WEBVTT - How Maglev Trains Work 0:00:00.200 --> 0:00:04.760 Brought to you by the all new Toyota Corolla. Welcome 0:00:04.760 --> 0:00:14.280 to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works dot com. Hey, 0:00:14.360 --> 0:00:16.960 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark and there's 0:00:17.040 --> 0:00:26.279 Charles W. Chuck Chuckers Briant. Yeah, and this is is 0:00:26.320 --> 0:00:29.080 that where you're going with? Sure? Yeah, my bus right 0:00:29.160 --> 0:00:31.280 into CC writer all the style. How are they going 0:00:31.360 --> 0:00:36.680 with the Muppet? Oh? Yeah, it's time we put on makeup. Yeah? 0:00:37.760 --> 0:00:41.480 What was that somebody's giant stomach stuffed bike? What was that? 0:00:41.960 --> 0:00:47.000 That's weird? Yeah, that was crazy. That couldn't have been 0:00:47.080 --> 0:00:55.080 Jerry's stomach. There's no way. All right, what's what's your intro? Huh? Chuck? Yes, 0:00:55.720 --> 0:01:01.040 uh you remember our Magnet podcast. Yeah, I've personally thought 0:01:01.040 --> 0:01:05.120 it was a great episode because we explained how magnets work. Yeah, 0:01:05.120 --> 0:01:09.400 it was just good, tough but good. Yeah, it was tough, 0:01:09.400 --> 0:01:12.680 but it was also kind of um. It was one 0:01:12.680 --> 0:01:15.280 of those ones where you're like, oh, okay, that explains 0:01:15.319 --> 0:01:18.120 pretty much everything about magnets, the thing that I've used 0:01:18.160 --> 0:01:20.480 before in my life, and I just kind of took 0:01:20.520 --> 0:01:23.880 for granted some people think that their magic, but we 0:01:24.040 --> 0:01:26.480 kind of said, this is how they work. I liked it. 0:01:26.560 --> 0:01:32.760 So um, I liked this this um article in theory, 0:01:33.640 --> 0:01:35.120 the one we're about to do a show on. Yeah, 0:01:35.720 --> 0:01:38.920 about maglev trains. Yeah, we did a video on maglev trains. 0:01:38.920 --> 0:01:43.480 Remember that one of our one of our interstitial shorts 0:01:44.160 --> 0:01:50.320 was on magleft trains. Uh do we I remember doing 0:01:50.320 --> 0:01:56.280 the quantum levitation? Was that it? Yeah, because that's the 0:01:56.320 --> 0:01:58.400 only way I knew about any of this was the 0:01:58.400 --> 0:01:59.760 fact that we had talked about it before. Well what 0:01:59.800 --> 0:02:04.080 did we talk about, uh magleb you know the basic 0:02:04.120 --> 0:02:07.360 principle in one minute behind magnetic levitation. Well, that's pretty 0:02:07.440 --> 0:02:10.519 much what we're gonna do here, except slightly longer. Yeah. 0:02:10.639 --> 0:02:15.040 So that was my intro, but intro, and we should 0:02:15.040 --> 0:02:20.240 say also, um, everyone, it is next to impossible to 0:02:20.400 --> 0:02:24.359 get up to the minute, up to the year information 0:02:24.480 --> 0:02:30.400 about what maglev trains are in operation, what are still planned, 0:02:30.480 --> 0:02:33.960 what's still going on. So it is possible we may 0:02:34.320 --> 0:02:37.680 get that part a little incorrect, but we're going to 0:02:37.720 --> 0:02:40.480 try our best to be as accurate as possible. Yeah, 0:02:40.720 --> 0:02:44.200 And the reason why is because magnetic levitation to power 0:02:44.240 --> 0:02:47.840 a train so new. Well, it's actually not that new, 0:02:47.840 --> 0:02:49.400 because they've been doing it for a while and well, 0:02:49.880 --> 0:02:53.080 it was proposed ever since Tesla started noticing what was 0:02:53.120 --> 0:02:55.800 going on in the late nineteenth century. But it's so 0:02:55.880 --> 0:03:00.680 new in this regard as far as super fast speed 0:03:00.720 --> 0:03:06.880 trains powered by magnets transporting lots of people over distances, 0:03:06.880 --> 0:03:10.000 maybe great distances. That is so new, and there's so 0:03:10.240 --> 0:03:12.799 a few different technologies that it is kind of hard 0:03:12.800 --> 0:03:14.639 to keep track on which one is in the forefront, 0:03:15.240 --> 0:03:19.160 which ones are being funded because the stuff is expensive. 0:03:19.680 --> 0:03:21.840 It is, um, it's hard to get funding, especially here 0:03:21.840 --> 0:03:23.840 in the States. Yeah, and if you go on if 0:03:23.840 --> 0:03:26.480 you just type mag LEVI into Google or your favorite 0:03:26.520 --> 0:03:30.160 search engine, um or duck duck go if you're you know, 0:03:31.080 --> 0:03:33.880 kind of watching who's watching you? Oh? Is that like 0:03:33.880 --> 0:03:38.240 a secret? It's like an anonymous search engine? Okay? Um, 0:03:38.480 --> 0:03:42.200 you will find there's projects all over the United States, 0:03:42.360 --> 0:03:44.120 and all of them are like, we're shove already, we're 0:03:44.120 --> 0:03:46.560 ready to go. Just give us some money. And they're 0:03:46.560 --> 0:03:49.440 not getting any money because the construction costs are so 0:03:49.640 --> 0:03:54.080 enormous because with maglev trains you can't use existing railways. 0:03:54.640 --> 0:03:57.560 It's all new. And uh, I saw one quote and 0:03:57.880 --> 0:04:01.120 again who knows how recent this is, but fifty million 0:04:01.160 --> 0:04:03.960 euros per mile. I can believe this is what the 0:04:04.000 --> 0:04:08.560 German Consortium is quoting. The thing is is, once you 0:04:08.600 --> 0:04:12.840 get it built, maintenance is not bad, not bad at all, 0:04:12.880 --> 0:04:14.680 because there's not a lot of wear and tear on it. 0:04:14.720 --> 0:04:18.520 As you'll see um and if you do look into 0:04:18.520 --> 0:04:20.800 Maglav you will see that it is very much like 0:04:20.839 --> 0:04:26.680 the the transportation technology of the future that's going on today. Um, 0:04:26.839 --> 0:04:31.880 especially after looking into Elon Musk's um tube hyper loop thing. 0:04:33.160 --> 0:04:36.479 I heard of that. So basically Elon Musk, who is 0:04:36.600 --> 0:04:40.160 like our good friend, yeah, uh he super rich guy, right, 0:04:40.200 --> 0:04:42.640 he basically just jotted down this idea on a cocktail 0:04:42.760 --> 0:04:44.560 napkin and all of a sudden it's like the new thing. 0:04:45.240 --> 0:04:49.920 But um, it's a an enclosed tube system that just 0:04:50.279 --> 0:04:53.960 you put in a little car whatever that seats twelve 0:04:54.000 --> 0:04:57.440 people or something comfortably and you suck all the air 0:04:57.480 --> 0:05:01.440 out of it, no resist it, so you can go 0:05:01.839 --> 0:05:04.320 really fast. Basically I think it goes about seven miles 0:05:04.360 --> 0:05:07.000 an hour, a little under the speed of sound, so 0:05:07.040 --> 0:05:09.360 you can get from the west coast to the east 0:05:09.400 --> 0:05:12.720 coast or vice versa very very fast. The thing is 0:05:12.760 --> 0:05:19.279 the construction costs for this are just preposterous. But if 0:05:20.200 --> 0:05:22.479 it can come along or come down a little more, 0:05:22.720 --> 0:05:25.960 then it will give Maglev a run for its money. 0:05:26.000 --> 0:05:29.400 But if it, if Maglev can start to really kind 0:05:29.400 --> 0:05:32.720 of get some traction and get some lines going, it 0:05:32.760 --> 0:05:35.400 will be the the movement of the future for at 0:05:35.480 --> 0:05:39.679 least a decade or two. Yeah, I saw where they're 0:05:39.680 --> 0:05:43.680 proposing both in the future Maglev trains that operate inside 0:05:43.720 --> 0:05:47.680 vacuum tubes. Okay, as fast as two thousand miles an 0:05:47.720 --> 0:05:51.800 hour as crazy. Right now they're breaking records like an 0:05:51.800 --> 0:05:56.400 hour plus what's the fastest right now? The so apparently, 0:05:56.440 --> 0:05:59.520 and this is kind of mind boggling because Maglev as 0:05:59.600 --> 0:06:02.680 again we realized everybody, we haven't explained what maglev is 0:06:02.680 --> 0:06:08.760 we're talking here, but um, Maglev. The the great advantage 0:06:08.760 --> 0:06:12.000 it has is that it's supposedly goes faster than the 0:06:12.160 --> 0:06:16.599 normal steel wheel train apparently a TGV train, which is 0:06:16.600 --> 0:06:21.640 a steel wheel train. UM. In Europe, they they beat 0:06:21.839 --> 0:06:24.359 a Maglev land speed really that was held by the 0:06:24.480 --> 0:06:28.360 Japanese Maglev of about three hundred and fifty one mile 0:06:28.480 --> 0:06:30.680 an hour. I think it went like three sixty. Man, 0:06:30.720 --> 0:06:33.960 I don't know if i'd feel safe. Yeah, I can imagine. 0:06:34.080 --> 0:06:36.080 I was. I was reading a quote from a Maglev 0:06:36.240 --> 0:06:39.599 rider and they were saying, like, you can tell you're 0:06:39.600 --> 0:06:43.800 going really fast, like on the bullet train. You was 0:06:43.839 --> 0:06:45.880 gonna be so disappointed because she's taught me how to 0:06:45.920 --> 0:06:48.400 say it in Japanese so many times that I don't 0:06:48.440 --> 0:06:52.080 want to butcher. But the bullet train, it goes pretty fast, 0:06:52.560 --> 0:06:55.000 like hundred and fifty miles an hour or something, but 0:06:55.480 --> 0:06:58.480 it just looks like everything's a blur. You don't feel 0:06:58.520 --> 0:07:01.200 like you're going fast. Apparently in a Maglev it goes 0:07:01.240 --> 0:07:03.600 fast enough to wear like you feel like, holy cow, 0:07:03.920 --> 0:07:06.800 we're going three fifty miles an hour. Well, our very 0:07:06.880 --> 0:07:10.840 unparent company did a show World's Fastest Trains, and I 0:07:10.880 --> 0:07:14.240 watched the Maglev segment and the dude you know, was 0:07:14.280 --> 0:07:16.000 in the front room with the driver and they were like, 0:07:16.000 --> 0:07:17.880 all right, we're going three hundred miles an hour now, 0:07:18.280 --> 0:07:20.680 and it's hard to tell on the TV you know 0:07:21.640 --> 0:07:23.600 exactly how fast you're going because I looked and I 0:07:23.640 --> 0:07:25.360 was like, well, then, you know, it looks like about 0:07:25.360 --> 0:07:28.200 a hundred to me. But um, yeah, I think being 0:07:28.240 --> 0:07:30.040 on the train and I think the key to not 0:07:30.080 --> 0:07:33.120 feeling too weird is obviously you're not being shot out 0:07:33.120 --> 0:07:35.160 like a bullet. You're you're ramping up to that speed, 0:07:35.560 --> 0:07:37.680 so that helps. Plus if you dressed normally for your 0:07:37.720 --> 0:07:41.400 train ride, you'll feel less weird too. That's right. Um. Also, 0:07:41.480 --> 0:07:45.520 hold on one more thing, um, the we're talking very 0:07:45.600 --> 0:07:52.000 high speeds an that's the that's the speed record of 0:07:52.040 --> 0:07:55.840 a maglev. But they're averaging like to fifty or more, 0:07:56.520 --> 0:07:59.280 which means if you, if you get these things built, 0:07:59.600 --> 0:08:01.920 you're going to expand the range of where people can 0:08:02.000 --> 0:08:06.760 live and commute and go to work every day tremendously. Um. 0:08:06.840 --> 0:08:09.400 So there's a lot of value in creating these maglevs. 0:08:09.880 --> 0:08:13.440 Right are we there yet? Well, before we do that, 0:08:14.000 --> 0:08:16.160 let's just might as well do a message break now, huh. 0:08:16.240 --> 0:08:23.680 I think it's a good time, all right, So now 0:08:23.720 --> 0:08:29.600 can we get down to brass tacks. Let's okay. Um, 0:08:29.640 --> 0:08:31.720 this is kind of confusing because I read a paper 0:08:31.760 --> 0:08:35.800 in ight, I think where this guy was saying like 0:08:35.840 --> 0:08:38.920 there's a lot of people calling all these different technologies maglev. 0:08:39.640 --> 0:08:44.520 This is all very early stage proposal hadn't been proven yet, 0:08:45.040 --> 0:08:47.040 but he was saying there's at least seven different kinds 0:08:47.040 --> 0:08:49.880 of technology here that everyone's calling maglev that are different 0:08:50.000 --> 0:08:53.200 enough that it doesn't they're just different. But for the 0:08:53.240 --> 0:08:56.160 purposes of this podcast, we can get it with maglev, 0:08:56.480 --> 0:08:59.040 but we have to point out that there are some 0:08:59.120 --> 0:09:03.479 really different systems that are in use and being proposed 0:09:03.559 --> 0:09:05.480 right now, and a lot of them have to do 0:09:05.600 --> 0:09:10.160 with the suspension system. Yeah, I think what's going on now? 0:09:10.559 --> 0:09:16.160 There are three pretty much leading competing systems, right. Yeah, 0:09:16.200 --> 0:09:19.400 because we should say, chuck. A maglev train is a 0:09:19.400 --> 0:09:24.040 train that uses magnets to float above a track by 0:09:24.200 --> 0:09:27.079 either a half a centimeter too. I saw one that 0:09:27.200 --> 0:09:29.440 floats up to a foot off the track. That's a 0:09:29.440 --> 0:09:31.800 little scary. It seems a little scary, but apparently the 0:09:31.880 --> 0:09:34.720 higher you go, and that that high end of the range, 0:09:35.040 --> 0:09:38.840 the more stable it is. Yeah. But so the the 0:09:38.880 --> 0:09:42.800 train is literally not touching the tracks and it floats along. 0:09:42.880 --> 0:09:45.319 And the reason that's why it can go so fast 0:09:45.360 --> 0:09:48.680 is because there's no friction, no friction, The only resistance 0:09:48.760 --> 0:09:52.120 is air and they're super sleek of course, so even 0:09:52.120 --> 0:09:54.760 the error is cut down. Uh. So let's go. Let's 0:09:54.760 --> 0:09:58.080 go to Germany first, because they have a system, uh 0:09:59.040 --> 0:10:02.600 trans rapid it's called the actually company is called trans 0:10:02.679 --> 0:10:05.600 Rapid International. There's also a trans Rapid USA now I 0:10:05.600 --> 0:10:10.679 think us. That's right. Uh. And the German version is 0:10:10.800 --> 0:10:15.240 electro magnetic suspension. And the way that the guy on 0:10:15.280 --> 0:10:20.720 the Discovery Channel show described it was that electro magnets, Well, 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:24.800 when you use electromagnets, they're only um magnetize when there's 0:10:24.800 --> 0:10:29.360 a power source, when there's electricity running through exactly. So 0:10:29.400 --> 0:10:31.880 that's important to remember it is, and we'll point out 0:10:31.880 --> 0:10:35.800 why later, because in the German system, uh, the E 0:10:35.920 --> 0:10:39.600 M S system, it's all about attraction. It's not repelled 0:10:39.640 --> 0:10:43.040 magnets repelling each other. It's magnets that are attracted to 0:10:43.080 --> 0:10:47.240 each other. And the reason that they float is they're 0:10:47.240 --> 0:10:51.440 basically switching it on and off, pulsing the electromatic magnets 0:10:51.480 --> 0:10:57.640 so fast that it creates that hovering attraction. Okay, so 0:10:57.760 --> 0:11:02.680 that's the German version, so um okay. And apparently this 0:11:02.760 --> 0:11:05.640 German version, I think they do use repulsive magnets, but 0:11:05.720 --> 0:11:09.880 on the sides for the guidance magnets, so to make 0:11:09.920 --> 0:11:12.720 it hover, they're turning it on an awful lot. So 0:11:12.800 --> 0:11:15.080 it wants to stick, but no, but stick but no, 0:11:15.480 --> 0:11:17.040 and there's not a dude on the switch doing it 0:11:17.080 --> 0:11:21.800 really fast. It's right. They have computers handling it UM. 0:11:21.880 --> 0:11:24.679 And then so this is the the suspension system you're 0:11:24.679 --> 0:11:29.000 talking about, right, the electro magnetic suspension. And the word 0:11:29.040 --> 0:11:31.760 suspension is kind of easily overlooked, but in this case 0:11:31.800 --> 0:11:35.679 we're literally talking about how the train is suspended in 0:11:36.000 --> 0:11:39.679 mid air above the track in this case, and with 0:11:39.800 --> 0:11:43.320 the e M S it's about I think half a 0:11:43.360 --> 0:11:46.760 centimeter to a centimeter. It's it's very close to the 0:11:46.840 --> 0:11:50.040 to the track, and they use the electro magnets to 0:11:50.280 --> 0:11:53.880 attract and they use the guidance magnets, which are magnets 0:11:53.960 --> 0:11:58.360 installed on the side of the train UH that are 0:11:58.480 --> 0:12:02.000 along the side of the track to repel magnets along 0:12:02.040 --> 0:12:05.240 the side of the track to keep the train from 0:12:05.360 --> 0:12:10.240 bumping into the guide rails. But it requires a UH 0:12:10.880 --> 0:12:15.120 computer system to constantly make adjustments to the current that's 0:12:15.160 --> 0:12:19.880 going through these electro magnets to either um to either 0:12:19.920 --> 0:12:22.920 attract the train to make it float or to repel 0:12:22.960 --> 0:12:25.079 it from the sides to adjust it to make sure 0:12:25.080 --> 0:12:27.640 it never bumps into the rails or the track. Because 0:12:27.679 --> 0:12:30.960 if you're going three fifty miles an hour and your 0:12:31.000 --> 0:12:35.040 train scuffs the track, you're in big trouble or big trouble. 0:12:35.600 --> 0:12:38.840 One advantage of this, uh the German system, is that 0:12:39.360 --> 0:12:41.520 you only need the power on for the section of 0:12:41.520 --> 0:12:45.400 track that you're using at the time. So they literally 0:12:46.240 --> 0:12:49.560 will turn on a section of track, the train goes 0:12:49.600 --> 0:12:51.360 over it, and then they'll turn it back off. Right, 0:12:51.440 --> 0:12:55.320 So it's very like economically fuel will not fuel efficient 0:12:55.360 --> 0:12:58.439 because it's not fuel right, and that's the power efficient right, 0:12:58.520 --> 0:13:01.360 And it doesn't use fossil fuel in the sense that 0:13:01.480 --> 0:13:04.000 a normal train does, although if you go far enough 0:13:04.000 --> 0:13:06.800 down the line, that electricity has to come from somewhere, 0:13:06.800 --> 0:13:10.760 so ultimately it is coming from possibles. But the efficiency 0:13:11.000 --> 0:13:15.320 fuel efficiency is incredible compared to you know, a normal 0:13:15.880 --> 0:13:20.280 train that burns cossal fuels just to move God's shoveling 0:13:20.280 --> 0:13:23.280 coal into a fire. Yeah, yeah, I should say so. 0:13:23.679 --> 0:13:29.360 My understanding of the delivery of electricity to the track 0:13:29.520 --> 0:13:32.880 is the same for both suspension systems that you propel 0:13:33.000 --> 0:13:37.200 like that. So the whole track is made of electromagnets 0:13:37.320 --> 0:13:43.040 right from on both systems, and you're just sending electricity 0:13:43.080 --> 0:13:46.120 to the electromagnets that are immediately in front of and 0:13:46.120 --> 0:13:51.520 immediately behind the train immediately under. Yeah, because you need it. 0:13:51.559 --> 0:13:52.920 You need to float the train. Then you need to 0:13:52.960 --> 0:13:55.080 propel it right, and the way you're propelling it is 0:13:55.120 --> 0:13:57.960 the magnets that are just ahead of the train are 0:13:58.160 --> 0:14:01.720 going to be positive, and so that's going to attract 0:14:01.720 --> 0:14:04.559 the train, meaning it's gonna pull it forward. And then 0:14:04.600 --> 0:14:07.400 the the magnets behind it are gonna be charged so 0:14:07.480 --> 0:14:11.160 that they're negative and they're going to repel the train 0:14:11.559 --> 0:14:14.319 push it. So in the front, the magnets are pulling 0:14:14.320 --> 0:14:17.000 it in the in the back, the magnets are pushing it. 0:14:17.320 --> 0:14:20.720 And again, remember there's no friction here, it's just air. 0:14:21.480 --> 0:14:23.760 So it doesn't take a whole lot to make this 0:14:23.840 --> 0:14:27.280 train go really really fast just using magnets. Yeah, and 0:14:27.320 --> 0:14:32.280 they in two thousand two debuted commercially in Shanghai, China, 0:14:32.560 --> 0:14:37.080 a pretty short run transporting people um from airport to 0:14:37.120 --> 0:14:40.800 airport basically um at a speed it speeds over two 0:14:41.200 --> 0:14:44.120 fifty miles an hour. So I read that the journey 0:14:44.160 --> 0:14:45.960 the nineteen mile journey. Now it takes about seven and 0:14:45.960 --> 0:14:48.280 a half minutes as opposed to about an hour in 0:14:48.320 --> 0:14:52.480 a cab, and they were going to expand it, but 0:14:53.120 --> 0:14:57.000 that was halted in two thousand eight over radiation fears 0:14:57.560 --> 0:15:02.440 by people, And now it's being proposed as an underground system, 0:15:03.440 --> 0:15:06.280 like to go underground to halt those fears. But in 0:15:06.320 --> 0:15:09.200 two thousand and ten another high speed train in the 0:15:09.280 --> 0:15:13.720 area was a non maglev system opened, so they basically said, well, 0:15:13.760 --> 0:15:16.240 we probably won't do this. Uh, we probably won't extend 0:15:16.240 --> 0:15:18.680 the Shanghai line now. So yeah, I heard it's definitely 0:15:18.720 --> 0:15:21.520 on hold, but I didn't hear that they decided they 0:15:21.560 --> 0:15:25.880 weren't going to do it. Well, the regular bullet train 0:15:26.680 --> 0:15:28.800 popped up and they're like, well, now that we have that, 0:15:28.840 --> 0:15:31.720 I guess we don't need the maglev. Oh well, oh well, 0:15:32.120 --> 0:15:37.440 so Japan's got the other um big rival system. Uh 0:15:37.640 --> 0:15:40.160 So the propulsion systems are the same. You use magnets 0:15:40.240 --> 0:15:42.320 ahead of the train and behind the train to attract 0:15:42.360 --> 0:15:44.960 a repel it right to push it forward. I believe so, 0:15:44.960 --> 0:15:49.080 so um the suspension systems are what differ. In Germany 0:15:49.400 --> 0:15:53.400 you're using magnets to um repel it right, to attract 0:15:53.400 --> 0:15:56.600 it to attract it. In Japan you're using something called 0:15:56.640 --> 0:15:59.840 the Meisner effect. So basically, Chuck The Meisner effect is 0:16:00.200 --> 0:16:05.800 where you take a super cooled superconductor, right, I think 0:16:05.840 --> 0:16:10.120 like liquid helium temperature, which is very very cold, and 0:16:10.200 --> 0:16:13.440 you put it in a magnetic field. The magnetic field 0:16:13.840 --> 0:16:20.480 basically hugs it. It goes around it rather than through it. Okay, Um, 0:16:20.520 --> 0:16:25.160 So when you do that, the field actually levitates the thing. 0:16:26.400 --> 0:16:29.240 So if you take enough superconductors that are at the 0:16:29.320 --> 0:16:33.720 right temperature and you put them in the presence of 0:16:33.760 --> 0:16:38.040 a magnetic field whole bunch of magnets, say on a train, 0:16:38.960 --> 0:16:44.000 the the magnet will float, it will levitate, And that's 0:16:44.080 --> 0:16:49.360 the electrodynamics expension that the Japanese are using. So basically 0:16:49.400 --> 0:16:53.000 you have a tunnel, a magnetic field tunnel that these 0:16:53.000 --> 0:16:56.600 things are traveling through, which means that there they don't 0:16:56.760 --> 0:16:59.280 they don't need any extra magnets on the sides, or 0:16:59.320 --> 0:17:01.680 they don't need any on the bottom or extra magnets 0:17:01.720 --> 0:17:04.840 on the bottom. It's just going to stay put within 0:17:05.000 --> 0:17:08.680 this bent magnetic field that's warped to wrap around it. 0:17:09.200 --> 0:17:12.560 That's right. It's never going to drop and it's totally stable, 0:17:12.960 --> 0:17:15.840 which is the big that's a big advantage from what 0:17:15.880 --> 0:17:18.359 I understand of the Japanese system over the German system. 0:17:18.600 --> 0:17:22.359 The stability doesn't require a bunch of computers to constantly 0:17:22.400 --> 0:17:26.280 adjust it, and it is just inherently more stable because 0:17:26.680 --> 0:17:29.080 it's not just being held up from the bottom and 0:17:29.119 --> 0:17:31.560 then a little on the sides. It is wrapped in 0:17:31.640 --> 0:17:37.399 this basically blanket of an electro magnetic field UH. It 0:17:37.720 --> 0:17:41.680 can conduct power electricity even when the power is cut off, 0:17:41.680 --> 0:17:44.680 so that's a definite advantage UM. Although the German system 0:17:44.720 --> 0:17:47.040 does have like battery backups, it's not like if the 0:17:47.040 --> 0:17:49.560 power went off, the train would just go and stop. 0:17:50.720 --> 0:17:54.159 But the German one doesn't never doesn't need tires, and 0:17:54.160 --> 0:17:56.680 the Japanese one does, yeah, because it needs to ramp 0:17:56.760 --> 0:17:59.239 up to a certain speed in order to begin the 0:17:59.240 --> 0:18:02.080 float and just start immediately. What is it like eighty 0:18:02.080 --> 0:18:05.600 eight miles per hour. That's back to the future sixty two. 0:18:07.040 --> 0:18:09.639 And I think they use liquid nitrogen and it's just 0:18:09.800 --> 0:18:14.360 expensive to super cool these UH coils, and I think 0:18:14.359 --> 0:18:17.920 that's one of the drawbacks. But they're all expensive. They're 0:18:18.560 --> 0:18:20.760 none of this is they haven't figured out a cheap 0:18:20.800 --> 0:18:24.159 way to do any of this. Now, there's a proposed 0:18:24.200 --> 0:18:27.679 line um in Japan. It's already it's the one that 0:18:27.800 --> 0:18:32.240 set the uh that land speed record for maglev trains. 0:18:32.880 --> 0:18:37.320 It's the j R tok Um that's the railway company, 0:18:37.440 --> 0:18:41.560 the JRR Tolkien kind of close, but it's their line. Um, 0:18:41.760 --> 0:18:45.000 it's supposed supposedly is already in operation. I read somewhere 0:18:45.040 --> 0:18:47.880 that it's moved like a million people already. But they 0:18:47.880 --> 0:18:50.119 have a proposed line that they want to open by 0:18:51.000 --> 0:18:54.760 seven and it's from Tokyo to Nagoya, and then they 0:18:54.760 --> 0:19:00.280 want to extend that from Tokyo to Osaka. And they're 0:19:00.320 --> 0:19:03.800 talking like it's like a fifty billion dollar project and 0:19:03.800 --> 0:19:07.199 I think that's just the first line. That's Yeah, it 0:19:07.200 --> 0:19:09.600 sounds about right. But the reason that it probably will 0:19:09.640 --> 0:19:13.080 happen is they're they're um facing all of this on 0:19:13.240 --> 0:19:16.919 data showing that people are going to keep moving to 0:19:17.000 --> 0:19:20.000 Japan and Osaka, so they're going to have customers and 0:19:20.040 --> 0:19:22.280 they're not relying on any government money. They have so 0:19:22.359 --> 0:19:24.760 much money they're just going to fund it themselves. Is 0:19:24.800 --> 0:19:28.160 privately funded. Yeah. Yeah. Another con though of the Japanese 0:19:28.240 --> 0:19:30.480 version is that if you have a pacemaker, you don't 0:19:30.480 --> 0:19:34.080 want to get on that train because, um, that magnetic 0:19:34.119 --> 0:19:38.760 field will reek havoc and you probably won't live. It 0:19:38.760 --> 0:19:41.400 will shut you down. We'll shut you down. And then 0:19:41.400 --> 0:19:45.520 there's the in duct track and that is another type 0:19:45.520 --> 0:19:48.360 of E d S system, which is the Japanese system, 0:19:48.680 --> 0:19:52.439 except that they use room temperature magnets. And from what 0:19:52.480 --> 0:19:57.320 I could tell, this is as close to just the 0:19:57.680 --> 0:20:03.280 whole thing of magnets, regular magnets opposing each other, and 0:20:03.320 --> 0:20:06.240 they're just gonna use that, right, Yeah, Like it's as 0:20:06.240 --> 0:20:07.879 close do we get as you going out to the 0:20:07.920 --> 0:20:12.040 store and getting two magnets and putting their like poles 0:20:12.080 --> 0:20:14.919 against each other so that they repel. Yeah, there's actually 0:20:14.920 --> 0:20:17.520 something called the hull Bock array, which is a way 0:20:17.560 --> 0:20:20.679 to just line up the magnets UM in certain directions 0:20:20.680 --> 0:20:24.399 so that their poles are facing north, southeast or west. UM. 0:20:24.480 --> 0:20:27.800 And when you put them together in a clump, basically, 0:20:27.880 --> 0:20:34.760 the the magnetic field below the magnets doubles, the magnetic 0:20:34.800 --> 0:20:37.760 field on the top of the magnets cancels one another out, 0:20:38.359 --> 0:20:41.639 so you have your extra strong magnetic magnetic field that 0:20:41.680 --> 0:20:46.240 can produce this Misner effect basically um without this super 0:20:46.320 --> 0:20:49.920 cooled superconductor. Yeah, and these aren't even electro magnets. I 0:20:49.920 --> 0:20:52.160 don't think aren't they just magnets. I think they're permanent 0:20:52.280 --> 0:20:56.440 room temperature magnets. Is crazy. Yeah, there are three UM 0:20:56.600 --> 0:20:59.639 designs right now the in duct track one, two, and three. 0:21:00.400 --> 0:21:04.399 UM one is high speed, two is slow speed, and 0:21:04.520 --> 0:21:08.320 three is heavy load slow speed. Yeah, so I guess 0:21:08.359 --> 0:21:11.359 just freighting stuff back and forth. Yeah. They did this 0:21:11.400 --> 0:21:13.320 in London at one point, but then shut it down. 0:21:13.359 --> 0:21:16.280 Like in the eighties, they had a maglive train. Yeah, 0:21:16.400 --> 0:21:18.919 just a very slow moving like it might have been 0:21:18.960 --> 0:21:21.879 an airport type situation. And I looked up the one 0:21:21.880 --> 0:21:25.320 here in Atlanta, the new airport train. I thought it 0:21:25.359 --> 0:21:27.200 might have been maglev, but of course it's not. It's 0:21:27.240 --> 0:21:32.200 just wheels, just stupid wheels. UM. Although they had Atlanta 0:21:32.240 --> 0:21:34.879 have its day, Well, they have proposed one. Atlanta is 0:21:34.880 --> 0:21:37.720 one of the city's UM that's trying to get maglev 0:21:37.800 --> 0:21:41.920 going between Atlanta and Chattanooga. And there's one proposed between 0:21:42.040 --> 0:21:45.240 d C and Baltimore. One in Las Vegas, Yeah, La 0:21:45.240 --> 0:21:50.200 in Vegas UM, and I think one from Pittsburgh to someplace, 0:21:51.400 --> 0:21:54.360 but I'm not sure exactly where I saw that one too. 0:21:54.359 --> 0:21:58.399 I don't remember where it might have been d C Stittsburg, Philly, yeah, well, 0:21:58.400 --> 0:22:01.080 hold on, we're getting ahead of ourselves. Well, no, these 0:22:01.080 --> 0:22:03.359 are just proposals and and they're having a hard time 0:22:03.760 --> 0:22:05.680 getting the funding they need for any of these to 0:22:05.720 --> 0:22:10.680 really take off, right, because it's expensive, it is chuck, 0:22:10.720 --> 0:22:13.520 how about a how about a message break? Huh hey, 0:22:13.680 --> 0:22:23.239 let's do it alright. So, um, this whole idea of 0:22:23.280 --> 0:22:26.960 going three fifty miles an hour through space even without 0:22:27.080 --> 0:22:31.280 friction is um awesome, It is awesome. It can also 0:22:31.320 --> 0:22:34.840 be deadly. They've they've already been maglev accidents. Yeah, the 0:22:34.880 --> 0:22:38.200 one in Germany was a little distressing because in two 0:22:38.200 --> 0:22:40.879 thousand and six it crashed into a repair car that 0:22:41.040 --> 0:22:44.840 was accidentally left on the track. And this is a 0:22:44.840 --> 0:22:50.040 test too, so it's like everything should have been Yeah, 0:22:50.320 --> 0:22:52.040 like why do you leave a car on the track? Period? 0:22:52.320 --> 0:22:54.960 I don't know, I don't know. Uh So they actually 0:22:55.119 --> 0:22:57.359 people died in that one. The train was going at 0:22:57.400 --> 0:22:59.119 least a hundred and twenty miles an hour when it 0:22:59.200 --> 0:23:01.320 struck the car. We must have just been getting up 0:23:01.400 --> 0:23:04.520 to speed, I guess, yeah, but yeah, twenty nine people 0:23:04.560 --> 0:23:08.320 died on that one. There's another one in Shanghai on 0:23:08.400 --> 0:23:10.879 that line that is an operation. Yeah, that was just 0:23:10.920 --> 0:23:13.480 a fire though, and I don't want to make light 0:23:13.520 --> 0:23:15.880 of that, but it wasn't like a crash or an 0:23:15.880 --> 0:23:19.640 incident like that. Yeah, I'm just glad no one got 0:23:19.720 --> 0:23:22.439 hurt exactly. Uh. And this is breaking news, dude. This 0:23:22.560 --> 0:23:25.760 was in the paper today as we record it in 0:23:25.840 --> 0:23:30.560 real time. Okay. The Washington Post said that Northeast Maglev 0:23:30.760 --> 0:23:34.119 everyone's getting in on the mag Love game. Uh, because 0:23:34.320 --> 0:23:37.080 I mean, like, it really is a great idea. It's 0:23:37.119 --> 0:23:40.280 just really really expensive, but if you can get it 0:23:40.400 --> 0:23:43.960 up and running, it's awesome. I Mean I imagine in 0:23:44.440 --> 0:23:47.000 literally in a hundred years, there'll be a lot of 0:23:47.040 --> 0:23:51.040 this as major transportation, you know, but not we won't 0:23:51.040 --> 0:23:54.400 see it. But as of today, November four, Northeast mag 0:23:54.480 --> 0:23:59.639 Love is AH has raised fifty million dollars in private funds. 0:24:00.040 --> 0:24:02.960 They can build five inches of track with that exactly. 0:24:03.400 --> 0:24:06.200 And they're trying to get the Washington Baltimore lag going 0:24:06.240 --> 0:24:09.600 with private funding because the government's not pony any money 0:24:09.600 --> 0:24:11.760 for it. I think we'll see it in our lifetime. 0:24:12.160 --> 0:24:15.879 They think ten billion between d C and Baltimore, although 0:24:15.920 --> 0:24:18.920