WEBVTT - The Mysterious Disappearance of the Franklin Expedition

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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<v Speaker 2>Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh and Chuck

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<v Speaker 2>is with me too, and we're just a couple of

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<v Speaker 2>intrepid explorers sitting around in tiny rooms. I don't know

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<v Speaker 2>what we're exploring, but we're exploring something freezing to death. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm a little warm. Actually, I'm kind of sweaty.

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<v Speaker 1>Maybe scurvy, I don't know, pneumonia.

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<v Speaker 2>Blood poisoning.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, there's a lot of bad things that happened about

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<v Speaker 2>this expedition that we're going to talk about. The Franklin Expedition,

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<v Speaker 2>very very famous. I guess polar No, it wasn't a

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<v Speaker 2>polar expedition. It is an arctic expedition from the middle

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<v Speaker 2>of the nineteenth century. And if you've ever seen that

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<v Speaker 2>show on AMC, The Terror, Did you ever watch that?

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<v Speaker 1>No? I wonder be recommending that a while ago though.

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<v Speaker 2>It's so good, Chuck. So there's two seasons, two totally

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<v Speaker 2>different stories. I'm recommending the one because it's all about

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<v Speaker 2>like a speculative fiction about.

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<v Speaker 1>This, about this very thing, no believe.

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<v Speaker 2>It or no. The second season is about a Japanese

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<v Speaker 2>family in a tournament camp during World War Two.

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<v Speaker 1>That sounds equally uplifting.

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<v Speaker 2>Totally different. But the first season is really amazing and

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<v Speaker 2>it is all about this. All the characters in that

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<v Speaker 2>season are based on actually people from this expedition. It's

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<v Speaker 2>really neat.

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<v Speaker 1>Well, now it all hits home.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, there you go. So even before AMC came along

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<v Speaker 2>and did it, this is probably one of the most

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<v Speaker 2>famous expeditions in history, mainly because it was such a

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<v Speaker 2>colossal catastrophe. There are one hundred and twenty nine crew members,

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<v Speaker 2>including the captain, the expedition leader, all the officers, and

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<v Speaker 2>all the crew, and not one survived. All of the

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<v Speaker 2>crew was lost. That's really rare, even for Arctic exploration

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<v Speaker 2>back in the day. And then on top of that,

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<v Speaker 2>for a very long time, we had no real clue

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<v Speaker 2>what happened to them. Well we did, we just ignored

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<v Speaker 2>the clues, but it was a mystery. They just vanished. Basically.

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<v Speaker 2>The last time they were seen was by a couple

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<v Speaker 2>of whaling ships at the very beginning of their voyage,

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<v Speaker 2>and that was it.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I mean, there's lots of ways to disappear, especially

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<v Speaker 1>in the Arctic. Yeah, in the Arctic in that time,

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<v Speaker 1>of in the nineteenth century, very easy to happen.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but at the same time, this was remarkable. Even

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<v Speaker 2>at the time, it was weird that, like these guys,

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<v Speaker 2>this expedition just went so colossally bad. And then one

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<v Speaker 2>of the reasons, like I was saying that it's been

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<v Speaker 2>such an enduring mysteries because we never really knew. We

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<v Speaker 2>never had much evidence, and then we had scant evidence

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<v Speaker 2>over time, and the little evidence that we did collect

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<v Speaker 2>didn't really just explain everything. There were lots of question marks,

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<v Speaker 2>and even today, with all the stuff we found and

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<v Speaker 2>discovered along the way, we don't really know why this

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<v Speaker 2>whole thing went so pair shaped so quickly.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, for sure.

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<v Speaker 2>But we're going to talk about whatever we do know.

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<v Speaker 2>I think that's our task today. Are you prepared for

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<v Speaker 2>this task?

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<v Speaker 1>Sounds like a very not thought out name that our

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<v Speaker 1>show could have been called.

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<v Speaker 2>Our task is to explain this today.

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<v Speaker 1>No, everything we do know instead of stuff you should know? Okay,

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<v Speaker 1>should we talk about the Northwest Passage?

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<v Speaker 2>I would love to because it's kind of important.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, Well, it's funny, it kind of is, and it

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<v Speaker 1>kind of isn't. I think that they thought it was

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<v Speaker 1>going to be really really, really important back in the

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<v Speaker 1>day when they were like, hey, listen, we got to

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<v Speaker 1>find a route to sail basically straight from the Atlantic

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<v Speaker 1>to the Pacific. And as it turns out, it didn't

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<v Speaker 1>end up being a big, heavily used passage. There's a

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<v Speaker 1>problem with the Northwest Passage and that is it's really

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<v Speaker 1>hard to get through. Yeah, there are a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>Arctic islands up there north of Canada and there's a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of ice. That ice moves around a lot. You

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<v Speaker 1>can never exactly predict where you're going to find that

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<v Speaker 1>ice or where it's going to recede, and even when

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<v Speaker 1>you're out there, it's going to be moving around. So

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<v Speaker 1>it's almost like playing a game of Frogger. Sometimes when

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<v Speaker 1>you're to the forget the car part, like the highway,

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<v Speaker 1>like when you get to the river, because you're like, oh,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, I got a passage now because I see

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<v Speaker 1>it in front of me, but I might not have

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<v Speaker 1>it in an hour because the ice moves. So it's

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<v Speaker 1>a very tricky thing to get through. A lot of

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<v Speaker 1>people and a lot of expeditions went tried to get

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<v Speaker 1>through it, charted, you know, great deals of it, and

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<v Speaker 1>as we'll see in the end, John Franklin and his

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<v Speaker 1>crew was tasked with basically about three hundred miles of

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<v Speaker 1>you know, sort of figuring it out, charting it and

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<v Speaker 1>that was sort of the last bit. And even had

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<v Speaker 1>it been all charted, it's still not like an easy

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<v Speaker 1>thing to get through.

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<v Speaker 2>No, but just charting it was a huge mission for

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<v Speaker 2>the Royal Navy because at the time, the middle of

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<v Speaker 2>the nineteenth century, the British Royal Navy was the greatest

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<v Speaker 2>sea power in the world, and in their backyard, the Arctic,

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<v Speaker 2>there was an entire piece of the globe that was

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<v Speaker 2>just a blank question mark. I saw a really great

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<v Speaker 2>documentary on Nova and they showed a map of the

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<v Speaker 2>world as they understood it in the mid nineteenth century,

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<v Speaker 2>and everything else had been charted except for the spot

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<v Speaker 2>in the middle of the Arctic they actually did. They

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<v Speaker 2>had a blank space and a question more amazing, it

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<v Speaker 2>was like the Riddler had done that photography. But it

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<v Speaker 2>was like a blemish on the reputation of the British

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<v Speaker 2>Navy that they still hadn't been able to chart it

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<v Speaker 2>despite trying for hundreds of years to at the very

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<v Speaker 2>least chart it, if not make it through. So it

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<v Speaker 2>was a big deal and that they really wanted to

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<v Speaker 2>do this.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, And like I said, a lot of people. You

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<v Speaker 1>can't like point to a single person and say like

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<v Speaker 1>they discovered this passage kind of for some of the

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<v Speaker 1>reasons we've been talking about the thirty thousand islands in

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<v Speaker 1>the ice and people getting bits and pieces together a

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<v Speaker 1>little bit at a time. But a lot of people

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<v Speaker 1>take credit. There are a lot of people that are

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<v Speaker 1>given credit for different parts of it. There was one

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<v Speaker 1>guy named Robert McLure from the Royal Navy, of course,

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<v Speaker 1>and he's credited as the first complete transit. Part of

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<v Speaker 1>that was on land. And then there's a guy, a

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<v Speaker 1>Norwegian named Roald Amundsen who was like, all right, now,

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<v Speaker 1>this is the first guy who did it all by sea.

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<v Speaker 1>And this was like what fifty plus years after McClure

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<v Speaker 1>had done it partially on land. So it's like a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of time is passing, and this is at a

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<v Speaker 1>time when the advances of sailing and getting through passages

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<v Speaker 1>like this was sort of at its peak.

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<v Speaker 2>Yes, and by the way, rolled Mundson he was also

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<v Speaker 2>the guy who was the first to make it to

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<v Speaker 2>the South Pole, so he was quite a show off.

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<v Speaker 2>As far as explorers go, look at him. So yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>it wasn't until the twentieth century that somebody actually made

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<v Speaker 2>it all the way through by ship. So it kind

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<v Speaker 2>of goes to show you that, like, they weren't really

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<v Speaker 2>successful this Franklin expedition and even after the expedition. But

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<v Speaker 2>what's interesting about it is Ed helped us out with this,

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<v Speaker 2>and he made a point that there were a lot

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<v Speaker 2>of rescue missions to go find the lost Franklin expedition,

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<v Speaker 2>and while they were there they charted stuff that had

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<v Speaker 2>been uncharted. So Ed makes the point that by getting lost,

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<v Speaker 2>Franklin actually contributed more to the charting of this unknown

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<v Speaker 2>part of the Arctic than he did while he was

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<v Speaker 2>actually alive, because he didn't actually make it very far

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<v Speaker 2>and his crew made it kind of far. But by

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<v Speaker 2>the time they made it to where they were going,

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<v Speaker 2>they couldn't have cared less about charting. They were just

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<v Speaker 2>trying to stay alive unsuccessfully, as we'll see.

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<v Speaker 1>Well, there you have it.

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<v Speaker 2>I guess I spoil after having already said that not

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<v Speaker 2>one of the one hundred and shine Men survived.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you're like, no, wait, I spoiled it. In the

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<v Speaker 1>first thirty seconds, not just now exactly. All right, well,

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<v Speaker 1>let's talk a little bit about Franklin. John Franklin, that

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<v Speaker 1>is not Benjamin, of course, sure he hated boats. John

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<v Speaker 1>Franklin was born in seventeen eighty six and he was

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<v Speaker 1>not a rich guy. He did not come from some

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<v Speaker 1>noble family. But he did end up getting a lot

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<v Speaker 1>of seafaring experience in the Navy, a lot of combat experience,

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<v Speaker 1>Like he knew his way around a ship. So in

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<v Speaker 1>eighteen nineteen he saw that the British Navy was downsizing

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<v Speaker 1>some and the writing was kind of on the wall

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<v Speaker 1>for at least he felt the writing was on the

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<v Speaker 1>wall for him, and he said, all right, what I

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<v Speaker 1>should do if I want to, you know, continue at sea.

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<v Speaker 1>And you know, I kind of like this life is

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<v Speaker 1>I got to get out of the military and become

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<v Speaker 1>an explorer, become an Arctic explorer, because that was like

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<v Speaker 1>a path post some military that you could do. You

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<v Speaker 1>could become an adventurer.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and he was still part of the British Royal Navy,

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<v Speaker 2>he was a captain in it, but he wasn't engaging

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<v Speaker 2>in warfareries engaging in explorations. So it was almost like

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<v Speaker 2>they had two prongs. He could either go like Discovery

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<v Speaker 2>Corps or you know, the core of death and destruction.

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<v Speaker 1>Sounds like both leads to death.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, in this case, Discovery cor didn't pan out very I.

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<v Speaker 1>Just want to spoil it again.

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<v Speaker 2>So yeah, we'll just everybody just forget that. Everyone dies.

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<v Speaker 2>We're working up to that, apparently.

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<v Speaker 1>So he got to work on his discovery path. He

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<v Speaker 1>was doing pretty well. He commanded some expeditions here and there.

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<v Speaker 1>One ended up being a big failure on the north

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<v Speaker 1>coast of Canada, exploring near the Coppermine River, and half

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<v Speaker 1>of the men died. The reason that this is noteworthy

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<v Speaker 1>is because that even though it was a big failure,

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<v Speaker 1>he gained a lot of notoriety because he survived grim

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<v Speaker 1>conditions and very famously ate his boots to survive, ate

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<v Speaker 1>the leather from his boots, which is a thing that

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<v Speaker 1>happened on alone on that TV show. I watched that

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<v Speaker 1>some guy ate part of his belt.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh yeah, how did it go down?

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<v Speaker 1>It didn't go down.

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<v Speaker 2>Well, I can't imagine it would, man, I don't think.

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<v Speaker 1>I think the idea when you boil leather like that

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<v Speaker 1>is that it's just you know, some of the fat

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<v Speaker 1>will come off, and it's it might give you a

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<v Speaker 1>little bit of caloric intake, but it's it's not a

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<v Speaker 1>great plan for success long term. But Franklin earned a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of notoriety by eating his boots and wrote a

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<v Speaker 1>big best selling book about it, and was knighted even

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<v Speaker 1>though it was a failure.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because they kind of saw it as you know,

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<v Speaker 2>he had sacrificed that much in the name of exploration,

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<v Speaker 2>so sure, why not nightem? You know, it's better than

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<v Speaker 2>like throwing rawen tomatoes at him upon his return. The

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<v Speaker 2>guy had to eat his boots for Pete's sake, you know, Yeah, exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>So that was one of his two initial expeditions. The

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<v Speaker 2>one that we're talking about today was his third. The

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<v Speaker 2>other one was pretty catastrophic too, nothing like the first

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<v Speaker 2>one and nothing like the third one, but still noteworthy

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<v Speaker 2>enough that it was not successful. They got lost, and

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<v Speaker 2>both of those first expeditions, Franklin and his crew were

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<v Speaker 2>bailed out by Inuit who basically made sure that they

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<v Speaker 2>stayed alive. He probably wouldn't have survived that first expedition

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<v Speaker 2>had it not been helped from the Inuit who made

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<v Speaker 2>sure that they made it back and were fed and

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<v Speaker 2>all that stuff. And that's a big recurring theme that

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<v Speaker 2>we're going to run into, is the Inuit were in

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<v Speaker 2>the background. Like back in England, people knew they were there.

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<v Speaker 2>They called them Eskimo, spelled like it would if you

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<v Speaker 2>were in New Orleans or something with the aux at

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<v Speaker 2>the end. Oh really, yeah, that's what they did. They

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<v Speaker 2>were not thought very highly of. And yet the whole time,

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<v Speaker 2>as we'll see, like the Inuit were just witnesses to

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<v Speaker 2>this history, had an extensive and detailed oral history, knew

0:12:06.160 --> 0:12:09.200
<v Speaker 2>exactly what happened, where everybody was and what went down when.

0:12:09.960 --> 0:12:14.400
<v Speaker 2>And yet the British and other European explorers just would

0:12:14.440 --> 0:12:16.280
<v Speaker 2>not listen to them. And when they did listen to

0:12:16.320 --> 0:12:18.760
<v Speaker 2>them and they tried to explain it to England, England

0:12:19.200 --> 0:12:21.200
<v Speaker 2>shouted that person down and told them they were a

0:12:21.240 --> 0:12:25.080
<v Speaker 2>fool for listening to the chattering of these these eskimaux.

0:12:26.000 --> 0:12:28.600
<v Speaker 2>So that's just kind of a common theme as we'll

0:12:28.600 --> 0:12:30.959
<v Speaker 2>see that the Inuit played a huge outsize role that

0:12:31.040 --> 0:12:34.600
<v Speaker 2>were only now starting to kind of like acknowledge or recognize.

0:12:34.920 --> 0:12:37.760
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. They also there was a common theme that if

0:12:37.800 --> 0:12:39.599
<v Speaker 1>you were smart enough to listen to them while you

0:12:39.640 --> 0:12:41.720
<v Speaker 1>were there. Then you fared much better than if you

0:12:41.840 --> 0:12:42.680
<v Speaker 1>did things your own.

0:12:42.559 --> 0:12:45.520
<v Speaker 2>Way, definitely. But the problem was is like that was

0:12:45.679 --> 0:12:48.200
<v Speaker 2>not something you would want to do back in the

0:12:48.240 --> 0:12:51.480
<v Speaker 2>mid nineteenth century in front of your crew. Usually, Yeah,

0:12:51.520 --> 0:12:54.760
<v Speaker 2>you could very quickly, like your crew could lose confidence

0:12:54.760 --> 0:12:56.840
<v Speaker 2>in you because you were doing something totally out of

0:12:56.840 --> 0:12:59.280
<v Speaker 2>the norm and probably out of the bounds of respectable

0:12:59.280 --> 0:13:03.160
<v Speaker 2>behavior by following the lead of you know, an Inuit

0:13:03.200 --> 0:13:05.760
<v Speaker 2>at the time, or I'm sorry, an inook. Something I

0:13:05.880 --> 0:13:09.720
<v Speaker 2>learned is Inuit is the plural, inook is the singular.

0:13:09.840 --> 0:13:12.040
<v Speaker 2>So if you're talking to you wouldn't say I'm talking

0:13:12.040 --> 0:13:15.560
<v Speaker 2>to Americans, say I'm talking to an American, and in

0:13:15.600 --> 0:13:18.400
<v Speaker 2>the same way say I'm talking to an Inuk who's

0:13:18.440 --> 0:13:19.520
<v Speaker 2>a member of the Inuit.

0:13:19.920 --> 0:13:21.880
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. What they would were smart to do would be

0:13:21.960 --> 0:13:25.040
<v Speaker 1>to take an inook around behind a big block of

0:13:25.080 --> 0:13:28.600
<v Speaker 1>ice and very quietly say, listen, old boy, if you

0:13:28.600 --> 0:13:31.880
<v Speaker 1>have any advice, please just let me know quietly, cappy

0:13:31.920 --> 0:13:32.640
<v Speaker 1>to follow.

0:13:32.600 --> 0:13:34.600
<v Speaker 2>Can you draw it where we should go in the snow?

0:13:35.200 --> 0:13:37.440
<v Speaker 1>Right? And then yes, yeah, and then erase it very

0:13:37.520 --> 0:13:40.640
<v Speaker 1>quickly and with pe say face yeah, with your urine.

0:13:42.000 --> 0:13:45.199
<v Speaker 1>So or no, no, no, wait, erase it with urine or

0:13:45.240 --> 0:13:46.439
<v Speaker 1>spell it out in urine.

0:13:47.000 --> 0:13:49.000
<v Speaker 2>You would erase it with urine. You could do both,

0:13:49.080 --> 0:13:51.320
<v Speaker 2>but the spelling it out with urine would would be

0:13:51.360 --> 0:13:53.880
<v Speaker 2>too permanent. You would want to pee all over it

0:13:53.920 --> 0:13:56.400
<v Speaker 2>and it would melt out the instructions once you committed

0:13:56.440 --> 0:13:59.640
<v Speaker 2>them to memory, and everybody in your crew would have thought,

0:13:59.640 --> 0:14:01.520
<v Speaker 2>you just want behind the ice block to pee.

0:14:01.800 --> 0:14:05.120
<v Speaker 1>Well, that's why they have the slogan as the sharpie

0:14:05.160 --> 0:14:06.160
<v Speaker 1>of snow riting.

0:14:07.120 --> 0:14:10.520
<v Speaker 2>What does P? Yeah, okay, I didn't know it. I

0:14:10.520 --> 0:14:12.200
<v Speaker 2>didn't know P had its own slogan.

0:14:12.640 --> 0:14:17.760
<v Speaker 1>It did. I really circumnavigated at like a big ice

0:14:17.800 --> 0:14:21.920
<v Speaker 1>flow that was nice, clumsily somewhat breaking through with my

0:14:22.000 --> 0:14:22.800
<v Speaker 1>iron force.

0:14:23.000 --> 0:14:24.320
<v Speaker 2>There were a couple of bumps in there.

0:14:24.360 --> 0:14:27.320
<v Speaker 1>Sure, all right? So where are we? He as he

0:14:27.360 --> 0:14:30.360
<v Speaker 1>had the second expedition that he said wasn't as bad

0:14:30.400 --> 0:14:34.480
<v Speaker 1>as the first, and third still not great. Right, He's

0:14:34.920 --> 0:14:38.400
<v Speaker 1>kind of thinking about hanging up his half eaten boiled boots.

0:14:38.400 --> 0:14:41.360
<v Speaker 1>At this point. He's in his fifties, and in eighteen

0:14:41.400 --> 0:14:43.480
<v Speaker 1>thirty seven they said, no, why don't you take this

0:14:43.520 --> 0:14:47.760
<v Speaker 1>appointment as the Lieutenant governor Van Demon's Land, which we

0:14:47.800 --> 0:14:52.320
<v Speaker 1>now know as Tasmania, and that only lasted a few years.

0:14:53.320 --> 0:14:56.280
<v Speaker 1>And his wife Jane said, you know what you should

0:14:56.280 --> 0:14:59.480
<v Speaker 1>really do is finished strong, you're getting old. You got

0:14:59.480 --> 0:15:02.200
<v Speaker 1>one morning. You just to sort of save the family

0:15:02.280 --> 0:15:06.240
<v Speaker 1>name one more Arctic expedition that might really be great

0:15:06.280 --> 0:15:10.720
<v Speaker 1>and cement you as a victor. And he said, I

0:15:10.720 --> 0:15:12.120
<v Speaker 1>guess I'll try if they'll.

0:15:11.880 --> 0:15:16.280
<v Speaker 2>Have me, he said, Roger Roger. Yeah, so he did, well,

0:15:16.400 --> 0:15:18.520
<v Speaker 2>she did, I should say he kind of just went

0:15:18.560 --> 0:15:22.120
<v Speaker 2>along with it. But lady Jane Franklin really worked behind

0:15:22.120 --> 0:15:25.120
<v Speaker 2>the scenes to get her husband appointed to the head

0:15:25.120 --> 0:15:28.080
<v Speaker 2>of an Arctic expedition, and in particular this one that

0:15:28.240 --> 0:15:32.000
<v Speaker 2>was considered potentially the last one to map the Northwest

0:15:32.040 --> 0:15:34.520
<v Speaker 2>Passage because there was only that three hundred miles of

0:15:34.600 --> 0:15:35.840
<v Speaker 2>uncharted territory.

0:15:36.640 --> 0:15:39.880
<v Speaker 1>So I got a question, though, was this a situation

0:15:40.120 --> 0:15:44.120
<v Speaker 1>where they gave it to this older guy because no

0:15:44.200 --> 0:15:46.400
<v Speaker 1>one wanted to do it because it was so dangerous,

0:15:46.560 --> 0:15:49.440
<v Speaker 1>or like I saw that the you know, younger captains

0:15:49.640 --> 0:15:52.400
<v Speaker 1>you know, declined to take the position. Is it because

0:15:52.800 --> 0:15:53.800
<v Speaker 1>it was just so fraught?

0:15:54.880 --> 0:15:58.760
<v Speaker 2>I don't know, I honestly don't know. It's possible but

0:15:58.840 --> 0:16:00.880
<v Speaker 2>that seems like that would lie in the face of

0:16:00.960 --> 0:16:04.360
<v Speaker 2>like the Royal Navy and their attitude at the time,

0:16:04.480 --> 0:16:06.320
<v Speaker 2>like you would step up and be like, yes, I'll

0:16:06.360 --> 0:16:08.840
<v Speaker 2>be the one to die, rather than be like I

0:16:08.880 --> 0:16:11.800
<v Speaker 2>don't want that, you know. So I'm not sure exactly

0:16:11.840 --> 0:16:14.120
<v Speaker 2>why I'll have to go back and watch the Terror again.

0:16:15.200 --> 0:16:17.200
<v Speaker 1>Is it like how historically accurate? Is it?

0:16:17.640 --> 0:16:20.120
<v Speaker 2>Extremely? But at the same time it also veers off

0:16:20.160 --> 0:16:22.160
<v Speaker 2>into like just wild speculation.

0:16:22.400 --> 0:16:24.320
<v Speaker 1>Okay, I gotta see it now.

0:16:24.520 --> 0:16:27.160
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it's I can't really get across how good it is.

0:16:27.200 --> 0:16:28.960
<v Speaker 2>And it's one of those ones where you know when

0:16:28.960 --> 0:16:31.360
<v Speaker 2>somebody talks something up and you go in expecting high

0:16:31.400 --> 0:16:34.600
<v Speaker 2>hopes or with high hopes and you're invariably let down.

0:16:34.800 --> 0:16:38.160
<v Speaker 2>You will not be let down. All right, that's how

0:16:38.200 --> 0:16:40.640
<v Speaker 2>great it is. I expect texts from you every like

0:16:40.680 --> 0:16:42.200
<v Speaker 2>couple hours while you're watching it.

0:16:42.960 --> 0:16:45.680
<v Speaker 1>Should we take a break? Yeah, all right, let's take

0:16:45.680 --> 0:16:47.800
<v Speaker 1>a break. We've got it set up in that he

0:16:47.880 --> 0:16:52.160
<v Speaker 1>is going to take this final voyage to restore his

0:16:52.280 --> 0:16:54.040
<v Speaker 1>name and we'll be back right after this. I'll let

0:16:54.080 --> 0:16:54.720
<v Speaker 1>you know what happened.

0:17:16.119 --> 0:17:20.119
<v Speaker 2>Okay, So, Lady Jane Franklin has successfully secured the appointment

0:17:20.640 --> 0:17:25.679
<v Speaker 2>as head of this expedition in eighteen forty six. I

0:17:25.720 --> 0:17:28.840
<v Speaker 2>believe in eighteen forty six expedition to the Arctic to

0:17:29.160 --> 0:17:33.000
<v Speaker 2>uncharted territory, largely because no one else would accept it,

0:17:33.040 --> 0:17:35.760
<v Speaker 2>but also because she maneuvered. I don't think. I think

0:17:35.800 --> 0:17:39.399
<v Speaker 2>without her wrangling he still might not have gotten it.

0:17:39.440 --> 0:17:41.639
<v Speaker 2>Even though no one else wanted it. He was ready

0:17:41.640 --> 0:17:43.960
<v Speaker 2>to go out to pasture, and the Royal Navy was

0:17:44.080 --> 0:17:46.440
<v Speaker 2>more than willing to let him go. Lady James Franklin

0:17:46.480 --> 0:17:49.880
<v Speaker 2>said no, meet my sheer will, and they did, and

0:17:50.200 --> 0:17:52.480
<v Speaker 2>so he became head. And it's not like he was

0:17:52.560 --> 0:17:57.200
<v Speaker 2>just some hapless boob or something like that. He wasn't

0:17:57.240 --> 0:18:00.520
<v Speaker 2>the finest captain in the Royal Navy. He wasn't the

0:18:00.560 --> 0:18:03.760
<v Speaker 2>worst either. He was just you know, average, and his

0:18:03.840 --> 0:18:06.040
<v Speaker 2>track record wasn't so great, and there were plenty of

0:18:06.119 --> 0:18:08.480
<v Speaker 2>other captains in the Royal Navy that had far better

0:18:08.560 --> 0:18:12.680
<v Speaker 2>track records than him. But again, I don't want to

0:18:12.680 --> 0:18:15.560
<v Speaker 2>get across like he was the wrong man for the job.

0:18:15.640 --> 0:18:18.520
<v Speaker 2>He just wasn't necessarily the best man for the job.

0:18:18.840 --> 0:18:21.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, exactly. I was trying to make up a funny

0:18:21.800 --> 0:18:23.639
<v Speaker 1>name for the worst captain in the Royal Navy.

0:18:23.680 --> 0:18:27.680
<v Speaker 2>But stop I got I got nothing either.

0:18:28.080 --> 0:18:28.320
<v Speaker 1>Yeah.

0:18:28.440 --> 0:18:31.720
<v Speaker 2>No matter how I try, I guarantee it won't be good.

0:18:32.760 --> 0:18:37.359
<v Speaker 1>Like, uh, oh, what's something funny about someone who can't sail?

0:18:39.560 --> 0:18:40.920
<v Speaker 2>They have lead feet?

0:18:41.320 --> 0:18:43.840
<v Speaker 1>About lead foot Mick can't swim?

0:18:44.600 --> 0:18:48.639
<v Speaker 2>Oh boy, that's not a good sailor right there? Or

0:18:49.440 --> 0:18:51.000
<v Speaker 2>James Francis can't steer?

0:18:51.440 --> 0:18:56.359
<v Speaker 1>Right? Yeah? I love it. Should we speaking of steering?

0:18:56.400 --> 0:18:57.560
<v Speaker 1>Should we talk about these boats?

0:18:58.280 --> 0:19:00.840
<v Speaker 2>Uh? Yeah, let's because they're kind of important too.

0:19:01.000 --> 0:19:04.280
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, very important. One, as I guess, is named for

0:19:04.320 --> 0:19:07.320
<v Speaker 1>the TV show The Terror or vice versa. Yeah, and

0:19:07.400 --> 0:19:09.439
<v Speaker 1>the Arabis. What also said it was named after the

0:19:09.440 --> 0:19:14.520
<v Speaker 1>TV show and the Arabis. These were previous to this outing.

0:19:14.600 --> 0:19:18.800
<v Speaker 1>They were they were warships, but they were ships that didn't,

0:19:18.840 --> 0:19:20.960
<v Speaker 1>you know, have like cannons up and down the sides.

0:19:21.040 --> 0:19:25.840
<v Speaker 1>They were delivering big mortar rounds close to shore, so

0:19:25.920 --> 0:19:28.960
<v Speaker 1>they were they were squatty, and they were super strong,

0:19:29.600 --> 0:19:33.159
<v Speaker 1>and they were sailing ships. But they were retrofitted for

0:19:33.280 --> 0:19:35.439
<v Speaker 1>this adventure. I keep calling you an adventure.

0:19:35.560 --> 0:19:37.719
<v Speaker 2>It was an adventure. I think that's yeah.

0:19:37.760 --> 0:19:40.439
<v Speaker 1>For a while at least they were retrofitted in a

0:19:40.440 --> 0:19:42.959
<v Speaker 1>bunch of ways. First of all, adding these iron plates

0:19:42.960 --> 0:19:44.800
<v Speaker 1>to the front to you know, break through the ice.

0:19:45.359 --> 0:19:48.280
<v Speaker 1>But then they also added a steam engine to this

0:19:48.400 --> 0:19:52.600
<v Speaker 1>sailing vessel, not to just use full time, but you know,

0:19:52.600 --> 0:19:55.000
<v Speaker 1>because you require too much coal, you can't do something

0:19:55.040 --> 0:19:58.480
<v Speaker 1>like that, but to get you through, like like I

0:19:58.520 --> 0:20:00.280
<v Speaker 1>was talking about that moving ice. If they were like,

0:20:00.359 --> 0:20:01.920
<v Speaker 1>oh my gosh, we need to get over there quick

0:20:02.200 --> 0:20:05.000
<v Speaker 1>because I see a channel that's closing, they could kick

0:20:05.040 --> 0:20:07.439
<v Speaker 1>in that steam and get over there faster. That's just

0:20:07.480 --> 0:20:09.960
<v Speaker 1>like one ways that they would use the steam engine.

0:20:10.080 --> 0:20:12.479
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, like if you were playing Frogger, you wanted your

0:20:12.480 --> 0:20:16.680
<v Speaker 2>steam engines going exactly. So they also figured out how

0:20:16.680 --> 0:20:20.119
<v Speaker 2>to use the steam as basically central heating. This was

0:20:20.200 --> 0:20:22.760
<v Speaker 2>like a cool state of the art. We're talking like

0:20:22.840 --> 0:20:26.240
<v Speaker 2>the late eighteen forties here, and these guys were going

0:20:26.280 --> 0:20:28.399
<v Speaker 2>on an Arctic expedition and I think they may have

0:20:28.440 --> 0:20:31.240
<v Speaker 2>been the first crew ever to sail into the Arctic

0:20:31.320 --> 0:20:35.840
<v Speaker 2>with central heat. So that was an enormous luxury. And

0:20:35.920 --> 0:20:40.800
<v Speaker 2>they also used the steam system as a water distillation system,

0:20:41.040 --> 0:20:43.320
<v Speaker 2>so they had all the fresh water they needed, but

0:20:43.720 --> 0:20:47.800
<v Speaker 2>they could desalinate it, they could decontaminate it. It was

0:20:48.080 --> 0:20:50.920
<v Speaker 2>just a really ingenious system, all kind of built into one.

0:20:51.480 --> 0:20:55.040
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. And if you're wondering about the propellers, sure being

0:20:55.040 --> 0:20:58.240
<v Speaker 1>a problem with the ice. They actually retracted back into

0:20:58.280 --> 0:21:01.800
<v Speaker 1>the hole when they were in shallow water and icy water.

0:21:02.200 --> 0:21:05.640
<v Speaker 1>So for the eighteen forties, this felt like a very

0:21:05.640 --> 0:21:06.480
<v Speaker 1>modern operation.

0:21:06.760 --> 0:21:10.760
<v Speaker 2>Oh yeah, for sure. So it's important to remember though

0:21:10.800 --> 0:21:12.560
<v Speaker 2>that the steam was meant to just kind of give

0:21:12.640 --> 0:21:15.320
<v Speaker 2>them a boost. They were still sailing ships, that's yes.

0:21:15.400 --> 0:21:17.359
<v Speaker 2>Mostly how they moved was through sale.

0:21:17.640 --> 0:21:20.520
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and they brought a lot of stuff. We always

0:21:20.600 --> 0:21:23.040
<v Speaker 1>like to talk about, oh boy, the load of any

0:21:23.080 --> 0:21:25.720
<v Speaker 1>expedition and what they kind of carried, because it's usually

0:21:25.720 --> 0:21:29.359
<v Speaker 1>a precursor too. They didn't either have enough or they

0:21:29.359 --> 0:21:33.160
<v Speaker 1>had the wrong stuff. They had thirty two thousand pounds

0:21:33.200 --> 0:21:37.480
<v Speaker 1>of beef, thirty three pounds of tinned meat, which will

0:21:38.000 --> 0:21:39.760
<v Speaker 1>very much come into play. We'll get to that later.

0:21:40.600 --> 0:21:43.520
<v Speaker 1>They had fresh veggies, they had livestock. They had live

0:21:43.560 --> 0:21:44.760
<v Speaker 1>animals on board, right.

0:21:45.280 --> 0:21:49.520
<v Speaker 2>They had cattle, sheep, pigs, hens. Sure, all meant to

0:21:49.560 --> 0:21:53.480
<v Speaker 2>probably not last very long, and then eating was good

0:21:53.520 --> 0:21:57.000
<v Speaker 2>at first, exactly. They also had pets to chuck. There

0:21:57.000 --> 0:21:59.480
<v Speaker 2>were three pets there was a monkey that Lady Jane

0:21:59.520 --> 0:22:02.359
<v Speaker 2>Franklin gave to the ship as a president, and I

0:22:02.359 --> 0:22:05.919
<v Speaker 2>guess was kind of Captain Franklin's pet. Yeah, and they

0:22:05.960 --> 0:22:08.280
<v Speaker 2>apparently used to steal stuff a lot, but it was

0:22:08.560 --> 0:22:11.600
<v Speaker 2>a super cute monkey, so everybody forgave him every time. Yeah.

0:22:11.720 --> 0:22:14.680
<v Speaker 2>Much more popular was a dog named Neptune and Newfoundland.

0:22:15.320 --> 0:22:17.760
<v Speaker 2>I mean, come on, it gotta have a dog on board.

0:22:17.920 --> 0:22:19.680
<v Speaker 2>And then there was a cat that may or may

0:22:19.720 --> 0:22:21.800
<v Speaker 2>not have had a name, because I think I got

0:22:21.800 --> 0:22:25.840
<v Speaker 2>this information from a historian named John Geiger, who was

0:22:25.880 --> 0:22:30.919
<v Speaker 2>basically dedicated as a career to the Franklin expedition, and

0:22:31.000 --> 0:22:33.320
<v Speaker 2>he does not name this cat, and the fact that

0:22:33.359 --> 0:22:35.400
<v Speaker 2>he didn't makes me think that cat didn't have a name.

0:22:35.720 --> 0:22:37.800
<v Speaker 2>It was just the cat.

0:22:38.160 --> 0:22:39.960
<v Speaker 1>I don't think they named cats for a while.

0:22:40.320 --> 0:22:40.720
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:22:40.960 --> 0:22:43.879
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I've seen a lot of historical stories where there

0:22:43.960 --> 0:22:45.840
<v Speaker 1>was like a cat they just called cat.

0:22:46.240 --> 0:22:50.440
<v Speaker 2>So like mister Sphinx didn't come around until like the seventies. Maybe,

0:22:50.640 --> 0:22:54.040
<v Speaker 2>I don't know, we'll find out. What's the short stuff

0:22:54.119 --> 0:22:55.359
<v Speaker 2>just waiting to happen.

0:22:55.400 --> 0:22:58.959
<v Speaker 1>I totally They also had thousands of pounds of sugar,

0:22:59.520 --> 0:23:02.480
<v Speaker 1>had ton of spices. I mentioned the veggies they had.

0:23:03.119 --> 0:23:05.680
<v Speaker 1>You gotta have tobacco. They had about seven thousand plus

0:23:05.720 --> 0:23:10.119
<v Speaker 1>pounds of tobacco, tons of booze, four thousand gallons of

0:23:10.680 --> 0:23:15.199
<v Speaker 1>either rum or wine, close to three thousand pounds of

0:23:15.280 --> 0:23:18.560
<v Speaker 1>candles so they could see because you know, it gets

0:23:18.880 --> 0:23:21.240
<v Speaker 1>during the winter there, it's dark for long, long periods

0:23:21.280 --> 0:23:21.600
<v Speaker 1>of time.

0:23:21.720 --> 0:23:22.119
<v Speaker 2>For sure.

0:23:22.920 --> 0:23:24.240
<v Speaker 1>Lemon juice, lots of lemon.

0:23:24.119 --> 0:23:26.320
<v Speaker 2>Juice, that's a big one. They had nine hundred and

0:23:26.359 --> 0:23:29.680
<v Speaker 2>thirty gallons of lemon juice to stave off scurvy, and

0:23:29.760 --> 0:23:34.120
<v Speaker 2>every crew member got an ounce a day, and unfortunately

0:23:34.119 --> 0:23:36.320
<v Speaker 2>it didn't work for a lot of people. A lot

0:23:36.320 --> 0:23:38.880
<v Speaker 2>of guys seemed to have gotten scurvy. Their teeth fell out,

0:23:38.960 --> 0:23:41.640
<v Speaker 2>and they were fatigued, and all sorts of terrible things

0:23:41.760 --> 0:23:45.439
<v Speaker 2>happened because of a vitamin C deficiency. And yet they

0:23:45.480 --> 0:23:49.960
<v Speaker 2>had enough lemon And apparently historians think that the lemon

0:23:50.040 --> 0:23:53.440
<v Speaker 2>juice may have started to ferment, and so to kill

0:23:53.480 --> 0:23:56.639
<v Speaker 2>off those that bacteria, they may have boiled the lemon

0:23:56.760 --> 0:23:59.359
<v Speaker 2>juice to get kind of recharge it, and in doing

0:23:59.400 --> 0:24:02.320
<v Speaker 2>so I would render the ascorbic acid, the vitamin C

0:24:02.840 --> 0:24:06.159
<v Speaker 2>totally ineffective, inert. Basically and so they could have been

0:24:06.200 --> 0:24:08.240
<v Speaker 2>drinking lemon juice all day long and they still would

0:24:08.280 --> 0:24:11.840
<v Speaker 2>have gotten scurvy. So that's a great theory. I don't

0:24:11.840 --> 0:24:14.199
<v Speaker 2>know how accurate it is, but it's the best one

0:24:14.240 --> 0:24:16.119
<v Speaker 2>i've heard. It's also the only one I've heard, but

0:24:16.119 --> 0:24:17.320
<v Speaker 2>it's still pretty good.

0:24:18.520 --> 0:24:20.199
<v Speaker 1>And how about we set up the first part of

0:24:20.240 --> 0:24:25.439
<v Speaker 1>this tinned food thing and then we'll reveal what happened later. Yeah,

0:24:25.480 --> 0:24:27.800
<v Speaker 1>but he you know, it was sort of a new thing.

0:24:28.640 --> 0:24:31.359
<v Speaker 1>Usually you would take dry goods like salted pork and

0:24:31.400 --> 0:24:33.280
<v Speaker 1>stuff like that if you wanted to eat well on

0:24:33.320 --> 0:24:35.760
<v Speaker 1>a ship. But Franklin said, no, let's do this a

0:24:35.760 --> 0:24:41.760
<v Speaker 1>little better. Tinning technology is new. I'm in a contract

0:24:41.760 --> 0:24:45.919
<v Speaker 1>with this guy's named Stephen Goldener, and he's well, I

0:24:45.960 --> 0:24:47.439
<v Speaker 1>was about to say the best at this, but he

0:24:47.560 --> 0:24:51.760
<v Speaker 1>was doing this and they said, give us whatever you

0:24:51.800 --> 0:24:55.119
<v Speaker 1>can get us on time. We need eight tins of food,

0:24:56.040 --> 0:24:59.120
<v Speaker 1>cooked beef, cooked pork, preserve meat, all soup even.

0:24:59.280 --> 0:24:59.800
<v Speaker 2>Don't forget that.

0:25:00.760 --> 0:25:03.080
<v Speaker 1>Oh well, what is pemmican? I've heard of that.

0:25:03.160 --> 0:25:06.800
<v Speaker 2>It's uh, it's it's I saw it described as paste

0:25:07.240 --> 0:25:11.919
<v Speaker 2>of dried and pounded meat mixed with fat and spices.

0:25:12.280 --> 0:25:14.840
<v Speaker 2>I saw it compared to oily beef jerkey, and then

0:25:14.880 --> 0:25:18.880
<v Speaker 2>some people like I guess keto, people like we'll add

0:25:19.000 --> 0:25:21.040
<v Speaker 2>like maybe some fruit or something to it, just for

0:25:21.119 --> 0:25:23.960
<v Speaker 2>a little bit of carbs. Okay, But it was a

0:25:24.080 --> 0:25:26.920
<v Speaker 2>very popular staple in the Arctic because it was fatty

0:25:27.080 --> 0:25:29.480
<v Speaker 2>and full of protein and that's what you needed. Those

0:25:29.480 --> 0:25:30.560
<v Speaker 2>are good things, yeah.

0:25:30.400 --> 0:25:34.199
<v Speaker 1>For sure. And Goldener was like, all right, uh, this

0:25:34.240 --> 0:25:36.360
<v Speaker 1>stuff is gonna be great. It'll last you a few

0:25:36.440 --> 0:25:39.440
<v Speaker 1>years and I need to get to work though, because

0:25:39.480 --> 0:25:43.720
<v Speaker 1>I have a short timeline. But delivered those tins and

0:25:43.800 --> 0:25:45.320
<v Speaker 1>that's where we're gonna leave it for now.

0:25:45.560 --> 0:25:49.440
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. So they they took on all these supplies I

0:25:49.480 --> 0:25:56.880
<v Speaker 2>think after they passed Scotland in Disco Bay d s KO. Yeah. Yeah,

0:25:57.480 --> 0:26:01.160
<v Speaker 2>they do not dance in Disco Bay. That's in Greenland

0:26:01.200 --> 0:26:03.640
<v Speaker 2>on the west coast of Greenland. That's where they took

0:26:03.640 --> 0:26:07.560
<v Speaker 2>on supplies. And then also really interestingly, they left behind

0:26:07.640 --> 0:26:10.280
<v Speaker 2>five guys. There were originally one hundred and thirty four

0:26:10.440 --> 0:26:13.600
<v Speaker 2>crew members, but five of them were left behind in

0:26:13.640 --> 0:26:17.200
<v Speaker 2>Greenland because they were basically booted off the ship by Franklin.

0:26:17.960 --> 0:26:20.920
<v Speaker 2>The only explanation I saw is that they had run

0:26:20.960 --> 0:26:24.359
<v Speaker 2>a foul of his bands on swearing and drunkenness, so

0:26:24.440 --> 0:26:28.800
<v Speaker 2>they actually managed to avoid this grim fate by cursing

0:26:28.840 --> 0:26:34.360
<v Speaker 2>and being drunk essentially. So yeah, for sure. So they

0:26:34.359 --> 0:26:36.640
<v Speaker 2>took on all of these supplies. They took on the coal,

0:26:36.680 --> 0:26:39.480
<v Speaker 2>they took on all the tin meat and all that,

0:26:40.880 --> 0:26:44.000
<v Speaker 2>and they started sailing toward baff And Bay. Not the

0:26:44.000 --> 0:26:46.040
<v Speaker 2>one in Texas. This one is up in the Arctic.

0:26:46.640 --> 0:26:50.040
<v Speaker 2>And they were about to enter Lancaster Sound, or they did.

0:26:50.920 --> 0:26:53.600
<v Speaker 2>Right before they did, they were sighted by a couple

0:26:53.600 --> 0:26:56.440
<v Speaker 2>of whaling ships, the Enterprise and the Prince of Wales.

0:26:57.040 --> 0:27:00.280
<v Speaker 2>And it's really disappointing. They didn't spell the Prince of

0:27:00.320 --> 0:27:02.920
<v Speaker 2>Whales like a whale. They build it like the country.

0:27:03.680 --> 0:27:04.640
<v Speaker 2>It's a whaling chip.

0:27:04.680 --> 0:27:07.600
<v Speaker 1>Come on, yeah, I mean, and boat names are supposed

0:27:07.640 --> 0:27:08.520
<v Speaker 1>to be buns.

0:27:08.480 --> 0:27:12.880
<v Speaker 2>For sure, for sure. Like, oh man, I can't think

0:27:12.920 --> 0:27:13.760
<v Speaker 2>of one right now.

0:27:14.480 --> 0:27:15.080
<v Speaker 1>I can't either.

0:27:15.200 --> 0:27:17.760
<v Speaker 2>All of them are, though, aren't they. Yeah, at least

0:27:17.760 --> 0:27:20.800
<v Speaker 2>the one's in Florida, and you know California, like San Diego.

0:27:21.080 --> 0:27:22.320
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, they're very funny usually.

0:27:22.400 --> 0:27:25.320
<v Speaker 2>Okay, So these whaling ships hung out with them. Apparently

0:27:25.359 --> 0:27:27.240
<v Speaker 2>they boarded and like looked around and they were like,

0:27:27.280 --> 0:27:29.800
<v Speaker 2>oh my god, central heat. When they took their leave

0:27:29.840 --> 0:27:33.119
<v Speaker 2>of the Arabis and the terror, they were the last people.

0:27:33.440 --> 0:27:37.399
<v Speaker 2>They were the last Europeans to see these people alive.

0:27:38.080 --> 0:27:38.520
<v Speaker 1>That's right.

0:27:39.320 --> 0:27:40.639
<v Speaker 2>And one of the other things I just want to

0:27:40.640 --> 0:27:44.960
<v Speaker 2>say about Lancaster Sound chuck from baff And Bay. If

0:27:45.000 --> 0:27:47.119
<v Speaker 2>you look at it on a map and they don't

0:27:47.160 --> 0:27:49.280
<v Speaker 2>map out the sea ice, it is a You could

0:27:49.320 --> 0:27:52.560
<v Speaker 2>shoot an arrow from baff And Bay to the Arctic Ocean,

0:27:52.560 --> 0:27:56.120
<v Speaker 2>which would eventually take you to the Pacific, just straight

0:27:56.240 --> 0:27:59.600
<v Speaker 2>through Lancaster Sound. And yet because of the ice, it

0:27:59.680 --> 0:28:03.560
<v Speaker 2>was so bad they couldn't go anywhere near across Lancaster Sound.

0:28:03.560 --> 0:28:05.480
<v Speaker 2>They had to immediately start to go south.

0:28:06.320 --> 0:28:10.800
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, boy, go south. Indeed, I guess we should talk

0:28:10.840 --> 0:28:13.080
<v Speaker 1>a little bit about sort of how you navigate through

0:28:13.119 --> 0:28:16.399
<v Speaker 1>this ice. We did mention that that had, you know,

0:28:16.560 --> 0:28:18.880
<v Speaker 1>iron on the front of their ships, and any any

0:28:18.880 --> 0:28:21.280
<v Speaker 1>sort of ice ship or fishing ship that's in icy

0:28:21.320 --> 0:28:25.560
<v Speaker 1>waters will have a reinforced hull because you know, you

0:28:25.640 --> 0:28:28.600
<v Speaker 1>can break through some of this stuff. If you ever

0:28:28.640 --> 0:28:30.760
<v Speaker 1>watch you know, Deadliest Catch. They do that kind of

0:28:30.760 --> 0:28:33.480
<v Speaker 1>thing here and there. But if you really get sort

0:28:33.520 --> 0:28:36.640
<v Speaker 1>of in a position where you you know the ice

0:28:36.720 --> 0:28:39.160
<v Speaker 1>is too thick, and you know this ice is continually

0:28:39.600 --> 0:28:42.960
<v Speaker 1>being just smashed against the shore until you have like

0:28:43.040 --> 0:28:46.000
<v Speaker 1>ice mountains along the shoreline and it just it just

0:28:46.040 --> 0:28:48.520
<v Speaker 1>stacks up on each other. So eventually, if you get

0:28:48.520 --> 0:28:51.280
<v Speaker 1>to a place where you really can't get through, there

0:28:51.320 --> 0:28:53.000
<v Speaker 1>are a couple of things you can do. You can

0:28:53.040 --> 0:28:55.960
<v Speaker 1>wait for summer and like cross your fingers that it'll melt,

0:28:56.000 --> 0:28:58.520
<v Speaker 1>because it may not even melt then. Or you can

0:28:58.600 --> 0:29:03.000
<v Speaker 1>use a process called warp, which is when you basically

0:29:03.040 --> 0:29:06.960
<v Speaker 1>inch yourself along little by little by If there's land nearby,

0:29:07.040 --> 0:29:09.640
<v Speaker 1>you could like tie yourself to something strong on land

0:29:10.200 --> 0:29:13.840
<v Speaker 1>and winch yourself by little by little. If there's no

0:29:13.920 --> 0:29:16.320
<v Speaker 1>land around, you can put your anchor in a dinghy

0:29:16.880 --> 0:29:19.480
<v Speaker 1>and send somebody out, probably not a dingy, a little

0:29:19.520 --> 0:29:24.040
<v Speaker 1>bit bigger boat, drop the anchor, and then wind yourself

0:29:24.040 --> 0:29:27.920
<v Speaker 1>toward that anchor. But it is extremely slow going if

0:29:27.960 --> 0:29:30.080
<v Speaker 1>you can even get through at that point. I think

0:29:30.200 --> 0:29:33.800
<v Speaker 1>Edie's one example of a rescue expedition that was trying

0:29:33.840 --> 0:29:37.640
<v Speaker 1>to find Franklin that spent nine hours basically going the

0:29:37.720 --> 0:29:39.680
<v Speaker 1>length of their ship like an inch at a time,

0:29:39.840 --> 0:29:44.920
<v Speaker 1>So it's not fun. It is, but it's like that

0:29:44.920 --> 0:29:47.320
<v Speaker 1>may be your only chance at survival sometimes because you can,

0:29:47.640 --> 0:29:50.320
<v Speaker 1>you could get stuck in ice forever and die for sure.

0:29:50.360 --> 0:29:54.240
<v Speaker 2>And that's actually what the Franklin Expedition found themselves in

0:29:54.480 --> 0:29:58.040
<v Speaker 2>that situation. Now, at first they were doing fine. They

0:29:59.080 --> 0:30:05.200
<v Speaker 2>wintered Ichy Island, which is not very far past where

0:30:05.240 --> 0:30:09.160
<v Speaker 2>they entered from baff And Bay, because I think they

0:30:09.200 --> 0:30:15.400
<v Speaker 2>set sail on May nineteenth, and winter comes quickly, right exactly,

0:30:15.440 --> 0:30:20.440
<v Speaker 2>They finally oh sorry, they finally left Disco Bay in

0:30:20.560 --> 0:30:23.600
<v Speaker 2>July of eighteen forty five. So yeah, winter comes way

0:30:23.680 --> 0:30:26.280
<v Speaker 2>earlier up there than it does here. So they wintered

0:30:26.320 --> 0:30:30.240
<v Speaker 2>pretty quickly and they were successful that first winter. I

0:30:30.360 --> 0:30:32.880
<v Speaker 2>started to melt and they started to do some cool

0:30:32.920 --> 0:30:38.560
<v Speaker 2>little navigating and apparently doing U turns and all sorts

0:30:38.560 --> 0:30:42.040
<v Speaker 2>of stuff that will never probably know exactly what they did. Yeah,

0:30:42.040 --> 0:30:44.400
<v Speaker 2>but that first winter and summer went fine.

0:30:45.040 --> 0:30:49.239
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but three guys did die of basically kind of

0:30:49.400 --> 0:30:51.400
<v Speaker 1>how you die back then in those conditions. Could have

0:30:51.400 --> 0:30:54.160
<v Speaker 1>been pneumonia, it could have been I mean, he knows

0:30:54.240 --> 0:30:55.840
<v Speaker 1>what kind of helped some of these guys are in

0:30:55.920 --> 0:30:59.200
<v Speaker 1>but it wasn't anything like super unusual. They just lost

0:30:59.240 --> 0:30:59.680
<v Speaker 1>three guys.

0:31:00.120 --> 0:31:04.840
<v Speaker 2>Yes, but that supposedly was not a good record, even

0:31:04.840 --> 0:31:08.080
<v Speaker 2>for an Arctic expedition, losing three guys that quickly. Yeah,

0:31:08.480 --> 0:31:11.760
<v Speaker 2>So aside from the three deaths, fine, things went pretty

0:31:11.800 --> 0:31:16.160
<v Speaker 2>well compared to the rest of the expedition. That was great, right, Sure,

0:31:17.040 --> 0:31:19.560
<v Speaker 2>So the first winter comes and goes, the first summer

0:31:19.600 --> 0:31:21.719
<v Speaker 2>comes and goes, and now they've made it to the

0:31:21.760 --> 0:31:26.720
<v Speaker 2>northwest corner of King William Island and they get they

0:31:26.720 --> 0:31:29.800
<v Speaker 2>get iced in for the winter. And again, this is

0:31:29.920 --> 0:31:32.760
<v Speaker 2>what they're expecting. They had three years worth of supplies.

0:31:32.800 --> 0:31:35.920
<v Speaker 2>They figured it would take that long to circumnavigate all

0:31:35.920 --> 0:31:40.000
<v Speaker 2>of this, you know, this ice flow and throughout these seasons.

0:31:40.320 --> 0:31:44.040
<v Speaker 2>So they're not worried yet. When they start to worry

0:31:44.520 --> 0:31:47.040
<v Speaker 2>is when the next summer comes and the ice doesn't

0:31:47.120 --> 0:31:48.520
<v Speaker 2>melt right.

0:31:48.760 --> 0:31:51.480
<v Speaker 1>And that's what I mentioned earlier by crossing your fingers.

0:31:51.560 --> 0:31:54.280
<v Speaker 1>You know, it sometimes it melts, sometimes it doesn't. It

0:31:54.320 --> 0:31:58.400
<v Speaker 1>all depends on the conditions at the time. At this point,

0:31:58.440 --> 0:32:00.320
<v Speaker 1>they had been there for a while, like you said,

0:32:00.360 --> 0:32:03.160
<v Speaker 1>we're surviving and they were even sending guys ashore that

0:32:03.240 --> 0:32:08.680
<v Speaker 1>were you charting their location, and nothing was really out

0:32:08.720 --> 0:32:11.360
<v Speaker 1>of the ordinary, like you said, until they were like,

0:32:11.480 --> 0:32:15.480
<v Speaker 1>well we're still stuck, and that's when it got fairly scary.

0:32:15.920 --> 0:32:19.560
<v Speaker 1>This is I guess spring or what would be spring.

0:32:19.560 --> 0:32:22.600
<v Speaker 1>I don't even know what you would call may in

0:32:22.640 --> 0:32:26.440
<v Speaker 1>that area in eighteen forty seven Winter part two, maybe sure,

0:32:28.240 --> 0:32:30.720
<v Speaker 1>there was a team that went to leave. They had

0:32:30.720 --> 0:32:34.200
<v Speaker 1>this method for leaving messages. They would use these Royal

0:32:34.320 --> 0:32:38.840
<v Speaker 1>Navy forms, basically like they should have just had letterhead

0:32:38.840 --> 0:32:40.360
<v Speaker 1>because they would have had more room to write, but

0:32:40.480 --> 0:32:43.240
<v Speaker 1>instead they would write in the margins of these Royal

0:32:43.320 --> 0:32:45.400
<v Speaker 1>Navy forms, just to make sure people knew it was them,

0:32:45.840 --> 0:32:49.680
<v Speaker 1>and they would leave them in sealed canisters in various places.

0:32:50.000 --> 0:32:53.320
<v Speaker 1>This one was under a cairn that someone else had

0:32:53.320 --> 0:32:57.720
<v Speaker 1>built before them, and it was a pretty brief note.

0:32:57.920 --> 0:33:02.400
<v Speaker 1>Things were okay, nothing out of the ordinary to report

0:33:02.440 --> 0:33:05.960
<v Speaker 1>at that time. These people came back to the ship

0:33:06.320 --> 0:33:09.239
<v Speaker 1>from you know, delivering this note and making sure it

0:33:09.280 --> 0:33:12.600
<v Speaker 1>was safe to be found later. And Franklin had died

0:33:12.640 --> 0:33:14.880
<v Speaker 1>while they were gone on June eleventh.

0:33:15.200 --> 0:33:19.000
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, they even said in the note Franklin commanding and

0:33:19.040 --> 0:33:23.760
<v Speaker 2>then all as far as we know, right, So that's

0:33:24.360 --> 0:33:26.000
<v Speaker 2>I mean that's kind of a big deal. I mean,

0:33:26.040 --> 0:33:31.040
<v Speaker 2>the leader of the expedition dies, it's not like, well,

0:33:31.360 --> 0:33:32.800
<v Speaker 2>what do we do now? I Mean there was a

0:33:32.840 --> 0:33:37.400
<v Speaker 2>second in command, a guy named Francis Krozer, and then

0:33:37.440 --> 0:33:40.240
<v Speaker 2>a third in command named James Fitzjames, so there was

0:33:40.280 --> 0:33:43.800
<v Speaker 2>like a clear chain of command of able captains and leaders.

0:33:43.880 --> 0:33:46.360
<v Speaker 2>Right sure, but it's still I mean, at the very least,

0:33:46.640 --> 0:33:49.000
<v Speaker 2>that's just seems like bad juju when you're up on

0:33:49.040 --> 0:33:52.200
<v Speaker 2>an Arctic expedition and you've been snowed in through summer, right.

0:33:52.360 --> 0:33:55.200
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and a few other people died too, so at

0:33:55.200 --> 0:33:58.800
<v Speaker 1>this point they've lost, you know, probably close to ten people.

0:33:59.160 --> 0:34:02.280
<v Speaker 2>So from remember eighteen forty six when they first got

0:34:03.000 --> 0:34:06.040
<v Speaker 2>iced in for the second time, this time off the

0:34:06.080 --> 0:34:09.680
<v Speaker 2>northwest coast of King William Island, all the way through

0:34:09.719 --> 0:34:13.879
<v Speaker 2>eighteen forty eight and actually beyond, they just sat there.

0:34:13.920 --> 0:34:17.600
<v Speaker 2>Their ships were iced in. They didn't move. They just

0:34:17.680 --> 0:34:19.680
<v Speaker 2>stayed there. If the ice moved, then the ships moved,

0:34:19.680 --> 0:34:21.840
<v Speaker 2>but that was it. They didn't move within the ice.

0:34:22.320 --> 0:34:24.640
<v Speaker 2>And these guys are like living on these ships, kind

0:34:24.640 --> 0:34:26.960
<v Speaker 2>of living on shore. They made camps and then they

0:34:27.000 --> 0:34:31.319
<v Speaker 2>finally abandoned the ships because it was becoming clear that

0:34:32.360 --> 0:34:35.319
<v Speaker 2>I guess Krozier had this gamble to make. He could

0:34:35.320 --> 0:34:39.080
<v Speaker 2>either wait to see if the ice melted next summer,

0:34:40.040 --> 0:34:43.160
<v Speaker 2>and in which case they could probably make it through

0:34:43.200 --> 0:34:45.560
<v Speaker 2>to safety. They could sail the safety during the summer

0:34:45.920 --> 0:34:49.960
<v Speaker 2>and be saved, but if the ice didn't melt, he

0:34:50.000 --> 0:34:54.520
<v Speaker 2>would have wasted several months waiting to see if the

0:34:54.560 --> 0:34:57.840
<v Speaker 2>ice melted when they could have been walking to safety.

0:34:58.360 --> 0:35:02.600
<v Speaker 2>And he chose option B. He said, we need to

0:35:02.640 --> 0:35:06.000
<v Speaker 2>start moving towards safety because I don't think that the

0:35:06.120 --> 0:35:07.359
<v Speaker 2>ice is going to melt again.

0:35:08.239 --> 0:35:13.719
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. And the Inuit, uh, the ones who listened to them,

0:35:14.280 --> 0:35:17.360
<v Speaker 1>a few dozen of them did make it to mainland Canada.

0:35:17.760 --> 0:35:20.280
<v Speaker 1>But just because you made it to mainland Canada doesn't

0:35:20.320 --> 0:35:23.400
<v Speaker 1>mean like that you're saved. Like they were still in

0:35:23.440 --> 0:35:29.080
<v Speaker 1>big trouble. Yeah, obviously at this point, Lady Jane, well,

0:35:29.120 --> 0:35:29.960
<v Speaker 1>should we take a break now?

0:35:29.960 --> 0:35:31.160
<v Speaker 2>Actually, yeah, let's take a break.

0:35:31.239 --> 0:35:34.600
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, all right, we'll take a break and talk about

0:35:34.640 --> 0:35:58.520
<v Speaker 1>what lady Jane did right for this. All right. So

0:35:59.000 --> 0:36:03.080
<v Speaker 1>at this point, things are going really bad the expedition itself,

0:36:03.120 --> 0:36:06.080
<v Speaker 1>as far as trying to get these last three hundred

0:36:06.080 --> 0:36:08.800
<v Speaker 1>miles that that passage figured out was. I mean, forget

0:36:08.800 --> 0:36:10.959
<v Speaker 1>about that. At this point. These guys are just trying

0:36:11.000 --> 0:36:11.840
<v Speaker 1>to be alive.

0:36:12.040 --> 0:36:17.760
<v Speaker 2>They're walking across yeah, frozen sea ice that they're just walking.

0:36:17.800 --> 0:36:21.160
<v Speaker 2>It's that much ice that it's just like one continuous

0:36:21.160 --> 0:36:22.520
<v Speaker 2>sheet all the way to Canada.

0:36:23.040 --> 0:36:26.480
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, not a healthy prospect for survival.

0:36:26.680 --> 0:36:28.520
<v Speaker 2>No. And one other thing, Chuck, I want to throw in.

0:36:28.640 --> 0:36:32.560
<v Speaker 2>They're not just walking. They're pushing huge ships loaded with supplies.

0:36:33.560 --> 0:36:36.279
<v Speaker 2>They're dragging them and pushing them along this ice and rock.

0:36:37.080 --> 0:36:40.719
<v Speaker 1>Okay, not a fun task, no, exactly. So this is

0:36:40.719 --> 0:36:44.920
<v Speaker 1>where the search period begins, which spanned from eighteen forty

0:36:44.920 --> 0:36:48.960
<v Speaker 1>seven to eighteen fifty nine. All kinds of people went

0:36:49.000 --> 0:36:52.560
<v Speaker 1>out looking. Lady Jane was ringing that bell. The Royal

0:36:52.640 --> 0:36:56.840
<v Speaker 1>Navy was offering up twenty thousand pounds in eighteen fifty

0:36:57.440 --> 0:36:58.080
<v Speaker 1>ton of money.

0:36:58.160 --> 0:36:58.680
<v Speaker 2>Do you I know.

0:37:00.120 --> 0:37:01.480
<v Speaker 1>Hear it? Was this an American?

0:37:01.600 --> 0:37:04.440
<v Speaker 2>Or I got both, buddy, Well, let's hear it. That

0:37:04.440 --> 0:37:06.719
<v Speaker 2>would be two point two million pounds today or two

0:37:06.760 --> 0:37:08.640
<v Speaker 2>point eight million dollars today.

0:37:09.040 --> 0:37:09.840
<v Speaker 1>What about euros?

0:37:10.360 --> 0:37:13.720
<v Speaker 2>Oh? I didn't do that one. You got me interesting,

0:37:13.800 --> 0:37:16.839
<v Speaker 2>You could have said, what about Drachmas.

0:37:16.080 --> 0:37:18.680
<v Speaker 1>You're typically more thorough. But that's fine.

0:37:18.920 --> 0:37:21.279
<v Speaker 2>Sorry, No, that's it, man.

0:37:21.320 --> 0:37:24.920
<v Speaker 1>That's a lot of money enough to attract what eventually

0:37:25.040 --> 0:37:31.319
<v Speaker 1>ended up being over thirty expeditions that were gonna be

0:37:31.360 --> 0:37:33.919
<v Speaker 1>fraught with the same peril, you know. I mean it's

0:37:33.920 --> 0:37:37.520
<v Speaker 1>not like things had changed and it was now easy,

0:37:37.600 --> 0:37:40.320
<v Speaker 1>but it was you know, it's sort of like in Jaws.

0:37:40.560 --> 0:37:43.520
<v Speaker 1>You know, all these all these people had money on

0:37:43.560 --> 0:37:45.360
<v Speaker 1>their mind. They had their mind on their money and

0:37:45.400 --> 0:37:48.320
<v Speaker 1>the money on their minds right, and wanted all those pounds,

0:37:49.000 --> 0:37:51.640
<v Speaker 1>and it was a big uh, it was a big

0:37:51.680 --> 0:37:54.759
<v Speaker 1>public thing. Like people, people wanted them back, and they

0:37:54.960 --> 0:37:56.880
<v Speaker 1>tried to get them back their hardest.

0:37:56.960 --> 0:37:59.480
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because you know, one of the reasons why John

0:37:59.520 --> 0:38:01.640
<v Speaker 2>Franklin was known was because he was the man who

0:38:01.800 --> 0:38:04.600
<v Speaker 2>ate his boot, going to get that guy the English public, right,

0:38:04.680 --> 0:38:07.239
<v Speaker 2>and the English public was also very much fascinated with

0:38:07.480 --> 0:38:12.160
<v Speaker 2>Arctic exploration. It would be kind of analogous to the

0:38:12.360 --> 0:38:15.480
<v Speaker 2>American public being interested in going to the moon in

0:38:15.520 --> 0:38:16.200
<v Speaker 2>the sixties.

0:38:16.560 --> 0:38:19.040
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, kind of like that. Yeah, not like no, no

0:38:19.040 --> 0:38:20.480
<v Speaker 1>one cares, no.

0:38:20.440 --> 0:38:24.319
<v Speaker 2>Sadly, hopefully everybody will get reinterested again when we start

0:38:24.360 --> 0:38:25.560
<v Speaker 2>going to the moon again soon.

0:38:26.640 --> 0:38:29.440
<v Speaker 1>One of the big names in the one of these

0:38:29.440 --> 0:38:33.160
<v Speaker 1>search parties was a guy named John Ray. He was

0:38:33.840 --> 0:38:37.239
<v Speaker 1>He was a guy that sort of well, we'll get

0:38:37.280 --> 0:38:40.239
<v Speaker 1>to kind of his big reveal in a second here,

0:38:40.320 --> 0:38:44.879
<v Speaker 1>but he was very noteworthy and proficient guy. He knew

0:38:44.920 --> 0:38:47.400
<v Speaker 1>what he was doing. He had been all over the Arctic.

0:38:47.480 --> 0:38:49.160
<v Speaker 1>I think he was one of the guys who listened

0:38:49.160 --> 0:38:50.120
<v Speaker 1>to the Inuit, right.

0:38:50.480 --> 0:38:53.080
<v Speaker 2>He was, and he was. He got shouted down as

0:38:53.120 --> 0:38:56.799
<v Speaker 2>a result because he came back from this exploration and

0:38:56.960 --> 0:39:00.640
<v Speaker 2>interviewing a number of Inuit and he said, hey, they

0:39:00.680 --> 0:39:05.400
<v Speaker 2>told me that these guys probably not probably, but definitely

0:39:05.760 --> 0:39:10.080
<v Speaker 2>engaged in cannibalism. That's how desperate they became. And that

0:39:10.120 --> 0:39:12.839
<v Speaker 2>did not No, that did not sit well with Lady

0:39:12.920 --> 0:39:16.400
<v Speaker 2>Jane Franklin, and she actually got Charles Dickens to basically

0:39:16.440 --> 0:39:20.480
<v Speaker 2>write this diatribe about how terrible a person Ray was

0:39:20.520 --> 0:39:24.359
<v Speaker 2>for listening to the Inuit and how terrible, yeah, how

0:39:24.480 --> 0:39:27.520
<v Speaker 2>terrible the Inuit were. John Geiger says that it was

0:39:28.640 --> 0:39:31.319
<v Speaker 2>just a stain on his reputation that continues today. It

0:39:31.360 --> 0:39:34.000
<v Speaker 2>was very racist, the stuff that he wrote, and he

0:39:34.040 --> 0:39:37.360
<v Speaker 2>did it on behalf of Lady Jane Franklin. To basically say, like,

0:39:37.760 --> 0:39:41.759
<v Speaker 2>you're slandering these heroes, and Dickens even said, if there's

0:39:41.880 --> 0:39:44.480
<v Speaker 2>if they're dead, I'll bet it was the Inuit that

0:39:44.560 --> 0:39:49.000
<v Speaker 2>did this. Anything but the possibility that they actually became

0:39:49.000 --> 0:39:51.560
<v Speaker 2>so desperate to engage you cannibalism. And as we'll see,

0:39:51.680 --> 0:39:54.720
<v Speaker 2>it turns out the Inuit who said that this happened

0:39:54.760 --> 0:39:57.840
<v Speaker 2>were actually proven correct, like a century later.

0:39:58.080 --> 0:40:02.680
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, exactly, by the nineteen hundreds, they had found graves,

0:40:03.440 --> 0:40:07.200
<v Speaker 1>they had found corpses, they had found a lot of

0:40:07.200 --> 0:40:12.520
<v Speaker 1>the stuff except for the ships. And remarkably, just oh

0:40:12.600 --> 0:40:15.520
<v Speaker 1>how long, not even ten years ago, in twenty fourteen,

0:40:15.920 --> 0:40:18.480
<v Speaker 1>and in twenty sixteen they found the Erebus and the

0:40:18.600 --> 0:40:24.200
<v Speaker 1>Terror respectively in about thirty feet of water, fairly intact

0:40:24.880 --> 0:40:27.719
<v Speaker 1>considering how long it had been. And this was I

0:40:27.760 --> 0:40:30.560
<v Speaker 1>think Terror was off of King William Island. Arabus was

0:40:30.600 --> 0:40:35.160
<v Speaker 1>a little further south near the Adelaide Peninsula. And they

0:40:35.400 --> 0:40:38.399
<v Speaker 1>just don't know for sure how the Arabis exactly got there,

0:40:38.440 --> 0:40:42.279
<v Speaker 1>whether it was sailed there or moved there, or just

0:40:42.440 --> 0:40:45.879
<v Speaker 1>accidentally drifted there some combination of all those.

0:40:45.880 --> 0:40:48.480
<v Speaker 2>Who knows, Yeah, it's possible it drifted like after the

0:40:48.520 --> 0:40:51.360
<v Speaker 2>ice melted some people say maybe the ice moved it

0:40:51.360 --> 0:40:53.400
<v Speaker 2>all the way down there. That wouldn't have happened. It

0:40:53.400 --> 0:40:55.920
<v Speaker 2>would have crushed the boat. It could have very easily

0:40:55.960 --> 0:41:00.000
<v Speaker 2>been sailed. But either way, like finding those ships was annoyed.

0:41:00.360 --> 0:41:05.760
<v Speaker 2>And there's really cool Parks Canada videos of scuba divers

0:41:05.760 --> 0:41:09.320
<v Speaker 2>swimming through these ships that are like almost entirely intact.

0:41:10.080 --> 0:41:13.200
<v Speaker 2>There's like still dishes on the shelves and bottles on

0:41:13.280 --> 0:41:17.200
<v Speaker 2>shelves and like desks intact, and they the drawers are closed.

0:41:17.600 --> 0:41:20.680
<v Speaker 2>They think because of the state of the water and

0:41:20.719 --> 0:41:24.719
<v Speaker 2>the anaerobic conditions that there's probably lots of documentation of

0:41:25.080 --> 0:41:28.719
<v Speaker 2>what went on during the expedition in those drawers that

0:41:28.760 --> 0:41:31.640
<v Speaker 2>they're going to eventually be able to get to totally.

0:41:32.719 --> 0:41:35.640
<v Speaker 1>As far as why they perished, there were a bunch

0:41:35.680 --> 0:41:40.040
<v Speaker 1>of theories sort of you know, three of them can

0:41:40.080 --> 0:41:42.560
<v Speaker 1>be kind of lumped together, and it could happen to

0:41:42.680 --> 0:41:46.080
<v Speaker 1>sort of any expedition, which is, you know, bad luck

0:41:46.080 --> 0:41:48.600
<v Speaker 1>with the weather. You know, those two really bad winters

0:41:48.600 --> 0:41:51.920
<v Speaker 1>in a row, without that summer thaw that they maybe

0:41:51.920 --> 0:41:56.680
<v Speaker 1>were counting on, combined with not being as prepared as

0:41:56.680 --> 0:41:59.359
<v Speaker 1>you should have been. I guess two not three. Even

0:41:59.400 --> 0:42:02.120
<v Speaker 1>though they were prepared, they were heavily stocked. This was

0:42:02.160 --> 0:42:05.600
<v Speaker 1>just really rough territory, and the clothes they had might

0:42:05.640 --> 0:42:08.239
<v Speaker 1>not have been perfect. They really held water well, which

0:42:08.239 --> 0:42:14.319
<v Speaker 1>would freeze. The equipment was really heavy. They, like we said,

0:42:14.520 --> 0:42:17.160
<v Speaker 1>they weren't listening to the locals about how you should

0:42:17.160 --> 0:42:19.680
<v Speaker 1>really do things. They were doing things their way. So

0:42:20.280 --> 0:42:23.799
<v Speaker 1>that's a kind of underpreparedness. And so those are just

0:42:23.840 --> 0:42:26.919
<v Speaker 1>sort of under the normal ways that one could die

0:42:26.960 --> 0:42:28.080
<v Speaker 1>on an expedition like this.

0:42:28.200 --> 0:42:31.160
<v Speaker 2>Then, and with the bad luck in particular where they

0:42:31.200 --> 0:42:34.400
<v Speaker 2>got iced in for that second winter, even the Inuit

0:42:34.440 --> 0:42:36.319
<v Speaker 2>are like, well, you don't really go around there. They

0:42:36.360 --> 0:42:39.640
<v Speaker 2>called it two New Knee, which is back of Beyond,

0:42:39.840 --> 0:42:42.000
<v Speaker 2>which is a terrible name for a place that you're

0:42:42.239 --> 0:42:44.640
<v Speaker 2>iced in in the Arctic. And then on that No

0:42:44.920 --> 0:42:48.400
<v Speaker 2>documentary they took ice core samples and they found that

0:42:48.480 --> 0:42:51.520
<v Speaker 2>those winters that they were iced in were two of

0:42:51.520 --> 0:42:55.360
<v Speaker 2>the worst winters in seven hundred years in that area.

0:42:55.640 --> 0:42:56.600
<v Speaker 1>That's called bad luck.

0:42:56.640 --> 0:42:58.800
<v Speaker 2>They had terribly bad luck for sure.

0:42:59.080 --> 0:43:01.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, slash under prepared because they shouldn't have been there

0:43:01.719 --> 0:43:04.960
<v Speaker 1>to begin with, right, So those are all sort of

0:43:05.000 --> 0:43:07.759
<v Speaker 1>normal ways that you could perish. Like I said, the

0:43:07.840 --> 0:43:10.319
<v Speaker 1>last one that we have to talk about, though, is

0:43:10.400 --> 0:43:15.080
<v Speaker 1>this lead poisoning. We talked about the contract with the

0:43:15.760 --> 0:43:18.799
<v Speaker 1>guy that was innovating with his ten meats. He had

0:43:18.880 --> 0:43:23.400
<v Speaker 1>rushed this thing through it apparently leaked lead and you know,

0:43:23.440 --> 0:43:26.120
<v Speaker 1>it was lined with lead and that leaked into the food.

0:43:26.840 --> 0:43:29.279
<v Speaker 1>They did lots of studies over the years. The first,

0:43:29.360 --> 0:43:32.640
<v Speaker 1>I believe was nineteen eighty one. There was an anthropologist

0:43:32.719 --> 0:43:36.479
<v Speaker 1>named Owen, doctor Owen Beatty and basically was the first

0:43:36.480 --> 0:43:40.680
<v Speaker 1>person to say, you know, I think this. We literally

0:43:40.680 --> 0:43:44.000
<v Speaker 1>are founding lead in their bones, like at levels that

0:43:44.120 --> 0:43:47.279
<v Speaker 1>we should not see. And it seems pretty obvious that

0:43:47.440 --> 0:43:51.120
<v Speaker 1>was lead in the examined corpses. Like it may not

0:43:51.160 --> 0:43:53.480
<v Speaker 1>have been everything, but it definitely had something to do

0:43:53.560 --> 0:43:54.840
<v Speaker 1>with a lot of the deaths.

0:43:54.960 --> 0:43:57.960
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it's kind of criticized that he didn't have a

0:43:58.000 --> 0:44:00.840
<v Speaker 2>control group, Like it's possible these guys had tons of

0:44:00.880 --> 0:44:03.799
<v Speaker 2>lead in their bodies anyway, just from lifelong exposure to lead,

0:44:04.200 --> 0:44:06.640
<v Speaker 2>and that it's possible their bones released it as they

0:44:07.000 --> 0:44:11.440
<v Speaker 2>started to die. Basically, we don't know because there isn't

0:44:11.440 --> 0:44:13.799
<v Speaker 2>a control group, but it is it's quite possible that

0:44:13.880 --> 0:44:16.279
<v Speaker 2>it had some effect on the expedition if it wasn't

0:44:16.320 --> 0:44:20.080
<v Speaker 2>directly killing people. They also think that the contaminated tins,

0:44:20.160 --> 0:44:23.080
<v Speaker 2>or that the poorly soldered tins may have been contaminated

0:44:23.080 --> 0:44:25.080
<v Speaker 2>with botulism, which would have killed off a lot of

0:44:25.080 --> 0:44:30.680
<v Speaker 2>people too. And then yeah, so's it's just not clear

0:44:30.680 --> 0:44:32.880
<v Speaker 2>a lot like those first three graves that they found

0:44:33.120 --> 0:44:35.759
<v Speaker 2>from the first winter, like you said they were, I

0:44:35.760 --> 0:44:41.040
<v Speaker 2>think they died from pneumonia from tuberculosis, But so few

0:44:41.160 --> 0:44:44.040
<v Speaker 2>people have been found and the state that they've been

0:44:44.080 --> 0:44:49.640
<v Speaker 2>found in hasn't really allowed for forensic anthropology to say

0:44:49.719 --> 0:44:51.480
<v Speaker 2>this is how this guy died, this is how this

0:44:51.560 --> 0:44:54.879
<v Speaker 2>guy died. So it's all left to the imagination. Yeah,

0:44:54.920 --> 0:44:56.440
<v Speaker 2>And I think one of the things that captures my

0:44:56.520 --> 0:45:02.040
<v Speaker 2>imagination the most is that there Inuit reports that in

0:45:02.080 --> 0:45:04.799
<v Speaker 2>the summer of either eighteen fifty one or eighteen fifty two,

0:45:05.320 --> 0:45:08.960
<v Speaker 2>there were still four survivors left from this crew, four

0:45:09.000 --> 0:45:12.600
<v Speaker 2>of them and a dog, probably Neptune the Newfoundland, I imagine,

0:45:13.120 --> 0:45:15.040
<v Speaker 2>and that they were the most skilled at hunting, so

0:45:15.080 --> 0:45:16.960
<v Speaker 2>they had survived the longest and they were all that

0:45:17.080 --> 0:45:21.560
<v Speaker 2>was left, and by eighteen fifty one eighteen fifty two

0:45:22.000 --> 0:45:25.759
<v Speaker 2>there had already been numerous search expeditions launched, so that

0:45:25.880 --> 0:45:27.960
<v Speaker 2>means that there were people searching for them while there

0:45:27.960 --> 0:45:31.560
<v Speaker 2>were still survivors. They just didn't their paths didn't cross.

0:45:31.600 --> 0:45:34.879
<v Speaker 2>They just didn't find one another. And those guys were

0:45:34.920 --> 0:45:37.680
<v Speaker 2>those last four were the last of them, and I

0:45:37.719 --> 0:45:39.160
<v Speaker 2>guess they did not go on.

0:45:40.200 --> 0:45:42.279
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I guess we should talk a little bit about

0:45:42.280 --> 0:45:45.759
<v Speaker 1>the cannibalism thing, because that's, you know, that was what

0:45:45.920 --> 0:45:50.040
<v Speaker 1>Ray was sort of brave enough to talk about and was,

0:45:50.280 --> 0:45:53.280
<v Speaker 1>you know, like you said he was. He was basically

0:45:53.840 --> 0:45:56.640
<v Speaker 1>shunned because of this. They didn't want to hear anything

0:45:56.680 --> 0:45:59.239
<v Speaker 1>like that, and it turns out that he was. He

0:45:59.320 --> 0:46:01.160
<v Speaker 1>was basically he was right. I mean, there's no other

0:46:01.200 --> 0:46:04.200
<v Speaker 1>way to say it. They found cut marks on bones,

0:46:04.960 --> 0:46:09.359
<v Speaker 1>on leg bones, They found a skull from the same

0:46:09.400 --> 0:46:15.800
<v Speaker 1>person that was intentionally broken. All these like they now

0:46:16.000 --> 0:46:21.560
<v Speaker 1>that we know what cannibal sites look like, it has

0:46:21.640 --> 0:46:26.560
<v Speaker 1>all the markings basically literally, yeah, like intentionally breaking bones,

0:46:26.640 --> 0:46:32.400
<v Speaker 1>cutting bones on purpose. What else they found like clusters clusters.

0:46:31.840 --> 0:46:34.200
<v Speaker 2>Of bones together like they'd just been tossed.

0:46:33.960 --> 0:46:37.040
<v Speaker 1>That weren't like just part of the body dying, Like

0:46:37.080 --> 0:46:38.760
<v Speaker 1>bones that shouldn't be together, were together.

0:46:39.120 --> 0:46:41.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and then a lot of the bones that were

0:46:41.080 --> 0:46:44.319
<v Speaker 2>found were like long bones, so they suspect that they

0:46:44.320 --> 0:46:47.640
<v Speaker 2>had just been like carrying arms and legs. Is portable food.

0:46:49.160 --> 0:46:51.279
<v Speaker 2>It was. It was a bad jam. So there is

0:46:51.440 --> 0:46:53.960
<v Speaker 2>it is clear that they did engage in cannibalism, and

0:46:54.200 --> 0:46:56.600
<v Speaker 2>not only was Ray right, they into it who told

0:46:56.680 --> 0:46:59.680
<v Speaker 2>Ray that they had engaged in cannibalism were right. And

0:47:00.200 --> 0:47:03.080
<v Speaker 2>throughout some of these expeditions that came during this what's

0:47:03.120 --> 0:47:06.480
<v Speaker 2>called the Franklin Search period from eighteen fifty seven to

0:47:06.480 --> 0:47:10.680
<v Speaker 2>fifty nine, a lot of Inuit agreed to be interviewed

0:47:11.200 --> 0:47:15.319
<v Speaker 2>with translators with some of these explorers, and they documented

0:47:15.360 --> 0:47:18.520
<v Speaker 2>these interviews and it wasn't until like a century later

0:47:18.560 --> 0:47:21.600
<v Speaker 2>that historians like John Geiger went through this stuff and

0:47:21.719 --> 0:47:25.400
<v Speaker 2>was like, oh, the Inuit knew all along exactly what

0:47:25.560 --> 0:47:28.440
<v Speaker 2>had happened. Apparently one of them pointed to where the

0:47:28.480 --> 0:47:31.919
<v Speaker 2>ship was that I think the Arabis, and they still

0:47:31.960 --> 0:47:35.319
<v Speaker 2>didn't discover it for another century after that. So it's

0:47:35.320 --> 0:47:38.360
<v Speaker 2>a really interesting, just kind of side note that like

0:47:39.120 --> 0:47:41.880
<v Speaker 2>there's this whole group of people were willing to cooperate

0:47:41.920 --> 0:47:44.960
<v Speaker 2>and share their knowledge and they were just totally ignored

0:47:45.400 --> 0:47:48.120
<v Speaker 2>and that's what led to the mystery that lasted for

0:47:48.200 --> 0:47:49.040
<v Speaker 2>over a century.

0:47:50.000 --> 0:47:51.560
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. I mean, I think if it hadn't been for

0:47:51.640 --> 0:47:54.719
<v Speaker 1>him poking around more, they were quite happy just to

0:47:54.920 --> 0:47:57.200
<v Speaker 1>leave this as it was and that sort of be

0:47:57.280 --> 0:47:58.480
<v Speaker 1>the end of it all.

0:47:58.680 --> 0:48:01.319
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I guess, so, I guess.

0:48:01.320 --> 0:48:02.080
<v Speaker 1>So good stuff.

0:48:02.480 --> 0:48:05.440
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so that's the Franklin expedition. And now that we

0:48:05.560 --> 0:48:08.879
<v Speaker 2>found the ships, yeah, they are pretty confident they we'll

0:48:08.880 --> 0:48:11.160
<v Speaker 2>have a lot more information soon. So that'll be pretty

0:48:11.160 --> 0:48:14.040
<v Speaker 2>cool to look out for. And since I said it's

0:48:14.120 --> 0:48:16.400
<v Speaker 2>cool to look out for. Oh, by the way, if

0:48:16.400 --> 0:48:17.920
<v Speaker 2>you want to know more about this, go check out

0:48:17.960 --> 0:48:21.879
<v Speaker 2>that Nova episode on it. It's really really good. And

0:48:22.840 --> 0:48:24.680
<v Speaker 2>since I said that, it's time for listener now.

0:48:27.400 --> 0:48:31.680
<v Speaker 1>I'm going to call this the shortest short stuff because

0:48:31.680 --> 0:48:36.840
<v Speaker 1>this is from Kent and Kent Talks. He's basically sending

0:48:36.840 --> 0:48:39.680
<v Speaker 1>in a short stuff suggestion, but I think says enough

0:48:39.680 --> 0:48:41.319
<v Speaker 1>about the thing that it can just be its own

0:48:41.320 --> 0:48:44.719
<v Speaker 1>little episode. Here at the end, Oh, we were talking

0:48:44.719 --> 0:48:48.480
<v Speaker 1>about the seventies trucker craze on the trucker episode Long

0:48:48.520 --> 0:48:50.960
<v Speaker 1>Haul Trucking, and he said, we all know truckers have

0:48:51.000 --> 0:48:53.000
<v Speaker 1>their own lingo. But one phrase that has died out

0:48:53.280 --> 0:48:56.920
<v Speaker 1>in usage is the mond Fort lane. Have you ever

0:48:56.960 --> 0:48:57.359
<v Speaker 1>heard of this?

0:48:57.760 --> 0:48:59.280
<v Speaker 2>I had until I wrote his email.

0:48:59.680 --> 0:49:01.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, the Montfort lane referred to the left lane of

0:49:01.920 --> 0:49:05.000
<v Speaker 1>the interstate. In the early seventies of Colorado, cattle legend

0:49:05.080 --> 0:49:09.000
<v Speaker 1>named Kenny Montfort started shipping meat to the East coast.

0:49:09.320 --> 0:49:12.600
<v Speaker 1>He had a fleet of supposedly triple digit trucks and

0:49:12.760 --> 0:49:16.240
<v Speaker 1>drivers who are not afraid to mash it. They turned

0:49:16.280 --> 0:49:19.360
<v Speaker 1>two trips a week from Colorado to New York City.

0:49:19.680 --> 0:49:22.280
<v Speaker 1>One driver recalled he had twelve hundred dollars in speeding

0:49:22.320 --> 0:49:25.160
<v Speaker 1>fines one year. When these were back when tickets were

0:49:25.160 --> 0:49:29.160
<v Speaker 1>about fifteen bucks and points didn't accumulate on your license.

0:49:29.520 --> 0:49:30.320
<v Speaker 2>It's important.

0:49:30.680 --> 0:49:32.839
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you just rack them up forever and have the

0:49:32.880 --> 0:49:36.360
<v Speaker 1>company paid for him, I guess. And interestingly, the Monfort

0:49:36.400 --> 0:49:39.200
<v Speaker 1>family is now the principal owners of the Colorado Rockies

0:49:39.239 --> 0:49:42.239
<v Speaker 1>baseball team. That is very interesting, and that is from Kent.

0:49:42.760 --> 0:49:45.319
<v Speaker 2>Thanks a lot, Kent, good stuff all around. That was

0:49:45.600 --> 0:49:47.319
<v Speaker 2>the short stuff right there on the end of the

0:49:47.320 --> 0:49:51.080
<v Speaker 2>Franklin Expedition episode. Great if you want to be like,

0:49:51.200 --> 0:49:52.040
<v Speaker 2>what was it, Kent?

0:49:52.719 --> 0:49:52.959
<v Speaker 1>Kent?

0:49:53.120 --> 0:49:54.759
<v Speaker 2>If you want to be like Kent and give us

0:49:54.800 --> 0:49:56.520
<v Speaker 2>a little short stuff that we can add on as

0:49:56.520 --> 0:49:58.640
<v Speaker 2>a listener mail. I think that's a cool new thing.

0:49:59.040 --> 0:50:02.000
<v Speaker 2>Let's give it a shot and you can send that

0:50:02.400 --> 0:50:09.200
<v Speaker 2>to Stuff Podcasts at iHeartRadio dot com. Stuff you Should

0:50:09.239 --> 0:50:10.839
<v Speaker 2>Know is a production of iHeartRadio.

0:50:11.320 --> 0:50:14.520
<v Speaker 1>For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app,

0:50:14.719 --> 0:50:17.640
<v Speaker 1>Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.