Speaker 1: All zone media.
Speaker 2: It's's riot time when it could happen here. This is
Speaker 2: this is the podcast that you're listening to. It's about
Speaker 2: this is this one's kind of about bad things. This
Speaker 2: is this is about a bunch of riots in the past.
Speaker 2: I'm your host to be along with Vus James and
Speaker 2: Garrison Hello harming. So one of the kind of I
Speaker 2: don't know, the trends of twenty twenty four is everyone
Speaker 2: looking at this year and going this is nineteen sixty eight. Again,
Speaker 2: there's campus occupations or that are anti war protests. There
Speaker 2: is a Democratic National Convention that is expected to be
Speaker 2: extremely hot.
Speaker 3: And so one of one of the things that we are.
Speaker 2: Doing in the run up to the Democratic Convention is
Speaker 2: we are going to go do some episodes about nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty eight, and we are eventually going to do episodes
Speaker 2: about like the Columbia campus occupations and about the DNC.
Speaker 2: But unfortunately, in order to do that, we have to
Speaker 2: why I say, unfortunately, this is actually not unfortunately, this
Speaker 2: this mostly rules. I don't know, some of it's bad.
Speaker 2: But in order to talk about this and this is
Speaker 2: this is the part of this whole thing that has
Speaker 2: been completely forgotten right. You know, there's there's become this
Speaker 2: kind of like I don't know, state cult isn't quite
Speaker 2: the right word, but there's become this sort of like
Speaker 2: professional institutional history of nineteen sixty eight, where like all
Speaker 2: of these universities like proudly have banners from like nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty eight protests. Everyone has been like, you know, incredibly
Speaker 2: willing to embrace the legacy of the anti war movements
Speaker 2: and the Captus occupations, and you know, like insofar as
Speaker 2: they tell people not to embrace things, it's this stuff
Speaker 2: about like you know, you hear this constant screaming about
Speaker 2: don't repeat the sixty eight convention. But there's one part
Speaker 2: of this story that has is just gone, has been
Speaker 2: excised from the historical record. It is extremely clear that
Speaker 2: no one wants you to remember it whatsoever, and that
Speaker 2: is the Holy Week Uprising.
Speaker 3: Do you two know have you too heard of the
Speaker 3: Holy Week Uprising? Not before you started talking about it
Speaker 3: in our work meetings.
Speaker 4: I'm familiar with it. I've covered in US history Ghosroughs before.
Speaker 4: Not as that name. I think people might be more
Speaker 4: familiar with they be described the events.
Speaker 2: Yeah, So the other name for is the MLK riots,
Speaker 2: which is a week I mean, okay, so it's okay, yeah, yeah, okay, yeah,
Speaker 2: so okay, so and I should be clear about this. Okay,
Speaker 2: So there are there are really two things going on here.
Speaker 2: There is one the actually it's usually thought of it
Speaker 2: was about a week, but it's it's actually longer than that.
Speaker 2: There's like a couple of months of writing in various
Speaker 2: places over the sascination of MLK. The other thing that's
Speaker 2: going on here is a wave of urban rebellion. And
Speaker 2: when I say urban here, I'm not just talking about
Speaker 2: you know, like Watts or Detroit or Chicago, like these
Speaker 2: like giant urban cities, which is which is how you know,
Speaker 2: insofar as anyone ever talks about writing in this period
Speaker 2: is about these large urban centers. No, they are right
Speaker 2: in Milwaukee. The most intense fighting that we're going to
Speaker 2: talk about in this episode happens in York, Pennsylvania. In
Speaker 2: this period for about is about nineteen sixty three to
Speaker 2: roughly by nineteen seventy one seventy two was kind of over.
Speaker 2: There are a staggering number of urban uprisings. I'm going
Speaker 2: I'm going to read a quote from a book called
Speaker 2: the Great Uprising, which is about this sort of period.
Speaker 2: Between nineteen sixty three and nineteen seventy two, America experienced
Speaker 2: over seven hundred and fifty urban revolts. Upwards of five
Speaker 2: hundred and twenty five cities were affected, including nearly every
Speaker 2: one with a black population over fifty thousand. The two
Speaker 2: largest wave of uprisings came during the summer of nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty seven entry in Holy Week in nineteen sixty eight,
Speaker 2: following the assassination of Martin Luther King Junior. In these
Speaker 2: two years alone, one hundred and twenty five people were killed,
Speaker 2: nearly seven thousand were injured, approximately forty five thousand arrests
Speaker 2: were made, and property damage top one hundred and twenty
Speaker 2: seven million dollars or approximately nine hundred million and twenty
Speaker 2: seventeen dollars.
Speaker 4: If you can even stretch this out to like, can
Speaker 4: I just give you the Spain and I put on
Speaker 4: this in my history class, and then and then we
Speaker 4: can we can continue. Yeah, Okay. So the way I
Speaker 4: perceive this is the process of decolonization begins like in
Speaker 4: the colonies, and it comes back to the metropol right,
Speaker 4: and we see like this physical decolonization in places like Algeria, right,
Speaker 4: and then the impact of witnessing that returns to the
Speaker 4: metropol along with the theories that like, if you want
Speaker 4: to say they declonize the mind, I think that that's
Speaker 4: an acceptable way. And like this sort of struggle and
Speaker 4: even the esthetic, right, like the aesthetic of the Battle
Speaker 4: of algieas is present in some of these uprisings, like
Speaker 4: and then you can stretch it out to like, you know,
Speaker 4: I like to talk about Winded NYE, but the second
Speaker 4: occupation of Winded Nee in nineteen seventy three, I think
Speaker 4: you could also see that as part of this decolonization struggle.
Speaker 4: At least that's my uh, yeah, that's my angle on it.
Speaker 2: Yeah, And I think there's definitely a lot of like,
Speaker 2: I don't know, there's a lot of inspiration taken there.
Speaker 2: I think the way it's usually seen in the US
Speaker 2: is as this is the sort of I don't know,
Speaker 2: it's kind of as it's seen as is kind of
Speaker 2: this is where everything went off the rails after the
Speaker 2: Civil rights movement, which isn't what happens. Yeah, And the
Speaker 2: other way I think this is seen and this is
Speaker 2: I don't know, a lens that is kind of useful
Speaker 2: to talk about this, but kind of isn't is about
Speaker 2: the sort of quote unquote long nineteen sixty eight, So
Speaker 2: you know, we're gonna be covering a lot of nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty eight stuff on this show, you know, so like
Speaker 2: there's obviously this nineteen sixty eight in France. I think
Speaker 2: if you want to look at the origin point of
Speaker 2: the sort of like wave uprisings that are specifically nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty eight and that aren't sort of like the decolonization arc,
Speaker 2: I think it probably starts in China with the January
Speaker 2: Storm in nineteen sixty seven. But on the other hand,
Speaker 2: sort of and this is you know, one of the
Speaker 2: things about this period is everything is happening so much
Speaker 2: at the same time, right, Like we have a lot
Speaker 2: of experience about this, but like you know, as the
Speaker 2: January Storm, the January Storm is as part of the
Speaker 2: Culture Revolution where Mao kind of loses control and Mao
Speaker 2: kind of incites a bunch of these like a bunch
Speaker 2: of workers in Shanghai to like take the city. But
Speaker 2: then they actually take the city and they run the
Speaker 2: party out, they run the pla out, and for a
Speaker 2: brief period of time, Shanghai like has just been taken
Speaker 2: by its working class and is not being run by
Speaker 2: the party, and there's this whole, like you know, massive
Speaker 2: series of struggles and kind of struggles. But the thing
Speaker 2: that the think about the sort of the way succeed
Speaker 2: is understood is you know, even some people even include that,
Speaker 2: but these riots, specifically the Holy Week riots are almost
Speaker 2: never talked about as as part of this process, which
Speaker 2: I think they obviously are, and I think, you know,
Speaker 2: part of the reason that we're talking about them now
Speaker 2: is that you can't understand the Columbia campus occupations. You
Speaker 2: can't understand the kind of politics that's going to come
Speaker 2: after that, you can't understand the and see, you can't
Speaker 2: understand like the rise of black radicalism. Like none of
Speaker 2: this is comprehensible at all unless you understand these riots,
Speaker 2: because this was the uprising that sort of kicked everything off.
Speaker 2: It's also this is a very hard thing to write
Speaker 2: about because like this, I've had the time of my
Speaker 2: life trying to put this together because this thing should
Speaker 2: be like thirty five hours, and I don't have thirty
Speaker 2: five hours. I have thirty minutes. So that being said,
Speaker 2: let's get into why these are happening. So obviously there
Speaker 2: is the civil rights movement happening. You know, nineteen sixty
Speaker 2: five you get, you get the Voting Rights Act. We've
Speaker 2: had some civil rights acts. But comma, if you are
Speaker 2: like you are a part of the black working class
Speaker 2: in nineteen cities of America, a society is still unbelievably racist.
Speaker 2: Like they're like, you know, like on on a very
Speaker 2: basic level, there's a bunch of people walking around calling
Speaker 2: you the N word. You are restricted to the shittiest
Speaker 2: jobs available, assuming you can find work at all. One
Speaker 2: of the biggest ones. And this is something that this
Speaker 2: is something that was a very big focus of the
Speaker 2: kind of later civil rights umit that kind of has
Speaker 2: been a race for historical memory was struggle over housing.
Speaker 2: I'm going to read another thing from the Great Uprising
Speaker 2: SNCC field worker John Baptiste, who took over for Robinson
Speaker 2: and Hanson, described many of the homes in the Second War.
Speaker 2: This is in Cambridge, which is one of the places
Speaker 2: where those really intense rioting. Both we'll talk about this
Speaker 2: in a little bit, but both in sixty three and
Speaker 2: in sixty seven describe many of the homes in the
Speaker 2: Second Ward as nothing more than converted horse barns, corn cribs,
Speaker 2: and company shacks, which lacked hot, running water, flush toilets,
Speaker 2: and electricity. Separate and independent investigations by federal officials confirmed
Speaker 2: Betista's claims. We were shown block after block of tottering,
Speaker 2: single family frame structures, often lined along dirt roads and
Speaker 2: generally with little or no setback, which is like they're
Speaker 2: like directly on the street, right, you open your door
Speaker 2: and you're on the street, crowded almost against each other,
Speaker 2: and on small lots, sometimes of no more than fifty
Speaker 2: or sixty foot depth, reported one US Department of Housing
Speaker 2: and Urban Development official. These dwellings were obviously obsolete and
Speaker 2: in disrepair, with tumbling porches and steps. Many were without
Speaker 2: inside toilets, and in several instances, the outside privy served
Speaker 2: more than one family. Hot water is rarely available, and
Speaker 2: several are without inside water. Overcrowding is a common pattern.
Speaker 2: So you know, this is the kind of like this,
Speaker 2: this is one of the centers of these struggles. So
Speaker 2: these people are living in like nineteen thirties barns and this,
Speaker 2: you know, there is there was a sort of staggering
Speaker 2: amount of anger about this, and the other aspect of
Speaker 2: this is that you know, okay, so these people are
Speaker 2: living in like places that are not fit human habitation. Also,
Speaker 2: they are on average fifty six percent more of their
Speaker 2: income goes to rent than white than Why then white
Speaker 2: people paid a rent, which means that you know, and
Speaker 2: and this this is also one of the things that's
Speaker 2: happening in this period is that there's a bunch of
Speaker 2: money for like white people that the government is giving them,
Speaker 2: are giving people sort of loans and subsidies and tax
Speaker 2: credits to go buy houses. None of this is happening
Speaker 2: for black people. So what you have is a situation
Speaker 2: where like if you are black, basically all of your
Speaker 2: money is being absorbed into rents. There is no possibility
Speaker 2: of you like saving or you know, like saving to
Speaker 2: buy a house, like other than the sort of like
Speaker 2: ramshackle shit that you're in, Like the conventional civil rights movement,
Speaker 2: right you're sort of like non violent marches. This hasn't
Speaker 2: done shit to deal with any of these problems. You're
Speaker 2: also dealing with really really intense labor discrimination, you know,
Speaker 2: and I mean these are things like like there's this
Speaker 2: kind of like example in Baltimore where you know, you'll
Speaker 2: you'll you'll have union locals that are literally all white locals, right,
Speaker 2: and they will they will cut these deals with management
Speaker 2: where they will be like, well, management will hands like
Speaker 2: hiring and firing power over to the unions, and the
Speaker 2: unions go, oh great, okay, and this this is a
Speaker 2: negotiated thing between the two. The unions are like, okay,
Speaker 2: only unions can work at only union members can work
Speaker 2: at the shop, which in theory is good. But in
Speaker 2: practice what this means is because these are all white unions, right,
Speaker 2: they've they've now created a system by which you can,
Speaker 2: by which you can just not hire black people.
Speaker 1: Ever.
Speaker 4: Yeah, the Brianna wu method. Oh god, yeah, you know
Speaker 4: it's a reference to a terrible tweet I hopefy people
Speaker 4: haven't seen.
Speaker 3: Oh god. Yeah.
Speaker 2: And you know the other things that are sort of
Speaker 2: happening here, right, is so in theory desegregation is supposed
Speaker 2: to be happening. In practice, that shit is not happening.
Speaker 2: People are making people are doing these like you know,
Speaker 2: like white progressors are giving these speeches about how like, ah,
Speaker 2: segregation is like ending where we're like integrating quickly, and
Speaker 2: it's not happening, and all of this kind of you know,
Speaker 2: all of this sort of fuel and also and obviously
Speaker 2: the sort of immediate spark of a lot of a
Speaker 2: lot of these uprisings, So particularly in sixty seven, is
Speaker 2: that as as happens today, you know, you all statistically
Speaker 2: have lived I don't know why I was satistically, all
Speaker 2: of you have.
Speaker 3: Lived through this.
Speaker 2: All of you probably have been to at least one
Speaker 2: protest that is this is that the coptious murder people
Speaker 2: and all of this sets off a set of kindling
Speaker 2: and is going to lead to a simply staggering wave
Speaker 2: of uprisings.
Speaker 3: But first, do you know what I.
Speaker 2: Won't lead to us a simply staggering set of uprisings
Speaker 2: if you buy them.
Speaker 4: It's the production and consumption of created needs, as described
Speaker 4: by Herbert Mark Cuser.
Speaker 3: That's right, James, Yes, or more on that.
Speaker 4: Here's these ads.
Speaker 2: So we are back, all right, So let's start actually
Speaker 2: talking about some of these riots. Okay, So I've mentioned
Speaker 2: before that these riots are happening in a lot of
Speaker 2: places that are not like that are not typically considered.
Speaker 2: And we're actually not gonna talk sort of sunningly for
Speaker 2: thinking about this. We're not going to talk about the
Speaker 2: Watts Riots, which are probably the biggest and most famous
Speaker 2: of the riots in this period. We're not going to
Speaker 2: talk about Detroit either, even though that was another really
Speaker 2: big one, because you know, you you can go out
Speaker 2: and you can find a bunch of people kind of
Speaker 2: talking about these. We are going to start in Omaha.
Speaker 2: Where begin Yeah, Like but again, this this is something
Speaker 2: that's very important is that this is not just a
Speaker 2: sort of uprising of the urban ghettos, which is which
Speaker 2: is how it's like very explicit. This is literally the
Speaker 2: language that is used at this time to describe what's
Speaker 2: happening here. But like, no, this is happening in a
Speaker 2: bund Like again, Cincinnati and Omaha is interesting because it
Speaker 2: has one of the a very very common one of
Speaker 2: the other big sort of rallying points in this era
Speaker 2: is price gouging. So you know, if you're if you're
Speaker 2: in one of these like ninety nine percent black communities,
Speaker 2: like the one, like the one white person who is
Speaker 2: there is the shop owner. And the thing the shop
Speaker 2: owner is doing is the shop owner is gouging you
Speaker 2: for food because you don't you know, you don't have
Speaker 2: any other options to buy for you from, so they're
Speaker 2: going to gouge you, and they're going to give you
Speaker 2: like the worst products you can ever you've ever seen
Speaker 2: in your life. And so by many sixty six people
Speaker 2: are just fed up with this. There start there start
Speaker 2: to be sort of protests, like specifically at these white stores,
Speaker 2: there's a bunch of people, you know, throwing rocks.
Speaker 1: At the cops.
Speaker 3: Yeah, and so you know, so, I mean, okay.
Speaker 2: The other thing that's very important to understand about these
Speaker 2: places is that these riots don't just start out of nowhere, right.
Speaker 2: These are mostly places where there have been existing civil
Speaker 2: rights movements and they kind of just ran into a
Speaker 2: stone wall, you know. One of the big things in
Speaker 2: this period too, and this is something that like like
Speaker 2: you know, this is what MLK and the Poor People's
Speaker 2: Campaign was sort of working on at the same time,
Speaker 2: was you know, these these these demands for job programs,
Speaker 2: and so people are you know, marching round, they doing
Speaker 2: like pickets. Omaha, Like has a Malcolm X come speak
Speaker 2: at one point and he's talking about like, you know,
Speaker 2: like the youth these protests and people like marching outside
Speaker 2: of Safeway saying like we want jobs. And these protests
Speaker 2: start getting attacked by the police, and this is something
Speaker 2: that you know, this is something that that has been
Speaker 2: happening to these nonviolent sit ins. I'm going to read
Speaker 2: a passage from the book. Then the burnings began from there,
Speaker 2: Omaha police Wallace's quote unquote goon squad and spectators began
Speaker 2: to beat the protesters out of the auditorium using batons
Speaker 2: and metal folding chairs. Reeling from the attacks, African American
Speaker 2: youth retaliated in the streets. So like like they'll be
Speaker 2: in meetings with community with like like the mayor or whatever,
Speaker 2: and these fucking mobs will start just beating people with chairs.
Speaker 2: The goon squad, you say, yeah, God reminds me of
Speaker 2: the we've been running ads to free down at Peltier
Speaker 2: a week.
Speaker 4: But the guardians of the Agglala Nation, but like thet's
Speaker 4: literally call themselves the goons. I'm guessing the people, not
Speaker 4: the people participating in this particular beat. Non many such
Speaker 4: cases in this area.
Speaker 2: Yeah, and this gets to another aspect of these of
Speaker 2: these riots is that a lot of them aren't started
Speaker 2: by rioters. They're started by a bunch of like a
Speaker 2: white mob showing up and attacking people. And so you know,
Speaker 2: in Omaha. And this is something that we're going to
Speaker 2: see a lot. Uh. That is something that kind of
Speaker 2: doesn't happen as much now, is like they just the
Speaker 2: cops just fucking kill people the streets from protests are
Speaker 2: happening in Omaha. They like they just they murder a
Speaker 2: kid with a riot gun. And this, you know, this
Speaker 2: sets off like as sort of you know the patterns
Speaker 2: that Worshire visa seeing of like these sort of escalating riots.
Speaker 2: And this is a very kind of familiar riot, right,
Speaker 2: Like I think we've all we've all had the like, Okay,
Speaker 2: so the police attacked a bunch of people, so it caused.
Speaker 4: A riot kind of thing. Yeah, so now a riot starts.
Speaker 2: Yeah, And this is this is a relatively non violent riot,
Speaker 2: which is to say that people are mostly throwing stones
Speaker 2: and molotovs. That is absolutely not true of a huge
Speaker 2: amount of the rest of these riots, and particularly as
Speaker 2: we sort of get closer to Holy Week. Something that
Speaker 2: is very important about the sixty eight riots that is
Speaker 2: not true about any riots that we've ever lived through
Speaker 2: is that not only are people extremely well armed, they
Speaker 2: are the state's monopoly on violence in nineteen sixty eight
Speaker 2: is nowhere near as powerful as it is now. People
Speaker 2: will just fucking shoot. And one of the constant things
Speaker 2: you read about when you're reading about these riots is
Speaker 2: that is, you know, every police account has police like
Speaker 2: screaming about snipers, and like I didn't believe this, right,
Speaker 2: because I was reading this, I was like, Okay, whatever
Speaker 2: other police, right, they talk about snipers all the time.
Speaker 2: You see this in radical accounts too, where people will
Speaker 2: talk about like, well, yeah, like the National Guard and
Speaker 2: Watts will be talking about how they're taking sniper fires
Speaker 2: so they'll start shooting machine guns and like the rus
Speaker 2: of build at buildings.
Speaker 3: Right, But.
Speaker 2: Like this was real, people actually were like doing this,
Speaker 2: and you know I was, I was really sort of
Speaker 2: like like on the on the fence about this, like
Speaker 2: what's this actually happening? And then the next thing I
Speaker 2: read was an interview with a guy who'd been a
Speaker 2: black nationalist and starts talking about how they they were
Speaker 2: using all of their dynamite stores and how they didn't
Speaker 2: have fuses for the dynamites so they had to like
Speaker 2: they had to plant the dynamite and then retreat across
Speaker 2: the sheet to shoot at the dynamite.
Speaker 3: So the dynamite would go off.
Speaker 4: That sounds like a fun exercise.
Speaker 3: Yeah, it was.
Speaker 2: It was nuts. It was like the kind of stuff
Speaker 2: these people were doing is sort of just really it's
Speaker 2: really staggering.
Speaker 4: Like you say, the state just didn't have that same
Speaker 4: monopoly on violence like that there was. It didn't have
Speaker 4: the overwhelmed cops, didn't have like the overwhelming force that
Speaker 4: they do now, that they didn't possess tanks, and like
Speaker 4: it was a lot harder to trace gun purchases in
Speaker 4: nineteen sixties because not everyone used credit cards. So it
Speaker 4: made it a whole lot easier for folks to have
Speaker 4: and keep guns.
Speaker 3: Yeah.
Speaker 2: Well the other thing is, like, you know, this is
Speaker 2: something that that in some of the this is something
Speaker 2: that played into some of the NAACP like chapters in
Speaker 2: the South that were the sort of like black working
Speaker 2: class chapters. Is that like so if you were if
Speaker 2: you were an NRA chapter, you could just buy at
Speaker 2: a really cheap bulk rate like surplus M one garrens
Speaker 2: from the US Army and AMMO, and they would just
Speaker 2: sell it to you.
Speaker 4: Yeah, you can still buy them at a pretty cheap
Speaker 4: rate through the CMP. Yeah.
Speaker 2: Yeah, but you could buy like like really large quantities
Speaker 2: of them as long as you were sort of like,
Speaker 2: you know, there was this kind of like popular like
Speaker 2: popular like gun marksman culture that we don't like we
Speaker 2: have been in, like our gun culture is kind of insane,
Speaker 2: and this was like a very different thing from there.
Speaker 4: Yeah, definitely, And you had like like Rob Williams was
Speaker 4: the the are you failure with Rob Williams? Yeah, yeah,
Speaker 4: he wrote a book called Negros with Guns. He was
Speaker 4: the he was the leader of the NRA chapter right
Speaker 4: in Monroe. But then yeah, also a member of the NAACP, which,
Speaker 4: like the NRA has has has pivoted a long way
Speaker 4: from what it was.
Speaker 2: Yeah. Yeah, Well, in part of what's happening here is
Speaker 2: people are just kind of like picking up whatever institution
Speaker 2: they have and using it to.
Speaker 3: Like build a movement a tool.
Speaker 4: Yeah.
Speaker 2: Yeah, So all right, we're gonna we're gonna move on
Speaker 2: from Omaha and Cincinnati, like you know, so we're we're
Speaker 2: we're gonna start talking about some of the I guess
Speaker 2: you'd call like the uprising proper. So I guess before
Speaker 2: we fully head into this, it should be noted that
Speaker 2: there's it's generally you know, I talked about this before.
Speaker 2: There's generally the way these riots are understood is as
Speaker 2: a thing that is discontinuous from the civil rights movement,
Speaker 2: and that's just not true. A lot of the civil
Speaker 2: rights movement, like things that people now think of as
Speaker 2: like non violent campaigns, weren't like a lot of the
Speaker 2: stuff in uh oh my fucking Like a lot of
Speaker 2: a lot of the fights in Louisiana like are just
Speaker 2: straight up riots.
Speaker 1: Yeah.
Speaker 2: And one of the important sort of bridge figures here
Speaker 2: is Gloria Richardson, who's I wish we could do like
Speaker 2: an entire episode about her right now, but that'll have
Speaker 2: to wait till later. She is, she's a civil rights
Speaker 2: activist in Cambridge and her movement, and it's like, you know,
Speaker 2: like she is in a lot of ways that like
Speaker 2: kind of dedicated non violence, but she's very explicit that
Speaker 2: we're going to do armed self defense and a lot
Speaker 2: of the stuff that she leaves, I mean, this is
Speaker 2: you know, getting back to like nineteen sixty three. Like
Speaker 2: the civil rights stuff that she's doing is extremely effective
Speaker 2: and a lot of it is just straight up riots,
Speaker 2: to the point where like there's a very famous thing
Speaker 2: for the civil rights era are called the Treaty of Cambridge,
Speaker 2: where like she and her people agreed to like stop
Speaker 2: rioting and the city agreed to completely integrate. But by
Speaker 2: the time he gets to nineteen sixty seven, they haven't
Speaker 2: done it. And so the riots started off in Cambridge again.
Speaker 2: And you have this incredibly sort of hot like summer.
Speaker 2: Over the course of ninety sixty seven, there's this like
Speaker 2: enormous wave of riots and you know, a Cambridge's famous one,
Speaker 2: but like Detroit's another big one. And this, I don't know,
Speaker 2: this should have given people warning that there there would be,
Speaker 2: you know, giant uprisings if anyone did anything to MLKA,
Speaker 2: but apparently it didn't. And you know, I, you know
Speaker 2: what else I won't I don't know, set off have
Speaker 2: already used the you know what else won't set off
Speaker 2: massive waves of uprisings pivot. I really didn't prepare good
Speaker 2: enough pivots for this.
Speaker 4: What weren't assassinated civil rights leader.
Speaker 2: We can't promise that, We really cannot promise them. Now.
Speaker 3: Companies would never do anything like that. That's what he
Speaker 3: is talking about, Dave.
Speaker 4: Certainly not the mail kit delivery Savice that we can't
Speaker 4: mentioned by.
Speaker 3: Name, all right, we are back. So all right, it is.
Speaker 2: Now officially timed for Holy so on April fourth, nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty eight, MLK is giving is you know, like he
Speaker 2: is preparing to support a bunch of striking sanitation workers
Speaker 2: and they fucking kill him. Who the they is is
Speaker 2: kind of unclear. Mlka's family later sued the US government
Speaker 2: to make the government prove that they didn't have they
Speaker 2: weren't involved in the assassination. The government paid them one
Speaker 2: dollar instead, So you know, make of that what you will.
Speaker 2: But what did happen is that you know, he was
Speaker 2: he was killed by white people. And this this detonates
Speaker 2: a fucking nuclear weapon in the US, you know, reading accounts,
Speaker 2: to me, it reminds me of the first week of
Speaker 2: the George Floyd uprisings in twenty two And I want
Speaker 2: people remember this. There's this picture of this guy in
Speaker 2: Philly with an Almo like we wearing like an Elmo
Speaker 2: like head, and he has his fist rays and he's
Speaker 2: standing in front of a bunch of things of fire
Speaker 2: like this. This is what this is what that looks like.
Speaker 2: I'm going to read a quote from one of the
Speaker 2: people who was people who was there. I mean I
Speaker 2: was sad when I first heard the news of King's death,
Speaker 2: but not but not like the world around me. The
Speaker 2: city was burning and I'm walking through the city and
Speaker 2: the city is burning, and that's what we wanted.
Speaker 3: This was our time. I mean, fire all around my house.
Speaker 2: I mean my house almost got caught on fire when
Speaker 2: I was living because Seventh Street, the whole block was burning,
Speaker 2: and it was just we thought we were in a
Speaker 2: war again.
Speaker 3: Simple. Simple.
Speaker 2: One of the interesting parts about this is that a
Speaker 2: lot of civil rights leaders, and this is not just
Speaker 2: true of like obviously the moderate civil rights leaders are
Speaker 2: trying to tell people not to riot, but even like
Speaker 2: Stokesly Carmichael like comes out to the crowd and tries
Speaker 2: to go like, please don't like, don't riot, don't do this,
Speaker 2: and the crowd.
Speaker 3: Basically tells him to fuck off and does it.
Speaker 2: Anyways, And the fact that they killed Mlka, who was
Speaker 2: you know, Mlka was, I mean, like, even at that time,
Speaker 2: like the sort of living human symbol of nonviolence, right,
Speaker 2: but he was also the symbol of sort of cooperation,
Speaker 2: of this belief that you know, you could you could
Speaker 2: do sort of peaceful that you do, peaceful integration. This
Speaker 2: is something that MLK is kind of like even he's
Speaker 2: kind of getting cynical about by by sixty eight. But
Speaker 2: the fact that they killed him, it it is, it
Speaker 2: is a kind of psychological blow that I don't think
Speaker 2: we've ever experienced. Like maybe maybe if you took like,
Speaker 2: if you took like Trump's election, like at the same
Speaker 2: time as a twenty twenty uprising, that like maybe maybe
Speaker 2: kind of captures what people are feeling in this moment.
Speaker 2: And I want to read another account. I want to
Speaker 2: read an account that's it's it's it's sort of secondhand
Speaker 2: account by this priest. It's like a Catholic priest in
Speaker 2: a largely black area. This is from the Great Uprising.
Speaker 2: Yet other observers saw the uprising as a clear protest
Speaker 2: against the persistence of racial inequality. Father Richard Lawrence, an
Speaker 2: activist priest whose Catholic parish served many blacks, recalled encountering
Speaker 2: one of his parishioners on the street after the revolt
Speaker 2: had begun. Father, you don't understand. I know you've been
Speaker 2: with the demonstrations and all that sort of thing, the
Speaker 2: parishioner explained to Lawrence, But you were born white and
Speaker 2: you can't really totally understand. I mean, I've done the
Speaker 2: civil rights thing too, you know it. I've been there.
Speaker 2: I've been to the marches, I've been to the rallies,
Speaker 2: you name it. Nobody's listening. His parishioner continued, murdering doctor
Speaker 2: King was just the last straw that nobody's listening. We
Speaker 2: can go on demonstrating as long as we want, no
Speaker 2: one will listen. I don't know what to try next,
Speaker 2: but maybe blood flowing in the streets is what it takes.
Speaker 2: Maybe some of his blood with some of my blood
Speaker 2: flows in the streets, then maybe the man will listen.
Speaker 2: Maybe not, but I've got nothing left to try. I
Speaker 2: don't care if I got killed. I've got two kids
Speaker 2: and I'm not going to have them come up in
Speaker 2: the world. I came up up and I'm just not
Speaker 2: going to have it. And this is I think a
Speaker 2: really important part of these riots is that these are
Speaker 2: people who had fought, who had fought for a decade
Speaker 2: over it. I mean, there's this point, it's about a
Speaker 2: decade and a half of struggle. They've done everything. They've
Speaker 2: done strikes, they've done boycotts, they've done sit ins, they've voted,
Speaker 2: they got the right to vote, right, they march, they
Speaker 2: did civil disobedience, and you know the product of this
Speaker 2: is that they're living in a dilapidated house with a
Speaker 2: shitty job, and then they fucking killed MLK and the
Speaker 2: country burns. The National Guard straight up is there are
Speaker 2: there are there are like there are just straight up
Speaker 2: military occupations in an enormous number of cities. DC is
Speaker 2: occupied by like the five hundred and third Military Police Battalion,
Speaker 2: the National Guard, and famously the eighty second Airborne. So
Speaker 2: like the regular US army is being sent into to
Speaker 2: like to like is being sent into these cities. The
Speaker 2: level of sort of burning here too. And this is
Speaker 2: the thing that's I think kind of the most famous
Speaker 2: part of these riots is they burn staggering parts of cities.
Speaker 2: There are I mean, just like unbelievable numbers of buildings
Speaker 2: are burned, and people people sort of people, people go
Speaker 2: out to fight. People are people are shooting at the police,
Speaker 2: the police are shooting back at them. I mean, there's
Speaker 2: I wasn't to find the footage one of my friends
Speaker 2: was telling me about, like there's there's footage from newspeople
Speaker 2: in New York. I like a guy shooting out side
Speaker 2: of a window, and they have footage of like a
Speaker 2: police like swat team. Basically I think it's like still
Speaker 2: pre swap, like a police like team coming in just
Speaker 2: killing him. And you know, I mean Richard M. Daley
Speaker 2: famously that has a who's the mayor of Chicago, has
Speaker 2: a shoot to kill order. You know, his his words are,
Speaker 2: quote shoot to kill any arsonists or anyone with a
Speaker 2: Molotov cocktail, and quote shoot to cripple or maim anyone
Speaker 2: looting any stores in our city. Jesus, It's really fucking bad.
Speaker 2: And you know, this is something that's that's about about
Speaker 2: these these riots, right Like, Okay, if if you look
Speaker 2: at even the Watch riot, or if you look at
Speaker 2: twenty twenty, if you look at like twenty fourteen, like
Speaker 2: the Baltimore uprising in twenty fifteen, there are like people
Speaker 2: having a good time. Like this is always the thing
Speaker 2: in riots. There's always like someone who's like having a
Speaker 2: great time. Fucking no one. I read like dozens and
Speaker 2: and dozens of interviews of people from people from the
Speaker 2: Holy Week up pressing every single person involved in this
Speaker 2: is having the absolute worst time of their lives. That's
Speaker 2: like on every single side, right that everyone is fucking miserable,
Speaker 2: and you know, but but part part of what's happening
Speaker 2: here too is these are these these uprisings are also
Speaker 2: about Vietnam because you know, a lot of these people
Speaker 2: either have been sent to Vietnam or like their families
Speaker 2: have been sent to Vietnam. Black people are dying at
Speaker 2: an unbelievable rate in Vietnam, and these people come back
Speaker 2: and they're like, well, we're gonna fucking die anyway, So
Speaker 2: I rather die. I'd rather go out fighting the cops than,
Speaker 2: you know, than than dying in Vietnam. And also, you
Speaker 2: know what I've been talking a lot about kind of
Speaker 2: like the stipers in the windows, but one of the
Speaker 2: most common ways people get killed, well, okay, probably the
Speaker 2: most common ways they get trapped into burning building, which
Speaker 2: is terrible. But one of the other really common ways
Speaker 2: is that these are these are gun fights. You know,
Speaker 2: we kind of saw this in twenty twenty. There's a
Speaker 2: bunch there are like white store owners are like popping
Speaker 2: out of their businesses to take pot shots at a protesters,
Speaker 2: and like they're they're you know, one of the people
Speaker 2: that they interviewed was a guy who had been like
Speaker 2: walking past a store and the guy had pulled out
Speaker 2: a gun and shot him, and he had he had
Speaker 2: managed shop, but the guy next to him got shopped,
Speaker 2: so if he took out a molotov and like burned
Speaker 2: the store down. And this is a lot of the
Speaker 2: kind of dynamics of this, right are, Like it's not
Speaker 2: just that people are furious. It's not just the people
Speaker 2: sort of you know, like people want this world to burn.
Speaker 2: It's that like they are very directly responding to the
Speaker 2: fact that the like white people also fucking lose their
Speaker 2: minds when this starts happening, and you you get this
Speaker 2: degree of sort of of urban conflict that kind of
Speaker 2: you know, we don't really have this now, no, he yeah,
Speaker 2: Like like even even our riots are like largely nonviolent,
Speaker 2: like people don't shoot it out with the cops or
Speaker 2: each other in the same way that like, you know,
Speaker 2: like like it happens sometimes like this is happening fucking
Speaker 2: all over the country. Like this is happening in like
Speaker 2: like like you know, like like fucking small ass cities
Speaker 2: in the Midwest. There are people getting in gunfights, right,
Speaker 2: you know, And so eventually.
Speaker 4: So okay.
Speaker 2: So the other very important thing about this that is
Speaker 2: that's really interesting and not marked upon very much is
Speaker 2: that Okay, so like obviously the police in Chicago go
Speaker 2: fucking feral, right, the National Guard commanders come in and
Speaker 2: like the General of the National Guard goes, okay, you motherfuckers,
Speaker 2: you're gonna kill someone. None of you are allowed to
Speaker 2: have loaded weapons. You're allowed to have loaded weapons. And
Speaker 2: I mean these guys, I'll say, like they have bayonets
Speaker 2: on their rifles.
Speaker 4: This used to be a thing, like they used bayonets
Speaker 4: as a form of like like a less special weapon.
Speaker 2: They just fucking stab you with a beta and know
Speaker 2: they their baynatural order to be covered. And because of this,
Speaker 2: the Guard doesn't actually kill anyone tan this dream the
Speaker 2: sixty eight rides, unlike the sixty seven rides where they
Speaker 2: fucking were a bunch of people. And this was a
Speaker 2: really smart decision by the National Guard people because if
Speaker 2: they had started actually shooting into these crowds like this
Speaker 2: wouldn't have been one week of really intense rioting that
Speaker 2: ends with the civil rights sack, which we'll talk about, well,
Speaker 2: it doesn't end with the civil right sack, but like,
Speaker 2: you know, it could have sort of gets that this
Speaker 2: would have been like apocalyptic on a scale that I
Speaker 2: don't think anyone kind of like has the capacity to imagine.
Speaker 2: But instead they kind of, you know, there's really intense riots,
Speaker 2: they kind of they kind of wind.
Speaker 3: Down over the course of a couple of months.
Speaker 2: And like they kind of they wind down faster in
Speaker 2: a lot of ways than twenty twenty did.
Speaker 3: But on the other hand, that is not the end
Speaker 3: of these riots.
Speaker 2: And the thing I want to close this episode on
Speaker 2: while we're going to talk about I feel okay, let's
Speaker 2: talk about the Civil Rights Ack first, because it is
Speaker 2: a very very weird piece of legislation. So, like five
Speaker 2: days in now seven a weekend to the riots, Congress
Speaker 2: passes the Civil Rights Act of nineteen sixty eight. And
Speaker 2: this is a very very weird piece of legislation. I mean,
Speaker 2: it's obviously this is something that's been like frantically like
Speaker 2: scrambled out because like this, you know, the like there
Speaker 2: are just straight up armed uprisings in a huge portion
Speaker 2: of the United States, and Congress's responses, so they passed
Speaker 2: the Fair Housing Act. That's like that's probably the most
Speaker 2: famous part of this bill.
Speaker 3: It is very I mean it it has done.
Speaker 2: It's not like a perfect piece of legislation, but it
Speaker 2: has done a staggering amount of good, right, and it
Speaker 2: is in some sense a direct answer to the protesters demands, right,
Speaker 2: like it does improve discrimination of sort of housing. But
Speaker 2: it's also okay, there's a bunch of stuff about the
Speaker 2: Bill of Rights applying to Indigenous people that is good,
Speaker 2: but we'll cover that. I don't know, maybe if we
Speaker 2: do an aim occupation episode about that more later.
Speaker 3: That's kind of.
Speaker 2: Outside the scope of this one. But the other part
Speaker 2: of it is this absolutely deranged like conspiracy thing about
Speaker 2: like because like the so the line you know the
Speaker 2: line here as it wasn't twenty twenty. So this is
Speaker 2: all being caused by outside agitators. So part of this
Speaker 2: thing is what's known as the Riot Act, which is
Speaker 2: it bans like quote travel and interstate commerce with the
Speaker 2: intent to incite, promote, engage, to participate in or carry
Speaker 2: out a riot. It's not used very much, but this
Speaker 2: is like straight up a conspiracy theory. Right, So it's
Speaker 2: a conspiracy theory about what happened in the nineteen sixty
Speaker 2: seven uprising in Cambridge. So like that that uprising, Like
Speaker 2: that's the thing that produced Spireau Agnew, who was like
Speaker 2: Nixon's deranged VP, who Nixon picked to be so deranged
Speaker 2: that no one would assassinate him becausessassinating him will put
Speaker 2: spuiau Agnue in charge, like Agnew had been like a limp,
Speaker 2: like he'd been a liberal Republican. But then there were
Speaker 2: these riots in Cambridge sixty eight in sixty seven, and
Speaker 2: the narrative that comes out of it is what happened
Speaker 2: was a black power leader named h. H Rat Brown
Speaker 2: came in and gave a speech and then there was
Speaker 2: like riots, right, and this is this is the standard
Speaker 2: line for like seventy years. What actually happened was that
Speaker 2: he gave you know, Rap gives it Rep Brown age.
Speaker 2: Rep Brown gives a very militant speech, right, Like he
Speaker 2: does give a speech telling people to burn a school down,
Speaker 2: like he's saying you need to like five people. But
Speaker 2: then everyone just goes home, as h Rap Brown is is,
Speaker 2: you know, they're like dispersing this young woman asked to
Speaker 2: be escort at home just and get beat up by
Speaker 2: the police, and so Hrap Brown thirty people are like okay,
Speaker 2: and so they try to go home and the police
Speaker 2: walk up to them and start shooting them with shotguns.
Speaker 3: H Rap, Brown gets hit by a sucking drackgun blast
Speaker 3: and that that is the book.
Speaker 2: It was after that that the rioting started, right, So, yeah,
Speaker 2: so that's what actually happened.
Speaker 3: But but the memory of it is that it was like, oh,
Speaker 3: like these these like these.
Speaker 2: Black nationalists came in and they started this riot, and
Speaker 2: like this literal is now law in the US, and
Speaker 2: this is this is very famously. At the end of
Speaker 2: this episode, we're going to talk about who this was
Speaker 2: used against. But before wanting to do that, I need
Speaker 2: to make it clear that these riots don't end in
Speaker 2: sixty eight, right, And in fact, I think the one
Speaker 2: that is the most intensive these is York in New
Speaker 2: York or Pennsylvania, which I promise you the beginning of
Speaker 2: this episode we were going to do, and that is
Speaker 2: in nineteen sixty nine. Because again, like the conditions that
Speaker 2: cause these erb and uprisings like haven't changed. So you know,
Speaker 2: like the the immediate flames of sort of like of
Speaker 2: the Holy Week uprising, like of this rebellion by MLK
Speaker 2: sort of you know eventually trickle out, but there's just
Speaker 2: more of them.
Speaker 3: So this this is another one one of.
Speaker 2: The things you come across when you research this is
Speaker 2: that like every single the conventional like accepted public narrative,
Speaker 2: but why these started, they're all wrong this one. So
Speaker 2: it's generally attributed to this black kid lying but being
Speaker 2: set on fire and like that did happen, but this
Speaker 2: kid's like fourteen, right, But what actually happened was that
Speaker 2: there were two black guys talking to a black police officer,
Speaker 2: and two members of this like white power white supremacist
Speaker 2: street gang like walked up and shot them both. And
Speaker 2: this kicks off a series of shootings, brickings, and fistfights
Speaker 2: between black and white people like all over the city.
Speaker 2: And this is a kind of this is also the
Speaker 2: other kind of right in this period, and like we
Speaker 2: don't really have this anymore like there, but you know
Speaker 2: there are places where just effectively straight up race wars start. Well,
Speaker 2: you know one of the things happens here, This happens
Speaker 2: in a lot of cities. They'll just be like a
Speaker 2: bunch of white people in a van driving around shooting
Speaker 2: at people out their windows, and we sort you know,
Speaker 2: the like this happened in Portland, right, but it was
Speaker 2: like they were shooting paintballs. These guys are just shooting
Speaker 2: actual guns, like out their windows any black people they
Speaker 2: see on the street. Right, There's there's a crowd of
Speaker 2: like eventually like protest start like this, this crowd of
Speaker 2: like pretty well armed black people and this, uh and
Speaker 2: and and like a line of cops are facing each other,
Speaker 2: and you know this is one of these There's two
Speaker 2: sides to the story. The cops claim that the crowd
Speaker 2: just started shooting at them, Like everyone in the crowd
Speaker 2: claims that the cops shot at them first and they
Speaker 2: started shooting back. And so there's just this fucking shootout
Speaker 2: between the cops and this this giant crowd. There are
Speaker 2: like there are reports of cops like just set up
Speaker 2: on the rooftop of a factory just shooting everyone they
Speaker 2: can find, like white gangs or firebombing black houses. One
Speaker 2: of the I don't know, like and it's that like
Speaker 2: should be infamous, but like I've never fucking seen talked
Speaker 2: about anywhere is a fucking police armored truck. There's a
Speaker 2: bunch people who have come out to their lawn to
Speaker 2: figure out what the fuck is going on, and the
Speaker 2: police armored truck rolls up and just start shooting them,
Speaker 2: and so, you know, people and people start shooting back,
Speaker 2: and there's a bunch.
Speaker 3: Of like like people.
Speaker 2: People eventually get sort of tried for this, and one
Speaker 2: of the you know, one of the things people talk
Speaker 2: about it is like, yeah, there's like twenty guys in
Speaker 2: their houses like having a shootout with this armored car
Speaker 2: because the armored car is just fucking started murdering everyone.
Speaker 3: And you know, the sort of.
Speaker 2: Remarkable thing about this, I mean, one of the markable
Speaker 2: things about this is that literally the day before this happens,
Speaker 2: all of these cops had been at a police training
Speaker 2: seminar about the best way to respond to civil unrest.
Speaker 2: Amazing and the police seminar and they're like, correctly, because
Speaker 2: this is actually, if you are the police, the best
Speaker 2: way to handle one of these sort of uprisings.
Speaker 3: You know, they're told, they're told to no one certain terms.
Speaker 3: The best way to do this is do not confront
Speaker 3: the crowd, do not shoot at the crowd, like you know, okay,
Speaker 3: like do like containment, but don't go don't like walk
Speaker 3: up and fight them because that will make people fight
Speaker 3: them back. And then literally the next day they are
Speaker 3: having running shootouts with like the entire black population of
Speaker 3: this town. And you know, like York is a place
Speaker 3: that has had civil rights stupment stuff before this, it's
Speaker 3: also has you know again like it has just literal
Speaker 3: white power, like street gangs who the police are in.
Speaker 3: I mean, the police literally just call them the boys
Speaker 3: like that. That's how, that's how, that's how tight these
Speaker 3: people are.
Speaker 2: Right. But and this is the thing, you know, one
Speaker 2: of the notes I want to close on is that,
Speaker 2: like a lot of the focus and I get why
Speaker 2: people focus, there's a lot of the focus from sort
Speaker 2: of radical accounts of this period is about, you know,
Speaker 2: because these riots, these uprisings like these are this is
Speaker 2: the crucible in which short of black power is forged
Speaker 2: in And so there's a lot of attention paid to
Speaker 2: sort of like black power, like people who are going
Speaker 2: to become black power leaders and people influenced by these
Speaker 2: movements like doing arm self defense. And that is true
Speaker 2: and that is important, but also just regular ass people
Speaker 2: are also doing this, right, Like the guys, the twenty
Speaker 2: guys who are having a shootout with the police armored vehicle,
Speaker 2: they are just like some of them are Vietnam vets,
Speaker 2: but like they're just they're they're just regular people who
Speaker 2: saw the police fucking roll up like into like roll
Speaker 2: up on a fucking house and start shooting people. There
Speaker 2: is a sense in you know, in this period that
Speaker 2: the thing that guns are for are to protect you
Speaker 2: from the government, right, and people actually believe this, like JFK,
Speaker 2: you know, want to There's a really good article in
Speaker 2: Strange Matters called The Double Kind of Resergency that's about this,
Speaker 2: that talks about how JFK literally gives a speech where
Speaker 2: he talks about, like again, who is a liberal gives
Speaker 2: a speech about how like, yeah, we need guns to
Speaker 2: defend itself against the tiarity of the government, and yeah, like,
Speaker 2: if you are a black person in York in nineteen
Speaker 2: sixty nine and you are watching the police from an
Speaker 2: armored vehicle shooting people on their front lawn, the response
Speaker 2: people had was, Okay, we're gonna die here or we're
Speaker 2: gonna die in Vietnam, And so I'm gonna I am
Speaker 2: choosing to die here fighting the cops. And that's I
Speaker 2: think that's important. I think because a lot of you know,
Speaker 2: a lot of what we're going to talk about next right,
Speaker 2: are these student radicals And everyone now looks at these
Speaker 2: student radicals and goes, these people were insane. These people
Speaker 2: were stupid. These people didn't understand what was happening. There
Speaker 2: was no way a revolution was ever.
Speaker 3: Going to happen.
Speaker 2: And they're wrong. Those people are fucking wrong. What these
Speaker 2: people were watching, right, They were watching this. They were
Speaker 2: watching hundreds of cities going into open revolt. They were
Speaker 2: watching people having shootouts with the cops. They were watching
Speaker 2: and people people tended not to shoot the national guard
Speaker 2: because people had enough military experience to realize that if
Speaker 2: you try to shoot the national Guard, you're not gonna
Speaker 2: win because they have machine guns and stuff. But people
Speaker 2: did it still right there, there are still numbers of
Speaker 2: this that they are watching. They're watching armed up risings
Speaker 2: in basically every every major in mind, not even major,
Speaker 2: every like minor American city has one of these. And
Speaker 2: these people assume that this is the revolution and that
Speaker 2: you know, like that this is this is the opening
Speaker 2: stage of the revolution, that it's coming, and they weren't.
Speaker 2: They weren't wrong to think that, like it didn't happen.
Speaker 2: But it's not that these people, like, you know, it's
Speaker 2: not that these people were sort of naive or foolish.
Speaker 2: It was they had the same rational reaction to what
Speaker 2: they were seeing that the f behind the Knickson administration did.
Speaker 2: And I think that's the place I'm going to close.
Speaker 2: So I think the next one of these episodes is
Speaker 2: going to be about the Columbia student occupations. But the
Speaker 2: one after that, well I might do basical standing there.
Speaker 2: But we are eventually going to get to the DNC
Speaker 2: all part. And I promised you the a thing about
Speaker 2: the people who are charged under the Riot Act. Yeah,
Speaker 2: So the people who are going to the most videos,
Speaker 2: people who are going to be charged with this like
Speaker 2: interstate riot shit are the Chicago seven seven people arrested
Speaker 2: at the Democratic National Convention. So when we come back
Speaker 2: in however long it takes to do the rest of
Speaker 2: the ninety six d A.
Speaker 3: Sophoni do before we.
Speaker 2: Get to that, we will come back to this Civil
Speaker 2: Rights Act fucking over a bunch of people's lives.
Speaker 4: I want to look quote to that.
Speaker 1: It could happen year as a production of cool Zone Media.
Speaker 1: For more podcasts from cool Zone Media, visit our website
Speaker 1: coolzonemedia dot com, or check us out on the iHeartRadio, app,
Speaker 1: Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts, you can
Speaker 1: find sources for It could happen here, Updated monthly at
Speaker 1: coolzonemedia dot com, slash sources. Thanks for listening.