1 00:00:01,560 --> 00:00:04,760 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff from the Science Lab from how stuff 2 00:00:04,760 --> 00:00:16,160 Speaker 1: works dot com. Hey guys, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:16,200 --> 00:00:18,159 Speaker 1: This is Alison I don't know, the science editor at 4 00:00:18,160 --> 00:00:20,479 Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. And this is Robert Lamb, 5 00:00:20,520 --> 00:00:23,480 Speaker 1: science writer at how stuff works dot com. And we're 6 00:00:23,560 --> 00:00:25,320 Speaker 1: kicking off with a letter right off the bat. We 7 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:27,760 Speaker 1: sure are. And this letter comes to you compliments of 8 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:31,280 Speaker 1: one of Florida Matt and Florida Matt recently wrote us 9 00:00:31,280 --> 00:00:34,720 Speaker 1: saying good morning Alison and Robert. My girlfriend is currently 10 00:00:34,720 --> 00:00:37,159 Speaker 1: going to college where one of her professors told her 11 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:40,240 Speaker 1: there is a theory that one end that one day 12 00:00:40,280 --> 00:00:43,560 Speaker 1: the Santa's fault will split, plummeting the West Coast into 13 00:00:43,560 --> 00:00:47,920 Speaker 1: the ocean, never to be heard from again. I'm skeptical 14 00:00:47,960 --> 00:00:49,640 Speaker 1: about it, but I wanted to see what you had 15 00:00:49,680 --> 00:00:53,559 Speaker 1: to say. Thanks for your consideration, Love the podcast. Matt. Okay, Well, 16 00:00:53,600 --> 00:00:56,680 Speaker 1: you know this is actually a really popular idea, at 17 00:00:56,760 --> 00:01:00,440 Speaker 1: least I mean in terms of like pop culture references 18 00:01:00,480 --> 00:01:03,480 Speaker 1: to it. Yeah, it's it's out there, like like, were 19 00:01:03,520 --> 00:01:06,400 Speaker 1: you aware of it? Had you had you encountered this 20 00:01:06,440 --> 00:01:09,880 Speaker 1: anywhere in pop culture beforehand? A little bit? Yeah? How 21 00:01:09,920 --> 00:01:12,880 Speaker 1: about you? Yeah, mainly I was familiar with it out 22 00:01:13,080 --> 00:01:16,920 Speaker 1: because of like there's at least one Tool song that 23 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:20,920 Speaker 1: makes reference to it a lot off of the Autuma album. Okay, 24 00:01:20,959 --> 00:01:22,640 Speaker 1: I'm not familiar with that one. Yeah that was from 25 00:01:22,640 --> 00:01:25,959 Speaker 1: back in uh in high school when that one came out, Uh, 26 00:01:26,280 --> 00:01:28,520 Speaker 1: really good album. But we put the call for Facebook 27 00:01:29,080 --> 00:01:31,080 Speaker 1: two people for people to come in on this y yeah, 28 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:32,480 Speaker 1: because because I just remembered that one and I was like, 29 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:33,840 Speaker 1: all right, well, what else is there? Because I know 30 00:01:33,880 --> 00:01:37,000 Speaker 1: it's a really common thing, right so um uh. This 31 00:01:37,040 --> 00:01:39,120 Speaker 1: guy Michael, who I went to high school with, by 32 00:01:39,160 --> 00:01:42,760 Speaker 1: the way, said Michael from high school. He said that 33 00:01:42,840 --> 00:01:47,000 Speaker 1: Jimmy Eats World song Blister had features it. Um. A 34 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:49,920 Speaker 1: guy named John told us quote escape from l A 35 00:01:50,360 --> 00:01:53,680 Speaker 1: do you even have to ask? Also sometimes my dreams 36 00:01:54,200 --> 00:01:58,840 Speaker 1: Oh all right, so yeah, I guess he doesn't like CALLI. Um. 37 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:02,600 Speaker 1: Heather Right mentions something called the End of the World. 38 00:02:02,880 --> 00:02:05,920 Speaker 1: It's like a flash cartoon on the internet. Um uh. 39 00:02:06,240 --> 00:02:10,760 Speaker 1: David mentions, uh the stand up comedy of Bill Hicks, um, 40 00:02:10,800 --> 00:02:13,720 Speaker 1: which I think was also referenced on the that Tool album. Um. 41 00:02:13,840 --> 00:02:16,840 Speaker 1: Valerie says, quote, I think there's a rancid song that 42 00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:22,040 Speaker 1: even adds an expletive between fall into the and ocean, So, um, 43 00:02:22,320 --> 00:02:24,760 Speaker 1: all right, I don't know what that expletive could be. 44 00:02:24,919 --> 00:02:27,120 Speaker 1: But and then, and then one of my favorites, Warren 45 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: Zyvon had a song called Desperadoes under the Eaves and 46 00:02:30,639 --> 00:02:31,919 Speaker 1: there's a part in it. I think it's in the 47 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:36,639 Speaker 1: course where he's like, and if California falls into the ocean, 48 00:02:37,280 --> 00:02:41,480 Speaker 1: like the mystics and statistics say it will, Like that's 49 00:02:41,600 --> 00:02:44,240 Speaker 1: very nice, Robert, Well, thank you. Yeah. So, but that's 50 00:02:44,280 --> 00:02:45,880 Speaker 1: the thing. Do you do the other part of the 51 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:53,000 Speaker 1: other big Warren Zevon song. Well, the weird thing is 52 00:02:53,040 --> 00:02:56,280 Speaker 1: it's like, do you think that's representative? Yes? And no? 53 00:02:56,400 --> 00:02:58,200 Speaker 1: Like I love that song, but like, you know, you 54 00:02:58,280 --> 00:03:00,520 Speaker 1: go out to karaoke, and I'm always I don't go 55 00:03:00,520 --> 00:03:01,960 Speaker 1: out to kara okay a lot, but when I do, 56 00:03:02,120 --> 00:03:03,919 Speaker 1: I always check out Warren's. Vanni is one of the 57 00:03:04,240 --> 00:03:06,560 Speaker 1: few artists that I like, Like, these are fun songs 58 00:03:06,600 --> 00:03:10,040 Speaker 1: to sing, right, but they almost always will just have 59 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:12,720 Speaker 1: Werewolves of London, which is really more of us, Like 60 00:03:12,720 --> 00:03:15,440 Speaker 1: he's kind of talking in that song and it's not 61 00:03:15,520 --> 00:03:18,720 Speaker 1: really sung per se as fun as it is. And 62 00:03:18,760 --> 00:03:20,440 Speaker 1: he has so many other songs that are a lot 63 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:23,160 Speaker 1: more you know, just a lot more fun to sing, 64 00:03:23,200 --> 00:03:26,520 Speaker 1: like Excitable Boy or or Desperadoes under the Eaves, you know. 65 00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:29,000 Speaker 1: So so yeah, and it's and he did so much 66 00:03:29,000 --> 00:03:33,200 Speaker 1: other work. That's great. So Callie and Warren's that's what 67 00:03:33,280 --> 00:03:35,400 Speaker 1: we bring to you today. So let's do a quick 68 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:38,120 Speaker 1: refresher on earthquakes. Yeah, because that's what we're talking about. 69 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:42,240 Speaker 1: That's what would cause California too, in theory, fall into 70 00:03:42,280 --> 00:03:45,240 Speaker 1: the ocean. Right now, that California sin that's going on 71 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:48,960 Speaker 1: in Californization, but no California earthquakes. That's that's what we're 72 00:03:48,960 --> 00:03:51,880 Speaker 1: interested in. I just I was thinking about the Chili Peppers. 73 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:54,760 Speaker 1: I was trying to think if they had referenced California 74 00:03:54,760 --> 00:03:56,600 Speaker 1: falling into the ocean. That's like, I don't think, I 75 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:59,440 Speaker 1: guess not. I think I'm not that familiar with their work, 76 00:03:59,520 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: but I was a huge fan Mother's Milk No Never, 77 00:04:02,440 --> 00:04:03,960 Speaker 1: I mean I knew from the tracks off of it. 78 00:04:04,040 --> 00:04:06,720 Speaker 1: But but anyway, it's like nobody mentioned it on Facebook, 79 00:04:06,760 --> 00:04:10,640 Speaker 1: So alright, Facebook has to be right. So what's an 80 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:13,520 Speaker 1: earthquake again? You guys know this, you're probably saying it 81 00:04:13,560 --> 00:04:15,920 Speaker 1: with us it's just really when the ground starts shaking 82 00:04:15,960 --> 00:04:19,600 Speaker 1: beneath your feet, and what does that cause? By shaking 83 00:04:19,680 --> 00:04:21,599 Speaker 1: is caused by a sudden motion in the in the 84 00:04:21,640 --> 00:04:24,120 Speaker 1: plates that are all around us in the Earth's cross 85 00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:28,560 Speaker 1: energy waves like moving through the cross. Right. Yeah, it's 86 00:04:28,600 --> 00:04:31,520 Speaker 1: pretty simple explanation. A rock jockey, you might tell you 87 00:04:31,800 --> 00:04:33,919 Speaker 1: something a little different, get a little bit more into detail. 88 00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:37,360 Speaker 1: And where do they happen? Right? So, earthquakes can happen 89 00:04:37,400 --> 00:04:43,040 Speaker 1: anywhere anywhere anywhere, well on Earth. True, it's not just Calie, 90 00:04:43,040 --> 00:04:45,520 Speaker 1: it's not just the famous Ring of Fire. Um. They 91 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:48,880 Speaker 1: do tend to concentrate in three zones, according to the 92 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:53,000 Speaker 1: United States Geological Survey. So first one, you guys are 93 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:55,320 Speaker 1: going to know this one Pacific rim Ak, the Ring 94 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:58,880 Speaker 1: of Fire, and that's responsible for more than eight percent 95 00:04:59,240 --> 00:05:02,120 Speaker 1: of earthquakes. Yeah, Johnny Cash wrote a song about it, 96 00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:06,080 Speaker 1: right he did. Are you gonna sing that too? Okay? Ah. 97 00:05:06,160 --> 00:05:08,880 Speaker 1: There's another belt called the Alpine and that's a found 98 00:05:08,880 --> 00:05:11,760 Speaker 1: in Indonesia and it kind of trails into the Atlantic. 99 00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:14,600 Speaker 1: And then there's a last belt that tracks the mid 100 00:05:14,640 --> 00:05:17,960 Speaker 1: Atlantic rich and it's underwater, so it's not the big one. 101 00:05:17,960 --> 00:05:19,560 Speaker 1: It's not the ram of Fire. We don't hear a 102 00:05:19,560 --> 00:05:21,719 Speaker 1: whole lot about that one. And it's important to note 103 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:24,920 Speaker 1: too that you know, earthquakes on TV or the ones 104 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:26,839 Speaker 1: that you know your friend is likely to tell you about, 105 00:05:26,960 --> 00:05:30,880 Speaker 1: you know, at dinner is something that you feel obviously, 106 00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:33,039 Speaker 1: but you don't always feel them. Sometimes they're so subtle 107 00:05:33,120 --> 00:05:36,120 Speaker 1: that you'd really have to have like some some actual 108 00:05:36,440 --> 00:05:41,159 Speaker 1: seismological you know, equipment to determine them. Yeah. Here in 109 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:43,360 Speaker 1: Georgia we have them. There was one in August, fifth 110 00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:48,839 Speaker 1: magnitude two point two, so right, probably probably not too detectable. 111 00:05:50,720 --> 00:05:53,920 Speaker 1: The eppy center of that one was close to Millageville. Somehow, 112 00:05:53,960 --> 00:05:58,560 Speaker 1: I don't picture Millageville and Georgia being you know, it's 113 00:05:58,600 --> 00:06:01,360 Speaker 1: like Milan filosity. The earth quake capital isn't now where 114 00:06:01,360 --> 00:06:03,240 Speaker 1: that football scandal just went down. I think it was 115 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:07,600 Speaker 1: m hm, no idea. Okay, So here's another earthquake term 116 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:10,799 Speaker 1: that we should mention. Fault. Yes, when you're talking about earthquakes, 117 00:06:10,800 --> 00:06:13,400 Speaker 1: a lot of times you're talking about faults. And so 118 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:15,640 Speaker 1: here's the quick definition for you, the quick, the quick 119 00:06:15,680 --> 00:06:18,599 Speaker 1: and dirty. It's a fracture, really um and it's a 120 00:06:18,600 --> 00:06:20,880 Speaker 1: fracture in the Earth. On either side of the Earth, 121 00:06:20,920 --> 00:06:23,680 Speaker 1: you're gonna have these blocks of crust and they're moving 122 00:06:23,760 --> 00:06:26,800 Speaker 1: relative to one another, parallel to the fracture. Yeah, it's 123 00:06:26,880 --> 00:06:29,000 Speaker 1: kind of like I always think of it when I 124 00:06:29,000 --> 00:06:31,280 Speaker 1: look at an actual skull, you know, like a human 125 00:06:31,279 --> 00:06:33,159 Speaker 1: skull or a model of the human skull, because they 126 00:06:33,160 --> 00:06:35,599 Speaker 1: don't do it a lot of just staring at real skulls. 127 00:06:35,920 --> 00:06:38,520 Speaker 1: But you know how like the skull is not one bone, 128 00:06:38,600 --> 00:06:41,039 Speaker 1: it's several and you can see the different lines where 129 00:06:41,040 --> 00:06:44,800 Speaker 1: they come together, and that's like the crust of the Earth. Well, 130 00:06:44,839 --> 00:06:47,359 Speaker 1: today we're going to talk mainly about the San Andrea's fault. 131 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,560 Speaker 1: That's the big one, and it's it's really the boundary 132 00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 1: between the North American and the Pacific plates, right, and 133 00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:56,240 Speaker 1: it's visible to the eye and that that's pretty cool 134 00:06:56,240 --> 00:06:59,080 Speaker 1: because most of the big faults aren't. Yeah, this one 135 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:01,280 Speaker 1: is one you can you can to these really spectacular 136 00:07:01,760 --> 00:07:03,920 Speaker 1: you know, aerial shots of it, and it looks like 137 00:07:04,200 --> 00:07:07,719 Speaker 1: two massive, uh you know, chunks of of the the 138 00:07:07,760 --> 00:07:10,680 Speaker 1: Earth's surface are rubbing against each other and causing it 139 00:07:10,760 --> 00:07:14,120 Speaker 1: kind of looks like scar tissue, like geologic scar tissue, 140 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:16,000 Speaker 1: and that's kind of what it is. Yeah, it's also 141 00:07:16,080 --> 00:07:19,720 Speaker 1: kind of like a truugh yeah in the earth. Like 142 00:07:19,760 --> 00:07:23,840 Speaker 1: if you've ever seen like Abdullah the butcher's forehead out, 143 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:25,680 Speaker 1: throw that out to the wrestling fans. That's what it 144 00:07:25,680 --> 00:07:29,560 Speaker 1: looks like. It's like a gritty, starts, hard tissue. Something 145 00:07:29,560 --> 00:07:32,520 Speaker 1: else that's cool about the Santa Jay as well is, um, 146 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:35,920 Speaker 1: you can literally straddle two plates, right and these these plates, 147 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:39,640 Speaker 1: these tectonic plates we're talking about, are enormous, right, they 148 00:07:39,680 --> 00:07:42,040 Speaker 1: have a whole lot of land behind them or you know, 149 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:43,560 Speaker 1: to the right and the left of them, if you're 150 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:45,920 Speaker 1: going to think about it like that. Um, so near 151 00:07:45,960 --> 00:07:48,000 Speaker 1: the Santa Jeria's fault, you can find you can like 152 00:07:48,040 --> 00:07:51,960 Speaker 1: sit one ft on the North American plate, the other 153 00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:54,480 Speaker 1: foot on the Pacific plate like Hawaii, Japan, all of that. 154 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:57,040 Speaker 1: So that's really cool. It reminds me of that spot 155 00:07:57,040 --> 00:08:00,760 Speaker 1: in the United States where the four Corners where you 156 00:08:00,800 --> 00:08:03,080 Speaker 1: can yeah yeah, yeah, where it's like, yeah, you get 157 00:08:03,080 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 1: all the touristy photos of in this state, right right. 158 00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:12,520 Speaker 1: So the San andre is specifically is a strike slip fault, okay, 159 00:08:12,560 --> 00:08:14,880 Speaker 1: and this is uh, this is where the two plates 160 00:08:14,880 --> 00:08:17,160 Speaker 1: are trying to push past each other. And if they 161 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:19,760 Speaker 1: pass one another easily, it's no big deal, right, But 162 00:08:19,800 --> 00:08:22,000 Speaker 1: it's when they can't, when the plates are locked, that 163 00:08:22,120 --> 00:08:24,520 Speaker 1: tension builds up and boom, you get a big earthquake, 164 00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:26,560 Speaker 1: like I tend to think of like like if and 165 00:08:26,640 --> 00:08:28,200 Speaker 1: don't do this because you might you know, you don't 166 00:08:28,200 --> 00:08:30,800 Speaker 1: want to damage your enamel. But like when teeth are grinding, 167 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:33,200 Speaker 1: you know, like grinding your teeth, and if you would 168 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 1: have put like so much pressure that you couldn't quite 169 00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:39,520 Speaker 1: grind them, you know where it's like earthquake in your mouth. Yeah, exactly. 170 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:41,839 Speaker 1: That's what comes to mind when when we were looking 171 00:08:41,880 --> 00:08:44,400 Speaker 1: over all this stuff. Yeah, and it's not just a 172 00:08:44,400 --> 00:08:48,040 Speaker 1: strike slip fall. It's a right lateral strike slip. So 173 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:49,839 Speaker 1: let's let's set this up for you. Let's say you're 174 00:08:49,880 --> 00:08:53,160 Speaker 1: standing on the North American Plate so um, with your 175 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:56,640 Speaker 1: back to New York, and you're facing the Pacific Plate. 176 00:08:56,679 --> 00:08:59,800 Speaker 1: You're facing the Pacific Ocean. So the plate, the Pacific Plate, 177 00:08:59,880 --> 00:09:02,800 Speaker 1: with look like it's moving to the right. Okay, So 178 00:09:02,920 --> 00:09:05,760 Speaker 1: how much is it moving? That's the big question? Right, Well, 179 00:09:05,840 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 1: not not enough to really like you're not gonna notice it, 180 00:09:09,200 --> 00:09:10,600 Speaker 1: like if your house is on the fault line. You're 181 00:09:10,600 --> 00:09:12,120 Speaker 1: not gonna look at and be like, whoa, there is 182 00:09:12,160 --> 00:09:15,320 Speaker 1: a forest there yesterday. Now it's a desert, right, So yeah, 183 00:09:15,360 --> 00:09:17,040 Speaker 1: you're not really going to notice it because it's forty 184 00:09:17,080 --> 00:09:20,440 Speaker 1: six millimeters a year. That's hardly noticeable to us. But 185 00:09:20,920 --> 00:09:23,640 Speaker 1: you get a big great earthquake going on, like the 186 00:09:23,679 --> 00:09:26,160 Speaker 1: earthquake of nineteen o six, and you're gonna have some 187 00:09:26,200 --> 00:09:29,839 Speaker 1: pretty major offsets. So according to the U s G 188 00:09:30,160 --> 00:09:33,160 Speaker 1: S them, there was a road that wound up being 189 00:09:33,200 --> 00:09:40,240 Speaker 1: offset by one feet. Okay, well that's noticeable. It's definitely noticeable. Um, 190 00:09:40,320 --> 00:09:43,400 Speaker 1: the San Andrew's fault has been around for fifteen five 191 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:48,839 Speaker 1: million years and it's experienced a creep of about miles. 192 00:09:49,600 --> 00:09:51,320 Speaker 1: That's about normal. It sounds like a lot, but yeah, 193 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:54,560 Speaker 1: it is pretty normal. Yeah. And again we're talking about 194 00:09:54,559 --> 00:09:57,520 Speaker 1: the Pacific plate, the one that's um moving north with 195 00:09:57,600 --> 00:10:00,319 Speaker 1: respect to the North America, and it's got some southern 196 00:10:00,679 --> 00:10:03,160 Speaker 1: California on it, though not all of southern California, just 197 00:10:03,240 --> 00:10:07,880 Speaker 1: like it's like a tasty strip of it, you know. Yeah. Right, 198 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:10,559 Speaker 1: So the Sant Andreas Fault, we haven't really told you, Um, 199 00:10:10,600 --> 00:10:14,760 Speaker 1: you know, some of its geographics specifics. Yeah, it's what long. Yeah, 200 00:10:14,920 --> 00:10:17,240 Speaker 1: it runs past San Francisco in the north all the 201 00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:20,120 Speaker 1: way up to Mendocino, and then to the south, it 202 00:10:20,200 --> 00:10:23,760 Speaker 1: runs past Los Angeles to the Sultan Sea, so roughly 203 00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:27,199 Speaker 1: echoes the California coastline for much of it, but as 204 00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:30,800 Speaker 1: you amble south along the fault zone, it moves more 205 00:10:30,840 --> 00:10:35,760 Speaker 1: inland and you know, dividing somewhat northern California from southern California. 206 00:10:36,520 --> 00:10:38,760 Speaker 1: Beneath the coast, the fault can reach up to ten 207 00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:42,040 Speaker 1: miles into the ground. Ten miles into the ground, So 208 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:44,640 Speaker 1: it's deep, it is, and it's a It's another thing 209 00:10:44,640 --> 00:10:46,480 Speaker 1: to keep in mind here when you talk about, well 210 00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:50,760 Speaker 1: California fall into the ocean, is that the fall line 211 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:53,320 Speaker 1: we're talking about is not like they didn't like put 212 00:10:53,320 --> 00:10:55,880 Speaker 1: the state boundary on the fall line or anything. It's 213 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:58,760 Speaker 1: like not even close. It's uh, you know, it's a 214 00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:01,880 Speaker 1: good ways off. But I mean some parts of it 215 00:11:01,960 --> 00:11:05,319 Speaker 1: really do separate, you know, California from the ocean. I 216 00:11:05,360 --> 00:11:07,960 Speaker 1: mean it doesn't literally, but if you look at it 217 00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:10,199 Speaker 1: on an aerial of view or just in the geographic 218 00:11:10,200 --> 00:11:12,720 Speaker 1: boundary for sure, out in the northern part of it, 219 00:11:13,040 --> 00:11:17,240 Speaker 1: between California and the sea. But say between California and Arizona. No, No, 220 00:11:17,320 --> 00:11:19,360 Speaker 1: there's no fault line out there. I mean there's there's 221 00:11:19,400 --> 00:11:22,160 Speaker 1: no fault line dividing the two states. So with that 222 00:11:22,600 --> 00:11:25,600 Speaker 1: rather powerful fault line there in California, obviously there have 223 00:11:25,760 --> 00:11:28,640 Speaker 1: been some some pretty powerful earthquakes over time. Right, we're 224 00:11:28,679 --> 00:11:31,960 Speaker 1: talking about thousands of earthquakes occurring in California every year, 225 00:11:32,360 --> 00:11:34,920 Speaker 1: and in the San Andrea's fault zone is responsible for most. 226 00:11:35,800 --> 00:11:40,800 Speaker 1: So the first recorded California earthquake occurred in seventeen sixty nine. Um, 227 00:11:40,840 --> 00:11:45,000 Speaker 1: there was an expedition, the gaspar da Portola Expedition, that 228 00:11:45,080 --> 00:11:47,800 Speaker 1: was camped about thirty miles outside of Los Angeles, and 229 00:11:47,800 --> 00:11:54,880 Speaker 1: they reported it. They reported four severe shocks. Yeah. And 230 00:11:54,920 --> 00:11:57,040 Speaker 1: then the most famous and destructive was, of course the 231 00:11:57,080 --> 00:12:02,800 Speaker 1: ninety six earthquake, and that's technically April. Yeah, sir, this 232 00:12:02,880 --> 00:12:04,920 Speaker 1: was cool. The U. S g. S, as you guys 233 00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:08,320 Speaker 1: probably know, is just this amazing treasure trove of awesome info. 234 00:12:09,040 --> 00:12:11,960 Speaker 1: And um, they had a link to some eyewitness accounts 235 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:14,280 Speaker 1: from that earthquake, so I wanted to read you part 236 00:12:14,280 --> 00:12:17,520 Speaker 1: of one. This is from John J. Conlin, who was 237 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 1: seven on the day of the great earthquake. Okay, are 238 00:12:19,800 --> 00:12:23,040 Speaker 1: you going to do this in like an old dude voice? Well, no, seven, 239 00:12:23,120 --> 00:12:27,600 Speaker 1: So well, I guess yeah. Well I'll give it my best, 240 00:12:27,720 --> 00:12:32,400 Speaker 1: my best attempt. Um. Okay. So there was never any 241 00:12:32,480 --> 00:12:35,280 Speaker 1: question in my mind as to the severity of the earthquake. 242 00:12:35,360 --> 00:12:38,840 Speaker 1: At five thirteen on that Wednesday morning, I was awakened 243 00:12:38,960 --> 00:12:41,160 Speaker 1: from a sound sleep by the shaking of my bed 244 00:12:41,240 --> 00:12:45,320 Speaker 1: and the house father heard it. Flossy. Flossy is this 245 00:12:45,360 --> 00:12:48,120 Speaker 1: woman who apparently assisted John J. Conlin's mom in case 246 00:12:48,120 --> 00:12:51,680 Speaker 1: you guys were wondering, So father hearded Flossy, my brother 247 00:12:51,679 --> 00:12:54,040 Speaker 1: and me into a doorway for protection in the event 248 00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:58,000 Speaker 1: the house collapsed. Actually it was only slightly damaged within moments. 249 00:12:58,080 --> 00:13:00,600 Speaker 1: During this period of the city's greatest in emergency, the 250 00:13:00,640 --> 00:13:03,400 Speaker 1: unusual silence of the alarm belt told its own story. 251 00:13:03,920 --> 00:13:06,560 Speaker 1: The system was destroyed, as was the functioning of the 252 00:13:06,559 --> 00:13:11,440 Speaker 1: city's thirty thousand telephones. For once and tragically, so the 253 00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:14,680 Speaker 1: cries of chapped victims for help generally refer to the 254 00:13:14,679 --> 00:13:18,840 Speaker 1: fire department for attention could not instantly activate rescue crews. 255 00:13:20,080 --> 00:13:23,160 Speaker 1: Conlin gives a lot more detail, but he winds up 256 00:13:23,280 --> 00:13:26,160 Speaker 1: ending with May the children of San Francisco or any 257 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:29,880 Speaker 1: place never again enjoy such an experience as mine. But 258 00:13:29,920 --> 00:13:32,120 Speaker 1: the truth is earthquakes happen all the time, and big 259 00:13:32,160 --> 00:13:34,920 Speaker 1: ones happen all the time, and hundreds of thousands of people, 260 00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:37,679 Speaker 1: you know, wind up losing their lives. And by the way, 261 00:13:37,679 --> 00:13:40,920 Speaker 1: you mentioned standing under the doorway, and the US Geological 262 00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:43,400 Speaker 1: Survey points out that that's a rather, that's an outdated 263 00:13:43,480 --> 00:13:45,959 Speaker 1: notion that was based on the idea that in the 264 00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:48,960 Speaker 1: old days it would shake houses down and at times 265 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:51,240 Speaker 1: that would be like the reinforced part of the house, 266 00:13:51,600 --> 00:13:53,160 Speaker 1: and so that would that would be some of it, 267 00:13:53,240 --> 00:13:55,360 Speaker 1: that would be what was still standing after the house 268 00:13:55,400 --> 00:13:57,960 Speaker 1: came down. But they say, don't do that. All right, 269 00:13:58,040 --> 00:14:00,800 Speaker 1: good information, Robert, So, I like we've given you guys 270 00:14:00,840 --> 00:14:02,920 Speaker 1: a lot of preamble to the question at hand. The 271 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,880 Speaker 1: question posed in the podcast title is Calli're going to 272 00:14:05,960 --> 00:14:08,880 Speaker 1: fall into the ocean and it will No, No, it's not. 273 00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:12,040 Speaker 1: I read it wrong off the sheet. It's no, it's 274 00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:15,640 Speaker 1: not going to fall into the ocean. What up? Well, 275 00:14:15,679 --> 00:14:18,560 Speaker 1: because well, for several reasons. Well, first of all, it's again, 276 00:14:18,600 --> 00:14:20,400 Speaker 1: like we said, the fault line. Even if the fault 277 00:14:20,440 --> 00:14:23,560 Speaker 1: the fault line could magically have like the super magnitude 278 00:14:23,640 --> 00:14:27,280 Speaker 1: quake that could make the make part of it fall 279 00:14:27,280 --> 00:14:29,400 Speaker 1: into the ocean, it wouldn't be the whole state. And secondly, 280 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:32,360 Speaker 1: the ocean isn't deep enough. It's not just this you know, 281 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:36,120 Speaker 1: yawning hole and which we can throw entire states. Yeah, 282 00:14:36,160 --> 00:14:38,760 Speaker 1: it's and you know, you've seen the movie where like 283 00:14:38,760 --> 00:14:40,960 Speaker 1: the earthquake makes a big hole open up and stuff 284 00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:43,440 Speaker 1: falls into it and Superman is to save somebody or 285 00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:46,600 Speaker 1: you know, erroneous but cool. Yeah, Yeah, it's like that 286 00:14:46,640 --> 00:14:49,240 Speaker 1: doesn't happen. That's again we're talking about. Fault lines are 287 00:14:49,280 --> 00:14:52,200 Speaker 1: about things pushing together, grinding against each other, like your teeth. 288 00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:54,760 Speaker 1: You know, it's like they're grinding together, but they're they're 289 00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:58,040 Speaker 1: not opening up and rending the earth asunder. I just 290 00:14:58,080 --> 00:15:01,640 Speaker 1: love saying that rending the earth asunder. It feels very biblical. Yeah. 291 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:03,760 Speaker 1: I think I used to have, like when was the kid, 292 00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:05,160 Speaker 1: that was like a Bible book and it had a 293 00:15:05,200 --> 00:15:07,880 Speaker 1: picture of somebody being swallowed up by the earth. Yeah, 294 00:15:07,920 --> 00:15:10,400 Speaker 1: so California is not going to be swept up to see, 295 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:15,560 Speaker 1: but it is moving. It definitely is moving um compliments 296 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:17,840 Speaker 1: of the two plates bumping up against each other in 297 00:15:17,880 --> 00:15:21,720 Speaker 1: the fault zone and seth Western California is moving slowly, 298 00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:25,520 Speaker 1: very slowly. Two inches per year is one that the 299 00:15:25,640 --> 00:15:30,160 Speaker 1: USGS provided towards Alaska, and it's sliding past central and 300 00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:34,320 Speaker 1: eastern California. And so you know, roughly fifteen million years 301 00:15:34,320 --> 00:15:38,600 Speaker 1: from now or so, Los Angeles and San Franciscan's will 302 00:15:38,640 --> 00:15:42,920 Speaker 1: be neighbors. That's pretty amazing. So the super evolved squid 303 00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:46,520 Speaker 1: that take over and live in Los Angeles, they will 304 00:15:46,520 --> 00:15:48,840 Speaker 1: be right next door to the super evolved cockroaches that 305 00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:52,400 Speaker 1: live in in San Francisco. Indeed, maybe I hope they 306 00:15:52,440 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: get along. Um Brinkley Seismological Lab is also an agreement 307 00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:00,840 Speaker 1: on this one, both of which are pretty good sources 308 00:16:00,880 --> 00:16:02,280 Speaker 1: for you guys to check out if you're interested in 309 00:16:02,320 --> 00:16:05,200 Speaker 1: exploring this more. And besides which, earthquakes are just really 310 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:07,000 Speaker 1: interesting and the U s G s it is pretty 311 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:08,720 Speaker 1: amazing when I guess and stuff, and we have a 312 00:16:08,760 --> 00:16:11,880 Speaker 1: good article on how earthquakes work. Did you work on one? No? 313 00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:14,480 Speaker 1: I did not. Maybe it was the brain. I think 314 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:17,000 Speaker 1: the brain. I think it may have human at least 315 00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:19,120 Speaker 1: may have co authored that one. Yeah. Yeah, so that's 316 00:16:19,160 --> 00:16:21,040 Speaker 1: the answer to the question. It is moving, but no, 317 00:16:21,200 --> 00:16:22,960 Speaker 1: it's not going to be swept into the ocean because 318 00:16:23,360 --> 00:16:26,080 Speaker 1: the ocean is a landmass in itself, albeit one with 319 00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:28,400 Speaker 1: water on top of it. But it's it's just not 320 00:16:28,440 --> 00:16:30,720 Speaker 1: going to swallow up California. Yeah. I think people love 321 00:16:30,760 --> 00:16:32,760 Speaker 1: it though, because there's you know, people have a lot 322 00:16:32,840 --> 00:16:37,280 Speaker 1: of either hatred towards California. So this is feeling of yeah, 323 00:16:37,320 --> 00:16:39,440 Speaker 1: it should break off and be its own thing or 324 00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:43,480 Speaker 1: or you know, drowned in the ocean. So right, and 325 00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:46,480 Speaker 1: then there's a whole movement in California, you know, between 326 00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:51,280 Speaker 1: northern California and southern California and being a very different mindsets. 327 00:16:51,320 --> 00:16:53,800 Speaker 1: According to some residents, it feels very different in play. 328 00:16:53,840 --> 00:16:57,080 Speaker 1: I mean I just actually just got back from California. 329 00:16:57,160 --> 00:16:58,920 Speaker 1: My wife and I went on a vacation and we 330 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:01,440 Speaker 1: got to see like Sam Cisco in l A. Took 331 00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:04,240 Speaker 1: us a lot longer to travel between the two you know, 332 00:17:05,040 --> 00:17:07,520 Speaker 1: two cities now than it will millions of years in 333 00:17:07,520 --> 00:17:10,960 Speaker 1: the future. But yeah, it's like like it's it feels 334 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,639 Speaker 1: almost like a different state and it's a huge state. Yeah, 335 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:18,040 Speaker 1: no doubt. My brother lives in San Franz. Yeah. So 336 00:17:18,240 --> 00:17:19,879 Speaker 1: thanks to Florida Mike for bringing that one to our 337 00:17:19,920 --> 00:17:23,080 Speaker 1: attention and for giving us inspiration for this podcast. Do 338 00:17:23,119 --> 00:17:28,119 Speaker 1: you want to do some listener mail Robert, Yeah, I've 339 00:17:28,160 --> 00:17:31,720 Speaker 1: got some more, UM, and it's a good podcast to 340 00:17:31,720 --> 00:17:34,240 Speaker 1: do this on, since the whole episodes came from a 341 00:17:34,359 --> 00:17:37,760 Speaker 1: listener mail. UM, we received an email and we were 342 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:41,879 Speaker 1: both excited about this from uh Jenna, also known as 343 00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:45,399 Speaker 1: hookworm Girl by US listeners. I mean we don't call 344 00:17:45,440 --> 00:17:47,399 Speaker 1: her hook well, maybe we did call her girl. I 345 00:17:47,440 --> 00:17:51,959 Speaker 1: think you call um. She's lovely feet, she said us 346 00:17:51,960 --> 00:17:54,520 Speaker 1: a new pictures feet, new picture of her feet, and 347 00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:58,639 Speaker 1: yes they look. It's a complete turnaround from the parasite 348 00:17:58,640 --> 00:18:03,320 Speaker 1: infected uh things we saw before hookworms. You can see 349 00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:05,920 Speaker 1: the hookworm track center and the skin and her feet. 350 00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:08,160 Speaker 1: It was pretty awesome. Yeah, now they look they look 351 00:18:08,520 --> 00:18:12,000 Speaker 1: pedicured and you know, the the toenails are nice, twinkly 352 00:18:12,080 --> 00:18:15,760 Speaker 1: read and I'm very very healthy looking. And so anyways, 353 00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:17,880 Speaker 1: she wrote as in centensis picture and she says, this 354 00:18:17,960 --> 00:18:21,119 Speaker 1: is Jenna from Vancouver. I eat Hookworm Girl. Not to 355 00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:23,960 Speaker 1: be confused with the superhero, although although that might be 356 00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:26,919 Speaker 1: interesting and I agree. I just wanted to let you 357 00:18:26,920 --> 00:18:29,480 Speaker 1: know that I am so tickled pink every time I 358 00:18:29,520 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 1: hear my foot mention on your podcast. Here it is 359 00:18:32,119 --> 00:18:34,720 Speaker 1: getting another mention. I never would have dreamed that that 360 00:18:34,760 --> 00:18:36,919 Speaker 1: picture would have made such an impression. How could it not. 361 00:18:37,480 --> 00:18:40,520 Speaker 1: It's pretty gross picture to put your mind at ease, 362 00:18:40,560 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 1: I thought I would send you a more recent foot 363 00:18:42,119 --> 00:18:45,439 Speaker 1: picture and thank you again for the great podcast. I 364 00:18:45,480 --> 00:18:48,040 Speaker 1: work in a lab looking for new therapeutic strategies for 365 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:51,640 Speaker 1: fighting tuberculosis, and sometimes the lack of progress being made 366 00:18:51,960 --> 00:18:55,000 Speaker 1: in antibotic research can be a little terrifying. On this note, 367 00:18:55,040 --> 00:18:58,200 Speaker 1: I would like to suggest a podcast on bacterial phage 368 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:01,840 Speaker 1: based therapies. Yeah. I did a little research into it 369 00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:04,320 Speaker 1: after she sending her email, and I think we might 370 00:19:04,359 --> 00:19:06,280 Speaker 1: have to cover that. Although we have devoted a little 371 00:19:06,280 --> 00:19:08,439 Speaker 1: bit of time to bacteria recently with the whole quorum 372 00:19:08,480 --> 00:19:11,399 Speaker 1: sensing and the altruistic bacteria. Yeah, we've been hitting the 373 00:19:11,400 --> 00:19:15,960 Speaker 1: bacteria pretty hard. So so yeah, so anyway, thanks thanks 374 00:19:15,960 --> 00:19:18,600 Speaker 1: for letting us know that your your foot is better. 375 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 1: It's kind of become a u. The third member of 376 00:19:22,240 --> 00:19:27,000 Speaker 1: the podcast, yeahs foot, Josh writes, um, what's up stuff 377 00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:29,399 Speaker 1: from the science Lab. I was just listening to the 378 00:19:29,440 --> 00:19:32,439 Speaker 1: Wow Signal podcast in my car. I'm currently stopped not 379 00:19:32,520 --> 00:19:35,959 Speaker 1: emailing while driving good enough, and it reminded me of 380 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:40,680 Speaker 1: a SETI phenomenon that a friend of mine caught potentially um. 381 00:19:40,720 --> 00:19:43,879 Speaker 1: It was around and a bunch of my nerdy friends 382 00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:46,000 Speaker 1: and I were enjoying running steady at home on our 383 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:48,760 Speaker 1: computers as we're all a lot to do, you know, 384 00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:53,119 Speaker 1: and an evening. Uh. Generally, the data packets that you 385 00:19:53,160 --> 00:19:56,199 Speaker 1: would sift through just showed random noise. But for a 386 00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:58,679 Speaker 1: brief period during one day, a friend of mine was 387 00:19:58,720 --> 00:20:03,120 Speaker 1: receiving perfect waves. They were so perfect against the unusual 388 00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:06,600 Speaker 1: randomness that he shot a few emails with screenshots to 389 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:09,480 Speaker 1: let Setty people know, UH to check check it out. 390 00:20:09,880 --> 00:20:11,680 Speaker 1: A week or so later, he got a cryptic email 391 00:20:11,720 --> 00:20:16,959 Speaker 1: back claiming some unusual interference from something suspicious and was 392 00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:21,040 Speaker 1: told just to disregard it. Perhaps just because this is 393 00:20:21,080 --> 00:20:23,439 Speaker 1: so awesome, this gives me, this is my new favorite 394 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:27,720 Speaker 1: listener email. Just perhaps just because conspiracies are fun. We've 395 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:29,920 Speaker 1: always held onto the belief that we just happened to 396 00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:32,520 Speaker 1: see something that they didn't want us to see. They 397 00:20:32,680 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 1: in caps all caps. No, I don't think he did 398 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:37,800 Speaker 1: put it in all caps, but that's how I imagine it. 399 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:40,920 Speaker 1: Of course, nothing has come of it in the intervening 400 00:20:40,960 --> 00:20:43,800 Speaker 1: eleven years, so who knows. I love your podcast more 401 00:20:43,840 --> 00:20:45,679 Speaker 1: than I can express, and I hastily written email on 402 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:48,320 Speaker 1: my phone. It keeps me a company for the six 403 00:20:48,359 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: to eight hours I spend in the car every day. 404 00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:53,080 Speaker 1: Oh man, that's a long time. Please continue doing it forever. 405 00:20:53,400 --> 00:20:55,239 Speaker 1: We will do it at least as long as it 406 00:20:55,280 --> 00:20:59,119 Speaker 1: takes for Los Angeles to be creep right up to 407 00:20:59,119 --> 00:21:02,680 Speaker 1: San Francisco. So I mean, you knows from beyond the grave, 408 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:05,280 Speaker 1: if you're really locking us in there, well, with all 409 00:21:05,280 --> 00:21:08,159 Speaker 1: that you know science going on, we could, you know, 410 00:21:08,200 --> 00:21:11,879 Speaker 1: we could live forever, Robert and record podcasts for more 411 00:21:11,960 --> 00:21:14,239 Speaker 1: on this and thousands of other topics. Is that how 412 00:21:14,280 --> 00:21:18,639 Speaker 1: stuff works dot Com? Want more house? We hope that's 413 00:21:17,480 --> 00:21:21,359 Speaker 1: a happy in your house. Tell us about cheery sperience 414 00:21:21,760 --> 00:21:27,360 Speaker 1: with earthquakes or um alien signals? Yeah, yeah, And we're 415 00:21:27,359 --> 00:21:29,919 Speaker 1: on science stuff at house to works dot com, and 416 00:21:30,040 --> 00:21:32,679 Speaker 1: of course on social networking. You can find us on 417 00:21:32,680 --> 00:21:35,560 Speaker 1: Facebook We're stuff from the Science Lab, and over on Twitter. 418 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:39,439 Speaker 1: R l as a tweet master, so we're lap stuff. 419 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:42,159 Speaker 1: So yeah, that's all we got today. Thanks for listening.