1
00:00:03,840 --> 00:00:06,720
Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how Stuff

2
00:00:06,720 --> 00:00:13,800
Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind.

3
00:00:13,800 --> 00:00:16,840
Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. Julie,

4
00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:19,479
Speaker 1: do you ever open your third eye? Do you have

5
00:00:19,600 --> 00:00:22,639
Speaker 1: access to your third eye? Yeah? I opened up sometimes.

6
00:00:22,640 --> 00:00:25,319
Speaker 1: I'm index it. Get it a little squeaky clean. What

7
00:00:25,360 --> 00:00:29,040
Speaker 1: about you? Um, I guess it's mostly dormant, you know,

8
00:00:29,160 --> 00:00:32,199
Speaker 1: but in yoga there's a lot of talk about it,

9
00:00:32,280 --> 00:00:36,000
Speaker 1: so you know, occasionally we're talking about chakras and third eye.

10
00:00:36,080 --> 00:00:38,920
Speaker 1: So I get into that a little bit. You know.

11
00:00:39,080 --> 00:00:40,320
Speaker 1: I don't want to freak you out or anything of

12
00:00:40,320 --> 00:00:42,720
Speaker 1: but it it's kind of winking at me right now. Yeah,

13
00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:46,839
Speaker 1: it's pull sating under there. Oh, that might be a boil. Okay,

14
00:00:47,280 --> 00:00:50,400
Speaker 1: all right, So obviously we're gonna talk about the pennel

15
00:00:50,479 --> 00:00:53,760
Speaker 1: gland and it's also called the third eye. Yes, yeah,

16
00:00:53,960 --> 00:00:55,959
Speaker 1: so the third eye for for those of you who

17
00:00:55,960 --> 00:00:58,200
Speaker 1: have not been exposed to it, where we're gonna start

18
00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:02,440
Speaker 1: out with just a brief discussion about the non scientific

19
00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:07,200
Speaker 1: idea of the third eye, that being that there is this, uh,

20
00:01:07,400 --> 00:01:09,640
Speaker 1: we have the two eyes with which we see the world,

21
00:01:10,400 --> 00:01:14,320
Speaker 1: but that buried inside us. There's this third eye that

22
00:01:14,560 --> 00:01:16,400
Speaker 1: if we are too, if we open it, we can

23
00:01:16,400 --> 00:01:19,679
Speaker 1: see something that isn't there, or something that is hidden

24
00:01:19,760 --> 00:01:22,640
Speaker 1: from our normal perceptions of the world that we we

25
00:01:22,680 --> 00:01:25,800
Speaker 1: will be able to see uh, the spiritual aspects of

26
00:01:25,800 --> 00:01:27,760
Speaker 1: the world around us, or see into the future, or

27
00:01:27,880 --> 00:01:31,800
Speaker 1: see into the now. Um. It really depends on who's

28
00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:35,280
Speaker 1: doing the talking as to what a third eye actually

29
00:01:35,440 --> 00:01:38,720
Speaker 1: consists of. You see, you see various takes on this

30
00:01:38,959 --> 00:01:43,720
Speaker 1: in Hinduism. Um. If you've ever looked at any Hindu iconography,

31
00:01:43,840 --> 00:01:46,919
Speaker 1: then you've you've no doubt seen like the flaming eye

32
00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:50,880
Speaker 1: of Um, of the of Shiva, that that burns and

33
00:01:50,920 --> 00:01:54,680
Speaker 1: shoots out flames. You. If you're familiar with with with

34
00:01:54,720 --> 00:01:57,600
Speaker 1: the yoga, for instance, you probably know of the ana chakra.

35
00:01:57,680 --> 00:02:00,480
Speaker 1: This is a position supposedly positioned in the main right

36
00:02:00,480 --> 00:02:04,080
Speaker 1: behind the eyebrows center and this involves you know, future site,

37
00:02:04,080 --> 00:02:07,440
Speaker 1: clear side presence, or even occult powers depending on who

38
00:02:07,520 --> 00:02:11,000
Speaker 1: again is doing the talking. You see, uh. You see

39
00:02:11,040 --> 00:02:14,919
Speaker 1: the third eye in Kabbalah, in Taoism, in various New

40
00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:19,040
Speaker 1: Age ideas and uh. And you know even in heavy

41
00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:22,960
Speaker 1: metal lyrics from time to time as well. Also Gwin Stefanie,

42
00:02:23,880 --> 00:02:26,000
Speaker 1: well you know she used to wear the Yeah, the

43
00:02:26,040 --> 00:02:29,960
Speaker 1: bindy is a reference to to the third eye, into

44
00:02:30,040 --> 00:02:33,440
Speaker 1: the into the chakra and all that. Um. So, yeah,

45
00:02:33,440 --> 00:02:35,400
Speaker 1: anytime someone's wearing a bindy, they may not know it.

46
00:02:35,560 --> 00:02:38,400
Speaker 1: They might just be wearing it for purely uh you know,

47
00:02:39,080 --> 00:02:42,800
Speaker 1: ornamental reasons. But but there is this idea of the

48
00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:45,519
Speaker 1: third eye in that. What I think is so fascinating

49
00:02:45,520 --> 00:02:48,280
Speaker 1: about this topic is that the third eye has been

50
00:02:48,280 --> 00:02:51,280
Speaker 1: something that has been sabol symbolic to us, right, this

51
00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:54,520
Speaker 1: idea of seeing and seeing all. But really it does

52
00:02:54,639 --> 00:02:57,600
Speaker 1: have roots envision and we will talk about that via

53
00:02:57,680 --> 00:03:01,160
Speaker 1: the pineal gland. Um. So it's cool about this is

54
00:03:01,200 --> 00:03:05,280
Speaker 1: that somehow humans had sort of an inkling that this

55
00:03:05,520 --> 00:03:09,680
Speaker 1: third eye um might have actually been something within their

56
00:03:09,680 --> 00:03:12,320
Speaker 1: own brains that was giving them some sort of insight

57
00:03:12,440 --> 00:03:16,440
Speaker 1: or sensorial experience. And we'll talk more about that a bit. Yeah,

58
00:03:16,800 --> 00:03:20,000
Speaker 1: so first let's uh, let's back up just a little

59
00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:23,480
Speaker 1: bit about about the pineal gland and its history and

60
00:03:23,520 --> 00:03:27,200
Speaker 1: its connotations and associations with the idea of a third

61
00:03:27,240 --> 00:03:29,960
Speaker 1: eye and spiritual insight and all this. If you go

62
00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:32,440
Speaker 1: back in time, to around two thousand a d. You

63
00:03:32,520 --> 00:03:35,640
Speaker 1: had this man by the name of Galen, uh Greek

64
00:03:35,680 --> 00:03:38,800
Speaker 1: medical doctor philosopher, spent most of his time in Rome,

65
00:03:39,600 --> 00:03:42,280
Speaker 1: and uh he wrote on a number of things, but

66
00:03:42,320 --> 00:03:45,600
Speaker 1: he his writings dominated medical thinking like on up until

67
00:03:45,640 --> 00:03:48,680
Speaker 1: the seventeenth century. And he did discuss the pineal gland

68
00:03:48,680 --> 00:03:51,960
Speaker 1: in his eighth book UH of his anatomical work on

69
00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:55,240
Speaker 1: the usefulness of the parts of the body. And he

70
00:03:55,280 --> 00:03:57,320
Speaker 1: was really more interested in the pineal gland than than

71
00:03:57,360 --> 00:04:00,240
Speaker 1: anyone um at that time, or for you know, for

72
00:04:00,360 --> 00:04:03,720
Speaker 1: years and years afterwards. Now, this was a time when

73
00:04:04,240 --> 00:04:07,320
Speaker 1: when there there was this idea that the ventricles in

74
00:04:07,320 --> 00:04:10,760
Speaker 1: the brain flowed with something called psychic numa. And numa

75
00:04:10,960 --> 00:04:14,520
Speaker 1: is supposedly the breath of life in Stoic philosophy. It's

76
00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:19,320
Speaker 1: this uh fine vaporous substance that Galen described as the

77
00:04:19,400 --> 00:04:24,279
Speaker 1: first instrument of the soul. Okay, So imagine these uh,

78
00:04:24,360 --> 00:04:28,560
Speaker 1: these these old thinkers and UH philosophers, and you know

79
00:04:28,560 --> 00:04:30,520
Speaker 1: they're they're trying to understand out how the world works,

80
00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:35,200
Speaker 1: how the human body works. Um. There working with limited tools,

81
00:04:35,240 --> 00:04:37,520
Speaker 1: though at their disposal, and and they have only the

82
00:04:37,560 --> 00:04:40,440
Speaker 1: knowledge that came before them with which to understand it. Right.

83
00:04:41,240 --> 00:04:43,880
Speaker 1: So there they have this idea of psychic numa in

84
00:04:43,920 --> 00:04:48,360
Speaker 1: their mind and they're poking around in um the brain

85
00:04:48,480 --> 00:04:50,479
Speaker 1: of of a corpse to see what they can find

86
00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:52,920
Speaker 1: and see what seems to do what. So when when

87
00:04:52,960 --> 00:04:56,080
Speaker 1: Galen looked at the pennel and uh, and he in

88
00:04:56,160 --> 00:04:58,560
Speaker 1: his book he describes the penel and talks about its

89
00:04:58,600 --> 00:05:01,359
Speaker 1: resemblance in shape and size to nuts found in the

90
00:05:01,360 --> 00:05:03,320
Speaker 1: cones of the stone pine. And that's will we made

91
00:05:03,360 --> 00:05:07,160
Speaker 1: the name peneal pine. Uh. Think about that next time

92
00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:10,240
Speaker 1: you have pine nuts. Yeah. So he's spoking around in

93
00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:13,000
Speaker 1: the brain, finds a pineal gland, but he doesn't see

94
00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:15,800
Speaker 1: it as really involving any of this numa, any of

95
00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:19,640
Speaker 1: this spiritual stuff, because he notices that it is outside.

96
00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:22,120
Speaker 1: It's something outside of the brain. And he thinks that

97
00:05:22,160 --> 00:05:23,719
Speaker 1: the part of the brain that's going to be involved

98
00:05:23,720 --> 00:05:26,760
Speaker 1: in regulating psychic numa is gonna be uh, something that

99
00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:29,760
Speaker 1: we call the vernis supier of Sarah Belli uh in

100
00:05:29,800 --> 00:05:32,160
Speaker 1: the Sarahbellum Uh. And then he figured that was much

101
00:05:32,200 --> 00:05:35,800
Speaker 1: more proper to play, to play that role. But okay,

102
00:05:35,800 --> 00:05:38,560
Speaker 1: so after his death again, his his work continues to

103
00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:43,280
Speaker 1: remain important. Uh. In medieval texts, it is misinterpreted a

104
00:05:43,279 --> 00:05:46,119
Speaker 1: few times, and it eventually the idea that the pineal

105
00:05:46,160 --> 00:05:49,279
Speaker 1: gland is involved with the human spirit um and in

106
00:05:49,320 --> 00:05:53,320
Speaker 1: our spiritual essence resurfaces. And and that's a long run,

107
00:05:53,360 --> 00:05:56,080
Speaker 1: by the way, right up to the seventeenth century. Yeah, indeed,

108
00:05:56,120 --> 00:05:58,400
Speaker 1: I mean, you know, and certainly these classical thinkers, I

109
00:05:58,400 --> 00:06:00,360
Speaker 1: mean many of them are still we still hold them

110
00:06:00,400 --> 00:06:03,640
Speaker 1: up high today. They were, they were groundbreakers. So the

111
00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:06,160
Speaker 1: seventeenth century rolls around and we have a guy named

112
00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,560
Speaker 1: reneed to Carts who most people are familiar with, right,

113
00:06:08,560 --> 00:06:12,520
Speaker 1: because what's his famous quote? I think therefore I am yes, yeah,

114
00:06:12,960 --> 00:06:14,960
Speaker 1: easy to remember for me because it was there was

115
00:06:15,000 --> 00:06:18,440
Speaker 1: a money python song about philosophers, the Australian Philosopher's Song.

116
00:06:18,960 --> 00:06:21,320
Speaker 1: There's a really bad joke too about how a waiter

117
00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:24,200
Speaker 1: asked him if if he would like dessert and he says,

118
00:06:24,240 --> 00:06:30,000
Speaker 1: I think not, and then he kills over. That's pretty good. Um.

119
00:06:30,120 --> 00:06:33,279
Speaker 1: So reneed to Carts is, you know, primarily known for

120
00:06:33,279 --> 00:06:36,000
Speaker 1: his contributions to mathematics and philosophy, but he was also

121
00:06:36,080 --> 00:06:40,239
Speaker 1: really interested in anatomy psycho and in psychology as well,

122
00:06:40,800 --> 00:06:43,640
Speaker 1: So he ends up doing a lot of thinking about

123
00:06:44,320 --> 00:06:46,640
Speaker 1: what it is to be human and then the biological

124
00:06:46,720 --> 00:06:49,279
Speaker 1: aspect of that. And in this book, The Treaties of Man,

125
00:06:49,520 --> 00:06:53,479
Speaker 1: he describes a conceptual model of a human which consists

126
00:06:53,480 --> 00:06:57,000
Speaker 1: of two part body and soul. So the Carts works

127
00:06:57,080 --> 00:06:59,520
Speaker 1: up this theory that the pineal gland is the seat

128
00:06:59,560 --> 00:07:02,479
Speaker 1: of the sin. This communists in other words, it's the input.

129
00:07:02,560 --> 00:07:04,920
Speaker 1: It's where the input of the senses are bound into

130
00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:09,000
Speaker 1: an understanding of the world. So we see it involved

131
00:07:09,080 --> 00:07:13,000
Speaker 1: according to the deck Heart's in sensation, imagination, memory, and

132
00:07:13,120 --> 00:07:17,040
Speaker 1: uh and bodily movement. Now Deckart's theory would would go

133
00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:18,680
Speaker 1: on to be very important. A lot of people would

134
00:07:18,680 --> 00:07:20,120
Speaker 1: really take this and run with it, because it's an

135
00:07:20,120 --> 00:07:23,920
Speaker 1: important man saying some really awesome things about this little

136
00:07:24,040 --> 00:07:28,760
Speaker 1: tiny pine nut in our in our heads. However, it's

137
00:07:28,760 --> 00:07:31,320
Speaker 1: important to note that he was not really he wasn't

138
00:07:31,320 --> 00:07:35,600
Speaker 1: even really working with the best anatomical and physiological assumptions

139
00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:37,480
Speaker 1: of the time, so he's he's really kind of going

140
00:07:37,480 --> 00:07:39,960
Speaker 1: off in his own direction on this, but it continues

141
00:07:39,960 --> 00:07:42,120
Speaker 1: to be important towards the end of the nineteenth century.

142
00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:46,040
Speaker 1: You see Madam Blavatsky, the founder of theosophy, and she

143
00:07:46,120 --> 00:07:49,400
Speaker 1: really gets into the idea of the third eye um

144
00:07:49,560 --> 00:07:52,200
Speaker 1: and and and the pennel and compares it to the

145
00:07:52,200 --> 00:07:55,160
Speaker 1: eye of Shiva, and she really argues that the pennel

146
00:07:55,440 --> 00:08:01,400
Speaker 1: land is an atrophied organ of spiritual vision. Switch Again,

147
00:08:01,520 --> 00:08:03,760
Speaker 1: as we've discussed, there's this idea of this third eye

148
00:08:03,840 --> 00:08:06,040
Speaker 1: hidden inside as that allows us some sort of sight

149
00:08:06,600 --> 00:08:09,800
Speaker 1: that we have forgotten and that can on some level

150
00:08:09,920 --> 00:08:12,640
Speaker 1: be attained again. Okay, so again what I find really

151
00:08:12,680 --> 00:08:14,880
Speaker 1: interesting about that is that there are seeds of truth

152
00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,800
Speaker 1: to that in terms of the tissues of the pineal gland.

153
00:08:17,800 --> 00:08:20,160
Speaker 1: And again we'll talk about that more and more scientific terms.

154
00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:24,920
Speaker 1: But this inkling that this there's this uh sensory perception

155
00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:28,840
Speaker 1: center in the pineal gland is correct. Yeah, and you

156
00:08:28,840 --> 00:08:31,680
Speaker 1: can also get behind the idea that there is an

157
00:08:31,680 --> 00:08:34,520
Speaker 1: ancient form of sight involved in the pineal gland. Some

158
00:08:34,559 --> 00:08:36,840
Speaker 1: of the theories back that up as well, but it's

159
00:08:36,880 --> 00:08:40,520
Speaker 1: not attuned with the spirit per se. By the end

160
00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:42,480
Speaker 1: of the podcast, will come back around to an inkling

161
00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:44,760
Speaker 1: of some of those ideas, but but for the most part,

162
00:08:44,800 --> 00:08:48,080
Speaker 1: from here on in put the spiritual world behind you,

163
00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:51,560
Speaker 1: because it's all going to be about seeing an evolution.

164
00:08:52,760 --> 00:08:56,480
Speaker 1: So if we crack open the skull as uh as

165
00:08:56,520 --> 00:08:59,319
Speaker 1: Galen did uh and we take a look at the pineal,

166
00:08:59,360 --> 00:09:01,040
Speaker 1: what are we gonna see. We're gonna see a small

167
00:09:01,120 --> 00:09:03,680
Speaker 1: organ shap like a pine nut, and it's located on

168
00:09:03,720 --> 00:09:06,600
Speaker 1: the midline attached to the posterior end of the roof

169
00:09:06,679 --> 00:09:09,439
Speaker 1: of the third ventricle in the brain. Now, in a

170
00:09:09,520 --> 00:09:14,120
Speaker 1: human it's roughly a cinamater in length varies, and it

171
00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:17,760
Speaker 1: is composed of penniless sites and glial cells, and in

172
00:09:17,880 --> 00:09:22,079
Speaker 1: older animals, the apennial often contains brain sand, which are

173
00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:24,560
Speaker 1: just calcium deposits. But I do love the idea of

174
00:09:24,600 --> 00:09:30,280
Speaker 1: brain sand. Um. Yeah, it is essentially an endocrine organ, right,

175
00:09:30,440 --> 00:09:32,600
Speaker 1: But I did want to mention that when the human

176
00:09:32,600 --> 00:09:35,600
Speaker 1: embryo is in the earliest stage of development, the cells

177
00:09:35,600 --> 00:09:38,199
Speaker 1: that will form the penneil gland have the potential known

178
00:09:38,320 --> 00:09:42,640
Speaker 1: as the differential excuse me to Frenchian potential to become

179
00:09:42,760 --> 00:09:48,640
Speaker 1: I cells such as lens, epiphilial layer or retina neuron cells.

180
00:09:48,679 --> 00:09:51,000
Speaker 1: So in other words, it has all the ingredients to

181
00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:54,320
Speaker 1: make a brand new eye, but it forms into this

182
00:09:54,480 --> 00:09:59,440
Speaker 1: endocrine organ which produces the hormone melatonin. Yeah. Again, and

183
00:09:59,440 --> 00:10:02,400
Speaker 1: it is cell your level, it is astonishingly similar to

184
00:10:02,440 --> 00:10:05,880
Speaker 1: the eye um, particularly to the cellular structure of the retina.

185
00:10:06,120 --> 00:10:09,080
Speaker 1: So it's not just a thing where someone founded they're like,

186
00:10:09,200 --> 00:10:10,800
Speaker 1: it kind of looks like an eye, because it really

187
00:10:11,480 --> 00:10:14,800
Speaker 1: doesn't really look like an eye, but but at at

188
00:10:14,800 --> 00:10:17,319
Speaker 1: a cellular level. And again, uh, in early and it's

189
00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:21,880
Speaker 1: into development we see the connections to our actual eyes. Yeah,

190
00:10:21,960 --> 00:10:24,439
Speaker 1: and there's a great connection to as you say, evolution

191
00:10:24,559 --> 00:10:26,200
Speaker 1: when we look at the reason for this why this

192
00:10:26,240 --> 00:10:28,800
Speaker 1: peneon gland exists. But before we do that, let's talk

193
00:10:28,840 --> 00:10:32,200
Speaker 1: a little bit more about the melotonin um and its role,

194
00:10:32,720 --> 00:10:35,480
Speaker 1: because what we have found is that the human peneal

195
00:10:35,520 --> 00:10:38,960
Speaker 1: gland regulates the rhythm that beats out of the biological

196
00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:43,319
Speaker 1: clots of ourselves by secreting melotonin according to light stimulus

197
00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:45,280
Speaker 1: received through the eyes and from the skin as well

198
00:10:45,320 --> 00:10:48,760
Speaker 1: as other selves. So in the morning, the level of

199
00:10:48,840 --> 00:10:52,200
Speaker 1: melotonin secreted is low, in the evening it's high. And

200
00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:54,480
Speaker 1: then the benefit of exposure to natural light in the

201
00:10:54,520 --> 00:10:58,880
Speaker 1: morning is that the secretion of melotonin is curbed, enabling

202
00:10:59,040 --> 00:11:01,360
Speaker 1: the body to keep daily rhythm on track. Now, that

203
00:11:01,360 --> 00:11:04,040
Speaker 1: seems kind of straightforward and so what, but that's kind

204
00:11:04,040 --> 00:11:07,480
Speaker 1: of a big uh that's a big deal production going on. Yeah,

205
00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,880
Speaker 1: And we've talked before about the importance of melotonin and

206
00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:13,480
Speaker 1: serotonin in the human mind and the human body. I mean,

207
00:11:13,480 --> 00:11:16,720
Speaker 1: it's it has everything to do with our our biological patterns.

208
00:11:17,040 --> 00:11:20,680
Speaker 1: It had with our our our level of contentment with

209
00:11:20,760 --> 00:11:23,319
Speaker 1: the world and uh and certainly has come up in

210
00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:27,760
Speaker 1: our discussions of various uh um psychedelic properties as well. Yeah,

211
00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:30,040
Speaker 1: and if you think about the penneal gland too, it's

212
00:11:30,080 --> 00:11:32,920
Speaker 1: kind of like the control tower of the body, trying

213
00:11:32,960 --> 00:11:36,080
Speaker 1: to really sense to what degree it needs to secrete

214
00:11:36,120 --> 00:11:39,520
Speaker 1: the melotonin. Remember that it's getting these cues from skin cells,

215
00:11:39,520 --> 00:11:43,000
Speaker 1: other cells in the body um as well as the eye. Yeah,

216
00:11:43,120 --> 00:11:45,240
Speaker 1: you can think of it as a transducer, Okay. The

217
00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:49,560
Speaker 1: pennel transduces signals from the sympathetic nerve system into a

218
00:11:49,559 --> 00:11:53,439
Speaker 1: hormonal signal. So it's like, uh, you know, if you're

219
00:11:53,440 --> 00:11:57,000
Speaker 1: assembling the human body, you say, out of an Ikea kit,

220
00:11:57,800 --> 00:11:59,600
Speaker 1: and you might see the pineal in its own little

221
00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:03,080
Speaker 1: little plastic bag there, and you might well leave it

222
00:12:03,120 --> 00:12:07,079
Speaker 1: out during the confusing assembly process, but you would definitely

223
00:12:07,120 --> 00:12:09,880
Speaker 1: notice that result. That is a that is an important

224
00:12:09,920 --> 00:12:13,319
Speaker 1: little nut to screw into the finished works. That's right,

225
00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:16,640
Speaker 1: even with that tiny, little, tiny little uh what is

226
00:12:16,679 --> 00:12:19,920
Speaker 1: that supposed to be? I guess like a screwdriver, Alan

227
00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:23,120
Speaker 1: the Alan rinch looking thin. That's the thing is crazy?

228
00:12:23,520 --> 00:12:25,959
Speaker 1: Um that that has got to be the most frustrating

229
00:12:26,640 --> 00:12:29,480
Speaker 1: tool in existence. Um. I wanted to mention that in

230
00:12:29,520 --> 00:12:33,720
Speaker 1: the animals, the pineal gland is really paramount to reproductive

231
00:12:33,720 --> 00:12:36,920
Speaker 1: functions since the detection of increased light, let's say in

232
00:12:36,920 --> 00:12:39,280
Speaker 1: the spring by the peneal gland and just the secretion

233
00:12:39,320 --> 00:12:41,920
Speaker 1: of melotonin and then that sends this whole symphony of

234
00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:45,240
Speaker 1: cues to the animal's body to begin preparing for the

235
00:12:45,280 --> 00:12:47,959
Speaker 1: breeding season. So if you look at horses and sheep,

236
00:12:48,080 --> 00:12:53,400
Speaker 1: this involves a hypothalamus secreating the anterior pituitary hormones which

237
00:12:53,440 --> 00:12:56,480
Speaker 1: then essentially said out, yeah, I'm gonna say it, go

238
00:12:56,600 --> 00:12:59,560
Speaker 1: now a tropin And this is a hormone aimed at

239
00:12:59,559 --> 00:13:03,040
Speaker 1: bolstering the animals going ads and getting them ready for breeding. Yeah, yeah,

240
00:13:03,040 --> 00:13:05,240
Speaker 1: I was. I read a bit which said that when

241
00:13:05,280 --> 00:13:08,559
Speaker 1: you're breeding sheep, um, sheep, that normally breed only once

242
00:13:08,640 --> 00:13:11,720
Speaker 1: a year can be induced to into two breeding seasons

243
00:13:12,120 --> 00:13:15,599
Speaker 1: if you dose them up with melotona. Yep, exactly. And

244
00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:19,280
Speaker 1: we've seen this in examples with other animals too as well. UM,

245
00:13:20,080 --> 00:13:22,599
Speaker 1: So I wanted to mention this because I think this

246
00:13:22,720 --> 00:13:26,120
Speaker 1: is really interesting. Um, this role of milotonin. Again, we

247
00:13:26,320 --> 00:13:28,560
Speaker 1: just think of it as well that helps us to sleep,

248
00:13:28,679 --> 00:13:32,160
Speaker 1: and um, you know, have this wakefulness and not have wakefulness.

249
00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,920
Speaker 1: But I read this really very interesting study about how

250
00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:40,000
Speaker 1: malfunctioning circadian rhythm genes could be the basis for bipolar

251
00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:43,520
Speaker 1: disorder in children, many of whom are plagued with the

252
00:13:43,559 --> 00:13:46,760
Speaker 1: onset of sleep disorders at an early age. UM. And

253
00:13:46,840 --> 00:13:49,800
Speaker 1: this is really a big detail that sets bipolar disorder

254
00:13:49,880 --> 00:13:52,319
Speaker 1: apart from a d h D and kids, Um, this

255
00:13:52,480 --> 00:13:56,079
Speaker 1: sort of messed up sleep cycle or sleep disorders. R

256
00:13:56,160 --> 00:13:58,839
Speaker 1: O r N genes are expressed in the eye, brain

257
00:13:58,960 --> 00:14:01,800
Speaker 1: and pineal gland in. In a study of one hundred

258
00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:05,280
Speaker 1: and fifty two bipolar children and one hundred forty children

259
00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:09,280
Speaker 1: as a control, these children, obviously we're not bipolar or

260
00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:14,880
Speaker 1: thought to be. Psychiatrist Alexander Nicolausku of Indiana University found

261
00:14:15,040 --> 00:14:18,480
Speaker 1: four alterations to the r O r B gene that

262
00:14:18,559 --> 00:14:22,320
Speaker 1: were positively associated with being bipolar. So r O r

263
00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:24,720
Speaker 1: B expression is known to change as a function of

264
00:14:24,760 --> 00:14:27,880
Speaker 1: the circadian rhythm in some tissues, and mice without the

265
00:14:27,960 --> 00:14:32,040
Speaker 1: gene exhibit circadian rhythm abnormalities. So what they began to

266
00:14:32,120 --> 00:14:37,680
Speaker 1: see is that this this correlation with melotonum and with

267
00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:42,800
Speaker 1: disorders like this are hand in hand. And Nicolaski says

268
00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:47,000
Speaker 1: that every time we investigate some abnormality of molecular machinery

269
00:14:47,120 --> 00:14:50,000
Speaker 1: linked to the clock genes, we find an association with

270
00:14:50,320 --> 00:14:53,440
Speaker 1: bipolar disorder. So obviously there needs to be more research,

271
00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:55,880
Speaker 1: but it shows promise in the treatment and that researchers

272
00:14:55,920 --> 00:14:58,880
Speaker 1: have been on the right path and strictly regulating a

273
00:14:58,920 --> 00:15:02,680
Speaker 1: bipolar patients leap schedule to improve extreme mood cycles that

274
00:15:02,760 --> 00:15:07,080
Speaker 1: you see in bipolar disorder. Again, here's this pineal gland,

275
00:15:07,760 --> 00:15:10,240
Speaker 1: the controlled tower, but you know, trying to give out

276
00:15:10,280 --> 00:15:12,760
Speaker 1: the signals to the body. And it shows that something

277
00:15:12,880 --> 00:15:15,960
Speaker 1: like this can really sort of go awry if if

278
00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:18,120
Speaker 1: it's not all regulated. So I know what you're wondering,

279
00:15:18,200 --> 00:15:20,680
Speaker 1: where does it come from the pineal gland? How do

280
00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:22,520
Speaker 1: how do we end up with this this thing that

281
00:15:22,680 --> 00:15:25,880
Speaker 1: is in many ways and in many interpretations, a kind

282
00:15:25,920 --> 00:15:29,000
Speaker 1: of primitive eye buried in the center of our skull

283
00:15:29,120 --> 00:15:32,640
Speaker 1: without any actual um chance to glimpse the light. It

284
00:15:32,760 --> 00:15:36,480
Speaker 1: ends up being this is mere transducer. Well, it's a

285
00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,600
Speaker 1: good question, and I'm glad you asked it because because

286
00:15:39,640 --> 00:15:41,720
Speaker 1: that's what we're going to talk about you. So this

287
00:15:41,800 --> 00:15:44,360
Speaker 1: really gets down to questions of the evolution of the

288
00:15:44,440 --> 00:15:46,960
Speaker 1: human high and the evolution of sight and um. And

289
00:15:47,040 --> 00:15:51,000
Speaker 1: when you start thinking about ocular evolution, we're talking about

290
00:15:51,040 --> 00:15:54,400
Speaker 1: really old business here, like really important, like when you're

291
00:15:54,400 --> 00:15:56,360
Speaker 1: starting a business, like what are some of the first

292
00:15:56,400 --> 00:15:58,160
Speaker 1: things you have to have, right, You've got to have

293
00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:00,360
Speaker 1: you gotta have the building you had had the bad room,

294
00:16:00,560 --> 00:16:02,640
Speaker 1: and the first people you hire maybe you know you

295
00:16:02,840 --> 00:16:05,320
Speaker 1: you've you've gotta have the key people on staff before

296
00:16:05,360 --> 00:16:08,720
Speaker 1: you staff up from there. So when we're talking about

297
00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:11,240
Speaker 1: the development of the eye, we're talking about some very

298
00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:13,640
Speaker 1: old business and a lot of stuff ends up built

299
00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:15,400
Speaker 1: up around it. So it it makes sense when we

300
00:16:15,440 --> 00:16:19,280
Speaker 1: start talking about the ramifications of of melotonin levels on

301
00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:22,720
Speaker 1: all these varying levels of of of animal activity, because

302
00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:25,040
Speaker 1: it's it's route down to the to some of the

303
00:16:25,360 --> 00:16:30,800
Speaker 1: earliest development. So the eye has been around for a while.

304
00:16:30,840 --> 00:16:32,040
Speaker 1: And if you look at the eye of a human

305
00:16:32,080 --> 00:16:34,240
Speaker 1: the eye of a fish, they're not all that different.

306
00:16:34,480 --> 00:16:37,640
Speaker 1: So it goes back a long ways in evolution. But

307
00:16:37,720 --> 00:16:40,240
Speaker 1: if you go back far enough in our development, you

308
00:16:40,480 --> 00:16:45,000
Speaker 1: find a cyclops, or more specifically, you find something called

309
00:16:45,080 --> 00:16:48,080
Speaker 1: a lanceolate, and these are primitive creatures. They're still around

310
00:16:48,120 --> 00:16:51,640
Speaker 1: today and they have just one eye. Now. A couple

311
00:16:51,680 --> 00:16:54,160
Speaker 1: of the main theories about the pennial evolution come down

312
00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:58,280
Speaker 1: to this idea of a developing two eyes from one

313
00:16:58,600 --> 00:17:03,280
Speaker 1: all right, so back in the day simple organisms, one eye,

314
00:17:03,640 --> 00:17:07,280
Speaker 1: and then his evolution progresses. This eye divides into left

315
00:17:07,320 --> 00:17:11,119
Speaker 1: and right. Now this is all predicated on the primordial brain.

316
00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:14,320
Speaker 1: Like this primitive brain that's just the solid mass, that's

317
00:17:14,359 --> 00:17:16,639
Speaker 1: a big ball. It hasn't divided yet into the right

318
00:17:16,680 --> 00:17:19,680
Speaker 1: and left half spheres. So the brain divides into two

319
00:17:20,320 --> 00:17:23,439
Speaker 1: and then from one eye we get two eyes now,

320
00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:26,120
Speaker 1: and then they're there. Even the various takes on which

321
00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:28,600
Speaker 1: came first, chicken or egg? Does the brain split because

322
00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:30,840
Speaker 1: the eye splits? Are does does the eye split because

323
00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:33,680
Speaker 1: the brain splits? Um You can sort of go either

324
00:17:33,760 --> 00:17:38,200
Speaker 1: ways on that too. Particularly interesting theories that stem from that.

325
00:17:38,240 --> 00:17:42,120
Speaker 1: First of all, there's one here from Professor Masosuki Iraki

326
00:17:42,240 --> 00:17:45,879
Speaker 1: of Nara Women's University, and Professor Araki believes that the

327
00:17:46,040 --> 00:17:48,479
Speaker 1: third eye comes into being during the transition from one

328
00:17:48,560 --> 00:17:51,840
Speaker 1: eye to two. The position that iraqis describing is that

329
00:17:51,920 --> 00:17:54,760
Speaker 1: this the single eye pulls to the left and right

330
00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:58,800
Speaker 1: and uh and divided. Uh. An eye remains in the

331
00:17:58,840 --> 00:18:01,840
Speaker 1: spot where the single eye had originally been. So the

332
00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:04,160
Speaker 1: third eye then is not the third to be created,

333
00:18:04,200 --> 00:18:07,920
Speaker 1: but the first, the original. Okay, so it's uh so

334
00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:09,800
Speaker 1: we what we think of is the third eye is

335
00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:13,920
Speaker 1: essentially the tissue, the prime big primordial tissue, primordial I

336
00:18:14,200 --> 00:18:17,560
Speaker 1: really very simple. I right, that had that was able

337
00:18:17,640 --> 00:18:21,439
Speaker 1: to then sort of secrete itself back into our brains

338
00:18:21,480 --> 00:18:24,200
Speaker 1: a bit. Yeah, because we discussed with the way the

339
00:18:24,280 --> 00:18:27,960
Speaker 1: human body works. It's something doesn't just become useless overnight

340
00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:30,720
Speaker 1: and fall off of us. You know, it's stuff gets

341
00:18:30,760 --> 00:18:34,800
Speaker 1: sometimes sometimes well sometimes but but but but for for

342
00:18:34,880 --> 00:18:37,119
Speaker 1: the most part, things get tucked away, Things get to

343
00:18:37,840 --> 00:18:40,199
Speaker 1: get to get hidden in case they're used later. Our

344
00:18:40,240 --> 00:18:42,560
Speaker 1: body can be sort of a hoarder in that example.

345
00:18:43,240 --> 00:18:46,520
Speaker 1: Another theory comes to us from David Klein, PhD. And

346
00:18:46,920 --> 00:18:49,600
Speaker 1: he and he works for the Nationalist Suit of help Um.

347
00:18:49,960 --> 00:18:52,560
Speaker 1: He has this theory that it all comes down to

348
00:18:52,960 --> 00:18:57,040
Speaker 1: UM to melatonin again in the in the head, in

349
00:18:57,080 --> 00:18:59,919
Speaker 1: the brain. And then the idea here is that rough

350
00:19:00,080 --> 00:19:03,720
Speaker 1: five million years ago, the ancestors of today's animals became

351
00:19:03,720 --> 00:19:06,840
Speaker 1: dependent on melotonin as a signal of darkness, and is

352
00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:09,600
Speaker 1: the need for more and more melotonin grows, the peneal

353
00:19:09,640 --> 00:19:12,320
Speaker 1: gland develops as a structure separate from the eyes to

354
00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:16,119
Speaker 1: keep the toxic substances UM needed to make melotonin away

355
00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:19,320
Speaker 1: from sensitive eye tissue. That's because this whole process of

356
00:19:19,359 --> 00:19:23,359
Speaker 1: red option and all other chemical sort of interacting with

357
00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:26,000
Speaker 1: one another, right, and the more distance you have, the

358
00:19:26,119 --> 00:19:30,159
Speaker 1: better UM in this making of melotonin. So if you

359
00:19:30,240 --> 00:19:33,199
Speaker 1: have that distance, then you are making sure that your

360
00:19:33,240 --> 00:19:35,639
Speaker 1: eyes are not going to be affected by the chemical.

361
00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:38,680
Speaker 1: That's sort of like the really very shallow dive on that.

362
00:19:39,040 --> 00:19:40,719
Speaker 1: But I kind of feel like booths of them are

363
00:19:40,800 --> 00:19:44,960
Speaker 1: correct because if you have this you know, primitive brain

364
00:19:45,040 --> 00:19:48,560
Speaker 1: that's just a ball that then uh evolved into this

365
00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:51,120
Speaker 1: right and left hemisphere and then you've got the tissue well,

366
00:19:51,240 --> 00:19:54,159
Speaker 1: as you say, the body is really good at saying okay, hey,

367
00:19:54,200 --> 00:19:57,159
Speaker 1: you're sitting around, why don't you do something dumping some

368
00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:00,239
Speaker 1: some toxic stuff in there and some meloton and we're

369
00:20:00,240 --> 00:20:01,720
Speaker 1: not using that room for anything. And so we see

370
00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:03,760
Speaker 1: the same thing with our office here. We only have

371
00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:06,159
Speaker 1: so much room to work with. And then of an

372
00:20:06,200 --> 00:20:09,960
Speaker 1: office goes empty for too long, the video department will

373
00:20:10,040 --> 00:20:12,240
Speaker 1: move some stuff in there and start filming some some

374
00:20:12,320 --> 00:20:15,639
Speaker 1: skits and segments. The void gets filled. Yeah, um, and

375
00:20:15,760 --> 00:20:17,680
Speaker 1: then they all that you know, of course, then someone

376
00:20:18,040 --> 00:20:21,359
Speaker 1: is the control tower of the light source in all

377
00:20:21,440 --> 00:20:25,800
Speaker 1: the offices, the gland, controlling to what degree we are

378
00:20:25,840 --> 00:20:29,640
Speaker 1: exposed to um. So yeah, I think that was our earth.

379
00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:33,200
Speaker 1: I think it's so fascinating to to see how the

380
00:20:33,320 --> 00:20:35,879
Speaker 1: human body can adapt like that. Um. And not just

381
00:20:35,920 --> 00:20:38,080
Speaker 1: the human body, but if you look at the lancelot,

382
00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:42,440
Speaker 1: this is really primitive creature. How the beginnings of that show,

383
00:20:42,800 --> 00:20:47,000
Speaker 1: how this this evolvement of our eye systems and our

384
00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:49,520
Speaker 1: penny all gland all sort of came together. Yeah. Now,

385
00:20:49,640 --> 00:20:54,240
Speaker 1: when I was describing Iraqi's theory and you're imagining this

386
00:20:54,359 --> 00:20:56,400
Speaker 1: one eye in the middle of a head, I ended

387
00:20:56,440 --> 00:20:58,800
Speaker 1: up imagining a human face. Uh, well, actually your face,

388
00:20:58,840 --> 00:21:00,720
Speaker 1: since it's the one I'm looking at. Imagine an eye

389
00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:02,520
Speaker 1: in the center of your head, and then the two

390
00:21:02,600 --> 00:21:05,840
Speaker 1: eyes coming out, and then this, uh, this primordial eye receding.

391
00:21:06,400 --> 00:21:08,320
Speaker 1: So you're you may be wondering, was there ever a

392
00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:11,960
Speaker 1: time when you have three eyes? Three or at least

393
00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:17,359
Speaker 1: three ocular units on the face. And yes, we're gonna

394
00:21:18,560 --> 00:21:21,040
Speaker 1: We're glad you asked, because we're going to discuss after

395
00:21:21,119 --> 00:21:24,000
Speaker 1: this quick break. There are plenty of animals around today

396
00:21:24,040 --> 00:21:28,119
Speaker 1: which which do have they're two highly evolved eyes, and

397
00:21:28,200 --> 00:21:32,760
Speaker 1: then also this remnant eye, this uh, parietal eye, which

398
00:21:32,840 --> 00:21:42,879
Speaker 1: is very closely connected to everything we're talking about. Okay,

399
00:21:42,920 --> 00:21:47,280
Speaker 1: we're back the parietal eye. Now, if we look to

400
00:21:47,800 --> 00:21:50,639
Speaker 1: some examples in nature, we can get a fine, fine

401
00:21:51,040 --> 00:21:54,119
Speaker 1: feeling for what this parietal eye does. Yes, now we're

402
00:21:54,160 --> 00:21:55,879
Speaker 1: not again, we're not talking about You look at the

403
00:21:55,920 --> 00:21:58,040
Speaker 1: face and you see three distinct eyeballs. But if you

404
00:21:58,119 --> 00:22:01,879
Speaker 1: look at the certain lower vertebrates such as fish and lizards, um,

405
00:22:02,960 --> 00:22:07,560
Speaker 1: you'll actually see this kind of you could almost mistake

406
00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:09,840
Speaker 1: it for some sort of like gray pimple. Uh, this

407
00:22:10,080 --> 00:22:13,119
Speaker 1: this kind of gray little dot, gray little slit um

408
00:22:13,720 --> 00:22:17,760
Speaker 1: around the forehead, and that is this parietal i um.

409
00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:20,879
Speaker 1: They typically, like I said, it's a gray oval and

410
00:22:21,359 --> 00:22:24,720
Speaker 1: the animals don't actually see out of this structure like

411
00:22:24,800 --> 00:22:28,400
Speaker 1: they can't they can't look out of it like they're

412
00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:32,119
Speaker 1: they're not right then, since data is not going in

413
00:22:32,200 --> 00:22:34,120
Speaker 1: it and then forming a picture, that's what the other

414
00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:38,479
Speaker 1: eyes are doing. This either throattle I is more. It's

415
00:22:38,520 --> 00:22:42,800
Speaker 1: a it's photosensitive and it does influence circadian rhythm, but

416
00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:45,239
Speaker 1: it's unable to capture images. And it's believed that it's

417
00:22:45,240 --> 00:22:48,480
Speaker 1: sense it's light and regulates body temperature and hormonal balance.

418
00:22:49,320 --> 00:22:52,320
Speaker 1: So in a way you can think of it, and

419
00:22:52,400 --> 00:22:54,879
Speaker 1: we'll discuss this a little more here. It is an

420
00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:57,840
Speaker 1: eye that sees only one thing, and it sees what

421
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:00,960
Speaker 1: time it is. It sees where are if you can

422
00:23:01,040 --> 00:23:03,879
Speaker 1: even apply a concept like time to to an animal,

423
00:23:04,240 --> 00:23:06,600
Speaker 1: but it can see where it is in the cycle

424
00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:09,720
Speaker 1: of night and day. Yeah, And what I think it's

425
00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:12,080
Speaker 1: really cool about it is that it does have this

426
00:23:12,160 --> 00:23:16,680
Speaker 1: sense of passing of time through its pridal eye and

427
00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:19,520
Speaker 1: these two kinds of neurons, So unlike the human eye,

428
00:23:19,560 --> 00:23:22,240
Speaker 1: which makes use of five different kinds of neurons called

429
00:23:22,320 --> 00:23:26,240
Speaker 1: photoreceptors to analyze light. The parietal eye has only two,

430
00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:29,640
Speaker 1: as I said, but these two neurons help frogs, fish

431
00:23:29,680 --> 00:23:32,480
Speaker 1: and lizards figure out what time it is. Um. This

432
00:23:32,640 --> 00:23:35,119
Speaker 1: is from Seed Magazining the article The secrets in the

433
00:23:35,280 --> 00:23:39,520
Speaker 1: third eye. The comparison of the color signals now begin

434
00:23:39,720 --> 00:23:43,320
Speaker 1: at the photoreceptor rather than in the retinal neurons as

435
00:23:43,359 --> 00:23:46,280
Speaker 1: in the regular human eye. So when this happens, the

436
00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:49,880
Speaker 1: photoreceptors in the parietal I are able to give information

437
00:23:49,960 --> 00:23:52,200
Speaker 1: about the passage of time because, and this is key,

438
00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:56,480
Speaker 1: the color spectrum changes over time during the day, So

439
00:23:56,600 --> 00:23:59,520
Speaker 1: the signal that comes out of the photoreceptor is sort

440
00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:02,320
Speaker 1: of a re eat out of what time it is,

441
00:24:02,560 --> 00:24:04,240
Speaker 1: which very cool. I mean, this is sort of a

442
00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:07,399
Speaker 1: superpower that we don't possess, even if we do have

443
00:24:07,480 --> 00:24:10,720
Speaker 1: pocket watches. Pocket watches when it's like the nineteenth century. Now, Yeah,

444
00:24:10,720 --> 00:24:13,679
Speaker 1: and this parridal eyes often retained in burrowing lizards. Uh.

445
00:24:13,880 --> 00:24:15,720
Speaker 1: And the idea here is that these are animals that

446
00:24:15,840 --> 00:24:19,239
Speaker 1: are occasionally exposed to light, and the thridle eyes more

447
00:24:19,280 --> 00:24:22,800
Speaker 1: suitable photo receptor for a burrower. Right, And um, that's

448
00:24:22,800 --> 00:24:24,560
Speaker 1: why I think is really cool about these parle eyes

449
00:24:24,640 --> 00:24:27,359
Speaker 1: is that they do differ. In a paper by Gundy

450
00:24:27,480 --> 00:24:31,000
Speaker 1: and Works entitled Parietal Eye Penny on Morphology and Lizards

451
00:24:31,480 --> 00:24:35,600
Speaker 1: and It's physiological implications. Uh, they looked at seventy five

452
00:24:35,680 --> 00:24:39,679
Speaker 1: species of lizards in their parietal eyes and they found

453
00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:43,600
Speaker 1: that there were seven different morphological types. Um. Some of

454
00:24:43,680 --> 00:24:46,840
Speaker 1: these types were the lateral parietal eye, the borrowed die

455
00:24:47,040 --> 00:24:49,879
Speaker 1: eye as you mentioned, and this is my favorite, a

456
00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:53,920
Speaker 1: finger like projection that extends towards the parietal eye, so

457
00:24:54,480 --> 00:24:57,600
Speaker 1: from inside the head. Yeah. Yeah, and this actually allows

458
00:24:57,680 --> 00:25:02,360
Speaker 1: for the maximum absorption of light this sort of configuration. Yeah.

459
00:25:02,560 --> 00:25:04,920
Speaker 1: So it's like the prietal eye and the pineal gland

460
00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:07,760
Speaker 1: sort of reaching to touch each other, like uh, like

461
00:25:07,920 --> 00:25:10,919
Speaker 1: Adam and and uh and God on the Sistine Chapel. Right,

462
00:25:11,400 --> 00:25:14,520
Speaker 1: I hope someone, I really hopes someone paints that would

463
00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:18,440
Speaker 1: surely that's on the side of a van somewhere or

464
00:25:18,680 --> 00:25:20,560
Speaker 1: Alex Gray has done it. This seems like a great

465
00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:23,920
Speaker 1: Alex Gray topic right there. There's a lot of really

466
00:25:23,920 --> 00:25:26,280
Speaker 1: cool study, especially in lizards are a great way to

467
00:25:26,320 --> 00:25:28,399
Speaker 1: study the pridal eye, and they found a lot of

468
00:25:28,480 --> 00:25:31,360
Speaker 1: interesting stuff about the the evolution of of the parietal

469
00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:35,560
Speaker 1: eye and the evolutionary conjunction between invertebrate and vertebrate ways

470
00:25:35,600 --> 00:25:40,400
Speaker 1: of seeing color uh prinstance, John Hopkins University study found

471
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,840
Speaker 1: two pigments in the pridal eye of the side blotched lizard,

472
00:25:44,440 --> 00:25:48,080
Speaker 1: two different structures of protein communication. One of these is

473
00:25:48,119 --> 00:25:53,600
Speaker 1: a pigment communicated with transducent like protein called gustusin is

474
00:25:53,720 --> 00:25:56,480
Speaker 1: vertebrates us and other is a pigment that uses GO protein.

475
00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:01,040
Speaker 1: It's an invertebrate way of of seeing. So the theory

476
00:26:01,080 --> 00:26:03,520
Speaker 1: here is that early on this go protein this was

477
00:26:03,600 --> 00:26:08,040
Speaker 1: the norm, and then his evolution progresses transucent pathway developed,

478
00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:10,320
Speaker 1: and then as a and as it progresses even further,

479
00:26:10,800 --> 00:26:13,280
Speaker 1: you move up to the lateral eyes, which are actually

480
00:26:13,640 --> 00:26:16,480
Speaker 1: very highly specialized structures that are allow us to have

481
00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:19,399
Speaker 1: depth reception, and then the go pathway is dropped and

482
00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:23,400
Speaker 1: we retain only the transucent pathway. So again we see

483
00:26:25,040 --> 00:26:27,679
Speaker 1: in the parridal eye an ancient form of seeing, an

484
00:26:27,720 --> 00:26:33,040
Speaker 1: ancient way of just barely peeking out from the darkness

485
00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:37,360
Speaker 1: of consciousness into the light of the world. That's beautiful.

486
00:26:37,720 --> 00:26:41,800
Speaker 1: Well all right, so we uh, we couldn't tidy up

487
00:26:41,880 --> 00:26:46,000
Speaker 1: the rest of this podcast without making a mention of hallucinogens, right,

488
00:26:46,000 --> 00:26:49,280
Speaker 1: because if they're really heavy into them as a topic lately. Um, So,

489
00:26:49,440 --> 00:26:52,119
Speaker 1: what do hallucinogens have to do with the pineal gland

490
00:26:52,160 --> 00:26:55,479
Speaker 1: in the third eye other than people feeling like they

491
00:26:55,600 --> 00:26:58,280
Speaker 1: have tapped into them when they're on hallucinogens. Yeah, we

492
00:26:58,320 --> 00:26:59,879
Speaker 1: have a guy by the name of Rick Strassman in

493
00:27:00,080 --> 00:27:04,400
Speaker 1: d who researched the hypothetical and as yet unproven connection

494
00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:08,399
Speaker 1: between the pineal gland and the production of d MT. UH.

495
00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:10,919
Speaker 1: First he was very interested in the pineal gland, then

496
00:27:10,960 --> 00:27:14,560
Speaker 1: he got very interested in d MT. He actually performed

497
00:27:15,040 --> 00:27:18,320
Speaker 1: the first new human studies with psychedelic drugs in the

498
00:27:18,440 --> 00:27:22,760
Speaker 1: US and over twenty years back in between nine five

499
00:27:23,240 --> 00:27:25,800
Speaker 1: when he was he does about sixty volunteers with d MT.

500
00:27:26,600 --> 00:27:29,959
Speaker 1: Eventually ended up canceling the research because he grew too

501
00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:32,720
Speaker 1: concerned about the part of the negative effects that some

502
00:27:32,840 --> 00:27:36,280
Speaker 1: of these individuals were having on these trips, seeing some

503
00:27:36,440 --> 00:27:42,119
Speaker 1: frightening things, uh, lizardman, godlike beings freaking out as they

504
00:27:42,160 --> 00:27:44,600
Speaker 1: dissolve into light. That kind of thing which, as we

505
00:27:44,680 --> 00:27:48,560
Speaker 1: discussed in our Psychedelic episodes, that can certainly happen, but

506
00:27:49,080 --> 00:27:51,240
Speaker 1: he he did formulate a number of just kind of

507
00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:55,399
Speaker 1: really out their ideas. I mean from the side you

508
00:27:55,560 --> 00:27:57,320
Speaker 1: you you read what the man has written, and he's

509
00:27:57,359 --> 00:27:59,320
Speaker 1: not a complete lune or anything. I don't want to

510
00:27:59,359 --> 00:28:02,120
Speaker 1: paint him like at but he has some very far

511
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:07,040
Speaker 1: reaching ideas about what the pineal gland might consists of

512
00:28:07,160 --> 00:28:09,399
Speaker 1: and what it's doing, and and he gets into some

513
00:28:10,000 --> 00:28:13,680
Speaker 1: some really interesting territory where he's entertaining the notion that

514
00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:17,440
Speaker 1: d MT actually affects the brain's ability to receive information,

515
00:28:17,880 --> 00:28:20,640
Speaker 1: not just interpret and generate it, and that it can

516
00:28:20,720 --> 00:28:24,000
Speaker 1: potentially allow us to perceive dark matter and parallel universes.

517
00:28:24,080 --> 00:28:29,760
Speaker 1: So it's, uh, it's all very theoretical. Um, you know,

518
00:28:29,840 --> 00:28:31,920
Speaker 1: don't take that to the bank. But but I do

519
00:28:32,040 --> 00:28:34,600
Speaker 1: find it really really interesting. It is interesting. I mean,

520
00:28:34,680 --> 00:28:38,480
Speaker 1: it's certainly in an extrapolation on what Nobel laureate Julius

521
00:28:38,560 --> 00:28:42,840
Speaker 1: axel Rod found is that the brain does have naturally

522
00:28:42,960 --> 00:28:47,320
Speaker 1: occurring trace amounts um of d m T in the brain.

523
00:28:47,840 --> 00:28:49,720
Speaker 1: And then some people have taken this to say the

524
00:28:49,760 --> 00:28:54,280
Speaker 1: peneal brain is is um where it's made, and perhaps

525
00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:59,080
Speaker 1: there's some sort of um connection connection between psychosis and

526
00:28:59,280 --> 00:29:04,000
Speaker 1: even hallucine egens are I should say hallucinations. But again,

527
00:29:04,080 --> 00:29:06,680
Speaker 1: a lot of this is all unproven at this point.

528
00:29:06,880 --> 00:29:10,120
Speaker 1: We just all we know for sure is trace amounts

529
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:12,120
Speaker 1: that are naturally occurring in the brain of d M

530
00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:17,520
Speaker 1: t U d MT being this hallucinogen substance. Yeah, to

531
00:29:17,600 --> 00:29:20,440
Speaker 1: what extent are we coming back around to the same

532
00:29:20,560 --> 00:29:25,120
Speaker 1: mistake of attributing spiritual importance to this little nut in

533
00:29:25,200 --> 00:29:28,080
Speaker 1: the brain, or are we coming around to some truth

534
00:29:28,120 --> 00:29:30,680
Speaker 1: about it that it is? I mean, obviously it has

535
00:29:30,760 --> 00:29:32,720
Speaker 1: something that it has. It has stuff to do with

536
00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:34,960
Speaker 1: the way that we sense and understand the world, But

537
00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:38,600
Speaker 1: to what degree so exactly? Yeah, you know, we we

538
00:29:38,680 --> 00:29:42,719
Speaker 1: didn't talk about the third eye is being a Freemason symbol.

539
00:29:43,120 --> 00:29:46,480
Speaker 1: Oh of course, yes, the what the the name for

540
00:29:46,600 --> 00:29:48,920
Speaker 1: it at the top of the dollar the triangle with

541
00:29:49,000 --> 00:29:52,440
Speaker 1: the eye. Yeah, yeah, I mean that's the third Eye.

542
00:29:52,480 --> 00:29:54,600
Speaker 1: But whatever we've we've seen that in It's in the

543
00:29:54,720 --> 00:29:57,640
Speaker 1: US Great Seal on the dollar bill. And of course

544
00:29:57,680 --> 00:29:59,880
Speaker 1: there's a lot of conspiracy theorists who will point that

545
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:02,560
Speaker 1: Hollerabilee and say that you know, that's that's that's the

546
00:30:02,600 --> 00:30:07,880
Speaker 1: work of Freemasons. Um. But from what I understand, Ben Franklin,

547
00:30:07,920 --> 00:30:10,160
Speaker 1: who was the only Freemason who worked on the currency

548
00:30:10,240 --> 00:30:13,560
Speaker 1: at that time, proposed a design and it did not

549
00:30:13,800 --> 00:30:18,120
Speaker 1: have that third eye in it. So also, um, that

550
00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:23,200
Speaker 1: dollar bill third eye symbol was in use I think,

551
00:30:23,520 --> 00:30:27,120
Speaker 1: uh far, maybe like a decade or more before the

552
00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:29,880
Speaker 1: Freemason's even began to use it. The eye of providence,

553
00:30:30,160 --> 00:30:32,280
Speaker 1: that's right. Yeah, yeah, And actually, if you want to

554
00:30:32,320 --> 00:30:34,240
Speaker 1: know more about that, you should totally check out stuff

555
00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:36,560
Speaker 1: they don't want you to know because they do some

556
00:30:36,680 --> 00:30:38,800
Speaker 1: deep dives into that territory. And I really need to

557
00:30:38,800 --> 00:30:40,400
Speaker 1: look it up because I was not familiar with the

558
00:30:40,720 --> 00:30:43,480
Speaker 1: term I have providence to like, just a couple of

559
00:30:43,560 --> 00:30:46,600
Speaker 1: weeks ago, I was in yoga, and this is gonna

560
00:30:46,640 --> 00:30:49,520
Speaker 1: sound hippie dippy, but during Shavasna, I saw this, uh

561
00:30:49,880 --> 00:30:53,000
Speaker 1: that's when you're in rest. Yeah, I saw this, this triangle,

562
00:30:53,080 --> 00:30:56,280
Speaker 1: like a pulsating triangle. It seemed like it might be

563
00:30:56,440 --> 00:30:58,840
Speaker 1: God or something, you know, Like that was the kind

564
00:30:58,880 --> 00:31:00,880
Speaker 1: of vibe I was getting off of it. So afterwards, like, hi,

565
00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:03,240
Speaker 1: I wonder if there are any ideas out there of

566
00:31:03,320 --> 00:31:06,920
Speaker 1: like that interpret God or a divine being as like

567
00:31:07,040 --> 00:31:09,960
Speaker 1: a like a triangle, you know, like in a very

568
00:31:10,120 --> 00:31:14,280
Speaker 1: geometric like stripped down since and that was the closest

569
00:31:14,320 --> 00:31:17,080
Speaker 1: thing to find its like Shiva's that call. Yeah, so

570
00:31:17,280 --> 00:31:19,040
Speaker 1: I don't know, only the yogi you're gonna laugh at.

571
00:31:20,720 --> 00:31:22,360
Speaker 1: Oh and I should also mention that one of the

572
00:31:22,400 --> 00:31:25,080
Speaker 1: things that got me into this particular podcast is I

573
00:31:25,160 --> 00:31:28,280
Speaker 1: was thinking back to the old horror movie Um from

574
00:31:28,320 --> 00:31:31,480
Speaker 1: Beyond was based on a Lovecraft story, and that has

575
00:31:31,480 --> 00:31:33,640
Speaker 1: a lot to do with monsters with pineal glands that

576
00:31:33,760 --> 00:31:35,840
Speaker 1: end up poking out of their head and squirming around

577
00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:38,320
Speaker 1: like worms. And it's a lot of fun. Do you

578
00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:40,880
Speaker 1: have a great bog post on that, Yeah, yeah, you

579
00:31:40,920 --> 00:31:42,440
Speaker 1: can check it out. I do the Monster of the

580
00:31:42,480 --> 00:31:45,840
Speaker 1: Week deal when I have one a half time. All right, So,

581
00:31:46,080 --> 00:31:48,240
Speaker 1: speaking of having time for things, let's call the robot

582
00:31:48,320 --> 00:31:54,400
Speaker 1: over and do like a quick listener mail here. All right, Hey,

583
00:31:54,520 --> 00:31:57,120
Speaker 1: Julian Robert, this is from Valerie. I wanted to tell

584
00:31:57,160 --> 00:31:59,440
Speaker 1: you how much I enjoyed your shows on mazes and labyrinths.

585
00:31:59,520 --> 00:32:02,959
Speaker 1: Learning the rual difference between the definitions versus the use

586
00:32:02,960 --> 00:32:04,719
Speaker 1: of the words was very interesting. I'm a big fan

587
00:32:04,800 --> 00:32:07,800
Speaker 1: of etymology and love love it when it makes its

588
00:32:07,840 --> 00:32:10,840
Speaker 1: way into podcast. I'm equally terrified and enamored by mazes.

589
00:32:11,160 --> 00:32:13,479
Speaker 1: I have a better understanding of my mixed feelings. Now.

590
00:32:13,880 --> 00:32:18,720
Speaker 1: During the Labyrinth podcast, you mentioned the the Hopie Native

591
00:32:18,760 --> 00:32:21,800
Speaker 1: American tribe. I believe the name is pronounced Hopie, and

592
00:32:21,840 --> 00:32:23,640
Speaker 1: I think, guess maybe I said Hoppy or something I

593
00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:26,280
Speaker 1: think I did well, or I imagine we both did.

594
00:32:26,800 --> 00:32:28,760
Speaker 1: I'm gonna at the same time. Yes, I'm going to

595
00:32:28,800 --> 00:32:32,280
Speaker 1: share the blame. Um, And she says, says Hopie like

596
00:32:32,360 --> 00:32:34,680
Speaker 1: the garden tool and the sling for urine. Just noticed

597
00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:36,320
Speaker 1: it and thought you might want to note. I have

598
00:32:36,440 --> 00:32:38,520
Speaker 1: very much enjoyed your podcast of late. I've been trying

599
00:32:38,560 --> 00:32:41,000
Speaker 1: to do more wonder woman poses when I am not

600
00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:44,160
Speaker 1: feeling tiptop about myself. I haven't noticed if it works

601
00:32:44,240 --> 00:32:46,360
Speaker 1: just yet, but maybe I will end up with a

602
00:32:46,520 --> 00:32:50,960
Speaker 1: bit better posture valory. Alright, cool, And she's referring again

603
00:32:51,000 --> 00:32:53,040
Speaker 1: to the podcast that we did about life hacks and

604
00:32:53,360 --> 00:33:00,520
Speaker 1: how we can game your biochemistry through assuming certain postures. Yeah, walks, labyrinths.

605
00:33:00,560 --> 00:33:03,719
Speaker 1: Get yourself in the right power pose and it can

606
00:33:03,880 --> 00:33:07,880
Speaker 1: have a phenomenal effect on your life. All right, Well, um,

607
00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:09,880
Speaker 1: that's all we're gonna do for this episode. If you

608
00:33:09,920 --> 00:33:12,040
Speaker 1: would like to write an if you have any anything

609
00:33:12,120 --> 00:33:15,760
Speaker 1: to share about the pineal gland, about the privle eye,

610
00:33:16,040 --> 00:33:19,320
Speaker 1: about the third eye, uh in pine nuts, stop pine

611
00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:22,040
Speaker 1: nuts in the munching of them, let us know we'd

612
00:33:22,080 --> 00:33:25,000
Speaker 1: love to hear from you. You can find us on tumbling,

613
00:33:25,160 --> 00:33:27,160
Speaker 1: you can find us on Facebook. On both of those,

614
00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:29,720
Speaker 1: she'll find us under the name stuff to Blow Your Mind.

615
00:33:30,000 --> 00:33:32,800
Speaker 1: And on Twitter, our handle is blow the Mind and

616
00:33:33,040 --> 00:33:34,920
Speaker 1: you can drop us a line at blow the Mind

617
00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:44,440
Speaker 1: at discovery dot com for more on this and thousands

618
00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:46,840
Speaker 1: of other topics, does it how stuff works dot com