1 00:00:03,080 --> 00:00:05,960 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:05,960 --> 00:00:14,440 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,480 --> 00:00:17,400 Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Taglas and Julie. 4 00:00:17,400 --> 00:00:22,200 Speaker 1: What was to the title today's episode roller Derby micro Bio? Yes, 5 00:00:23,239 --> 00:00:24,880 Speaker 1: just like that. It's a great it's a great title. 6 00:00:24,960 --> 00:00:27,080 Speaker 1: We we put a lot of thought in disease. And 7 00:00:27,600 --> 00:00:29,360 Speaker 1: what are we talking about when we talk about roller 8 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:35,600 Speaker 1: Derby microbiome? Well, I mean we're talking about colonization really 9 00:00:36,080 --> 00:00:41,280 Speaker 1: of various microbial teams in our universities. Our universe is 10 00:00:41,320 --> 00:00:45,519 Speaker 1: meaning like on our bodies, outside of our bodies, in 11 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:51,040 Speaker 1: our workspaces, private spaces, public spaces. Yes. Now, in our 12 00:00:51,200 --> 00:00:54,520 Speaker 1: most recent episode, we talked about cubical death. We talked 13 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:57,680 Speaker 1: about our workspaces, and we touched upon the key concept 14 00:00:57,720 --> 00:01:00,240 Speaker 1: that we're really getting into here, and that's the idea 15 00:01:00,360 --> 00:01:04,440 Speaker 1: that uh, at some point there was an individual, primordial 16 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:07,959 Speaker 1: office worker, if you will get mythic here and yes, 17 00:01:08,440 --> 00:01:12,520 Speaker 1: and uh and we'll call uh, we'll call him Adam. 18 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:13,920 Speaker 1: All right, I was gonna say, whyn't we go with 19 00:01:13,959 --> 00:01:18,560 Speaker 1: the eve, we go with the MicroB We'll go with Adam. Andy? 20 00:01:18,680 --> 00:01:21,000 Speaker 1: How about that? Yeah, so Adam and Ever out in 21 00:01:21,040 --> 00:01:23,039 Speaker 1: the in the paradise, and and they have a lot 22 00:01:23,080 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: of work to do because God has tasked them with 23 00:01:26,760 --> 00:01:29,399 Speaker 1: working up all these Excel spreadsheets about what all the 24 00:01:29,440 --> 00:01:31,760 Speaker 1: animals are gonna be named. They have they have to 25 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:34,280 Speaker 1: put in a budget request, a lot of work to 26 00:01:34,280 --> 00:01:36,319 Speaker 1: get done. They have to make goals for the coming 27 00:01:36,319 --> 00:01:39,360 Speaker 1: fiscal year. And uh, they're just out there in the 28 00:01:39,360 --> 00:01:42,480 Speaker 1: midst of all this nature. Mosquitoes are coming up to them. 29 00:01:42,880 --> 00:01:45,960 Speaker 1: Unnamed animals are coming up and wanting to be named. 30 00:01:46,360 --> 00:01:49,840 Speaker 1: There's a serpent just talking NonStop about some tree. What 31 00:01:49,880 --> 00:01:51,720 Speaker 1: are they gonna do? They're like, we gotta get out 32 00:01:51,720 --> 00:01:53,280 Speaker 1: of this nature. So how do I get out of 33 00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:56,000 Speaker 1: this nature? Out of all this disturbing nature that's messing 34 00:01:56,040 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 1: with my vibe, that's potentially making me sneeze or itch. 35 00:01:59,440 --> 00:02:02,160 Speaker 1: I need to create an artificial world in which I 36 00:02:02,200 --> 00:02:05,080 Speaker 1: can work, when I can shut everything out, A nice 37 00:02:05,160 --> 00:02:08,240 Speaker 1: clean space and indoor space that will be my office, 38 00:02:08,919 --> 00:02:13,440 Speaker 1: a true human habitat. Yes, and fast forward here we 39 00:02:13,520 --> 00:02:15,960 Speaker 1: are now, I mean we we do not live out 40 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:17,920 Speaker 1: in nature anymore, at least most of us do not. 41 00:02:18,160 --> 00:02:22,240 Speaker 1: Righte We have some sort of structure around us, and 42 00:02:22,320 --> 00:02:26,280 Speaker 1: therefore we have created our own little microbiomes in these 43 00:02:26,320 --> 00:02:29,320 Speaker 1: buildings that we dwell in. You know, I'm realizing now 44 00:02:29,400 --> 00:02:32,000 Speaker 1: I should have gone with Sophia as the as the 45 00:02:32,120 --> 00:02:34,000 Speaker 1: name of our mythical office worker, because I would have 46 00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:37,680 Speaker 1: gone into the gnostic idea that Sophia, from a primary 47 00:02:37,720 --> 00:02:42,919 Speaker 1: ideal universe falls and creates ultimately creates a flawed universe 48 00:02:42,919 --> 00:02:44,960 Speaker 1: in which we all reside now, because that's sort of 49 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:48,399 Speaker 1: what any kind of indoor office space is, a flawed 50 00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:53,200 Speaker 1: version of the more ideal environment that exists outside these walls. 51 00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:57,160 Speaker 1: And of course we're talking today not just about the 52 00:02:57,200 --> 00:03:01,320 Speaker 1: microbiome on our bodies, but the environment that we see 53 00:03:01,360 --> 00:03:04,400 Speaker 1: around us in microbes. In fact, I invite everybody to 54 00:03:04,440 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 1: put on their micro biome vision or their goggles and 55 00:03:08,680 --> 00:03:13,120 Speaker 1: begin to imagine a world that comes alive just in germs. Right. 56 00:03:13,160 --> 00:03:16,239 Speaker 1: So look around you on the walls. There are various 57 00:03:16,639 --> 00:03:20,959 Speaker 1: species of microbes. They're they're on your feet, on your 58 00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:24,560 Speaker 1: on your desk surface, on your food. It's everything is 59 00:03:24,600 --> 00:03:27,400 Speaker 1: teeming with microbes. Yeah, it's it's pretty much like that 60 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:30,400 Speaker 1: old Saturday Night Live skit where they had the fecal 61 00:03:30,480 --> 00:03:32,640 Speaker 1: vision goggles that they would put on and they would 62 00:03:32,639 --> 00:03:37,320 Speaker 1: see growing gen green substance wherever a fecal matter was present. 63 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:40,760 Speaker 1: And it's just a horror show because the individual wearing 64 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:43,440 Speaker 1: and I think it was Meadows, is just seeing just 65 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:46,000 Speaker 1: like green stuff all over people's hands and faces, all 66 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:49,760 Speaker 1: over a baby, all over the walls. It's just grim. 67 00:03:49,800 --> 00:03:54,680 Speaker 1: It's true. According to Stanford microbiologist Stanley Falco, the world 68 00:03:54,800 --> 00:03:57,760 Speaker 1: is covered in a fine patina of feces, and we 69 00:03:57,760 --> 00:03:59,760 Speaker 1: need to start thinking about that because really that is 70 00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:04,080 Speaker 1: in forming to some degree our measures of health. So 71 00:04:04,200 --> 00:04:06,240 Speaker 1: when I talk about that our health and our microbiome, 72 00:04:06,280 --> 00:04:09,160 Speaker 1: we should probably do a quick overview of what a 73 00:04:09,240 --> 00:04:11,800 Speaker 1: microbiome is. I know we've talked about it before, but 74 00:04:12,080 --> 00:04:15,120 Speaker 1: how it affects us because this is a huge field 75 00:04:15,680 --> 00:04:18,640 Speaker 1: um that is growing that that's giving us a ton 76 00:04:18,720 --> 00:04:21,040 Speaker 1: of information about how we operate in the world based 77 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:23,200 Speaker 1: on these little critters around us. Yeah. I mean it 78 00:04:23,200 --> 00:04:27,239 Speaker 1: comes down to the basic principle that the human body 79 00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:31,440 Speaker 1: is not organism, but the human body is organisms living 80 00:04:31,720 --> 00:04:35,279 Speaker 1: together in some degree of unison. Yeah, and we're talking 81 00:04:35,279 --> 00:04:40,040 Speaker 1: about one trillion microbial cells. You've heard it before. You 82 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:43,479 Speaker 1: are outnumbered ten to one in terms of our own 83 00:04:43,520 --> 00:04:47,720 Speaker 1: cells versus bacterial cells. Yeah, we come into this world, 84 00:04:47,839 --> 00:04:52,360 Speaker 1: we are colonized, and we remain colonized throughout our entire lives. Yeah. 85 00:04:52,400 --> 00:04:55,000 Speaker 1: In fact, when you say we come into this world 86 00:04:55,040 --> 00:04:57,040 Speaker 1: when we are born, if we are born vaginally, that's 87 00:04:57,040 --> 00:05:00,800 Speaker 1: when we get our first slathering of these acterial cells. 88 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:03,440 Speaker 1: And these are really important because these bacterial cells helped 89 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:06,719 Speaker 1: to inform our immune systems. Yeah, we've evolved with the 90 00:05:06,760 --> 00:05:09,880 Speaker 1: set situation. So in a sense, it comes what we're 91 00:05:09,880 --> 00:05:12,880 Speaker 1: talking about. Here is a natural extrapolation of this in 92 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,520 Speaker 1: terms of our physical environments that we create. Because just 93 00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:19,880 Speaker 1: as the human body is not a situation of all, right, 94 00:05:19,920 --> 00:05:22,840 Speaker 1: here's the clean human, here's the infected human, it's also 95 00:05:22,920 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 1: not a clear cut situation of here is a clean 96 00:05:25,920 --> 00:05:29,159 Speaker 1: working environment, here is an infected one. All humans are 97 00:05:29,800 --> 00:05:33,240 Speaker 1: infected or colonized, and all spaces are colonized. Right, And 98 00:05:33,320 --> 00:05:36,719 Speaker 1: the Human Microbiome Project was trying to get a baseline 99 00:05:36,720 --> 00:05:39,160 Speaker 1: of what a normal microbiome looks like, and they still 100 00:05:39,160 --> 00:05:41,400 Speaker 1: don't have this, by the way, but this is their 101 00:05:41,440 --> 00:05:44,719 Speaker 1: first attempts to try to figure out what something might 102 00:05:44,760 --> 00:05:47,480 Speaker 1: look typically for each person. So what they did is 103 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:51,040 Speaker 1: they took two hundred scientists at eighty institutions and they 104 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:53,919 Speaker 1: sequenced the genetic material of bacteria taken from two hundred 105 00:05:53,920 --> 00:05:55,920 Speaker 1: and fifty healthy people, which by the way, they took 106 00:05:55,920 --> 00:05:59,760 Speaker 1: it from all various areas of their body um and 107 00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:03,719 Speaker 1: that yielded something like eleven thousand plus samples that they're 108 00:06:03,760 --> 00:06:06,960 Speaker 1: going through and again they're trying to figure out what 109 00:06:07,240 --> 00:06:11,279 Speaker 1: might a baseline of a normal Microme biome look like 110 00:06:11,440 --> 00:06:13,880 Speaker 1: and why does it even matter. Well, it turns out 111 00:06:13,920 --> 00:06:16,279 Speaker 1: that each human contains that the ten tho strains of 112 00:06:16,320 --> 00:06:19,320 Speaker 1: bacteria with eight million bacterial genes, and this is in 113 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:23,400 Speaker 1: contrast to twenty two human genes. So again this idea 114 00:06:23,440 --> 00:06:27,000 Speaker 1: begainst the build that there's things going on in your 115 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:30,560 Speaker 1: bacterial cells that are gaming not just your immune system 116 00:06:30,760 --> 00:06:35,039 Speaker 1: but your gut um and informing your gut about how 117 00:06:35,160 --> 00:06:37,840 Speaker 1: you feel. Right, we've talked about this before, the mind 118 00:06:37,880 --> 00:06:44,000 Speaker 1: body connection between the gut um and also um. We're 119 00:06:44,040 --> 00:06:46,320 Speaker 1: also finding out that that each person has a tailor 120 00:06:46,360 --> 00:06:52,000 Speaker 1: made combination of bacteria in their body, and bacteria differs 121 00:06:52,640 --> 00:06:54,560 Speaker 1: on your body depending on where it is, so it 122 00:06:54,560 --> 00:06:56,520 Speaker 1: could be like a rainforest in one area or the 123 00:06:56,560 --> 00:06:59,839 Speaker 1: desert in another area, So the workspace becomes a melting. 124 00:07:00,200 --> 00:07:01,640 Speaker 1: Each of us is kind of a ship from a 125 00:07:01,640 --> 00:07:05,839 Speaker 1: different nation, carrying its own mix of of individuals, ready 126 00:07:05,880 --> 00:07:09,440 Speaker 1: to colonize a new world. And then our skin falls off, 127 00:07:09,560 --> 00:07:13,600 Speaker 1: as it does in the office place. People break wind, 128 00:07:13,960 --> 00:07:17,200 Speaker 1: people's shoes fart as they walk. The pressure of your 129 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:20,440 Speaker 1: your feet and your shoes starts shooting out. So we're 130 00:07:20,280 --> 00:07:22,840 Speaker 1: we colonize the world around us with our own particular 131 00:07:24,120 --> 00:07:28,240 Speaker 1: cocktail of microbiology. And it's true, right because we we've 132 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:31,400 Speaker 1: talked about this again that the gut microbia that is 133 00:07:32,000 --> 00:07:34,720 Speaker 1: in there is specific to your diet. Right, So if 134 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:37,280 Speaker 1: you eat a lot of sushi um then and you 135 00:07:37,320 --> 00:07:40,680 Speaker 1: live in Japan, then you have a gut microbe that 136 00:07:40,720 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 1: can break down seaweed. And your that gut microbe, by 137 00:07:45,200 --> 00:07:49,680 Speaker 1: the way, adapted itself from a marine animal, and it 138 00:07:49,760 --> 00:07:53,080 Speaker 1: basically took up a sequence of that genetic code of 139 00:07:53,120 --> 00:07:56,760 Speaker 1: that marine animal and then took it unto itself to 140 00:07:56,880 --> 00:08:01,000 Speaker 1: then be able to use the sequence in your gut, 141 00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:03,600 Speaker 1: so it could also break down seaweed. And that I 142 00:08:03,600 --> 00:08:05,840 Speaker 1: think is the amazing thing is that bacteria can swap 143 00:08:05,920 --> 00:08:09,360 Speaker 1: jeans and pieces of DNA with itself, and that makes 144 00:08:09,400 --> 00:08:12,120 Speaker 1: it highly adaptable. So not only are you walking around 145 00:08:12,160 --> 00:08:14,880 Speaker 1: in your office with your own microbiome, but it's doing 146 00:08:14,960 --> 00:08:19,280 Speaker 1: things that are specific to you. And now, let's say 147 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:24,240 Speaker 1: your office is not necessarily your traditional workspace. Let's say 148 00:08:24,240 --> 00:08:28,120 Speaker 1: your office is roller Derby. Okay, what happens? Where? Where 149 00:08:28,160 --> 00:08:30,040 Speaker 1: is my desk in the roller Derby? Are you saying 150 00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:33,520 Speaker 1: I'm a roller Derby queen? You are a roller Derby queen. 151 00:08:33,559 --> 00:08:37,400 Speaker 1: What is your roller Derby name? By the way, oh um, 152 00:08:37,880 --> 00:08:39,680 Speaker 1: I like to stick with the show branding. I'll go 153 00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:43,120 Speaker 1: with Buster Stuffington. Does it need to be more lady 154 00:08:43,160 --> 00:08:48,440 Speaker 1: like Busty Stuffington? Yes, that's my roller Derby name. Okay. 155 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:50,120 Speaker 1: I was going to say Lamb to the slaughter, but 156 00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:52,280 Speaker 1: I don't know if that really like shows like hey 157 00:08:52,360 --> 00:08:55,360 Speaker 1: like in the water you or is it an individual name, 158 00:08:55,679 --> 00:08:58,920 Speaker 1: individual name, individual name. I'm going with Busty Stuffington. Okay? 159 00:08:59,080 --> 00:09:02,240 Speaker 1: All right, all right, So you're you're in your office, 160 00:09:02,280 --> 00:09:05,959 Speaker 1: which is basically like a roller Derby track. Okay, And 161 00:09:06,080 --> 00:09:08,800 Speaker 1: let's say that you're the home team. There are two 162 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:11,360 Speaker 1: other teams that are coming to compete with you in 163 00:09:11,360 --> 00:09:15,400 Speaker 1: this tournament. Okay, You've got your microbiome, and your team, 164 00:09:15,520 --> 00:09:20,280 Speaker 1: by the way, shares a similar microbiome. All right, So 165 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:23,720 Speaker 1: this is evidence that when we are grouped together in 166 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:26,360 Speaker 1: a situation, we began to share the same aspects of 167 00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:30,720 Speaker 1: the same profile of bacteria, which is interesting. Okay, Now, 168 00:09:31,840 --> 00:09:35,000 Speaker 1: if you are um about to start your game and 169 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:38,160 Speaker 1: you begin elbowing someone and you just smash into one 170 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:40,880 Speaker 1: of the opposing teams, well, what are you doing when 171 00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:43,720 Speaker 1: you come into contact with them? Well, I'm assaulting them 172 00:09:43,720 --> 00:09:47,439 Speaker 1: with my elbow bones, but I'm also colonizing them with 173 00:09:47,480 --> 00:09:50,560 Speaker 1: a little bit of skin flakes, at least skin flakes, 174 00:09:50,600 --> 00:09:54,720 Speaker 1: assuming nothing else comes off. Alright, So exactly now you're 175 00:09:54,800 --> 00:10:00,400 Speaker 1: you're swapping your bacterial cells and what it's right, I'm 176 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:02,280 Speaker 1: getting some of theirs on me as well, especially get 177 00:10:02,320 --> 00:10:05,640 Speaker 1: them right in the kiss. Right. So what researchers have found, 178 00:10:05,679 --> 00:10:08,760 Speaker 1: and this is fascinating, is that, um, not only do 179 00:10:08,880 --> 00:10:11,240 Speaker 1: you share the same microbiome or aspects of it with 180 00:10:11,360 --> 00:10:13,800 Speaker 1: your team, but by the end of that tournament, when 181 00:10:13,840 --> 00:10:16,959 Speaker 1: you get swabbed again, you're going to find out that 182 00:10:17,480 --> 00:10:22,120 Speaker 1: the other teams microbiomes that you swapped some sweat with 183 00:10:22,679 --> 00:10:27,120 Speaker 1: are now trying to colonize your microbiome. Wow, they're trying 184 00:10:27,120 --> 00:10:29,559 Speaker 1: to take you over, at least to the skin level. 185 00:10:31,080 --> 00:10:36,119 Speaker 1: And not only that, but your microbiome also has aspects 186 00:10:36,240 --> 00:10:39,440 Speaker 1: similar aspects to the roller derby that you primarily work 187 00:10:39,520 --> 00:10:42,679 Speaker 1: out of. So the opposing team is taking all of 188 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:46,960 Speaker 1: their bacteria from their roller derby hall and trying home 189 00:10:47,040 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 1: microbiome advantage in a sense. Well you you you have 190 00:10:51,160 --> 00:10:55,640 Speaker 1: the home advantage. Yeah, but they're bringing their environment with you. 191 00:10:55,920 --> 00:10:57,960 Speaker 1: So what we're talking about here is like, here's an 192 00:10:57,960 --> 00:11:01,880 Speaker 1: extreme form of let's say an office community. It is 193 00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:04,920 Speaker 1: not really an office community, but a job, you know, 194 00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:08,800 Speaker 1: per se, and they are bringing their environments with them 195 00:11:08,880 --> 00:11:11,640 Speaker 1: and they're sharing it with each other. So it becomes 196 00:11:11,640 --> 00:11:15,160 Speaker 1: a very interesting question of to what extent can we 197 00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:20,360 Speaker 1: affect each other with our microbiomes. So um I wanted 198 00:11:20,400 --> 00:11:23,520 Speaker 1: to bring up a New York Or article called Microbiomes 199 00:11:23,559 --> 00:11:26,880 Speaker 1: and Health, How we colonize each other with bacteria? Uh 200 00:11:27,200 --> 00:11:30,520 Speaker 1: Ball force our tour. He's a gastroenterologist at the University 201 00:11:30,559 --> 00:11:33,320 Speaker 1: of North Carolina at Cheple Hill, and he specializes in 202 00:11:33,320 --> 00:11:37,320 Speaker 1: inflammatory bool disease like say like crones He says that 203 00:11:37,400 --> 00:11:39,719 Speaker 1: there is a growing stack of evidence, some published, some 204 00:11:39,880 --> 00:11:43,480 Speaker 1: not that people who have lived with inflammatory boot disease 205 00:11:43,520 --> 00:11:46,920 Speaker 1: sufferers for long periods of time they have a higher 206 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:50,040 Speaker 1: rate of it than them themselves than people in the 207 00:11:50,080 --> 00:11:55,200 Speaker 1: general population. So there's this growing idea that perhaps you 208 00:11:55,240 --> 00:11:58,760 Speaker 1: could be colonized over time by someone else's gut bacteria, 209 00:11:58,840 --> 00:12:01,040 Speaker 1: especially if you're exposed to that because as we know, 210 00:12:02,320 --> 00:12:05,480 Speaker 1: if you, uh, if you flush the toilet, so the 211 00:12:05,480 --> 00:12:08,360 Speaker 1: bacteria gets aerosol ized and then shot up into the 212 00:12:08,360 --> 00:12:10,600 Speaker 1: air and then gets on surfaces, and then you can 213 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:12,959 Speaker 1: pick that up. That can that bacteria that you pick 214 00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:14,800 Speaker 1: up on your hands can go into your mouth, go 215 00:12:14,840 --> 00:12:17,520 Speaker 1: into your gut lo and behold you are and you're 216 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,640 Speaker 1: introducing another bacterium. Huh. Now I'm thinking of now with 217 00:12:21,679 --> 00:12:23,160 Speaker 1: the posters in the works in our all of our 218 00:12:23,160 --> 00:12:27,200 Speaker 1: workspaces that you know, tell you what what sexual harassment is, 219 00:12:27,240 --> 00:12:30,079 Speaker 1: and I think one of them is inappropriate touching. Does 220 00:12:30,120 --> 00:12:32,480 Speaker 1: this count as inappropriate touching because I did not ask 221 00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:36,480 Speaker 1: anyone to invade me with your microbiome and it's happening. Well, 222 00:12:36,520 --> 00:12:40,319 Speaker 1: this is that This that's interesting because then you begin, okay, 223 00:12:40,360 --> 00:12:42,960 Speaker 1: let's say we have this understanding the microbiome. That's really 224 00:12:43,280 --> 00:12:47,120 Speaker 1: like in twenty years, that's really advanced, nuanced. Do people 225 00:12:47,360 --> 00:12:52,000 Speaker 1: become hyper aware of how they interact with others? Is 226 00:12:52,040 --> 00:12:55,679 Speaker 1: it aggressive to swipe at someone that you don't know 227 00:12:55,800 --> 00:12:59,520 Speaker 1: or you're trying to like get your so you have 228 00:12:59,600 --> 00:13:02,199 Speaker 1: some sort of stomach ailment and you're trying to give 229 00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:05,839 Speaker 1: them your gut bacteria. Don't even I don't even know 230 00:13:05,880 --> 00:13:07,560 Speaker 1: what how it got in your hands in the first place, 231 00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:09,599 Speaker 1: but you know it could just be an act of 232 00:13:09,640 --> 00:13:12,600 Speaker 1: aggression or does it become like a rite of passage. 233 00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:16,160 Speaker 1: It's kind of like welcome to the family, Welcome. It's 234 00:13:16,160 --> 00:13:18,920 Speaker 1: like being blood brothers with everyone, Like like we we 235 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:21,680 Speaker 1: welcome you into this opera space, office space, and now 236 00:13:21,760 --> 00:13:24,439 Speaker 1: we shall have the ritual licking of the palms and 237 00:13:24,559 --> 00:13:26,920 Speaker 1: high fiving, so the way we may all be of 238 00:13:26,960 --> 00:13:30,000 Speaker 1: the same microbiome. Well, it's true. Just something symbolical like 239 00:13:30,040 --> 00:13:32,679 Speaker 1: a handshake becomes that much more Right you start your 240 00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:35,480 Speaker 1: first day of work and you have the handshake with people, 241 00:13:35,640 --> 00:13:37,520 Speaker 1: we should all do the cough in the hand handshake 242 00:13:37,600 --> 00:13:41,520 Speaker 1: first day, just like the solidarity. Yeah, like you might 243 00:13:41,559 --> 00:13:44,000 Speaker 1: as well say, hey, we you're gonna get colonized by 244 00:13:44,040 --> 00:13:46,520 Speaker 1: by the microbiome here at work, so just let's go 245 00:13:46,559 --> 00:13:49,720 Speaker 1: ahead and have at it. Yeah, hold for like five seconds, 246 00:13:49,720 --> 00:13:53,160 Speaker 1: just to make sure everybody gets on. Yeah, yeah, all right, 247 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:55,240 Speaker 1: We're gonna take a quick break and when we come back, 248 00:13:55,400 --> 00:14:10,640 Speaker 1: we will explore the microbiome roller Derby even more. All right, 249 00:14:10,679 --> 00:14:15,160 Speaker 1: We're back with more roller Derby microbiome. We're back, all right. 250 00:14:15,240 --> 00:14:18,200 Speaker 1: We wanted to bring up Jessica Green and something called 251 00:14:18,320 --> 00:14:22,120 Speaker 1: bio informed design because she's taken this idea, this idea 252 00:14:22,240 --> 00:14:25,320 Speaker 1: that we're not just the germs on her skin or 253 00:14:25,400 --> 00:14:28,800 Speaker 1: inside of our body, but we're also affecting our environments, 254 00:14:28,840 --> 00:14:32,360 Speaker 1: and our environments are affecting us. And she is a 255 00:14:32,440 --> 00:14:35,560 Speaker 1: biodiversity scientist and director of the Biology and the Built 256 00:14:35,640 --> 00:14:38,080 Speaker 1: Environment Center at the University of Oregon. She has a 257 00:14:38,080 --> 00:14:41,560 Speaker 1: good ted talk on this and her work really is 258 00:14:41,560 --> 00:14:44,960 Speaker 1: is trying to understand the role of the microbial ecosystems 259 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,240 Speaker 1: on human health. So she and her team decided to 260 00:14:48,320 --> 00:14:51,400 Speaker 1: study the Littlest building. This is on the campus of 261 00:14:51,440 --> 00:14:55,720 Speaker 1: the University of Oregon, and the reason why they wanted 262 00:14:55,760 --> 00:14:59,200 Speaker 1: to look at it is because it has a nice 263 00:14:59,240 --> 00:15:03,920 Speaker 1: bacterial stu in the form of classrooms, offices, and restrooms, 264 00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:06,760 Speaker 1: and so in other words, you get again that fine 265 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:09,840 Speaker 1: patina of feces in the form of restrooms. Right in 266 00:15:09,880 --> 00:15:14,640 Speaker 1: the restroom spray. You get a nice transient population of 267 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:19,160 Speaker 1: microbial colonies from students varying backgrounds. Yeah, yeah, who are 268 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:22,320 Speaker 1: trap sing in all sorts of stuff right on their feet, 269 00:15:22,560 --> 00:15:26,080 Speaker 1: on their hands that they just ate in their hair, 270 00:15:26,920 --> 00:15:31,320 Speaker 1: in your ears, you name it. And then they have 271 00:15:31,480 --> 00:15:34,080 Speaker 1: a stable population of colonies in the form of those 272 00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:38,040 Speaker 1: who dwell in the office space. So this this is 273 00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:42,320 Speaker 1: such an interesting UM project to me because they took 274 00:15:42,360 --> 00:15:44,720 Speaker 1: it and they worked with an architect and they sort 275 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:48,320 Speaker 1: of resurrected the building using computer program and then they 276 00:15:48,360 --> 00:15:51,560 Speaker 1: started working to say, okay, well if we if we 277 00:15:51,680 --> 00:15:54,280 Speaker 1: use this louver system with the windows in one part 278 00:15:54,280 --> 00:15:56,160 Speaker 1: of the building. And this louver system, if you've ever 279 00:15:56,160 --> 00:15:59,000 Speaker 1: seen them before, they're they're pretty popular like in places 280 00:15:59,080 --> 00:16:02,200 Speaker 1: like tropical places like Hawaii where you can just kind 281 00:16:02,200 --> 00:16:06,200 Speaker 1: of move these metal grates in the windows and can 282 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:08,400 Speaker 1: move them so that they all line up and they're 283 00:16:08,440 --> 00:16:11,120 Speaker 1: flat and they can keep the elements out, okay, or 284 00:16:11,200 --> 00:16:13,040 Speaker 1: you could just move them and then they would open 285 00:16:13,120 --> 00:16:15,160 Speaker 1: up a bit and you could get some real fresh 286 00:16:15,240 --> 00:16:16,800 Speaker 1: air flow in. Yeah, you do seem a lot in 287 00:16:16,800 --> 00:16:19,240 Speaker 1: Hawaii where you have more of a stable constant temperature 288 00:16:19,320 --> 00:16:21,720 Speaker 1: and you can just keep things pretty pretty nice with 289 00:16:21,840 --> 00:16:25,680 Speaker 1: just the natural breeze. Yeah, So they used this um 290 00:16:25,920 --> 00:16:29,480 Speaker 1: Sometimes they had natural airfloor airflow coming in and out, 291 00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:31,800 Speaker 1: and sometimes they closed it and then they just used 292 00:16:31,840 --> 00:16:35,040 Speaker 1: the ventilation system. And what they found is that they 293 00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:38,840 Speaker 1: were really specific microbial colonies based on where they were, 294 00:16:38,880 --> 00:16:42,960 Speaker 1: So those classrooms had a different profile than say the 295 00:16:43,040 --> 00:16:48,280 Speaker 1: offices or even the banks of elevators. And what happened 296 00:16:48,440 --> 00:16:52,040 Speaker 1: is that when they open those lovers, they found that 297 00:16:52,120 --> 00:16:56,920 Speaker 1: the microbial cloud dissipated with the introduction of fresh air. 298 00:16:56,960 --> 00:17:01,360 Speaker 1: And this became really important because man is looking at 299 00:17:01,440 --> 00:17:05,679 Speaker 1: how to best uh struct or manipulate that environment to 300 00:17:05,720 --> 00:17:10,160 Speaker 1: have a really good or healthy microbial profile for people. Yeah, 301 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:11,960 Speaker 1: it comes down to, like we we said earlier, this 302 00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:15,240 Speaker 1: is all this old, outdated idea that we're creating a 303 00:17:15,280 --> 00:17:19,000 Speaker 1: pristine indoor environment for our pristine indoor lives and that 304 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:22,399 Speaker 1: that's completely cut out from the teeming living world outside. No, 305 00:17:22,600 --> 00:17:25,880 Speaker 1: we can't have it that cut and try we're gonna 306 00:17:25,920 --> 00:17:28,600 Speaker 1: have microbes living all in our environments, but we're gonna 307 00:17:28,640 --> 00:17:31,840 Speaker 1: have a different type of environment and not necessarily and 308 00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:34,880 Speaker 1: we'll certainly the research is saying not a better one, right, 309 00:17:34,880 --> 00:17:37,640 Speaker 1: And she's she's very cautious about the research because it's 310 00:17:37,640 --> 00:17:40,200 Speaker 1: pretty early with this, a little too cautious. The interview 311 00:17:40,240 --> 00:17:41,600 Speaker 1: I was seeing that kept like kind of trying to 312 00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:44,399 Speaker 1: seed some like really mind blowing comments and she's like, 313 00:17:44,440 --> 00:17:46,920 Speaker 1: I'm not going there just yet. Research is and which 314 00:17:46,960 --> 00:17:49,880 Speaker 1: is commendable. She's she's holding back and saying that we're 315 00:17:49,920 --> 00:17:52,440 Speaker 1: working on that that's the next phase or the research 316 00:17:52,480 --> 00:17:55,200 Speaker 1: doesn't really indicate exactly what kind of take we should 317 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:57,520 Speaker 1: have on this just yet, right, because she's saying that 318 00:17:57,600 --> 00:17:59,960 Speaker 1: the next phase of their research is trying to lie 319 00:18:00,080 --> 00:18:02,760 Speaker 1: ing up to two bits of this, the environment and 320 00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:05,800 Speaker 1: the humans, the two kinds of ecosystems, and really bear 321 00:18:05,840 --> 00:18:09,320 Speaker 1: out some some research that she already has a hunch about, 322 00:18:10,080 --> 00:18:11,960 Speaker 1: but she wants to see them work together in parallel 323 00:18:11,960 --> 00:18:14,560 Speaker 1: before she says anything. And again, this is this is 324 00:18:14,600 --> 00:18:18,120 Speaker 1: sort of a new field because if this bears out 325 00:18:18,200 --> 00:18:20,200 Speaker 1: the sort of things that we think it will, then 326 00:18:20,359 --> 00:18:23,560 Speaker 1: architects will begin to consider this in design, so you're 327 00:18:23,600 --> 00:18:26,840 Speaker 1: not just gonna have a green building that has low 328 00:18:26,880 --> 00:18:29,280 Speaker 1: carbon emissions, but you're also going to have a green 329 00:18:29,320 --> 00:18:33,560 Speaker 1: building with a healthy microbiome in it. So it's it's 330 00:18:33,600 --> 00:18:36,800 Speaker 1: interesting because she she also is looking at the study 331 00:18:36,840 --> 00:18:41,840 Speaker 1: with Portland or a Portland hospital, and again it's that 332 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:49,200 Speaker 1: mechanical ventilated rooms that is showing an increase in pathogens. 333 00:18:49,240 --> 00:18:52,240 Speaker 1: So in other words, if they didn't give this this 334 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:56,760 Speaker 1: hospital access to outside air to help dissipate that microbial cloud, 335 00:18:57,119 --> 00:19:00,400 Speaker 1: then it turned out that those pathogens increased because again 336 00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:04,520 Speaker 1: you're manipulating in the environment and you're making it uh 337 00:19:04,680 --> 00:19:08,000 Speaker 1: so that these pathogens can live and actually thrive in it. 338 00:19:08,119 --> 00:19:10,600 Speaker 1: And this is a hospital setting, so that's obviously a 339 00:19:10,720 --> 00:19:12,960 Speaker 1: problem you have. You end up with your outdoor air 340 00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:14,919 Speaker 1: and then you have your indoor air, and the indoor 341 00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:17,640 Speaker 1: air is full of things as well. It's it's not 342 00:19:17,840 --> 00:19:21,280 Speaker 1: again not this pristine, clean stuff that we think it is. Uh. 343 00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:24,200 Speaker 1: They're finding that the bacterial communities and indoor environments contain 344 00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,680 Speaker 1: many taxes that are absent or rare outdoors, including again 345 00:19:27,720 --> 00:19:30,320 Speaker 1: many of those that are tidy human pathogens. So you 346 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,000 Speaker 1: have this alti artificial environment, this kind of zoo of 347 00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:38,160 Speaker 1: weird things circulating in the air. And she's saying, like, 348 00:19:38,200 --> 00:19:40,879 Speaker 1: you know, in terms of a hospital environment, it's a 349 00:19:40,920 --> 00:19:44,000 Speaker 1: little like having a weed in your your backyard and 350 00:19:44,040 --> 00:19:46,680 Speaker 1: just torching the entire backyard to get rid of the weed. 351 00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:50,080 Speaker 1: The same thing as happening in these hospital environments. And 352 00:19:50,359 --> 00:19:53,320 Speaker 1: it's important to have the outside air come in because 353 00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:57,000 Speaker 1: you know, when you have traces of the outdoors and 354 00:19:57,040 --> 00:19:59,960 Speaker 1: you have traces of say, soil come in, that's soil. 355 00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:03,960 Speaker 1: It turns out, is really important to create that profile 356 00:20:04,080 --> 00:20:07,680 Speaker 1: of what a healthy microbiome might look like. In fact, 357 00:20:07,760 --> 00:20:11,159 Speaker 1: there is a bacterium and soil called myceo bacteria and 358 00:20:11,240 --> 00:20:14,320 Speaker 1: vici that scientists at the Stage Colleges of Troy, New 359 00:20:14,359 --> 00:20:19,040 Speaker 1: York found can actually reduce anxiety and increase learning capabilities. 360 00:20:19,119 --> 00:20:23,840 Speaker 1: When yes, and of course this is in mice, but 361 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:26,240 Speaker 1: when they when they fed it to them or when 362 00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:30,359 Speaker 1: they inhaled it, yes, it increased neuron growth and it 363 00:20:30,440 --> 00:20:34,320 Speaker 1: caused the serotonin levels to increase, which reduced their anxiety. 364 00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:36,520 Speaker 1: And then this is so cool when they wanted to 365 00:20:36,560 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: test to see if it increased or enhance their learning abilities, 366 00:20:40,400 --> 00:20:45,080 Speaker 1: researcher Dorothey Matthews and her colleagues fed them this bacterium, 367 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:47,520 Speaker 1: or rather one group and then a control group, and 368 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:50,000 Speaker 1: then they let them loose on this maze. And it 369 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:52,600 Speaker 1: turned out that the group had been that had been 370 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:57,879 Speaker 1: dosed with the bacteria. Yes, although that would be for 371 00:20:57,880 --> 00:20:59,639 Speaker 1: a second era of picturing humans instead of mice. And 372 00:20:59,640 --> 00:21:02,600 Speaker 1: it was up crazy going through a maze after being 373 00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:06,280 Speaker 1: dosed with bacteria. Somehow my mind they're naked, Yes, of 374 00:21:06,359 --> 00:21:09,639 Speaker 1: course they're running naked through the maze. But those minds 375 00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:12,560 Speaker 1: that that were dosed they actually were able to run 376 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,800 Speaker 1: through twice as fast with less demonstrated anxiety behaviors as 377 00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:21,679 Speaker 1: control mice. So there's this idea again that um, some 378 00:21:21,760 --> 00:21:25,040 Speaker 1: of these bacterium or some of this bacteria is very 379 00:21:25,119 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 1: helpful to the way that our bodies respond to our 380 00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:32,080 Speaker 1: environments and actually um navigate our world. Yeah, I mean, 381 00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:34,960 Speaker 1: we all know that sunlight is good, you know, and 382 00:21:35,760 --> 00:21:38,240 Speaker 1: you want of an office space that has windows in it, 383 00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:40,040 Speaker 1: you know, you can want to get some natural sunlight, 384 00:21:40,119 --> 00:21:43,960 Speaker 1: get some of that vitamin D. But but but but again, 385 00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:45,959 Speaker 1: we all we fall into that idea that this is 386 00:21:46,040 --> 00:21:47,639 Speaker 1: this is a clean place, and we don't want a 387 00:21:47,640 --> 00:21:51,480 Speaker 1: bunch of dirt around, but we're actually smelling the dirt, 388 00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:54,760 Speaker 1: interacting with the dirt, interacting with that outside air, far 389 00:21:54,840 --> 00:21:58,200 Speaker 1: healthier for us than that so called clean air that's 390 00:21:58,240 --> 00:22:00,440 Speaker 1: coming out of that ventilation duct. Yeah. And you've studying 391 00:22:00,480 --> 00:22:03,080 Speaker 1: after study about kids who that are exposed to dirt, 392 00:22:03,560 --> 00:22:06,120 Speaker 1: particularly kids that live in rural areas, are on farms. 393 00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:09,640 Speaker 1: They have a far more robust immune system than kids 394 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:13,200 Speaker 1: who are kept in very clean and environments. And as 395 00:22:13,240 --> 00:22:15,280 Speaker 1: we you know, begin to learn more and more about 396 00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:18,160 Speaker 1: microbiome and how it is gaining us in our environment, 397 00:22:18,160 --> 00:22:21,359 Speaker 1: I think this becomes really important. And I'm very intrigued 398 00:22:21,400 --> 00:22:27,520 Speaker 1: by this idea of designing microbial environment for ourselves, particularly 399 00:22:27,560 --> 00:22:29,680 Speaker 1: in our human habitats, which are our homes and our 400 00:22:29,720 --> 00:22:32,840 Speaker 1: office spaces. Yeah, because that's really where we're leading with 401 00:22:32,840 --> 00:22:35,120 Speaker 1: all of this. I mean, that's the really the mind 402 00:22:35,160 --> 00:22:37,359 Speaker 1: blowing idea of it here, is that reaching an age 403 00:22:37,359 --> 00:22:41,160 Speaker 1: where you're designing a building, not only the structures they're 404 00:22:41,240 --> 00:22:44,159 Speaker 1: they're present in the the engineering of the building and 405 00:22:44,359 --> 00:22:46,760 Speaker 1: the look of the spaces and the movement of people 406 00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:49,679 Speaker 1: through it, but also the movement of micro bacteria through it, 407 00:22:49,680 --> 00:22:53,639 Speaker 1: the managing of the microbiome of the building almost like 408 00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:56,479 Speaker 1: it's itself a living thing, and realizing that it's an 409 00:22:56,520 --> 00:23:00,360 Speaker 1: artificial environment and finding ways to to make sure that 410 00:23:00,359 --> 00:23:02,960 Speaker 1: that skews in the positive direction instead of the negative. 411 00:23:03,359 --> 00:23:06,560 Speaker 1: You know, I would love a little beneficial bacteria to 412 00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:09,439 Speaker 1: be introduced during the winter months here in our office, 413 00:23:09,440 --> 00:23:12,520 Speaker 1: because that's when we all get sick and we don't 414 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:14,800 Speaker 1: necessarily stay home when we should, and we cough all 415 00:23:14,800 --> 00:23:17,720 Speaker 1: over everything. So it would be nice to sort of say, okay, 416 00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:19,679 Speaker 1: we're going to fog the place with some good germs, 417 00:23:20,040 --> 00:23:22,600 Speaker 1: just bringing the dirt. You know, it makes me think 418 00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:24,760 Speaker 1: of the some of the vampire myths where the vampire 419 00:23:24,840 --> 00:23:28,159 Speaker 1: needs to sleep in in its own like grave soil, 420 00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:30,879 Speaker 1: it's native grave soul. I believe that this was in 421 00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:33,919 Speaker 1: the in bron Stoker's original Dracula, but he needed he 422 00:23:33,960 --> 00:23:37,200 Speaker 1: need some of that girl Transylvanian dirt to bring it with. Yeah, 423 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:39,600 Speaker 1: So it's it's kind of like that, like maybe that's 424 00:23:39,640 --> 00:23:43,879 Speaker 1: what it is, that the vampires need the natural microbiome 425 00:23:44,160 --> 00:23:47,520 Speaker 1: that they knew in the grave. Just you know, new 426 00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,439 Speaker 1: soil and a new land is not going to do it. UM, 427 00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:52,560 Speaker 1: So in addition to our yoga room that we would 428 00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:56,760 Speaker 1: like in a meditation room, our labyrinth room, and our cafe, 429 00:23:57,600 --> 00:24:02,080 Speaker 1: Holly requested a human dog rund room as well. All right, 430 00:24:02,119 --> 00:24:06,320 Speaker 1: the human dog run room we'll need, um, I don't know, 431 00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:09,560 Speaker 1: some sort of like dirt play area, some sort of 432 00:24:09,960 --> 00:24:12,560 Speaker 1: backyard habitat. Yeah, or I guess like just like a 433 00:24:12,640 --> 00:24:15,000 Speaker 1: Roman atrium where it's just open to the elements and 434 00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:17,320 Speaker 1: it has plants growing in it and you know, a 435 00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:20,920 Speaker 1: statue of God. See when you make it all fancy. 436 00:24:21,480 --> 00:24:24,439 Speaker 1: I like it here, I am. I'm just about to, like, 437 00:24:24,960 --> 00:24:27,600 Speaker 1: you know, throwing a couple of pails for us in 438 00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:31,639 Speaker 1: the dirt. But yeah, sculptures would be nice. All right, Well, 439 00:24:31,640 --> 00:24:33,760 Speaker 1: there you have it. I think a few takeaways that 440 00:24:33,800 --> 00:24:37,440 Speaker 1: we should make here. First of all, realizing that are 441 00:24:37,480 --> 00:24:41,080 Speaker 1: the the artificiality of our indoor spaces, and how artificiality 442 00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:45,800 Speaker 1: UM is not certainly not always good. UM. Open a 443 00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:49,320 Speaker 1: window if you can breathe in that outdoor air. And 444 00:24:49,680 --> 00:24:52,040 Speaker 1: unless there's a warning that you need to stay indoors 445 00:24:52,320 --> 00:24:53,760 Speaker 1: depends on what kind of city you live in. Here 446 00:24:53,800 --> 00:24:57,119 Speaker 1: in the Atlanta we occasionally get those warnings. UM, smell 447 00:24:57,200 --> 00:25:00,000 Speaker 1: the dirt. If you haven't already, make sure you smell 448 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:02,159 Speaker 1: some dirt, smells some plants. It's gonna help you. It 449 00:25:02,240 --> 00:25:04,479 Speaker 1: may make you your brain work better, and it may 450 00:25:04,560 --> 00:25:09,280 Speaker 1: reduce anxiety. And also take note that roller Derby girls 451 00:25:09,280 --> 00:25:11,560 Speaker 1: are not just doing battle at the physical level, but 452 00:25:11,680 --> 00:25:16,040 Speaker 1: also the sell or level, the microbial level. So when 453 00:25:16,040 --> 00:25:18,400 Speaker 1: you see the next tournament you see, just know that 454 00:25:18,440 --> 00:25:23,040 Speaker 1: there's a different kind of calling and station going on. Well, 455 00:25:23,119 --> 00:25:24,879 Speaker 1: they tend to look kind of grubby out there, so 456 00:25:24,920 --> 00:25:27,360 Speaker 1: it's I mean good grubby, but you know they're sweating, 457 00:25:27,600 --> 00:25:30,720 Speaker 1: there might be a little blood. You know, makeup is 458 00:25:30,760 --> 00:25:36,080 Speaker 1: getting kind of smeared. So right now, ripe for these 459 00:25:36,080 --> 00:25:39,119 Speaker 1: sort of conditions exactly for the sort of takeover one another. 460 00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:42,879 Speaker 1: Al Right, Well, on that note, let's call over our 461 00:25:43,040 --> 00:25:45,480 Speaker 1: robot here, and let's let's go with a little listener 462 00:25:45,520 --> 00:25:49,600 Speaker 1: mail see what people have shared with us. All right, 463 00:25:49,640 --> 00:25:53,040 Speaker 1: this one comes to us from Sha. Sha writes and says, hello, 464 00:25:53,119 --> 00:25:56,040 Speaker 1: Robert and Julie. I was pursuing past episodes the other day, 465 00:25:56,040 --> 00:25:58,720 Speaker 1: and to my delight, came across the science of gremlins 466 00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:01,600 Speaker 1: and magua. I'm all so a magua lover, Uh, the 467 00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:05,600 Speaker 1: grimlins not so much, and proceeded to listen with attentionness 468 00:26:05,600 --> 00:26:08,760 Speaker 1: and gusto as I performed my household duties as I 469 00:26:08,880 --> 00:26:11,800 Speaker 1: usually do, to the tune of your wonderful voices. I 470 00:26:11,840 --> 00:26:14,400 Speaker 1: was very much enjoying the science of these fascinating creatures 471 00:26:14,520 --> 00:26:17,920 Speaker 1: until about three quarters through the podcast, you, Robert, made 472 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:20,280 Speaker 1: a grievous era and had me doubting all faith in 473 00:26:20,280 --> 00:26:23,439 Speaker 1: your scientific researchability and dedication to educating the masses with 474 00:26:23,520 --> 00:26:27,960 Speaker 1: factual information. You were discussing survival in a natural environment 475 00:26:27,960 --> 00:26:30,600 Speaker 1: and went on to say how pugs were selectively bred 476 00:26:30,640 --> 00:26:32,960 Speaker 1: to be ridiculous lap dogs and would not survive in 477 00:26:32,960 --> 00:26:36,720 Speaker 1: a natural environment. Well, I never you, sir, have obviously 478 00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:40,080 Speaker 1: failed to to really think about the design features of 479 00:26:40,119 --> 00:26:42,600 Speaker 1: the remarkable pug breed. Luckily for you, I am here 480 00:26:42,640 --> 00:26:45,879 Speaker 1: to fill you in. First. The eyes of the pug 481 00:26:45,960 --> 00:26:48,359 Speaker 1: are very big and sit almost to the side of 482 00:26:48,359 --> 00:26:50,359 Speaker 1: their cute little face. This is so that they can 483 00:26:50,359 --> 00:26:53,920 Speaker 1: see predators and pray from all angles, an essential trait 484 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:56,800 Speaker 1: for survival. The curly tale of the pug isn't just 485 00:26:56,840 --> 00:27:00,480 Speaker 1: for being adored, but can aid in stick retrieval. Uh. 486 00:27:00,520 --> 00:27:03,320 Speaker 1: They can quite easily hold onto a stick with that curl, 487 00:27:03,359 --> 00:27:06,880 Speaker 1: and therefore achieve numerous things, such as they could build 488 00:27:06,880 --> 00:27:09,760 Speaker 1: a shelter to keep them safe from the elements. Pugs 489 00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:12,560 Speaker 1: are that sophisticated. If there happen to be two pugs 490 00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:14,840 Speaker 1: holding sticks, they can rub them together to spark a fire. 491 00:27:14,920 --> 00:27:17,920 Speaker 1: It could happen also holding a stick. It makes them 492 00:27:17,920 --> 00:27:21,719 Speaker 1: look larger and more threatening, perfect rewarding off predators. My pugs, 493 00:27:21,800 --> 00:27:24,200 Speaker 1: yes I'm a pug owner, have very thick coats, which 494 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:27,000 Speaker 1: would certainly be enough installation in a milder climate, perhaps 495 00:27:27,080 --> 00:27:30,359 Speaker 1: not the Arctic, but maybe here in New Zealand. Also, 496 00:27:30,600 --> 00:27:34,000 Speaker 1: don't discount the use of a pug in a domesticated environment. 497 00:27:34,000 --> 00:27:36,280 Speaker 1: A pug will happily warm your lap all day if 498 00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:39,560 Speaker 1: needed in the winter. Well, I hope you have had 499 00:27:39,560 --> 00:27:42,120 Speaker 1: an eye opening experience, and we'll think again before making 500 00:27:42,119 --> 00:27:46,199 Speaker 1: such ignorant remarks. Yours truly, Shay. Well, there you go. 501 00:27:46,359 --> 00:27:51,040 Speaker 1: There's some there's some of nature's wondrous innovations in the 502 00:27:51,040 --> 00:27:53,600 Speaker 1: form of the pug. Um the eyes of the pug. 503 00:27:53,920 --> 00:27:55,639 Speaker 1: The eyes of the pug. I hadn't really thought about 504 00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:59,960 Speaker 1: their certainly their prey so much. Um because their prey journal. 505 00:28:00,080 --> 00:28:02,720 Speaker 1: He stays in one space, one place and squeaks when 506 00:28:02,720 --> 00:28:06,560 Speaker 1: it's poked um. But but you know, I did rag 507 00:28:06,560 --> 00:28:09,600 Speaker 1: on the pugs some in that particular podcast, and I 508 00:28:09,640 --> 00:28:12,639 Speaker 1: did have to self correct like a little like a 509 00:28:12,680 --> 00:28:15,320 Speaker 1: few weeks later when I saw a pug helper dog 510 00:28:16,240 --> 00:28:19,280 Speaker 1: on Marta on on the train going home from work, 511 00:28:19,400 --> 00:28:21,280 Speaker 1: which gave me a whole all new respect for the 512 00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:24,600 Speaker 1: pug is a useful breed and not merely a lap dog. 513 00:28:24,760 --> 00:28:26,119 Speaker 1: So I had to take a lot back. I have 514 00:28:26,160 --> 00:28:28,560 Speaker 1: a lot more respect for pugs, now, that's true. That's true. 515 00:28:28,600 --> 00:28:30,359 Speaker 1: You did bring that up, and you did say the 516 00:28:30,440 --> 00:28:33,520 Speaker 1: pug is worth my time or more worth my time. 517 00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:35,840 Speaker 1: But now I know they can build things and and 518 00:28:35,840 --> 00:28:39,320 Speaker 1: and create fire. So yeah, I mean they walk softly 519 00:28:39,320 --> 00:28:42,080 Speaker 1: and they carry big sticks. All right. Here's another one. 520 00:28:42,120 --> 00:28:44,160 Speaker 1: This one comes to us from Heather. Heather says, Hello, 521 00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:45,800 Speaker 1: I just listened to your coffee podcast and I had 522 00:28:45,840 --> 00:28:48,480 Speaker 1: to write in I'm one of those caffeine intolerant individuals. 523 00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:50,960 Speaker 1: I love coffee, but I have immediate and severe gastro 524 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:54,280 Speaker 1: intestinal results when I drink a cup. Interestingly, I used 525 00:28:54,280 --> 00:28:56,840 Speaker 1: to be able to drink coffee, tea, hot cocoas, soda, 526 00:28:57,040 --> 00:28:59,520 Speaker 1: et cetera. But in college, one night I drank way 527 00:28:59,520 --> 00:29:01,560 Speaker 1: too many ups as I was at a coffee house, 528 00:29:01,760 --> 00:29:05,560 Speaker 1: around sixteen cups of coffee. I was quote unquote coffee 529 00:29:05,600 --> 00:29:09,120 Speaker 1: drunk that night, nauseous, uh, spinning room, and had a 530 00:29:09,160 --> 00:29:11,680 Speaker 1: bad hangover the next day. I had coffee, tea and 531 00:29:11,680 --> 00:29:14,080 Speaker 1: soda after that, but started to be more sensitive to 532 00:29:14,120 --> 00:29:16,800 Speaker 1: it until I finally had to stop. Now, twenty years later, 533 00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:18,960 Speaker 1: I'm even more sensitive to it because I have stayed 534 00:29:18,960 --> 00:29:21,520 Speaker 1: away from it for so long. I can have chocolate solid, 535 00:29:21,600 --> 00:29:24,360 Speaker 1: not hot chocolate, but I have only small amounts at 536 00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:28,240 Speaker 1: a time. Thanks for the interesting podcast, Heather. You know, 537 00:29:28,440 --> 00:29:31,240 Speaker 1: I was wondering what would happen to someone if they 538 00:29:31,600 --> 00:29:34,760 Speaker 1: drank that amount, like, you know, just excess amounts. And 539 00:29:34,800 --> 00:29:37,320 Speaker 1: now you know that's I mean, because you really have 540 00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:40,280 Speaker 1: to dedicate yourself to drinking coffee all day long for that. Well, 541 00:29:40,280 --> 00:29:43,080 Speaker 1: there's a Futurama episodes where Fry drinks a hundred cups 542 00:29:43,080 --> 00:29:45,960 Speaker 1: and had a hundred cups um time stops and he's 543 00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:49,479 Speaker 1: able to move around supersed and save the day. This 544 00:29:49,520 --> 00:29:52,840 Speaker 1: reminds me there was a convergence of our coffee episode 545 00:29:52,840 --> 00:29:57,680 Speaker 1: and also our Stendelf syndrome episode we had recently. We 546 00:29:57,680 --> 00:29:59,720 Speaker 1: had a listener right in and talk about having that 547 00:30:00,200 --> 00:30:02,800 Speaker 1: Stendahl effect when they walk into I think a costco 548 00:30:04,560 --> 00:30:07,680 Speaker 1: and overwhelmed by like the size and scope of of 549 00:30:07,720 --> 00:30:11,880 Speaker 1: commercial America and it gives them like physical unease. And 550 00:30:11,880 --> 00:30:13,760 Speaker 1: then also we talked about coffee and about how it 551 00:30:13,800 --> 00:30:17,360 Speaker 1: makes that you need to uh to poop well. UM. 552 00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:19,800 Speaker 1: I recently went to a Costco for the first time, 553 00:30:19,840 --> 00:30:21,720 Speaker 1: and I had been to a Sam's Club in the past, 554 00:30:21,720 --> 00:30:23,880 Speaker 1: but I've never been to a costco UM. But my 555 00:30:23,920 --> 00:30:26,280 Speaker 1: wife recently got a membership, so we we went there 556 00:30:26,320 --> 00:30:29,680 Speaker 1: to buy some things in ridiculous bulk and UH, and 557 00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:32,160 Speaker 1: we were about halfway into the store. It's a huge space, 558 00:30:32,240 --> 00:30:36,160 Speaker 1: like enormous space with just it's overwhelming, and I'm overwhelmed 559 00:30:36,200 --> 00:30:38,440 Speaker 1: by the size of things. But then there's a guy 560 00:30:38,440 --> 00:30:40,480 Speaker 1: handing out a little cups of coffee, so I take 561 00:30:40,520 --> 00:30:43,080 Speaker 1: one because that's what you do. And it made me 562 00:30:43,120 --> 00:30:44,680 Speaker 1: feel a little more safe because I felt like I 563 00:30:44,800 --> 00:30:46,720 Speaker 1: was back in a smaller Trader Joe's or something, and 564 00:30:46,760 --> 00:30:49,000 Speaker 1: I'm drinking a little cup of coffee, but then I 565 00:30:49,040 --> 00:30:52,280 Speaker 1: had to go uh and it was like, you are 566 00:30:52,400 --> 00:30:55,080 Speaker 1: going there, okay, yeah, yes, yes, I had the coffee, 567 00:30:55,080 --> 00:30:56,800 Speaker 1: and suddenly I really had to go to the bathroom. 568 00:30:56,800 --> 00:30:58,280 Speaker 1: And at first I thought it was just like, all right, 569 00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:02,000 Speaker 1: after I find the giant container of soysage that I 570 00:31:02,040 --> 00:31:04,080 Speaker 1: need to find and bring that to the cart, then 571 00:31:04,120 --> 00:31:05,640 Speaker 1: I really need to think about finding a bathroom. But 572 00:31:05,680 --> 00:31:08,000 Speaker 1: then I quickly realized, no, there's no time for so soysage. 573 00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:10,040 Speaker 1: I need to find the restaurant and the dead center 574 00:31:10,080 --> 00:31:12,240 Speaker 1: of the store, and I have no idea where it is. 575 00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:14,560 Speaker 1: So I did, and I knew that I would given 576 00:31:14,560 --> 00:31:17,640 Speaker 1: the distances involved, I would only have time to head 577 00:31:17,680 --> 00:31:19,960 Speaker 1: for one corner of the store and hope that that's 578 00:31:19,960 --> 00:31:22,040 Speaker 1: where the bathroom is and if it and if it 579 00:31:22,120 --> 00:31:24,400 Speaker 1: wasn't there, then I would have to create one of 580 00:31:24,440 --> 00:31:27,120 Speaker 1: my own. Fortunately it worked out and I picked the 581 00:31:27,200 --> 00:31:28,960 Speaker 1: right corner of the store, but it was it was 582 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:33,640 Speaker 1: a very frightening experience. Wow, I mean that's yeah, seriously, 583 00:31:33,840 --> 00:31:37,800 Speaker 1: I'm glad that you dropped your soysage agenda. Yes, I 584 00:31:37,800 --> 00:31:42,400 Speaker 1: didn't have a choice. Um so with the toilet supersized um. 585 00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:45,479 Speaker 1: The bathrooms were nice, I was improved, but they were 586 00:31:45,480 --> 00:31:47,920 Speaker 1: not enormous toilets, and there were not an enormous amount 587 00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:50,680 Speaker 1: of them. I have heard that Costco was supposed to 588 00:31:50,680 --> 00:31:54,080 Speaker 1: be a fancier version of Sam's. Well, I haven't been 589 00:31:54,120 --> 00:31:55,320 Speaker 1: in a stams in a while, so I can't really 590 00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:57,960 Speaker 1: speak to that. But Costco was what's clean inside, and 591 00:31:57,960 --> 00:32:00,959 Speaker 1: there were lots and lots of things to buy. So 592 00:32:00,960 --> 00:32:03,640 Speaker 1: so if you ever find yourself a scout out of 593 00:32:03,640 --> 00:32:06,920 Speaker 1: the bathrooms, first certainly before you have any coffee. All right, 594 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:10,040 Speaker 1: here's another one from a listener who wishes to remain anonymous. Uh. 595 00:32:10,160 --> 00:32:12,280 Speaker 1: He writes in this is high blow the mind. Guys. 596 00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:14,600 Speaker 1: When I got out of federal prison, I had three 597 00:32:14,680 --> 00:32:17,360 Speaker 1: years of probation. One of the terms of my probation 598 00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:21,000 Speaker 1: was that I not play any soccer. Considering the playing 599 00:32:21,040 --> 00:32:23,080 Speaker 1: soccer had nothing to do with my crime, it seemed 600 00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:25,640 Speaker 1: ridiculous to me to give up playing. The problem was 601 00:32:25,680 --> 00:32:28,520 Speaker 1: that I also have have to be polygraphed every four 602 00:32:28,520 --> 00:32:31,920 Speaker 1: to six months. As the time for my first polygraph approach, 603 00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:33,800 Speaker 1: and I was playing soccer four or five times a week, 604 00:32:33,840 --> 00:32:36,880 Speaker 1: I started to search for ways to get around it. Uh. 605 00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:39,400 Speaker 1: The TAC technique, which we've mentioned in the episode about 606 00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:41,760 Speaker 1: like putting attack in your shoe and causing some physical 607 00:32:41,800 --> 00:32:45,000 Speaker 1: pain there. The TAC technique seemed a little too obvious, 608 00:32:45,080 --> 00:32:48,280 Speaker 1: but the idea of creating a false baseline seemed like 609 00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:51,000 Speaker 1: the way to go. As you may not know from 610 00:32:51,040 --> 00:32:53,960 Speaker 1: watching movies and TV, the person administering a polygraph will 611 00:32:54,000 --> 00:32:56,400 Speaker 1: only ask you yes, no questions, So the question is 612 00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:58,320 Speaker 1: not what is your name, but rather is your name 613 00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:01,360 Speaker 1: in certain name? Here to create a false baseline, My 614 00:33:01,400 --> 00:33:04,600 Speaker 1: simple solution was that whenever they asked me a baseline question, 615 00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:07,360 Speaker 1: are you sitting down, do you speak English? Et cetera, 616 00:33:07,600 --> 00:33:09,720 Speaker 1: I would imagine that he had asked me did you 617 00:33:09,760 --> 00:33:13,160 Speaker 1: play soccer? This served the dual purpose of giving my 618 00:33:13,280 --> 00:33:16,200 Speaker 1: line a little boost for the simple question, and when 619 00:33:16,200 --> 00:33:18,920 Speaker 1: they asked the question about soccer, actually they would ask 620 00:33:19,040 --> 00:33:20,720 Speaker 1: have you done anything in the past four months to 621 00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:23,239 Speaker 1: violate your parole. I was a little relief that I 622 00:33:23,280 --> 00:33:26,600 Speaker 1: was finally being asked, and so my line wouldn't react 623 00:33:26,640 --> 00:33:29,320 Speaker 1: as much in line talking about the line that goes 624 00:33:29,400 --> 00:33:32,440 Speaker 1: up and down on the polygraphy. This all worked work 625 00:33:32,520 --> 00:33:34,760 Speaker 1: to charm and I easily passed all of my polygraphs. 626 00:33:34,840 --> 00:33:36,800 Speaker 1: The only trouble came at the one time I was 627 00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:39,680 Speaker 1: so focused on asking myself the wrong question that when 628 00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:42,480 Speaker 1: the polygrapher asked if I was sitting down, I immediately said, no, 629 00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:46,000 Speaker 1: I really enjoy your show. And if I ever get 630 00:33:46,040 --> 00:33:48,280 Speaker 1: arrested again in my probation states that I can't listen 631 00:33:48,280 --> 00:33:50,040 Speaker 1: to stuff to blow your mind, I am confident that 632 00:33:50,080 --> 00:33:53,240 Speaker 1: I will be able to continue listening and pass my polygraphs. 633 00:33:53,520 --> 00:33:57,320 Speaker 1: Uh any polygraphs they might give me cheers, Oh yeah, okay, 634 00:33:57,440 --> 00:34:01,040 Speaker 1: that I mean that was firsthand knowledge on this, right, 635 00:34:01,080 --> 00:34:03,959 Speaker 1: I mean what I love hearing that because you know, 636 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:06,000 Speaker 1: we we do all this research, and we you know, 637 00:34:06,040 --> 00:34:07,920 Speaker 1: we have some anecdotal stuff from some of the research 638 00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:11,280 Speaker 1: that we that we call. But to be able to 639 00:34:11,360 --> 00:34:16,239 Speaker 1: hear this person's playing this sort of game with that 640 00:34:16,400 --> 00:34:20,040 Speaker 1: is really fascinating and how he or she went about it, 641 00:34:20,200 --> 00:34:23,600 Speaker 1: yea with high stakes. All right, And here's a final 642 00:34:23,640 --> 00:34:26,520 Speaker 1: one from Murphy. Murphy right senses high Robert and Julie. 643 00:34:26,520 --> 00:34:28,080 Speaker 1: I've been drinking coffee since I was a little over 644 00:34:28,120 --> 00:34:30,880 Speaker 1: a year old. I was begging for what mom was drinking, 645 00:34:30,920 --> 00:34:32,839 Speaker 1: and she gave me a taste to determine the plan. 646 00:34:32,920 --> 00:34:35,400 Speaker 1: Backfire caused me to grow up under the influence of caffeine. 647 00:34:35,760 --> 00:34:38,160 Speaker 1: After listening to your podcast, I wonder what life would 648 00:34:38,160 --> 00:34:40,160 Speaker 1: be like without my usual one to three cups in 649 00:34:40,200 --> 00:34:42,400 Speaker 1: the morning. But then I thought about I thought that 650 00:34:42,440 --> 00:34:45,520 Speaker 1: any observation of myself will change the behavior of myself, 651 00:34:45,640 --> 00:34:48,480 Speaker 1: and no accurate data will be recorded. It sounds like 652 00:34:48,480 --> 00:34:52,160 Speaker 1: somebody's been drinking coffee this morning, and writing this thought 653 00:34:52,239 --> 00:34:55,399 Speaker 1: could of course be a lie in my coffee saturated brain, 654 00:34:55,520 --> 00:34:58,560 Speaker 1: invented to keep itself from having to live a day 655 00:34:58,600 --> 00:35:01,880 Speaker 1: abstaining from the delicious, delicious toxins. Uh. There is no 656 00:35:01,920 --> 00:35:04,600 Speaker 1: good way to sum this up, Murphy, and people feel 657 00:35:04,680 --> 00:35:07,600 Speaker 1: very passionate about their coffee. Yeah, it's the dark brown God, 658 00:35:07,760 --> 00:35:10,760 Speaker 1: and UH, I depend on it, so I'm not gonna 659 00:35:10,880 --> 00:35:15,360 Speaker 1: attempt to toward it. So there you have it. A 660 00:35:15,360 --> 00:35:17,759 Speaker 1: few listener mails to get through. UH. Sadly we don't 661 00:35:17,760 --> 00:35:20,600 Speaker 1: have time for more in this episode, but we'll continue 662 00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:22,520 Speaker 1: to try and the pimp them out, and we would 663 00:35:22,640 --> 00:35:25,880 Speaker 1: love for you to keep sending them to us, particularly 664 00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:28,160 Speaker 1: in regards to this episode, UH and in our previous 665 00:35:28,160 --> 00:35:31,680 Speaker 1: ones about workspaces and the microbiome. In your workspace. Um, 666 00:35:31,719 --> 00:35:35,000 Speaker 1: how does this change your way of looking at your 667 00:35:35,080 --> 00:35:37,759 Speaker 1: work environment? How does it change the way you think 668 00:35:37,800 --> 00:35:40,840 Speaker 1: about the air that's coming in through that event versus 669 00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:42,719 Speaker 1: the air that comes in through that window? If you 670 00:35:42,760 --> 00:35:45,759 Speaker 1: could possibly open it on your building, Um, we would 671 00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:47,399 Speaker 1: love to hear from you. Let us know. You can 672 00:35:47,400 --> 00:35:49,080 Speaker 1: find us on a number of places. We of course 673 00:35:49,120 --> 00:35:51,080 Speaker 1: have stuff to Blow your Mind dot com, the mothership 674 00:35:51,120 --> 00:35:52,680 Speaker 1: of all the things that we do. You can also 675 00:35:52,719 --> 00:35:55,880 Speaker 1: find us on social media. We're on Facebook and tumble 676 00:35:55,920 --> 00:35:58,040 Speaker 1: and Stuff to Blow your Mind. We are on Twitter 677 00:35:58,120 --> 00:36:00,480 Speaker 1: is blow to Mind and over there on YouTube. But 678 00:36:00,560 --> 00:36:02,680 Speaker 1: we've put all of our fabulous videos up at mind 679 00:36:02,760 --> 00:36:05,439 Speaker 1: Stuff Show, and you can also drop us a line 680 00:36:05,560 --> 00:36:09,040 Speaker 1: let us know about your microbial adventures at below the 681 00:36:09,040 --> 00:36:16,239 Speaker 1: Mind at Discovery dot com. For more on this and 682 00:36:16,360 --> 00:36:25,280 Speaker 1: thousands of other topics, visit how Stuff Works dot com.