1 00:00:02,240 --> 00:00:06,800 Speaker 1: This is Master's in Business with Barry Ridholts on Bloomberg Radio. 2 00:00:09,520 --> 00:00:12,040 Speaker 1: This week on the podcast, we have a return guest, 3 00:00:12,200 --> 00:00:15,440 Speaker 1: and and what a delight Lawrence Juber one of the 4 00:00:15,480 --> 00:00:22,400 Speaker 1: world's greatest acoustic guitarists, highly regarded by his peers. Everybody 5 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:26,360 Speaker 1: who I know who is a professional or amateur musician 6 00:00:26,760 --> 00:00:35,240 Speaker 1: or guitarist is in awe of this guy's technical skills, prowess, musicology, musicality. 7 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:39,600 Speaker 1: He is just a quadruple threat. The work he does 8 00:00:39,960 --> 00:00:43,800 Speaker 1: is really quite fascinating. I found him because I'm such 9 00:00:43,840 --> 00:00:48,040 Speaker 1: a huge Beatles fan, and his cover versions of Paul 10 00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:54,520 Speaker 1: McCartney's Wings and three albums of Beatles songs, it's just 11 00:00:54,960 --> 00:00:59,080 Speaker 1: astonishing and delightful and there's really nothing else, nothing else 12 00:00:59,160 --> 00:01:02,480 Speaker 1: like it. My my recording engineer Medina, was just blown 13 00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:07,280 Speaker 1: away by the version he did of Uh, she Loves You. 14 00:01:07,560 --> 00:01:10,040 Speaker 1: But any of the songs he he does are just 15 00:01:10,120 --> 00:01:15,080 Speaker 1: so unique to him and yet so obviously a Beatles song. 16 00:01:15,120 --> 00:01:18,840 Speaker 1: They're just just amazing. And what's really fascinating is the 17 00:01:18,959 --> 00:01:23,080 Speaker 1: depth of his musical knowledge and his understanding of the 18 00:01:23,240 --> 00:01:27,080 Speaker 1: history of both the guitar as an instrument and the 19 00:01:27,200 --> 00:01:31,160 Speaker 1: history of music and how it's developed. It's it's really fascinating. 20 00:01:31,319 --> 00:01:34,000 Speaker 1: I love his work. I find him fascinating. I was 21 00:01:34,040 --> 00:01:36,360 Speaker 1: thrilled to be able to sit here and and listen 22 00:01:36,400 --> 00:01:39,400 Speaker 1: to him. Um. I recorded two of his songs and 23 00:01:39,440 --> 00:01:42,280 Speaker 1: I put them up on YouTube. One of the Beatles. 24 00:01:42,280 --> 00:01:46,199 Speaker 1: The other is Little Wing, which is just insane version 25 00:01:46,240 --> 00:01:49,760 Speaker 1: of that song. So, with no further ado, here is 26 00:01:49,800 --> 00:01:58,240 Speaker 1: my conversation with Lawrence Duber, my extra special guest today, 27 00:01:58,760 --> 00:02:01,400 Speaker 1: is one of my very every musicians in the world. 28 00:02:01,960 --> 00:02:05,040 Speaker 1: His name is Lawrence Juber. He was born and raised 29 00:02:05,080 --> 00:02:10,440 Speaker 1: in London, uh Immediately upon graduation from university, began working 30 00:02:10,480 --> 00:02:13,360 Speaker 1: as a session guitarist with a little known producer named 31 00:02:13,840 --> 00:02:18,120 Speaker 1: George Martin. He was a studio musician on thousands of 32 00:02:18,160 --> 00:02:22,560 Speaker 1: sessions before he was invited by Sir Paul McCartney's band 33 00:02:22,560 --> 00:02:26,240 Speaker 1: Wings for their ninety eight tour. That's really what brought 34 00:02:26,320 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 1: him to wider spread public notice. He has recorded twenty 35 00:02:30,760 --> 00:02:34,519 Speaker 1: five solo albums, many of which have received critical acclaim. 36 00:02:34,600 --> 00:02:38,800 Speaker 1: He has won two Grammys. He was named top acoustic 37 00:02:38,840 --> 00:02:43,040 Speaker 1: guitar player of all time by Acoustic Guitar Magazine and 38 00:02:43,120 --> 00:02:46,919 Speaker 1: has been called a master of the acoustic guitar by 39 00:02:46,960 --> 00:02:51,560 Speaker 1: no less than the Who's Peter Townsend, Lawrence Juber. Welcome 40 00:02:51,560 --> 00:02:55,399 Speaker 1: back to Bloomberg. Happy to be here. So we could 41 00:02:55,440 --> 00:03:00,560 Speaker 1: do the whole conversation with you, just answering music without 42 00:03:01,440 --> 00:03:04,880 Speaker 1: so before we get into the specifics, I have to 43 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 1: give you kudos. The last time you were here and 44 00:03:08,639 --> 00:03:12,440 Speaker 1: people I did not mention that you're also a musicologist. 45 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:17,519 Speaker 1: We had a long conversation about what was the copyright 46 00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:22,840 Speaker 1: suit against led Zeppelin to Heaven, and you very specifically said, 47 00:03:23,360 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: I don't see how both of them, meaning Zeppelin and 48 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:33,840 Speaker 1: the plaintiff didn't steal the music from this, this classical 49 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:37,320 Speaker 1: piece of work from the fifteen hundreds or sixteen hundred. 50 00:03:38,240 --> 00:03:40,560 Speaker 1: And it turned out the court more or less agreed 51 00:03:40,640 --> 00:03:42,760 Speaker 1: with you. It was basically it was a public domain 52 00:03:44,560 --> 00:03:47,040 Speaker 1: and you can't steal. But you've got to look at 53 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:51,000 Speaker 1: the context in terms of led Zeppelin, that they were 54 00:03:51,080 --> 00:03:57,480 Speaker 1: in the habit of purloining existing material. Oh really, that 55 00:03:57,560 --> 00:04:00,760 Speaker 1: was I mean, one can one can look at that, 56 00:04:00,760 --> 00:04:04,160 Speaker 1: but it's not uncommon when you say proloining. There's a 57 00:04:04,200 --> 00:04:09,640 Speaker 1: difference between inspired by and stolen front and like having 58 00:04:09,680 --> 00:04:12,800 Speaker 1: to add other composers to the credits down the line 59 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:15,240 Speaker 1: when they got caught out. We just saw that happened 60 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:18,240 Speaker 1: recently with with blurred Lines, and we saw that not 61 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:22,120 Speaker 1: too long ago with another big song, Birdlines. Bloodlines is 62 00:04:22,120 --> 00:04:24,560 Speaker 1: a weird one. Yeah, I was surprised by that. It 63 00:04:24,600 --> 00:04:27,240 Speaker 1: was almost like the drum line was well, yeah, the 64 00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:29,520 Speaker 1: thing that the weird thing about it was the judge 65 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:33,120 Speaker 1: didn't allow the record to be played, and yet it 66 00:04:33,240 --> 00:04:36,240 Speaker 1: was the groove on the record that was actually what 67 00:04:36,360 --> 00:04:39,440 Speaker 1: had been taken. And you know, if that was the case, 68 00:04:39,520 --> 00:04:43,000 Speaker 1: if groove was the issue, you know, Bo Diddley would 69 00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:48,880 Speaker 1: have been a multimillionaire on the basis of everybody from him, 70 00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:52,640 Speaker 1: whereas like Chuck Berry actually did get you know, did 71 00:04:53,400 --> 00:04:58,839 Speaker 1: get compensated for Beach Boys, you know, surfing USA taking, 72 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:01,360 Speaker 1: you know, and John and and got sued, you know 73 00:05:01,480 --> 00:05:04,400 Speaker 1: because here comes on the flat top, you know, and um, 74 00:05:04,800 --> 00:05:08,000 Speaker 1: it's from you Can't Catch Me. It's did he lose? Yeah, 75 00:05:08,040 --> 00:05:11,120 Speaker 1: he loves that. And obviously George Harrison, well, but George 76 00:05:11,120 --> 00:05:15,400 Speaker 1: Harrison was really weird because Alan Klein owned the publishing 77 00:05:15,440 --> 00:05:18,880 Speaker 1: catalog for both that for both songs, so he was 78 00:05:18,920 --> 00:05:24,680 Speaker 1: basically himself yeah, that can that happens my my my 79 00:05:24,760 --> 00:05:28,560 Speaker 1: brother in law, Ross Handles, has handled the Beach Boys 80 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:32,480 Speaker 1: record company for a while and there was one particular lawsuit, 81 00:05:32,520 --> 00:05:34,599 Speaker 1: you know, there's all this intrigue within the Beach Boys, 82 00:05:34,960 --> 00:05:38,200 Speaker 1: you know where Al al Jardine was on both sides 83 00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:41,599 Speaker 1: of a lawsuit. He was basically suing himself and the 84 00:05:41,680 --> 00:05:44,760 Speaker 1: judge pointed that out. So the problem with that is 85 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:46,920 Speaker 1: that your legal costs or twice as much, but you're 86 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:50,400 Speaker 1: guaranteed to win. That's right. So you lose, so you 87 00:05:50,440 --> 00:05:53,039 Speaker 1: can lose, but you can also win. So so is 88 00:05:53,080 --> 00:05:56,400 Speaker 1: this an ongoing problem with copyright issues and music? You 89 00:05:56,440 --> 00:06:00,200 Speaker 1: would think that everything is always based loosely on what 90 00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:02,640 Speaker 1: came before. Well, there is that, I mean, there are 91 00:06:02,760 --> 00:06:06,960 Speaker 1: there are elements that the substance of music is in 92 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:09,560 Speaker 1: the public domain. I mean very simply. You know, you 93 00:06:09,640 --> 00:06:13,400 Speaker 1: take a string is a guitar straight and you touch 94 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:17,720 Speaker 1: it halfway. You have an octave, You touch it in thirds, 95 00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:23,159 Speaker 1: you have a fifth, fourth, five, and then you you 96 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:25,160 Speaker 1: keep going up there and you get what's called the 97 00:06:25,200 --> 00:06:30,920 Speaker 1: harmonic series. And out of that harmonic series you build chords, 98 00:06:31,279 --> 00:06:36,920 Speaker 1: you build melodies. The building blocks are pretty fundamental and 99 00:06:37,080 --> 00:06:39,640 Speaker 1: how you arrange those building blocks and do it in 100 00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:43,680 Speaker 1: a way to avoid stepping on somebody else's copyright is 101 00:06:43,720 --> 00:06:47,080 Speaker 1: the challenge. And in in the songwriting world, the the 102 00:06:47,080 --> 00:06:51,280 Speaker 1: the the adage is right a hit, get it rid 103 00:06:52,320 --> 00:06:57,560 Speaker 1: because the well you saw the Tom Petty song sounded 104 00:06:57,760 --> 00:06:59,960 Speaker 1: so much so, and I bet you that he didn't 105 00:07:00,080 --> 00:07:05,520 Speaker 1: actually copy here. It was just simply that that's kind 106 00:07:05,560 --> 00:07:07,920 Speaker 1: of a progression that you and I mean that there 107 00:07:07,920 --> 00:07:10,480 Speaker 1: were some Australian guys that put together a YouTube video 108 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:14,040 Speaker 1: where they took dozens of songs, all of which were 109 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:16,360 Speaker 1: number one records, and all had exactly the same court 110 00:07:16,400 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 1: sequence because there's no copyright on the court sequence copyright 111 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:24,080 Speaker 1: strictly speaking copyrights on melody and lyrics, so in the 112 00:07:24,080 --> 00:07:27,160 Speaker 1: case of blurred lines, they were going outside of the 113 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:29,200 Speaker 1: bounds of that. And what you end up with is 114 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:36,440 Speaker 1: is just aggressive proactive musicologists finding lawyers and lawyers that 115 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:39,120 Speaker 1: they team up with that that can really muddy the 116 00:07:39,160 --> 00:07:42,240 Speaker 1: waters with all of it. What was the talking pacabell 117 00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:45,280 Speaker 1: Cannons and geek that everybody said that that a lot 118 00:07:45,320 --> 00:07:51,400 Speaker 1: of songs have loosely been based on It's a similar sequence. 119 00:07:51,440 --> 00:07:58,720 Speaker 1: I mean that's the pacabell But for example, you know, 120 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:12,200 Speaker 1: these kind of sequences is not uncommon, so you get 121 00:08:12,240 --> 00:08:23,280 Speaker 1: that that sequence. So many songs, you know, like Journey, 122 00:08:23,440 --> 00:08:26,160 Speaker 1: you know, Don't Stop Believing is based on that. But 123 00:08:26,200 --> 00:08:30,120 Speaker 1: it's not a copyright herble thing. That substance of it 124 00:08:29,800 --> 00:08:32,640 Speaker 1: is just is truly in the public domain. It's how 125 00:08:32,720 --> 00:08:35,439 Speaker 1: you articulate it. It's what lyrics you put to it, 126 00:08:35,840 --> 00:08:39,400 Speaker 1: what you do melodically, and how much of a melody 127 00:08:40,280 --> 00:08:43,400 Speaker 1: is the same as something else. My special guest today 128 00:08:43,520 --> 00:08:47,400 Speaker 1: is Lawrence Duber. He played with Sir Paul McCartney and 129 00:08:47,400 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: Wings on tour in the late seventies and recorded too, 130 00:08:51,040 --> 00:08:53,640 Speaker 1: And what did you record with them? I'm back to 131 00:08:53,679 --> 00:08:56,680 Speaker 1: the Egg album. What's the big song from that? The 132 00:08:56,760 --> 00:08:59,600 Speaker 1: single that was contemporaneous with that was coming up, It 133 00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:03,480 Speaker 1: was good Night Tonight and then it was getting closer 134 00:09:03,480 --> 00:09:07,280 Speaker 1: and arrow through me that that period the late like 135 00:09:07,400 --> 00:09:09,600 Speaker 1: the Indian Summer of Wings as they call it. But 136 00:09:09,640 --> 00:09:12,520 Speaker 1: then after that coming because the last Wings number one 137 00:09:12,559 --> 00:09:17,440 Speaker 1: was coming up, which was live and that you're playing 138 00:09:17,480 --> 00:09:19,800 Speaker 1: with George Martin, You're doing a lot of session work. 139 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:23,920 Speaker 1: What's it like when the call comes from McCartney, Hey, 140 00:09:23,960 --> 00:09:27,000 Speaker 1: I need a guitarist for the next tour. It didn't 141 00:09:27,280 --> 00:09:29,840 Speaker 1: quite come that way. I had been playing on a 142 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:32,640 Speaker 1: TV show with David Essex, was big English pop star 143 00:09:32,720 --> 00:09:34,160 Speaker 1: at the time, and each week they would have a 144 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:37,520 Speaker 1: different musical guest. So one week was Twiggy, which was 145 00:09:37,559 --> 00:09:39,960 Speaker 1: kind of fun. They did send in the clowns together 146 00:09:40,520 --> 00:09:43,440 Speaker 1: Um Ronnie Specter the next week. Then the next week 147 00:09:43,480 --> 00:09:46,199 Speaker 1: was Denny Lane, and Denny was one of the founding 148 00:09:46,200 --> 00:09:51,000 Speaker 1: member of Wings with Paul and Linda and Um had 149 00:09:51,640 --> 00:09:54,079 Speaker 1: originally been the lead singer with the Moody Blues and 150 00:09:54,440 --> 00:09:56,679 Speaker 1: We did Go Now, which was a big Moody Blues hit. 151 00:09:57,440 --> 00:10:01,400 Speaker 1: UM and Denny liked my playing and we kind of bonded. 152 00:10:01,840 --> 00:10:04,319 Speaker 1: And then a couple of months after I ran into 153 00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:08,200 Speaker 1: him at a London studio where Paul and Linda were 154 00:10:08,240 --> 00:10:11,800 Speaker 1: working with him, and then he introduced me, but there 155 00:10:11,880 --> 00:10:14,760 Speaker 1: was still I mean, this was kind of September October 156 00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:17,360 Speaker 1: of seventy seven. I got the call in April of 157 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:20,240 Speaker 1: seventy eight, so it wasn't like an overnight thing, and 158 00:10:20,280 --> 00:10:23,440 Speaker 1: I was very entrenched as a studio musician. I had 159 00:10:23,480 --> 00:10:26,840 Speaker 1: that would been my ambition from the time I was thirteen. Now, 160 00:10:26,840 --> 00:10:29,280 Speaker 1: of course, if I knew then what I know now, 161 00:10:29,920 --> 00:10:33,080 Speaker 1: I would have oriented myself to be being a songwriters 162 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:36,200 Speaker 1: a lot more money at that. But nonetheless, my my 163 00:10:36,280 --> 00:10:38,160 Speaker 1: goal was to play guitar and make a living doing 164 00:10:38,240 --> 00:10:41,600 Speaker 1: I wanted to be a professional guitar player, whatever that took, 165 00:10:41,679 --> 00:10:45,040 Speaker 1: being in top forty bands, playing in jazz bands. I 166 00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:49,240 Speaker 1: played in the National Uth Jazz Orchestra. I'd established myself 167 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:52,560 Speaker 1: and I was working at abbey Road in the Iconic 168 00:10:52,600 --> 00:10:55,920 Speaker 1: studio to the Beatles Studio on a session and I 169 00:10:55,960 --> 00:10:58,240 Speaker 1: got a phone call. Now getting a phone call on 170 00:10:58,280 --> 00:11:02,040 Speaker 1: a session at abbey Road was usual. This is for 171 00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:05,080 Speaker 1: for the younger listeners. Back then. We didn't all have 172 00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:09,559 Speaker 1: cell phones. It was literally white courtesy phone. Lawrence Juber 173 00:11:10,040 --> 00:11:12,880 Speaker 1: coming in for you, and the phone was up in 174 00:11:12,920 --> 00:11:15,679 Speaker 1: the next of the control room. And there's a big 175 00:11:15,720 --> 00:11:18,080 Speaker 1: long staircase. And you never went up there as as 176 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:22,240 Speaker 1: a musician, you know, you stayed down stayed downstairs on 177 00:11:22,280 --> 00:11:24,559 Speaker 1: the studio floor. But I had to go up. And 178 00:11:24,600 --> 00:11:26,920 Speaker 1: I've never seen the control room before. So go up 179 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:29,040 Speaker 1: in the control room, go take the phone call, and 180 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:35,199 Speaker 1: it's McCartney's office as MPL and the guy says, Jenny 181 00:11:35,240 --> 00:11:37,400 Speaker 1: wants to know if you can come and jam on Monday, 182 00:11:37,480 --> 00:11:39,720 Speaker 1: and oh, by the way, Paul and Linda will be there. 183 00:11:40,080 --> 00:11:42,320 Speaker 1: And as it happens, I was free, thank goodness. And 184 00:11:42,360 --> 00:11:44,880 Speaker 1: if you weren't, if I wasn't, I would have made myself. 185 00:11:46,400 --> 00:11:49,480 Speaker 1: And I kind of went into a slight panic because 186 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:51,360 Speaker 1: I didn't really know any of the Wings stuff. You know, 187 00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:53,320 Speaker 1: at that time, I was into being a hot shot 188 00:11:53,480 --> 00:11:56,600 Speaker 1: studio player, and it wasn't. I was listening to pop records, 189 00:11:56,640 --> 00:11:59,560 Speaker 1: but you know, there weren't a lot of guitar solos 190 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:01,439 Speaker 1: on the Wing records, and now that was the thing, 191 00:12:01,600 --> 00:12:04,200 Speaker 1: you know. I was much more into more of the 192 00:12:04,200 --> 00:12:09,920 Speaker 1: progressive FUSIONI Staff and Weather Report and UM returned to Forever, 193 00:12:10,000 --> 00:12:12,680 Speaker 1: and I was listening to like Chick Career and then 194 00:12:12,720 --> 00:12:16,000 Speaker 1: like Los Angeles guitar players like Larry Carton, Lee Written On, 195 00:12:16,120 --> 00:12:19,319 Speaker 1: you know, those kind of like jazz guy, fusion guy 196 00:12:19,400 --> 00:12:23,320 Speaker 1: studio players and UM. But so I brought some LPs 197 00:12:23,360 --> 00:12:26,040 Speaker 1: from my brother and listened over the weekend. But I 198 00:12:26,040 --> 00:12:27,800 Speaker 1: realized there was no way I was going to be 199 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:29,559 Speaker 1: able to anticipate what we were going to do, and 200 00:12:29,600 --> 00:12:31,560 Speaker 1: as it turned out, we jammed on some chuck Berry 201 00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:35,439 Speaker 1: grooves and some reggae kind of field things, and they said, 202 00:12:35,480 --> 00:12:38,040 Speaker 1: what are you doing for the next few years, at 203 00:12:38,040 --> 00:12:39,800 Speaker 1: which point I had to think about it deeply for 204 00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:44,160 Speaker 1: a nano second, because you know, I'd established myself so 205 00:12:44,280 --> 00:12:46,080 Speaker 1: when I worked really hard and I was making a 206 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:49,840 Speaker 1: decent living doing it, but I couldn't turn down the 207 00:12:49,840 --> 00:12:53,360 Speaker 1: opportunity to work with Paul McCartney. So you know, I said, well, 208 00:12:53,640 --> 00:12:56,400 Speaker 1: I guess I'm playing with you. I think the rule 209 00:12:56,440 --> 00:12:58,400 Speaker 1: of thumb is when Paul McCartney says, what are you 210 00:12:58,440 --> 00:13:02,400 Speaker 1: doing for the next few years, you tell me exactly. 211 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:07,200 Speaker 1: So it was it was a big change now, but 212 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:11,120 Speaker 1: personally it happened at a really crucial point in my 213 00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:14,000 Speaker 1: life because my father passed away a month earlier, so 214 00:13:14,720 --> 00:13:18,640 Speaker 1: it was a very kind of emotionally wrenching period. And 215 00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:21,600 Speaker 1: you know, to then step into the situation where not 216 00:13:21,640 --> 00:13:24,040 Speaker 1: only was I working for Paul, but he was kind 217 00:13:24,040 --> 00:13:27,240 Speaker 1: of an artistic mentor as well, and it really was. 218 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:30,240 Speaker 1: It became an extension of my education because I had 219 00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:34,120 Speaker 1: studied London University got about your music degree in musicology 220 00:13:34,120 --> 00:13:37,920 Speaker 1: and music theory. I never really studied guitar formally, except 221 00:13:38,360 --> 00:13:41,840 Speaker 1: in high school. I had classical guitar lessons, but it 222 00:13:41,920 --> 00:13:45,720 Speaker 1: wasn't my ambition to be a classical guitar player. It 223 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:49,600 Speaker 1: was simply a way to have the necessary grade level 224 00:13:49,880 --> 00:13:52,960 Speaker 1: in performance to be able to continue to study music theory, 225 00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:56,000 Speaker 1: because what intrigued me was the way that music was 226 00:13:56,040 --> 00:13:59,880 Speaker 1: put together, and watching you play various songs, it's clear 227 00:14:00,600 --> 00:14:03,319 Speaker 1: that you don't just pick up a guitar and strum. 228 00:14:03,360 --> 00:14:07,280 Speaker 1: All of the compositions I've seen you perform have been 229 00:14:07,320 --> 00:14:13,400 Speaker 1: constructed painstakingly with great a forethought, if that's even a word. 230 00:14:13,840 --> 00:14:17,440 Speaker 1: But it's clear that these aren't just oh, let me 231 00:14:17,520 --> 00:14:21,240 Speaker 1: run off a few riffs. You really spend time charting 232 00:14:21,280 --> 00:14:23,840 Speaker 1: these things out in great theme, figuring out how all 233 00:14:23,880 --> 00:14:26,640 Speaker 1: the parts work together. I mean, that's that's the challenge, 234 00:14:26,760 --> 00:14:31,120 Speaker 1: that's the technique. So McCartney's and Linda say to you, hey, 235 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:34,720 Speaker 1: let's go on tour. What's actually not not straight away? No, 236 00:14:35,360 --> 00:14:37,320 Speaker 1: first thing that happens when we went up to Scotland 237 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:41,080 Speaker 1: to his farm and spent a few weeks just working 238 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:45,280 Speaker 1: through potential material for an album. So before we're even 239 00:14:45,320 --> 00:14:49,720 Speaker 1: rehearsing for the tour came away date way later because 240 00:14:49,760 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: he owed he had just signed with Columbia Records, had 241 00:14:52,400 --> 00:14:56,040 Speaker 1: been on Capitol for years. Signed with Columbia as a 242 00:14:56,080 --> 00:14:59,280 Speaker 1: signing bonus, he got a great deal on the Frank 243 00:14:59,440 --> 00:15:04,320 Speaker 1: Music CBS Songs Frank Music catalog, which included Greece, chorus 244 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:06,920 Speaker 1: Line and Annie, all of which got made into movies 245 00:15:06,960 --> 00:15:10,760 Speaker 1: within a year of him acquiring those copyrights. Yeah, hit, 246 00:15:10,760 --> 00:15:13,320 Speaker 1: Paul was well on the way to becoming the largest 247 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:16,840 Speaker 1: independent music publisher in the world. Because if Linda's father, 248 00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:20,280 Speaker 1: Lee represented a lot of the composers. Lee Eastman was 249 00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:25,000 Speaker 1: big time, big time music lawyer, and in fact, after 250 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:27,000 Speaker 1: we had spent some time in Scotland and we shot 251 00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:30,360 Speaker 1: a video from an existing track, we then came to 252 00:15:30,440 --> 00:15:33,160 Speaker 1: New York, went out to Long Island, out to the 253 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:37,200 Speaker 1: Hampton's and spent a few days getting to know chat 254 00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:39,760 Speaker 1: about the business end of it with with Lee Eastman, 255 00:15:39,800 --> 00:15:43,520 Speaker 1: which was pretty impressive, I have to say. And then 256 00:15:43,720 --> 00:15:45,960 Speaker 1: we went back to England and then went up to 257 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:49,920 Speaker 1: Scotland again and started recording an album, which we continued 258 00:15:49,960 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 1: to do in Scotland, and then we went down to 259 00:15:51,680 --> 00:15:54,920 Speaker 1: a castle on the South coast of England, Limb Castle, 260 00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:58,800 Speaker 1: which like a thirteenth century with battlements and ghosts and 261 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:01,960 Speaker 1: spiral stay cases. It was great. And then we went 262 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,640 Speaker 1: into Abbey Road and did some recording there and ended 263 00:16:04,720 --> 00:16:08,160 Speaker 1: up actually in the basement of Paul's studio, Paul's office 264 00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:12,400 Speaker 1: in Soho Square, London, one Soho Square, which is like 265 00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:16,280 Speaker 1: a great addressed and we built a replica of the 266 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:18,680 Speaker 1: control room of Abbey Road studio too so that we 267 00:16:18,720 --> 00:16:21,600 Speaker 1: could mix the album because we couldn't get into Abbey 268 00:16:21,640 --> 00:16:24,320 Speaker 1: Row because Kate Bush I think Cliff Richard and Kate 269 00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:27,360 Speaker 1: Busch were using it and we couldn't get the studio 270 00:16:27,400 --> 00:16:29,840 Speaker 1: that we wanted, so we just Paul created his own. 271 00:16:30,040 --> 00:16:32,840 Speaker 1: Let's talk a little bit about the business of music. 272 00:16:32,920 --> 00:16:36,600 Speaker 1: You mentioned you were happy earning a living as a 273 00:16:36,680 --> 00:16:40,680 Speaker 1: studio musician. Do those careers still exists to the same 274 00:16:40,680 --> 00:16:44,240 Speaker 1: degree they used to? They do to some extent, I mean, 275 00:16:44,480 --> 00:16:47,080 Speaker 1: you know, the union a for them used to have 276 00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:50,520 Speaker 1: a lot of cloud and in some areas it still does. 277 00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:55,160 Speaker 1: I mean in television movies as long as their studio movies. 278 00:16:55,280 --> 00:16:58,479 Speaker 1: This you know, and and it certainly can be rewarding, 279 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:02,920 Speaker 1: but it's not as reliable a source of income as 280 00:17:02,960 --> 00:17:07,240 Speaker 1: it was even twenty years ago. I mean it really 281 00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:10,359 Speaker 1: the amount of that kind of work has diminished because 282 00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:14,359 Speaker 1: the technology has had an enormous impact. Whereas it used 283 00:17:14,400 --> 00:17:16,680 Speaker 1: to be that you'd have to put together an orchestra 284 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:18,760 Speaker 1: to do a score, and now you can do it, 285 00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:22,120 Speaker 1: you know, in your bedroom basically, um with a laptop. 286 00:17:23,359 --> 00:17:26,840 Speaker 1: So it doesn't necessarily have the same dimension to it. 287 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:29,720 Speaker 1: But then you know, that depends on the budget. But 288 00:17:29,720 --> 00:17:34,000 Speaker 1: but being a studio musician is was always really going 289 00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:37,920 Speaker 1: back to the twenties, was a viable way of making 290 00:17:37,920 --> 00:17:40,639 Speaker 1: a living, just not nearly as much as it was 291 00:17:41,240 --> 00:17:43,560 Speaker 1: not nearly as much today as it once was. Correct, 292 00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:45,760 Speaker 1: I mean, now really we had the money. Is is 293 00:17:45,800 --> 00:17:48,639 Speaker 1: in the songwriting and my daughter Elsie, for example, is 294 00:17:48,760 --> 00:17:52,720 Speaker 1: has becoming a successful songwriter, and I see how it 295 00:17:52,760 --> 00:17:56,879 Speaker 1: works for her in terms of and it's not just records. 296 00:17:57,040 --> 00:18:00,520 Speaker 1: It's not just records and television streaming is streaming is 297 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:04,119 Speaker 1: not a great source of revenue for songwriters. For performers, 298 00:18:04,119 --> 00:18:07,120 Speaker 1: it's better the ratio for they find something of mine 299 00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:12,960 Speaker 1: gets played on serious example, Pandora. Hopefully Pandora will still 300 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:15,840 Speaker 1: be around for a while if it gets played there. 301 00:18:16,520 --> 00:18:20,800 Speaker 1: I make seventeen times as much as a performer as 302 00:18:20,840 --> 00:18:24,200 Speaker 1: I would as the as the writer publishing. Does that 303 00:18:24,320 --> 00:18:26,520 Speaker 1: make any sense? That seems it makes sense if you're 304 00:18:26,520 --> 00:18:30,000 Speaker 1: the performer, but if you're the performer writer, I guess 305 00:18:30,000 --> 00:18:33,240 Speaker 1: there's a certain comma involved because performers never got and 306 00:18:33,280 --> 00:18:36,399 Speaker 1: still don't get money from terrestrial radio at all. It 307 00:18:36,480 --> 00:18:40,800 Speaker 1: was always looked at as promotional and not exactly exactly. 308 00:18:41,400 --> 00:18:44,399 Speaker 1: It's free promotion for your concerts, but that which is 309 00:18:44,440 --> 00:18:47,040 Speaker 1: why it used to be free promotion for your albums. 310 00:18:47,280 --> 00:18:50,600 Speaker 1: Well before that was free promotion for your live performances. 311 00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:53,720 Speaker 1: So we went from live performances as a big source 312 00:18:53,760 --> 00:18:56,600 Speaker 1: of income to albums album and now we're back to 313 00:18:56,640 --> 00:19:01,719 Speaker 1: live performances to a largic live performances and T shirts, 314 00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:05,600 Speaker 1: merchandise um and and CDs have you know, dropped off 315 00:19:05,640 --> 00:19:08,240 Speaker 1: a lot, but you know, show merchandise in terms. I mean, 316 00:19:08,600 --> 00:19:10,679 Speaker 1: you've seen me at my shows, you know, with with 317 00:19:10,760 --> 00:19:13,119 Speaker 1: a stack of CDs and a line of people running 318 00:19:13,160 --> 00:19:17,840 Speaker 1: signatures and stuff. So that's that's a away And it's 319 00:19:17,880 --> 00:19:19,919 Speaker 1: great because I would get to meet the fans, but 320 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:24,080 Speaker 1: I also get to hand over the work you know 321 00:19:24,119 --> 00:19:28,280 Speaker 1: the artistic work. But but the real money in songwriting 322 00:19:28,320 --> 00:19:32,000 Speaker 1: is in first of all, is in radio, airplay and 323 00:19:32,080 --> 00:19:37,200 Speaker 1: television and synchronization licenses. So a song, I mean, for example, 324 00:19:37,240 --> 00:19:41,240 Speaker 1: else co wrote Fireball for Pitball and that got used 325 00:19:42,160 --> 00:19:45,240 Speaker 1: big song got used on Dancing with the Stars. They 326 00:19:45,280 --> 00:19:48,719 Speaker 1: pay a synchronization license for the right to use it, 327 00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:52,320 Speaker 1: and then b m I collect performance royalties for it. 328 00:19:52,480 --> 00:19:55,520 Speaker 1: So there are revenue streams that develop out of that. UM. 329 00:19:56,920 --> 00:20:00,280 Speaker 1: Cell phone company might license it or CBS, you know 330 00:20:00,480 --> 00:20:03,600 Speaker 1: se Um. She also co wrote a song for Major 331 00:20:03,680 --> 00:20:07,560 Speaker 1: Laser called Powerful and CBS Television we're using it as 332 00:20:07,600 --> 00:20:11,439 Speaker 1: background for promos for upcoming shows, so they pay a 333 00:20:11,480 --> 00:20:14,840 Speaker 1: license fee for that that generates b m I UM. 334 00:20:14,920 --> 00:20:19,440 Speaker 1: So there are there are solid revenue streams that come 335 00:20:19,520 --> 00:20:23,920 Speaker 1: from that kind of activity. UM. And that's really where 336 00:20:23,920 --> 00:20:28,280 Speaker 1: the music publishes, you know, that's that's their lifeblood, is 337 00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:31,199 Speaker 1: that kind of activity, and it's worth their while to 338 00:20:31,280 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: have a roster of successful songwriters that who's publishing they administer, 339 00:20:36,119 --> 00:20:39,159 Speaker 1: and that you know, publishing is typically kind of a 340 00:20:39,160 --> 00:20:42,800 Speaker 1: a lot of pennies that add up to a substantial stream. 341 00:20:42,840 --> 00:20:44,840 Speaker 1: So so the thought of a couple of people getting 342 00:20:44,880 --> 00:20:47,520 Speaker 1: together in a garage, recording an album, going on tour 343 00:20:49,680 --> 00:20:52,280 Speaker 1: still a viable business model, and there are people that 344 00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:55,560 Speaker 1: are doing that, especially if they get good social media support, 345 00:20:55,760 --> 00:20:58,800 Speaker 1: who can actually make some decent money. And I hear 346 00:20:58,880 --> 00:21:01,720 Speaker 1: rumor of people that actually make money out of YouTube videos. 347 00:21:01,800 --> 00:21:04,439 Speaker 1: But but the reality of it is that YouTube doesn't 348 00:21:05,040 --> 00:21:10,880 Speaker 1: really monetize as well as some other outlets. But it's 349 00:21:10,880 --> 00:21:15,679 Speaker 1: a it's a new frontier because digital just changed everything basically. Really, 350 00:21:15,680 --> 00:21:20,119 Speaker 1: that's that's fascinating. So so given the shift to digital 351 00:21:20,359 --> 00:21:25,240 Speaker 1: from analog recordings and the way you as a musician 352 00:21:25,320 --> 00:21:29,920 Speaker 1: have changed, um where you focus your time. What does 353 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:32,399 Speaker 1: this mean for people who want to go into the 354 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:36,040 Speaker 1: field of music. Is their emphasis completely different than it 355 00:21:36,080 --> 00:21:39,280 Speaker 1: once was to some extent, yes, I mean I think 356 00:21:39,280 --> 00:21:43,680 Speaker 1: it's it's actually broadened the field. I mean, thirty years ago, 357 00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:46,120 Speaker 1: there were no video game that's a source of revenue 358 00:21:46,119 --> 00:21:50,080 Speaker 1: from I've written for video I've written for Blizzard Entertainment, Activision, Blizzard. 359 00:21:50,160 --> 00:21:52,880 Speaker 1: I did music for Diablo three, which is a big 360 00:21:52,920 --> 00:21:57,159 Speaker 1: game that was a giant game, and that's something that 361 00:21:57,200 --> 00:22:00,600 Speaker 1: didn't exist in a previous generation. As a man named 362 00:22:00,600 --> 00:22:05,119 Speaker 1: Tom Tommy Tallarico, who is the most successful of all 363 00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:07,840 Speaker 1: the video game composers, going back to like Super Mario 364 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:11,800 Speaker 1: Brothers kind of like you know, those very like Nintendo games. 365 00:22:11,840 --> 00:22:14,760 Speaker 1: That's a new end of the business. Let's talk a 366 00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:18,880 Speaker 1: little bit about some of the guitarists you mentioned. You 367 00:22:18,920 --> 00:22:24,000 Speaker 1: mentioned a few names earlier. Remind me of who you 368 00:22:24,119 --> 00:22:27,240 Speaker 1: referred to out in l A. Well, I mean the 369 00:22:27,359 --> 00:22:29,200 Speaker 1: number one on the list I think for everybody is 370 00:22:29,280 --> 00:22:32,280 Speaker 1: Jango Reinhart. Oh well, yeah, but the guys in l 371 00:22:32,320 --> 00:22:34,800 Speaker 1: A would be like Larry Carlton and Lee Writtener, you 372 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:37,240 Speaker 1: know who. And that started off the studio players. There 373 00:22:37,280 --> 00:22:40,480 Speaker 1: was a pass of being a studio player in l A. 374 00:22:40,720 --> 00:22:44,560 Speaker 1: That was followed by like Bonnie Castle, um, and and 375 00:22:44,680 --> 00:22:48,520 Speaker 1: players like that who were studio guys but also were 376 00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:52,240 Speaker 1: jazz players so they could do and roll. They could, 377 00:22:53,080 --> 00:22:55,800 Speaker 1: but they preferred the jazz. I mean Bonnie Castle, for example, 378 00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:59,080 Speaker 1: was actually a mentor to Phil Specter really and played 379 00:22:59,160 --> 00:23:02,480 Speaker 1: on a number of the records. And you know, like, um, 380 00:23:02,560 --> 00:23:04,800 Speaker 1: but when you go back and you listen to some 381 00:23:04,840 --> 00:23:07,399 Speaker 1: of those, especially like the fifties movie score, some of 382 00:23:07,440 --> 00:23:09,840 Speaker 1: the Man Seni stuff, and you're here, like some really 383 00:23:10,160 --> 00:23:13,600 Speaker 1: kind of like jazz guy. Well, I'm not tuned for 384 00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:16,800 Speaker 1: the man seen you right now, but um, but some 385 00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:19,000 Speaker 1: but some of the jazz guy you know, like especially 386 00:23:19,040 --> 00:23:21,160 Speaker 1: at Barney Kessele, who was a big hero of mine. 387 00:23:21,320 --> 00:23:31,760 Speaker 1: And you mentioned the jangle. Yeah, the Belgian Gypsy who 388 00:23:31,800 --> 00:23:35,600 Speaker 1: I think everybody kind of looks to us being probably 389 00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:38,840 Speaker 1: the greatest guitarist of all time. Really certainly the father 390 00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:43,680 Speaker 1: of that style of on the European side, yes, but 391 00:23:43,680 --> 00:23:48,480 Speaker 1: but the father of American jazz guitar was Eddie Lang. Um. 392 00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:53,840 Speaker 1: And then how does he differ from Reinhardt. Well, Eddie 393 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:57,920 Speaker 1: lang was of Italian descent, and you know he worked 394 00:23:57,920 --> 00:24:00,199 Speaker 1: with Bing Crosby. I mean he was being Crossby's right 395 00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:04,159 Speaker 1: hand man, so different stylistic area. I mean, Django was 396 00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:09,120 Speaker 1: very much in the Gypsy chairs kind of It's kind 397 00:24:09,119 --> 00:24:11,280 Speaker 1: of like there's that rhythm is what they called the 398 00:24:11,280 --> 00:24:14,480 Speaker 1: pump pump, and it kind of just sits in the 399 00:24:14,520 --> 00:24:18,320 Speaker 1: particular kind of groove. Um, Eddie Lange was was a 400 00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:20,560 Speaker 1: very versatile guitar player. I did a lot of records 401 00:24:20,560 --> 00:24:25,400 Speaker 1: with Joe Anuti around thirty but even prior to that, 402 00:24:25,440 --> 00:24:30,200 Speaker 1: I mean the first Bona fide recorded blues guitar solo 403 00:24:31,040 --> 00:24:36,679 Speaker 1: was Lonnie Johnson recorded a piece called hight Glide in 404 00:24:37,800 --> 00:24:41,240 Speaker 1: seven and that has all the you know, all those 405 00:24:41,320 --> 00:24:54,920 Speaker 1: kind of with him and a piano player, but all 406 00:24:54,920 --> 00:24:59,440 Speaker 1: those bent notes and vibrato and improvised blues solos. That's 407 00:24:59,480 --> 00:25:01,679 Speaker 1: that was really the beginning of it, because the guitar 408 00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:04,600 Speaker 1: didn't really kind of have make a big mark in 409 00:25:04,640 --> 00:25:08,400 Speaker 1: the recording industry until the mid mid to late twenties. 410 00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:12,160 Speaker 1: Let's talk about some of your contemporaries, or let's let's 411 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:16,080 Speaker 1: I'll work my way, um historically, let's talk about Less 412 00:25:16,119 --> 00:25:18,840 Speaker 1: Paul a little bit. Oh yeah, what what is my 413 00:25:18,960 --> 00:25:22,720 Speaker 1: great regret in life? As a grad students, I lived 414 00:25:22,720 --> 00:25:26,680 Speaker 1: on seventeenth and third, around the corner from Fat Tuesdays, 415 00:25:26,720 --> 00:25:29,800 Speaker 1: where he played every week, and I kept saying to myself, Oh, 416 00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:32,480 Speaker 1: I have to go see less Ball. And five years later, 417 00:25:33,119 --> 00:25:36,159 Speaker 1: well then he was led over to Iridium. M I 418 00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:39,760 Speaker 1: missed the window closed before. Yeah. I actually went to 419 00:25:39,760 --> 00:25:42,000 Speaker 1: play with him at Iridium on a Monday, a very 420 00:25:42,080 --> 00:25:45,479 Speaker 1: rainy Monday night after a huge northeaster, and he couldn't 421 00:25:45,480 --> 00:25:47,359 Speaker 1: get there, He couldn't get out of his house because 422 00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:50,639 Speaker 1: the bridge had been washed washed over. But I played 423 00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:52,760 Speaker 1: with his band. I played with the Less Paul band. 424 00:25:52,840 --> 00:25:54,520 Speaker 1: What I never got to actually play with Less. What 425 00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:58,120 Speaker 1: do you think of him as a guitarist? Fabulous, one 426 00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:01,400 Speaker 1: of the great jazz guitar play before it became kind 427 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:04,760 Speaker 1: of a pop star with with Mary Ford and and 428 00:26:04,800 --> 00:26:07,840 Speaker 1: of course not not just a great jazz player, but 429 00:26:07,920 --> 00:26:12,560 Speaker 1: also really the father of the modern recording technology. I mean, 430 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:15,720 Speaker 1: you know, the modern studio, modern recording studio. Pretty much 431 00:26:16,840 --> 00:26:19,919 Speaker 1: Les Paul is to the recording studio what Thomas Edison 432 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:23,040 Speaker 1: was to the lightbulb, and not only to the recording studio, 433 00:26:23,400 --> 00:26:27,199 Speaker 1: but also to the electric guitar. Song electric guitar to 434 00:26:27,280 --> 00:26:29,919 Speaker 1: some degree. But he didn't invent the electric guitar, but 435 00:26:30,040 --> 00:26:33,040 Speaker 1: he did invent a lot of things like multitrack recording. 436 00:26:33,400 --> 00:26:36,600 Speaker 1: So you you recorded a version of Peter Towns It's 437 00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:40,960 Speaker 1: you did a few Who songs, which I believe you 438 00:26:41,359 --> 00:26:44,919 Speaker 1: once said Towns had said was impossible to do on guitar. 439 00:26:46,000 --> 00:26:49,399 Speaker 1: He didn't say that to me. He was amazed that 440 00:26:49,440 --> 00:26:51,720 Speaker 1: I could do it on guitar. I mean, you know, 441 00:26:51,760 --> 00:26:57,800 Speaker 1: I do it in dad gad tuning, which is one 442 00:26:57,840 --> 00:27:03,000 Speaker 1: of the alter tunings that I use the intro, which 443 00:27:03,080 --> 00:27:09,520 Speaker 1: is a synthesizer like a sequence synthesizer thing, which is 444 00:27:09,520 --> 00:27:11,800 Speaker 1: why he thought it could be done on a guitar. 445 00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:21,600 Speaker 1: So you know, it's like that, and it's you. You 446 00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:24,359 Speaker 1: have to be you have to figure it out, and 447 00:27:24,440 --> 00:27:27,159 Speaker 1: you can't do it in standard tuning. And then it 448 00:27:27,240 --> 00:27:34,200 Speaker 1: kind of breaks into I don't do Roger Daughters scream. 449 00:27:34,240 --> 00:27:36,040 Speaker 1: What do you think of towns It as a writer 450 00:27:36,119 --> 00:27:38,240 Speaker 1: and a guitar. Oh, it's fabulous. I mean one of 451 00:27:38,280 --> 00:27:41,640 Speaker 1: the great great rock is what makes him so good 452 00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:49,160 Speaker 1: to pull a line from? That's right, it's just that 453 00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:53,720 Speaker 1: the combination of talent and clearly there's a genetic component 454 00:27:53,760 --> 00:28:00,760 Speaker 1: because his dad was a musician. There's a combination of talent, persistence, experience. 455 00:28:02,080 --> 00:28:07,159 Speaker 1: You know, you can't do what he does without having 456 00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:12,960 Speaker 1: that that intensity of dedication. It's not easy to maintain 457 00:28:13,480 --> 00:28:17,000 Speaker 1: a career, to to start a career in the music business, 458 00:28:17,000 --> 00:28:20,400 Speaker 1: and then to maintain it for thirty or forty years. Yeah, 459 00:28:20,480 --> 00:28:22,520 Speaker 1: I mean, but look at and look at McCartney. I mean, 460 00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:25,439 Speaker 1: it's still going out and doing tree. Yeah, it's amazing. 461 00:28:25,760 --> 00:28:29,760 Speaker 1: That's um. What about Mark Knopfler, who I find to 462 00:28:29,800 --> 00:28:32,359 Speaker 1: be fast, great player, really interesting because he you know, 463 00:28:32,359 --> 00:28:35,240 Speaker 1: he plays fingerstyle, yes, and he's a lefty, but he 464 00:28:35,240 --> 00:28:38,680 Speaker 1: plays right handed. There's a few a few guitar players 465 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:41,400 Speaker 1: who are lefties, who are leftist who play right does 466 00:28:41,440 --> 00:28:43,440 Speaker 1: that well? We know Hendrix used to play in a 467 00:28:43,440 --> 00:28:46,720 Speaker 1: handful of other guys used to play actually lefty. What 468 00:28:46,840 --> 00:28:49,280 Speaker 1: does it do if you're a lefty playing right? He 469 00:28:49,360 --> 00:28:51,480 Speaker 1: does it give you an advantage with your left hand? 470 00:28:51,600 --> 00:28:53,520 Speaker 1: You know it? That's you do? You have to ask 471 00:28:53,560 --> 00:29:00,720 Speaker 1: a neurologist. Um, I mean, it's remarkable to me what 472 00:29:00,720 --> 00:29:02,640 Speaker 1: what I can do with my left hand, and yet 473 00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:06,000 Speaker 1: if I pick up a pen, it's it's like hopeless, 474 00:29:06,080 --> 00:29:11,120 Speaker 1: you know. But but but the fact is that both 475 00:29:11,160 --> 00:29:14,560 Speaker 1: hands have to be especially with fingerstyle, they really have 476 00:29:14,640 --> 00:29:17,760 Speaker 1: to be equally quiet, and the left hand is actually 477 00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:20,840 Speaker 1: doing more, but the left hand corresponds to the right brain. 478 00:29:21,600 --> 00:29:25,720 Speaker 1: So it's kind of there's a creative flow that happens. 479 00:29:25,880 --> 00:29:29,480 Speaker 1: Makes sense, your most cock cockingen, Oh, you're amost great. 480 00:29:30,120 --> 00:29:33,560 Speaker 1: I saw him at a tiny pub in college and 481 00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:36,880 Speaker 1: he was just mesmerized. You know, he's great. Um, I 482 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:41,280 Speaker 1: taught he has a camp in Pomeroy, Ohio called fur 483 00:29:41,360 --> 00:29:46,240 Speaker 1: Piece Ranch, and I taught there and got to hang 484 00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:49,240 Speaker 1: with him, and you know, and like we're in breakfast 485 00:29:49,240 --> 00:29:51,600 Speaker 1: one morning, yourman pulls out his guitar and starts singing 486 00:29:51,640 --> 00:29:53,760 Speaker 1: songs for us, and it's so cool. Just out a 487 00:29:53,840 --> 00:29:58,200 Speaker 1: left field. Yeah, just really a very talented individual. I 488 00:29:58,240 --> 00:30:00,600 Speaker 1: was never a giant hot tune a fan, but I 489 00:30:00,640 --> 00:30:04,479 Speaker 1: always thought he was a fascinating musician. I liked what 490 00:30:04,520 --> 00:30:08,719 Speaker 1: he did. An interesting point of background is that he 491 00:30:08,920 --> 00:30:13,400 Speaker 1: studied from the DC area originally and studied with Sophocles Papas, 492 00:30:13,440 --> 00:30:19,600 Speaker 1: who was one of Segovia's proteges. Interesting, I have a 493 00:30:19,680 --> 00:30:21,720 Speaker 1: handful of guitarists they have to run. I have to 494 00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:26,160 Speaker 1: ask you about Eric Clapton. Yeah, well, you know, what 495 00:30:26,200 --> 00:30:30,200 Speaker 1: can you say The Blues Breaker's album with Joe male 496 00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:38,240 Speaker 1: Um hide Away, You know, I mean that that was 497 00:30:39,760 --> 00:30:43,120 Speaker 1: an epiphany for me hearing that for the first time. 498 00:30:43,800 --> 00:30:47,720 Speaker 1: And then Frank Zappa talk about Zappa that much brilliant 499 00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:51,480 Speaker 1: guitarists and an even more brilliant composer, one of the greats. 500 00:30:52,320 --> 00:30:55,520 Speaker 1: But you know, just so eccentric, you kind of you 501 00:30:55,720 --> 00:31:01,840 Speaker 1: don't even realized just how how dense and what kind 502 00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:06,360 Speaker 1: of what kind of granular detail is on it? Going 503 00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:07,840 Speaker 1: on his music. I used to see him a lot 504 00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:09,719 Speaker 1: in London when he I saw him at the Albert 505 00:31:09,720 --> 00:31:12,520 Speaker 1: Hall with Don Preston playing the huge organ there. That 506 00:31:12,600 --> 00:31:15,880 Speaker 1: was really cool. What's fascinating is his son Dweezel, who's 507 00:31:15,920 --> 00:31:19,560 Speaker 1: also a good guitarist, pulls out each year these kids 508 00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:23,280 Speaker 1: out of Berkeley College and Music and they're nineteen and 509 00:31:23,320 --> 00:31:27,000 Speaker 1: twenty years old and they tour playing Zappa's music and 510 00:31:27,040 --> 00:31:31,400 Speaker 1: they're amazing. But there's a lesson in estate planning because 511 00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:34,120 Speaker 1: you know that there's a conflict within the Zappa family 512 00:31:34,680 --> 00:31:39,360 Speaker 1: and Dweezel can't promoted a Zappa plays Zappa but you 513 00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:43,360 Speaker 1: know this litigation ongoing, and yeah, yeah, you gotta, you 514 00:31:43,440 --> 00:31:46,520 Speaker 1: gotta get stuff like that straight. To say the least, 515 00:31:46,920 --> 00:31:49,800 Speaker 1: we have been speaking with Lawrence Jubber. I'll be sure 516 00:31:49,840 --> 00:31:53,080 Speaker 1: and check out my daily column on Bloomberg View dot com. 517 00:31:53,680 --> 00:31:56,120 Speaker 1: You can follow me on Twitter at rid Halts. We 518 00:31:56,200 --> 00:32:00,240 Speaker 1: love your comments, feedback and suggestions right to us at 519 00:32:00,720 --> 00:32:04,320 Speaker 1: m IB podcast at Bloomberg dot net. I'm Barry Ridholtz. 520 00:32:04,320 --> 00:32:23,920 Speaker 1: You're listening to Masters in Business on Bloomberg Radio. Welcome 521 00:32:23,960 --> 00:32:26,760 Speaker 1: to the podcast, Lawrence. Thank you so much for doing 522 00:32:26,760 --> 00:32:31,560 Speaker 1: this and bringing your acts and playing a little bit um. 523 00:32:31,760 --> 00:32:35,760 Speaker 1: We were just saying, you develop an intuitive sense of 524 00:32:35,760 --> 00:32:40,280 Speaker 1: of timing. You can you can tell when you've done 525 00:32:40,280 --> 00:32:42,720 Speaker 1: a ninety minutes show, you have a pretty good sense 526 00:32:42,800 --> 00:32:47,240 Speaker 1: of how long the show just ninety minutes, sixty minutes, 527 00:32:47,320 --> 00:32:51,960 Speaker 1: forty five, kind of you just you know how many tunes. Well, 528 00:32:52,000 --> 00:32:55,280 Speaker 1: it's partially a number of tunes, but also just you 529 00:32:55,360 --> 00:32:58,800 Speaker 1: kind of just feel it, you know, I mean, And 530 00:32:58,880 --> 00:33:01,560 Speaker 1: that's for me, that's always been part of the professionalism 531 00:33:01,560 --> 00:33:03,920 Speaker 1: of it is to you know, the contract says you 532 00:33:03,920 --> 00:33:06,120 Speaker 1: play for ninety minutes. I play for ninety minutes and 533 00:33:06,120 --> 00:33:09,240 Speaker 1: then maybe do an encore after that. But but it's 534 00:33:09,280 --> 00:33:14,360 Speaker 1: always important to me to deliver. And my philosophy was 535 00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:19,040 Speaker 1: always make myself indispensable, you know, which means be professional, 536 00:33:19,120 --> 00:33:22,880 Speaker 1: be on time, be in tune with the right instruments. 537 00:33:23,200 --> 00:33:26,360 Speaker 1: And and then that translated once I got onto the 538 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:30,040 Speaker 1: stage where I was being the artist to be able 539 00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:33,920 Speaker 1: to deliver and be entertaining and engage an audience and 540 00:33:33,960 --> 00:33:36,480 Speaker 1: all of those things. So let's let's talk about engaging 541 00:33:36,480 --> 00:33:41,800 Speaker 1: an audience. I have seen you sometimes deliver lots of 542 00:33:41,880 --> 00:33:46,080 Speaker 1: stage pattern, lots of backstory, not quite full on John 543 00:33:46,160 --> 00:33:50,600 Speaker 1: Pizreeli anecdotes. But I can do anecdotes at times. But 544 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:52,560 Speaker 1: then there are other times I've seen you were your 545 00:33:52,600 --> 00:33:55,400 Speaker 1: all business and I'm playing music and nothing's getting in 546 00:33:55,480 --> 00:33:58,400 Speaker 1: my way, especially when I'm I'm kind of I mean, 547 00:33:58,440 --> 00:34:00,360 Speaker 1: I've been on the road now for over a week, 548 00:34:01,280 --> 00:34:05,959 Speaker 1: and the more gigs I do, the more my chops 549 00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:08,960 Speaker 1: get kind of you know, like get so you have 550 00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:11,359 Speaker 1: to limber up. You you can have you can come 551 00:34:11,400 --> 00:34:13,800 Speaker 1: off the off the road and be a little rusty 552 00:34:13,840 --> 00:34:18,560 Speaker 1: when you're starting. Um, yeah, a little um. I mean 553 00:34:18,719 --> 00:34:22,400 Speaker 1: it's it. And but it changes from one gig to 554 00:34:22,440 --> 00:34:25,680 Speaker 1: the next. I mean certain shows, depending on the environment, 555 00:34:25,719 --> 00:34:29,360 Speaker 1: I might be more improvisational or lean more towards the 556 00:34:29,400 --> 00:34:33,960 Speaker 1: set pieces. Um, sometimes it'll just feel really loose and 557 00:34:33,960 --> 00:34:36,600 Speaker 1: I'll stretch things out. It's like when I'm playing Little Wing, 558 00:34:36,640 --> 00:34:41,200 Speaker 1: for example, that I and you destroy that song, but 559 00:34:41,280 --> 00:34:44,080 Speaker 1: I leave a space for myself where it's completely improvised. 560 00:34:44,719 --> 00:34:47,040 Speaker 1: You know, I'm playing over the changes. But but but 561 00:34:47,120 --> 00:34:48,879 Speaker 1: I never play it the same way twice. In fact, 562 00:34:48,880 --> 00:34:51,160 Speaker 1: I never try not to play anything exactly at the 563 00:34:51,160 --> 00:34:52,719 Speaker 1: same time. That was the question I was going to 564 00:34:52,840 --> 00:34:55,600 Speaker 1: ask you, because there are certain songs, especially when you're 565 00:34:55,640 --> 00:35:00,439 Speaker 1: doing covers um that they sound pretty similar from song 566 00:35:00,520 --> 00:35:03,680 Speaker 1: to song, and then there are other versions where it's like, 567 00:35:03,800 --> 00:35:06,800 Speaker 1: I didn't never heard that before, Where did that come from? 568 00:35:07,120 --> 00:35:10,360 Speaker 1: Just it's it's the moment, it's being in the musical moment, 569 00:35:11,440 --> 00:35:13,560 Speaker 1: you know, and it's it's kind of I have to 570 00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:16,000 Speaker 1: be very conscious of what I'm doing and where I am, 571 00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:21,880 Speaker 1: but but also allow myself to get to seek transcendence. Okay, 572 00:35:21,960 --> 00:35:25,560 Speaker 1: you know, how does one seek transcendence by not interfering? 573 00:35:26,280 --> 00:35:30,360 Speaker 1: Because where you go what you do is more complex 574 00:35:30,719 --> 00:35:34,600 Speaker 1: than most Because if somebody is just playing a single 575 00:35:35,760 --> 00:35:39,759 Speaker 1: lead and they're there, I don't care how fast or 576 00:35:39,760 --> 00:35:41,640 Speaker 1: slow they're playing, though it's it could be Edi van 577 00:35:41,680 --> 00:35:46,600 Speaker 1: Hallen or whoever. They're thinking about the sequence of those 578 00:35:46,640 --> 00:35:49,839 Speaker 1: notes and what they're playing. You're playing nine things at 579 00:35:49,840 --> 00:35:54,000 Speaker 1: once because it's vertical rather than that's exactly what I'm saying. 580 00:35:54,080 --> 00:35:57,600 Speaker 1: It's one moment to the next. So when when you're playing, 581 00:35:57,920 --> 00:36:00,839 Speaker 1: you're not thinking in terms of no, no, no, you're 582 00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:05,000 Speaker 1: thinking in terms of these six chord, these six strings 583 00:36:05,000 --> 00:36:07,880 Speaker 1: at once and one of my playing and there's a 584 00:36:07,920 --> 00:36:10,480 Speaker 1: lot of things going on when I'm working stuff out, yes, 585 00:36:10,560 --> 00:36:14,680 Speaker 1: but in performance I'm really trying to tell a story. 586 00:36:14,960 --> 00:36:17,440 Speaker 1: The muscle memory just takes off. So the muscle memory 587 00:36:17,480 --> 00:36:19,680 Speaker 1: is in there the and that's really the stuff that 588 00:36:19,719 --> 00:36:22,960 Speaker 1: gets warmed up during the course of the tour is 589 00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:27,680 Speaker 1: that I just become more finely tuned in the narrative 590 00:36:27,760 --> 00:36:30,960 Speaker 1: aspect of it, which then allows me to be the 591 00:36:31,080 --> 00:36:35,359 Speaker 1: freedom to to do um. You know, in music, there's 592 00:36:35,480 --> 00:36:38,640 Speaker 1: a term called rubato, which which means that, you know, 593 00:36:38,719 --> 00:36:40,400 Speaker 1: you can kind of play around with the tempo a 594 00:36:40,440 --> 00:36:46,160 Speaker 1: little bit, but the Italian means to rob and like 595 00:36:46,760 --> 00:36:49,799 Speaker 1: strict rubato, you don't actually slow anything down. It's just 596 00:36:49,840 --> 00:36:52,160 Speaker 1: if you slow down in part of the bar, you 597 00:36:52,160 --> 00:36:55,120 Speaker 1: you speed up, and the rest of the always stay 598 00:36:55,560 --> 00:36:59,120 Speaker 1: you always stay in the pocket. And that stuff that 599 00:36:59,200 --> 00:37:04,239 Speaker 1: I find myself elf being more casual about as a 600 00:37:04,280 --> 00:37:07,920 Speaker 1: tour progressive, which makes it interesting because then it changes 601 00:37:08,360 --> 00:37:11,680 Speaker 1: the texture a little bit. Who is recognizing that when 602 00:37:11,719 --> 00:37:15,799 Speaker 1: you're doing it? I am now a few I mean 603 00:37:15,800 --> 00:37:18,319 Speaker 1: the musicians were. There was a concert pianist in the 604 00:37:18,360 --> 00:37:22,360 Speaker 1: audience last night show. Who who recognize such that that 605 00:37:22,440 --> 00:37:25,480 Speaker 1: kind of you have a conversation afterwards, I noticed you, 606 00:37:26,160 --> 00:37:30,120 Speaker 1: Yeah we did, And that's just But but you know, 607 00:37:30,160 --> 00:37:33,000 Speaker 1: the the average Aorgiance member just is there to be entertained. 608 00:37:33,040 --> 00:37:36,000 Speaker 1: They're not necessarily going to pass things like that. They're 609 00:37:36,040 --> 00:37:40,239 Speaker 1: going to just enjoy the concert. So what sort of 610 00:37:40,280 --> 00:37:44,000 Speaker 1: stuff do you enjoy playing? What is entertaining for you 611 00:37:44,160 --> 00:37:48,719 Speaker 1: when you're out on tour? Oh? I particularly like it 612 00:37:48,760 --> 00:37:51,000 Speaker 1: when I can actually create that space to be able 613 00:37:51,000 --> 00:37:54,080 Speaker 1: to be improvisational. So it doesn't matter what the song is. 614 00:37:54,160 --> 00:37:57,480 Speaker 1: The song is just the backdrop for you. That's the 615 00:37:57,520 --> 00:38:00,920 Speaker 1: canvas for you to paint the bon Yeah, and sometimes 616 00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:03,640 Speaker 1: it's it's you know, paint by not paint by numbers 617 00:38:03,680 --> 00:38:06,399 Speaker 1: in the sense of just being by rote. But but 618 00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:10,320 Speaker 1: you know, I there are areas to fill in the color, 619 00:38:10,480 --> 00:38:13,640 Speaker 1: but other places where it will just kind of take 620 00:38:13,680 --> 00:38:17,880 Speaker 1: off into its own, its own kind of thing. Do 621 00:38:18,320 --> 00:38:21,719 Speaker 1: you when you're being transcendent it works itself out? Do 622 00:38:21,760 --> 00:38:24,440 Speaker 1: you ever paint yourself into a corner totally and think 623 00:38:24,480 --> 00:38:25,719 Speaker 1: how am I going to get out of that? But 624 00:38:25,800 --> 00:38:27,839 Speaker 1: that's that's the fum pie is getting out of it. 625 00:38:28,080 --> 00:38:31,000 Speaker 1: In live in real time. There's no no when you're 626 00:38:31,000 --> 00:38:33,000 Speaker 1: in front of an audience, is no, hey, let's re 627 00:38:33,160 --> 00:38:35,960 Speaker 1: record this. I messed up in Medina. Rewind that I 628 00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:40,040 Speaker 1: screwed up. It's I have to figure out all my 629 00:38:40,080 --> 00:38:42,000 Speaker 1: fingers will figure out a way. But you know, but 630 00:38:42,000 --> 00:38:45,000 Speaker 1: but I have the the musical knowledge. I have the 631 00:38:45,120 --> 00:38:49,640 Speaker 1: understanding that I know where I'm going, and it's not 632 00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:51,839 Speaker 1: where you've been. You know, if you stop and think 633 00:38:51,880 --> 00:38:54,839 Speaker 1: about what you just did, you don't get to the destination. 634 00:38:55,040 --> 00:38:59,200 Speaker 1: And it's all about destination from one move to the next. 635 00:38:59,280 --> 00:39:02,520 Speaker 1: It's where does it go next? What's the resolution of 636 00:39:02,520 --> 00:39:08,200 Speaker 1: this harmony? What's the evolution of this fingering? And you know, 637 00:39:08,280 --> 00:39:12,160 Speaker 1: I mean there could be a certain amount of stress 638 00:39:12,680 --> 00:39:17,040 Speaker 1: involved if it's like, oh, okay, you know. But sometimes 639 00:39:17,080 --> 00:39:19,400 Speaker 1: I mean, you know, I'll like, you know, the stage 640 00:39:19,480 --> 00:39:21,480 Speaker 1: lights will kind of blind me for a second and 641 00:39:21,560 --> 00:39:23,880 Speaker 1: I'll land on the wrong frat. But you know, you 642 00:39:23,960 --> 00:39:26,640 Speaker 1: slide up one or you slide back one, and nobody 643 00:39:26,680 --> 00:39:29,279 Speaker 1: really picks it up, no, because it ends up just 644 00:39:29,320 --> 00:39:31,200 Speaker 1: becoming part of the texture. And then it was like, oh, 645 00:39:31,239 --> 00:39:34,239 Speaker 1: I'll do that again because it sounded cool. You have 646 00:39:34,320 --> 00:39:37,560 Speaker 1: a lot of guitarists and a lot of musicians as fans. 647 00:39:38,120 --> 00:39:40,840 Speaker 1: Does that affect the way you play? Are you thinking 648 00:39:40,880 --> 00:39:44,400 Speaker 1: about that? Hey, if I do this, this subgroup of 649 00:39:44,440 --> 00:39:47,319 Speaker 1: fans are going to appreciate it, or you're you're more 650 00:39:47,320 --> 00:39:50,640 Speaker 1: in the moment and more in the moment people, Although 651 00:39:50,680 --> 00:39:53,759 Speaker 1: it might change if it's a jazz audience. You know, 652 00:39:53,800 --> 00:39:56,560 Speaker 1: if I'm playing with my trio, for example, then I'll 653 00:39:56,600 --> 00:40:00,439 Speaker 1: be less of the solo self sufficiency thing a much 654 00:40:00,480 --> 00:40:02,719 Speaker 1: more into having a bass player there that's going to 655 00:40:02,840 --> 00:40:07,239 Speaker 1: lay down something that I can then really fly over 656 00:40:07,280 --> 00:40:09,920 Speaker 1: the top. And then you know, there's a little bit 657 00:40:09,960 --> 00:40:13,040 Speaker 1: of kind of strutting one stuff for the jazz jury 658 00:40:13,080 --> 00:40:16,520 Speaker 1: as we refer to it. How often are you out 659 00:40:16,560 --> 00:40:20,239 Speaker 1: with the trio versus not that often? I mean if 660 00:40:20,239 --> 00:40:22,879 Speaker 1: a festival thing comes up. Or last December we did 661 00:40:22,880 --> 00:40:25,600 Speaker 1: a Christmas tour for my Christmas album because we recorded 662 00:40:25,640 --> 00:40:29,880 Speaker 1: it that way the previous Christmas bas bas and upright 663 00:40:29,920 --> 00:40:32,680 Speaker 1: bass and drums like you know, just light drums. But 664 00:40:32,719 --> 00:40:34,520 Speaker 1: then you know, second set, I had strapped on an 665 00:40:34,520 --> 00:40:39,040 Speaker 1: electric guitar and we turned into a a um you'll 666 00:40:39,080 --> 00:40:42,239 Speaker 1: tide jam band. Shall we say? Who are some of 667 00:40:42,280 --> 00:40:47,560 Speaker 1: the other musicians that you have been foundational to your development. Well, 668 00:40:47,640 --> 00:40:50,280 Speaker 1: one one musician that was very helpful to me was 669 00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:53,680 Speaker 1: was I Isaacs, who was an English studio guitar player 670 00:40:54,280 --> 00:40:59,600 Speaker 1: for a period, played with with Stephan Grappelli, who's Jenga 671 00:40:59,680 --> 00:41:03,160 Speaker 1: Ryan's violinist, and I was just I think he was 672 00:41:03,200 --> 00:41:06,480 Speaker 1: the one who kind of said, look, you've've got all 673 00:41:06,480 --> 00:41:10,920 Speaker 1: the technique, you just need to learn how to use it. Um. 674 00:41:11,320 --> 00:41:13,279 Speaker 1: And then there was a man named Tony Romano who 675 00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:18,719 Speaker 1: was we talked about Eddie lang and Tony was was 676 00:41:19,040 --> 00:41:21,279 Speaker 1: a singer and a guitar player that traveled with Bob 677 00:41:21,320 --> 00:41:25,400 Speaker 1: Hope and Francis Langford in the USO UM and you 678 00:41:25,440 --> 00:41:27,080 Speaker 1: typically it would just be the three of us and 679 00:41:27,280 --> 00:41:29,719 Speaker 1: three of them and then with Jerry Cologna, the comedian, 680 00:41:29,800 --> 00:41:31,759 Speaker 1: and maybe some dances that would go and do all 681 00:41:31,800 --> 00:41:34,080 Speaker 1: the U s O tours during World War Two. And 682 00:41:34,200 --> 00:41:39,120 Speaker 1: Tony was I mean, the best lesson I ever got 683 00:41:39,400 --> 00:41:43,480 Speaker 1: was with him saying, play big notes. What does that mean? What? What? 684 00:41:43,600 --> 00:41:47,120 Speaker 1: Play big notes and notes that mean something? You know, 685 00:41:47,160 --> 00:41:48,960 Speaker 1: because you can play a whole flurry of notes, but 686 00:41:49,000 --> 00:41:53,560 Speaker 1: they don't necessarily have any kind of substance to them, 687 00:41:53,640 --> 00:41:56,080 Speaker 1: no importance to them. But you know, you want to 688 00:41:56,200 --> 00:42:02,560 Speaker 1: play one note and you put some expression into it 689 00:42:05,200 --> 00:42:08,960 Speaker 1: and it it then has all this dimension to it. 690 00:42:09,080 --> 00:42:12,480 Speaker 1: So I dimensional note, not just a one dimensional note, 691 00:42:12,480 --> 00:42:16,080 Speaker 1: but something you know. I'm going to get very um 692 00:42:16,280 --> 00:42:19,759 Speaker 1: local and retro on you. As a kid, there was 693 00:42:19,800 --> 00:42:22,719 Speaker 1: a local band called the Good Rats. I don't know 694 00:42:22,760 --> 00:42:24,799 Speaker 1: if you know them, I have heard of them, and 695 00:42:24,840 --> 00:42:28,279 Speaker 1: they had a song called Tasty. And you what you've 696 00:42:28,320 --> 00:42:31,000 Speaker 1: just mentioned with big notes is a line from one 697 00:42:31,040 --> 00:42:34,160 Speaker 1: of their songs. Speed ain't nothing without class. You have 698 00:42:34,239 --> 00:42:37,719 Speaker 1: to play tasty. And it's very much along that those 699 00:42:37,760 --> 00:42:40,919 Speaker 1: lines of the notes have to matter. It doesn't matter, 700 00:42:41,200 --> 00:42:43,239 Speaker 1: you know. I mean you can play fast and then 701 00:42:43,280 --> 00:42:45,640 Speaker 1: you know there's value. And you've seen me in concert. 702 00:42:45,640 --> 00:42:48,440 Speaker 1: I mean there's value in playing you know, those those 703 00:42:48,760 --> 00:42:51,680 Speaker 1: that kind of flourishes, you know, those that that kind 704 00:42:51,719 --> 00:42:54,279 Speaker 1: of thing. But but it needs it needs to be 705 00:42:54,320 --> 00:42:59,400 Speaker 1: balanced with expression. So me anyway, One of the questions 706 00:42:59,440 --> 00:43:01,920 Speaker 1: I get from listeners all the time is ask your 707 00:43:01,960 --> 00:43:05,160 Speaker 1: guests about books. What sort of stuff do you read? 708 00:43:05,239 --> 00:43:08,200 Speaker 1: You're you're traveling a lot, a lot of airplane stuff. 709 00:43:08,239 --> 00:43:10,359 Speaker 1: I mean, I just load up my kindle with you know, 710 00:43:10,560 --> 00:43:17,120 Speaker 1: kind of adventure are some extent. Recently, I've been reading 711 00:43:17,560 --> 00:43:21,160 Speaker 1: reading some musicology. David Burns had an interesting book out 712 00:43:21,200 --> 00:43:27,560 Speaker 1: not too long ago, Um of the talking heads to 713 00:43:27,600 --> 00:43:31,120 Speaker 1: be called musicology or something like. I'm into guitar ology, 714 00:43:32,760 --> 00:43:34,880 Speaker 1: where guitar meets musicology. I've been doing a lot of 715 00:43:34,880 --> 00:43:38,600 Speaker 1: study of nineteenth century guitar music, and partially because of 716 00:43:38,600 --> 00:43:42,719 Speaker 1: my association with Martin guitars. Um and I have a 717 00:43:42,760 --> 00:43:45,920 Speaker 1: talk that I give guitar Mania to Beatlemania, which is 718 00:43:45,960 --> 00:43:48,920 Speaker 1: a slide show history of the guitar. And I can 719 00:43:48,960 --> 00:43:54,560 Speaker 1: play some examples of period pieces. And I have an 720 00:43:54,560 --> 00:43:58,160 Speaker 1: eighteen ninety three Martin Parlor guitar that works really nicely 721 00:43:58,239 --> 00:44:01,520 Speaker 1: for stuff. So player an example of I have to 722 00:44:01,560 --> 00:44:06,480 Speaker 1: retune hand. I was in dad gat tuning for the 723 00:44:06,520 --> 00:44:12,840 Speaker 1: whole time. No, just earlier on. Let me go a 724 00:44:12,920 --> 00:44:21,160 Speaker 1: quick example here, Um, I just finished. So you're not 725 00:44:21,239 --> 00:44:23,600 Speaker 1: even looking at I have a tune in here. Yeah, 726 00:44:23,600 --> 00:44:25,839 Speaker 1: but you are you paying attention to it doing doing 727 00:44:25,840 --> 00:44:30,160 Speaker 1: it by year. But I'm listening to because I'm watching 728 00:44:30,200 --> 00:44:32,560 Speaker 1: you not look at that as your tune. But it's 729 00:44:32,600 --> 00:44:53,919 Speaker 1: tucked back here. M h okay, locked in. So there 730 00:44:54,000 --> 00:44:57,880 Speaker 1: was an Italian named len Yanni who was a contemporary 731 00:44:57,920 --> 00:45:00,120 Speaker 1: of Paganini. In fact, there's thought that the two have 732 00:45:00,160 --> 00:45:03,480 Speaker 1: them played together, and he was known as the Paganini 733 00:45:03,520 --> 00:45:06,680 Speaker 1: of the guitar. It would be like eighteen twenties and 734 00:45:07,680 --> 00:45:11,040 Speaker 1: by any modern standards, he was a shredder and he's 735 00:45:11,040 --> 00:45:37,880 Speaker 1: a little bit of Lenani's. Then um Um there was 736 00:45:38,320 --> 00:45:40,400 Speaker 1: an American guitar player. So what happened was that there 737 00:45:40,480 --> 00:45:43,480 Speaker 1: was this kind of what we call classical guitar now 738 00:45:43,600 --> 00:45:47,719 Speaker 1: it's really Spanish classical guitars filtered through Segovia. But there 739 00:45:47,760 --> 00:45:54,120 Speaker 1: were a lot of um Central Northern European guitar players 740 00:45:54,520 --> 00:45:59,680 Speaker 1: in the early nineteenth century who were extremely influential professional 741 00:45:59,680 --> 00:46:02,480 Speaker 1: guitar players. I mean, the only major difference between what 742 00:46:02,520 --> 00:46:04,359 Speaker 1: they did and what we do now is they had 743 00:46:04,360 --> 00:46:10,040 Speaker 1: no recording industry there and the they were very influential 744 00:46:10,160 --> 00:46:14,560 Speaker 1: on the growth of the American classical guitar And in 745 00:46:14,600 --> 00:46:17,040 Speaker 1: the second half of the nineteenth century there was a 746 00:46:17,080 --> 00:46:20,920 Speaker 1: whole school of guitar music in America, which mostly we 747 00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:24,160 Speaker 1: called parlor guitar music, and that ties in with the 748 00:46:24,239 --> 00:46:27,120 Speaker 1: history of Martin guitars, which I know my signature model 749 00:46:27,120 --> 00:46:31,360 Speaker 1: as a Martin Um. Here's an example. Up Martin's agent 750 00:46:31,480 --> 00:46:35,000 Speaker 1: in New York in the middle of the century was 751 00:46:35,239 --> 00:46:39,160 Speaker 1: a manager, Charles de jannon Um and he this is 752 00:46:39,360 --> 00:46:41,680 Speaker 1: a little bit of a Massurka that he published and 753 00:46:41,800 --> 00:46:47,080 Speaker 1: very typically marches Masurka's Waltz is Um published in eighty 754 00:47:05,239 --> 00:47:08,279 Speaker 1: You know that kind of thing played in the parlor. Yeah, 755 00:47:08,280 --> 00:47:11,319 Speaker 1: but a Mazurka, the you know, this kind of little 756 00:47:11,320 --> 00:47:14,880 Speaker 1: bouncy thing is characteristic of the masurk um. So how 757 00:47:14,920 --> 00:47:17,239 Speaker 1: does that go from from what you played earlier to 758 00:47:17,360 --> 00:47:23,680 Speaker 1: this to how does that eventually translate to modern American 759 00:47:23,719 --> 00:47:27,280 Speaker 1: classical and then blues in the Beatles. Well, what happened 760 00:47:27,640 --> 00:47:31,600 Speaker 1: really was the in the classical area, and there were 761 00:47:31,600 --> 00:47:33,720 Speaker 1: by the turn of the century there were two major 762 00:47:34,080 --> 00:47:36,920 Speaker 1: guitar players. It was William Foden, known as the Wizard 763 00:47:36,920 --> 00:47:39,120 Speaker 1: of the Guitar, and then there was a woman named 764 00:47:39,200 --> 00:47:41,960 Speaker 1: verd orch At Bickford who and they were kind of 765 00:47:42,000 --> 00:47:44,759 Speaker 1: polar opposites. He was very technical, he was famous for 766 00:47:44,840 --> 00:47:49,480 Speaker 1: his incredible tremolo technique, and she was very artistic and 767 00:47:49,640 --> 00:47:52,920 Speaker 1: very very much in almost like a precursor of the 768 00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:55,759 Speaker 1: New Age kind of thing. She was actually an astrologer, 769 00:47:56,160 --> 00:47:58,879 Speaker 1: as was her husband too. And then there was something 770 00:47:58,920 --> 00:48:02,440 Speaker 1: called the BMG move which was the banjo mandelin guitar movement, 771 00:48:02,520 --> 00:48:06,799 Speaker 1: which was kind of a marketing things that to help 772 00:48:06,840 --> 00:48:09,319 Speaker 1: sell all these when was that around around the turn 773 00:48:09,320 --> 00:48:12,040 Speaker 1: of the century, and you have you have Gibson had 774 00:48:12,080 --> 00:48:15,719 Speaker 1: mandolin orchestras, and there was a lot of that going on. 775 00:48:15,760 --> 00:48:18,040 Speaker 1: But when Segovia came along in the nineteen twenties, he 776 00:48:18,120 --> 00:48:21,920 Speaker 1: kind of swept away the American side of it and 777 00:48:21,960 --> 00:48:24,239 Speaker 1: replaced it with the kind of the gravitas of the 778 00:48:24,280 --> 00:48:27,920 Speaker 1: Spanish classical guitar. Well, give us, give us an example, 779 00:48:28,680 --> 00:48:32,799 Speaker 1: I mean sego Via. You know it's it's classical in 780 00:48:32,840 --> 00:48:46,520 Speaker 1: that I mean, like Bark it works so well. Was 781 00:48:46,520 --> 00:48:49,319 Speaker 1: that it works so well on guitar? Well, yeah, I 782 00:48:49,320 --> 00:48:52,800 Speaker 1: mean bach Bach wrote that for Loot, so it works 783 00:48:52,800 --> 00:48:55,480 Speaker 1: on guitar. But but here's something to think about, especially 784 00:48:55,560 --> 00:49:05,760 Speaker 1: the second section. I swear Paul got black from chet Atkins. 785 00:49:05,840 --> 00:49:09,760 Speaker 1: Chet Atkins recorded that that particular piece, and Georgia George 786 00:49:09,760 --> 00:49:15,279 Speaker 1: Harrison owned the record chet Atkins in Hi Fi ninety seven. Um, 787 00:49:15,400 --> 00:49:18,600 Speaker 1: So George Harrison's and Paul McCartney. Yes, let's get a 788 00:49:18,600 --> 00:49:23,840 Speaker 1: couple of songs down. Let's see that. I have to 789 00:49:23,920 --> 00:49:27,160 Speaker 1: record this. I don't know if you have another version 790 00:49:27,200 --> 00:49:29,760 Speaker 1: of Little Wing in you, because that was amazing yesterday. 791 00:49:29,800 --> 00:49:33,160 Speaker 1: I'll give you to tunes. I'll do a little Wing, 792 00:49:33,239 --> 00:49:38,080 Speaker 1: but first singing that we were talking Beatles, I'll give 793 00:49:38,080 --> 00:49:41,799 Speaker 1: you a track from my latest CD and I've done. Now. 794 00:49:41,960 --> 00:49:44,960 Speaker 1: This is my third album of Beatle arrangements, really the 795 00:49:45,000 --> 00:49:48,000 Speaker 1: fourth if you include the Wings album. Yeah, but that 796 00:49:48,080 --> 00:49:52,759 Speaker 1: doesn't quite fit in with the Beatles. Thing different. And 797 00:49:52,800 --> 00:49:55,400 Speaker 1: I have to say I love all the Beatles stuff 798 00:49:55,440 --> 00:50:00,520 Speaker 1: you do, but I found this album surprising in some 799 00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:05,480 Speaker 1: of the selection of songs and the arrangements of some 800 00:50:05,640 --> 00:50:08,920 Speaker 1: of them kind of kind of took me a little like, 801 00:50:09,400 --> 00:50:12,480 Speaker 1: that's really interesting. And to some extent this was kind 802 00:50:12,480 --> 00:50:15,480 Speaker 1: of a looser album than some of the others. Um 803 00:50:15,520 --> 00:52:39,640 Speaker 1: but his um, she loves You. That's just fantastic. I 804 00:52:39,680 --> 00:52:41,640 Speaker 1: have to I have to stop this for a second. 805 00:52:42,040 --> 00:52:47,560 Speaker 1: So I had a conversation about you with Derrick Thompson, 806 00:52:47,640 --> 00:52:51,320 Speaker 1: who's an author at the Atlantic who wrote a book 807 00:52:51,480 --> 00:52:55,080 Speaker 1: called How Hits Are Made, and he looked at a 808 00:52:55,120 --> 00:53:00,240 Speaker 1: lot of historical UM trends and hits and how tofferent 809 00:53:00,280 --> 00:53:03,279 Speaker 1: things came about. It was really quite fascinating. And one 810 00:53:03,280 --> 00:53:06,160 Speaker 1: of the things that he talked about was this industrial 811 00:53:06,239 --> 00:53:08,960 Speaker 1: designer in the first half of the twentieth century whose 812 00:53:09,000 --> 00:53:14,360 Speaker 1: name escapes me, but his philosophical insight was called Maya 813 00:53:14,840 --> 00:53:19,279 Speaker 1: most advanced yet acceptable. And what this person did. He's 814 00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:23,560 Speaker 1: the guy who literally designed the standard pencil sharpnry we 815 00:53:23,560 --> 00:53:26,920 Speaker 1: all grew up with, and things like that. You couldn't 816 00:53:26,920 --> 00:53:29,760 Speaker 1: take something too far out into the future because people 817 00:53:30,719 --> 00:53:34,400 Speaker 1: would reject it. It had to be familiar. If you 818 00:53:34,440 --> 00:53:37,320 Speaker 1: wanted to sell something different, he said, make it familiar. 819 00:53:37,760 --> 00:53:39,600 Speaker 1: And if you want to sell something familiar, you had 820 00:53:39,640 --> 00:53:43,440 Speaker 1: to make it a little different. And so so Derek 821 00:53:43,640 --> 00:53:48,120 Speaker 1: describes how this works not only with industrial design, but 822 00:53:48,360 --> 00:53:51,920 Speaker 1: movies and music and and so I bring you up 823 00:53:51,960 --> 00:53:54,920 Speaker 1: as an example of you know, when you hear most 824 00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:58,560 Speaker 1: beatle covers, it's either a note for note reproduction, in 825 00:53:58,600 --> 00:54:03,120 Speaker 1: which case it's worthless, or it's so different that you 826 00:54:03,160 --> 00:54:08,960 Speaker 1: don't even recognize it, with Joe Cocker being the exception, right. 827 00:54:09,280 --> 00:54:14,280 Speaker 1: But he but that stood alone his version of of um, 828 00:54:14,360 --> 00:54:17,160 Speaker 1: I'm trying to remember which cover he did that actually 829 00:54:17,160 --> 00:54:21,160 Speaker 1: worked on on on its own. But when I referenced 830 00:54:21,320 --> 00:54:26,880 Speaker 1: your work, I said, the songs are immediately recognizable melodically 831 00:54:26,920 --> 00:54:31,600 Speaker 1: as each individual Beatles song, and yet they're so different 832 00:54:32,280 --> 00:54:35,480 Speaker 1: that they stand alone. And so it's that that picture, 833 00:54:35,520 --> 00:54:39,520 Speaker 1: the two ven diagrams that overlap of Oh, this is 834 00:54:39,560 --> 00:54:43,240 Speaker 1: something I totally recognize, but it's such a completely fresh 835 00:54:43,280 --> 00:54:46,359 Speaker 1: and different version of it that it makes it really 836 00:54:46,440 --> 00:54:50,399 Speaker 1: quite interesting. And he literally a whole book how hits 837 00:54:50,400 --> 00:54:58,400 Speaker 1: are made. The Beatles music encapsulates that because it's especially 838 00:54:58,480 --> 00:55:01,600 Speaker 1: something like She Loves You, where there are elements of 839 00:55:02,360 --> 00:55:10,760 Speaker 1: tim Panale of Broadway, there are elements of blues, and 840 00:55:11,360 --> 00:55:17,360 Speaker 1: there are elements of even folk, but put together in 841 00:55:17,400 --> 00:55:22,440 Speaker 1: a way that is uniquely them, no doubt about that. 842 00:55:22,800 --> 00:55:28,600 Speaker 1: So it's that absolutely, that's the thing is it's it's familiar. Well, 843 00:55:28,640 --> 00:55:31,720 Speaker 1: that's their work was familiar yet, but I'm talking about 844 00:55:32,800 --> 00:55:36,279 Speaker 1: my version. But but my ability to take that and 845 00:55:36,320 --> 00:55:40,960 Speaker 1: then translate it to the guitar, which and I'm using 846 00:55:41,040 --> 00:55:47,759 Speaker 1: my musicality, my musicianship to do that, then really you know, 847 00:55:48,000 --> 00:55:50,759 Speaker 1: I've got a foundation to build on. And then the 848 00:55:50,800 --> 00:55:54,320 Speaker 1: way that I approached the guitar in terms of working 849 00:55:54,360 --> 00:55:58,000 Speaker 1: to make the melody sing, to make the base interesting, 850 00:55:58,120 --> 00:56:00,640 Speaker 1: and you know, whether it's reproducing what's on the Beetle 851 00:56:00,719 --> 00:56:06,160 Speaker 1: record or some interpretation of that is, it's just it works. 852 00:56:06,520 --> 00:56:08,920 Speaker 1: It seems to work. You know, someone could sit down 853 00:56:09,560 --> 00:56:12,400 Speaker 1: at a piano and play the song and there's who cares. 854 00:56:12,440 --> 00:56:18,560 Speaker 1: There's nothing special there but your versions they're that familiar 855 00:56:18,719 --> 00:56:21,600 Speaker 1: but different enough that apparently apparently I have a voice 856 00:56:21,920 --> 00:56:24,319 Speaker 1: on your guitar, so I think that's part of it, 857 00:56:24,400 --> 00:56:28,600 Speaker 1: to say the least. So you're asking about little wings, 858 00:56:28,640 --> 00:56:30,480 Speaker 1: all right, before you start, I have to get this 859 00:56:30,520 --> 00:56:34,080 Speaker 1: teat up. I'm gonna make you start that over again. Chris. You, 860 00:56:34,320 --> 00:56:36,839 Speaker 1: by the way, you destroyed the room last night, but 861 00:56:36,960 --> 00:56:39,040 Speaker 1: I don't know if you're aware of it. People were. 862 00:56:41,280 --> 00:56:43,759 Speaker 1: So let's let's do a little a little little wing, 863 00:56:43,880 --> 00:56:47,279 Speaker 1: A little little little little wing. Let me put my 864 00:56:47,320 --> 00:56:52,960 Speaker 1: strap on now, agetting serious? Oh yeah, really serious. Pay 865 00:56:53,000 --> 00:56:55,640 Speaker 1: attention to this because his arms on the chair. So 866 00:56:55,719 --> 01:01:38,880 Speaker 1: it's all proof O amazing, Thank you, Lawrence. That that 867 01:01:39,120 --> 01:01:43,600 Speaker 1: is just beyond words. We have been speaking with guitartist 868 01:01:43,680 --> 01:01:48,640 Speaker 1: extraordinarire Lawrence Juber. If you enjoy this conversation. Well before 869 01:01:48,800 --> 01:01:51,480 Speaker 1: I get to that, if you enjoy the music you heard, 870 01:01:52,040 --> 01:01:56,000 Speaker 1: go to Lawrence Duber dot com. There are twenty four 871 01:01:56,160 --> 01:02:00,280 Speaker 1: or five discs available. Is that about right? So I 872 01:02:00,760 --> 01:02:03,919 Speaker 1: count if you're a Beatles fan, you have to get 873 01:02:04,000 --> 01:02:08,200 Speaker 1: all three Beatles albums plus the Wings album, which I 874 01:02:08,240 --> 01:02:11,080 Speaker 1: think the Wings Album reveals songs that I didn't like 875 01:02:11,200 --> 01:02:13,440 Speaker 1: in the seventies and eighties, and I have found a 876 01:02:13,480 --> 01:02:17,400 Speaker 1: newfound uh, I've come upon a newfound respect for them 877 01:02:17,440 --> 01:02:21,080 Speaker 1: having having you reveal different aspects of it. But if 878 01:02:21,120 --> 01:02:25,360 Speaker 1: you are at all a guitar aficionado, a classical music fan, 879 01:02:26,080 --> 01:02:32,080 Speaker 1: Lawrence's original compositions are really a beauty to behold. You 880 01:02:32,080 --> 01:02:36,200 Speaker 1: you played um Guitar Noir last night, which is a 881 01:02:36,240 --> 01:02:41,560 Speaker 1: lovely song. You played Um. I'm trying to remember pH 882 01:02:41,760 --> 01:02:47,840 Speaker 1: not Telegraph Finger, fingerboard Road. His original work is just 883 01:02:48,000 --> 01:02:53,040 Speaker 1: an exposition of uh guitar. I don't even want to 884 01:02:53,040 --> 01:02:58,640 Speaker 1: say prodigy, just just outstanding. There's a reason musicians are 885 01:02:58,680 --> 01:03:02,200 Speaker 1: big fans of his because because of because of his work, 886 01:03:02,480 --> 01:03:06,080 Speaker 1: and and I find his his You know, when my 887 01:03:06,080 --> 01:03:07,560 Speaker 1: my wife and I are in the car and we 888 01:03:07,600 --> 01:03:10,040 Speaker 1: can't agree on what we want to hear we pop 889 01:03:10,040 --> 01:03:12,880 Speaker 1: in one of your discs and everybody's happy. Um So, 890 01:03:13,000 --> 01:03:15,480 Speaker 1: if you enjoyed the music, go to Laune Stupid dot 891 01:03:15,520 --> 01:03:18,240 Speaker 1: com and you could see both his tour dates and 892 01:03:18,440 --> 01:03:21,200 Speaker 1: all the CDs he has for sale. If you enjoy 893 01:03:21,320 --> 01:03:23,320 Speaker 1: this conversation, be sure and look up an inch or 894 01:03:23,360 --> 01:03:26,920 Speaker 1: down an inch on Apple iTunes and you can see 895 01:03:27,480 --> 01:03:30,600 Speaker 1: or Bloomberg dot com or SoundCloud or overcast and you 896 01:03:30,600 --> 01:03:33,200 Speaker 1: could see the other hundred and forty nine or so 897 01:03:33,240 --> 01:03:37,400 Speaker 1: such conversations we've had. We love your comments, feedback and 898 01:03:37,480 --> 01:03:40,640 Speaker 1: suggestions right to us at m IB podcast at Bloomberg 899 01:03:40,680 --> 01:03:43,520 Speaker 1: dot net. I would be remiss if I did not 900 01:03:43,600 --> 01:03:48,800 Speaker 1: thank Taylor Riggs, my producer, and Medina Parwana, my recording 901 01:03:48,880 --> 01:03:55,280 Speaker 1: engineer slash audiologist, who takes my messy recordings and puts 902 01:03:55,320 --> 01:03:59,960 Speaker 1: them all uh in in using her technical production expert 903 01:04:00,000 --> 01:04:03,400 Speaker 1: piece makes it listenable to you. I'm Barry Ridults. You've 904 01:04:03,440 --> 01:04:06,120 Speaker 1: been listening to Masters in Business on Bloomberg Radio.