1 00:00:09,440 --> 00:00:13,520 Speaker 1: From Mediators World News Headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is 2 00:00:13,720 --> 00:00:18,080 Speaker 1: Kel's we Can review with Ryan kel Kelly. Now here's 3 00:00:18,120 --> 00:00:24,000 Speaker 1: kel failure to launch a problem that affects recently hatched 4 00:00:24,079 --> 00:00:27,319 Speaker 1: birds forced out of the nest by their parents, as 5 00:00:27,320 --> 00:00:30,320 Speaker 1: well as a two thousand six movies starring Matthew McConaughey 6 00:00:30,360 --> 00:00:33,839 Speaker 1: and Sarah Jessica Parker. Although both of these phenomenon are 7 00:00:33,880 --> 00:00:36,640 Speaker 1: extremely painful, here on the show, we're not going to 8 00:00:36,720 --> 00:00:40,080 Speaker 1: focus on the film that currently has a fresh rating 9 00:00:40,080 --> 00:00:46,040 Speaker 1: on rotten tomatoes. Alright, alright, alright. Scientists have long studied 10 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:49,839 Speaker 1: why certain species of songbirds evict their offspring from the 11 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:53,880 Speaker 1: nest so young. Many of these fledglings are pushed out 12 00:00:53,920 --> 00:00:58,560 Speaker 1: before they can fly, and these unlucky individuals almost always 13 00:00:58,680 --> 00:01:02,920 Speaker 1: die of exposure or eaten by predators. How could any 14 00:01:02,920 --> 00:01:07,640 Speaker 1: parent be so cold hearted and what evolutionary benefit could 15 00:01:07,680 --> 00:01:12,520 Speaker 1: this behavior possibly confer? These parent birds are essentially condemning 16 00:01:12,600 --> 00:01:15,560 Speaker 1: some of their chicks to death. This is the mystery 17 00:01:15,600 --> 00:01:18,360 Speaker 1: that to scientists at the University of Illinois decided to 18 00:01:18,360 --> 00:01:21,360 Speaker 1: get to the bottom of. Todd Jones and Mike Award 19 00:01:21,640 --> 00:01:23,919 Speaker 1: knew they would need a lot of data to analyze 20 00:01:23,959 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: this behavior across songbird populations, and so they recruited scientists, 21 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:31,720 Speaker 1: graduate students, and field technicians all over the country to 22 00:01:31,760 --> 00:01:36,320 Speaker 1: help them. This army of observers recorded how often songbirds 23 00:01:36,400 --> 00:01:39,560 Speaker 1: forced chicks out of the nest and what the survival 24 00:01:39,640 --> 00:01:43,760 Speaker 1: rate was for all offspring, whether they were evicted or not. 25 00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:48,880 Speaker 1: By analyzing all of this data, the evolutionary benefit became clear. 26 00:01:49,400 --> 00:01:54,240 Speaker 1: According to the research, six of songbird species pushed their 27 00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:56,520 Speaker 1: chicks out of the nest before all of them could 28 00:01:56,560 --> 00:02:00,400 Speaker 1: survive on their own. They showed that this decreased odds 29 00:02:00,400 --> 00:02:05,080 Speaker 1: of survival of any individual chick by thirteen point six percent, 30 00:02:05,800 --> 00:02:09,480 Speaker 1: and this is the key. Despite the fact that individual 31 00:02:09,600 --> 00:02:12,960 Speaker 1: chicks were less likely to survive, the odds that at 32 00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:17,839 Speaker 1: least one chick would survive went up by four This 33 00:02:17,919 --> 00:02:22,160 Speaker 1: is because the nests themselves are vulnerable to predation, especially 34 00:02:22,160 --> 00:02:25,279 Speaker 1: when they're on the ground. If a cat, a skunk, 35 00:02:25,280 --> 00:02:28,280 Speaker 1: a fox, bird of prey, or some other hungry intruder 36 00:02:28,320 --> 00:02:31,000 Speaker 1: wipes out the whole nest, then none of the offspring 37 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:35,560 Speaker 1: will survive. These songbirds play the odds better to lose 38 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:38,600 Speaker 1: one or two chicks. Some of the time than risk 39 00:02:38,680 --> 00:02:42,079 Speaker 1: the possibility that all your chicks get eaten all at once. 40 00:02:42,880 --> 00:02:46,000 Speaker 1: Jones and Ward were able to train cameras on several nests. 41 00:02:46,320 --> 00:02:49,040 Speaker 1: One of their videos shows this gamble in real time. 42 00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:52,760 Speaker 1: Less than a minute after a motherbird pushes her young 43 00:02:52,840 --> 00:02:56,040 Speaker 1: out of the nest with surprising roughness, the head of 44 00:02:56,040 --> 00:03:00,560 Speaker 1: a snake appears in the frame, sniffing that same warm, 45 00:03:00,760 --> 00:03:04,200 Speaker 1: little cozy nest where the vulnerable chicks had just been. 46 00:03:04,919 --> 00:03:07,400 Speaker 1: We often discussed the need to think about wildlife on 47 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:11,720 Speaker 1: scale of populations, rather than always thinking about individual animals. 48 00:03:12,080 --> 00:03:15,360 Speaker 1: For example, opponents of hunting might focus on the death 49 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:18,799 Speaker 1: of one particular bear and not consider what's best for 50 00:03:18,840 --> 00:03:22,080 Speaker 1: an entire population of bears and how bear numbers might 51 00:03:22,160 --> 00:03:26,840 Speaker 1: affect all the other animals in that ecosystem. In this case, 52 00:03:27,120 --> 00:03:30,640 Speaker 1: it seems that songbirds may be hardwired to think on 53 00:03:30,760 --> 00:03:33,680 Speaker 1: this larger scale too. Pushing their kids out of the 54 00:03:33,720 --> 00:03:37,000 Speaker 1: nest gives the best chance to the largest number of offspring, 55 00:03:37,200 --> 00:03:40,640 Speaker 1: which is how their genetic material survives in a harsh world. 56 00:03:41,160 --> 00:03:45,960 Speaker 1: This is survival by numbers. You overwhelm your predators with 57 00:03:46,040 --> 00:03:49,640 Speaker 1: your offspring. I will tell you that focusing on acute 58 00:03:49,680 --> 00:03:55,920 Speaker 1: spotted individual is incredibly easy and incredibly tempting. As a 59 00:03:56,040 --> 00:03:58,800 Speaker 1: quick leave behind example, I'll give you a short story 60 00:03:59,360 --> 00:04:01,800 Speaker 1: has taken a rand on a mushroom hunt. While on 61 00:04:01,840 --> 00:04:05,040 Speaker 1: the return leg of our mushroom loop, we came across 62 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:08,800 Speaker 1: an elk calf curled up by itself. Not another elk 63 00:04:08,840 --> 00:04:11,840 Speaker 1: around in this big burn area we were hiking through. 64 00:04:12,320 --> 00:04:15,200 Speaker 1: This calf stuck out like a sore thumb, like a 65 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:20,080 Speaker 1: glowing red in the black earth. My friend was confused 66 00:04:20,080 --> 00:04:22,800 Speaker 1: as to why the calf was by itself. I explained, 67 00:04:22,839 --> 00:04:25,760 Speaker 1: that's just how it works. Mom leaves the calf only 68 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:29,480 Speaker 1: defended by its spotted camouflage periodically while she makes the 69 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:33,600 Speaker 1: likely short trek to water or better forage. I then 70 00:04:33,680 --> 00:04:36,320 Speaker 1: went on to explain that the number one elk predator 71 00:04:36,400 --> 00:04:39,760 Speaker 1: in that area was the black bear. During the spring, 72 00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:42,440 Speaker 1: bears will roam until they find the scent of a 73 00:04:42,440 --> 00:04:46,560 Speaker 1: calf an attempt to track it down. The response was, oh, 74 00:04:46,600 --> 00:04:50,680 Speaker 1: my god, we have to save the elk. I asked, well, 75 00:04:51,040 --> 00:04:54,960 Speaker 1: what if saving the elk kills the bear? Oh yes, 76 00:04:55,320 --> 00:04:58,960 Speaker 1: I'm rumbly and my humbly. This week we've got North 77 00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:02,960 Speaker 1: Dakota geese trail cameras and so much more. But first 78 00:05:02,960 --> 00:05:06,960 Speaker 1: I'm gonna tell you about my week. In My week 79 00:05:07,240 --> 00:05:10,160 Speaker 1: as well as this podcast, as everyone knows, is sponsored 80 00:05:10,200 --> 00:05:13,599 Speaker 1: by Steel Power Equipment. I am going to see about 81 00:05:13,640 --> 00:05:16,200 Speaker 1: getting the folks at Steel to start working on a 82 00:05:16,200 --> 00:05:19,159 Speaker 1: goose and duck plucker to add to their line of saws, 83 00:05:19,240 --> 00:05:23,400 Speaker 1: snips and trimmers. That sure helped me. Ah. Let's see, 84 00:05:23,680 --> 00:05:26,760 Speaker 1: I got a new niece out of the Christmas season, Georgia, 85 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:30,080 Speaker 1: Well done, Courtney and map. I got some time in 86 00:05:30,520 --> 00:05:34,440 Speaker 1: with my beloved grandmother, who is nine or ninety four 87 00:05:34,480 --> 00:05:38,680 Speaker 1: at this point and really really excited about getting the 88 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:42,560 Speaker 1: COVID vaccine whenever that becomes available to her. I believe 89 00:05:42,640 --> 00:05:46,080 Speaker 1: she's also looking forward to New Year's to see what 90 00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:48,919 Speaker 1: that's like. Let that be a lesson to you that 91 00:05:49,040 --> 00:05:52,599 Speaker 1: lady doesn't quit. Dan Marino should die of GNA rhea 92 00:05:52,760 --> 00:05:56,680 Speaker 1: and rotting hell, would you like a cookie? Son? She 93 00:05:56,880 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: and her brother Doug took a whole plucked Google from me, 94 00:06:01,080 --> 00:06:04,320 Speaker 1: and while saying thank you, laid on just enough guilt 95 00:06:04,360 --> 00:06:06,680 Speaker 1: about not keeping the livers to let me know they 96 00:06:06,680 --> 00:06:10,680 Speaker 1: aren't slipping. I've been absolutely glued to the news beat 97 00:06:11,080 --> 00:06:16,280 Speaker 1: not unusual fun stuff involving animals habitat science, but watching 98 00:06:16,320 --> 00:06:20,480 Speaker 1: a seriously spoiled child temper tantrum the last little bit 99 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:23,039 Speaker 1: of dignity out of the White House. That sure makes 100 00:06:23,080 --> 00:06:28,160 Speaker 1: me feel like crap folks, but not surprised either. I'm referring, 101 00:06:28,200 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: of course, to the Wednesday scene as we counted our 102 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:35,480 Speaker 1: electoral votes in d C. The positive of this situation 103 00:06:35,640 --> 00:06:37,880 Speaker 1: is I think we can all look at the scenes 104 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:41,640 Speaker 1: in d C and think, boy, I'm better than that, 105 00:06:42,240 --> 00:06:45,840 Speaker 1: and you are. We have this incredible opportunity to start 106 00:06:47,040 --> 00:06:50,839 Speaker 1: in a position to be better, better all around, better 107 00:06:50,880 --> 00:06:54,200 Speaker 1: to each other, better to ourselves, better to our communities, 108 00:06:54,640 --> 00:06:59,200 Speaker 1: be those communities, animal communities, plant communities, or gut bacteria 109 00:06:59,240 --> 00:07:02,720 Speaker 1: communities for that matter. Let's grab this year by the 110 00:07:02,760 --> 00:07:05,719 Speaker 1: tail clar way up to its haunches and ride this 111 00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:10,880 Speaker 1: pony past the unproductive partisan back and forth past COVID 112 00:07:11,080 --> 00:07:15,560 Speaker 1: and right into spring turkey bear and fishing season. But 113 00:07:15,680 --> 00:07:19,040 Speaker 1: don't you know being a rush enjoy some ice fishing 114 00:07:19,200 --> 00:07:22,000 Speaker 1: and a couple of powder turns along the way. Start 115 00:07:22,000 --> 00:07:28,320 Speaker 1: a bird identification list, plant one pollinator, friendly outside plant volunteer, 116 00:07:28,360 --> 00:07:33,000 Speaker 1: A little bit run for office, as of the time 117 00:07:33,040 --> 00:07:37,240 Speaker 1: of this recording January eight. I am wishing everyone an 118 00:07:37,240 --> 00:07:42,360 Speaker 1: incredible and remember to get your relationships started with your 119 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:45,680 Speaker 1: duly elected officials. I'll tell you how right after the 120 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:50,600 Speaker 1: Snort report. Well, Snortacus, the yellow lab is now eight 121 00:07:50,640 --> 00:07:53,760 Speaker 1: months old and she has retrieved somewhere in the neighborhood 122 00:07:53,760 --> 00:07:57,560 Speaker 1: of thirteen to fifteen geese in the last couple of weeks. 123 00:07:57,600 --> 00:08:00,600 Speaker 1: The most recent outing, we went along with Garrett Long, 124 00:08:00,840 --> 00:08:02,840 Speaker 1: a friend and co worker at Meat Eator, to a 125 00:08:02,920 --> 00:08:06,560 Speaker 1: spot above the Yellowstone River in eastern Montana. The Canada 126 00:08:06,600 --> 00:08:09,880 Speaker 1: geese poured in. We didn't exactly have our shooting or 127 00:08:09,920 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 1: a goose spread dialed. Garrett had. His black lab was 128 00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:16,720 Speaker 1: ten years old. Snort has not had any competition in 129 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:19,480 Speaker 1: the field since the last pheasant hunt, and this is 130 00:08:19,600 --> 00:08:23,320 Speaker 1: just what she needed. She needed that other dog going 131 00:08:23,440 --> 00:08:27,120 Speaker 1: after birds. The highlight of the day came when one 132 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:31,640 Speaker 1: of the few perfectly decoyed geese was hit ultimately fatally, 133 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:36,120 Speaker 1: but sailed wings more or less locked for a shade 134 00:08:36,240 --> 00:08:41,560 Speaker 1: short half a mile, Snort directly underneath, well slightly to 135 00:08:41,600 --> 00:08:44,440 Speaker 1: the rear of underneath. When the goose eventually ran out 136 00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:46,880 Speaker 1: of gas, it felt like a rock from the sky 137 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:50,400 Speaker 1: and snort rather matter of factly picked it up and 138 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:53,800 Speaker 1: brought it back, just like a bird dog. She only 139 00:08:53,840 --> 00:08:56,760 Speaker 1: had to stop once about three quarters of the way back. 140 00:08:57,200 --> 00:08:59,760 Speaker 1: It was a scene that was as beautiful as it 141 00:08:59,840 --> 00:09:03,520 Speaker 1: was mundane. It was a dog retrieving a bird from 142 00:09:03,600 --> 00:09:08,079 Speaker 1: a long, long way out. Exactly why you want a dog. 143 00:09:08,880 --> 00:09:11,199 Speaker 1: It was a beautiful day. The dog needs a ton 144 00:09:11,240 --> 00:09:13,600 Speaker 1: of work still, but I think we have the drive 145 00:09:13,720 --> 00:09:17,200 Speaker 1: part down. The interest is there. Now it's time to 146 00:09:17,200 --> 00:09:20,760 Speaker 1: get her to hold her spot, stay and not break 147 00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:24,080 Speaker 1: until I give her the go ahead in a waterfowl situation. 148 00:09:24,760 --> 00:09:28,120 Speaker 1: It has been tons of fun, very fulfilling to watch 149 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:31,000 Speaker 1: that little dog. We might have one more hunt in 150 00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:34,320 Speaker 1: us before the end of the season. Then it's onto 151 00:09:34,360 --> 00:09:39,640 Speaker 1: lots of distractions until next bird season. Squirrel. Moving on, 152 00:09:41,320 --> 00:09:44,640 Speaker 1: We're gonna start with this week's called Action. This particular 153 00:09:44,679 --> 00:09:48,840 Speaker 1: treasure is the South Dakota Prairie Grasslands, a patchwork of 154 00:09:48,920 --> 00:09:51,640 Speaker 1: ground in western North Dakota that makes up most of 155 00:09:51,679 --> 00:09:54,320 Speaker 1: what we call the bad Lands. You know, the bad 156 00:09:54,400 --> 00:09:58,320 Speaker 1: Lands is that iconic area of the American West, the Sioux, 157 00:09:58,440 --> 00:10:02,520 Speaker 1: the Cheyenne Teddy row about Custer all that fun stuff. 158 00:10:02,920 --> 00:10:06,400 Speaker 1: There's elk, deer, mountain lions, lots of turkeys. This is 159 00:10:06,440 --> 00:10:09,760 Speaker 1: some of the most important prairie ecosystem we have left 160 00:10:09,840 --> 00:10:12,400 Speaker 1: in this country, a one of a kind place that 161 00:10:12,440 --> 00:10:15,960 Speaker 1: cannot be recovered once it's disrupted, and that's what this 162 00:10:16,080 --> 00:10:19,680 Speaker 1: legislation will attempt to do. North Dakota Senator John Hoven 163 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:22,600 Speaker 1: has drafted a federal law that would allow roads to 164 00:10:22,600 --> 00:10:26,480 Speaker 1: be built along all section lines in the state, which, 165 00:10:26,720 --> 00:10:30,440 Speaker 1: to be clear, North Dakota state law says that is so. 166 00:10:31,240 --> 00:10:35,120 Speaker 1: What Hovan's bill will do will include the protected parts 167 00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,840 Speaker 1: of the Dakota Prairie grasslands managed by the U. S. 168 00:10:38,880 --> 00:10:42,400 Speaker 1: Forest Service. This would in effect allow oil and gas 169 00:10:42,480 --> 00:10:46,800 Speaker 1: development on almost all of the bad lands. Let's be clear, 170 00:10:46,840 --> 00:10:48,480 Speaker 1: as we often say on the show, we are not 171 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:52,680 Speaker 1: against development in general. A balance between wildlife, habitat and 172 00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:57,480 Speaker 1: industry is essential, and in fact, over the area in 173 00:10:57,640 --> 00:11:01,560 Speaker 1: question is already open to oil, old drilling, and hydro fracking. 174 00:11:02,120 --> 00:11:05,360 Speaker 1: The energy industry is by no means on life support 175 00:11:05,480 --> 00:11:08,360 Speaker 1: in this part of the world. But Hoven's bill is 176 00:11:08,400 --> 00:11:11,560 Speaker 1: an effort to open up that last protected four percent, 177 00:11:12,080 --> 00:11:16,160 Speaker 1: just forty acres of a total one million acres. This 178 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:20,600 Speaker 1: bill is in response to failed attempts to change Forest 179 00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:24,600 Speaker 1: Service rules to allow the development, as well as several 180 00:11:24,679 --> 00:11:28,520 Speaker 1: failed lawsuits the last resort, you could call it. What 181 00:11:28,679 --> 00:11:31,160 Speaker 1: makes this proposed law so dangerous is that it will 182 00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,640 Speaker 1: likely be tucked inside a much larger omnibus bill that 183 00:11:34,720 --> 00:11:37,560 Speaker 1: Congress rushes to pass every year, so it's gonna be 184 00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:40,600 Speaker 1: hard to find on its own. Hoven's bill would likely 185 00:11:40,640 --> 00:11:43,400 Speaker 1: never make it through, but unless we make a lot 186 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:46,440 Speaker 1: of noise about this now, it could fly under the radar. 187 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:49,040 Speaker 1: There's a risk of this bill being signed into law 188 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:52,360 Speaker 1: without anyone even knowing it's there, and that would be 189 00:11:52,400 --> 00:11:56,760 Speaker 1: bad for the bad lands. Therefore, please call Senator Hoven's 190 00:11:56,800 --> 00:11:59,920 Speaker 1: office at two zero two to to four to five 191 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:03,720 Speaker 1: five one and voice your objection to this legislation. If 192 00:12:03,800 --> 00:12:06,880 Speaker 1: you are listening to this podcast on Sunday, just as 193 00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:09,920 Speaker 1: it's released, set a reminder on your phone now to 194 00:12:10,000 --> 00:12:12,959 Speaker 1: call tomorrow morning at nine am. If you're here a 195 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:15,840 Speaker 1: little later, maybe waking up with us on Monday morning, 196 00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:18,719 Speaker 1: pause this podcast and dial too oh two two to 197 00:12:18,880 --> 00:12:23,200 Speaker 1: four to one. We'll be waiting right here. When you 198 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:31,959 Speaker 1: come back. Put this number in your phone permanently two 199 00:12:31,960 --> 00:12:34,960 Speaker 1: O two, two to four, three one to one. It 200 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:38,680 Speaker 1: is the congressional switchboard. You can ask to be connected 201 00:12:38,720 --> 00:12:42,360 Speaker 1: with the office you are seeking. Super easy and worth doing. 202 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:46,440 Speaker 1: Use that number right now and call your state's congressional 203 00:12:46,520 --> 00:12:49,880 Speaker 1: representative and let them know what is going on in 204 00:12:49,920 --> 00:12:53,720 Speaker 1: the North Dakota Badlands. A big thank you to everyone 205 00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:56,720 Speaker 1: who wrote in to alert me to this one. I'll 206 00:12:56,720 --> 00:12:59,280 Speaker 1: note that members of the auto bound Society, people who 207 00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:01,800 Speaker 1: work in the oil and gas industry, not that those 208 00:13:01,800 --> 00:13:05,320 Speaker 1: two are mutually exclusive. Back Country hunters and anglers, and 209 00:13:05,400 --> 00:13:09,240 Speaker 1: many folks who stated no affiliation, who just loved this 210 00:13:09,360 --> 00:13:12,120 Speaker 1: area and have a true appreciation for how rare and 211 00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:15,640 Speaker 1: valuable it is all rode in on this issue. They 212 00:13:15,720 --> 00:13:17,120 Speaker 1: let me know what's going on in their neck of 213 00:13:17,160 --> 00:13:21,480 Speaker 1: the woods. That big crowd of different voices should determine 214 00:13:21,520 --> 00:13:24,760 Speaker 1: what happens to the land that we all own. Let's 215 00:13:24,760 --> 00:13:26,920 Speaker 1: not leave that up to just a few people who 216 00:13:26,920 --> 00:13:29,480 Speaker 1: want to make pumping oil and gas a little bit easier. 217 00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:33,800 Speaker 1: The last note. We reached out twice to Senderhoven's office 218 00:13:33,920 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 1: to get his comment and clarification on the fact that 219 00:13:36,760 --> 00:13:40,040 Speaker 1: his proposal would in fact, only target this area as 220 00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:43,120 Speaker 1: being compliant with the current state Section law lines and 221 00:13:43,200 --> 00:13:47,280 Speaker 1: not all federal ground, but our calls have not been returned. 222 00:13:51,840 --> 00:13:55,120 Speaker 1: One other quick call to action, The Arizona Game and 223 00:13:55,160 --> 00:13:58,040 Speaker 1: Fish Commission recently voted to ban the use of trail 224 00:13:58,120 --> 00:14:01,240 Speaker 1: cameras for the purpose of taking animals, and there is 225 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:04,319 Speaker 1: now a period of public comment before the measure is 226 00:14:04,400 --> 00:14:09,280 Speaker 1: voted up or down. I am for the band. Trail 227 00:14:09,400 --> 00:14:13,400 Speaker 1: cameras have upsides. They allow folks strap for time to 228 00:14:13,440 --> 00:14:17,280 Speaker 1: make good use of their time. They're an incredible recruitment 229 00:14:17,400 --> 00:14:20,320 Speaker 1: tool for getting new people out in the woods, especially kids, 230 00:14:20,560 --> 00:14:22,600 Speaker 1: because you get to show them pictures of cool stuff 231 00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:27,760 Speaker 1: that's out there. However, the downsides of cameras far outweigh 232 00:14:27,840 --> 00:14:31,720 Speaker 1: those advantages in my opinion. Some water sources in Arizona 233 00:14:31,800 --> 00:14:34,640 Speaker 1: have dozens of cameras surrounding them, and all the people 234 00:14:34,720 --> 00:14:37,040 Speaker 1: going in and out to check those cameras have been 235 00:14:37,080 --> 00:14:40,640 Speaker 1: shown to disrupt the ability of wildlife to get sufficient 236 00:14:40,680 --> 00:14:45,200 Speaker 1: water during lean water years. Trail cams are also often 237 00:14:45,320 --> 00:14:50,640 Speaker 1: used to quote unquote claim a certain area and often 238 00:14:50,720 --> 00:14:54,440 Speaker 1: lead to disputes between hunters who come to feel entitled 239 00:14:54,480 --> 00:14:58,200 Speaker 1: to a particular spot. Worst of all is the growing 240 00:14:58,280 --> 00:15:02,760 Speaker 1: practice of selling animals on the hoof. This is when 241 00:15:02,960 --> 00:15:06,480 Speaker 1: outfitters and guides promote the pictures that they've taken and 242 00:15:06,640 --> 00:15:09,840 Speaker 1: essentially let a client buy the opportunity to hunt that 243 00:15:09,880 --> 00:15:13,960 Speaker 1: particular animal, the way patron in a restaurant might point 244 00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,200 Speaker 1: to a lobster in a tank that my friends just 245 00:15:17,280 --> 00:15:21,080 Speaker 1: isn't hunting to me. In a larger sense, trail cameras 246 00:15:21,080 --> 00:15:23,840 Speaker 1: takeaway from one of the most essential aspects of hunting, 247 00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:27,800 Speaker 1: the not knowing. It's important that hunting is not like 248 00:15:27,960 --> 00:15:31,040 Speaker 1: shopping or golf. For eating at a restaurant, you can't 249 00:15:31,080 --> 00:15:34,200 Speaker 1: push a button and receive a certain outcome. When you 250 00:15:34,240 --> 00:15:36,320 Speaker 1: go out in pursuit of animals, you have to use 251 00:15:36,320 --> 00:15:38,560 Speaker 1: your brain and your boots, trying as hard as you 252 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:41,920 Speaker 1: can to get the information you need with just your senses. 253 00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:45,080 Speaker 1: You have to put in that effort and sometimes still 254 00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:48,880 Speaker 1: fail to bring anything home. A similar restriction was passed 255 00:15:48,880 --> 00:15:51,520 Speaker 1: in two thousand eighteen in Nevada, and hunting has not 256 00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:55,000 Speaker 1: ground to a halt there By any means, the use 257 00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: of trail cameras does not guarantee an animal, no matter 258 00:15:58,520 --> 00:16:00,800 Speaker 1: how much you pay for the opera tunity to hunt 259 00:16:00,840 --> 00:16:04,360 Speaker 1: that animal in the desert ecosystem in areas where the 260 00:16:04,360 --> 00:16:08,400 Speaker 1: water sources are often at least improved by man and maintained, 261 00:16:08,640 --> 00:16:12,280 Speaker 1: the animals have no choice but to drink at that spot. 262 00:16:12,720 --> 00:16:15,440 Speaker 1: They have to drink, whether they are on your SD 263 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:18,600 Speaker 1: card or not. I do not think it's a bad 264 00:16:18,680 --> 00:16:21,600 Speaker 1: thing that hunters would have to sit without knowing what 265 00:16:21,800 --> 00:16:25,560 Speaker 1: is going to come in potentially or not. That's just hunting. 266 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:29,960 Speaker 1: The public comment period ends February one. If this is 267 00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:34,440 Speaker 1: a topic that interests you, please email Rulemaking at a 268 00:16:34,720 --> 00:16:38,600 Speaker 1: z g f D dot gov. That's Arizona Game and 269 00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:42,760 Speaker 1: Fish Department, dot gov before February one to voice your opinion. 270 00:16:43,920 --> 00:16:48,760 Speaker 1: Moving on to the cool animal stuffed desk, pay attention, 271 00:16:48,800 --> 00:16:50,480 Speaker 1: this is going to be on a pub quiz somewhere. 272 00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:55,160 Speaker 1: Scientists recently discovered the oldest known tropical reef fish, a 273 00:16:55,280 --> 00:16:59,960 Speaker 1: midnight snapper, at Rally Shoals near western Australia. By count 274 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:03,160 Speaker 1: the growth rings on tiny bones and the snappers ears, 275 00:17:03,320 --> 00:17:06,560 Speaker 1: called odalis, the same way you'd count tree rings, the 276 00:17:06,640 --> 00:17:09,760 Speaker 1: scientists learned that this fish is eighty one years old, 277 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:13,600 Speaker 1: twenty years older than the previous reef fish record holder. 278 00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:18,159 Speaker 1: That means that this snapper was likely alive before the 279 00:17:18,200 --> 00:17:20,879 Speaker 1: start of World War two and just in time for 280 00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:24,440 Speaker 1: the debut of the comic book character Batman in Detective 281 00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:27,440 Speaker 1: Comics number twenty seven, and of course is now dead 282 00:17:27,760 --> 00:17:30,920 Speaker 1: because you can't read an odo lift bone while and 283 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:37,520 Speaker 1: animals alive. One is no doubt very old for most fish, 284 00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:41,720 Speaker 1: but for the greenland shark, a cartilaginous fish, eighty one 285 00:17:42,240 --> 00:17:45,879 Speaker 1: means you're just getting started. Researchers from the University of 286 00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:49,320 Speaker 1: Copenhagen studied a group of twenty eight greenland sharks that 287 00:17:49,359 --> 00:17:52,960 Speaker 1: have been caught accidentally by fishing expeditions. Based on the 288 00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:56,440 Speaker 1: species average growth of point four inches a year, that's 289 00:17:56,440 --> 00:18:00,399 Speaker 1: some cold water folks and one individual females length of 290 00:18:00,400 --> 00:18:04,080 Speaker 1: sixteen and a half feet, this distinguished grand dam is 291 00:18:04,320 --> 00:18:08,200 Speaker 1: estimated to now be three hundred and ninety years old. 292 00:18:08,880 --> 00:18:11,720 Speaker 1: It's important to note that this figure is an estimate 293 00:18:11,920 --> 00:18:14,919 Speaker 1: with a one hundred and twenty year margin of error, 294 00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:18,320 Speaker 1: but even at the lowest end of this possible age range, 295 00:18:18,640 --> 00:18:21,600 Speaker 1: this is a fish who was swimming around before California 296 00:18:21,680 --> 00:18:24,040 Speaker 1: was a state. If we could only go back to 297 00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:31,359 Speaker 1: then next A team from the University of Swansea in 298 00:18:31,400 --> 00:18:34,240 Speaker 1: the UK were able to fit some very cool flight 299 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:38,480 Speaker 1: measurement equipment onto Andean condors and found that one particular 300 00:18:38,560 --> 00:18:42,600 Speaker 1: condor flew more than one hundred miles without beating its 301 00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:46,240 Speaker 1: wings a single time. Just by adjusting its wings to 302 00:18:46,240 --> 00:18:49,960 Speaker 1: take advantage of air thermals, this thirty five pound bird 303 00:18:50,320 --> 00:18:53,680 Speaker 1: was able to travel for five hours with no forward 304 00:18:53,720 --> 00:18:59,080 Speaker 1: propulsion at all. Interestingly enough, the Patagonia region where these 305 00:18:59,119 --> 00:19:03,280 Speaker 1: condors are crew using around creates the perfect conditions for 306 00:19:03,440 --> 00:19:06,720 Speaker 1: human made gliders as well. Up drafts from the South 307 00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:11,120 Speaker 1: American mountains have allowed air busses perland to a winged 308 00:19:11,160 --> 00:19:15,359 Speaker 1: aircraft without an engine to climb to over seventy six 309 00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:19,639 Speaker 1: thousand feet, higher than the U two spy plane, which, 310 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:22,359 Speaker 1: by the way, it has engines that produce seventeen thousand 311 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:26,640 Speaker 1: pounds of thrust and way higher than that sissy condor 312 00:19:26,720 --> 00:19:33,840 Speaker 1: can go. So take that, mother Nature. I'm kidding, of course, 313 00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: the condor again wighs thirty five pounds, the Pearland two 314 00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:43,440 Speaker 1: weighs just fred and the U two weighs about forty 315 00:19:44,359 --> 00:19:46,960 Speaker 1: different ways to tackle that whole, how high can we 316 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:51,240 Speaker 1: get problem. Lastly number four on today's round up, but 317 00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:55,080 Speaker 1: likely number one in your hearts long time listeners of 318 00:19:55,160 --> 00:19:58,120 Speaker 1: Cow's Weekend Review, going all the way back to episode 319 00:19:58,200 --> 00:20:02,879 Speaker 1: number one, Wisdom, the las and albatross is still the 320 00:20:02,920 --> 00:20:07,400 Speaker 1: world's oldest known bird. Scientists put a band on Wisdom's 321 00:20:07,440 --> 00:20:10,280 Speaker 1: leg in nineteen fifty six when she was estimated to 322 00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:13,879 Speaker 1: be five years old, and she has been cruising ever since, 323 00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:17,919 Speaker 1: flying the equivalent of one hundred and twenty times around 324 00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:23,200 Speaker 1: the globe some three million miles. In addition to her travels, 325 00:20:23,359 --> 00:20:25,879 Speaker 1: she managed to find the time to lay at least 326 00:20:25,960 --> 00:20:30,679 Speaker 1: thirty six eggs. The breaking news as of December is 327 00:20:30,720 --> 00:20:35,760 Speaker 1: that Wisdom successfully hatched yet another chick at seventy years 328 00:20:35,760 --> 00:20:39,960 Speaker 1: old and three million miles under her belt. So let's 329 00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:42,480 Speaker 1: just recap the hot facts. You got the bang for 330 00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:46,800 Speaker 1: your buck. Oldest known reef fish, the midnight snapper, deceased 331 00:20:46,840 --> 00:20:50,480 Speaker 1: at one. Don't worry, there's likely some other fish in 332 00:20:50,520 --> 00:20:53,560 Speaker 1: that age set that's still over there. In Australia, oldest 333 00:20:53,560 --> 00:20:56,880 Speaker 1: known cartilaginous fish is the greenland shark. We don't even 334 00:20:56,920 --> 00:21:00,439 Speaker 1: know how old these get, let's say three hundred. Oldest 335 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:04,600 Speaker 1: known bird wisdom the lays and Albatross seventy years old. 336 00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:10,639 Speaker 1: Moving on to the anthropology desk, or maybe the indigestion desk, 337 00:21:12,560 --> 00:21:16,280 Speaker 1: researchers at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln have made amazing 338 00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:18,919 Speaker 1: new discoveries in the case of the Skyle's mummy, the 339 00:21:18,960 --> 00:21:21,440 Speaker 1: body of a man who died more than one thousand 340 00:21:21,560 --> 00:21:24,879 Speaker 1: years ago in what is now known as Texas. The 341 00:21:24,920 --> 00:21:28,880 Speaker 1: man died of Chagas disease, a parasitic infection that can 342 00:21:28,920 --> 00:21:33,640 Speaker 1: cause enlargement of the colon and therefore severe constipation. And 343 00:21:33,800 --> 00:21:40,240 Speaker 1: we are talking severe constipation here. The Nebraska team discovered 344 00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:44,280 Speaker 1: tiny plant structures in this man's gut called final liths, 345 00:21:44,320 --> 00:21:49,160 Speaker 1: which typically pass right through the digestive system unscathed. Here, however, 346 00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:54,159 Speaker 1: those tiny final lifts structures had been crushed to pieces 347 00:21:54,160 --> 00:21:57,200 Speaker 1: by the built up pressure in the digestive system, kind 348 00:21:57,200 --> 00:22:01,840 Speaker 1: of like a turkey's gizzard. Anyway, this, my friends, must 349 00:22:01,880 --> 00:22:06,840 Speaker 1: have been an extremely unpleasant passing, or rather not passing. 350 00:22:07,359 --> 00:22:11,240 Speaker 1: The guy died and you get it. However, by analyzing 351 00:22:11,240 --> 00:22:14,520 Speaker 1: the contents of the mummy stomach, the researchers found incredible 352 00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:17,120 Speaker 1: evidence of the care that the rest of the community 353 00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:20,360 Speaker 1: took for this person. In his waning days and weeks, 354 00:22:20,960 --> 00:22:24,359 Speaker 1: it seems that he ate almost nothing but crickets leading 355 00:22:24,400 --> 00:22:28,400 Speaker 1: up to his death. That's right, crickets, and to be exact, 356 00:22:28,480 --> 00:22:32,119 Speaker 1: crickets whose legs had been removed before he ate them. 357 00:22:32,160 --> 00:22:35,160 Speaker 1: The scientists theorized that the man was fed crickets because 358 00:22:35,160 --> 00:22:38,480 Speaker 1: of their nutritional value and moisture content, and removing the 359 00:22:38,560 --> 00:22:41,960 Speaker 1: legs was an effort to make them as digestible as possible. 360 00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:46,000 Speaker 1: This strategy did not work, but it suggests a group 361 00:22:46,000 --> 00:22:49,280 Speaker 1: of people taking elaborate measures to relieve the suffering that 362 00:22:49,359 --> 00:22:52,719 Speaker 1: they could a couple more quick and amazing aspects of 363 00:22:52,720 --> 00:22:55,960 Speaker 1: this story. First, the Skyle's mummy was discovered back in 364 00:22:56,080 --> 00:22:59,520 Speaker 1: ninety seven, and it has been analyzed over and over 365 00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:02,879 Speaker 1: again since the seventies. These new findings, brought to you 366 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:06,480 Speaker 1: by a severely constipated man, are simply the result of 367 00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:10,080 Speaker 1: better imaging tools and fresh curiosity. They should make you 368 00:23:10,119 --> 00:23:14,520 Speaker 1: feel optimistic, loose, you could say, no matter how much 369 00:23:14,520 --> 00:23:18,840 Speaker 1: of the world has been explored, there's always more to discover. Second, 370 00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:22,000 Speaker 1: crickets are enjoying a bit of a renaissance these days 371 00:23:22,160 --> 00:23:26,120 Speaker 1: as an alternative protein source. Here in the US. Insects 372 00:23:26,160 --> 00:23:28,440 Speaker 1: are a regular and important part of the diet for 373 00:23:28,480 --> 00:23:31,240 Speaker 1: most people on Earth, and raising them and turning them 374 00:23:31,240 --> 00:23:35,520 Speaker 1: into edible flour requires a small fraction of the energy, water, 375 00:23:35,760 --> 00:23:39,080 Speaker 1: and other resources needed for beef, poultry, and the rest 376 00:23:39,119 --> 00:23:42,480 Speaker 1: of the organisms we more commonly call food. You may 377 00:23:42,520 --> 00:23:45,360 Speaker 1: feel a little queasy at the idea of eating bugs, 378 00:23:45,600 --> 00:23:48,640 Speaker 1: but compared to cells growing the lab or plant protein 379 00:23:48,760 --> 00:23:51,560 Speaker 1: processed within an inch of its life to seem like 380 00:23:52,119 --> 00:23:56,120 Speaker 1: meat loaf, I'd rather have a plate of crickets. That's 381 00:23:56,119 --> 00:23:58,560 Speaker 1: all I've got for you this week. Thanks for listening 382 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:02,080 Speaker 1: right into eight s K C A L. That's asked 383 00:24:02,119 --> 00:24:04,800 Speaker 1: cal at the Meat Eater dot com and let me 384 00:24:04,840 --> 00:24:07,080 Speaker 1: know what's going on in your neck of the woods. 385 00:24:07,440 --> 00:24:10,000 Speaker 1: Thanks again, I'll talk to you next week.