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Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Markets Podcast. I'm Paul Sweeney, alongside

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Speaker 1: my co host Matt Miller. Every business day, we bring

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Speaker 1: you interviews from CEOs, market pros, and Bloomberg experts, along

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Speaker 1: with essential market moving news. Find the Bloomberg Markets Podcast

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Speaker 1: on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts, and

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Speaker 1: at Bloomberg dot com slash podcast. Now. UM, I'm looking

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Speaker 1: at gt V go right now. If you pull that

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Speaker 1: up on your Bloomberg terminal, you can see a number

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Speaker 1: of charts that we use on television. UM and if

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Speaker 1: you click on four go you'll see something I noticed earlier.

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Speaker 1: Danny Burger pointed it out to me. The VIX has

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Speaker 1: come back down to kind of the lows of the year,

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Speaker 1: whereas the move index has shot up. Volatility and fixed

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Speaker 1: income is um movies okay, exactly, And we've seen, you know,

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Speaker 1: the sell off which has been pretty amazing to me.

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Speaker 1: In the course of a month. We've gone from one

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Speaker 1: one sixty handle. Right now, the ten year yield is

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Speaker 1: trading at one sixty four. But we've seen the short

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Speaker 1: end of the curve um sell off even more sharply.

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Speaker 1: Hans Olsen is with us right now chief investment officer

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Speaker 1: at Fiduciary Trust Company, Hans. Great to have you on

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Speaker 1: the program, Thanks so much for joining us. You you

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Speaker 1: also have noticed this divergence. Um, you know, equities are

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Speaker 1: sailing right along back up above on the SMP five hundred,

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Speaker 1: whereas we've got this weird sell off and volatility in

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Speaker 1: fixed income. What's happening. Yeah, it seems as if there

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Speaker 1: are you know, different parts of the market are are

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Speaker 1: making bets that are hundred and eighty degrees uh, you know,

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Speaker 1: toward one another. You know, the equity market seems to

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Speaker 1: be telling us that everything is going to be fine.

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Speaker 1: Don't worry about inflation. It's going to be transitory. It's

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Speaker 1: all going to work out, don't worry about h you know,

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Speaker 1: the taper bond market not so much. If you look

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Speaker 1: across matt If you look across the entire landscape of

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Speaker 1: fixed income over the course of this month, it's down

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Speaker 1: if it's struggled, in fact, over the course of the

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Speaker 1: entire year. But it's especially noteworthy in October when the

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Speaker 1: equity market has caught another wind and the bond market

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Speaker 1: says hold on. This is worrisome and at the same

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Speaker 1: time the dollar is struggling as well. Well, Hans, I

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Speaker 1: kind of you know, I'm an equity person, equity analyst

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Speaker 1: by training, but I've always been told is follow the

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Speaker 1: bond market. Um, what is this divirgence telling you here?

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Speaker 1: Should we as equity investors be a little bit more

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Speaker 1: nervous than maybe we are? Yeah? I do. I mean

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Speaker 1: I think that what we're seeing as a reprieve in

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Speaker 1: the in the concerns that the equity market had last month,

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Speaker 1: given the earnings. I mean, as you said earlier, you know,

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Speaker 1: the earnings, the earnings flow over the last couple of

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Speaker 1: days have been fantastic. You know Netflix this morning, last night, Uh,

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Speaker 1: um by a gen Verizon? All good? Right, So it

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Speaker 1: sort of steals the nerves of investors. But um, you

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Speaker 1: know we're going to get We're going to get over

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Speaker 1: the next month. Right. More and more central bankers five

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Speaker 1: and them are going to talk about it today, Um,

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Speaker 1: their views on what a taper might look like. So

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Speaker 1: when the when, the the the the concept at the

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Speaker 1: taper starts to become a reality and we continue to

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Speaker 1: get more pushed through on prices. Um, you know, I

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Speaker 1: think there will be a reconsideration of where we stand.

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Speaker 1: On the part of equities, there's a lot of I

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Speaker 1: think price risk and equities right now. If if we

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Speaker 1: start to have a reset in interest rates. Um, we've

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Speaker 1: been concerned about. As you said, inflation is a transitory.

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Speaker 1: Everybody was talking about stag inflation last week at the

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Speaker 1: beginning this week, although it seemed many people had very

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Speaker 1: different definitions of stagflation. But all the concern has been

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Speaker 1: about chips and chips really at the heart of it.

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Speaker 1: I've heard less and less about COVID until you know

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Speaker 1: this resurgence that we're seeing in the UK and now

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Speaker 1: the US as well. Are are you worried about that

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Speaker 1: as an investor that we're we don't really have our

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Speaker 1: eye on the ball. He No, I think you know

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Speaker 1: from from the infections. I do think what we're seeing

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Speaker 1: is that it's it's becoming this um increasingly a pandemic

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Speaker 1: now of the unvaccinated right and and more and more

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Speaker 1: people are getting vaccinated, unfortunately not at a rate that

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Speaker 1: perhaps a lot of us would like. But I do

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Speaker 1: think on the inflation front, I think we have to

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Speaker 1: Matt look at sort of the sticky inflation versus non

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Speaker 1: sticky inflation. If we look at sort of sticky inflation. Um,

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Speaker 1: what we're finding is that we're back to levels that

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Speaker 1: we were prior to the pandemic. So you know, the

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Speaker 1: amount of FED cuts it into two buckets, sticky and

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Speaker 1: non sticky sticky stuff. It tends to be prices that

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Speaker 1: don't um um. They don't move around a lot, right,

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Speaker 1: so you know, rents um, auto registrations and the like.

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Speaker 1: If they go up, they don't tend to come back down. Um.

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Speaker 1: And if you look at it from that angle, and

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Speaker 1: we're running close to three pc on a year of

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Speaker 1: a year basis on that on the sticky inflation a

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Speaker 1: little less so on on core sticky UM, the names

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Speaker 1: get a bit a bit comical. But what the reality

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Speaker 1: is is that I think we are resetting and I'm

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Speaker 1: not sure that we're pricing that even as we work

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Speaker 1: through this next phase of the pandemic. And eventually, you know,

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Speaker 1: this becomes more like a seasonal flu becaus it becomes

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Speaker 1: endemic rather than what it has been. Hans, we're getting

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Speaker 1: into the teeth of earnings, UH this week, what do

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Speaker 1: you really need to hear from Corporate America as you

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Speaker 1: read these comments and listen to these conference calls what

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Speaker 1: I need to hear for the to make me feel

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Speaker 1: better about things. Well, I don't think that UM any

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Speaker 1: sense that they can They can deal uh with the

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Speaker 1: input costs rising the way they are, either either by

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Speaker 1: being able to maintain their margins, UH maybe perhaps even

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Speaker 1: price rises in order to maintain those margins. Those would

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Speaker 1: be the very good things, and that's what I would

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Speaker 1: be looking for. I mean, without a doubt. I mean,

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Speaker 1: the the the earnings expectations for this quarter, for this year,

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Speaker 1: UM remain you know, very good on very solid revenue growth,

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Speaker 1: and even though it's going to slow next year, it's

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Speaker 1: still pretty solid. So I think there's reason to to

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Speaker 1: stick with equities at this point. But we're going to

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Speaker 1: have to buckle up at some point here when when

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Speaker 1: we start to get this policy pivot, which which eventually

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Speaker 1: is going to happen. All right, Hans, great to get

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Speaker 1: some time with you. Really appreciate your insight today. Hans

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Speaker 1: Olsen is chief investment officer at Fiduciary Trust Company out

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Speaker 1: of Boston. This is Bloomberg JT with our Bloomberg Business Flash,

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Speaker 1: and he mentioned the VIX. We were just talking about

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Speaker 1: this point. But I can't believe how low it is,

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Speaker 1: how sanguine investors are, or at least appear to be

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Speaker 1: by that measure. Let's bringing Kara Murphy, she's chief investment

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Speaker 1: officer at Castra Investment Management. And what does it mean

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Speaker 1: to you, Kara that we see you know, bond selling

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Speaker 1: off UM and the VIX at least signaling that there's

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Speaker 1: very little concern in the equity markets. Yeah, and quite

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Speaker 1: a difference from just a couple of weeks ago, right

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Speaker 1: where there was a lot of handwringing and consternation. And

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Speaker 1: I think what you're seeing is this push pull um

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Speaker 1: as we shift from a COVID economy to a post

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Speaker 1: COVID economy. So I think we're still you know, the

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Speaker 1: market is very much testing how equips, companies and the

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Speaker 1: rest of the economy are to be able to manage

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Speaker 1: this type of transition where we have a less aggressive FED,

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Speaker 1: less supportive fiscal policy, and more normal levels of economic growth.

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Speaker 1: And you know that there are there is still handwringing

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Speaker 1: about things like stagflation. Right we're seeing Google searches for

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Speaker 1: the term skyrocket, so there are definitely concerns out there,

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Speaker 1: but for now, risk assets seemed to be brushing off

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Speaker 1: those concerns alright, Cat in the context of ricks risk

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Speaker 1: assets in the equity markets, what are the sectors that

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Speaker 1: you are looking at right now? Again, looks like the

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Speaker 1: markets getting another tailwind here. Where are you spending your time? So,

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Speaker 1: one one of the big concerns in equity markets is valuations.

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Speaker 1: You have a lot of great things going for risk

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Speaker 1: assets UM in terms of, you know, even though you

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Speaker 1: have a descellering, decelerating FED support, you still do have

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Speaker 1: a very committed, a combinative monetary and fiscal policy. You

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Speaker 1: have some of the best free cash flow generation ever,

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Speaker 1: really strong balance sheets. But then when you get to valuation,

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Speaker 1: that's the one kind of chink in the armor of

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Speaker 1: equities right here. So I think what that's telling us

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Speaker 1: is that forward returns are going to be more muted

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Speaker 1: than what we've seen in the recent past. And because

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Speaker 1: of that, we really favor areas that have that you know,

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Speaker 1: profile of the really strong cash flow generation UM. Areas

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Speaker 1: where you can find more quality as opposed to UM

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Speaker 1: either you know, UH, deep value plays where you're looking

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Speaker 1: for um A rebound, or areas where you might be

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Speaker 1: relying on extraordinary levels of continued growth we would favor

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Speaker 1: those companies that have high quality. What about UM I

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Speaker 1: think about the financials a lot, and how important it

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Speaker 1: is that they get the curve, that they had the

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Speaker 1: curve in the right place their rates higher. Are you

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Speaker 1: betting that rates are going to rise or is it

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Speaker 1: not worth it to place that bet right now? So

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Speaker 1: financials definitely need a certain level of interest rate in

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Speaker 1: order to be able to earn money, but then they

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Speaker 1: also need a spread, and so we've had a bit

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Speaker 1: of a flattening of the curve which makes it sometimes

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Speaker 1: more more difficult for a lot of financials to be

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Speaker 1: able to earn money. So I think there there is

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Speaker 1: some continuing to pick up in economic activity and demand

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Speaker 1: for loans, which is certainly supportive, but they're probably not

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Speaker 1: going to have that really steep curve to be able

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Speaker 1: to ride. Karen, I'm gonna beat my colleague Matt to

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Speaker 1: the question here crypto. We've got bitcoin all time higher

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Speaker 1: over six per coin. How do you guys think about

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Speaker 1: the crypto space? So, you know, as a practitioner who's

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Speaker 1: focused on building portfolios for clients, it's very hard to

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Speaker 1: look at crypto and find a strong investment case, only

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Speaker 1: because you know, we don't have near the history, we

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Speaker 1: don't have the statistics, we don't have the sort of

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Speaker 1: infrastructure around crypto that we do with more traditional asset classes. Now,

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Speaker 1: that doesn't mean that it won't go up and that

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Speaker 1: it won't you be very a meaningful change and how

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Speaker 1: the monetary system works. Um. So you know, I'm just

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Speaker 1: viewing it very much as a speculative bet, and I

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Speaker 1: caution clients all the time to make sure that if

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Speaker 1: you want to be part of that story, make sure

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Speaker 1: it's a very small part of your overall allocation and

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Speaker 1: you're not bet in the farm on it. I mean

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Speaker 1: I've been I've been attracted to bitcoin in the community

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Speaker 1: for over a decade now, but even to me, it's

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Speaker 1: nuts to see this this process. It is heartburn inducing. Yes,

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Speaker 1: it definitely keeps me awake at night. Um not owning

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Speaker 1: more of it. I want to just quickly ask about infrastructure.

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Speaker 1: We're getting closer and closer to a bill. How close

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Speaker 1: our markets paying really close attention to what's going on

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Speaker 1: in Washington or do they not expect much progress? I

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Speaker 1: think the infrastructure bill is going to be a bit

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Speaker 1: of a whiff, at least when it comes to the market.

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Speaker 1: It's not that it's not important for you know, those

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Speaker 1: areas where they're making the investment. But what we've seen

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Speaker 1: in the past when this has kind of come to

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Speaker 1: a head, the market has really looked through it. And

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Speaker 1: it's really because even though the numbers associated with the

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Speaker 1: infrastructure bill seem enormous and nominal terms, when you look

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Speaker 1: at it overall in terms of its relationship to like

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Speaker 1: g d P or anything like that, it's still fairly small.

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Speaker 1: Now it can have an impact on some individual companies

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Speaker 1: who might be able to, you know, have plays associate

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Speaker 1: with that type of spending for the market overall, though,

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Speaker 1: I don't think it's going to be a big driver. Karen,

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Speaker 1: thank you so much for joining us. We really appreciate

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Speaker 1: you taking the time and sharing your thoughts today. Kara Murphy,

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Speaker 1: chief investment officer for or Kestra Investment Management. Now I

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Speaker 1: want to get over to r J. Gallois. Paul said

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Speaker 1: he's joining US senior portfolio manager, head of the Municipal

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Speaker 1: Bond Group at Federated Hermes. They have um about six

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Speaker 1: hundred and forty six billion dollars of assets under management,

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Speaker 1: so no big deal. R J UM I was. I

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Speaker 1: had lunch today with a big infrastructure guy normally in

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Speaker 1: the US, and you told me it's going to be

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Speaker 1: decided this week. What we get from Congress. What are

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Speaker 1: your expectations. Well, we're hopeful that despite the razor thin

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Speaker 1: margins that the Democrats possess and in the House and

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Speaker 1: certainly in the Senate, that that they can come up

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Speaker 1: with something to have about bipartisan agreement that's waiting to

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Speaker 1: be signed. Uh. And and now sort of a bargaining

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Speaker 1: chip for the Old Back Better Agenda, you know, which

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Speaker 1: is overwhelmingly social spending oriented. Uh. It was discouraging to

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Speaker 1: see how complicated it got within the Democratic Party. But

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Speaker 1: all the coverage that you're seeing now is is signed

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Speaker 1: promptimism that we'll get infrastructure spending and we'll get some

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Speaker 1: fiscal spending as well. It won't be anything like the

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Speaker 1: Cares actor or the American Rescue Plan. It's not COVID oriented.

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Speaker 1: It's longer term, so they boon to the economy from

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Speaker 1: that will be spread out over ten years. But nevertheless

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Speaker 1: supportive of growth, obviously concerned about taxes, are going to

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Speaker 1: raise taxes, um. The question is how much on corporate

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Speaker 1: corporations and individuals. So we'll see. Certainly meetings have reflected

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Speaker 1: some expectation of tax increases for a while, and I

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Speaker 1: think we're going to get some. The question is the degree,

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Speaker 1: So you know our j Should I be surprised at

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Speaker 1: all when I look at the tenure? Yes, it's up

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Speaker 1: a little bit from where we had been worked at

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Speaker 1: one point six. But boy, with all the talk of

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Speaker 1: tapering and you know, starting presumably next month, and then

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Speaker 1: interest rates rising beginning mid next year, should I be

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Speaker 1: surprised that rates aren't even higher? Well, we've been cautiously

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Speaker 1: short duration in our taxable and tax exempt fixed income

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Speaker 1: UM all year. And if you step back and look

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Speaker 1: on the calendar year the ten your treasury is up

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Speaker 1: about seventy two basis points. We have that period you

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Speaker 1: call it the summer months generally where the delta variants

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Speaker 1: uh really took the narrative away from the idea of

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Speaker 1: economic recovery. Um, it seems like we're turning the page

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Speaker 1: on the delta variant cautiously, certainly in some of them

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Speaker 1: more heavily afflicted regions of the country, UM, in the South,

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Speaker 1: for example. Uh. So the hope is that that that's

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Speaker 1: narrative of economic recovery. COVID has evolved, but it's nowhere

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Speaker 1: near the affliction that it once was from an economic

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Speaker 1: standpoint or a public health standpoint. UM. And that the

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Speaker 1: FED can began a very slow says towards normalizing, starting

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Speaker 1: first with tapering. That's still there, UM. And I think

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Speaker 1: the bond market UM took a bit of a divergence

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Speaker 1: there for a while, and now we're back on that

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Speaker 1: same agenda. In my mind, if you see the tenure

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Speaker 1: Treasury finished this calendar year around one seventy, that's where

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Speaker 1: we've been for many months. UM. If you talk to

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Speaker 1: me back in March, I think we said we'll probably

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Speaker 1: end up around two. Along the way, we took another

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Speaker 1: route when sharply lower at one twelve at one point

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Speaker 1: intra day back in August, I think it was. But

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Speaker 1: the challenges of them are not the challenges now in

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Speaker 1: terms of uh, you know, the longer term fed UM

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Speaker 1: moves and things like the terminal rate, what are your

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Speaker 1: what are your forecasts? You took the words out of

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Speaker 1: my mouth. I was gonna say, we probably should be

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Speaker 1: talking about what level of nominal interest rates can the

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Speaker 1: the Fed actually reach. UM. That's a huge it across

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Speaker 1: that you occurve obviously, UM, if you imagine term premiums

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Speaker 1: over time might eventually revert back to fairly low levels,

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Speaker 1: low positive levels, which is more normal when central banks

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Speaker 1: aren't expanding their balance sheets. That terminal FED funds rate

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Speaker 1: then holds huge sway over setting bond prices as we

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Speaker 1: look out in the medium term, certainly in the long term,

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Speaker 1: and the FED still has it a two and a half.

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Speaker 1: I think that the inflation dynamic UM has been has

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Speaker 1: been troublesome, certainly according to the Fed's view. UM, we

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Speaker 1: felt that the FED was too optimistic on the transitory approach,

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Speaker 1: that in fact inflation was was boiling and was going

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Speaker 1: to be more challenging. So at this point I wouldn't

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Speaker 1: be surprised if the Fed gets forced into tightening a

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Speaker 1: little bit more than is in the market right now.

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Speaker 1: The question is does that just short of shift forward

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Speaker 1: monetary restraint in to say three or two UM, and

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Speaker 1: in doing so, your terminal rate doesn't change. Really that

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Speaker 1: the FED probably has it roughly right. You know, they

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Speaker 1: have a lot of economists working on this, But I

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Speaker 1: would think that the terminal rate is going to be

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Speaker 1: somewhere in the low two handles, probably a little south

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Speaker 1: of where the FED really is. UM. I don't believe

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Speaker 1: the world fundamentally is going to grow stronger because of

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Speaker 1: everything that's gone on in the last two years. UM.

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Speaker 1: We still have an aging workforce, especially in the developed countries.

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Speaker 1: Technologies a boon and productivity could be helpful. That could

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Speaker 1: push terminal rates up a little bit, But I don't

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Speaker 1: think it's migrated sharply one way or the other because

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Speaker 1: of COVID or any of the changes that this challenge

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Speaker 1: has presented to us. Hey, r J, thank you so

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Speaker 1: much for joining us. We always appreciate getting your perspective.

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Speaker 1: R J. Gallo, Senior Portfolio Managery is also ahead of

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Speaker 1: the indmissible bond group that federated Hermes based in steel Town, US,

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Speaker 1: A Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania boy. When you go out there as

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Speaker 1: a sell side, animals that is the number one meaning

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Speaker 1: to get They've got sixty billion dollars in assets under management.

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Speaker 1: Looking at the shares of Tesla, that's how you pronounce it, Matt, Tesla.

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Speaker 1: That's how Ela Musk pronounces it. UM. Looking at the stock,

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Speaker 1: it's kind of flat today, up about twenty two year

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Speaker 1: today it's a little bit better than the SMP got

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Speaker 1: a market cap of eight hundred and sixties six billion dollars.

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Speaker 1: The report numbers air for the clothes Today, let's get

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Speaker 1: a preview with Day Equity Markets reporter for Bloomberg News

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Speaker 1: joining us on the phone. Esha, you know what are

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Speaker 1: you looking at here? Is it's still units and unit profitability?

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Speaker 1: What are you gonna be looking for? Him? Thanks for

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Speaker 1: having me? Yeah, some. I think the top things to

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Speaker 1: look out for Tesla ownings today is margins, how profitable

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Speaker 1: they were selling cars? Any update and how can what

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Speaker 1: kind of capacity they are expecting to have on their

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Speaker 1: um Austin and Berlin plants that are still being um

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Speaker 1: you know, being developed, anything any kind of detail they

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Speaker 1: can tell us about the supply chain troubles that the

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Speaker 1: entire automotive industry facing and essentially how Tesla is being

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Speaker 1: able to navigate those troubles so much better than the

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Speaker 1: traditional car makers of the world, like the g MS

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Speaker 1: and at the four Is that um you only I

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Speaker 1: mean there must be something else that plays into the

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Speaker 1: stock price. I'm looking at my comp screen right now.

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Speaker 1: I love to run the comp function um, just because

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Speaker 1: it gives me a steady five year period to look

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Speaker 1: at everything. Put Tesla up against Apple, Netflix, Microsoft, Google, Facebook.

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Speaker 1: I mean, Tesla destroys all of those other companies in

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Speaker 1: terms of its five year price growth. Why what what

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Speaker 1: is it? That's a great question. It's a really dollar question,

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Speaker 1: isn't it. Um. So what investors are really betting on

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Speaker 1: Testra here is that this you know, this automotive industry

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Speaker 1: that is going undergoing a transformation at this point, and

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Speaker 1: which is like a really at the nacent stage of

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Speaker 1: you know, all gus driven cars will eventually be being replaced, right,

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Speaker 1: electric cards, and people betting on those crazy valuations are

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Speaker 1: really hoping that Tesla will be at the forefront of

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Speaker 1: that huge market, right, and that they think actually justifies

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Speaker 1: these valuations more than you know, you know, we have

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Speaker 1: seen a really bullish different vestor Kathy would of course

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Speaker 1: see that, you know, three thousand dollars for share for Tesla.

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Speaker 1: It's just for basics, it can actually become more than that.

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Speaker 1: So you know, that is essentially what we're looking at here.

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Speaker 1: Tesla kind of really leading and trillblazing of course this

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Speaker 1: transformation and also becoming the market leader in the future

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Speaker 1: in electric cards. What is the company saying these days

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Speaker 1: and what are you're hearing from the marketplace about the

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Speaker 1: competitive landscape Because obviously they were essentially a monopoly in

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Speaker 1: this EV business, but now we've seen both the big

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Speaker 1: automakers VW, GM, Ford and all the others really make

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Speaker 1: some big, big commitments to their EV future. How do

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Speaker 1: people think about the competitive landscape? Uh, yeah, that's a

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Speaker 1: great question. So, um, you know, we will really see

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Speaker 1: the competitive cars kind of rollout and hit the market

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Speaker 1: starting next year. That's when they're the big daves will

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Speaker 1: actually start, um you know, as as anything, as with

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Speaker 1: anything in Tessler, this this is also a like a

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Speaker 1: battleground for bulls and there they're to kind of du

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Speaker 1: get out. Some say that Tesla is going to lose

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Speaker 1: its edge as you know, especially as like more um

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Speaker 1: affordably priced evies hit the market, because Tusla has promised

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Speaker 1: us a twenty five dollar evy, but we haven't seen

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Speaker 1: that yet. We haven't heard a lot about those plants

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Speaker 1: and where that is at this point. So as more

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Speaker 1: affordable evies come out and more, um you know, we

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Speaker 1: see the charging station networks becoming more eubiquatives almost as

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Speaker 1: like gas stations. That's when the adoption will pick up,

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Speaker 1: and Tesla will definitely see some of its market share

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Speaker 1: eroding there itself. Of course, hasn't spoken a lot about

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Speaker 1: the competitive landscape. We haven't set much much headed to

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Speaker 1: being made by any of the startups yet in that

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Speaker 1: in that sense that's list has a headway. But you know,

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Speaker 1: we will really see what the tradition as the legacy

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Speaker 1: that the auto giants actually can't do with this satting

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Speaker 1: next year. Alright, thanks so much for joining us. It's

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Speaker 1: something that obviously we're all going to be following very closely.

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Speaker 1: Is gonna be on this call, mat because the Adam

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Speaker 1: Jonas note that he could be the next or the

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Speaker 1: first trillionaire, I thought, I laughed at first, thinking it

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Speaker 1: was ridiculous, but um, he's actually not that far off already, right,

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Speaker 1: he's already got a quarter of a trillion dollars. And

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Speaker 1: Jonas point was that um SpaceX could drive him too

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Speaker 1: levels that no one has ever reached before. Escha Day

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Speaker 1: is an equity market reporter for us here at Bloomberg News,

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Speaker 1: joining us to preview the Tesla earnings which come out

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Speaker 1: today after the bell um the stock really has been

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Speaker 1: the best performer of the past five years of any

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Speaker 1: of the major tech companies. Thanks for listening to the

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Speaker 1: Bloomberg Markets podcast. You can subscribe and listen to interviews

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Speaker 1: of Apple Podcasts, or whatever podcast platform you prefer. I'm

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Speaker 1: Matt Miller. I'm on Twitter at Matt Miller three, pet

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Speaker 1: On Ball Sweeney, I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. Before

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Speaker 1: the podcast, you can always catch us worldwide at Bloomberg Radio.