WEBVTT - Hate Crimes Surge in Wake of Gaza War 0:00:00.120 --> 0:00:03.600 We celebrate in love and we danced. 0:00:03.760 --> 0:00:05.279 Then it was amazing. 0:00:06.080 --> 0:00:08.600 Then the rockets started in gunshots everywhere. 0:00:09.640 --> 0:00:13.120 We managed to escape, but. 0:00:13.000 --> 0:00:14.920 There are a lot of friends that didn't. 0:00:15.280 --> 0:00:17.680 What we will do to our enemies in the coming days, 0:00:17.960 --> 0:00:20.600 will reverberate with them for generations. 0:00:21.239 --> 0:00:30.080 A missile hit in the square and there was rubble 0:00:30.160 --> 0:00:33.519 hitting us. As we were walking. There was glass metal. 0:00:33.960 --> 0:00:35.040 It was like doomsday. 0:00:35.200 --> 0:00:38.280 There are civilians here whom are not our enemy, and 0:00:38.400 --> 0:00:41.240 we do not want to target them. We are asking 0:00:41.280 --> 0:00:42.280 them to evacuate. 0:00:43.200 --> 0:00:46.520 There are fifty people in the house without any food, drink, water, 0:00:46.600 --> 0:00:47.320 or electricity. 0:00:48.280 --> 0:00:50.800 I don't know how we'll provide food for our children. 0:00:51.080 --> 0:00:54.240 War isn't what we're looking for, but war was forced 0:00:54.320 --> 0:00:57.440 upon us by a bloodthirsty terrorist organization. 0:01:03.560 --> 0:01:08.080 On the seventh of October, Hamas attacked Israel. One two 0:01:08.160 --> 0:01:11.240 hundred people were killed and more than two hundred others 0:01:11.319 --> 0:01:15.200 taken to Gaza as hostages. It was the largest loss 0:01:15.200 --> 0:01:19.640 of Jewish life since the Holocaust. Israel's military response was swift. 0:01:20.000 --> 0:01:22.679 At the time of this recording, Gaza's Hamas run government 0:01:22.760 --> 0:01:25.760 says more than fifteen thousand people have been killed there, 0:01:25.920 --> 0:01:29.360 including thousands of children a moment ago. You heard from 0:01:29.400 --> 0:01:31.160 some of those at the heart of this story in 0:01:31.280 --> 0:01:34.520 Israel and in Gaza, but the impact of the conflict 0:01:34.560 --> 0:01:37.399 is being felt far beyond the Middle East, from Cape 0:01:37.440 --> 0:01:40.400 Town to Paris, London and New York. Reports of hate 0:01:40.440 --> 0:01:44.039 crimes have risen dramatically. It's a difficult evolution to measure, 0:01:44.120 --> 0:01:46.600 but our global team of Bloomberg journalists have been collating 0:01:46.640 --> 0:01:49.320 the data, allowing us to build a unique picture of 0:01:49.400 --> 0:01:53.880 rising anti Semitism and anti Arab, anti Muslim sentiment. For 0:01:53.960 --> 0:01:56.840 this special program, we've brought together some of the journalists 0:01:56.880 --> 0:01:59.200 who worked on this project to hear what they found 0:01:59.240 --> 0:02:05.640 out and some of those affected. Let's start in New York, 0:02:05.720 --> 0:02:09.440 and our bureau chief, Katia Poorzakanski is with us for this. Katia, 0:02:09.800 --> 0:02:12.519 what's changed in New York for the Jewish and Muslim 0:02:12.560 --> 0:02:14.520 communities since the seventh of October. 0:02:15.440 --> 0:02:18.560 I'd say New York is on edge. The city is 0:02:18.600 --> 0:02:22.560 a home to the largest Muslim population in the United States, 0:02:22.600 --> 0:02:27.600 but also the largest Jewish population outside of Israel. We've 0:02:27.600 --> 0:02:32.120 had demonstrations in the streets starting the day after the 0:02:32.440 --> 0:02:40.920 attacks in Israel and seemingly haven't stopped it's been a 0:02:41.000 --> 0:02:44.720 constant flow of demonstrations in the streets and on campuses, 0:02:44.800 --> 0:02:47.560 and it's putting all the communities on edge. 0:02:48.160 --> 0:02:48.480 Kati. 0:02:48.560 --> 0:02:50.960 A lot of this discourse has been playing out, as 0:02:50.960 --> 0:02:54.960 you've said, in universities. What is the conversation that's being 0:02:55.040 --> 0:02:58.000 had there? What sorts of things have we been hearing 0:02:58.080 --> 0:03:00.000 from from people attending those universes. 0:03:01.560 --> 0:03:02.120 So in the. 0:03:02.160 --> 0:03:07.520 United States, universities are in large part bound by freedom 0:03:07.520 --> 0:03:10.840 of speech, which means you can say a lot, you 0:03:10.919 --> 0:03:16.000 can protest, of course, you can hold signs, you can 0:03:16.360 --> 0:03:21.160 say hateful things. In large part, universities, however, are also 0:03:21.560 --> 0:03:25.240 bound by the Civil Rights Act. They have to protect 0:03:25.600 --> 0:03:30.959 students from discrimination. So you're having this kind of strange 0:03:31.080 --> 0:03:35.000 situation happening on campuses where the bounds of free speech 0:03:35.000 --> 0:03:38.240 are really being tested, but at the same time administrators 0:03:38.320 --> 0:03:41.440 are being scrutinized to make sure that they're not allowing 0:03:41.480 --> 0:03:45.400 for discriminatory environments. The Anti Defamation League has seen a 0:03:45.440 --> 0:03:49.280 tremendous surge in anti Semitism incidents in the country and 0:03:49.360 --> 0:03:52.280 says a large bulk of them are happening on campuses. 0:03:53.040 --> 0:03:57.280 You have assaults, threats in Cornell University a student was 0:03:57.440 --> 0:04:01.960 arrested for making threats to kill Jews on campus and 0:04:02.080 --> 0:04:06.680 to shoot up the Kosher dining hall. But then you 0:04:06.800 --> 0:04:10.160 also have, you know, the perceived anti Semitism that students 0:04:10.200 --> 0:04:12.680 are feeling, for example, from some of the signs that 0:04:12.760 --> 0:04:15.040 are being held at some of the demonstrations on campus. 0:04:15.840 --> 0:04:18.200 And that's where you get into kind of this gray 0:04:18.279 --> 0:04:20.800 area where one student is saying, look, this is a 0:04:20.880 --> 0:04:24.680 direct threat on my life, and another student I say, 0:04:24.720 --> 0:04:28.880 you're misinterpreting what I'm saying here. I spoke with two 0:04:28.880 --> 0:04:31.279 individuals who are trying to bring the two communities together, 0:04:31.600 --> 0:04:35.560 Rabbi Mark Schneider and Imam shamzi Eli, and they met 0:04:35.600 --> 0:04:39.200 with a Jewish community of students from different schools in 0:04:39.400 --> 0:04:42.039 the New York area, and then they met with a 0:04:42.080 --> 0:04:45.320 community of Muslim leaders similarly from the schools in the area. 0:04:45.920 --> 0:04:48.799 And you know, one of the first things that happened 0:04:48.839 --> 0:04:51.200 in their meeting with the Muslim leaders was the Muslim 0:04:51.240 --> 0:04:54.520 students that we are not pro Hamas, and we are 0:04:54.560 --> 0:04:58.080 being conflated as being pro Hamas. We are trying to 0:04:58.120 --> 0:05:02.760 demonstrate for the city of Gaza that are being killed. 0:05:03.360 --> 0:05:06.240 When you talk to Jewish students. You know, they're saying 0:05:06.680 --> 0:05:10.760 you have signs that are saying from the river to 0:05:10.800 --> 0:05:14.159 the sea, and that is a direct threat for the 0:05:14.160 --> 0:05:17.000 eradication of Israel and a threat on my life potentially. 0:05:17.560 --> 0:05:20.000 So these are the nuances that are appearing. But then 0:05:20.040 --> 0:05:24.040 they're also very blatant acts of hate that are really 0:05:24.080 --> 0:05:25.800 concerning to leaders. 0:05:29.240 --> 0:05:30.760 We'll come back to New York in a moment, but 0:05:30.800 --> 0:05:32.920 I want to go next to Paris and Bloomberg's Jenny 0:05:33.000 --> 0:05:35.839 Chain and France's home to the largest both Jewish and 0:05:35.920 --> 0:05:39.760 Muslim communities in Europe. That's numbers based though on survey evidence, 0:05:39.800 --> 0:05:42.840 because official statistics in France don't include religion due to 0:05:42.880 --> 0:05:45.559 the seculers and principles and trined in French low Jenny, 0:05:45.680 --> 0:05:47.160 I want to talk to you about how much we 0:05:47.240 --> 0:05:51.080 know about how much hate crime has increased in France 0:05:51.320 --> 0:05:52.720 since the seventh of October. 0:05:53.240 --> 0:05:57.160 It's really hard to quantify the change in a number 0:05:57.160 --> 0:05:59.520 of hate crimes in France since the start of the war. 0:06:00.080 --> 0:06:02.960 The French government has been very vocal about the rise 0:06:03.080 --> 0:06:05.800 of the anti Semitic acts in the last few weeks, 0:06:05.800 --> 0:06:09.200 but authorities have not been very good at providing comparative data, 0:06:09.400 --> 0:06:12.479 particularly about the number of acts totaling Muslims in the 0:06:12.520 --> 0:06:16.760 same period, and you have seen the government is taking 0:06:17.040 --> 0:06:21.320 a different approach to these two different communities. There was 0:06:21.560 --> 0:06:26.640 a cross country march against Scientism held earlier in November 0:06:26.960 --> 0:06:32.400 that drew one hundred and eighty thousand people and several 0:06:32.440 --> 0:06:35.600 government officials, including the Prime Minister, Elizabeth Won. 0:06:36.640 --> 0:06:39.520 Obviously, it was important for me to be here with 0:06:39.640 --> 0:06:42.960 my government to say that France must protect all of 0:06:42.960 --> 0:06:46.240 its citizens who may be worried because of their origins, 0:06:46.320 --> 0:06:50.120 all their religion. The government and all ministers want to 0:06:50.160 --> 0:06:53.200 say to all our fellow citizens of the Jewish faith 0:06:53.600 --> 0:06:57.200 that we are at their sides, we are alert, and 0:06:57.240 --> 0:06:59.680 we will not let anything pass us by. 0:07:01.080 --> 0:07:03.760 On the other hand, a few days after the war, 0:07:04.160 --> 0:07:07.120 the government tried to issue a blanket ban on pro 0:07:07.160 --> 0:07:10.840 Palestinian demonstrations. Later a court rule that it was up 0:07:10.920 --> 0:07:14.080 to regional authorities to decide on a case by case basis. 0:07:14.240 --> 0:07:17.240 But we're seeing this uneven data in this different approach 0:07:17.280 --> 0:07:19.640 to the communities, and that's it's made it hard to 0:07:19.720 --> 0:07:23.120 track the difference in acts targeting Jewish people here and 0:07:23.200 --> 0:07:24.080 Muslim people here. 0:07:24.680 --> 0:07:28.000 France has seen several high profile anti Semitic attacks in 0:07:28.080 --> 0:07:31.080 recent years, the attacks on a Jewish school and Toulose 0:07:31.120 --> 0:07:34.880 in twenty twelve, the supermarket attack in twenty fifteen as well. 0:07:35.440 --> 0:07:40.680 How have the community been responding to this latest rise 0:07:40.680 --> 0:07:41.760 in anti Semitism? 0:07:42.080 --> 0:07:46.000 So the government has given numbers on Antisemitic acts since 0:07:46.040 --> 0:07:47.680 the start of the war, and there have been more 0:07:47.680 --> 0:07:51.000 than fifteen hundred and that's more than three times all 0:07:51.080 --> 0:07:53.720 of two thousand and two. But it's partial data, so 0:07:53.720 --> 0:07:56.880 they haven't produced data on anti Muslim acts. But the 0:07:56.960 --> 0:07:59.320 result has been that there is more concern within the 0:07:59.400 --> 0:08:03.840 Jewish community and Juna dan Ashi, the president of Kreef, 0:08:03.840 --> 0:08:06.680 which is an umbrella organization for Jewish groups in the country, 0:08:07.000 --> 0:08:09.120 said that some Jewish people have changed their day to 0:08:09.200 --> 0:08:12.680 day behaviors and that may include a notably kind of 0:08:13.320 --> 0:08:17.120 removing outward religious symbols such as taking the star of 0:08:17.160 --> 0:08:20.520 David Arthur Nicholas or changing their names to a lesser 0:08:20.600 --> 0:08:23.200 Jewish stunding name when they're putting in in order on 0:08:23.240 --> 0:08:24.560 food delivery apps. 0:08:27.480 --> 0:08:29.760 Let's go to South Africa next. Michael Cohne is our 0:08:29.800 --> 0:08:32.640 South Africa government reporter in Cape Town, of course, Michael. 0:08:32.720 --> 0:08:35.240 The history of racial division as well known as South Africa. 0:08:35.280 --> 0:08:37.680 But this is a conflict that's created a very different 0:08:37.800 --> 0:08:41.600 kind of schism. The government's position on the Israel Hamas War. 0:08:42.120 --> 0:08:44.600 How is that effect during the Jewish community there. 0:08:45.040 --> 0:08:47.640 Traditionally relationships between the Jewish community and the government have 0:08:47.720 --> 0:08:51.400 been pretty cordial. We've seen the Rebbils being invited to 0:08:51.520 --> 0:08:54.200 speak at major nationally ben So, You've seen the president 0:08:54.240 --> 0:08:56.800 going to the synagogue and so on. Since startbreak of 0:08:56.840 --> 0:08:59.920 the war, the relationship has really gone down the tube, 0:09:00.200 --> 0:09:03.720 and the Jewish community is really really unhappy about the 0:09:03.760 --> 0:09:06.360 position that the government has taken of Africa. Is one 0:09:06.400 --> 0:09:09.400 of five Developing Nathans that's called on the Criminal Court 0:09:09.400 --> 0:09:12.840 to investigate where the Israeli authorities are guilty of war crimes. 0:09:13.000 --> 0:09:16.040 They are really very disappointed at the government's failure to 0:09:16.080 --> 0:09:18.560 express their sympathies about all the people that were killed 0:09:18.559 --> 0:09:22.200 in southern Israel. The relationship really is at an all 0:09:22.280 --> 0:09:25.000 time and low. Incidance of anti Semitism here I've also 0:09:25.240 --> 0:09:28.800 spiked We've seen a number of protests on a weekly basis. 0:09:28.840 --> 0:09:32.000 We've seen protests from both sides. The situation really is 0:09:32.040 --> 0:09:33.200 at its lowest ever. 0:09:33.720 --> 0:09:35.440 Michael I wanted to bring in one of the interviews 0:09:35.440 --> 0:09:38.760 that our team has conducted for this piece. Karen Milner 0:09:38.800 --> 0:09:41.199 is the national chairperson of the South African Jewish Board 0:09:41.240 --> 0:09:43.319 of Deputies. Let's take a listen to what she has 0:09:43.360 --> 0:09:43.960 to say about this. 0:09:44.400 --> 0:09:47.800 And we've seen over eighty incidentss of antisemitism in the 0:09:47.880 --> 0:09:51.720 last month, and the severity of those. 0:09:51.640 --> 0:09:53.040 Are much much worse. 0:09:53.160 --> 0:09:55.880 We've seen a rabbi who was a TechEd in his car, 0:09:56.440 --> 0:09:58.439 there was an attempt to drive him to put him 0:09:58.440 --> 0:10:01.600 off the road that he was subject to gross into 0:10:01.679 --> 0:10:03.240 Semitic abuse, and there was an. 0:10:03.120 --> 0:10:04.360 Attempt to raim his car. 0:10:04.840 --> 0:10:07.640 So that's one example of the level of fun and 0:10:07.760 --> 0:10:10.400 anti Semitism that we're starting to see unfortunately. 0:10:10.960 --> 0:10:13.920 So that's Karen Milner from the South African Jewish Board 0:10:14.120 --> 0:10:17.120 of Deputies. We've also been speaking to Roshan Dado, who's 0:10:17.160 --> 0:10:22.199 the coordinator of the South African Boycott, Devestment and Sanctions Coalition. 0:10:22.559 --> 0:10:24.880 Let's take a listen to her position. 0:10:25.520 --> 0:10:26.400 Well, I would. 0:10:26.240 --> 0:10:28.680 Question the fact that there's been a search of anti 0:10:28.720 --> 0:10:32.640 semitism because again, I think people who are opposing what 0:10:32.760 --> 0:10:37.559 the States of Israel is doing opposing this genocide and desigonists. 0:10:37.800 --> 0:10:39.880 It's against designs projects. 0:10:42.080 --> 0:10:44.040 Of course, that's a very strong language that some people 0:10:44.040 --> 0:10:46.880 would find offensive, and Jewish people would in d say 0:10:46.920 --> 0:10:50.080 is representative of the sentiment that they're experiencing in many 0:10:50.080 --> 0:10:53.760 parts of the world as well. Michael, how complex is 0:10:53.800 --> 0:10:56.960 this relationship in terms of its evolution and how we 0:10:57.200 --> 0:11:00.840 can consider how serious this increase in anti sim incidents 0:11:00.840 --> 0:11:01.199 has been. 0:11:02.960 --> 0:11:06.200 The Jewish community is a really very small component of 0:11:06.240 --> 0:11:09.760 the population, less than zero point one percent, but they 0:11:09.760 --> 0:11:13.120 have quite a prominent role in the legal fraternity, in 0:11:13.240 --> 0:11:16.640 business and so on. I think it's a really tricky 0:11:16.640 --> 0:11:19.200 time for the Jewish community here. We've seen leaders saying 0:11:19.200 --> 0:11:21.760 that the government is not standing up for them and 0:11:21.840 --> 0:11:25.520 that they're really concerned about their future here. Most of 0:11:25.559 --> 0:11:28.280 the protests that we've seen have been recently peaceful. We 0:11:28.360 --> 0:11:31.400 had one pro Israel protest that was broken up by 0:11:31.440 --> 0:11:35.600 some pro Palestine supporters and four people were arrested. I 0:11:35.640 --> 0:11:39.640 think there are concerns that things could spiral out of control. 0:11:40.080 --> 0:11:43.400 Of course, the Muslim community in South Africa is much larger. 0:11:43.559 --> 0:11:47.040 The country home to almost a million Muslims. Have there 0:11:47.120 --> 0:11:50.160 been a rise in incidents of Islamophobia as well. 0:11:50.520 --> 0:11:53.480 I haven't picked that up in any meaningful way. I 0:11:53.480 --> 0:11:56.200 think partly because the Jewish community is so small. But 0:11:56.200 --> 0:11:58.800 there'll be no incident of anything in that direction. I mean, 0:11:58.840 --> 0:12:02.840 we've seen security at schools and synagogues being intensified. I 0:12:02.880 --> 0:12:05.400 don't think them get Muslim schools and mosques. 0:12:11.000 --> 0:12:13.000 Okay, let's come back to London next. Our reporter aim 0:12:13.080 --> 0:12:15.840 and Firehat is here with me now. London, aiming like 0:12:15.880 --> 0:12:18.439 New York, is somewhere where there is a significant amount 0:12:18.520 --> 0:12:21.800 of data that can help us to understand what's happened 0:12:21.800 --> 0:12:24.800 since the seventh of October. What numbers are available first 0:12:24.800 --> 0:12:26.560 of all, and what have they told us about the trend? 0:12:26.760 --> 0:12:29.400 So according to the Metropolisan Police, on average is about 0:12:29.440 --> 0:12:32.240 sixty cases of ant Semitic crimes in London every month, 0:12:32.679 --> 0:12:34.600 but in October, just after the attack, there have been 0:12:34.600 --> 0:12:37.160 five hundred and thirty three. That's almost nine times more 0:12:37.160 --> 0:12:39.760 than usual. And for ssymophobic attacks it's the same thing. 0:12:39.920 --> 0:12:42.280 It's about two to three times as much as the norm. 0:12:42.480 --> 0:12:44.760 So definitely been a huge surge of it. It's also 0:12:44.800 --> 0:12:46.160 what we hear we talk to people in the street. 0:12:46.559 --> 0:12:49.920 I spoke to different community leaders. I spoke to rabbiosmams 0:12:49.960 --> 0:12:52.240 and they're saying that tensions are very, very high. You know, 0:12:52.320 --> 0:12:58.160 we've had mass protests on the street basically every Saturday, 0:12:58.280 --> 0:13:01.120 and this culminated in the eleventh of November. We had 0:13:01.200 --> 0:13:03.400 this big protest that kind of came to clash with 0:13:03.440 --> 0:13:05.320 some far right groups. So the eleventh of November is 0:13:05.320 --> 0:13:09.000 remembering today in the UK, remembering the fallen soldiers across 0:13:09.040 --> 0:13:11.360 different wars, but specifically for World War One, and lots 0:13:11.360 --> 0:13:13.280 of people from the far right decided to call on 0:13:13.320 --> 0:13:15.760 their supporters that conduct to London to protect the monuments 0:13:18.559 --> 0:13:20.720 and this did cause some clashes with the police. Eighteenth 0:13:20.720 --> 0:13:23.560 police officers I think were injured, lots of violence there. 0:13:23.760 --> 0:13:26.280 The protesters were mostly peaceful, but there is a lot 0:13:26.320 --> 0:13:27.200 of tension around this. 0:13:29.600 --> 0:13:32.920 One of the interviews that you have conducted around this issue, 0:13:32.960 --> 0:13:36.240 Merian Berger, is the senior rabbi of the Finchally Reformed Synagogue, 0:13:36.240 --> 0:13:39.080 and you spoke to her just before that demonstration in London. 0:13:39.760 --> 0:13:42.720 I think it's a really difficult time to feel safe after. 0:13:42.640 --> 0:13:45.000 June in London. 0:13:45.080 --> 0:13:48.000 At the moment, I don't think that cancelling the rally 0:13:48.040 --> 0:13:50.760 would have been something that would have made us feel safer. 0:13:50.800 --> 0:13:53.920 It would have potentially made more people more committed to 0:13:53.960 --> 0:13:57.880 doing something that you know, this way comes under the 0:13:57.920 --> 0:14:00.720 auspices of the police to be able to patrol, to 0:14:00.760 --> 0:14:04.560 be able to work in dialogue with the organizers, and 0:14:04.600 --> 0:14:06.640 to be able to be in dialogue with the Jewish 0:14:06.640 --> 0:14:09.360 community to say how can we help them make you 0:14:09.400 --> 0:14:12.400 feel safe at this time. So, you know, I think 0:14:12.440 --> 0:14:14.920 everyone's doing what they can do and hoping for the 0:14:15.000 --> 0:14:19.160 bests that extremists don't win out. But actually the nuance 0:14:19.240 --> 0:14:21.080 and moderate voice is the one that we hear going 0:14:21.120 --> 0:14:23.280 forward and the one that's able to bring people together. 0:14:25.800 --> 0:14:27.920 And it was the question of policing that was central 0:14:28.000 --> 0:14:31.840 to the political debate around that particular protest. Is there 0:14:31.840 --> 0:14:34.840 a sense that authorities have moved on from that response? Now, 0:14:35.160 --> 0:14:37.480 how are they approaching this issue given the rise and 0:14:37.560 --> 0:14:38.960 incidances that you've told us about. 0:14:39.440 --> 0:14:41.800 You exactly right, politicians, some call for these marches to 0:14:41.840 --> 0:14:43.280 be banned. At the end of the day, the met 0:14:43.280 --> 0:14:45.320 police they have you know, plans in place to keep 0:14:45.360 --> 0:14:47.280 people safe and all that, and when you talk to 0:14:47.320 --> 0:14:49.560 the different community groups, whether it is you know, Miriam 0:14:49.720 --> 0:14:51.560 who you just had the clip there, or to different 0:14:51.560 --> 0:14:52.560 people in the Muslim community. 0:14:52.640 --> 0:14:52.800 They do. 0:14:52.800 --> 0:14:54.440 You see that they are working constantly with the police 0:14:54.440 --> 0:14:56.320 to make sure the people are safe on public transport 0:14:56.480 --> 0:14:58.480 and these marches, and most of the time it works 0:14:58.520 --> 0:15:00.360 very well. You know, that has been quite a positive message. 0:15:00.480 --> 0:15:02.920 And Sidi Khan, who's a mayor of London, he's also 0:15:02.960 --> 0:15:05.360 really put an emphasis on this kind of bringing communities together. 0:15:05.680 --> 0:15:07.560 You know, at the remembrant service for this that was 0:15:07.640 --> 0:15:09.720 just before this march, he had a multi faith element 0:15:09.800 --> 0:15:12.160 where he had people from different communities giving prayers and 0:15:12.200 --> 0:15:14.320 he really really tries to get people to work together 0:15:14.360 --> 0:15:16.800 on this issue and really not talk about the divisive 0:15:16.840 --> 0:15:18.320 topics but more bring people together. 0:15:20.000 --> 0:15:21.840 Let's take a listen to some of that interview with Citi. 0:15:22.000 --> 0:15:25.880 Can you know these things have happened in the past. 0:15:26.480 --> 0:15:28.040 This is the worst I've known it. I used to 0:15:28.040 --> 0:15:30.760 be a communities minister in two thousand and nine when 0:15:31.160 --> 0:15:34.880 Israel was involved in a military altercation with Gaza. I 0:15:34.880 --> 0:15:37.160 think to Selle's really serving to the middle of January 0:15:37.600 --> 0:15:39.280 and I remember then as a community of minister the 0:15:39.320 --> 0:15:41.920 impact of communities across the country. But this is worse 0:15:41.960 --> 0:15:46.920 than that. 0:15:44.520 --> 0:15:47.000 That was the Mayor of London City can there aim 0:15:47.000 --> 0:15:50.160 And I wonder when we look at the response from authorities, 0:15:50.160 --> 0:15:53.040 from the likes of Citi can as well. Does this 0:15:53.120 --> 0:15:56.320 give the communities in London a sense of safety in 0:15:56.360 --> 0:15:59.240 somewhere where we have seen the rise and incense like these. 0:15:59.720 --> 0:16:01.920 I mean, right now, safety is not worth that most 0:16:01.920 --> 0:16:04.240 people talk about. I mean people do feel unsafe, you know, 0:16:04.320 --> 0:16:06.120 at the moment. I think a lot of people say 0:16:06.120 --> 0:16:08.160 that as this war goes on, if this will continuees 0:16:08.200 --> 0:16:11.360 for however long these tensions will continue. There is a 0:16:11.400 --> 0:16:13.840 realization that London is a good place for different communities 0:16:13.840 --> 0:16:16.120 and eventually things will get better. But right now people 0:16:16.160 --> 0:16:17.040 do not feel safe. 0:16:19.080 --> 0:16:21.560 But let's go back to Paris and our reporter Jenny Chay. 0:16:21.800 --> 0:16:24.640 We talked earlier about the French government's attempt to ban 0:16:24.840 --> 0:16:28.000 some of these demonstrations and the subsequent legal cases that 0:16:28.040 --> 0:16:30.160 came around. Is there a sense the French government has 0:16:30.200 --> 0:16:32.760 come with a coherent response to this problem. 0:16:33.200 --> 0:16:36.040 I'm not sure they have. I spoke to Abdella Zecre, 0:16:36.200 --> 0:16:39.160 president of the French Council of the Muslim Bates Observatory, 0:16:39.160 --> 0:16:41.680 on Islamophobia, and you told me that it would have 0:16:41.680 --> 0:16:44.080 been better to have a march for peace, because when 0:16:44.080 --> 0:16:47.960 you have government officials, of course, joining a march against antisemitism, 0:16:48.120 --> 0:16:50.720 it can leave the impression that the government is mainly 0:16:50.800 --> 0:16:54.240 supporting Israel, and some people in the Muslim community might 0:16:54.280 --> 0:16:57.720 feel alienated. At the same time, the government has also 0:16:57.960 --> 0:17:00.760 not really been able to provide coherent data on the exacts. 0:17:01.440 --> 0:17:03.680 I mean, they're obviously speaking a lot about the rise 0:17:03.680 --> 0:17:06.960 of anti Semitic acts since the war, but the fact 0:17:07.000 --> 0:17:09.840 that they haven't given comparative data for acts against Muslims 0:17:09.880 --> 0:17:13.320 over the same period it raises questions about the kind 0:17:13.320 --> 0:17:15.320 of data that is being compiled and whether it's being 0:17:15.359 --> 0:17:17.480 compiled in a way that makes it easy to analyze 0:17:17.840 --> 0:17:21.200 so that the country can track these racists and discriminatory 0:17:21.200 --> 0:17:24.240 acts during times of conflict, but also during normal times. 0:17:27.920 --> 0:17:31.480 Katia Poisikanski in New York, you talked to through the 0:17:31.520 --> 0:17:34.840 debates that are happening in universities, the demonstrations that are 0:17:34.880 --> 0:17:38.120 happening in the streets of New York City are communities 0:17:38.200 --> 0:17:41.760 both Jewish and Muslim, feeling comforted by the actions taken 0:17:41.800 --> 0:17:43.240 by authorities. 0:17:43.160 --> 0:17:47.159 In terms of school authorities. No, I think everyone is 0:17:47.200 --> 0:17:50.440 displeased on both sides. The Department of Education has now 0:17:50.480 --> 0:17:54.400 opened seven investigations into schools in the United States. Three 0:17:54.440 --> 0:17:56.840 of those schools are in New York for discrimination, so 0:17:56.880 --> 0:17:59.400 the pressure is on for them to kind of get 0:17:59.400 --> 0:18:03.840 the situation under control, but both sides are disappointed. For example, 0:18:03.880 --> 0:18:08.200 in Columbia University, they suspended temporarily two of the pro 0:18:08.240 --> 0:18:12.040 Palestinian student groups for repeated violations when it comes to 0:18:12.119 --> 0:18:15.800 their demonstrations, including one that proceeded against the rules that 0:18:15.840 --> 0:18:19.400 included intimidation. But by shutting down those groups, they've now 0:18:19.440 --> 0:18:22.240 spurred all sorts of accusations of shutting down free speech, 0:18:22.600 --> 0:18:26.600 chilling criticism of Israel, and faculty and students have written 0:18:26.600 --> 0:18:29.800 in protest against the school for doing that. From the 0:18:29.880 --> 0:18:33.160 Jewish community, they want to see more action taking place. 0:18:33.200 --> 0:18:37.440 They want to see quicker responses to acts of anti Semitism. 0:18:37.520 --> 0:18:40.399 A few students at Columbia University gave press conference a 0:18:40.440 --> 0:18:43.280 few weeks ago about anti Semitism that they've faced at 0:18:43.280 --> 0:18:47.000 the school and how there has been an unsatisfying response 0:18:47.400 --> 0:18:50.640 from administrators to investigate those accusations. 0:18:51.320 --> 0:18:53.639 My Jewish sisters and brothers and I are on the 0:18:53.680 --> 0:18:58.439 receiving end of death threats from our peers. Undergraduates who 0:18:58.480 --> 0:19:01.320 have filed reports about these intents have been left with 0:19:01.359 --> 0:19:05.399 no emotional support, no feedback, and no consequences for the 0:19:05.400 --> 0:19:08.800 perpetrators of these hateful actions. As a result of this 0:19:08.880 --> 0:19:11.720 in action, there are Jewish students who do not feel 0:19:11.720 --> 0:19:14.800 physically safe on campus. 0:19:16.040 --> 0:19:19.119 At Cooper Union, several students came out and said they 0:19:19.160 --> 0:19:21.520 felt completely unsupported by the school. When there was a 0:19:21.600 --> 0:19:25.040 protest that got intimidating and there was some students that 0:19:25.320 --> 0:19:29.040 entered a library. There were some Jewish, visibly Jewish students 0:19:29.480 --> 0:19:34.320 in the library behind a glass wall and the protesters 0:19:34.320 --> 0:19:38.280 were banging on the wall. That was a very intimidating 0:19:38.440 --> 0:19:41.439 moment for those students. So there was a lot of 0:19:41.440 --> 0:19:44.159 scrutiny on that event, like what happened? Did the school 0:19:44.400 --> 0:19:48.000 not have control over that protest? So there's an investigation 0:19:48.040 --> 0:19:51.280 there too, So that is something that administrators are currently 0:19:51.320 --> 0:19:55.560 grappling with. There's also been a tremendous scrutiny from alums, donors, 0:19:56.040 --> 0:20:01.600 and employers. We reported about a list of dozens and 0:20:01.680 --> 0:20:06.200 dozens of law firms that wrote to the top law 0:20:06.240 --> 0:20:09.680 schools in the country, saying you have to do more 0:20:09.760 --> 0:20:13.680 to protect against anti Semitism on your campuses with kind 0:20:13.680 --> 0:20:16.240 of you know, a veiled threat there. If you don't know, 0:20:16.320 --> 0:20:18.760 we're going to be thinking twice about hiring from your schools. 0:20:18.920 --> 0:20:21.360 Indicative of some of the high profile attentions that's being 0:20:21.400 --> 0:20:24.080 paid to this issue in New York Michael Cohen and 0:20:24.119 --> 0:20:27.320 Cape Town. Is there a sense that that same attention 0:20:27.480 --> 0:20:29.440 is being paid to this issue where you are. 0:20:29.960 --> 0:20:31.960 I think there have been recent attempts by the government 0:20:32.000 --> 0:20:34.639 to kind of cool things down, But we had a 0:20:34.680 --> 0:20:37.080 prison sam up of the writer a weekly letter to 0:20:37.160 --> 0:20:39.480 the nation in which you was saying there's no place 0:20:39.520 --> 0:20:42.840 for violence or threats or threats of violence against those 0:20:42.920 --> 0:20:46.880 who hold country reviews, that South Africa's painful history must 0:20:46.880 --> 0:20:51.080 be a reminder about the cost of a divided society. 0:20:51.520 --> 0:20:54.840 And there have been meetings between Jewish organizations and the government, 0:20:55.040 --> 0:20:58.000 but at the same time, the government's actions are clearly 0:20:58.760 --> 0:21:03.439 reiterating its extremely pro Palestinian and anti Israel stant I 0:21:03.480 --> 0:21:06.600 don't think while the Judicia organizations that said they appreciate 0:21:06.640 --> 0:21:08.320 that the meetings with the government and so on, and 0:21:08.400 --> 0:21:11.159 don't they through the authorities are taking any kind of 0:21:11.400 --> 0:21:14.920 steps to defuse the situation in a way, and they're 0:21:14.920 --> 0:21:17.720 still really unhappy at the stunts of the government to take. 0:21:21.440 --> 0:21:23.440 Okay, I want to come back here to London and 0:21:23.680 --> 0:21:26.159