1 00:00:00,050 --> 00:00:05,460 Speaker 1: Fellow ridiculous historians, have you heard of Canada? It's been 2 00:00:05,580 --> 00:00:08,880 Speaker 1: in the news a little bit lately. Yeah, practicing softball questions, 3 00:00:08,920 --> 00:00:11,620 Speaker 1: you guys. Yeah, man, yeah. I mean, I don't know. 4 00:00:11,840 --> 00:00:15,080 Speaker 2: I've never met a Canadian that I didn't like. 5 00:00:15,940 --> 00:00:18,650 Speaker 1: I wish I could say the same, man, honestly. Fair, fair, fair. 6 00:00:18,930 --> 00:00:20,829 Speaker 2: To be honest, though, I haven't met that many Canadians, 7 00:00:20,850 --> 00:00:23,810 Speaker 2: but they've all been very pleasant people. Yeah, yeah, I 8 00:00:23,890 --> 00:00:24,550 Speaker 2: agree with you. 9 00:00:25,350 --> 00:00:30,330 Speaker 1: We know that. Ireland as a culture has for a 10 00:00:30,430 --> 00:00:36,150 Speaker 1: long time been separated. There's Ireland, the nation, and then 11 00:00:36,170 --> 00:00:41,269 Speaker 1: there's Northern Ireland, which has been controlled by the United Kingdom. 12 00:00:41,810 --> 00:00:45,019 Speaker 1: A lot of people want a unified Ireland. We're being 13 00:00:45,050 --> 00:00:49,559 Speaker 1: very diplomatic in how we describe that. But in 2019, 14 00:00:49,560 --> 00:00:53,700 Speaker 1: we learned that once upon a time, people who wanted 15 00:00:53,780 --> 00:00:57,810 Speaker 1: to reunify Ireland thought the best way to do it 16 00:00:58,250 --> 00:00:59,710 Speaker 1: was to invade Canada. 17 00:01:00,450 --> 00:01:02,569 Speaker 2: Man, I think Donald Trump must have listened to this 18 00:01:02,630 --> 00:01:05,010 Speaker 2: episode of ours back when it came out in July 19 00:01:05,050 --> 00:01:06,660 Speaker 2: of 2019. 20 00:01:06,660 --> 00:01:42,209 Speaker 1: So who are these Finians? Folks, let's find out. Welcome 21 00:01:42,310 --> 00:01:46,720 Speaker 1: to the show, ridiculous historians, and hello to you and 22 00:01:46,890 --> 00:01:51,060 Speaker 1: whatever neck of the global woods you find yourself today. 23 00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:55,600 Speaker 1: I got to tell you, this episode and this topic 24 00:01:55,640 --> 00:01:59,400 Speaker 1: for today's episode is calling up some memories for me 25 00:01:59,520 --> 00:02:02,410 Speaker 1: of a very strange weekend. There was one time where 26 00:02:02,440 --> 00:02:06,130 Speaker 1: circumstances found me in Dublin for like 26 hours. 27 00:02:06,550 --> 00:02:08,090 Speaker 2: You do that from time to time, don't you, Ben? 28 00:02:08,330 --> 00:02:09,269 Speaker 2: Things happen, Noel. 29 00:02:09,310 --> 00:02:11,829 Speaker 1: Things happen. We were just before we went on the 30 00:02:11,930 --> 00:02:17,780 Speaker 1: air asking our super producer, Casey Pegram, who is probably 31 00:02:18,120 --> 00:02:21,299 Speaker 1: the most well-traveled of the three of us, if he 32 00:02:21,340 --> 00:02:26,050 Speaker 1: had ever been to Ireland. And Casey said, You said no, right? 33 00:02:26,310 --> 00:02:28,910 Speaker 3: I don't know if I'm the most traveled in terms 34 00:02:28,990 --> 00:02:31,630 Speaker 3: of countries visited or if I'm just the most frequently 35 00:02:31,669 --> 00:02:34,430 Speaker 3: traveled because I keep going to Paris every year. Because 36 00:02:34,470 --> 00:02:36,910 Speaker 3: I actually, I kind of made my tour of Europe 37 00:02:37,110 --> 00:02:40,190 Speaker 3: and then I just stayed in Paris after that. And 38 00:02:40,230 --> 00:02:42,180 Speaker 3: every time I get ready to go, I'm like, I 39 00:02:42,220 --> 00:02:44,010 Speaker 3: should see some more places. And then I'm just like, no, 40 00:02:44,090 --> 00:02:45,600 Speaker 3: I'm not. I'm just going to stay here. 41 00:02:45,900 --> 00:02:49,120 Speaker 1: What was amazing about Ireland, the very small amount of 42 00:02:49,160 --> 00:02:54,640 Speaker 1: time I spent there, was everybody had these amazing musical accents. 43 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:58,700 Speaker 1: And this might not seem like a big deal to 44 00:02:58,840 --> 00:03:01,980 Speaker 1: a lot of us listening in Europe or maybe Australia 45 00:03:02,020 --> 00:03:05,600 Speaker 1: or other places, but here in the US, North Americans, 46 00:03:05,639 --> 00:03:10,299 Speaker 1: and probably this includes Canadians as well, love the Irish accent. 47 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:13,720 Speaker 1: I heard two guys getting into a street fight at 48 00:03:13,940 --> 00:03:16,150 Speaker 1: like two in the morning, and I thought they were 49 00:03:16,190 --> 00:03:18,929 Speaker 1: just being very kind to each other. One of them 50 00:03:18,970 --> 00:03:21,730 Speaker 1: was like, I'll be seeing you then. And the other 51 00:03:21,810 --> 00:03:24,940 Speaker 1: one said, oh, no, I'll be seeing you. Oh, you'll 52 00:03:24,960 --> 00:03:27,620 Speaker 1: be seeing me, will you? Oh, no, I'll be seeing you. 53 00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:29,500 Speaker 1: And he's like, yeah. And this is the line the 54 00:03:29,540 --> 00:03:31,540 Speaker 1: guy used. He said, I'll see you very well. 55 00:03:31,560 --> 00:03:34,389 Speaker 2: And I turned around. Oh, you'll see me very well. 56 00:03:34,450 --> 00:03:35,590 Speaker 2: I see you even better. 57 00:03:35,710 --> 00:03:40,700 Speaker 1: I turned around and the police force, LaGuardia, They're called 58 00:03:40,940 --> 00:03:44,160 Speaker 1: they were holding these guys back and one of them 59 00:03:44,240 --> 00:03:47,290 Speaker 1: had a bottle. He was like brandishing at the other one. 60 00:03:47,910 --> 00:03:52,530 Speaker 1: It sounded like this very polite, maybe slightly drunken conversation 61 00:03:52,590 --> 00:03:55,570 Speaker 1: between friends. Right. Who are just trying to like one 62 00:03:55,630 --> 00:03:57,750 Speaker 1: up their bromance. But no, those guys were going to 63 00:03:57,790 --> 00:03:58,960 Speaker 1: beat the tar out of each other. 64 00:03:58,970 --> 00:04:02,040 Speaker 2: We've we've we've probably sounded that way to passers by before. 65 00:04:02,840 --> 00:04:06,380 Speaker 2: Slightly in our cups on the porch of the old local. 66 00:04:06,410 --> 00:04:09,330 Speaker 2: This is the bar that we frequent. Yes, our local 67 00:04:09,350 --> 00:04:12,410 Speaker 2: bar is called The Local. It's very true. Great chicken wings. 68 00:04:12,450 --> 00:04:14,350 Speaker 2: Great chicken wings, really easy to remember. Ben, I want 69 00:04:14,370 --> 00:04:15,860 Speaker 2: to take an opportunity here at the top of the 70 00:04:15,900 --> 00:04:18,260 Speaker 2: show real quick. Yeah. You and I had a very 71 00:04:18,300 --> 00:04:22,240 Speaker 2: interesting text exchange the other night where you mentioned the 72 00:04:22,279 --> 00:04:25,010 Speaker 2: fact that you had– an odd amount of pictures of 73 00:04:25,050 --> 00:04:26,950 Speaker 2: a mutual friend of ours on your phone, and you 74 00:04:26,990 --> 00:04:29,430 Speaker 2: asked me if I wanted to subscribe to a service 75 00:04:29,529 --> 00:04:30,310 Speaker 2: called NickPix. 76 00:04:30,490 --> 00:04:30,850 Speaker 1: NickPix. 77 00:04:30,910 --> 00:04:33,230 Speaker 2: NickPix. And you just sent me this email as though 78 00:04:33,250 --> 00:04:35,920 Speaker 2: it were from a bot saying, you have subscribed to NickPix. 79 00:04:36,220 --> 00:04:39,620 Speaker 2: Press F in the chat. Rename for good luck. Unsubscribe 80 00:04:39,680 --> 00:04:42,340 Speaker 2: by being lame. And then I hit F. And then 81 00:04:42,560 --> 00:04:46,230 Speaker 2: Ben proceeded to send me like a dozen screenshots of 82 00:04:46,260 --> 00:04:50,350 Speaker 2: the iTunes reviews for this show. And my response was, 83 00:04:50,990 --> 00:04:54,290 Speaker 2: what the hell? That was brutal. I avoid these reviews 84 00:04:54,350 --> 00:04:56,410 Speaker 2: like the plague. Explain yourself, sir. 85 00:04:56,770 --> 00:05:00,690 Speaker 1: Oh, also, don't forget that you did get, along with that, 86 00:05:01,050 --> 00:05:06,170 Speaker 1: some top-notch Nick picks, which a friend of ours, artist 87 00:05:06,410 --> 00:05:07,089 Speaker 1: Nick Benson. 88 00:05:07,110 --> 00:05:09,600 Speaker 2: Nick Benson, Admiral Turbo, he goes by. But I bring 89 00:05:09,640 --> 00:05:12,020 Speaker 2: it up because I wanted to read– most of these 90 00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:13,659 Speaker 2: were quite good. And Ben has a good point that 91 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:15,919 Speaker 2: a lot of our iTunes reviews or Apple podcasts are 92 00:05:15,940 --> 00:05:17,420 Speaker 2: either one star or five stars. 93 00:05:17,480 --> 00:05:17,820 Speaker 1: Yeah. 94 00:05:17,850 --> 00:05:19,270 Speaker 2: Depending on where you fall on the spectrum. But this 95 00:05:19,310 --> 00:05:22,370 Speaker 2: is one I quite enjoyed. The subject is such a 96 00:05:22,450 --> 00:05:25,430 Speaker 2: waste of resources. And here's the review. So one star. 97 00:05:25,720 --> 00:05:29,120 Speaker 2: The topics and headlines of the new podcast episodes are great, 98 00:05:29,420 --> 00:05:31,760 Speaker 2: but when you listen, you realize they aren't there to 99 00:05:31,850 --> 00:05:34,710 Speaker 2: cover it, but to go off on nerd tangents and 100 00:05:34,770 --> 00:05:38,170 Speaker 2: dialogue that is completely irrelevant. No offense, but I don't 101 00:05:38,210 --> 00:05:40,909 Speaker 2: want to listen to your side convos and inside jokes. 102 00:05:41,250 --> 00:05:43,849 Speaker 2: Stay on topic and present the story. One of the 103 00:05:43,890 --> 00:05:46,669 Speaker 2: guys is the worst and always takes it off topic. 104 00:05:46,970 --> 00:05:50,500 Speaker 2: All caps. No one cares. Stick to the content. He 105 00:05:50,510 --> 00:05:52,960 Speaker 2: didn't identify who which one of us was the worst. 106 00:05:53,339 --> 00:05:55,760 Speaker 2: But I would conjecture that if you're listening to the 107 00:05:55,779 --> 00:05:58,280 Speaker 2: show now and you're still listening, then you're one of 108 00:05:58,300 --> 00:06:00,539 Speaker 2: those people who likes the side convos in the nerd 109 00:06:00,620 --> 00:06:01,900 Speaker 2: chat at the top of the show. 110 00:06:02,120 --> 00:06:05,160 Speaker 1: I remember that one. And I don't know who that is. 111 00:06:05,220 --> 00:06:07,680 Speaker 1: I feel like they're naming all three of us. There 112 00:06:07,720 --> 00:06:09,990 Speaker 1: was one there was one review. I can't remember if 113 00:06:10,050 --> 00:06:10,750 Speaker 1: I sent this to you. 114 00:06:11,510 --> 00:06:12,550 Speaker 2: That made me laugh. 115 00:06:12,650 --> 00:06:14,530 Speaker 1: And it made me think of you, Casey, because a 116 00:06:14,710 --> 00:06:19,210 Speaker 1: lot of it was telling us not to. They were like, 117 00:06:19,230 --> 00:06:22,570 Speaker 1: we don't understand. I don't understand who this Casey Pegram is. 118 00:06:22,930 --> 00:06:25,650 Speaker 1: Why are these guys fawning? That's the word they used, fawning. 119 00:06:25,770 --> 00:06:29,210 Speaker 1: Great word, F-A-W-N. Why are they fawning over this person 120 00:06:29,230 --> 00:06:31,190 Speaker 1: we don't know? And I thought, wow, you have not 121 00:06:31,270 --> 00:06:35,529 Speaker 1: listened to the show ever because super producer Casey Pegram 122 00:06:35,770 --> 00:06:36,890 Speaker 1: has been there since day one. 123 00:06:37,620 --> 00:06:39,130 Speaker 3: I did see that review and it cracked me up. 124 00:06:39,300 --> 00:06:41,800 Speaker 3: Just somebody coming into the middle and being like, who 125 00:06:41,880 --> 00:06:44,080 Speaker 3: is this guy? Why do they keep mentioning this guy? 126 00:06:44,279 --> 00:06:47,539 Speaker 2: Well, I'll tell you, we fawn for good reason. I mean, 127 00:06:47,620 --> 00:06:50,240 Speaker 2: it's a fawn that comes honestly because Casey Pegram is 128 00:06:50,760 --> 00:06:52,560 Speaker 2: one of both of our favorite people. And if you 129 00:06:52,580 --> 00:06:55,560 Speaker 2: can't get on board with that, listener, then maybe you 130 00:06:55,580 --> 00:06:57,520 Speaker 2: need to find yourself a different podcast. 131 00:06:57,900 --> 00:07:01,170 Speaker 1: We literally have a t-shirt with Casey's face on it. 132 00:07:01,200 --> 00:07:03,300 Speaker 1: Thanks again for letting us pull that one off, Casey. 133 00:07:03,320 --> 00:07:04,159 Speaker 2: I'm wearing it right now. 134 00:07:04,260 --> 00:07:06,040 Speaker 1: And Noel is wearing one of them, yeah. 135 00:07:06,500 --> 00:07:06,620 Speaker 2: So. 136 00:07:07,350 --> 00:07:09,950 Speaker 3: Folks, I'm as baffled by all of this as you are. 137 00:07:10,410 --> 00:07:12,830 Speaker 1: Well, they don't know the backstory of how I spent 138 00:07:13,470 --> 00:07:16,470 Speaker 1: the better part of, what, seven months trying to talk 139 00:07:16,510 --> 00:07:18,540 Speaker 1: you into letting me get a shirt with your face 140 00:07:18,640 --> 00:07:20,640 Speaker 1: on it. And you politely told me it was weird. 141 00:07:21,060 --> 00:07:24,800 Speaker 1: But now we're doing it for a show. Yeah, that's 142 00:07:25,420 --> 00:07:25,880 Speaker 1: how it goes. 143 00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:27,240 Speaker 2: That was a severely. 144 00:07:28,110 --> 00:07:31,170 Speaker 1: I'll tolerate you, Ben, response from our good friend Casey. 145 00:07:31,290 --> 00:07:34,470 Speaker 2: I'm fine with that. I think Casey held it together delightfully. 146 00:07:34,970 --> 00:07:37,450 Speaker 2: Speaking of holding it together delightfully, we should probably do 147 00:07:37,490 --> 00:07:38,330 Speaker 2: an actual show. 148 00:07:38,590 --> 00:07:44,130 Speaker 1: Right, right. So I'm not mentioning the beautiful lilt of the... 149 00:07:43,990 --> 00:07:45,610 Speaker 1: How do we get to the reviews? I'm not mentioning 150 00:07:45,630 --> 00:07:50,290 Speaker 1: the beautiful lilt of the Irish accent for nothing. Today's 151 00:07:50,430 --> 00:07:57,490 Speaker 1: show does concern the Irish, but not necessarily Ireland. We 152 00:07:57,510 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: were talking about a time when the Irish invaded our 153 00:08:03,500 --> 00:08:07,520 Speaker 1: fair country to the north of the U.S., Canada. 154 00:08:07,720 --> 00:08:11,180 Speaker 2: Didn't we do another Canada invasion story pretty recently? We did. 155 00:08:11,200 --> 00:08:14,520 Speaker 2: It was Fort Blunder, which was built on the wrong 156 00:08:14,610 --> 00:08:17,350 Speaker 2: side of the border. That's right, because we were concerned 157 00:08:17,390 --> 00:08:21,450 Speaker 2: about an invasion from Canada. This episode concerns an invasion from... 158 00:08:21,770 --> 00:08:25,450 Speaker 2: of Canada by the Finians, who were members of a 159 00:08:25,790 --> 00:08:31,730 Speaker 2: 19th century movement that was all about Irish independence from Britain. 160 00:08:32,429 --> 00:08:36,850 Speaker 2: They were a secret organization. They were outlawed in the 161 00:08:36,890 --> 00:08:42,490 Speaker 2: British Empire. And they were also known in Britain as 162 00:08:42,590 --> 00:08:47,790 Speaker 2: the Irish Republican Brotherhood. Is this a precursor to the IRA, Ben? 163 00:08:48,410 --> 00:08:51,890 Speaker 1: I believe, I believe that is correct, at least in 164 00:08:52,010 --> 00:08:57,590 Speaker 1: terms of concepts, right? So the IRA would be thematically 165 00:08:57,670 --> 00:09:02,309 Speaker 1: descended or ideologically descended, if not directly descended. So tell 166 00:09:02,330 --> 00:09:04,450 Speaker 1: us a little bit about those roots then, Ben. Of 167 00:09:04,510 --> 00:09:07,990 Speaker 1: the Finians, sure. The Finian Brotherhood was founded in the 168 00:09:08,090 --> 00:09:13,650 Speaker 1: United States in 1858, and it was a precursor to 169 00:09:13,860 --> 00:09:18,370 Speaker 1: things like the Irish Republican Brotherhood. The members were known 170 00:09:18,690 --> 00:09:23,040 Speaker 1: as Finians, and Mahoney, John Mahoney, that is, one of 171 00:09:23,080 --> 00:09:26,420 Speaker 1: the founders, was a Gaelic scholar who named his organization 172 00:09:26,559 --> 00:09:32,260 Speaker 1: after the Fianna legendary band of Irish warriors. So they 173 00:09:32,300 --> 00:09:37,580 Speaker 1: traced their origins back to the 1790s when there was 174 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:41,080 Speaker 1: a rebellion seeking to end British rule in Ireland, first 175 00:09:41,120 --> 00:09:45,710 Speaker 1: for self-government and then later to establish an Irish republic. 176 00:09:46,390 --> 00:09:50,160 Speaker 1: When John O'Mahony had founded this, he did it after 177 00:09:50,260 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: he had traveled to the continent to avoid arrest in Ireland. 178 00:09:54,200 --> 00:09:56,830 Speaker 1: And then he had lived in France for a little bit, 179 00:09:57,150 --> 00:10:01,590 Speaker 1: still planning to overthrow British rule in Ireland. And in 1856, 180 00:10:01,590 --> 00:10:05,830 Speaker 1: he came to the United States to found the Finian Brotherhood. 181 00:10:06,650 --> 00:10:13,400 Speaker 1: And in some ways, the Finian Brotherhood was aiming to 182 00:10:13,540 --> 00:10:18,080 Speaker 1: become a replacement Irish government. They had adopted a constitution 183 00:10:18,100 --> 00:10:22,750 Speaker 1: that rules for general governance, and so on. And this was, 184 00:10:23,150 --> 00:10:25,950 Speaker 1: it's important to note, this was an American branch of 185 00:10:26,090 --> 00:10:30,130 Speaker 1: this larger Finian movement. And the main thing that they 186 00:10:30,190 --> 00:10:35,699 Speaker 1: did originally was to raise funds and obtain weapons to 187 00:10:35,780 --> 00:10:39,480 Speaker 1: send to Ireland. The mission of the Finians was always 188 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:43,840 Speaker 1: ultimately to overthrow and drive out the British forces. 189 00:10:44,210 --> 00:10:46,569 Speaker 2: So here's the thing, too. Most of the Finians had 190 00:10:46,710 --> 00:10:52,650 Speaker 2: been made super battle-weary and hardened, rugged even, by the 191 00:10:52,750 --> 00:10:56,530 Speaker 2: American Civil War where they had fought. They were experienced. 192 00:10:57,010 --> 00:11:01,790 Speaker 2: They had seen plenty of brutal and bloody battle, and 193 00:11:02,050 --> 00:11:04,010 Speaker 2: they were very, very skilled. Right. 194 00:11:04,150 --> 00:11:06,870 Speaker 1: Out of all these immigrants who had fought in the 195 00:11:06,950 --> 00:11:09,670 Speaker 1: Civil War, 10,000 joined the Finians after the war ended 196 00:11:09,690 --> 00:11:09,949 Speaker 1: in 1865. 197 00:11:09,929 --> 00:11:10,849 Speaker 2: That's the U.S. Civil War. 198 00:11:14,320 --> 00:11:17,840 Speaker 1: Under the leadership of a brigadier general, Thomas William Sweeney. 199 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:21,460 Speaker 1: They also elected that government in exile, what we're talking about, 200 00:11:21,559 --> 00:11:26,679 Speaker 1: New York, and they changed their strategy. They said, instead 201 00:11:26,720 --> 00:11:33,450 Speaker 1: of just moving money and soldiers and weapons to Ireland, 202 00:11:34,050 --> 00:11:38,589 Speaker 1: let's do something else. Let's take the fight for Irish 203 00:11:38,670 --> 00:11:49,330 Speaker 1: freedom to British Canada. Here's how it came about. In 1865, 204 00:11:49,330 --> 00:11:55,290 Speaker 1: an American ship called Aaron's Hope, E-R-I-N-S, was intercepted by 205 00:11:55,330 --> 00:11:58,390 Speaker 1: the British Navy on the way to Ireland. The ship 206 00:11:58,450 --> 00:12:03,220 Speaker 1: was loaded with soldiers and ammunition bound for this planned 207 00:12:03,420 --> 00:12:07,920 Speaker 1: Finian revolt. The mission failed, and the Finian branch in 208 00:12:08,059 --> 00:12:13,160 Speaker 1: America held an emergency convention in Philadelphia. a guy named 209 00:12:13,559 --> 00:12:17,420 Speaker 1: William Randall Roberts, who was a radical firebrand, was elected 210 00:12:17,500 --> 00:12:21,460 Speaker 1: president of the Finians, and he said, let's invade the 211 00:12:21,500 --> 00:12:25,990 Speaker 1: British North American colonies of Canada. And they thought this 212 00:12:26,090 --> 00:12:28,290 Speaker 1: was maybe not a good idea. They thought it was 213 00:12:28,309 --> 00:12:31,489 Speaker 1: something they could pull off. They thought it was possible 214 00:12:31,530 --> 00:12:32,110 Speaker 1: and plausible. 215 00:12:32,130 --> 00:12:34,110 Speaker 2: Because even then, I mean, the Canadians probably had the 216 00:12:34,130 --> 00:12:38,890 Speaker 2: same reputation they have now as being pretty chill, agreeable folks, right? 217 00:12:39,830 --> 00:12:45,270 Speaker 1: It's interesting because— The Finians already had some support politically 218 00:12:45,510 --> 00:12:48,650 Speaker 1: in the U.S., and the government didn't really mess with 219 00:12:48,690 --> 00:12:52,569 Speaker 1: their meetings or gatherings and stuff. And Canada's borders were 220 00:12:52,630 --> 00:12:56,939 Speaker 1: virtually unsecured. The only guards they had were citizen volunteers. 221 00:12:57,740 --> 00:13:01,860 Speaker 1: So all these veterans who have military experience and are 222 00:13:02,140 --> 00:13:04,400 Speaker 1: armed because they were able to get this. I didn't 223 00:13:04,420 --> 00:13:06,960 Speaker 1: know this. After the Civil War, they were able to 224 00:13:07,020 --> 00:13:10,140 Speaker 1: purchase their rifles and ammo at a super deep discount. 225 00:13:10,910 --> 00:13:15,210 Speaker 1: They're like, hey, congratulations on surviving. This usually costs, you know, $ 20, 226 00:13:15,150 --> 00:13:17,829 Speaker 1: but we'll give it to you for two. 227 00:13:18,190 --> 00:13:21,810 Speaker 2: Just because of like as a reward almost for their service? 228 00:13:22,250 --> 00:13:23,110 Speaker 1: Congratulations. 229 00:13:23,190 --> 00:13:25,250 Speaker 2: You are alive. Here's a deep discount for you. That's, 230 00:13:25,290 --> 00:13:26,250 Speaker 2: you know, better than nothing, I guess. 231 00:13:26,270 --> 00:13:28,360 Speaker 1: I know the next thing you want is another gun. 232 00:13:28,380 --> 00:13:30,890 Speaker 2: Another gun and more stuff to do. That's right. And 233 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:34,720 Speaker 2: more and more people to kill and protect yourself from 234 00:13:34,780 --> 00:13:36,800 Speaker 2: being killed by. But, you know, if there was anyone 235 00:13:36,820 --> 00:13:38,640 Speaker 2: I wanted to do that with, it would be the Canadians. 236 00:13:38,720 --> 00:13:42,179 Speaker 2: But that could be entirely incorrect. That reputation could be 237 00:13:42,300 --> 00:13:46,630 Speaker 2: absolutely a fabrication and Canadians could actually be bloodthirsty killers. 238 00:13:46,910 --> 00:13:49,750 Speaker 2: But we don't really have that information here in this story. 239 00:13:50,429 --> 00:13:50,770 Speaker 3: Right. 240 00:13:50,910 --> 00:13:53,890 Speaker 2: We don't. What we do know is that the idea 241 00:13:53,970 --> 00:13:56,390 Speaker 2: for the invasion or the seeds were planted as far 242 00:13:56,429 --> 00:14:01,450 Speaker 2: back as 1865 when the Finians in the U.S. split 243 00:14:01,570 --> 00:14:05,910 Speaker 2: up into two factions. One was headed by William Roberts, 244 00:14:05,970 --> 00:14:09,150 Speaker 2: the other by a guy named John O. Mahoney. who 245 00:14:09,190 --> 00:14:11,609 Speaker 2: was a member, was one of the founding members of 246 00:14:11,650 --> 00:14:14,760 Speaker 2: the Brotherhood, right? And the Roberts wing is actually the 247 00:14:14,940 --> 00:14:20,420 Speaker 2: one that suggested doing this invasion of Canada. And here 248 00:14:20,540 --> 00:14:23,660 Speaker 2: are some of the supporting details that they put forth 249 00:14:23,820 --> 00:14:27,290 Speaker 2: as a justification for this plan. They pointed to the 250 00:14:27,330 --> 00:14:30,490 Speaker 2: fact that there were hundreds of thousands of these battle-hardened 251 00:14:31,130 --> 00:14:35,760 Speaker 2: veterans that could support this invasion. And if they did 252 00:14:35,820 --> 00:14:38,280 Speaker 2: it and timed it in the right way, it could 253 00:14:38,360 --> 00:14:42,360 Speaker 2: bring about a real revolution in Ireland if they controlled Canada. 254 00:14:42,760 --> 00:14:46,320 Speaker 1: It would also force the British government to be engaged 255 00:14:46,760 --> 00:14:51,640 Speaker 1: in two different wars separated by an ocean, which logistically 256 00:14:51,700 --> 00:14:57,440 Speaker 1: is incredibly expensive. And eventually they realized that that rebellion 257 00:14:57,460 --> 00:14:59,660 Speaker 1: they were hoping for, that revolution they were hoping for 258 00:14:59,700 --> 00:15:04,030 Speaker 1: in Ireland was not actually going to take place or 259 00:15:04,090 --> 00:15:06,980 Speaker 1: gain the momentum they wanted it to gain. They kept 260 00:15:07,050 --> 00:15:10,359 Speaker 1: with the idea of the invasion, but the goal changed. Instead, 261 00:15:10,410 --> 00:15:13,380 Speaker 1: they said, let's make sure we can engineer a border 262 00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:18,020 Speaker 1: incident between the US and Britain that will force them 263 00:15:18,200 --> 00:15:23,739 Speaker 1: into another war. And, you know, it's no secret at 264 00:15:23,780 --> 00:15:27,240 Speaker 1: this point that the US and Britain are still very 265 00:15:27,400 --> 00:15:31,660 Speaker 1: sore at one another. The British Empire heavily favored the 266 00:15:31,740 --> 00:15:35,940 Speaker 1: Confederacy during the Civil War, which is a fact that 267 00:15:35,980 --> 00:15:39,740 Speaker 1: many people are unaware of. During the war, in fact, 268 00:15:39,780 --> 00:15:44,950 Speaker 1: the British government almost granted diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy. 269 00:15:45,790 --> 00:15:50,710 Speaker 1: And this kind of tense, uncool vibe between the U.S. 270 00:15:51,010 --> 00:15:54,720 Speaker 1: and the Brits was probably not going to lead to 271 00:15:54,750 --> 00:15:59,030 Speaker 1: another full-scale war. but it did mean that the U.S. 272 00:15:59,090 --> 00:16:01,880 Speaker 1: government was certainly not going to go out of its 273 00:16:01,930 --> 00:16:06,600 Speaker 1: way to assist British forces in Canada. As a matter 274 00:16:06,620 --> 00:16:10,000 Speaker 1: of fact, we have solid proof that President Andrew Johnson 275 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,720 Speaker 1: was aware of the Finians' plan for this Irish invasion 276 00:16:13,760 --> 00:16:16,390 Speaker 1: of Canada, but he didn't really do anything to stop it. 277 00:16:16,570 --> 00:16:19,710 Speaker 1: He was kind of like Gene Wilder playing Willy Wonka 278 00:16:19,850 --> 00:16:23,489 Speaker 1: in the original and good adaptation of Charlie and the 279 00:16:23,510 --> 00:16:26,330 Speaker 1: Chocolate Factory, where he says, no, stop, help. 280 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:31,280 Speaker 2: Please. Yeah, it's true. So let's go a little deeper 281 00:16:31,460 --> 00:16:35,620 Speaker 2: into what the U.S. 's role in this whole thing was. Yeah. 282 00:16:35,660 --> 00:16:36,920 Speaker 1: Why were they OK with all of this? 283 00:16:37,140 --> 00:16:39,450 Speaker 2: So like you said before, I mean, Andrew Johnson was 284 00:16:39,550 --> 00:16:42,970 Speaker 2: clearly more or less OK with letting the Finian Brotherhood 285 00:16:43,010 --> 00:16:46,770 Speaker 2: kind of poke Britain in the eye. But he actually 286 00:16:47,490 --> 00:16:51,190 Speaker 2: had some more strategic kind of long term things to 287 00:16:51,230 --> 00:16:54,320 Speaker 2: gain here. U.S. was really deep in this idea of 288 00:16:54,380 --> 00:16:58,850 Speaker 2: manifest destiny, of expanding Europe. their territorial holdings to the West. 289 00:16:59,350 --> 00:17:05,619 Speaker 2: And the government actually participated in this planned rebellion. Johnson 290 00:17:05,780 --> 00:17:08,720 Speaker 2: met with some of the leaders of the Finians and 291 00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:13,060 Speaker 2: helped get them discounts on weapons that they sold to them. 292 00:17:13,400 --> 00:17:17,200 Speaker 2: And he gave them his backing with the understanding that 293 00:17:17,300 --> 00:17:21,040 Speaker 2: if the Irish did take over Canada, they would sort 294 00:17:21,080 --> 00:17:23,110 Speaker 2: of be in league with the United States. That would 295 00:17:23,130 --> 00:17:26,510 Speaker 2: be better than having a territory bordering our country that 296 00:17:26,570 --> 00:17:29,110 Speaker 2: was controlled by the British, who, while we were tacit 297 00:17:29,150 --> 00:17:31,950 Speaker 2: with at the time, were not, you know, fast friends. 298 00:17:31,970 --> 00:17:35,990 Speaker 2: There's a lot of, like, simmering resentments held over from, obviously, 299 00:17:36,010 --> 00:17:37,010 Speaker 2: the Revolutionary War. 300 00:17:37,350 --> 00:17:40,710 Speaker 1: Right. And even during the Civil War, at the time, 301 00:17:40,810 --> 00:17:46,390 Speaker 1: Johnson is pressing the British government to pay reparations for 302 00:17:46,670 --> 00:17:49,490 Speaker 1: different damages incurred during the Civil War for which he 303 00:17:49,560 --> 00:17:52,820 Speaker 1: feels they are responsible. And we've still, okay, back to 304 00:17:52,960 --> 00:17:57,720 Speaker 1: our two competing Finian factions. This is the Finian faction 305 00:17:57,800 --> 00:17:58,379 Speaker 1: fact check. 306 00:17:59,040 --> 00:17:59,940 Speaker 2: I got through that. All right. 307 00:18:00,300 --> 00:18:01,560 Speaker 1: Well done, sir. Thank you, sir. 308 00:18:01,640 --> 00:18:01,959 Speaker 2: Thank you. 309 00:18:02,540 --> 00:18:07,070 Speaker 1: So these two different factions launched two different operations. In 310 00:18:07,210 --> 00:18:11,929 Speaker 1: April of 1866, the O'Mahony Wing tries to seize an 311 00:18:12,150 --> 00:18:17,390 Speaker 1: island near New Brunswick. But the U.S. Navy, oddly enough, 312 00:18:17,609 --> 00:18:21,210 Speaker 1: disperses them. They had gathered in Maine, but they were 313 00:18:21,290 --> 00:18:24,149 Speaker 1: disbanded under the eyes of watchful U.S. 314 00:18:24,230 --> 00:18:24,610 Speaker 2: Troops. 315 00:18:25,410 --> 00:18:29,510 Speaker 1: No one in the federal government was super stoked about 316 00:18:29,570 --> 00:18:33,530 Speaker 1: reigning in these Finians because they thought that they might 317 00:18:33,650 --> 00:18:37,030 Speaker 1: lose the Irish vote, which was a huge voting block, right? 318 00:18:37,650 --> 00:18:40,070 Speaker 1: So as a result, the Finians were able to organize 319 00:18:40,310 --> 00:18:44,510 Speaker 1: a much larger campaign later. The other wing, the Roberts wing, 320 00:18:44,910 --> 00:18:48,000 Speaker 1: launched its attack on Canada under the command of a 321 00:18:48,060 --> 00:18:53,740 Speaker 1: Civil War veteran on June 1, 1866. General O'Neill led 322 00:18:53,760 --> 00:18:57,340 Speaker 1: a force of over 1,000 men into Canadian territory near 323 00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:02,250 Speaker 1: Fort Erie in Ontario. And initially, they had some pretty 324 00:19:02,290 --> 00:19:05,950 Speaker 1: good success. They won two battles, including the Battle of Ridgeway, 325 00:19:06,410 --> 00:19:09,570 Speaker 1: and they only had about 10 people die on their side, 326 00:19:09,690 --> 00:19:12,090 Speaker 1: same number of people dead. or around the same number 327 00:19:12,130 --> 00:19:15,490 Speaker 1: dead on the Canadian side. But what was the Battle 328 00:19:15,530 --> 00:19:18,710 Speaker 1: of Ridgeway? And why, it's funny because in our notes here, 329 00:19:18,750 --> 00:19:22,550 Speaker 1: we have it listed as the so-called Battle of Ridgeway. 330 00:19:22,650 --> 00:19:24,550 Speaker 1: Was it just too small to be a battle or 331 00:19:24,990 --> 00:19:25,470 Speaker 1: what was it? 332 00:19:25,690 --> 00:19:28,820 Speaker 2: So this conflict had several names. There was the Battle 333 00:19:28,859 --> 00:19:31,760 Speaker 2: of Lime Ridge or Limestone Ridge and of course the 334 00:19:31,780 --> 00:19:34,960 Speaker 2: Battle of Ridgeway. And this began, this conflict on the 335 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:36,719 Speaker 2: morning of June the 2nd, 1966, and it was near 336 00:19:38,440 --> 00:19:41,840 Speaker 2: a village called Ridgeway and also a town in Canada 337 00:19:42,220 --> 00:19:46,710 Speaker 2: called Fort Erie, which is now Ontario. And there were 338 00:19:46,710 --> 00:19:49,950 Speaker 2: 800 Canadian soldiers and they faced off against around the 339 00:19:50,070 --> 00:19:54,060 Speaker 2: same number, a little less actually, Finians, around 800, between 340 00:19:54,060 --> 00:19:57,420 Speaker 2: 750 and 800 Finians, who had crossed the Niagara River 341 00:19:57,859 --> 00:20:02,139 Speaker 2: from Buffalo, New York. And it's interesting because historically this 342 00:20:02,180 --> 00:20:05,420 Speaker 2: is a significant thing for Canada because it's the first 343 00:20:06,119 --> 00:20:09,420 Speaker 2: battle of the Industrial Age that was fought entirely by 344 00:20:09,700 --> 00:20:14,010 Speaker 2: by Canadians and led exclusively by Canadian troops because they 345 00:20:14,030 --> 00:20:16,330 Speaker 2: were typically part of a British offensive, right? 346 00:20:16,350 --> 00:20:18,389 Speaker 1: It's a good point. This is also the last battle 347 00:20:18,470 --> 00:20:23,580 Speaker 1: fought in Ontario against a foreign invasion force. And in 1921, 348 00:20:23,580 --> 00:20:33,040 Speaker 1: it became a national historic site. So one thing that 349 00:20:33,100 --> 00:20:35,910 Speaker 1: I think reflects well on the character of the Finians 350 00:20:35,950 --> 00:20:39,580 Speaker 1: in this conflict is that the troops were respectful of 351 00:20:39,700 --> 00:20:45,660 Speaker 1: local civilians and Canadian prisoners of war. In fact, one 352 00:20:45,740 --> 00:20:50,730 Speaker 1: Canadian soldier, Lance Corporal William Ellis, later writing about his experience, 353 00:20:50,950 --> 00:20:53,830 Speaker 1: remarked that the Finians' treatment of myself and the other 354 00:20:53,890 --> 00:20:57,250 Speaker 1: prisoners was kind and considerate in the extreme. So they've 355 00:20:57,270 --> 00:21:00,970 Speaker 1: got that contagious Canadian vibe, right? It gets into everything. 356 00:21:01,730 --> 00:21:06,720 Speaker 1: O'Neill was aware that the Canadian forces were overall, were much, 357 00:21:06,800 --> 00:21:10,530 Speaker 1: much larger than the team he had put together. And eventually, 358 00:21:10,850 --> 00:21:13,590 Speaker 1: those forces would come to bear. So on the 3rd 359 00:21:13,609 --> 00:21:16,109 Speaker 1: of June, he said, okay, we're going to take the 360 00:21:16,490 --> 00:21:18,950 Speaker 1: army back into U.S. territory, and we're going to wait 361 00:21:19,030 --> 00:21:23,970 Speaker 1: for some friendly reinforcements. But at this point, the U.S. government, 362 00:21:24,600 --> 00:21:29,280 Speaker 1: because politics is nothing if not fickle, the U.S. government said, 363 00:21:29,460 --> 00:21:32,020 Speaker 1: all right, maybe this is getting out of control. Like, 364 00:21:32,060 --> 00:21:35,500 Speaker 1: we don't like the Brits either, but... Come on, guys. 365 00:21:36,020 --> 00:21:39,470 Speaker 1: So once they got back across the border, O'Neill's army 366 00:21:39,970 --> 00:21:44,070 Speaker 1: was met by American troops who said, no, no more 367 00:21:44,130 --> 00:21:48,169 Speaker 1: crossing the border. You can't make any more attacks. And 368 00:21:48,230 --> 00:21:51,649 Speaker 1: over the next few days, the American forces broke up 369 00:21:51,760 --> 00:21:57,000 Speaker 1: the Finian army. O'Neill was even arrested and temporarily incarcerated. 370 00:21:57,140 --> 00:22:01,740 Speaker 2: Yeah, the U.S. Marshals actually swept through and did the 371 00:22:01,780 --> 00:22:05,899 Speaker 2: arresting and incarcerating in question there. There was a smaller 372 00:22:05,960 --> 00:22:12,710 Speaker 2: incursion into Canada, a smaller contingent of Finian troops. But 373 00:22:12,810 --> 00:22:17,770 Speaker 2: this was pretty much quashed as well. The second Finian 374 00:22:17,890 --> 00:22:23,210 Speaker 2: army was broken up by U.S. forces when they got 375 00:22:23,280 --> 00:22:25,639 Speaker 2: back to American soil. And by the 8th of June, 376 00:22:26,300 --> 00:22:29,420 Speaker 2: it was all over. That was it. That was it. Yeah. 377 00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:31,659 Speaker 2: Kind of ended with a whimpering. Yeah, so that's why 378 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:33,180 Speaker 2: it's a so-called battle, right? 379 00:22:33,220 --> 00:22:38,410 Speaker 1: It's more of a series of skirmishes. About 850 Finians 380 00:22:38,470 --> 00:22:39,470 Speaker 1: were captured by U.S. 381 00:22:39,530 --> 00:22:40,050 Speaker 2: Authorities. 382 00:22:40,170 --> 00:22:42,770 Speaker 1: As you have mentioned, another 100 were caught by the 383 00:22:42,810 --> 00:22:47,990 Speaker 1: Canadian militia. There was another raid, no casualties. A lot 384 00:22:48,050 --> 00:22:50,669 Speaker 1: of the reason there was no casualties, because U.S. federal 385 00:22:50,710 --> 00:22:56,040 Speaker 1: authorities had taken the Finians' guns and ammunition. And the Finians, 386 00:22:56,859 --> 00:23:01,850 Speaker 1: eventually after these failed attempts, are more or less disbanded 387 00:23:01,930 --> 00:23:06,530 Speaker 1: because the entire invasion demonstrated the futility of their strategy. 388 00:23:07,030 --> 00:23:10,500 Speaker 1: It proved that Canadian forces would fight to preserve their land, 389 00:23:10,940 --> 00:23:15,060 Speaker 1: and more importantly, they could mobilize thousands of volunteers from 390 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:19,240 Speaker 1: their population to fight for it. There wasn't much hope 391 00:23:19,300 --> 00:23:21,880 Speaker 1: that the Finians could get as many people as they 392 00:23:21,940 --> 00:23:26,190 Speaker 1: needed to first seize Canadian territory, much less hold it 393 00:23:26,470 --> 00:23:32,119 Speaker 1: against volunteer Canadian forces that far outnumbered them, And the 394 00:23:32,160 --> 00:23:36,280 Speaker 1: Finians learned that no matter what the U.S. government might 395 00:23:36,359 --> 00:23:38,700 Speaker 1: say or how it might feel about the British Empire, 396 00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:41,800 Speaker 1: they're not going to offer any real support. You know 397 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:44,180 Speaker 1: what I mean? They were kind of doing a proxy 398 00:23:44,220 --> 00:23:44,740 Speaker 1: war thing. 399 00:23:45,140 --> 00:23:51,090 Speaker 2: Exactly. That's totally true. So what happened in 1870 was 400 00:23:51,190 --> 00:23:55,879 Speaker 2: that a convention took place within the Brotherhood. And that's 401 00:23:55,950 --> 00:24:00,080 Speaker 2: when they decided to launch another attack on Canada. Because 402 00:24:00,119 --> 00:24:01,920 Speaker 2: it worked so well the first time. Let's do this. 403 00:24:02,160 --> 00:24:06,240 Speaker 2: They were resolved. And so John O'Neill was to head 404 00:24:06,320 --> 00:24:12,160 Speaker 2: up the Finian forces. And we have John Boyle. John 405 00:24:12,200 --> 00:24:16,100 Speaker 2: Boyle O'Reilly, that is, who is a journalist who is 406 00:24:16,119 --> 00:24:18,959 Speaker 2: hanging out as well. O'Reilly is the reason that we 407 00:24:19,010 --> 00:24:23,290 Speaker 2: have a lot of the juicy details from these conflicts. 408 00:24:23,940 --> 00:24:29,350 Speaker 2: And this one was particularly disastrous for the concept of 409 00:24:29,440 --> 00:24:32,480 Speaker 2: Finianism in these fair United States, right? 410 00:24:34,250 --> 00:24:39,429 Speaker 1: What's strange is that they did have an unintended benefit 411 00:24:39,770 --> 00:24:44,030 Speaker 1: for nationalism. It just wasn't Irish nationalism. Those raids in 412 00:24:44,030 --> 00:24:50,369 Speaker 1: 1866 didn't do much for Irish nationalism, patriotism, but they 413 00:24:50,410 --> 00:24:56,180 Speaker 1: became a defining moment in Canadian history. In February of 1867, 414 00:24:56,180 --> 00:25:01,180 Speaker 1: various Canadian colonies were combined into the Dominion of Canada 415 00:25:01,260 --> 00:25:05,270 Speaker 1: while some factions of Finians continued fighting. I love the 416 00:25:05,290 --> 00:25:09,110 Speaker 1: alliteration here. They clearly, if you just look at your 417 00:25:09,250 --> 00:25:13,570 Speaker 1: closest available world map, did not manage to liberate Northern 418 00:25:13,690 --> 00:25:17,909 Speaker 1: Ireland yet. A ship full of Irish-American fighters landed in 419 00:25:17,970 --> 00:25:22,450 Speaker 1: Western Ireland in May of 1867 and In 1870, there 420 00:25:22,470 --> 00:25:27,510 Speaker 1: was another Finian raid. In October 1871, a few dozen 421 00:25:27,670 --> 00:25:32,430 Speaker 1: Finians marched in Manitoba or toward Manitoba, hoping to join 422 00:25:32,450 --> 00:25:36,620 Speaker 1: some rebels. They got arrested. They just couldn't get the 423 00:25:36,780 --> 00:25:39,900 Speaker 1: leverage they need. But you have to wonder, Noel, what 424 00:25:39,920 --> 00:25:42,100 Speaker 1: do you think those guys would think of Brexit if 425 00:25:42,119 --> 00:25:45,480 Speaker 1: they heard about it now? Because Ireland proper is still 426 00:25:45,500 --> 00:25:47,520 Speaker 1: going to be a member of the European Union. 427 00:25:47,540 --> 00:25:50,060 Speaker 2: It's a good question. I mean, I think it seems 428 00:25:50,180 --> 00:25:54,000 Speaker 2: like I don't know. I mean, Brexit is more about British, 429 00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:57,619 Speaker 2: Britain for the British. And this one's sort of about Irish, 430 00:25:57,820 --> 00:26:00,600 Speaker 2: Ireland for the Irish, or like breaking away from Britain. 431 00:26:00,680 --> 00:26:03,000 Speaker 2: So I think they'd probably be into it, right? 432 00:26:03,119 --> 00:26:08,300 Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm wondering because the idea of Northern Ireland gaining 433 00:26:08,480 --> 00:26:13,900 Speaker 1: independence to retain EU status, you know, I just wonder, 434 00:26:13,960 --> 00:26:16,900 Speaker 1: these are new politics to us, but they are politics 435 00:26:16,940 --> 00:26:20,400 Speaker 1: with a long, long story. Well, Casey, I think you've 436 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:22,860 Speaker 1: spent the most time out of the three of us 437 00:26:23,060 --> 00:26:26,350 Speaker 1: in the EU. Do you have any insight on what's 438 00:26:26,369 --> 00:26:28,689 Speaker 1: going to happen? Could Brexit in a way end up 439 00:26:29,090 --> 00:26:30,230 Speaker 1: reuniting Ireland? 440 00:26:31,230 --> 00:26:34,790 Speaker 3: Reuniting or reigniting the Troubles is kind of the fear 441 00:26:35,630 --> 00:26:39,170 Speaker 3: that the kind of the very delicate piece that's been 442 00:26:39,190 --> 00:26:42,460 Speaker 3: worked out there since the height of the Troubles sounds 443 00:26:42,480 --> 00:26:44,320 Speaker 3: like it could be in jeopardy again and that that 444 00:26:44,359 --> 00:26:47,989 Speaker 3: border with Northern Ireland could become contentious and It could 445 00:26:48,030 --> 00:26:50,389 Speaker 3: be more of like, I think, a patrolled border. There 446 00:26:50,410 --> 00:26:54,010 Speaker 3: could be difficulties with like imports and exports. So it's, 447 00:26:54,630 --> 00:26:57,290 Speaker 3: I don't know, it's a very like messy and delicate situation. 448 00:26:57,350 --> 00:26:59,350 Speaker 3: From what I understand, I'm far, far, far from an 449 00:26:59,410 --> 00:27:03,320 Speaker 3: expert in that region. But that's kind. 450 00:27:03,230 --> 00:27:03,690 Speaker 2: Of what I've heard. 451 00:27:03,990 --> 00:27:08,460 Speaker 1: Casey on the case. And we want to hear your take, folks, 452 00:27:08,580 --> 00:27:11,780 Speaker 1: because one thing this show has taught us is that 453 00:27:11,880 --> 00:27:17,710 Speaker 1: history is chock full of strange events. attempts at revolution 454 00:27:17,750 --> 00:27:20,930 Speaker 1: that sort of devolve into a couple of dozen dudes 455 00:27:21,810 --> 00:27:23,310 Speaker 1: maybe with guns maybe not. 456 00:27:23,450 --> 00:27:24,889 Speaker 2: Yeah i mean hopefully with guns it makes for a 457 00:27:24,890 --> 00:27:27,190 Speaker 2: more interesting story right what. 458 00:27:27,590 --> 00:27:31,439 Speaker 1: What are your what are your weirdest invasion stories that 459 00:27:31,480 --> 00:27:34,960 Speaker 1: you've encountered locally or in your travels let us know 460 00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:36,899 Speaker 1: you can find us on instagram you can find us 461 00:27:36,960 --> 00:27:39,940 Speaker 1: on facebook you can find us on twitter we're ridiculous 462 00:27:39,960 --> 00:27:42,920 Speaker 1: historians on facebook where you can meet one of our 463 00:27:43,000 --> 00:27:45,980 Speaker 1: favorite parts of the show your fellow listeners If. 464 00:27:45,960 --> 00:27:49,030 Speaker 2: You wish, you can find me on Instagram at how 465 00:27:49,090 --> 00:27:51,270 Speaker 2: now Noel Brown, where I just, you know, do various 466 00:27:51,310 --> 00:27:53,429 Speaker 2: and sundry things around the house and a little bit 467 00:27:53,470 --> 00:27:54,830 Speaker 2: of travel, a little bit of kicking it with the 468 00:27:54,869 --> 00:27:57,010 Speaker 2: kid and going to shows and whatnot. And I think 469 00:27:57,130 --> 00:27:58,870 Speaker 2: Ben is on there as well. I am. 470 00:27:58,950 --> 00:28:02,590 Speaker 1: The rumors are true. You can find me at Ben Bullen. 471 00:28:02,609 --> 00:28:06,110 Speaker 1: You'll see me getting kicked into and out of various 472 00:28:06,190 --> 00:28:10,410 Speaker 1: places on my quest for the perfect slice of pizza. 473 00:28:10,890 --> 00:28:13,340 Speaker 1: I'm kidding. When it comes to food, I am, I'm a, 474 00:28:14,010 --> 00:28:16,830 Speaker 1: I'm a garbage fire. I'm a dumpster. Just throw food 475 00:28:16,930 --> 00:28:18,810 Speaker 1: at me. I don't need a plate. I will just, 476 00:28:18,890 --> 00:28:22,129 Speaker 1: I'll catch it and eat it. But yeah, you can 477 00:28:22,170 --> 00:28:26,310 Speaker 1: see some various ill-informed misadventures there at Ben Bolin. We 478 00:28:26,330 --> 00:28:29,550 Speaker 1: want to give a big thanks to super producer Casey 479 00:28:29,590 --> 00:28:34,500 Speaker 1: LeBouche Pegram. We want to also thank Christopher Haciotis, Yves Jeffcoat. 480 00:28:34,840 --> 00:28:37,420 Speaker 2: Gabe Lugier, our research associate, and a new addition to 481 00:28:37,460 --> 00:28:41,260 Speaker 2: the show, research pal Ryan Barish. And of course, Alex Williams, 482 00:28:41,280 --> 00:28:43,420 Speaker 2: who composed our theme. We'll see you next time, folks. 483 00:28:50,540 --> 00:28:53,320 Speaker 2: For more podcasts from iHeart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, 484 00:28:53,460 --> 00:28:56,420 Speaker 2: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.