1 00:00:01,320 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production 2 00:00:04,400 --> 00:00:14,360 Speaker 1: of iHeartRadio. Hello and Happy Friday. I'm Tracy V. Wilson 3 00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:17,840 Speaker 1: and I'm Holly Frye. We talked about the Insular Cases 4 00:00:17,920 --> 00:00:22,920 Speaker 1: this week. Yeah, nice up kind of thing. I'm not 5 00:00:22,960 --> 00:00:25,280 Speaker 1: sure how I wound up with this on my short list. 6 00:00:25,360 --> 00:00:27,640 Speaker 1: I don't think it was the case that was before 7 00:00:27,680 --> 00:00:31,520 Speaker 1: the Supreme Court last year. I think it had actually 8 00:00:31,560 --> 00:00:34,400 Speaker 1: gone on my list prior to that happening. And it 9 00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:36,800 Speaker 1: just it's such a big topic. It kind of it 10 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:40,120 Speaker 1: just took a while, and then once I did get 11 00:00:40,120 --> 00:00:42,680 Speaker 1: into it, it was bigger than I had thought. I've 12 00:00:42,720 --> 00:00:46,040 Speaker 1: done enough. I've researched a number of episodes of the 13 00:00:46,080 --> 00:00:51,440 Speaker 1: show about various Supreme Court cases, and something that happened 14 00:00:51,440 --> 00:00:54,600 Speaker 1: to me with this that has I don't remember happening 15 00:00:54,640 --> 00:00:58,920 Speaker 1: with those other ones is that I wound up reading 16 00:00:59,040 --> 00:01:04,320 Speaker 1: various arts in different like law review journals that were 17 00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:09,039 Speaker 1: between fifty and more than one hundred pages long. And 18 00:01:09,120 --> 00:01:10,840 Speaker 1: so what I do when I'm doing research on the 19 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:14,160 Speaker 1: show is like I go and either download or bookmark 20 00:01:14,200 --> 00:01:18,039 Speaker 1: a ton of different papers, and I kept seeing these 21 00:01:18,040 --> 00:01:19,920 Speaker 1: ones that were about the Insular cases. And I was like, Hey, 22 00:01:19,959 --> 00:01:21,960 Speaker 1: these look great, These look great, These look great, And 23 00:01:21,959 --> 00:01:24,360 Speaker 1: then I would actually get into them to do the 24 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:26,280 Speaker 1: reviewing part, and I was like, Okay, now this is 25 00:01:26,280 --> 00:01:28,840 Speaker 1: like one hundred more pages, and this is fifty more pages, 26 00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:31,920 Speaker 1: and this is ninety seven more pages. I had there's 27 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: no possible way I can read all this in prep 28 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:42,080 Speaker 1: for this thing. And so much about law is argument 29 00:01:42,959 --> 00:01:46,959 Speaker 1: that you will find different people making like slightly different 30 00:01:47,040 --> 00:01:51,280 Speaker 1: nuances about these so like, the way they are most 31 00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:54,880 Speaker 1: often described is that like they set up this idea 32 00:01:54,920 --> 00:01:59,840 Speaker 1: of incorporated and unincorporated territories, and only fundamental constitutional right 33 00:01:59,840 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: now apply in the unincorporated territories and maybe not others. 34 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:06,360 Speaker 1: But I found a couple of people that were building 35 00:02:06,360 --> 00:02:09,240 Speaker 1: these arguments that were like, it's not exactly that, it's 36 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:14,400 Speaker 1: the slightly different thing. And I was like, I'm not 37 00:02:14,520 --> 00:02:19,600 Speaker 1: a lawyer, and I don't think I would not enjoy 38 00:02:19,720 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 1: that job. Yeah, I was like, I can't encapsulate what 39 00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:26,760 Speaker 1: it is that you're arguing about the slightly different interpretation 40 00:02:26,840 --> 00:02:31,680 Speaker 1: of all of this. Yeah, it's hard for me to square. 41 00:02:31,720 --> 00:02:33,400 Speaker 1: We talked about it a little bit during one of 42 00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:39,040 Speaker 1: our breaks. Uh, this idea of like kind of bickering 43 00:02:39,080 --> 00:02:43,639 Speaker 1: over semantics being the thing that determines the fate of people. Yeah, 44 00:02:44,160 --> 00:02:48,120 Speaker 1: that's very hard for me to square with. Right. And 45 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:52,880 Speaker 1: the one of the things that was uh frustrating about 46 00:02:52,880 --> 00:02:56,079 Speaker 1: this episode is like there's been various Supreme Court decisions 47 00:02:56,120 --> 00:02:58,520 Speaker 1: that have come out over the last few years that 48 00:02:58,600 --> 00:03:02,040 Speaker 1: are similarly like five four decisions, and people who are 49 00:03:02,080 --> 00:03:04,960 Speaker 1: analyzing this decision are like, they there's not actually a 50 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:07,600 Speaker 1: constitutional basis for this thing that they've just said. They've 51 00:03:07,680 --> 00:03:09,760 Speaker 1: kind of made it up. And I'm looking at the 52 00:03:09,800 --> 00:03:12,520 Speaker 1: insular cases that I'm like, this is the same thing. Yeah, 53 00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:15,680 Speaker 1: for decision where that just kind of made up a 54 00:03:15,840 --> 00:03:19,840 Speaker 1: justification to exclude people from fully being part of the 55 00:03:19,919 --> 00:03:23,040 Speaker 1: United States because they were considered to be like too 56 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:28,000 Speaker 1: racially different. I'm not saying any of those places wanted 57 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:30,200 Speaker 1: to be part of the United States in the first place, 58 00:03:30,280 --> 00:03:34,520 Speaker 1: but like specifically being like, well, well still you'll still 59 00:03:34,520 --> 00:03:37,320 Speaker 1: be our territory, but you don't actually get all the 60 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:44,520 Speaker 1: rights because we think you aren't you the savages. Yeah, 61 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:52,360 Speaker 1: hated that. I read one paper that argued that this 62 00:03:52,640 --> 00:04:01,360 Speaker 1: idea of like preventing in corporation for bigoted reason it 63 00:04:01,480 --> 00:04:04,800 Speaker 1: was making an argument that you can actually see sort 64 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:11,960 Speaker 1: of the precursors to this in the process of the 65 00:04:12,080 --> 00:04:14,520 Speaker 1: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints trying to 66 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:22,080 Speaker 1: establish a home in Utah and seeing like similarly prejudicial 67 00:04:23,400 --> 00:04:27,359 Speaker 1: treatment of that. And I was like, this feels like 68 00:04:27,400 --> 00:04:31,640 Speaker 1: a whole other thing. And this episode is already six 69 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:37,560 Speaker 1: thousand long. If we got into this whole Utah situation, 70 00:04:37,720 --> 00:04:39,880 Speaker 1: that was going to be at least another ten minutes. 71 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:42,039 Speaker 1: So maybe that's another thing that at some point in 72 00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:46,919 Speaker 1: the future might be its own episode. Maybe I'm going 73 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:50,479 Speaker 1: to make a statement that's ridiculous. Okay, I could not 74 00:04:50,760 --> 00:04:54,240 Speaker 1: be a Supreme Court justice. No, I mean for the 75 00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:59,920 Speaker 1: obvious reasons of you know, I don't have a law degree, 76 00:05:00,080 --> 00:05:04,320 Speaker 1: have never been involved in such the idea like I 77 00:05:04,440 --> 00:05:07,520 Speaker 1: always and this is possibly going to display a level 78 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:10,880 Speaker 1: of emotional immaturity on my part, But I'm always sort 79 00:05:10,920 --> 00:05:15,520 Speaker 1: of marveling when you see like justices that sit on 80 00:05:15,640 --> 00:05:19,240 Speaker 1: either side of the political spectrum and they're like hanging 81 00:05:19,320 --> 00:05:22,359 Speaker 1: out and buddy buddy. Just not to say that people 82 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:26,440 Speaker 1: cannot come together if they so choose, but I can't 83 00:05:26,520 --> 00:05:31,360 Speaker 1: imagine being part of a governing body where you're making 84 00:05:31,760 --> 00:05:36,680 Speaker 1: really decisions with so much gravity and in some cases 85 00:05:36,720 --> 00:05:42,960 Speaker 1: writing very very you know, passionate dissents and disagreements with 86 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:47,880 Speaker 1: one another and then being palsy because to me, like 87 00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:51,239 Speaker 1: I have a problem that I am working on in therapy, 88 00:05:51,360 --> 00:05:55,960 Speaker 1: where like if I don't like someone, playing nice with 89 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:58,880 Speaker 1: them feels like I'm lying. Okay, sure you know what 90 00:05:58,880 --> 00:06:02,080 Speaker 1: I mean. Where I know that's emotionally immature on some level. 91 00:06:02,120 --> 00:06:03,760 Speaker 1: We have to be adult enough to get along with 92 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:06,279 Speaker 1: other people. But like I tend to just ignore people 93 00:06:06,360 --> 00:06:08,920 Speaker 1: I don't like after a while, which is not always great. 94 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:12,760 Speaker 1: But so like the idea of like, hey, we just 95 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:15,159 Speaker 1: decided that some people are gonna get really hurt. But 96 00:06:15,320 --> 00:06:17,000 Speaker 1: I disagreed. I wrote my thing, do you want to 97 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:19,320 Speaker 1: get lunch? I would be like I could, I wouldn't 98 00:06:19,360 --> 00:06:24,280 Speaker 1: lose my mind. A friend of mine decided to return 99 00:06:24,320 --> 00:06:26,920 Speaker 1: to school and to get a law degree a few 100 00:06:26,960 --> 00:06:31,359 Speaker 1: years ago, and one of the things that he talked 101 00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:35,200 Speaker 1: about was that you the way you have to learn 102 00:06:35,279 --> 00:06:39,839 Speaker 1: how to think about things kind of breaks your mind. Yeah, 103 00:06:39,880 --> 00:06:43,440 Speaker 1: and you you there's stuff you really can't talk about 104 00:06:43,920 --> 00:06:47,800 Speaker 1: with the people in your life because it sounds monstrous, right, 105 00:06:48,240 --> 00:06:52,520 Speaker 1: And like that's really similar. Like I remember there was 106 00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:54,120 Speaker 1: one day we were all gonna play D and D 107 00:06:55,600 --> 00:07:01,040 Speaker 1: and that they can't they He and his spouse came 108 00:07:01,080 --> 00:07:05,599 Speaker 1: walking down the steps and he was talking and she 109 00:07:05,880 --> 00:07:09,640 Speaker 1: was clearly outraged, and they had been having a conversation 110 00:07:09,720 --> 00:07:12,480 Speaker 1: in the car about something that was legally related, and 111 00:07:12,520 --> 00:07:14,480 Speaker 1: it was that kind of thing where like the way 112 00:07:14,520 --> 00:07:18,320 Speaker 1: to think about it from a law perspective, it just 113 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 1: infuriates anybody who was not looking at it from that angle, right, 114 00:07:23,360 --> 00:07:24,560 Speaker 1: And I was like, I don't think I can do that. 115 00:07:25,400 --> 00:07:28,960 Speaker 1: I couldn't either. And the thing is like this, this 116 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:30,960 Speaker 1: is kind of goes back to that idea of like 117 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:35,280 Speaker 1: I couldn't square with that, is that it's not just 118 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:38,440 Speaker 1: the theoretical way that you look at it from that 119 00:07:38,600 --> 00:07:45,800 Speaker 1: dispassionate perspective, because there are consequences. Yeah, yeah, yeah, And 120 00:07:45,840 --> 00:07:50,840 Speaker 1: that's where I'm like, I can't. Yeah, I struggle with Yeah, 121 00:07:51,040 --> 00:07:55,720 Speaker 1: I agree with that. So one point I wanted to 122 00:07:55,760 --> 00:07:59,120 Speaker 1: make is that in a lot of sort of general 123 00:07:59,200 --> 00:08:03,320 Speaker 1: overviews of insular cases, people make this point that with 124 00:08:03,520 --> 00:08:06,960 Speaker 1: one exception, these are all the same justices who were 125 00:08:07,040 --> 00:08:11,120 Speaker 1: involved in plusy versus Ferguson. So that's the one that 126 00:08:11,200 --> 00:08:16,640 Speaker 1: decided that racial segregation was constitutional as long as those 127 00:08:17,360 --> 00:08:19,840 Speaker 1: separate facilities were also equal. So we've done just a 128 00:08:19,880 --> 00:08:22,640 Speaker 1: whole episode on that. It's come up extensively on the 129 00:08:22,640 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 1: show before. Harlan, who wrote one of the descents that 130 00:08:26,640 --> 00:08:29,960 Speaker 1: we read in one of the insular cases, was like 131 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:33,280 Speaker 1: the loan dissenter in Plusy versus Ferguson, and a lot 132 00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:35,200 Speaker 1: of people point that out, They're like, it is not 133 00:08:35,320 --> 00:08:37,760 Speaker 1: surprising that this was all really racist. These are the 134 00:08:37,800 --> 00:08:41,760 Speaker 1: same people that decided in Plusy versus Ferguson. Something that 135 00:08:41,880 --> 00:08:46,280 Speaker 1: none of them mention is that this is the exact 136 00:08:46,280 --> 00:08:49,400 Speaker 1: same court that issued the decision in a case called 137 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:55,840 Speaker 1: United States versus won kim Arc and that case decided 138 00:08:56,800 --> 00:09:01,880 Speaker 1: that children born in the United States to Chinese immigrants 139 00:09:02,120 --> 00:09:05,760 Speaker 1: were citizens at birth. This is a time Chinese Exclusion 140 00:09:05,760 --> 00:09:08,600 Speaker 1: Act and other immigration laws made it illegal for immigrants 141 00:09:08,640 --> 00:09:11,920 Speaker 1: from China to become citizens, but if Chinese immigrants had 142 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:15,240 Speaker 1: children in the United States, those children were citizens at birth. 143 00:09:17,320 --> 00:09:22,000 Speaker 1: The same court decided that Sometimes people imagine John M. 144 00:09:22,040 --> 00:09:26,920 Speaker 1: Harlan as being like racially really progressive, because in addition, 145 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:29,640 Speaker 1: to Plusy versus Ferguson. He had several descents that were 146 00:09:29,640 --> 00:09:33,959 Speaker 1: on the subject of race that were like, the thing 147 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:37,559 Speaker 1: you're doing is terrible, and that's going to become notorious 148 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:41,960 Speaker 1: in the future. In this case he had he dissented 149 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: against the idea that like Chinese immigrants, children born in 150 00:09:46,080 --> 00:09:50,880 Speaker 1: the US should be citizens. So you can totally look 151 00:09:50,920 --> 00:09:55,040 Speaker 1: at all this court's many decisions and see patterns, but 152 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:58,600 Speaker 1: it's a little weird to me that people point to 153 00:09:58,679 --> 00:10:02,280 Speaker 1: Plessy a whole lot and just sort of don't mention 154 00:10:02,679 --> 00:10:05,880 Speaker 1: the probably not quite as well known United States versus 155 00:10:05,960 --> 00:10:16,440 Speaker 1: wankam Art. Yeah, and now we need cozy things. Yeah. 156 00:10:16,480 --> 00:10:19,840 Speaker 1: We intentionally recorded this episode first in our recording session 157 00:10:19,880 --> 00:10:22,280 Speaker 1: today because of the two episodes we're recording, it is 158 00:10:22,280 --> 00:10:26,560 Speaker 1: the more angering, the other one's pretty light, other one's 159 00:10:26,559 --> 00:10:29,960 Speaker 1: pretty fun. So uh, in just a second, you'll get 160 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:44,480 Speaker 1: to hear about that. D Dune talked about bubbles. We 161 00:10:44,600 --> 00:10:47,800 Speaker 1: did a lot of bubbles. So first thing I want 162 00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:49,679 Speaker 1: to address, because you asked, and it was the thing 163 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:52,000 Speaker 1: that I while doing the research, was like, hold on 164 00:10:52,120 --> 00:10:56,280 Speaker 1: a minute. You will often find in various places, both 165 00:10:56,320 --> 00:10:59,200 Speaker 1: from manufacturers that describe all the different kinds of bubbling 166 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:04,560 Speaker 1: waters and more scientific sources that sparkling water is what 167 00:11:04,679 --> 00:11:08,600 Speaker 1: comes from the earth, but we have flavored sparkling waters. 168 00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:10,720 Speaker 1: And that was really a head scratcher for me. And 169 00:11:10,760 --> 00:11:12,760 Speaker 1: I was like, I don't understand how this works. And 170 00:11:12,800 --> 00:11:16,000 Speaker 1: I'm sure there is like some trade publication that explains it, 171 00:11:16,040 --> 00:11:18,439 Speaker 1: which I couldnt find. But what I did find was 172 00:11:18,480 --> 00:11:23,520 Speaker 1: the FDA rule around it. Ah. Okay, So the Food 173 00:11:23,520 --> 00:11:28,080 Speaker 1: and Drug Administration says natural flavors in sparkling water can 174 00:11:28,160 --> 00:11:33,040 Speaker 1: be created using natural ingredients from essential oils, extracts, distillates, 175 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:37,800 Speaker 1: or other products derived from fruits, vegetables, spices, herbs, barks, roots, 176 00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:41,400 Speaker 1: and other organic substances. All right, I e. You couldn't 177 00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:45,720 Speaker 1: put a syrup in it, but you could put like 178 00:11:45,800 --> 00:11:50,280 Speaker 1: an oil extracted from an orange shrine into it. And 179 00:11:50,320 --> 00:11:53,160 Speaker 1: that's the that's the rule that it still stays. It 180 00:11:53,240 --> 00:11:55,679 Speaker 1: gets tricky because they use that word natural a lot, 181 00:11:55,720 --> 00:11:58,520 Speaker 1: which does not have a legal definition in terms of food. 182 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:03,720 Speaker 1: It's why a lot of packaging says natural flavorings. And 183 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,920 Speaker 1: it's like that is meaningless words. You may as well 184 00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:08,360 Speaker 1: just go like blue Betty blobberty bloop, like it doesn't 185 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:10,679 Speaker 1: have any meaning. But that is why you can have 186 00:12:10,760 --> 00:12:13,319 Speaker 1: because you know, nothing comes out of a spring tasting 187 00:12:13,320 --> 00:12:18,559 Speaker 1: like watermelon. I wish. I don't know you. What is here? 188 00:12:18,640 --> 00:12:22,480 Speaker 1: Are you? What's your sparkling water flavor of choice? Uh? 189 00:12:22,520 --> 00:12:26,720 Speaker 1: So I we have a soda stream. This is not sponsored. 190 00:12:27,120 --> 00:12:29,800 Speaker 1: We have a soda stream at home. So I make 191 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:32,840 Speaker 1: sparkling water with tap water that I've run through a 192 00:12:32,920 --> 00:12:39,720 Speaker 1: water filter, and I will I'll put like one of 193 00:12:39,880 --> 00:12:43,760 Speaker 1: many flavors of shrub in there. If you're not familiar 194 00:12:43,800 --> 00:12:47,520 Speaker 1: with that term. A shrub is like a vinegary sweet 195 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:53,199 Speaker 1: syrup that's got some flavor, or sparkling water, a couple 196 00:12:53,200 --> 00:12:57,520 Speaker 1: shots of bitters. That's a favorite thing to do. In 197 00:12:57,600 --> 00:13:05,160 Speaker 1: terms of purchase stuff. Spin drift raspberry lime is my favorite. 198 00:13:05,640 --> 00:13:09,080 Speaker 1: Oh I have been using If anyone listens to Criminalia, 199 00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:13,120 Speaker 1: they know this. Lately, I have been using Apricot sparkling 200 00:13:13,160 --> 00:13:17,319 Speaker 1: water and cocktails fun delicious with a little rose delicious. 201 00:13:18,480 --> 00:13:21,920 Speaker 1: But I am training myself to like sparkling water because 202 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:25,520 Speaker 1: I do not naturally think yeah, yeah, I have an 203 00:13:25,559 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 1: assortment of bitters, so really like whatever I'm in the 204 00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:33,240 Speaker 1: mood for, I will make sparkling water with a little 205 00:13:33,280 --> 00:13:38,360 Speaker 1: bitters in it. Yeah, yeah, yeah, it was funny that 206 00:13:38,400 --> 00:13:41,280 Speaker 1: you mentioned a soda stream, because I forget which source 207 00:13:41,320 --> 00:13:43,760 Speaker 1: I used. I think there's a book called Fizz and 208 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:45,800 Speaker 1: it might have been in there, which is about the 209 00:13:45,840 --> 00:13:51,080 Speaker 1: history of carbonated beverages, and it kind of compares Nowth's 210 00:13:51,120 --> 00:13:58,560 Speaker 1: device to like the original soda stream for eighteenth century 211 00:13:58,720 --> 00:14:02,680 Speaker 1: water drinkers. I think we got it as a We 212 00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:06,520 Speaker 1: either got it as a wedding present, or we had 213 00:14:06,559 --> 00:14:10,560 Speaker 1: gotten two of something from our wedding registry and we 214 00:14:10,640 --> 00:14:13,560 Speaker 1: returned the second one and used it to buy a 215 00:14:13,640 --> 00:14:17,680 Speaker 1: soda stream. Smart. I will say while we're talking about 216 00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:21,640 Speaker 1: sparkling waters that it breaks my heart that it's pronounced 217 00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:24,640 Speaker 1: Lacroix and not Lacroix according to the company, because it 218 00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:31,040 Speaker 1: just sounds prettier my way. I know, you hate saying 219 00:14:31,080 --> 00:14:35,000 Speaker 1: it that way. I hate it. Yeah, there's there were 220 00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:38,200 Speaker 1: some interesting stories that were associated with this that would 221 00:14:38,240 --> 00:14:40,320 Speaker 1: have been kind of a wild goose chase, and not 222 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:45,480 Speaker 1: necessarily germane. One of them is a really good bickering thing, 223 00:14:45,800 --> 00:14:47,880 Speaker 1: and one of them is a cool thing, and another 224 00:14:47,920 --> 00:14:51,320 Speaker 1: thing is a scandal. So the first thing is one 225 00:14:51,360 --> 00:14:56,320 Speaker 1: of Priestley's apparatuses with the pig bladder was actually used 226 00:14:56,320 --> 00:14:59,760 Speaker 1: by Captain Cook on his second voyage because they were 227 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:04,200 Speaker 1: trying to to test the value of CO two impregnated 228 00:15:04,240 --> 00:15:08,240 Speaker 1: water as a preventative of scurvy. Guess what doesn't work. 229 00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:12,040 Speaker 1: But it'll work if you put some sisters in it. 230 00:15:13,920 --> 00:15:19,240 Speaker 1: But that wasn't happening. So that priestly apparatus with the bladder. 231 00:15:19,600 --> 00:15:23,200 Speaker 1: We mentioned that Nuth in particular was like, hey, this 232 00:15:23,320 --> 00:15:26,880 Speaker 1: tastes like urine, and so did a lot of other people. 233 00:15:26,920 --> 00:15:30,080 Speaker 1: And Priestley got really mad about it. Oh yeah, and 234 00:15:30,240 --> 00:15:36,440 Speaker 1: wrote a lot of very angry stuff about it, because 235 00:15:36,440 --> 00:15:39,960 Speaker 1: he was angry on multiple levels, including the implication that 236 00:15:40,040 --> 00:15:44,080 Speaker 1: he couldn't tell the difference between water that tasted like 237 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:47,960 Speaker 1: urine and water that didn't. I can see how that 238 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:51,400 Speaker 1: would be frustrating, right, And he was like, I have 239 00:15:51,520 --> 00:15:55,560 Speaker 1: had so many of my colleagues taste this. None of 240 00:15:55,640 --> 00:15:59,320 Speaker 1: us tasted this note of urine you're talking about. You 241 00:15:59,400 --> 00:16:02,760 Speaker 1: are clearly biased. And then he made the accusation that 242 00:16:02,800 --> 00:16:06,040 Speaker 1: one of Nuth's assistants must have peeded in the apparatus. 243 00:16:07,640 --> 00:16:16,200 Speaker 1: Oh no, oh no, uh, it's pretty funny. He talks 244 00:16:16,240 --> 00:16:19,320 Speaker 1: about his friends having very delicate sensibilities so they would 245 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:24,120 Speaker 1: have noticed, which is not really the most complimentary thing 246 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:28,560 Speaker 1: to say about someone, right, but it was. It is 247 00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:31,920 Speaker 1: pretty funny that they had this whole argument, and I mean, 248 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:35,400 Speaker 1: to Priestley's credit, he did eventually be like, yeah, that's 249 00:16:35,440 --> 00:16:37,960 Speaker 1: actually better than mine. I get it. I get it. 250 00:16:37,960 --> 00:16:40,920 Speaker 1: It is cleaner, it creates a sealed, you know thing 251 00:16:41,040 --> 00:16:45,400 Speaker 1: instead of mine, which still has animal matter involved. And 252 00:16:45,560 --> 00:16:47,720 Speaker 1: you know, the taking out of the bottle that you 253 00:16:47,760 --> 00:16:49,880 Speaker 1: then have to hold closed with your finger to shake 254 00:16:49,920 --> 00:16:55,160 Speaker 1: it like obviously not as sterile as something you can 255 00:16:55,160 --> 00:17:00,560 Speaker 1: seal connector to connector right. I just love the idea 256 00:17:00,600 --> 00:17:02,920 Speaker 1: that he got so mad he was writing all of 257 00:17:02,960 --> 00:17:05,639 Speaker 1: these op eds that were like my water doesn't taste 258 00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:09,240 Speaker 1: like pea. Made me laugh and laugh. I don't think 259 00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:11,120 Speaker 1: you ever watched the show Home Movies, which I'm sure 260 00:17:11,119 --> 00:17:14,000 Speaker 1: I've invoked on the show before. It is, you know, 261 00:17:14,240 --> 00:17:18,560 Speaker 1: long term precursor to Bob's Burgers with some other shows 262 00:17:18,560 --> 00:17:20,800 Speaker 1: in the middle. But there was a very funny episode 263 00:17:20,840 --> 00:17:24,840 Speaker 1: where to me one of the coach played by John 264 00:17:24,880 --> 00:17:29,720 Speaker 1: Benjamin Coach mcgirkh who I love forever, took some of 265 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:31,879 Speaker 1: the kids camping, and one of the kids pete in 266 00:17:31,920 --> 00:17:36,560 Speaker 1: his canteen as a practical joke, and then when he 267 00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:38,639 Speaker 1: drank it and said it tastes like pee, they were like, 268 00:17:38,680 --> 00:17:41,359 Speaker 1: how do you know what pee tastes like? That's what 269 00:17:41,480 --> 00:17:43,399 Speaker 1: I thought of while reading all of this back and 270 00:17:43,480 --> 00:17:57,280 Speaker 1: forth about it tasting like pea. Okay, so the somewhat 271 00:17:57,320 --> 00:18:04,440 Speaker 1: scandalous bit and this is horrifying, but is also it 272 00:18:04,960 --> 00:18:09,400 Speaker 1: worked out, So before I go into this, it is 273 00:18:09,440 --> 00:18:13,520 Speaker 1: not going to any place scary or frightening in terms 274 00:18:13,600 --> 00:18:20,520 Speaker 1: of inappropriate sexual behavior. Okay, Okay. When Collette was still 275 00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:24,680 Speaker 1: a kid, the family had a friend who was her tutor. 276 00:18:25,760 --> 00:18:28,080 Speaker 1: She was twelve at the time, and he fell in 277 00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:31,960 Speaker 1: love with her, oh dear, and he said he would 278 00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:34,399 Speaker 1: like to marry her when she was of age. Like 279 00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:37,720 Speaker 1: he basically wanted to say, like, hey, when she turns eighteen, 280 00:18:39,040 --> 00:18:44,000 Speaker 1: I would like to be her fiance. And they were like, 281 00:18:44,960 --> 00:18:47,200 Speaker 1: that's weird, but we have some years to think about this. 282 00:18:48,119 --> 00:18:53,880 Speaker 1: But then they ran away together. Oh no. According to 283 00:18:53,920 --> 00:18:57,359 Speaker 1: all accounts, he was going to put her in a 284 00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:01,960 Speaker 1: convent school and then return for her when she became legal. 285 00:19:02,000 --> 00:19:06,639 Speaker 1: Age and that nothing inappropriate ever happened. But whether or 286 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:11,000 Speaker 1: not that was the case, Sppa was like you kidnapped 287 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,959 Speaker 1: my kid. Sure, and they got collect back like very quickly, 288 00:19:15,040 --> 00:19:21,280 Speaker 1: like in a few days. And even though it seems 289 00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:23,639 Speaker 1: like the family kind of made up with this dude, 290 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:27,240 Speaker 1: at least superficially, they still he still had to answer 291 00:19:27,240 --> 00:19:28,760 Speaker 1: for it in a court of law, and he did 292 00:19:28,800 --> 00:19:33,920 Speaker 1: have what to me seems like a pretty mild sentencing. 293 00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:38,640 Speaker 1: I think, like he couldn't live in Geneva, and there 294 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:40,960 Speaker 1: was something else, but it was pretty minor. It wasn't 295 00:19:40,960 --> 00:19:44,560 Speaker 1: like there was no imprisonment, there was no but he 296 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:46,560 Speaker 1: was not the person that Collet married, by the way 297 00:19:48,680 --> 00:19:51,240 Speaker 1: he vanished from their lives, it seems. But it was 298 00:19:51,240 --> 00:19:53,359 Speaker 1: one of those things where one of the histories I 299 00:19:53,440 --> 00:19:57,720 Speaker 1: was reading, I think it's the one that was written 300 00:19:57,720 --> 00:20:00,000 Speaker 1: in nineteen eighty three, like kind of goes down this 301 00:20:00,119 --> 00:20:04,680 Speaker 1: side path of Collette's weird elopement and how this strange 302 00:20:04,720 --> 00:20:06,760 Speaker 1: friend of the family was just in love with her, 303 00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:10,280 Speaker 1: And it also made me think as they get to 304 00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:12,320 Speaker 1: the point where it's like when she is fourteen, though 305 00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:15,280 Speaker 1: she's essentially kind of doing the work of an adult, 306 00:20:15,320 --> 00:20:18,800 Speaker 1: and I'm like, there are a lot of weird boundary 307 00:20:18,840 --> 00:20:25,400 Speaker 1: issues here. Yeah, yeah, but it was kind of fascinating. 308 00:20:26,119 --> 00:20:28,440 Speaker 1: It is very sweet that she and her father were 309 00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:30,600 Speaker 1: very very close and you know, did want to work 310 00:20:30,640 --> 00:20:34,359 Speaker 1: together and she did not. I was not able to 311 00:20:34,359 --> 00:20:39,000 Speaker 1: find any primary sources that are like in her voice, 312 00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:42,560 Speaker 1: but based on the fact that she and her husband 313 00:20:42,640 --> 00:20:44,920 Speaker 1: chose to stay near her father and they still spend 314 00:20:44,920 --> 00:20:46,639 Speaker 1: a lot of time together, it doesn't seem like she 315 00:20:46,720 --> 00:20:49,920 Speaker 1: was ever resentful of any of that. But who knows. 316 00:20:50,680 --> 00:20:53,120 Speaker 1: People hang onto things without talking about them. But anyway, 317 00:20:53,359 --> 00:20:57,600 Speaker 1: I found this all very fascinating, the whole Yakumschweppe story 318 00:20:57,720 --> 00:21:01,760 Speaker 1: and how he sometimes made what seems like not great 319 00:21:01,800 --> 00:21:05,719 Speaker 1: agreements like that whole like you can tell me that I, uh, 320 00:21:06,560 --> 00:21:08,639 Speaker 1: I can't I have to close the London office and 321 00:21:08,680 --> 00:21:11,080 Speaker 1: that none of my receipts will be paid after that 322 00:21:11,920 --> 00:21:15,320 Speaker 1: other than like getting back to Geneva. That seems like 323 00:21:15,359 --> 00:21:18,320 Speaker 1: such a weird clause to have in a contract. Yeah, 324 00:21:18,359 --> 00:21:20,359 Speaker 1: and it almost makes it seem like those two dudes 325 00:21:20,400 --> 00:21:24,840 Speaker 1: always wanted to cut him out of the business. Depending 326 00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:27,280 Speaker 1: on what Sorhi read, it does sort of sound like 327 00:21:27,840 --> 00:21:30,840 Speaker 1: Nicholas Paul did want to take over the business. But 328 00:21:31,480 --> 00:21:34,200 Speaker 1: we're getting it all filtered through various lenses, and there 329 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:39,560 Speaker 1: isn't a ton of documentation. There's like one Gassa kept 330 00:21:38,520 --> 00:21:42,800 Speaker 1: a pretty detailed set of notes for a while and 331 00:21:42,840 --> 00:21:45,919 Speaker 1: then no more, and so it's a piece in some 332 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:51,760 Speaker 1: of it together. But I love bubbles. So thanks guys, Yeah, yeah, 333 00:21:54,040 --> 00:21:57,959 Speaker 1: thanks Priestley nuth Sheppa. I should mention we didn't talk 334 00:21:58,000 --> 00:22:00,440 Speaker 1: about it in the episode, but he is remain to 335 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:04,000 Speaker 1: our show because we've talked about him before. Antoine Lavoisier 336 00:22:04,119 --> 00:22:07,000 Speaker 1: was also working on this, and he's people for whom 337 00:22:07,040 --> 00:22:12,440 Speaker 1: the letters were flying back and forth. But yeah, they 338 00:22:12,440 --> 00:22:15,719 Speaker 1: were all figuring it out one at a time together, 339 00:22:17,040 --> 00:22:21,840 Speaker 1: debating over whether it tasted like urine. If this is 340 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:24,560 Speaker 1: your weekend coming up, we hope that you raise a 341 00:22:24,560 --> 00:22:27,639 Speaker 1: glass of whatever, whatever bubbly beverage you like, or a 342 00:22:27,760 --> 00:22:32,119 Speaker 1: non carbonated beverage if that's your preference, and that you 343 00:22:32,320 --> 00:22:34,159 Speaker 1: just get some time to hang and relax and that 344 00:22:34,240 --> 00:22:37,439 Speaker 1: everything goes as smoothly as possible. If you don't have 345 00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:39,679 Speaker 1: time off, I still hope you drink something delicious and 346 00:22:39,680 --> 00:22:42,320 Speaker 1: that you still find a minute or two Just for you. 347 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:45,159 Speaker 1: We will be right back here tomorrow with a classic 348 00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:52,840 Speaker 1: episode and then on Monday with something brand new. Stuff 349 00:22:52,840 --> 00:22:55,600 Speaker 1: you Missed in History Class is a production of iHeartRadio. 350 00:22:55,960 --> 00:22:59,760 Speaker 1: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple 351 00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:02,719 Speaker 1: pot Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.