1 00:00:08,245 --> 00:00:16,605 Speaker 1: School of Humans. This episode discusses sensitive topics. Please listen 2 00:00:16,645 --> 00:00:25,525 Speaker 1: with care. My name is Miranda Hawkins. Welcome to the 3 00:00:25,565 --> 00:00:30,485 Speaker 1: Deep Dark Woods. Today's story is at U seven O 4 00:00:30,685 --> 00:00:39,645 Speaker 1: nine or snow White. 5 00:00:39,765 --> 00:00:43,205 Speaker 2: Once upon a time in midwinter, when the snowflakes were 6 00:00:43,245 --> 00:00:46,205 Speaker 2: falling like feathers from heaven, a queen sat sewing at 7 00:00:46,205 --> 00:00:49,005 Speaker 2: her window, which had a frame of black ebony wood. 8 00:00:50,045 --> 00:00:52,125 Speaker 2: As she sewed, she looked up at the snow and 9 00:00:52,205 --> 00:00:56,285 Speaker 2: pricked her finger with the needle. Three drops of blood 10 00:00:56,365 --> 00:01:00,205 Speaker 2: fell into the snow. The red on the white looked 11 00:01:00,245 --> 00:01:03,805 Speaker 2: so beautiful that she thought to herself, if only I 12 00:01:03,845 --> 00:01:07,085 Speaker 2: had a child as white as snow, as red as blood, 13 00:01:07,125 --> 00:01:11,005 Speaker 2: and as black as the wood in this frame. Soon 14 00:01:11,045 --> 00:01:14,245 Speaker 2: afterwards she had a little daughter who was as white 15 00:01:14,285 --> 00:01:17,045 Speaker 2: as snow, as red as blood, and as black as 16 00:01:17,085 --> 00:01:21,685 Speaker 2: ebony wood. And therefore they called her little snow White. 17 00:01:22,085 --> 00:01:25,325 Speaker 2: And as soon as the child was born, the queen died. 18 00:01:27,765 --> 00:01:31,285 Speaker 2: A year later, the king took himself another wife. She 19 00:01:31,405 --> 00:01:34,085 Speaker 2: was a beautiful woman, but she was proud and arrogant, 20 00:01:34,085 --> 00:01:36,685 Speaker 2: and she could not stand it if anyone might surpass 21 00:01:36,725 --> 00:01:41,605 Speaker 2: her in beauty. She had a magic mirror. Every morning 22 00:01:41,685 --> 00:01:45,525 Speaker 2: she stood before it, looked at herself and said, mirror, 23 00:01:45,565 --> 00:01:48,765 Speaker 2: mirror on the wall, who in this land is fairest 24 00:01:48,805 --> 00:01:53,765 Speaker 2: of all? To this the mirror answered you, my Queen, 25 00:01:53,965 --> 00:01:57,765 Speaker 2: are fairest of all. Then she was satisfied, for she 26 00:01:57,845 --> 00:02:03,205 Speaker 2: knew that the mirror spoke the truth. Snow White grew 27 00:02:03,285 --> 00:02:06,445 Speaker 2: up and became ever more beautiful. When she was seven 28 00:02:06,525 --> 00:02:08,925 Speaker 2: years old, she was as beautiful as the light of day, 29 00:02:09,285 --> 00:02:13,165 Speaker 2: even more beautiful than the Queen herself. One day, when 30 00:02:13,205 --> 00:02:17,365 Speaker 2: the Queen asked her mirror, nearer, nearer on the wall, 31 00:02:17,525 --> 00:02:22,405 Speaker 2: who in this land is fairest of all? It answered you, 32 00:02:22,605 --> 00:02:26,445 Speaker 2: my Queen, are fair, It's true, But snow White is 33 00:02:26,485 --> 00:02:28,445 Speaker 2: a thousand times fairer than you. 34 00:02:30,485 --> 00:02:31,405 Speaker 1: The Queen took. 35 00:02:31,205 --> 00:02:34,725 Speaker 2: Fright and turned yellow and green with envy. From that 36 00:02:34,885 --> 00:02:37,325 Speaker 2: hour on, whenever she looked at snow White, her heart 37 00:02:37,365 --> 00:02:40,605 Speaker 2: turned over inside her body. So great was her hatred 38 00:02:40,725 --> 00:02:41,245 Speaker 2: for the girl. 39 00:02:42,645 --> 00:02:43,365 Speaker 1: The envy and. 40 00:02:43,365 --> 00:02:45,925 Speaker 2: Pride grew even greater, like a weed in her heart, 41 00:02:46,005 --> 00:02:50,405 Speaker 2: until she had no peace day and night. Then she 42 00:02:50,485 --> 00:02:54,045 Speaker 2: summoned the huntsman and said to him, take snow White 43 00:02:54,045 --> 00:02:56,485 Speaker 2: into the woods. I never want to see her again. 44 00:02:57,565 --> 00:02:59,925 Speaker 2: Kill her, and as proof that she is dead, bring 45 00:03:00,005 --> 00:03:07,485 Speaker 2: her lungs and her liver back to me. The huntsman 46 00:03:07,565 --> 00:03:11,125 Speaker 2: obeyed and took snow White into the woods. He took 47 00:03:11,165 --> 00:03:13,205 Speaker 2: out his hunting knife and was about to stab it 48 00:03:13,285 --> 00:03:16,885 Speaker 2: into her innocent heart when she began to cry, saying, oh, 49 00:03:17,045 --> 00:03:19,325 Speaker 2: dear huntsmand, let me live. I will run into the 50 00:03:19,405 --> 00:03:24,485 Speaker 2: wild woods and never come back. Because she was so beautiful, 51 00:03:24,525 --> 00:03:27,325 Speaker 2: the huntsman took pity on her and said, run away, 52 00:03:27,405 --> 00:03:31,805 Speaker 2: you poor child. He thought the wild animals will soon 53 00:03:31,845 --> 00:03:35,725 Speaker 2: devour you anyway. But still it was as if a 54 00:03:35,765 --> 00:03:37,965 Speaker 2: stone had fallen from his heart, for he would not 55 00:03:38,085 --> 00:03:41,765 Speaker 2: have to kill her. Just then, a young boar came 56 00:03:41,845 --> 00:03:45,805 Speaker 2: running by. He killed it, cut out its lungs and liver, 57 00:03:46,165 --> 00:03:47,965 Speaker 2: and took them back to the queen As proof of 58 00:03:48,005 --> 00:03:48,845 Speaker 2: snow White's death. 59 00:03:50,805 --> 00:03:52,005 Speaker 1: The cook had to boil. 60 00:03:51,765 --> 00:03:55,325 Speaker 2: Them with salt, and the wicked woman ate them, supposing 61 00:03:55,365 --> 00:03:58,005 Speaker 2: that she had eaten snow whites lungs and liver. 62 00:04:05,725 --> 00:04:08,685 Speaker 1: As a kid, I always had short hair. If I'm 63 00:04:08,685 --> 00:04:12,885 Speaker 1: being honest, It was a bowl cut. It was downright awful, 64 00:04:13,445 --> 00:04:15,965 Speaker 1: but I loved the feeling of getting my hair cut. 65 00:04:16,405 --> 00:04:18,925 Speaker 1: So every time my mother, who loved to keep her 66 00:04:18,925 --> 00:04:22,645 Speaker 1: hair short, got her hair trimmed, so did I, and 67 00:04:22,685 --> 00:04:25,445 Speaker 1: this is why whenever my friends and I played princess, 68 00:04:25,885 --> 00:04:29,605 Speaker 1: they always stuck me with snow White, even though I 69 00:04:29,685 --> 00:04:35,885 Speaker 1: looked absolutely nothing like her. Although snow White has different 70 00:04:35,965 --> 00:04:39,285 Speaker 1: versions across the globe, there are two real life people 71 00:04:39,485 --> 00:04:43,605 Speaker 1: the story may be based on. In nineteen ninety four, 72 00:04:43,925 --> 00:04:48,245 Speaker 1: German historian Eckered Xander published his book snow White, Is 73 00:04:48,285 --> 00:04:51,565 Speaker 1: It a fairy Tale? He said snow White was based 74 00:04:51,565 --> 00:04:55,245 Speaker 1: on Philip the forces daughter. Born in fifteen thirty three, 75 00:04:55,365 --> 00:04:59,685 Speaker 1: the German countess was named Marguerite von Waldeck. When she 76 00:04:59,805 --> 00:05:04,685 Speaker 1: turned sixteen, her stepmother, Katharina of Hotsfeld, forced her to 77 00:05:04,725 --> 00:05:08,965 Speaker 1: move to wild Yfe and Brussels. Von Waldock fell in 78 00:05:09,005 --> 00:05:12,045 Speaker 1: love with Prince Philip, who would later become King Philip 79 00:05:12,085 --> 00:05:16,365 Speaker 1: the Second of Spain, but her father and stepmother disapproved 80 00:05:16,405 --> 00:05:21,525 Speaker 1: of their relationship for political reasons, and then at twenty one, 81 00:05:22,045 --> 00:05:27,165 Speaker 1: von Waldeck died from poison. According to Sander, historical accounts 82 00:05:27,205 --> 00:05:30,365 Speaker 1: say the King of Spain might have sent Spanish agent 83 00:05:30,645 --> 00:05:35,045 Speaker 1: to murder the young woman. Doctor Claudia Schwabe is a 84 00:05:35,085 --> 00:05:39,325 Speaker 1: German professor from Utah, State University. She says, von Waldeck 85 00:05:39,485 --> 00:05:42,085 Speaker 1: knew she was going to die, and that's why she 86 00:05:42,165 --> 00:05:42,845 Speaker 1: wrote her will. 87 00:05:45,685 --> 00:05:48,645 Speaker 3: By the handwriting, you could see how trembling, how shaky 88 00:05:48,725 --> 00:05:52,445 Speaker 3: her hand was. And then there was a book of 89 00:05:52,805 --> 00:05:55,005 Speaker 3: death I don't know how you call it in Wildungen, 90 00:05:55,045 --> 00:05:57,885 Speaker 3: where she was from, and the mayor wrote in there 91 00:05:58,365 --> 00:06:02,365 Speaker 3: that she was poisoned. So that information we do have, 92 00:06:02,805 --> 00:06:07,405 Speaker 3: but it just shows you how some times fairy tales 93 00:06:07,645 --> 00:06:12,205 Speaker 3: are really very close to life. And I'm sure Margharitavonvaldek 94 00:06:12,325 --> 00:06:16,325 Speaker 3: is not the only aristocratic woman that ever happened to right, 95 00:06:16,525 --> 00:06:20,005 Speaker 3: I'm sure this happened throughout time in many different cultures 96 00:06:20,045 --> 00:06:24,765 Speaker 3: that we have a scenarios that very much resemble a 97 00:06:24,805 --> 00:06:29,005 Speaker 3: fairy tale story. But it just shows you that fairy 98 00:06:29,045 --> 00:06:32,365 Speaker 3: tales are just like stories that life rights. 99 00:06:35,445 --> 00:06:38,165 Speaker 1: The second woman snow White might be based off is 100 00:06:38,285 --> 00:06:44,925 Speaker 1: Maria Sophia von Earthel. Fabulology is fairytale science. A fabulology 101 00:06:45,005 --> 00:06:49,045 Speaker 1: group did a study on Laura Bavaria, and that group 102 00:06:49,245 --> 00:06:54,125 Speaker 1: says von Earthel was born June fifteenth, seventeen twenty nine. 103 00:06:54,165 --> 00:06:58,685 Speaker 1: Her father, Prince Philip Christophon Earthel, was an eighteenth century 104 00:06:58,765 --> 00:07:04,205 Speaker 1: landowner married to Baroness von Bettendorf. After the Baroness died, 105 00:07:04,485 --> 00:07:08,925 Speaker 1: her father remarried Claudia Elizabeth Maria von Venningen, who was 106 00:07:08,965 --> 00:07:13,845 Speaker 1: the Countess of Reichenstein. Based on a letter, Claudia didn't 107 00:07:13,925 --> 00:07:17,445 Speaker 1: like her stepchildren, but that's the only evidence of her 108 00:07:17,485 --> 00:07:22,645 Speaker 1: relationship with her stepkids. Mirror's maid in Lare were considered 109 00:07:22,685 --> 00:07:26,605 Speaker 1: able to speak or tell the truth because they were 110 00:07:26,645 --> 00:07:31,125 Speaker 1: made so well they showed clear reflections. They also had 111 00:07:31,165 --> 00:07:35,965 Speaker 1: inscriptions on them. Today, the magic Mirror is displayed at 112 00:07:36,005 --> 00:07:38,965 Speaker 1: the von Earthel Castle, which is now referred to as 113 00:07:39,085 --> 00:07:42,565 Speaker 1: the Lore Castle and has been turned into a museum. 114 00:07:43,085 --> 00:07:45,605 Speaker 1: Here's what doctor Schwabe says about von Earthel. 115 00:07:47,765 --> 00:07:50,725 Speaker 3: I have to say straight away from the very beginning, 116 00:07:50,925 --> 00:07:54,885 Speaker 3: So the whole story with Maria Sophia von Erta, that 117 00:07:55,205 --> 00:08:00,845 Speaker 3: was a hoax invented by a pharmacist called Karl Heinz 118 00:08:00,965 --> 00:08:04,885 Speaker 3: Bartels and it was a big hoax. And he came 119 00:08:05,005 --> 00:08:11,725 Speaker 3: up with a nonsense word for doing fairytale archaeology. He 120 00:08:11,845 --> 00:08:16,245 Speaker 3: called it fabu lology. And then the city officials they 121 00:08:16,285 --> 00:08:21,605 Speaker 3: decided to use this for profit for tourism, so they 122 00:08:21,925 --> 00:08:26,605 Speaker 3: could attract tourists to their town of Lore and then 123 00:08:26,805 --> 00:08:31,045 Speaker 3: tell them this story of the aristocratic woman who once lived. 124 00:08:31,045 --> 00:08:32,925 Speaker 3: But again, this is all a hoax. 125 00:08:34,205 --> 00:08:37,805 Speaker 1: That's right, it was all made up for money. Well, 126 00:08:38,005 --> 00:08:40,925 Speaker 1: von Earth was real, but the details of her story 127 00:08:40,965 --> 00:08:46,765 Speaker 1: don't match up. There are many inconsistencies. Still, many believe 128 00:08:46,805 --> 00:08:49,845 Speaker 1: that von Earthel could be an inspiration for Snow White, 129 00:08:50,525 --> 00:08:53,685 Speaker 1: and this was reinforced after her grave was uncovered in 130 00:08:53,765 --> 00:08:59,445 Speaker 1: twenty nineteen. But back to von Waldeck, doctor Schwabe says 131 00:08:59,685 --> 00:09:02,765 Speaker 1: she and the Grim snow White had more similarities. 132 00:09:04,285 --> 00:09:08,365 Speaker 3: For instance, my Garreta Vonvaldek had blonde hair, and now 133 00:09:08,405 --> 00:09:12,565 Speaker 3: you might say snow White had dark hair black hair. However, 134 00:09:12,805 --> 00:09:16,885 Speaker 3: in the very first unpublished version of the Grims, called 135 00:09:16,925 --> 00:09:20,845 Speaker 3: the Uhlenbergam Manuscript, they actually wrote that snow White had 136 00:09:20,885 --> 00:09:26,205 Speaker 3: blonde hair. The Waldek family owned several copper mines in 137 00:09:26,245 --> 00:09:30,765 Speaker 3: the northern Hessan regions, and eckert Sunder found out that 138 00:09:30,925 --> 00:09:35,405 Speaker 3: they employed children in these copper minds, children who wore 139 00:09:35,645 --> 00:09:39,245 Speaker 3: special headgear to protect them from rocks falling down. And 140 00:09:39,325 --> 00:09:42,685 Speaker 3: when they came out of the copper mines, it must 141 00:09:42,685 --> 00:09:45,805 Speaker 3: have looked like what we imagined dwarfs to look like. 142 00:09:47,525 --> 00:09:51,885 Speaker 1: Also, historian ECKERD. Standers believes the Poisoned Apple from snow 143 00:09:51,925 --> 00:09:55,005 Speaker 1: White was based on a true story of a man 144 00:09:55,045 --> 00:10:00,325 Speaker 1: giving kids poisoned apples kids he thought were stealing from him. 145 00:10:00,805 --> 00:10:03,605 Speaker 1: But it's hard to believe one woman could inspire the 146 00:10:03,645 --> 00:10:06,485 Speaker 1: story of snow White when she pops up in stories 147 00:10:06,525 --> 00:10:22,325 Speaker 1: around the world time and time again. As I mentioned earlier, 148 00:10:22,685 --> 00:10:25,605 Speaker 1: snow White stories can be found all over the globe. 149 00:10:26,165 --> 00:10:29,245 Speaker 1: They might not have a magic mirror, but all stories 150 00:10:29,285 --> 00:10:32,965 Speaker 1: have the same setup. A family member envies a beautiful 151 00:10:32,965 --> 00:10:37,485 Speaker 1: young woman who is put into a suspended sleep. Mercina 152 00:10:37,565 --> 00:10:40,765 Speaker 1: is a Greek tale where the sun declares three times 153 00:10:40,885 --> 00:10:44,725 Speaker 1: the youngest of three sisters is the most beautiful, which 154 00:10:44,765 --> 00:10:49,245 Speaker 1: makes her two older sisters jealous. Nori Hadig is a 155 00:10:49,285 --> 00:10:52,965 Speaker 1: story from Armenia where the mother asks the moon who 156 00:10:53,045 --> 00:10:56,085 Speaker 1: is the prettiest in all the world. In the epic 157 00:10:56,125 --> 00:11:00,085 Speaker 1: Indian palm pod Novat from fifteen forty, the queen asks 158 00:11:00,165 --> 00:11:04,205 Speaker 1: a truth telling parrot if she or the princess Podmavat 159 00:11:04,405 --> 00:11:09,205 Speaker 1: is more beautiful. There's this epic Indonesian poem titled sayer 160 00:11:09,285 --> 00:11:13,445 Speaker 1: Bit Asari. It's believed to have been written around seventeen fifty. 161 00:11:14,645 --> 00:11:17,485 Speaker 1: I like this story simply because we haven't heard an 162 00:11:17,525 --> 00:11:21,285 Speaker 1: Indonesian story yet, but also because of their depiction of beauty. 163 00:11:21,325 --> 00:11:27,605 Speaker 1: In the eighteenth century, in the Palm, a merchant finds 164 00:11:27,605 --> 00:11:29,805 Speaker 1: a young girl in a basket floating down the river. 165 00:11:30,485 --> 00:11:33,805 Speaker 1: A fish is swimming beside her, and the merchant realizes 166 00:11:33,965 --> 00:11:35,885 Speaker 1: that if you take the fish out of the water, 167 00:11:36,125 --> 00:11:40,125 Speaker 1: then the girl stops breathing. The merchant decides to adopt 168 00:11:40,205 --> 00:11:42,685 Speaker 1: the girl, uses a vase to scoop the fish out 169 00:11:42,725 --> 00:11:45,125 Speaker 1: of the water, and then takes both the girl and 170 00:11:45,165 --> 00:11:50,285 Speaker 1: the fish home. Later, the king of the land marries 171 00:11:50,325 --> 00:11:54,245 Speaker 1: for the second time. The new queen is secretly a witch, 172 00:11:54,405 --> 00:11:58,005 Speaker 1: and she has a magic mirror. The queen asks the 173 00:11:58,045 --> 00:12:02,125 Speaker 1: magic mirror who's the prettiest in all the land. Normally 174 00:12:02,165 --> 00:12:05,565 Speaker 1: it says the queen, but this time it says bit Asari, 175 00:12:06,125 --> 00:12:08,445 Speaker 1: whose cheeks are the color of the bill of a 176 00:12:08,485 --> 00:12:12,885 Speaker 1: flying bird, her nose like a jasmine bud, her face 177 00:12:12,965 --> 00:12:15,685 Speaker 1: is like the yellow of an egg, and her teeth 178 00:12:15,805 --> 00:12:18,925 Speaker 1: like a bright pomegranate, which is like a reddish brown. 179 00:12:20,365 --> 00:12:23,125 Speaker 1: The queen brings Bitasari to the palace as a servant. 180 00:12:23,445 --> 00:12:26,285 Speaker 1: She hopes that her beauty will fade, but it doesn't, 181 00:12:26,965 --> 00:12:30,085 Speaker 1: so the queen decides to burn her face off, but 182 00:12:30,165 --> 00:12:33,045 Speaker 1: when she sets the girl on fire, she doesn't burn 183 00:12:33,485 --> 00:12:38,165 Speaker 1: and the fire is magically extinguished. Bitasari tells the queen 184 00:12:38,445 --> 00:12:41,365 Speaker 1: she can't hurt her that her life is tied to 185 00:12:41,405 --> 00:12:44,765 Speaker 1: a fish at home. So the queen finds the fish, 186 00:12:44,965 --> 00:12:47,045 Speaker 1: and when she removes it from the base, the girl 187 00:12:47,125 --> 00:12:50,645 Speaker 1: falls down dead. The queen then keeps the fish in 188 00:12:50,685 --> 00:12:58,405 Speaker 1: a locket around her neck. Bitasari's father is devastated. He 189 00:12:58,525 --> 00:13:02,325 Speaker 1: builds a tomb where he lays bit Asari to rest. 190 00:13:03,005 --> 00:13:05,965 Speaker 1: During this time, the queen's step son has and having 191 00:13:06,045 --> 00:13:09,645 Speaker 1: visions of Bitasari. He believes he's in love with her. 192 00:13:10,805 --> 00:13:13,205 Speaker 1: One day, he stumbles across the painting of her and 193 00:13:13,325 --> 00:13:17,205 Speaker 1: asks who she is. He's told she has died, and 194 00:13:17,245 --> 00:13:24,085 Speaker 1: he decides to visit her tomb. When he arrives, Bitasari 195 00:13:24,165 --> 00:13:26,885 Speaker 1: wakes up, but she doesn't wake up because of him, 196 00:13:27,205 --> 00:13:30,485 Speaker 1: but because at that moment, the queen is taking a bath, 197 00:13:31,045 --> 00:13:33,645 Speaker 1: and as she bathes, the fish falls out of the 198 00:13:33,645 --> 00:13:40,205 Speaker 1: locket into the water, alive. Bitasari uses that time to 199 00:13:40,285 --> 00:13:43,205 Speaker 1: tell the prince about his stepmother and how she needs 200 00:13:43,245 --> 00:13:47,725 Speaker 1: that fish to live. While Bitasari fills the prince in, 201 00:13:48,045 --> 00:13:50,445 Speaker 1: the queen notices the fish has fallen out of her 202 00:13:50,485 --> 00:13:52,765 Speaker 1: locket and scoops it up to put it back in 203 00:13:52,805 --> 00:13:58,765 Speaker 1: her necklace. Bitasari falls dead again. The step son rushes 204 00:13:58,805 --> 00:14:01,965 Speaker 1: home to confront his stepmother. The two fight, and the 205 00:14:02,005 --> 00:14:04,805 Speaker 1: prince kills the queen and puts the fish back in water. 206 00:14:07,885 --> 00:14:10,205 Speaker 1: That Assari comes back to life, and she and the 207 00:14:10,205 --> 00:14:20,005 Speaker 1: prince Mary. French author Charles Perraut may not have a 208 00:14:20,085 --> 00:14:23,725 Speaker 1: version of snow White, but Italian author John Batiste Basilee 209 00:14:24,045 --> 00:14:29,365 Speaker 1: doesn't disappoint. In sixteen thirty four he published The Young Slave, 210 00:14:29,845 --> 00:14:33,765 Speaker 1: which is not a great title. A baron has a 211 00:14:33,805 --> 00:14:37,205 Speaker 1: younger sister named Celia, and she goes to the garden 212 00:14:37,245 --> 00:14:40,965 Speaker 1: to play games with other young maidens. That day, a 213 00:14:41,045 --> 00:14:44,525 Speaker 1: rose tree has a beautiful new bloom. The maidens make 214 00:14:44,565 --> 00:14:47,085 Speaker 1: a wager to see who can jump over the tree 215 00:14:47,245 --> 00:14:52,765 Speaker 1: without damaging the bloom. All the maidens try to no avail. 216 00:14:52,885 --> 00:14:55,685 Speaker 1: When it was Celia's turn, she jumps over the tree 217 00:14:56,005 --> 00:15:00,485 Speaker 1: but knocks a single leaf off the bloom. She quickly 218 00:15:00,525 --> 00:15:05,165 Speaker 1: swallows the leaf before anyone notices. With her deception, she 219 00:15:05,165 --> 00:15:11,045 Speaker 1: wins the bet. Three days later, Celia feels she's pregnant. Worried, 220 00:15:11,245 --> 00:15:14,565 Speaker 1: she visits some fairy friends and they confirm her suspicions. 221 00:15:15,165 --> 00:15:18,525 Speaker 1: They say she is quote with child of the leaf 222 00:15:18,605 --> 00:15:23,685 Speaker 1: she had swallowed. Celia hides her magical pregnancy, and on 223 00:15:23,725 --> 00:15:27,685 Speaker 1: the fourteenth night, she gives birth in secret. Her daughter 224 00:15:27,765 --> 00:15:32,285 Speaker 1: is born with a face like the moon. Celia names 225 00:15:32,285 --> 00:15:34,765 Speaker 1: her Lisa, and then sends her daughter to be raised 226 00:15:34,765 --> 00:15:37,965 Speaker 1: by the fairies. Each of the fairies want to give 227 00:15:38,005 --> 00:15:41,365 Speaker 1: Lisa a charm, but the final fairy, who runs to 228 00:15:41,365 --> 00:15:45,205 Speaker 1: meet the child, twists her foot. In her anguish, she 229 00:15:45,365 --> 00:15:49,205 Speaker 1: curses Lisa, saying that when she turns seven, her mother 230 00:15:49,245 --> 00:15:52,365 Speaker 1: will forget a comb in Lisa's hair, which would cause 231 00:15:52,405 --> 00:15:57,405 Speaker 1: the girl to die. The fairy's curse comes to pass. 232 00:15:57,405 --> 00:16:01,085 Speaker 1: In her devastation, Celia has Lisa placed in a casket 233 00:16:01,285 --> 00:16:05,365 Speaker 1: made of seven crystals, one inside the other and locks 234 00:16:05,645 --> 00:16:09,365 Speaker 1: it in a distant chamber of the baron's castle. Celia 235 00:16:09,405 --> 00:16:12,685 Speaker 1: then keeps the key in her pocket. But not long 236 00:16:12,765 --> 00:16:17,685 Speaker 1: after Celia is on her deathbed, she entrusts all her 237 00:16:17,685 --> 00:16:21,045 Speaker 1: possessions to her brother. When she gives him the key, 238 00:16:21,285 --> 00:16:24,765 Speaker 1: she makes him promise he will never open the distant chamber. 239 00:16:25,445 --> 00:16:29,605 Speaker 1: He assures her he won't. A year later, the baron 240 00:16:29,685 --> 00:16:33,765 Speaker 1: marries while away on a hunt, the baron puts his 241 00:16:33,845 --> 00:16:36,325 Speaker 1: new wife in charge of the house and tells her 242 00:16:36,805 --> 00:16:40,405 Speaker 1: not to open the chamber. Of course, as soon as 243 00:16:40,405 --> 00:16:44,045 Speaker 1: the baron leaves, she searches a castle, finds the key 244 00:16:44,125 --> 00:16:47,845 Speaker 1: in his desk, and opens the room. The new wife 245 00:16:47,885 --> 00:16:50,685 Speaker 1: sees a girl in a casket made of seven crystals. 246 00:16:51,405 --> 00:16:54,325 Speaker 1: Lisa has grown as time has passed, and the caskets 247 00:16:54,325 --> 00:16:57,925 Speaker 1: have grown with her. The woman is filled with rage 248 00:16:57,965 --> 00:17:01,485 Speaker 1: and jealousy, believing her husband comes into this room to 249 00:17:01,525 --> 00:17:05,245 Speaker 1: worship the beautiful girl. In a fit, she yanks the 250 00:17:05,285 --> 00:17:08,405 Speaker 1: girl out of the casket by her hair, and doing so, 251 00:17:08,645 --> 00:17:11,685 Speaker 1: the comb falls out, and the girl wakes up crying 252 00:17:11,725 --> 00:17:15,765 Speaker 1: for her mom. The baroness answers, I'll give thee mama 253 00:17:15,805 --> 00:17:19,165 Speaker 1: and Papa, and proceeds to beat Lisa, cut her hair, 254 00:17:19,645 --> 00:17:23,805 Speaker 1: dress her in rags, and make her a slave. The 255 00:17:23,885 --> 00:17:27,525 Speaker 1: story says, every day the baroness beats on her head, 256 00:17:27,965 --> 00:17:31,885 Speaker 1: gives her black eyes, scratches her face and makes her 257 00:17:31,885 --> 00:17:36,725 Speaker 1: mouth bleed, as if she'd just eaten raw pigeons. When 258 00:17:36,725 --> 00:17:40,125 Speaker 1: the baron returns, he asks the baroness why the young 259 00:17:40,205 --> 00:17:44,925 Speaker 1: girl is being treated so poorly. The baroness lies, saying 260 00:17:44,965 --> 00:17:47,845 Speaker 1: her aunt had sent the child to her and she 261 00:17:47,925 --> 00:17:52,725 Speaker 1: needs to punish her to keep her in line. After 262 00:17:52,805 --> 00:17:56,245 Speaker 1: some time, the baron goes to the country fair. Being 263 00:17:56,365 --> 00:17:59,605 Speaker 1: kind hearted, he asks all the servants what they would like. 264 00:18:00,085 --> 00:18:03,485 Speaker 1: When it's Lisa's turn, The baroness tells him to ignore her, 265 00:18:03,685 --> 00:18:07,805 Speaker 1: but he would not. Lisa asks for a doll, a knife, 266 00:18:07,885 --> 00:18:11,885 Speaker 1: and a pummice stone. She also says that if he forgets, 267 00:18:12,045 --> 00:18:14,085 Speaker 1: he will not be able to cross over the river 268 00:18:14,165 --> 00:18:17,085 Speaker 1: on his way home, and so the baron heads to 269 00:18:17,125 --> 00:18:20,685 Speaker 1: the fair but forgets Lisa's items. When he tries to 270 00:18:20,725 --> 00:18:24,165 Speaker 1: cross the river, he can't. Then he remembers the slave 271 00:18:24,205 --> 00:18:28,965 Speaker 1: girl's request and goes back for her items. Once Lisa 272 00:18:29,005 --> 00:18:31,765 Speaker 1: has her gifts, she retires to the kitchen and tells 273 00:18:31,805 --> 00:18:34,925 Speaker 1: the doll her life's story. She asks the doll if 274 00:18:34,965 --> 00:18:37,645 Speaker 1: she hears her, and when the doll doesn't answer, she 275 00:18:37,685 --> 00:18:40,205 Speaker 1: begins sharpening the knife on the pummice stone. Saying she 276 00:18:40,245 --> 00:18:43,685 Speaker 1: will take her own life. At that, the doll grows 277 00:18:43,725 --> 00:18:47,565 Speaker 1: and answers, yes, I did hear thee I am not deaf. 278 00:18:49,525 --> 00:18:52,485 Speaker 1: This goes on for several days until one day the 279 00:18:52,525 --> 00:18:56,965 Speaker 1: baron overhears the servant girl crying and talking. He puts 280 00:18:56,965 --> 00:18:59,565 Speaker 1: his eye to the keyhole to see Lisa recounting her 281 00:18:59,605 --> 00:19:02,685 Speaker 1: story once again and sharpening her knife on the pummice stone. 282 00:19:03,725 --> 00:19:07,005 Speaker 1: At this point, the baron kicks down the door, snatches 283 00:19:07,125 --> 00:19:11,365 Speaker 1: the knife, and has Lisa tell him her story. When 284 00:19:11,405 --> 00:19:14,485 Speaker 1: he understands who she is and what she's been through, 285 00:19:15,005 --> 00:19:17,645 Speaker 1: the baron hugs his niece, then sends her to live 286 00:19:17,685 --> 00:19:21,525 Speaker 1: with other relatives and commands that she be well treated. 287 00:19:23,125 --> 00:19:26,805 Speaker 1: After a couple months, Lisa becomes as beautiful as a goddess, 288 00:19:27,125 --> 00:19:29,605 Speaker 1: and her uncle throws a great feast for her in 289 00:19:29,685 --> 00:19:33,965 Speaker 1: his castle. During this feast, he presents Lisa as his 290 00:19:34,085 --> 00:19:36,685 Speaker 1: niece and has her recount her tale to the guests. 291 00:19:37,965 --> 00:19:42,325 Speaker 1: Everyone weeps hearing how the baroness treated Lisa. The baron 292 00:19:42,365 --> 00:19:45,645 Speaker 1: then sends his wife back to her family, declaring she 293 00:19:45,925 --> 00:19:50,405 Speaker 1: is not worthy to be his mate. Later, the baron 294 00:19:50,445 --> 00:19:54,205 Speaker 1: finds his niece a handsome husband who she loves. It's 295 00:19:54,245 --> 00:20:04,405 Speaker 1: a happy ending. In some of the stories, it's actually 296 00:20:04,445 --> 00:20:07,045 Speaker 1: snow whites by a lot mother who kills her for 297 00:20:07,085 --> 00:20:11,365 Speaker 1: her beauty, like in the Scottish tale Silvertree gold Tree. 298 00:20:11,565 --> 00:20:14,605 Speaker 1: The story was collected by Joseph Jacobs and published in 299 00:20:14,645 --> 00:20:18,445 Speaker 1: eighteen ninety two. In this tale, a king has a 300 00:20:18,485 --> 00:20:22,805 Speaker 1: wife named Silvertree and a daughter named gold Tree. One day, 301 00:20:23,045 --> 00:20:25,445 Speaker 1: Silvertree and gold Tree visit a glen with a well. 302 00:20:26,285 --> 00:20:30,085 Speaker 1: The well has a trout swimming in it. Silvertree asks 303 00:20:30,165 --> 00:20:33,005 Speaker 1: the trout is she the most beautiful queen in all 304 00:20:33,085 --> 00:20:37,205 Speaker 1: the world. The trout replies she is not. When the 305 00:20:37,285 --> 00:20:40,845 Speaker 1: queen asks who is, then the trout says it's her daughter, 306 00:20:41,165 --> 00:20:45,125 Speaker 1: gold Tree. The queen goes blind with rage. When she 307 00:20:45,205 --> 00:20:48,125 Speaker 1: returns from the glen, she climbs into bed, claiming to 308 00:20:48,125 --> 00:20:51,485 Speaker 1: be sick and vows she'll never be well until she 309 00:20:51,645 --> 00:20:55,525 Speaker 1: eats her daughter's heart and liver. When the king gets home, 310 00:20:55,605 --> 00:20:58,165 Speaker 1: he asks his wife what is wrong, and she tells 311 00:20:58,245 --> 00:21:00,365 Speaker 1: him she needs to eat gold Tree's heart and liver 312 00:21:00,485 --> 00:21:04,685 Speaker 1: to be well. Luckily, a prince from another kingdom has 313 00:21:04,845 --> 00:21:07,405 Speaker 1: asked the king to marry gold Tree, and the king 314 00:21:07,485 --> 00:21:10,845 Speaker 1: has agreed, so the king sends her away with the 315 00:21:10,845 --> 00:21:13,925 Speaker 1: prince to keep her safe. He then has some men 316 00:21:14,005 --> 00:21:16,725 Speaker 1: hunt down a goat. The king feeds the queen the 317 00:21:16,765 --> 00:21:19,885 Speaker 1: heart and liver of the goat, claiming they are gold Trees, 318 00:21:20,285 --> 00:21:22,965 Speaker 1: and once she eats, the queen is well and healthy 319 00:21:23,005 --> 00:21:28,365 Speaker 1: once more. A year later, Silvertree visits the glen again. 320 00:21:29,085 --> 00:21:32,565 Speaker 1: She asks the trout who's the most beautiful queen, and 321 00:21:32,645 --> 00:21:36,405 Speaker 1: the trout responds gold Tree. The queen says it can't 322 00:21:36,445 --> 00:21:39,925 Speaker 1: be because gold Tree is dead. The trout then tells 323 00:21:39,965 --> 00:21:42,565 Speaker 1: her that her daughter isn't dead, but married to a 324 00:21:42,645 --> 00:21:47,125 Speaker 1: prince oversees. Silvertree begs the king to give her the 325 00:21:47,165 --> 00:21:50,125 Speaker 1: long ship to visit her daughter. For some reason, the 326 00:21:50,245 --> 00:21:53,805 Speaker 1: king agrees. The queen takes the long ship, which is 327 00:21:53,925 --> 00:21:56,805 Speaker 1: wide and stable but fast and light, and heads to 328 00:21:56,845 --> 00:22:01,845 Speaker 1: the kingdom across the sea. Gold Tree recognizes the long 329 00:22:01,885 --> 00:22:05,205 Speaker 1: ship as it's coming ashore. She tells her servants it's 330 00:22:05,205 --> 00:22:08,805 Speaker 1: her coming to kill her. The servants devise a plan 331 00:22:08,965 --> 00:22:11,085 Speaker 1: to lock gold Tree in a room where her mother 332 00:22:11,165 --> 00:22:15,845 Speaker 1: can't reach her. When Silvertree reaches the castle, she cries 333 00:22:15,925 --> 00:22:18,365 Speaker 1: out for Goldtree to come say hello to her. Mother. 334 00:22:19,125 --> 00:22:22,005 Speaker 1: Goldtree says she can't because she's locked in a room, 335 00:22:22,685 --> 00:22:25,925 Speaker 1: but Silvertree convinces her daughter to stick her finger through 336 00:22:25,965 --> 00:22:28,325 Speaker 1: the keyhole so that she could give it a kiss. 337 00:22:29,045 --> 00:22:32,285 Speaker 1: When Goldtree does, her mother puts a poisoned stab in 338 00:22:32,325 --> 00:22:36,165 Speaker 1: her daughter's finger. The prince is heartbroken when he returns 339 00:22:36,205 --> 00:22:39,605 Speaker 1: to find his wife dead, but she's too beautiful to bury, 340 00:22:40,645 --> 00:22:42,845 Speaker 1: so he locks her away in a room and keeps 341 00:22:42,845 --> 00:22:47,005 Speaker 1: the key on him. A while later, the prince remarries. 342 00:22:47,845 --> 00:22:49,925 Speaker 1: One day, he forgets to keep the key on him, 343 00:22:50,125 --> 00:22:53,085 Speaker 1: and his new wife takes it. It opens the room. 344 00:22:53,445 --> 00:22:57,085 Speaker 1: There she finds Goldtree, the most beautiful woman she's ever seen. 345 00:22:58,245 --> 00:23:01,125 Speaker 1: The new wife notices the stab in gold Tree's finger 346 00:23:01,325 --> 00:23:05,765 Speaker 1: and pulls it out. Goldtree awakens alive once again and 347 00:23:05,845 --> 00:23:10,645 Speaker 1: as beautiful as ever. The prince returns from hunting crestfallen. 348 00:23:11,325 --> 00:23:14,525 Speaker 1: His wife asks what's wrong, and he replies he wishes 349 00:23:14,565 --> 00:23:17,725 Speaker 1: gold Tree was alive. She tells him that gold Tree 350 00:23:17,805 --> 00:23:20,485 Speaker 1: is indeed alive once again, in the room he had 351 00:23:20,485 --> 00:23:24,205 Speaker 1: put her in. When the prince sees gold Tree, he 352 00:23:24,325 --> 00:23:28,725 Speaker 1: is overjoyed and can't stop kissing her. The new wife says, 353 00:23:28,885 --> 00:23:32,365 Speaker 1: since the prince married her first. She will leave, but 354 00:23:32,405 --> 00:23:35,565 Speaker 1: the prince says no, that he will have both of them, 355 00:23:35,685 --> 00:23:38,725 Speaker 1: and this turns out to be a good thing. At 356 00:23:38,725 --> 00:23:41,805 Speaker 1: the end of that same year, Silvertree visits the glen 357 00:23:41,925 --> 00:23:44,485 Speaker 1: for a third time and learns that gold Tree is 358 00:23:44,525 --> 00:23:49,085 Speaker 1: still alive. Once again, Silvertree convinces her husband to lend 359 00:23:49,085 --> 00:23:52,845 Speaker 1: her the longboat to visit gold Tree. The prince is 360 00:23:52,845 --> 00:23:56,485 Speaker 1: out hunting when gold Tree notices the longboat. She tells 361 00:23:56,565 --> 00:23:58,925 Speaker 1: the second wife it's her mother coming to kill her. 362 00:23:59,525 --> 00:24:02,325 Speaker 1: So the second wife joins gold Tree to meet Silvertree. 363 00:24:03,525 --> 00:24:06,725 Speaker 1: When Silvertree comes ashore, she tells gold Tree she has 364 00:24:06,765 --> 00:24:09,925 Speaker 1: a precious drink to share with her. The second wife 365 00:24:09,925 --> 00:24:12,965 Speaker 1: tells Silvertree it is customary in their country that the 366 00:24:12,965 --> 00:24:15,965 Speaker 1: person who offers the drink must take the first sip. 367 00:24:17,165 --> 00:24:20,165 Speaker 1: As Silvertree brings the cup to her lips, the second 368 00:24:20,245 --> 00:24:23,045 Speaker 1: wife knocks the cup so some of the liquid goes 369 00:24:23,085 --> 00:24:27,365 Speaker 1: down the queen's throat. The queen falls down dead, then 370 00:24:27,445 --> 00:24:31,205 Speaker 1: gold Tree and the second wife bury her corpse. The 371 00:24:31,245 --> 00:24:33,845 Speaker 1: prince and two wives then lived happily the rest of 372 00:24:33,885 --> 00:24:38,645 Speaker 1: their days. The story ends with the line I left 373 00:24:38,685 --> 00:24:41,805 Speaker 1: them there. I'm not sure what that line means or 374 00:24:41,845 --> 00:24:45,005 Speaker 1: why it's included in the tail, but I liked it. 375 00:24:45,005 --> 00:24:47,845 Speaker 1: It makes me feel like the narrator was watching from 376 00:24:47,885 --> 00:24:50,925 Speaker 1: a distant hill, and now that this tale has concluded, 377 00:24:51,125 --> 00:24:55,925 Speaker 1: they're off to find other stories. As discussed in previous episodes, 378 00:24:56,125 --> 00:25:02,685 Speaker 1: the Grimms heavily editorialize the stories they collected. Similar to Rumpelstilskin. 379 00:25:02,925 --> 00:25:06,445 Speaker 1: The brothers created their own version of snow White, including 380 00:25:06,685 --> 00:25:10,725 Speaker 1: making the biological mother a stepmother. Here's doctor Schwabe. 381 00:25:12,685 --> 00:25:15,845 Speaker 3: In many versions, early versions of the Grim's fairy tales, 382 00:25:16,085 --> 00:25:19,685 Speaker 3: it was always biological mothers, and then with the second 383 00:25:19,965 --> 00:25:24,005 Speaker 3: edition and later, the Grims swapped them out for stepmothers 384 00:25:24,045 --> 00:25:27,725 Speaker 3: to preserve the good mother, the sanctity of the good mother, 385 00:25:28,125 --> 00:25:30,845 Speaker 3: and also they had a really good relationship with their 386 00:25:30,885 --> 00:25:33,885 Speaker 3: own mother, so I think there were might have been 387 00:25:33,885 --> 00:25:38,165 Speaker 3: also some complaints from mothers actually about these fairy tales, 388 00:25:38,205 --> 00:25:39,885 Speaker 3: and that's why they swapped that out. 389 00:25:41,365 --> 00:25:44,445 Speaker 1: The brother's grim tail also reflects the beauty standards for 390 00:25:44,525 --> 00:25:48,805 Speaker 1: Western culture at the time. Doctor Schwabe explained what the 391 00:25:48,845 --> 00:25:50,685 Speaker 1: colors and snow white represent. 392 00:25:51,925 --> 00:25:55,765 Speaker 3: We think of the white as snow. We always think 393 00:25:55,845 --> 00:26:00,405 Speaker 3: of skin and red as blood, we think of the lips, 394 00:26:00,565 --> 00:26:03,845 Speaker 3: and then you know, for the black as ebony, would 395 00:26:04,045 --> 00:26:07,085 Speaker 3: we think of the hair, But that if you read closely, 396 00:26:07,165 --> 00:26:10,685 Speaker 3: that is not emphasized in the tail, and in some 397 00:26:10,965 --> 00:26:15,645 Speaker 3: versions it's also the eyes are black as ebony, or 398 00:26:15,685 --> 00:26:19,125 Speaker 3: the cheeks are as red as blood. The body parts 399 00:26:19,165 --> 00:26:22,965 Speaker 3: are not labeled specifically when you ask yourself what do 400 00:26:23,085 --> 00:26:28,805 Speaker 3: these colors represent. So white is, at least in Western culture, 401 00:26:29,445 --> 00:26:33,565 Speaker 3: associated with innocence, and we can tie it to birth. 402 00:26:34,325 --> 00:26:40,805 Speaker 3: Red represents life and passion, and black represents death, so 403 00:26:40,845 --> 00:26:46,165 Speaker 3: we can really go full circle. Also, they allude to 404 00:26:46,205 --> 00:26:49,965 Speaker 3: the triple goddess, the Maiden, the Mother, and the Crone. 405 00:26:50,045 --> 00:26:51,725 Speaker 3: And I don't know if you know that, but that 406 00:26:51,965 --> 00:26:55,965 Speaker 3: came way after the Grims, So between eighteen sixty seven 407 00:26:56,205 --> 00:27:00,565 Speaker 3: and nineteen eighty, the flag of the German Empire was 408 00:27:00,645 --> 00:27:04,565 Speaker 3: also black, white, and red. So I just wanted to 409 00:27:04,605 --> 00:27:07,245 Speaker 3: point that out. It's an interesting parallel. 410 00:27:10,165 --> 00:27:12,445 Speaker 1: Now let's pick up the grim Snow White story where 411 00:27:12,445 --> 00:27:15,965 Speaker 1: we left off. At the beginning of the episode. The 412 00:27:16,085 --> 00:27:19,445 Speaker 1: queen has just eaten lungs and a liver, believing them 413 00:27:19,485 --> 00:27:24,525 Speaker 1: to be snow whites. But snow White is still alive. Terrified, 414 00:27:24,765 --> 00:27:27,445 Speaker 1: snow White runs through the woods until she stumbles upon 415 00:27:27,485 --> 00:27:32,085 Speaker 1: a little house where seven little doarves live. It's empty. Exhausted, 416 00:27:32,285 --> 00:27:35,645 Speaker 1: snow White falls asleep in one of their beds. When 417 00:27:35,645 --> 00:27:38,685 Speaker 1: the seven dwarfs arrive home from the mine, they notice 418 00:27:38,725 --> 00:27:41,365 Speaker 1: their food has been eaten, their wine has been drunk, 419 00:27:41,645 --> 00:27:44,205 Speaker 1: and there is a girl sleeping in one of their beds. 420 00:27:45,245 --> 00:27:47,885 Speaker 1: When she wakes up, she tells the dwarves what's happened 421 00:27:47,925 --> 00:27:50,725 Speaker 1: to her. They agree to let her stay as long 422 00:27:50,765 --> 00:27:54,765 Speaker 1: as she DOA's chores. Snow agrees, but the dwarves also 423 00:27:54,805 --> 00:27:57,645 Speaker 1: warn her she will be alone all day while they work, 424 00:27:57,805 --> 00:28:02,165 Speaker 1: so she must be cautious. The next morning, the Queen 425 00:28:02,245 --> 00:28:04,845 Speaker 1: asks the mirror about being the fairest in the land. 426 00:28:06,045 --> 00:28:10,245 Speaker 1: The Queen is startled to learn it's still snow. She 427 00:28:10,445 --> 00:28:14,725 Speaker 1: realizes the huntsmen lied. The Queen knows the dwarfs must 428 00:28:14,765 --> 00:28:17,565 Speaker 1: have saved snow White because they're the only ones who 429 00:28:17,605 --> 00:28:20,485 Speaker 1: live in the seven Mountains, so she dresses up as 430 00:28:20,485 --> 00:28:24,365 Speaker 1: an old peddler woman. The Queen arrives at the dwarf's home, 431 00:28:24,565 --> 00:28:27,925 Speaker 1: calling out for someone to open up. Snow asks the 432 00:28:27,965 --> 00:28:33,285 Speaker 1: disguised queen what she's selling, and the queen says, bodice laces. Snow, 433 00:28:33,445 --> 00:28:36,325 Speaker 1: believing the queen's costume, opens the door to let the 434 00:28:36,325 --> 00:28:40,605 Speaker 1: woman help relace her bodice. The queen ties the bodice's 435 00:28:40,685 --> 00:28:44,525 Speaker 1: lace so tightly that Snow can't breathe and falls to 436 00:28:44,565 --> 00:28:51,005 Speaker 1: the ground, seemingly dead. The queen leaves satisfied. As night falls, 437 00:28:51,125 --> 00:28:53,565 Speaker 1: the doors return home to find snow on the floor. 438 00:28:54,365 --> 00:28:57,565 Speaker 1: They realize the lace bodice is too tight and cut 439 00:28:57,565 --> 00:29:01,845 Speaker 1: it off. She is revived. They then warn her about 440 00:29:01,925 --> 00:29:05,685 Speaker 1: letting people inside the house. The next time, the queen 441 00:29:05,765 --> 00:29:07,885 Speaker 1: asks the mirror who's the fairest and all the land. 442 00:29:08,365 --> 00:29:11,965 Speaker 1: She is shocked again that it's still snow, so the 443 00:29:12,045 --> 00:29:14,805 Speaker 1: queen spends the next day and a half devising a 444 00:29:14,845 --> 00:29:19,205 Speaker 1: new plan. She makes a poisoned comb and dons a 445 00:29:19,205 --> 00:29:22,965 Speaker 1: new disguise. She travels back to the dowarfs home and 446 00:29:23,045 --> 00:29:26,445 Speaker 1: knocks on their door. Snow tells the woman she's not 447 00:29:26,605 --> 00:29:29,525 Speaker 1: allowed to let anyone in, but when the Queen pulls 448 00:29:29,525 --> 00:29:33,005 Speaker 1: the comb out, Snow loves how beautifully it glistens and 449 00:29:33,085 --> 00:29:36,125 Speaker 1: opens the door. The moment the queen puts the coal 450 00:29:36,245 --> 00:29:39,125 Speaker 1: in Snow's hair. The girl falls down dead and the 451 00:29:39,205 --> 00:29:44,485 Speaker 1: queen leaves satisfied. The dowarves arrive home just in time 452 00:29:44,565 --> 00:29:48,045 Speaker 1: and remove the comb. When Snow wakes back up, they 453 00:29:48,085 --> 00:29:51,725 Speaker 1: warn her to not let anyone in, and Snow promises. 454 00:29:52,765 --> 00:29:56,485 Speaker 1: For the third time, the queen asks the mirror who's 455 00:29:56,525 --> 00:29:59,525 Speaker 1: the fairest and all the land, and yet again the 456 00:29:59,605 --> 00:30:05,565 Speaker 1: mirror responds Snow. The queen is furious and heads to 457 00:30:05,605 --> 00:30:09,605 Speaker 1: her secret room. There she creates an apple one half 458 00:30:09,685 --> 00:30:13,245 Speaker 1: is safe, but the other half is poisoned, and dresses 459 00:30:13,325 --> 00:30:15,925 Speaker 1: as a peasant woman. She then heads back to the 460 00:30:15,925 --> 00:30:19,405 Speaker 1: little house in the mountains. This time, Snow is more 461 00:30:19,445 --> 00:30:22,965 Speaker 1: suspicious and won't let the woman in, so the clever 462 00:30:23,125 --> 00:30:25,845 Speaker 1: queen cuts the apple in two and takes a bite 463 00:30:25,885 --> 00:30:29,445 Speaker 1: out of the non poisonous side. Snow's desire for the 464 00:30:29,445 --> 00:30:32,445 Speaker 1: apple grows so much that she lets the old woman 465 00:30:32,605 --> 00:30:36,725 Speaker 1: hand her the other half through the window. Snow barely 466 00:30:36,805 --> 00:30:40,605 Speaker 1: takes a bite before she falls down dead. This time. 467 00:30:40,725 --> 00:30:43,325 Speaker 1: When the doorves get home, they can't figure out what 468 00:30:43,445 --> 00:30:46,565 Speaker 1: is wrong with her and can't revive her. They lay 469 00:30:46,565 --> 00:30:50,125 Speaker 1: her on a beer and cry for three days. When 470 00:30:50,165 --> 00:30:53,005 Speaker 1: they notice her body remains fresh. They build her a 471 00:30:53,005 --> 00:30:56,245 Speaker 1: glass coffin with gold letters that spell her name and 472 00:30:56,365 --> 00:31:00,165 Speaker 1: have her ancestry, and one of them always remains by 473 00:31:00,165 --> 00:31:04,565 Speaker 1: her side. Time passes and snow remains in the coffin. 474 00:31:09,405 --> 00:31:11,765 Speaker 1: One day, a prince rides through the mountains and comes 475 00:31:11,805 --> 00:31:15,085 Speaker 1: upon the dwarfs home. He asks for shelter for the night, 476 00:31:15,165 --> 00:31:18,365 Speaker 1: and they agree. In their parlor, he sees snow in 477 00:31:18,405 --> 00:31:21,325 Speaker 1: her coffin, and he learns she was a king's daughter. 478 00:31:22,365 --> 00:31:25,285 Speaker 1: He is so taken by her beauty he asks the 479 00:31:25,365 --> 00:31:27,645 Speaker 1: dorives to sell her to him so he can take 480 00:31:27,645 --> 00:31:31,565 Speaker 1: her home, but they refuse. Then he asks if they 481 00:31:31,565 --> 00:31:34,125 Speaker 1: would give her to him because he can't live without 482 00:31:34,165 --> 00:31:37,565 Speaker 1: seeing her, and he promises to cherish her as the 483 00:31:37,605 --> 00:31:41,245 Speaker 1: most valuable thing on earth. The dwarfs take pity and 484 00:31:41,285 --> 00:31:45,285 Speaker 1: give the prince the coffin. The prince takes the coffin 485 00:31:45,325 --> 00:31:47,525 Speaker 1: to his castle and places it in a room where 486 00:31:47,525 --> 00:31:50,765 Speaker 1: he watches it day and night. Anywhere he goes. He 487 00:31:50,845 --> 00:31:53,445 Speaker 1: has servants carry it because he could not bear to 488 00:31:53,485 --> 00:31:58,245 Speaker 1: be parted from snow. This angers the servants. One day, 489 00:31:58,405 --> 00:32:01,285 Speaker 1: one of the servants removes the lid and sits snow 490 00:32:01,365 --> 00:32:04,805 Speaker 1: upright saying we are plagued the whole day long just 491 00:32:04,925 --> 00:32:07,605 Speaker 1: because of such a dead girl, and hits her in 492 00:32:07,645 --> 00:32:11,405 Speaker 1: the back. This dislodges the piece of apple, and Snow 493 00:32:11,485 --> 00:32:15,365 Speaker 1: once again comes to life. Snow walks up to the prince, 494 00:32:15,445 --> 00:32:19,005 Speaker 1: who was filled with joy. The two then decide to marry. 495 00:32:20,005 --> 00:32:23,165 Speaker 1: Their wedding is set for the next day. Snow's stepmother 496 00:32:23,285 --> 00:32:26,925 Speaker 1: is invited. That morning, the queen steps in front of 497 00:32:26,965 --> 00:32:29,845 Speaker 1: the magic mirror again, only for it to tell her 498 00:32:30,005 --> 00:32:32,525 Speaker 1: the new Queen is a fairison all the land, but 499 00:32:32,645 --> 00:32:36,365 Speaker 1: she doesn't know it's Snow. The Queen is horrified, but 500 00:32:36,405 --> 00:32:40,005 Speaker 1: her jealousy drives her to attend the wedding anyway. When 501 00:32:40,005 --> 00:32:43,365 Speaker 1: the queen arrives, she sees the new Queen is snow white. 502 00:32:44,005 --> 00:32:46,565 Speaker 1: The Queen is afraid, and they make her put on 503 00:32:46,605 --> 00:32:48,685 Speaker 1: a pair of iron shoes that had been heated in 504 00:32:48,765 --> 00:32:56,805 Speaker 1: a fire and dance until she dies in the Grimm's tail. 505 00:32:57,005 --> 00:32:59,965 Speaker 1: The evil queen meets a violent end, and perhaps in 506 00:32:59,965 --> 00:33:04,165 Speaker 1: the Grim's eyes, this punishment was fair because not only 507 00:33:04,205 --> 00:33:07,965 Speaker 1: did she poison an inner sent woman multiple times, the 508 00:33:08,005 --> 00:33:12,245 Speaker 1: stepmother corrupted the idea of motherhood. Doctor Schwabe says the 509 00:33:12,285 --> 00:33:15,285 Speaker 1: Grims were big on protecting biological mothers. 510 00:33:16,685 --> 00:33:19,565 Speaker 3: Snow White never really had a mother, and if you 511 00:33:19,845 --> 00:33:23,525 Speaker 3: read the text very closely, it's also things that a 512 00:33:23,645 --> 00:33:26,645 Speaker 3: mother would do. And she would say, oh, come, let 513 00:33:26,645 --> 00:33:30,165 Speaker 3: me brush your hair properly like a mother would do, 514 00:33:30,565 --> 00:33:33,045 Speaker 3: or let me lace you up properly, like a mother 515 00:33:33,125 --> 00:33:35,805 Speaker 3: would do to her daughter. And it's the there is 516 00:33:35,925 --> 00:33:40,085 Speaker 3: this tension or this parallel or the nourishing factor, you know, 517 00:33:40,085 --> 00:33:42,525 Speaker 3: and let me give you food. It's what the mother does. 518 00:33:43,085 --> 00:33:48,165 Speaker 3: And so she twists these things and distorts them because 519 00:33:48,205 --> 00:33:49,685 Speaker 3: it's the evil step mother. 520 00:33:51,285 --> 00:33:56,445 Speaker 1: Doctor Schwabe brings up another huge theme of snow White beauty. 521 00:33:56,605 --> 00:33:59,605 Speaker 1: We have to think why was the queen so threatened 522 00:33:59,605 --> 00:34:03,605 Speaker 1: by the beauty of her stepdaughter, well, because beauty was 523 00:34:03,645 --> 00:34:05,525 Speaker 1: one of the only ways women could have. 524 00:34:05,565 --> 00:34:10,045 Speaker 3: Power, especially at the end where we have the wedding 525 00:34:10,205 --> 00:34:14,085 Speaker 3: scene and she is so afraid that it's emphasized several 526 00:34:14,085 --> 00:34:17,045 Speaker 3: times that the queen is so afraid. You have to 527 00:34:17,085 --> 00:34:20,005 Speaker 3: ask yourself, why is she so afraid? Why is she 528 00:34:20,085 --> 00:34:23,165 Speaker 3: in such fear. Is it that they found out that 529 00:34:23,245 --> 00:34:26,045 Speaker 3: she tried to kill snow White or is it the 530 00:34:26,125 --> 00:34:30,365 Speaker 3: fact that her scheme didn't work out, and she's no 531 00:34:30,445 --> 00:34:33,925 Speaker 3: longer the most beautiful of all meanings. She's getting old 532 00:34:34,005 --> 00:34:37,965 Speaker 3: and she is going to die. The women didn't have 533 00:34:38,125 --> 00:34:41,685 Speaker 3: much power in those days, and the only power the 534 00:34:41,725 --> 00:34:46,325 Speaker 3: Wicked Queen has is her beauty. That's what gives her power. 535 00:34:46,405 --> 00:34:50,765 Speaker 3: That's why the king essentially picked her to be his queen. 536 00:34:51,485 --> 00:34:54,485 Speaker 3: And by the way, the king is completely absent in 537 00:34:54,525 --> 00:34:57,445 Speaker 3: the story, and we can talk about it later, but 538 00:34:57,565 --> 00:35:00,685 Speaker 3: that the mirror. We don't know the voice of the mirror, 539 00:35:00,725 --> 00:35:03,685 Speaker 3: if it's male or female, but in most adaptations it's 540 00:35:03,845 --> 00:35:07,325 Speaker 3: a male voice, and we can zoom that the mirror 541 00:35:07,485 --> 00:35:13,005 Speaker 3: stands representative for the king's voice or patriarchy if you 542 00:35:13,045 --> 00:35:17,565 Speaker 3: want so. Coming back to the queen, her beauty is 543 00:35:17,605 --> 00:35:21,725 Speaker 3: her only power. So when she finds out and the 544 00:35:21,725 --> 00:35:24,885 Speaker 3: mirror tells her that snow White is a thousand times 545 00:35:24,925 --> 00:35:27,645 Speaker 3: fairer than her, she knows this is the point where 546 00:35:28,165 --> 00:35:31,925 Speaker 3: snow White's beauty is taking over and she is in danger. 547 00:35:32,005 --> 00:35:36,405 Speaker 3: At that point that her power wanes and snow White 548 00:35:36,405 --> 00:35:37,725 Speaker 3: will be the new queen. 549 00:35:39,125 --> 00:35:54,805 Speaker 1: And that theme of beauty still resonates today. Walt Disney's 550 00:35:54,845 --> 00:35:58,485 Speaker 1: nineteen thirty seven release of Snow White change the company 551 00:35:58,645 --> 00:36:02,365 Speaker 1: and the history of animation forever. Snow White was the 552 00:36:02,445 --> 00:36:07,285 Speaker 1: first US full length animated film, and although Disney had 553 00:36:07,405 --> 00:36:10,885 Speaker 1: used a multiplane camera to create depth on an animated 554 00:36:10,925 --> 00:36:14,645 Speaker 1: short before, snow White was the first time to use 555 00:36:14,685 --> 00:36:18,325 Speaker 1: that process for a feature length film. It was the 556 00:36:18,405 --> 00:36:22,685 Speaker 1: highest grossing film of its time. Disney Snow White and 557 00:36:22,725 --> 00:36:26,445 Speaker 1: the Seven Dwarfs also changed parts of the story. It 558 00:36:26,605 --> 00:36:30,125 Speaker 1: was the first time the doors were given names and personalities. 559 00:36:30,685 --> 00:36:33,885 Speaker 1: It's also when Truelove's Kiss to Wake snow was introduced 560 00:36:33,885 --> 00:36:37,325 Speaker 1: to the story, which, as I've talked about on the show, 561 00:36:37,605 --> 00:36:42,085 Speaker 1: comes with a range of issues. Here's doctor Schwabe. 562 00:36:42,325 --> 00:36:45,845 Speaker 3: So the whole thing of a woman sleeping and then 563 00:36:45,925 --> 00:36:50,485 Speaker 3: being rescued by a hero savior. I think that goes 564 00:36:50,805 --> 00:36:52,885 Speaker 3: way back, and that's why we have it show up 565 00:36:52,885 --> 00:36:55,245 Speaker 3: in so many fairy tales, and it's just the typical 566 00:36:55,365 --> 00:37:01,325 Speaker 3: damsel in distress needs rescuing from a hero male figure. 567 00:37:01,725 --> 00:37:06,205 Speaker 3: But also in snow White, and this has been set before, 568 00:37:06,405 --> 00:37:11,165 Speaker 3: she really becomes an object of art if you want, 569 00:37:11,245 --> 00:37:16,005 Speaker 3: because she is in this class coffin, and remember the 570 00:37:16,565 --> 00:37:20,005 Speaker 3: name is written in golden letters, so she becomes the 571 00:37:20,165 --> 00:37:23,925 Speaker 3: still objects something to be admired and gazed at and 572 00:37:23,965 --> 00:37:30,445 Speaker 3: looked at. But she herself is static. She is comatose 573 00:37:30,565 --> 00:37:32,605 Speaker 3: or what you want to call it, and she can't 574 00:37:32,685 --> 00:37:37,725 Speaker 3: move and speak. She's silent. She is really an object 575 00:37:38,085 --> 00:37:39,685 Speaker 3: just to be looked at. 576 00:37:40,565 --> 00:37:44,685 Speaker 1: Since Disney, there have been so many snow White variations, 577 00:37:44,805 --> 00:37:51,445 Speaker 1: approaching the story in different ways. Some tales day pretty 578 00:37:51,445 --> 00:37:53,925 Speaker 1: true to the brothers Grim snow White, with slight changes. 579 00:37:54,885 --> 00:37:59,485 Speaker 3: We have a lot more emancipated female protagonists who fight 580 00:37:59,565 --> 00:38:04,165 Speaker 3: for their own destiny and don't need a male savior anymore, 581 00:38:04,765 --> 00:38:07,485 Speaker 3: like even you know snow White and the Huntsman, just 582 00:38:07,565 --> 00:38:10,285 Speaker 3: that she's a lot more like she's a warrior maiden. 583 00:38:11,445 --> 00:38:13,645 Speaker 1: And then we have stories that turn the tail on 584 00:38:13,685 --> 00:38:17,485 Speaker 1: its head, like Neil Gaiman's snow Glass and Apples. 585 00:38:18,405 --> 00:38:22,165 Speaker 3: The story is told from the perspective of the queen, 586 00:38:22,765 --> 00:38:26,685 Speaker 3: and snow White is a vampire and she kills her 587 00:38:26,725 --> 00:38:30,925 Speaker 3: father and she still gets together with the prince, but 588 00:38:31,045 --> 00:38:32,205 Speaker 3: they're the bad ones. 589 00:38:33,365 --> 00:38:38,045 Speaker 1: Some even rework the evil stepmother to make her less evil. 590 00:38:37,725 --> 00:38:40,565 Speaker 3: Because it's totally unfair to all the stepmothers out there 591 00:38:41,485 --> 00:38:44,125 Speaker 3: that they have to fight against the stereotype. And we 592 00:38:44,245 --> 00:38:48,085 Speaker 3: have to come to a new understanding of stepmothers as 593 00:38:48,085 --> 00:38:51,925 Speaker 3: a whole and try to get away from that stereotypical 594 00:38:52,005 --> 00:38:52,925 Speaker 3: evil stepmother. 595 00:38:54,085 --> 00:38:57,045 Speaker 1: As we said, something all of these snow White tales 596 00:38:57,045 --> 00:39:00,525 Speaker 1: have in common is, of course, jealousy about another's beauty. 597 00:39:01,205 --> 00:39:05,085 Speaker 1: But many contemporary versions of the tale question not only 598 00:39:05,165 --> 00:39:08,525 Speaker 1: why beauty is so valuable, but where does that judgment 599 00:39:08,605 --> 00:39:12,005 Speaker 1: of our beauty come from. One way to understand this 600 00:39:12,125 --> 00:39:15,405 Speaker 1: idea is how newer versions of snow White have changed 601 00:39:15,405 --> 00:39:18,645 Speaker 1: the voice of the magic mirror. Take, for example, the 602 00:39:18,765 --> 00:39:22,845 Speaker 1: nineteen ninety seven feature length film titled snow White, A 603 00:39:22,965 --> 00:39:23,765 Speaker 1: Tale of Terror. 604 00:39:24,845 --> 00:39:29,645 Speaker 3: There's one adaptation with Sigourney Weaver which I actually like 605 00:39:29,725 --> 00:39:33,285 Speaker 3: a lot, where she sees herself her reflection and she 606 00:39:33,605 --> 00:39:37,005 Speaker 3: speaks in a female voice and she sees her own reflection. 607 00:39:37,165 --> 00:39:39,805 Speaker 3: And that I always ask my students, so what do 608 00:39:39,885 --> 00:39:43,405 Speaker 3: we make of this? That we imagine the voice of 609 00:39:43,445 --> 00:39:46,885 Speaker 3: a mirror to be a male voice? And then usually 610 00:39:47,125 --> 00:39:53,205 Speaker 3: my students notice, well, maybe it's the judging of the 611 00:39:53,245 --> 00:39:57,645 Speaker 3: male or the king. It's the judgmental voice that because 612 00:39:57,645 --> 00:40:00,525 Speaker 3: the king is not present in the fairy tale, so 613 00:40:00,565 --> 00:40:03,845 Speaker 3: that the mirror is a stand in for the absent king, 614 00:40:04,405 --> 00:40:09,525 Speaker 3: and you know, women still look into the mirror or 615 00:40:09,845 --> 00:40:14,725 Speaker 3: their social media posts, and we are still recipients of 616 00:40:14,765 --> 00:40:16,765 Speaker 3: these judgmental voices. 617 00:40:18,245 --> 00:40:21,245 Speaker 1: It's very much buying into the idea that our beauty 618 00:40:21,325 --> 00:40:22,805 Speaker 1: is based on the male gaze. 619 00:40:24,085 --> 00:40:27,525 Speaker 3: It's the patriarchy or what do you want to call it? 620 00:40:29,045 --> 00:40:31,605 Speaker 1: And the story I want to end today's episode with 621 00:40:31,885 --> 00:40:36,285 Speaker 1: challenges the modern standards of beauty. It's the twenty nineteen 622 00:40:36,405 --> 00:40:40,765 Speaker 1: Red Shoes and the Seven Dwarfs full length animation. The 623 00:40:40,845 --> 00:40:45,405 Speaker 1: Seven Dwarfs are actually seven princes who are cursed. They 624 00:40:45,445 --> 00:40:48,685 Speaker 1: were cursed by a princess who they thought was actually 625 00:40:48,685 --> 00:40:51,525 Speaker 1: a witch because they thought she was too ugly to 626 00:40:51,525 --> 00:40:55,565 Speaker 1: be a princess. The magic wielding princess says to break 627 00:40:55,605 --> 00:40:59,765 Speaker 1: the spell, they have to kiss the most beautiful girl, Snow, 628 00:40:59,885 --> 00:41:02,605 Speaker 1: who calls herself Red Shoes, is trying to save her father, 629 00:41:02,725 --> 00:41:05,965 Speaker 1: who has disappeared. She stumbles upon a pair of red 630 00:41:06,005 --> 00:41:09,165 Speaker 1: shoes that change her appearance from a regular everyday girl 631 00:41:09,565 --> 00:41:14,645 Speaker 1: to an unrealistic Barbie Dolph figure Doe eyes included, and 632 00:41:14,805 --> 00:41:19,245 Speaker 1: in the end, the characters learn beauty isn't defined by appearance. 633 00:41:23,725 --> 00:41:26,605 Speaker 1: Next time, an author who turned the Yellow Brick Road 634 00:41:26,685 --> 00:41:32,605 Speaker 1: upside down before tackling the brother's grum. The Deep Dark 635 00:41:32,645 --> 00:41:36,085 Speaker 1: Woods is a production of School of Humans and iHeart Podcasts. 636 00:41:36,805 --> 00:41:40,685 Speaker 1: It was created, written, and hosted by me Miranda Hawkins. 637 00:41:41,285 --> 00:41:44,885 Speaker 1: This episode was produced by mikel. June was senior producer 638 00:41:45,005 --> 00:41:50,845 Speaker 1: Gabby Watts. Executive producers are Virginia Prescott, Brandon Barr, Elsie Crowley, 639 00:41:51,045 --> 00:41:55,645 Speaker 1: and Maya Howard. Stories were voiced by Julia Christgau. Theme 640 00:41:55,725 --> 00:41:59,725 Speaker 1: song was composed by Jesse Niswanger. This episode was sound 641 00:41:59,765 --> 00:42:03,725 Speaker 1: designed and mixed by Chris Childs. If you enjoyed this show, 642 00:42:03,965 --> 00:42:07,085 Speaker 1: please leave her review and you can follow along with 643 00:42:07,165 --> 00:42:15,005 Speaker 1: the show on Instagram at School of Humans