bill and we'll see you in Akron. You can email

956
00:50:46,640 --> 00:50:52,680
Speaker 2: us at stuff podcast at iHeartRadio dot com.

957
00:50:52,800 --> 00:50:55,680
Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For

958
00:50:55,760 --> 00:50:59,920
Speaker 1: more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

959
00:51:00,080 --> 00:51:01,880
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.