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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark,

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Speaker 1: just Charles W. Chuck Bryant. So this is the stuff

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Speaker 1: you should know the podcast. Yes, indeed, Um, you know,

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Speaker 1: archaeology was the first word, first big word I could

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Speaker 1: spell early, because like two weeks old when you're spelling archaeology. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I couldn't spell anything else for years and years, but

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Speaker 1: I could spell archaeology. I love archaeology. Yeah, me too.

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Speaker 1: It's one of my favorite things actually too, although I

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Speaker 1: didn't list that when I was asked what my favorite

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Speaker 1: things were in that one listener mail, and still it's

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Speaker 1: up there. Um, but you too, huh oh yeah, starting

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Speaker 1: with uh, well, starting with Indiana Jones. Yeah, that definitely

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Speaker 1: helps that that we were alive and at the right

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Speaker 1: age when those came out. Um, well, Chuck, there's a ship.

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Speaker 1: It's an unnamed ship as far as I know, that

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Speaker 1: went down in the g and c off the coast

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Speaker 1: of a tiny, teeny little spit of land called Anti

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Speaker 1: Cathera in Greece, in between Crete and the Greek mainland,

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Speaker 1: I believe, and um in nineteen o one or nine

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Speaker 1: hundred it was discovered and it actually ended up giving

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Speaker 1: birth to the field of um marine archaeology. Actually it

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Speaker 1: was the first shipwreck that was ever excavated archaeologically. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think I wrote an article on that way back

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Speaker 1: in the day. Underwater archaeology. It's a very tricky, I

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Speaker 1: would imagine, so because most of the stuff you find

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Speaker 1: is falling apart, Like the second you take it out

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Speaker 1: of water, it starts falling apart. Right, So they've gotten

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Speaker 1: really good now and imagine they were not as good

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Speaker 1: about it in nineteen hundreds about bringing stuff up still

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Speaker 1: in water, yeah, and transporting in water, same sea water,

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Speaker 1: display it in water to uh well know then they

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Speaker 1: start poking around in yeah, right water. Yeah, with the water.

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Speaker 1: It's pretty sensible. Um I could have come up with that,

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Speaker 1: I think with that method. Yeah, good for you. Um well,

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Speaker 1: So okay, anyway, this shipwreck that was discovered in discovered

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Speaker 1: actually by accident, right. Yeah. There was some sponge divers.

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Speaker 1: You know, sponge diving. It's a big deal. Apparently it

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Speaker 1: wasn't Greece. It was. That's where you had to get

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Speaker 1: sponges back in the day. Uh is in the ocean,

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Speaker 1: and they were the sponge divers who they actually got

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Speaker 1: blown off course by a bad storm and ended up

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Speaker 1: in that lovely part of town, and they said, boy,

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Speaker 1: this is great, let's just dive here. One guy dove down,

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Speaker 1: came back up and there. They weren't free diving at

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Speaker 1: this point, and actually had you can listen to her well,

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Speaker 1: it wasn't a diving bell, but underwater breathing apparatus is.

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Speaker 1: At this point. He came back and he's like, oh

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Speaker 1: my god, they're dead horses and dead men everywhere. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and the boss is like, I don't know about that.

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Speaker 1: Let me go dive down there. He dives down and

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Speaker 1: comes up with a bronze hand and says, you big dummy.

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Speaker 1: They smacked the guy over the head with it. It's

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Speaker 1: a statue, a bunch of statues down there decomposing. And

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Speaker 1: then he went, wait, why are there a bunch of

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Speaker 1: statues down there? And they they said, well, let's figure out,

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Speaker 1: let's remember where the spot is and we'll just head

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Speaker 1: off to North Africa and do our sponge diving like

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Speaker 1: we were going to initially. Yeah, they still have to

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Speaker 1: make some dough, right, But when they came back, they

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Speaker 1: took the bronze arm and the location of the ship

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Speaker 1: to the Greek government. And the Greek government said, you

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Speaker 1: know what, this could be a big deal. We have

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Speaker 1: a lot of antiquities out there under the sea and

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Speaker 1: this might be some sort of treasure troups. So they

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Speaker 1: hired these sponge divers to go back and excavate this place,

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Speaker 1: and they found some pretty amazing stuff. In addition to

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Speaker 1: the bronze arm, they found all sorts of marble statues. Um.

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Speaker 1: They found a bronze statue of a young athlete. I

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Speaker 1: think it was like six ft tall, a little bigger

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Speaker 1: than life is what they call it. Um they found

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Speaker 1: a bust of a cynic, a philosopher, a very detailed

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Speaker 1: lifelike bust that's really neat. And um that was the

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Speaker 1: guy whose arm. That was his arm, Oh, it was

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Speaker 1: his arm. Okay. Um. And they found all manner of stuff,

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Speaker 1: some really cool stuff and brought it up and they

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Speaker 1: displayed it in the museum. And among this trove, um

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Speaker 1: there was a greatly overlooked item item number one five

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Speaker 1: zero eight seven. And um, it was this weird kind

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Speaker 1: of it looked almost like a kind of a clock

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Speaker 1: face in a wooden frame and no one knew what

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Speaker 1: it was, and compared to the amazing art that had

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Speaker 1: been brought up, it looked like a pile of garbage basically,

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Speaker 1: So they just piled it away um and it languished

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Speaker 1: for a while until it was um kind of rediscovered again. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and giving credit where credit is due. The Sponge Team captain,

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Speaker 1: I think that's what they called themselves. He was captain, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Sponge Team Captain, Demetrius Kantos. And then the cry baby

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Speaker 1: who dove down there and thought he saw dead people

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Speaker 1: was Elias Stadiatus. And if there's one thing I love,

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Speaker 1: it's Greek names. Love the names. Do you like those

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Speaker 1: as much as archaeology? Greek archaeologists that you're pretty much

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Speaker 1: flying in the upper atmosphere for me. Uh So those

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Speaker 1: were the dudes that led the Sponge team, and all

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Speaker 1: those antiquities, they're scattered about a little bit, but most

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Speaker 1: of them are in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens, Greece.

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Speaker 1: Uh and also some in Switzerland, oddly enough, and then

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Speaker 1: some more in a different museum of underwater antiquity in Greece.

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Speaker 1: And the reason the Greeks went to this trouble and

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Speaker 1: didn't just say whatever. Who cares about a bronze arm.

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Speaker 1: Apparently they'd been defeated recently by the Ottoman Turks within

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Speaker 1: the last few years, and we're looking for a way

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Speaker 1: to restore some national pride. And what better way to

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Speaker 1: restore national pride than raising two thousand year old statues

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Speaker 1: of your you know, ancient gods that were made by

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Speaker 1: your predecessors. And not only statues, but um, lamps and

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Speaker 1: bowls and utensils and tools and just all sorts of stuff.

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Speaker 1: It was a treasure trove. Yeah. So, um, this this

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Speaker 1: site still is basically intact. Um. It's a it's the

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Speaker 1: shipwreck is over Um a couple of I think about

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Speaker 1: three d foot span, about the length of a football field.

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Speaker 1: And there's actually for a long time they thought it

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Speaker 1: was two ships, but they think actually no, it was

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Speaker 1: an enormous, massive ship that broke into two and is

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Speaker 1: um they've only just found the front. They found like

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Speaker 1: the cabin, they haven't even found the hold. And that

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Speaker 1: it was a huge grain ship that had been converted

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Speaker 1: to basically a treasure ship that was taking Greek antiquities

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Speaker 1: to Rome around sixty b c. E um. And it's sunk.

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Speaker 1: So they there's all these treasures that they haven't even

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Speaker 1: found yet. They dove on it in nineteen hundred and one,

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Speaker 1: Jacques Cousteau hit it up in nineteen fifty and then

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Speaker 1: again in nineteen and now there's the most sophisticated dives

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Speaker 1: that are being taken on it. Yes, he's on it UM.

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Speaker 1: As of two thousand and fourteen, there's an international team

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Speaker 1: that includes some people from Woods Hole Geographic Institute or

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Speaker 1: Oceanographic Institute UM who are really starting to figure this out. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and you know, one of the reasons you're still doing

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Speaker 1: this is because, like you said, it's just a great

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Speaker 1: find no matter what. But the other reason is because

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Speaker 1: item number one zero eight seven a k A. The

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Speaker 1: h how's that pronounced again? Annikathera anacathera mechanism is UM

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Speaker 1: one of the most mysterious finds ever because nobody knows

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Speaker 1: who made it. Uh and until recently no one knew

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Speaker 1: exactly what it was. But now they pretty much figured

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Speaker 1: it out. Yeah. Well, so when they when they first

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Speaker 1: brought it up in N one UM again, it just

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Speaker 1: looked like some weird kind of kind of like a clock,

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Speaker 1: but it was in a wooden frame as the wooden

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Speaker 1: frame was exposed to the air, it's it split and

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Speaker 1: the stuff inside fell apart. And when it fell apart,

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Speaker 1: one of the directors of the museum, I believe spirit

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Speaker 1: On Stais another great name. Um, he looked inside and

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Speaker 1: realized that these are all like actually different bronze parts,

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Speaker 1: and they have inscriptions and they appear to be geared

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Speaker 1: teeth like precision gears. Right, Except that's impossible because that

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Speaker 1: technology didn't come along for well over a thousand years later, yes,

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Speaker 1: a thousand plus, like maybe fourteen hundred, two thousand years later, right,

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Speaker 1: So it pops up in the west about the fourteenth

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Speaker 1: century in Europe. So yeah, like you say, it's totally

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Speaker 1: impossible that this could be what what he's looking at,

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Speaker 1: not fifty or a hundred years. So some people said, Um,

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Speaker 1: this thing probably accidentally was dropped over this wreck site

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Speaker 1: and just happened to nestle in and make it seem

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Speaker 1: like it was part of this ancient shipwreck. Nope, No,

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Speaker 1: it was found underneath other debris in the shipwreck. So

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Speaker 1: that's virtually impossible. But it was so confounding, and it's

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Speaker 1: so completely undermined our understanding at the time of technology

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Speaker 1: like that and just the understanding of that kind of

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Speaker 1: precision engineering. Um that it was just set aside, like

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Speaker 1: no one knows what this says. Let's just pretend it

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Speaker 1: doesn't exist. Yeah. Uh, and that happened until about the

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Speaker 1: nineteen fifties. And uh, we'll take a little break here

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Speaker 1: and we'll get back to what happened in the nineteen

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Speaker 1: fifties right after this. Alright, so it's nineteen fifties. Everyone's

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Speaker 1: drunk at lunch, smoking cigarette, throwing trash out of their window, right,

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Speaker 1: and there's an impossible machine rotting away in a museum

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Speaker 1: in Greece, that's right. And that's when a man named

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Speaker 1: Derek Dislo Price. Uh so, you know what, this thing

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Speaker 1: is pretty neat and I think I'm gonna make this

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Speaker 1: my new obsession. So he spent years researching this thing

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Speaker 1: and basically said, I think it's some sort of weird

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Speaker 1: Uh he said computer. He meant, well, he didn't mean computer,

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Speaker 1: because it can't be a computer. Obviously it's not programmable now,

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Speaker 1: so it can't be a computer. But it's I mean

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Speaker 1: that words not terribly far off off. Yeah, it's not

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Speaker 1: a computer. So he's using the wrong word there. But

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Speaker 1: along with Dr c uh Man another great Greek name

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Speaker 1: Kara Kallos, he's a radiographer. He said, let's take some

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Speaker 1: X rays of this thing. In the nineteen seventy four

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Speaker 1: he published as Findings in Gears from the Greeks, which

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Speaker 1: he thought was gonna light the world on fire. But

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Speaker 1: it turns out people were a little scared, uh to say, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this thing is predates these kind of precision gears by

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Speaker 1: well over a thousand years, So let's rethink everything we

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Speaker 1: know about this kind of technology. Everyone, No one wanted

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Speaker 1: to touch it with the tin footpole, is what I gathered.

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Speaker 1: It was kind of ignored the at the time. The

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Speaker 1: people who were studying ancient Greece were studying their written documents, right,

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Speaker 1: they weren't studying like artifacts, like physical relics or anything

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Speaker 1: like that, and they certainly weren't really up on the

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Speaker 1: ancient Greek technology technology. Um. And so yeah, he wrote

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Speaker 1: this this book and just expected it to change the

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Speaker 1: world because he really had approached it from a very

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Speaker 1: scientific standpoint. When they finally released his book in the seventies, right,

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Speaker 1: his theory on what it was was correct. Yeah, he

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Speaker 1: theorized that It was a I'm going to use the

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Speaker 1: word computer alright, a mechanism. It was a mechanism with

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Speaker 1: UM at one point up to seventy two different precise gears,

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Speaker 1: two gears that all interacted with one another to track

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Speaker 1: the movement of the celestial bodies, the five planets that

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Speaker 1: were visible to the naked eye, the Sun, the Moon,

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Speaker 1: It tracked eclipses solar and lunar um. And it also

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Speaker 1: um it tracked the Olympic Games just as an added bonus. Well,

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Speaker 1: if you're gonna have a astronomical calculator, you might as

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Speaker 1: well throw in a sports calendar. Yeah, you know, might

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Speaker 1: as well. Uh, and so the whole thing again, this

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Speaker 1: thing should not have existed, like it wasn't for another

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Speaker 1: four years before anything like this appeared in the West. Um.

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Speaker 1: So it shouldn't have been which was another reason why

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Speaker 1: a lot of people weren't like, yes, this is a

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Speaker 1: great book Gears from the Greeks. It changed everything. They

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Speaker 1: were like, you're totally full of it. And this poor guy,

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Speaker 1: Um Price was not helped at all by a guy

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Speaker 1: named Eric van Danikin right. Yeah, he wrote a book

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Speaker 1: in uh nineteen sixty eight called Chariots of the Gods,

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Speaker 1: and in that he proposed that, um, there are aliens

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Speaker 1: who have been bringing us technological gifts to Earth and

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Speaker 1: this is one of them. And everyone this was a

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Speaker 1: really popular book, so he got all the headlines with

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Speaker 1: just a completely fabricated story. Yeah, it was like it

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Speaker 1: was the birth of the interest in ufology and the

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Speaker 1: Bermuda Triangle. The Naski lines are um landing strips, that

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Speaker 1: kind of stuff. Right, So when this guy came along

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Speaker 1: and put his stamp of um nuttiness, I guess if

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Speaker 1: certainly interesting. That whole Time Life Mysteries series definitely came

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Speaker 1: out of this von Dannikin's work kind of thing, but

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Speaker 1: it had nothing to do with any kind of academy

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Speaker 1: or scholarliness, right, so he really helped put the kai

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Speaker 1: bosh on Price's work. This gears from the Greeks, and

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Speaker 1: it languished for a while, um for another couple of decades,

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Speaker 1: I believe, right, Yeah, that's right. It wasn't until the

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Speaker 1: mid two thousand's that they decided, you know what, we

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Speaker 1: had this great technology now called CT scanning, computed UH tomography,

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Speaker 1: and what we can do with this stuff? We can

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Speaker 1: actually get inside this thing. And there are videos of

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Speaker 1: this actually being done on the mechanism. It's really cool looking.

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Speaker 1: You can like watch it unfold in real time. And

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Speaker 1: they basedly figured out from the inside out how this

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Speaker 1: thing worked and how it operated. And it is as follows.

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Speaker 1: There's a picture like a a wooden box about the

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Speaker 1: size of a shoe box. Right, Yeah, it looks bigger

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Speaker 1: to me, but I guess um I saw someone else

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Speaker 1: to describe it like a thick laptop size. Okay, again

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Speaker 1: with the computers, people just can't stop. It's the computer,

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Speaker 1: an ancient computer. On one side of the box, if

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Speaker 1: if it's standing like a shoe box on end. On

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Speaker 1: one side, there's a crank like just a small dial

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Speaker 1: with a little handle they would used to crank this

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Speaker 1: thing up. The handles missing. Now, by the way, this

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Speaker 1: is what you're describing is what it looked like originally. Right.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, Now it's just disintegrated blobs and chunks of things. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So the knob on the side is what wound it

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Speaker 1: forward and backward. And uh, then you had a big

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Speaker 1: front side and a backside. All the gears are in

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Speaker 1: the middle contained their end. Yes, and again these are

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Speaker 1: gears with teeth between fifteen and twenty three of them

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Speaker 1: on a gear, and all of them. The number of

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Speaker 1: teeth that they have has to do with their relationship

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Speaker 1: to the other gears they interact with, that's right. So

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Speaker 1: they have all these different hands. If you wound it up,

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Speaker 1: it would engage these gears. Uh. Each of the hands

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Speaker 1: moves at a separate pace and represents what you said earlier,

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Speaker 1: the five planets and Earth in the moon basically Sun

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Speaker 1: and Sun and moon basically anything we can see from

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Speaker 1: Earth at this point, right, And these are the gears inside,

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Speaker 1: and the gears are physically representing how the say, the

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Speaker 1: Sun and the Moon interact. Well, now these are the hands, right,

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Speaker 1: but then they're driving the hands, and the hands have

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Speaker 1: a representation in the form of a colored orb on

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Speaker 1: the face of the actual mechanism the machine exactly. So

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Speaker 1: on the back side, you've got two more dial systems. UH.

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Speaker 1: One is a calendar of the lunar and solar eclipse,

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Speaker 1: and another one UM, basically, like you said, was the

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Speaker 1: sports calendar. The Olympics are coming up than four years

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Speaker 1: after that, there'll be more Olympics, so four years. So

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Speaker 1: on the front, it was at tracked the day right.

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Speaker 1: That was the big the big front face of it.

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Speaker 1: I believe it did. Um. And then on the back

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Speaker 1: when it's when it's tracking eclipses um that that actually

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Speaker 1: so chuck. When you make a clock, the whole purpose

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Speaker 1: of a clock is so any guy can come along

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Speaker 1: and be like, oh, it's this day right. So you

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Speaker 1: want your clock to be accurate. The problem is if

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Speaker 1: you're tracking just the solar calendar, you're tracking just the

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Speaker 1: movement of the moon, your clock is going to or

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Speaker 1: your calendar is eventually going to fall out a sink

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Speaker 1: and all of a sudden, something like one of the

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Speaker 1: solstic says, your summer solstice is gonna show up in

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Speaker 1: December after eighteen years, right. So to do that, and

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Speaker 1: this has been like one of the big things that

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Speaker 1: clockmakers and calendar makers have had to deal with forever.

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Speaker 1: You have to figure out how to reconcile the movement

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Speaker 1: of the sun and the moon with your calendar so

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Speaker 1: that it stays up to date literally right and mechanically

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Speaker 1: but also mathematically right. So several great thinkers figured out

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Speaker 1: that if you take um the tracking of the moon

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Speaker 1: and extrapolated by enough times, it will eventually sync up

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Speaker 1: years down the line with the solar calendar. I think

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Speaker 1: over the course of like nineteen years, and this is

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Speaker 1: what's called the metonic cycle. Right, there's like five hundred

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Speaker 1: and thirty four phases of the moon in one nineteen

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Speaker 1: year period, and if you can track that, then you

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Speaker 1: can keep your calendar in sync. This is the level

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Speaker 1: of sophistication that the the antick, THEA mechanism operates on.

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Speaker 1: And to this point, we did not realize that the

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Speaker 1: ancient Greeks had this level of understanding of astronomy. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it was. It was a big It was a big

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Speaker 1: fine for a lot of reasons, and that's one of

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Speaker 1: them for sure. Yeah. And one of the reasons that

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Speaker 1: we know that they knew this and we're not just

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Speaker 1: kind of putting our own ideas onto it is when

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Speaker 1: they use that computer tomography, they found inscriptions on all

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Speaker 1: these different gears which basically said how they work and

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Speaker 1: what they track, which is another reason this find was

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Speaker 1: so amazing. It basically had an instruction manual engraved on it.

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Speaker 1: That's right, and we will talk more about that right

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Speaker 1: after this. All right, So you're talking about the inscriptions, um,

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Speaker 1: Like you said, it was a user's guide. If there's

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Speaker 1: going to be a sophisticated piece of equipment, like, uh,

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Speaker 1: this computer, it's gonna come with a book that says

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Speaker 1: here's how you use it. Uh. So the finding I mean,

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Speaker 1: they're doing a pretty good job of discovering the stuff

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Speaker 1: on their own, but then finding the user's guide and

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Speaker 1: piecing that together became even a bigger part of the puzzle.

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Speaker 1: It did. And then that user guy. It also too

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Speaker 1: if like you're an anthropologist from five years in the

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Speaker 1: future and you happened upon a user guide to a

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Speaker 1: mac or something, right, it also describes like the level

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Speaker 1: of technology that the people who built this computer had,

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Speaker 1: Like in writing, it says, this is what we know,

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Speaker 1: this is what we understand. So again, this backdated the

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Speaker 1: understanding of astronomy among the Greeks too, far earlier than

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00:20:35,560 --> 00:20:38,399
Speaker 1: we'd ever given them credit for. And it confirmed a

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Speaker 1: lot of stuff that had been thrown out over the

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Speaker 1: years as flights of fancy your imagination by writers who

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00:20:44,640 --> 00:20:48,000
Speaker 1: had cited this kind of understanding um of the people

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Speaker 1: of their time, and later historians were like, these people

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00:20:50,760 --> 00:20:53,240
Speaker 1: were just just making up and it was a lucky guess.

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Speaker 1: This this mechanism has helped show No, these these guys

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Speaker 1: actually knew what they were talking about. Yeah. One of

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Speaker 1: those was UM. There was a belief, uh, well by

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Speaker 1: some but not held by others, that UM ancient Greeks

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Speaker 1: had calendars where they excluded certain days to adjust the

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Speaker 1: lengths of the months. A lot of people like, no,

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Speaker 1: no, no no, no, there's there's no way that they were

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00:21:16,200 --> 00:21:20,680
Speaker 1: that sophisticated this machine basically, and the accompanying guide book

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00:21:20,720 --> 00:21:24,680
Speaker 1: proved it to be true, which is pretty great. And

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Speaker 1: because of its sophistication, there a list of people from

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Speaker 1: that time that they think may have had a hand

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00:21:31,240 --> 00:21:34,639
Speaker 1: in this UM. Of course, Archimedes, he's gonna be in

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00:21:34,680 --> 00:21:37,919
Speaker 1: there anytime something specialist found. Yeah, and there's actually writing

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Speaker 1: about Archimedes creating a like a a sphere, a three

354
00:21:42,160 --> 00:21:46,120
Speaker 1: dimensional model that actually doesn't really sound like the antithera

355
00:21:46,240 --> 00:21:48,600
Speaker 1: mechanism now, but it will be on any list if

356
00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:53,800
Speaker 1: you find something that, like any mechanism, is sophisticated. Hipparchus,

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Speaker 1: who I think, I don't know if we talked about

358
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Speaker 1: him yet or not. He's a mathematician and astronomer, and uh,

359
00:22:01,040 --> 00:22:03,720
Speaker 1: I think he the time period worked out for him,

360
00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:05,480
Speaker 1: so he could have been one of the people involved.

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00:22:05,800 --> 00:22:08,760
Speaker 1: My money's on him, you know, yeah, or his student

362
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Speaker 1: Poseidonest Okay, was that Posidonius? Yeah, I like Poseidoness. I'm

363
00:22:16,400 --> 00:22:18,239
Speaker 1: sure he did too, because that makes him sound like

364
00:22:18,280 --> 00:22:23,840
Speaker 1: a Greek god. Yeah. Uh. There are also some other hints,

365
00:22:23,880 --> 00:22:27,160
Speaker 1: you know, trying to piece together the mystery. UM. One

366
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Speaker 1: of the inscriptions refers to an athletic event in Rhodes,

367
00:22:31,320 --> 00:22:35,720
Speaker 1: which is where Hipparcus taught, where his school was. Yeah,

368
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Speaker 1: and there's a man named Alexander Jones. He's a specialist

369
00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:41,080
Speaker 1: at n y U and that's what he said. My

370
00:22:41,200 --> 00:22:45,240
Speaker 1: money's on roads. Is that that's where this thing came from, Yeah, Hipparcus, Yeah,

371
00:22:45,359 --> 00:22:50,760
Speaker 1: maybe Poseidoness. The other thing that helps is UM, well,

372
00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:55,600
Speaker 1: it doesn't help necessarily UM Hipparcus's case, but it kind

373
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Speaker 1: of excludes Archimedes. Some researchers um looked at all Babylonian

374
00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:04,640
Speaker 1: records of eclipses and tried to sink this thing up,

375
00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:08,800
Speaker 1: and apparently they were able to exclude hundreds of different

376
00:23:08,800 --> 00:23:12,760
Speaker 1: possibilities and settled on two oh five b c E

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Speaker 1: being the start date for the mechanism. Yeah, I think

378
00:23:16,600 --> 00:23:18,880
Speaker 1: it's a little older than they originally thought, right, Yeah,

379
00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:22,760
Speaker 1: they were thinking fifty two hundred BC, and they're like, no,

380
00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:25,719
Speaker 1: two oh five is probably the date that this thing

381
00:23:25,840 --> 00:23:28,800
Speaker 1: was intended to be set to. Because again, this thing's

382
00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:33,000
Speaker 1: tracking the movements of the bodies in the heavens based

383
00:23:33,080 --> 00:23:35,520
Speaker 1: on the movement of the sun in the moon, and

384
00:23:35,680 --> 00:23:38,480
Speaker 1: how do you track that by tracking eclipses? So you

385
00:23:38,520 --> 00:23:40,520
Speaker 1: would want to set it to an eclipse because there

386
00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:42,800
Speaker 1: has to be some starting point to set it to, right,

387
00:23:43,240 --> 00:23:45,760
Speaker 1: So they figured it was two oh five. Well, Archimedes,

388
00:23:45,880 --> 00:23:48,640
Speaker 1: as you remember, we did a whole episode on him.

389
00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:52,200
Speaker 1: We did someone the Death Ray. Yes, um, he was

390
00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:55,840
Speaker 1: killed by a Roman soldier in two twelve, um because

391
00:23:55,880 --> 00:23:58,080
Speaker 1: he wouldn't pay attention to the soldier who was telling

392
00:23:58,160 --> 00:24:01,879
Speaker 1: him to um, pay tension, I think. But he was

393
00:24:01,960 --> 00:24:05,399
Speaker 1: killed in two twelve, so that probably excludes him. He

394
00:24:05,520 --> 00:24:08,560
Speaker 1: was so smart he knew that of an eclipse was

395
00:24:08,640 --> 00:24:11,680
Speaker 1: coming in seven years and wanted his mechanism to start.

396
00:24:11,760 --> 00:24:15,240
Speaker 1: Then he was so broke he couldn't pay attention. Here

397
00:24:15,240 --> 00:24:17,440
Speaker 1: we hear that one. No, this is my first time

398
00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:21,440
Speaker 1: but hearing that joke. Yeah, yeah, those are good, you know.

399
00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:27,760
Speaker 1: In the burn contest or whatever your mama jokes. Yeah, yeah, kids,

400
00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:31,480
Speaker 1: it's a good one though. Uh what else? What else

401
00:24:31,520 --> 00:24:33,119
Speaker 1: you got here? Did not think that was going to

402
00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:37,240
Speaker 1: make an appearance in the UM. Well since then, there

403
00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:41,080
Speaker 1: have been uh ten models, at least ten um that

404
00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:44,199
Speaker 1: have been built kind of recreating this thing. Um. There

405
00:24:44,240 --> 00:24:46,520
Speaker 1: was a watchmaker that um got into it, and of

406
00:24:46,560 --> 00:24:49,440
Speaker 1: course that was a pretty uh the way the things

407
00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:51,840
Speaker 1: put together, it seems like a watching clockmaker would be

408
00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:56,160
Speaker 1: an ideal, stand it. Yeah, made one. Well, they made

409
00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:59,600
Speaker 1: three of this watch and it's it's like a watch

410
00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:01,920
Speaker 1: verse and of it. That's pretty amazing. It's pretty cool.

411
00:25:01,920 --> 00:25:04,200
Speaker 1: I wonder how much they went for those three. Oh,

412
00:25:04,400 --> 00:25:07,199
Speaker 1: I'm sure they were pretty cheap. Somebody made one out

413
00:25:07,240 --> 00:25:11,359
Speaker 1: of Legos. Yeah. Was it a Lego set or was

414
00:25:11,400 --> 00:25:14,199
Speaker 1: it just someone made a Lego model? Oh, they made

415
00:25:14,240 --> 00:25:16,600
Speaker 1: a Lego model. It was like an Apple engineer. I

416
00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:18,240
Speaker 1: didn't know. I thought it might have been a Lego set,

417
00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:21,560
Speaker 1: like a very obscure Lego set. Uh not yet. I'll

418
00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:25,119
Speaker 1: be the engineers, like, I'll sell you these plans Lego

419
00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:28,239
Speaker 1: if you want them. Old Kirk check. There's one thing

420
00:25:28,359 --> 00:25:31,720
Speaker 1: that um, it's amazing when we're like, wow, you know this,

421
00:25:31,960 --> 00:25:35,399
Speaker 1: this knowledge is even older than we we thought. And

422
00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:40,080
Speaker 1: a lot of people um point out that in the West, Yes,

423
00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:43,840
Speaker 1: it took until the fourteen the fourteenth century for this

424
00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:47,280
Speaker 1: knowledge to come about. We likely got it from um

425
00:25:47,600 --> 00:25:51,480
Speaker 1: Muslims Muslim scholars, but it's possible that it came to

426
00:25:51,920 --> 00:25:55,879
Speaker 1: the West via Muslim scholars from the Greeks. So this

427
00:25:56,160 --> 00:25:59,760
Speaker 1: knowledge was around the Muslims that were interacting with the

428
00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:04,959
Speaker 1: Weeks gained this knowledge and they had themselves until they

429
00:26:05,040 --> 00:26:09,040
Speaker 1: finally interacted with us in the West in the fourteenth century. Right,

430
00:26:09,920 --> 00:26:13,359
Speaker 1: it's pretty amazing. But other people are like, yeah, that's great.

431
00:26:13,720 --> 00:26:17,120
Speaker 1: Why didn't the Greeks build on this. If they had

432
00:26:17,280 --> 00:26:21,520
Speaker 1: this sophisticated and understanding of how to track time and

433
00:26:21,920 --> 00:26:28,000
Speaker 1: the movement of the heavenly bodies, why did they stop there? Well,

434
00:26:28,040 --> 00:26:31,320
Speaker 1: they may not have. They did, that's the thing. Well, no,

435
00:26:31,480 --> 00:26:34,399
Speaker 1: I mean until we find the next thing that was

436
00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:37,879
Speaker 1: years after that that we previously didn't know about. Now

437
00:26:37,960 --> 00:26:40,520
Speaker 1: the point is like, why didn't they build stuff that

438
00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:44,200
Speaker 1: survived and came down to this day and they didn't,

439
00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:47,800
Speaker 1: Like there's there's incontrovertibly they did not build on it

440
00:26:48,280 --> 00:26:50,399
Speaker 1: or else we would have it today. And Arthur C.

441
00:26:50,560 --> 00:26:53,560
Speaker 1: Clark is saying, if they had built on this level

442
00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:58,639
Speaker 1: of sophistication and it had continued uninterrupted today, we'd be

443
00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:01,880
Speaker 1: traveling amongst the stars by now, after two thousand years

444
00:27:02,160 --> 00:27:05,040
Speaker 1: of having this knowledge. I don't see how anyone can

445
00:27:05,080 --> 00:27:06,760
Speaker 1: say that, though, How can you say that they'll never

446
00:27:06,920 --> 00:27:12,119
Speaker 1: find another mechanism after this that built on that? You won't.

447
00:27:12,320 --> 00:27:15,920
Speaker 1: What I'm saying is that knowledge wasn't built on, and

448
00:27:15,960 --> 00:27:18,480
Speaker 1: built on, and built on and built on uninterrupted. Oh

449
00:27:18,640 --> 00:27:20,680
Speaker 1: so they may have built on. They could have, but

450
00:27:20,960 --> 00:27:23,639
Speaker 1: for what from what we understand that they didn't. My

451
00:27:23,760 --> 00:27:25,960
Speaker 1: money's on finding something else that makes a little more

452
00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:27,800
Speaker 1: sense out of this. Well, they did find something else.

453
00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:30,960
Speaker 1: In three a man in Beirut was in a bizarre

454
00:27:31,280 --> 00:27:34,920
Speaker 1: and found some weird geared mechanism, and they figured out

455
00:27:34,960 --> 00:27:39,040
Speaker 1: that it was a sixth century ce Um calendar, like

456
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:43,080
Speaker 1: a geared calendar. It's the second oldest geared mechanism known

457
00:27:43,200 --> 00:27:48,240
Speaker 1: to humankind for now, after the anti Cathera mechanism. We

458
00:27:48,359 --> 00:27:56,399
Speaker 1: may find an entire civilization underwater. No, but you never know, alright,

459
00:27:56,680 --> 00:27:59,760
Speaker 1: you never know, You never know. I'm sure. Before they

460
00:28:00,040 --> 00:28:03,080
Speaker 1: on this, they were saying that they were never advanced

461
00:28:03,200 --> 00:28:05,600
Speaker 1: enough to make something like this. Yeah, the point is

462
00:28:05,680 --> 00:28:08,280
Speaker 1: that that they weren't advanced enough. The point is is

463
00:28:08,880 --> 00:28:12,040
Speaker 1: they didn't build on this advancement until we find out

464
00:28:12,080 --> 00:28:15,240
Speaker 1: that they have right. Well, whatever whatever came in and

465
00:28:15,359 --> 00:28:18,359
Speaker 1: broke that building on it and interrupted it, that was

466
00:28:18,760 --> 00:28:21,280
Speaker 1: That sucks because we could be far more advanced than

467
00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:24,440
Speaker 1: we are. It could have been a volcano that covered

468
00:28:24,480 --> 00:28:29,480
Speaker 1: a laboratory and ash that sunk underwater, and that's where

469
00:28:29,520 --> 00:28:32,200
Speaker 1: the underwater civilization has been. Yeah, you never know in

470
00:28:32,320 --> 00:28:35,120
Speaker 1: the lab Uh. If you want to know more about

471
00:28:35,119 --> 00:28:37,440
Speaker 1: the anti Kate Thera mechanism, you just try your hand

472
00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:40,520
Speaker 1: at spelling that. It's fun to say, isn't it. Yeah,

473
00:28:40,520 --> 00:28:43,080
Speaker 1: And it's easy to spell if he sounds um and

474
00:28:43,360 --> 00:28:45,640
Speaker 1: do that in the search bar at how stuff works.

475
00:28:45,640 --> 00:28:47,760
Speaker 1: And since they said search parts, time for listener, ma'am,

476
00:28:49,960 --> 00:28:53,400
Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this mea culpa. Hey, guys, absolutely love

477
00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:55,280
Speaker 1: stuff you should know and have listened to every episode

478
00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:58,520
Speaker 1: many more than once. You keep me company on many

479
00:28:58,600 --> 00:29:00,880
Speaker 1: a long commute. While I was listening to the Void

480
00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:04,480
Speaker 1: That Manuscript podcast, which was awesome, I noticed Chuck said

481
00:29:04,480 --> 00:29:08,440
Speaker 1: a possible explanation was mental illness. Josh said, yes, like

482
00:29:08,480 --> 00:29:11,560
Speaker 1: an autistic monk. I'm sure you know this, but autism

483
00:29:11,680 --> 00:29:14,920
Speaker 1: is a developmental disorder, not a mental illness. Behavioral therapist

484
00:29:14,960 --> 00:29:17,640
Speaker 1: who worked with autistic children. That makes me very sensitive

485
00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:20,440
Speaker 1: these matters. Thanks for your great work. My favorite ever

486
00:29:20,560 --> 00:29:23,800
Speaker 1: was Berlin Wall and then it's from Tricia Flowers, and

487
00:29:23,920 --> 00:29:26,280
Speaker 1: I think her subject line was I still love you guys.

488
00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:30,080
Speaker 1: Uh So, we've gotten quite a lot of feedback on this,

489
00:29:31,040 --> 00:29:33,920
Speaker 1: and I'll let you take it away. It was a mistake. Yeah,

490
00:29:33,960 --> 00:29:37,720
Speaker 1: it's totally misspoke. Yeah, I don't think that autism is

491
00:29:37,760 --> 00:29:40,280
Speaker 1: a form of mental illness. What I should have said

492
00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:44,440
Speaker 1: and meant to say was or an autistic monk or

493
00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:47,520
Speaker 1: a monk with autism, I think is the proper way

494
00:29:47,560 --> 00:29:51,360
Speaker 1: to put it. Yeah, so not like yeah, sometimes in

495
00:29:51,400 --> 00:29:56,240
Speaker 1: the heat of the moment, sure like or as but yes, no,

496
00:29:56,400 --> 00:29:58,560
Speaker 1: I don't think that those two are the same. Yeah,

497
00:29:58,640 --> 00:30:01,080
Speaker 1: So all apologies people. We we certainly don't think that,

498
00:30:01,360 --> 00:30:05,280
Speaker 1: and I always want to correct ourselves, so, especially when

499
00:30:05,360 --> 00:30:09,200
Speaker 1: something we'd say accidentally causes distress among people. There's no

500
00:30:09,520 --> 00:30:13,120
Speaker 1: and to let that stand. Agreed, yeah uh yeah, So

501
00:30:13,440 --> 00:30:18,160
Speaker 1: thank you Tricia. We appreciate you um writing in to

502
00:30:18,280 --> 00:30:21,000
Speaker 1: let us. We'll set us straight, call us out, whatever

503
00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:24,000
Speaker 1: you wanna call it in a very nice way. Yes uh.

504
00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:27,680
Speaker 1: And if you want to set us straight or say whatever,

505
00:30:27,960 --> 00:30:29,880
Speaker 1: you can get in touch with us via s y

506
00:30:30,080 --> 00:30:33,680
Speaker 1: s K podcast on Twitter. You can send us an email,

507
00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:36,080
Speaker 1: the Stuff Podcast, the House, Stuff Works dot com. You

508
00:30:36,160 --> 00:30:38,600
Speaker 1: can hang out with us on Facebook dot com, slash

509
00:30:38,600 --> 00:30:40,640
Speaker 1: stuff we should Know and has always hang out with

510
00:30:40,760 --> 00:30:42,760
Speaker 1: us at our home on the web, Stuff you Should

511
00:30:42,800 --> 00:30:50,120
Speaker 1: Know dot com For more on this and thousands of

512
00:30:50,160 --> 00:30:52,400
Speaker 1: other topics. Is it how Stuff Works dot com