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Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is

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Speaker 1: Kel's we Can review with Ryan kel Kell in now

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Speaker 1: Here's Kel. This past January nine, prison staff at Pacific Institution,

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Speaker 1: located outside of Abbotsford, BC, found a carbon fiber arrow

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Speaker 1: with a bag of crystal meth tied to it. The

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Speaker 1: bag reportedly held nine grams of methamphetamine worth Canadian The

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Speaker 1: prison is also home to a rehabilitation facility and there

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Speaker 1: have reportedly been several novel attempts to get drugs from

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Speaker 1: the outside to the inside. But this is the first

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Speaker 1: archery attempt. Now you may be asking, what the heck

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Speaker 1: does this have to do with conservation? In the Pittman

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Speaker 1: Robertson Act was amended to include the sale of archery equipment,

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Speaker 1: all archery equipment sold in the United States in fluids

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Speaker 1: and eleven percent excise tax, with the funds going to

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Speaker 1: things like habitat access and wildlife research. Speaking with a

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Speaker 1: friend of mine, the owner of Day six Arrows, he

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Speaker 1: and his customer base contribute about fifty cents per arrow

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Speaker 1: to Pittman Robertson. The recently past Pittman Robertson Modernization Act

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Speaker 1: now allows for some of those funds to be used

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Speaker 1: to generate more interest in hunting through marketing. Marketing intended

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Speaker 1: to recruit new hunters. Hunter numbers have been in decline,

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Speaker 1: and since state wildlife agencies are funded primarily through license

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Speaker 1: and tag sales, a loss of hunter numbers equates to

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Speaker 1: a lack of funding for our wildlife managers. I personally

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Speaker 1: do not like to see these funds being used in

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Speaker 1: this way, but there isn't any doubt that this is

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Speaker 1: the situation we are in. The fishing equivalent to PR

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Speaker 1: is the Dingle Johnson Act, which is already allowed for

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Speaker 1: a portion of its funds to be used for recruitment purposes,

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Speaker 1: and the marketing has shown success, So fingers crossed. I'm hopeful,

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Speaker 1: as I know we get hundreds of emails and messages

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Speaker 1: from new hunters each week through the various meat eater channels,

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Speaker 1: that this will pay off. But I don't think we

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Speaker 1: should tout the modernization of the Pittman Robertson Act as

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Speaker 1: a great thing until we realize how we got to

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Speaker 1: this point. Now back to the story, This robin hood

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Speaker 1: of the meth trade is in BC, but there is

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Speaker 1: still a good chance that the arrow was made by

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Speaker 1: a US manufacturer. They may not like what you're trying

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Speaker 1: to accomplish, Mr, Miss meth smuggler, but I do appreciate

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Speaker 1: how you're trying to do it. This week wolves in Colorado,

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Speaker 1: CU's deer in Mexico, and mysterious Brazilian tunnels. But first

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna tell you about my week. I headed out

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Speaker 1: on a CU's deer hunt down to Old Mexico, the

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Speaker 1: northern part of the state of Sonora to be exact.

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Speaker 1: CU's deer sometimes called the desert white tail, as they

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Speaker 1: resemble the white tail deer in both the configuration of

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Speaker 1: iraq the white flag like tail and in several of

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Speaker 1: their habits. The CU's deer has long been considered a

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Speaker 1: subspecies of the white tail, as their stature suggests there's

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Speaker 1: something different. They only grow to about a hundred pounds

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Speaker 1: for the bucks and right around sixty five pounds for

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Speaker 1: the does. These deer are tiny, and their ability to

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Speaker 1: hide or disappear is uncanny. However, I think in modern

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Speaker 1: taxonomy this deer that we consider a subspecies, or is

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Speaker 1: widely considered by some to be a subspecies, would only

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Speaker 1: be called a southern white tail anyway, hunting cous deer

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Speaker 1: can be a pretty social type of thing. Having a

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Speaker 1: few friends on the mountain glassing slopes for deer is helpful.

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Speaker 1: A lot of my hunting is very antisocial, so it

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Speaker 1: is a fun kind of change of pace. A good

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Speaker 1: friend of mine, one Brendan Harrington, always repeats the gambler's

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Speaker 1: phrase luck is where skill meets opportunity. This is me.

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Speaker 1: This is how I went in terms of cous deer,

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Speaker 1: as in finding one for me anyways, where persistence in

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Speaker 1: glassing meets movement haven't quite developed. I for spotting those

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Speaker 1: tiny deer without the advantage of them move first. The

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Speaker 1: dear taste great, they're beautiful, and the food and people

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Speaker 1: in Sonora I find to be absolutely fantastic. One thing

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Speaker 1: I kept thinking on is my Spanish is terrible, but

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Speaker 1: almost without exception, everyone I speak to is always happy

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Speaker 1: to help me work through my questions, often helping me

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Speaker 1: increase my vocabulary along the way. I have found that cooking, hunting,

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Speaker 1: and fishing are international languages in a way, and it

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Speaker 1: is relatively easy to work through logical questions or phrases

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Speaker 1: when interacting with others who do not speak your language.

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Speaker 1: But enjoy those activities. That being said, you see these

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Speaker 1: stories in the news of people getting very angry and

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Speaker 1: screaming at people in lying at like Starbucks or someplace

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Speaker 1: for not speaking English. If you're in my country, speak

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Speaker 1: the language. You know that sort of thing. Well, I

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Speaker 1: just have to say, if that was everyone's attitude the

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Speaker 1: world over, I'd probably be dead at a minimum, far

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Speaker 1: less adventured traveled. Moving on to some updates, a listener

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Speaker 1: named Dominic from the UK wrote in with a poem

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Speaker 1: taught to young shooters he thought appropriate to send on

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Speaker 1: the topic of hunting accidents, called a father's advice. It's

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Speaker 1: good if a sportsman, true you'd be listen carefully to me.

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Speaker 1: Never never let your gun pointed be at anyone that

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Speaker 1: it may unloaded. Be matters not the least to me.

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Speaker 1: When ahead your fence you cross, though of time it

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Speaker 1: caused a loss from your gun the cartridge. Take for

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Speaker 1: the greater safety's sake. If TwixT you and neighboring gun,

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Speaker 1: birds shall fly, or beasts may run, let this maxim

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Speaker 1: air be thine follow not across the line. Stops and

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Speaker 1: beaters oft unseen lurk behind some leafy screen calm and steady,

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Speaker 1: always be Never shoot where you can't see. You may

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Speaker 1: kill or you may miss. But at all times think this.

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Speaker 1: All the pheasants ever bred won't repay for one man dead.

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Speaker 1: Keep your place and silent. B game can hear, and

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Speaker 1: game concede. Don't be greedy. Better spared is a pheasant

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Speaker 1: than one shared. If you don't remember last week's episode,

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Speaker 1: we talked about a New Year's Day hunting accident. In

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Speaker 1: the basic tenants of hunter safety, treat every gun as

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Speaker 1: if it is loaded, identify your target, and beyond always

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Speaker 1: keep your barrel pointed in a safe direction. So thank

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Speaker 1: you for sending that in. As everyone knows, Cal's Weekend

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Speaker 1: review is powered by Steel Power Equipment gear I find

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Speaker 1: dependable and tough, which is why I thought this next

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Speaker 1: listener email, provided by Mike Flynn is so cool. Actually,

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Speaker 1: two things about it are really cool. First, Mike Flynn

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Speaker 1: is my grandpa Jim ak Doc Callaghan's best friend, an

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Speaker 1: old classmate he recently deceased, or he recently just passed away,

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Speaker 1: or rather they were fighting saints at a Carol College

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Speaker 1: located in Helena, Montana, class ninety. But that's a different

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Speaker 1: Mike Flynn than the dude who just rode in this

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Speaker 1: Mike Flynn, It's got a hot tip, he says. Add

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Speaker 1: some oyster and chitaki mushroom spores to your canola oil

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Speaker 1: bar oil. Put the oil in a bucket with some

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Speaker 1: screen over the top, Put the mushroom caps on the screen,

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Speaker 1: and let the spores fall into the oil. Then use

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Speaker 1: that oil as normal bar oil. Cut the stumps a

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Speaker 1: little high for maximum yield, and you have a good

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Speaker 1: chance at producing mushrooms. How's that sounds like a hot tip.

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Speaker 1: I have no idea if this mushroom farming technique is

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Speaker 1: true or works, but I really want it to be.

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Speaker 1: If you try that one out, please let me know

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Speaker 1: how it works. Steel makes a canola oil based bar

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Speaker 1: and chain called Bioplus that could be worth a shot

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Speaker 1: if you're running a commercial saw, if you were like

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Speaker 1: mean or just an occasional chainsaw driver, regular old canola

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Speaker 1: works just fine. One interesting point on mushroom spores. So

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Speaker 1: if you're a mushroom picker like myself, I often use

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Speaker 1: screens like typically, I just take the screen door off

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Speaker 1: the back porch, lay it out so it's elevated and

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Speaker 1: air can travel underneath it, and then I lay all

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Speaker 1: my mushrooms on that screen. And one really interesting thing

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Speaker 1: is when those mushrooms start to really dry out and

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Speaker 1: they get stressed, it triggers this self propagation mechanism and

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Speaker 1: they shoot out all their spores and on the screen

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Speaker 1: can be left a really cool design by those spores

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Speaker 1: shooting off the mushroom and sticking to the screen. Try

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Speaker 1: that one out for a school science class. Now we're

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Speaker 1: gonna make a quick stop the corrections desk, Beetlejuice, the

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Speaker 1: flickering star in the constellation o'riyan is in the Milky

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Speaker 1: Way galaxy, not in our solar system. As I stated,

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Speaker 1: thank you for the correction from a dude named Ali

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Speaker 1: in Ontario. Ali writes his name in a way that

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Speaker 1: he puts a little hyphen behind it and says I

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Speaker 1: am a dude, which is why I included the word dude.

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Speaker 1: Thank you again, Ali. Moving on to the contentious pred

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Speaker 1: at her desk. Wolves are both in the state of

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Speaker 1: Colorado and on the ballot, which is tricky because the

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Speaker 1: ballot initiative is to bring wolves into the state of Colorado.

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Speaker 1: Colorado Parks and Wildlife announced the presence of wolves in

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Speaker 1: northwest Colorado near the Utah Wyoming borders. A few things

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Speaker 1: being considered on this topic. Should wolves be transplanted by

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Speaker 1: humans into other parts of the state, like Colorado's West Slope,

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Speaker 1: or should the wolves just be left to move into

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Speaker 1: the state as the wolves would likely do through natural

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Speaker 1: dispersal and avoidance. And last, should the general public be

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Speaker 1: allowed to vote on game management issues? Being as we

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Speaker 1: are twenty five years down the road from wolf ree

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Speaker 1: introduction in my home state of Montana via Yellowstone National Park,

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Speaker 1: I'll tell you that although I personally do not have

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Speaker 1: any deep seated issues with wolves, I really did not

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Speaker 1: enjoy the process of wolf ree introduction. One very small

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Speaker 1: story I have from this time is I spotted my

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Speaker 1: very first wolf ever in the Anacona Pittler Wilderness about

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Speaker 1: twenty six years ago. If you're doing the math, that

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Speaker 1: is one year prior to wolf reintroduction. It was a

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Speaker 1: really cool thing. I never encountered a wolf before, and

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Speaker 1: it was amazing. I was incredibly excited to go tell

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Speaker 1: a friend of mine's father, who was actually working on

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Speaker 1: the reintroduction of wolves into the state of Montana. I

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Speaker 1: was in high school at the time, and much to

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Speaker 1: my surprise, when I told my friend's father excitedly about

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Speaker 1: my wild wolf encounter, he replied emphatically that I had

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Speaker 1: not seen a wolf, as there were no wolves in

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Speaker 1: the state. This guy wasn't open to any arguing and

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Speaker 1: being as I had no proof, the conversation was short.

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Speaker 1: I saw a wolf, No, you didn't. There are no

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Speaker 1: wolves at the time. The only way wolf reintroduction was

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Speaker 1: going to happen was if there were no wolves in

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Speaker 1: the state of Montana. My very unscientific finding was not

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Speaker 1: going to change anything. I was just a jacked up

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Speaker 1: kid high on wildlife, and this encounter with a wildlife

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Speaker 1: professional was hurtful. I was not a wolf killer or hater,

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Speaker 1: just an observant outdoors guy. If we had not been

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Speaker 1: trying to reintroduce wolves, this not fun discouraging encounter would

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Speaker 1: have been a fun, encouraging encounter. This is just a

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Speaker 1: very small, insignificant thing. But I never looked at my

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Speaker 1: buddy's dad in the same way. You have to be

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Speaker 1: careful with absolutism and wildlife as we were seeing right

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Speaker 1: now in Colorado. I did not believe that voters should

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Speaker 1: be brought in to decide or influence wildlife management. Opening

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Speaker 1: this door would set a dangerous precedent. Of course, to

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Speaker 1: play devil's advocate, you have to admit that you know,

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Speaker 1: we do a lot of voting on things that most

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Speaker 1: of us have no experience in. I'll tell you I

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Speaker 1: hated it when someone with zero carpentry experience or field

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Speaker 1: dressing experience would tell me how to do things. But

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Speaker 1: then again, I have no experience in foreign and domestic

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Speaker 1: affairs for the entirety of a nation, and I have

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Speaker 1: no problem voting for who should be president. Not exactly

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Speaker 1: apples to apples, I know, but I do wonder if

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Speaker 1: we can get a petition big enough to get the

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Speaker 1: reintroduction of wolves on a ballot. Could a petition get

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Speaker 1: other animals with charisma on the ballot? Especially in a

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Speaker 1: state with legal marijuana and possibly legal psychotropic mushrooms, you

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Speaker 1: may get someone knocking on your door one day with

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Speaker 1: the petition to introduce I don't know, something really wild

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Speaker 1: to the state, snow leopards or eyebex or something, although

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Speaker 1: I don't think that likely. I am saying some things

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Speaker 1: shouldn't be left up to the general voting public. For

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Speaker 1: more on this, subject. Check out Brodie Henderson's article should

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Speaker 1: wolves be reintroduced Colorado Only? At the meat eater dot com.

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Speaker 1: Moving on to the feral cat desk, a study found

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Speaker 1: in Scientific Reports titled extra Territorial Honeting Expeditions to Intense

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Speaker 1: fire Scars by Feral Cats found that feral cats, although

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Speaker 1: typically bound to home ranges two to three kilometers across,

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Speaker 1: will travel up to twelve and a half kilometers to

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Speaker 1: burn areas. The likely reason for travel good hunting in

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Speaker 1: an area with vulnerable animals can cover. Cats fitted with

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Speaker 1: tracking collars and cameras were successful in their hunts seventy

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Speaker 1: percent of the time in burn areas in this study,

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Speaker 1: The cat's average seven point two kills every twenty four hours,

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Speaker 1: which doesn't leave much time to eat. The thirteen cats

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Speaker 1: and this study left their kills uneaten tent of the time.

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Speaker 1: In some areas of Australia, one feral cats per kilometer

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Speaker 1: have been recorded. Taking into consideration the more than prolific

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Speaker 1: fire season in Australia and the chew toy size of

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Speaker 1: some of the continents threatened species, it seems like now

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Speaker 1: is the time to act on the feral cat issue.

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Speaker 1: If not now, when as a reminder, here in the US,

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Speaker 1: outdoor cats that includes the feral cats and those cats

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Speaker 1: he kick outside at night killed possible three point seven

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Speaker 1: billion birds per year and in astonishing twenty point seven

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Speaker 1: billion small mammals a year. Those are catastrophic numbers. For

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Speaker 1: the record has catched that one. Moving on, we have

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Speaker 1: talked about burmese pythons in Southeast Florida several times here

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Speaker 1: on the Weekend Review. Since the year two thousand, the

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Speaker 1: non native python has slithered its way to possibly the

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Speaker 1: top of the growing hit list of invasive wildlife in Florida.

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Speaker 1: These snakes breed prolifically, are incredibly hard to spot, and

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Speaker 1: they like to eat. In response to their growing numbers,

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Speaker 1: state efforts to remove pythons, such as the Python Challenge,

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Speaker 1: as well as cash incentives for captured snakes from the

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Speaker 1: South Florida Water Management District and the Florida Fish and

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Speaker 1: Wildlife Conservation Commission. You also get bonus money for big

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Speaker 1: snakes and females bearing eggs. Again, of this should be

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Speaker 1: new to you. All things we have covered, so listen

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Speaker 1: up for your very important public service announcement. They're a

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Speaker 1: handful of high dollar snakes out in the everglades and

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Speaker 1: pine islands that should not be touched. One snake in particular, Elvis,

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Speaker 1: has been slithering through the swamps for seven years carrying

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Speaker 1: a geolocation tag. Elvis has been continuously tracked longer than

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Speaker 1: any other Burmese python on the planet, which makes him

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Speaker 1: the king one who if you think about it, it

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Speaker 1: also makes him and other tagged and monitored Burmese pythons

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Speaker 1: very expensive. One study led by the University of Florida

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Speaker 1: estimated costs of betrayal events. That's when the tracking of

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Speaker 1: a Judas snake led to the capture of other snakes

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Speaker 1: during the breeding seasons of two thousand seven through two

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Speaker 1: thousand twelve at eleven thousand, twenty nine dollars per python.

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Speaker 1: These so called Judas snakes are providing a very important

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Speaker 1: role of seeking out female snakes in a way humans cannot.

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Speaker 1: So if you happen to take that family trip to

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Speaker 1: capture pythons, let the ones with orange tags and three

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Speaker 1: digit marks on their sides go and you can pat

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Speaker 1: yourself on the back. You may not have caught Elvis,

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Speaker 1: but you did catch v I. P. That's a very

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Speaker 1: important python. Moving on, the paleo desk, and we aren't

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Speaker 1: talking diet trends. The giant armadillo of South America can

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Speaker 1: weigh up to ninety pounds. They dig burrows that are

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Speaker 1: roughly sixteen inches in diameter and twenty ft long. What

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Speaker 1: researchers are trying to answer is what digs a five

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Speaker 1: foot wide, two fifty ft long burrow. For those of

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Speaker 1: you not hip to the lingo associated with burrowing animals,

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Speaker 1: a burrow typically reference as a whole or a tunnel,

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Speaker 1: a place for an animal to hide, store food, give birth,

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Speaker 1: or just live. In general, rabbits are often associated with burrows.

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Speaker 1: In this case, it would take one heck of a

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Speaker 1: rabbit found almost exclusively in Brazil. Paleo burrows are a

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Speaker 1: real mystery, both in regards to what did the digging

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Speaker 1: and when. Some of the discovered tunnels are straightforward shafts,

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Speaker 1: others have turns that connect to other chafts, forming a

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Speaker 1: network of burrows. Possible culprits for the what and who's

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Speaker 1: doing the digging is the giant ground sloth. The giant

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Speaker 1: ground sloth disappeared around eight to ten thousand years ago.

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Speaker 1: Some of these sloths grew to the size of modern elephants.

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Speaker 1: The other possible excavator has been identified as Gliptodon, the

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Speaker 1: original giant armadillo. This guy was eleven feet long and

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Speaker 1: possibly as heavy as forty four hundred pounds, roughly the

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Speaker 1: size of a black rhino, which brings up yet another question,

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Speaker 1: what are animals this size having to dig burrows? For

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Speaker 1: the first paleo burrow was discovered near Rondonia. This is

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Speaker 1: a branching tunnel system measuring two thousand feet in length

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Speaker 1: with an estimated four thousand metric tons of dirt and

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Speaker 1: rock excavated. That's big. While researchers are trying to evaluate

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Speaker 1: mineral and plant deposits to try and determine the exact

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Speaker 1: age of the caves as well as properly mapped them

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Speaker 1: in order to see if there is a possible pattern

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Speaker 1: that would help identify the former engineer by comparing them

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Speaker 1: to their modern relatives. So far, the only physical evidence,

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Speaker 1: the only sign that remains of what could have dug

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Speaker 1: the tunnels is the large claw marks the original burrowing

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Speaker 1: animals left behind, which, if you track down the photos

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Speaker 1: of these paleo burrows, makes a pretty darned compelling reason

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Speaker 1: to figure this mystery out. Moving on being as a

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Speaker 1: Super Bowl week, I'm gonna talk football, just kidding. This

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Speaker 1: story was brought to my attention by meat eaters own

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Speaker 1: Spencer new Hearth, and it involves the Super Bowl and

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Speaker 1: ice fishing back in the great sportsman state of South Dakota,

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Speaker 1: near the town of Akaska, which you may have previously

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Speaker 1: heard of, as it was at one point the furthest

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Speaker 1: you could get from a McDonald's in the lower forty

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Speaker 1: eight also known as quote mcfarthest. Another quick fact for you,

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Speaker 1: if you are from the town of Acaska, South Dakota,

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Speaker 1: you are an Akaskin anyway, UH d C seven aircraft

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Speaker 1: loaded with bales of Columbian marijuana landed at a pre

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Speaker 1: planned impromptu air strip about three miles from a group

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Speaker 1: of ice fishermen just leaving the frozen Missouri River. The

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Speaker 1: fisherman had come to the conclusion that the d C

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Speaker 1: seven was not making a safe landing in this part

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Speaker 1: of the South Dakota and they promptly went to the rescue.

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Speaker 1: Upon finding the plane, they found three individuals with not

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Speaker 1: even one good explanation as to how they got there.

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Speaker 1: Lying to a fisherman is not the smartest move, as

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Speaker 1: anyone willing to sit on the frozen Missouri at the

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Speaker 1: end of January is likely well practiced in tall tales. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: what I'm saying is the anglers smelled the scent of

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Speaker 1: something fishy surrounded the plane. One angler even let the

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Speaker 1: air out of the plane's front tire. Seeing as the

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Speaker 1: plane wasn't gonna getney traction, the three men took off

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Speaker 1: into the South Dakota night. Eventually, the authorities arrested six individuals,

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Speaker 1: and in doing so found out the original plan, which

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Speaker 1: was to land during the Super Bowl, when surely everyone

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Speaker 1: in South Dakota would be watching the game, not the

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Speaker 1: night sky. A strong tail wind pushed the schedule to

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Speaker 1: coincide with the fisherman leaving the ice. The Pittsburgh Steelers

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Speaker 1: beat the Los Angeles Rams thirty one to nineteen, becoming

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Speaker 1: the first team to win four Super Bowl titles, and

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Speaker 1: the ice fisherman became the first in South Dakota to

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Speaker 1: catch eighteen million dollars in marijuana. I'm not sure what

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Speaker 1: happened to the smugglers, but the pot was eventually burned

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Speaker 1: near Pier. I can make a joke here about going

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Speaker 1: up and smoke, but you get it. That's all I've

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Speaker 1: got for you this week. Thanks for listening. As per usual,

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Speaker 1: you can always get ahold of me at ask Cal

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Speaker 1: at the meat eater dot com. That's a s k C.

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Speaker 1: A l at the meat eater dot com. Tell me

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Speaker 1: what I'm missing, what I should be hitting, and what

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Speaker 1: I got wrong. If you're loving the show, tell a

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Speaker 1: friend or two, and you can always leave me a

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Speaker 1: review by hitting that for this right hand start. Thanks again,

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Speaker 1: I'll talk to you next week. M