WEBVTT - How Caving Works 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:04.280 Welcome to you stuff you should know from house stuff 0:00:04.280 --> 0:00:12.280 works dot com. Hey, buddy, if you don't mind if 0:00:12.320 --> 0:00:14.840 I plug my November page real quick, please do. I 0:00:14.880 --> 0:00:19.120 am growing a mustache this month for November for uh 0:00:19.440 --> 0:00:25.600 for cancer research, specifically male prostate cancer research. That's right. 0:00:26.120 --> 0:00:29.000 And you can donate to my team, which would be 0:00:29.000 --> 0:00:31.680 pretty cool because you know, you get a free podcast 0:00:31.720 --> 0:00:34.120 and it'd be nice to grow a little money towards 0:00:34.159 --> 0:00:38.040 cancer research in the name of nice here, give him 0:00:38.080 --> 0:00:41.360 some money. He's growing on facial here to help a 0:00:41.440 --> 0:00:46.639 charitable organization engage in really important scientific research. That's right. 0:00:46.680 --> 0:00:49.519 And you can go to mobro dot c O slash 0:00:49.600 --> 0:00:52.479 Charles Bryant and that's my page, or just go to 0:00:52.520 --> 0:00:55.200 the November site. Type in Charles Bryan in the search 0:00:55.280 --> 0:00:57.920 bar and look for the picture of me. There's only 0:00:57.920 --> 0:00:59.920 a couple of ups out there. Check's wearing a red shirt. 0:01:00.520 --> 0:01:03.680 That's right. Yeah, um, so what is that again? That's 0:01:03.720 --> 0:01:06.960 mo bro dot CEO slash Charles Bryant. Yes, thank you 0:01:07.000 --> 0:01:09.640 in advance. Yeah, that's nice, Chuck. All right, let's get 0:01:09.640 --> 0:01:14.440 to it. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. Um, 0:01:14.440 --> 0:01:17.600 I'm an MC of sorts. Not the cool kind, the 0:01:17.640 --> 0:01:20.880 boring kind with me is always is em C Charles W. 0:01:21.040 --> 0:01:24.000 Chuck Bryant, he's the same kind of MC that I am. 0:01:24.160 --> 0:01:28.720 Suck EM No, no, not even We're not even suck mcs. 0:01:28.760 --> 0:01:32.720 We're too square for that even maybe sucker mcs, but 0:01:32.840 --> 0:01:37.000 certainly not with an A. I'm a sucker, right MC, Yeah, 0:01:37.440 --> 0:01:39.960 too square to be a sucker? That is a T shirt. 0:01:40.840 --> 0:01:44.680 Well i'll bet it is now number two the square shape. 0:01:44.920 --> 0:01:48.520 Huh number two the letter B or two squared two 0:01:48.560 --> 0:01:51.040 with two to the second path. Too square to be 0:01:51.240 --> 0:01:55.720 a sucker. Yeah, that's it. Yep, you've pretty we've reached 0:01:55.720 --> 0:01:57.640 the point where you say stuff and people make T 0:01:57.720 --> 0:01:59.760 shirts of it. One of these though, we're gonna hit 0:02:00.040 --> 0:02:02.920 and we can quit this whole podcast in game retire, 0:02:04.360 --> 0:02:12.040 never will be rich old men podcasting still if only uh, hey, Chuck, Hey, 0:02:12.160 --> 0:02:15.280 are you doing well? Yeah? You know, I think, um, 0:02:15.400 --> 0:02:18.240 I remember that you actually have done this before what 0:02:18.320 --> 0:02:22.160 we're about to talk about, um, and uh you had 0:02:22.200 --> 0:02:24.480 a good time into Yeah. I'll be offering my personal 0:02:24.520 --> 0:02:26.760 insights along the way. But I was hoping so that's 0:02:26.760 --> 0:02:29.519 what I was getting at. Um. Hey, so I read 0:02:29.520 --> 0:02:33.000 this article in Slate. It's called America's Ancient Cave Art. 0:02:33.840 --> 0:02:36.959 And back in the late seventies, there were a couple 0:02:37.000 --> 0:02:39.160 of friends who worked for the U. S. Forestry Service 0:02:39.160 --> 0:02:42.720 and I think Tennessee, and Um, they were running around, 0:02:42.919 --> 0:02:46.760 um the forest, and they found a cave and they 0:02:46.800 --> 0:02:48.840 started to explore it. And they went into it and 0:02:48.880 --> 0:02:52.000 they noticed, like there were all these weird like scratches 0:02:52.080 --> 0:02:54.800 on the wall. And when they looked a little closer, like, wait, 0:02:54.840 --> 0:02:57.519 that's not a scratch, that's a snake with horns, and 0:02:57.919 --> 0:03:01.399 that's a bird that like is tearing the head off 0:03:01.400 --> 0:03:04.640 of something else. And one of them luckily realized that 0:03:04.680 --> 0:03:08.399 these are all images associated with what's called the Southeastern 0:03:08.400 --> 0:03:13.160 Ceremonial Complex, or more coolly named the Southern Death Cult, 0:03:14.320 --> 0:03:18.280 which sprung up around the southeastern United States inexplicably about 0:03:18.960 --> 0:03:21.040 years ago. There's like this um what what the author 0:03:21.040 --> 0:03:23.720 of the article called a religious outbreak that they have 0:03:23.800 --> 0:03:26.720 no idea where it came from. But um, the weird 0:03:26.760 --> 0:03:30.560 thing about this is that they these these um drawings 0:03:30.800 --> 0:03:35.760 were completely preserved, like you could still smear the charcoal. Um. 0:03:36.000 --> 0:03:38.920 They and even though they were anywhere from five and 0:03:38.960 --> 0:03:40.400 then they found some others that are up to like 0:03:40.440 --> 0:03:44.520 six thousand years old, and they're all in this enormous, 0:03:44.560 --> 0:03:48.200 elaborate cave system in the southeastern United States, specifically the 0:03:48.200 --> 0:03:53.000 Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee, UM. But what's most remarkable, aside 0:03:53.000 --> 0:03:55.320 from their preservation, is that some of these are like 0:03:55.400 --> 0:04:00.000 a mile into the cave. So some of the mississipp 0:04:00.120 --> 0:04:03.480 In people were running around walking a mile into a 0:04:03.520 --> 0:04:07.440 cave to like leave this art and it was perfectly preserved. 0:04:07.480 --> 0:04:09.640 That's pretty cool, even though almost every other trace of 0:04:09.680 --> 0:04:13.200 this religious outbreak, the Southern Death Cult is just gone. 0:04:14.200 --> 0:04:17.000 And that cool. That's awesome. So I bring that up 0:04:17.040 --> 0:04:19.120 because that is one of the big reasons that people 0:04:19.200 --> 0:04:23.719 go caving, which ultimately is entering a cave. Once you 0:04:23.800 --> 0:04:26.840 walk into a cave, you're caving, right, Yeah, I think so. 0:04:27.720 --> 0:04:29.680 Uh one in Southern Death Cult. The original name of 0:04:29.680 --> 0:04:31.760 the cult the band, Yes, it was, and they changed 0:04:31.760 --> 0:04:37.200 it so much better. Well, I mean, that's one of 0:04:37.240 --> 0:04:40.680 the coolest names anyone's ever come up with. And it's 0:04:40.800 --> 0:04:44.279 an archaeological term. Yeah, so it's got just you know, 0:04:44.360 --> 0:04:48.880 academic meaning as well. All right, Well, aside from the 0:04:48.920 --> 0:04:51.000 poor name, change. I like the band. Yeah, it's a 0:04:51.040 --> 0:04:54.000 good band I used to do. You don't anymore, Well, 0:04:54.040 --> 0:04:56.400 I mean it's just that sort of represented like high 0:04:56.400 --> 0:04:59.240 school to me in early college. They still hold up. 0:04:59.520 --> 0:05:02.360 Yeah it's not I don't like it, you know. Yeah, 0:05:02.960 --> 0:05:07.039 Billy Duffy plays a main guitar. All right, so spe lunking. 0:05:07.080 --> 0:05:08.920 Should we go ahead and get this out of the way. 0:05:09.400 --> 0:05:12.480 That's that's another word for caving. But um been't there 0:05:12.480 --> 0:05:16.919 an Atari game named Blanker? I think so. But cavers 0:05:17.120 --> 0:05:21.680 don't really use that term a lot. They use it derogatorially. Yeah, 0:05:21.880 --> 0:05:24.359 I think that is the case. I'm trying to remember 0:05:24.400 --> 0:05:26.880 because I went caving, Like you said, go ahead and 0:05:26.920 --> 0:05:28.800 set that up for the rest of the show. With 0:05:29.320 --> 0:05:32.560 my former neighbor, Um, who was a fan of the show. 0:05:32.720 --> 0:05:35.640 For you guys have a spat. We don't talk anymore. 0:05:35.800 --> 0:05:39.600 I refused to acknowledge as president. No, he moved, Um, 0:05:39.680 --> 0:05:41.800 But the other way that happened, yeah, yeah, he Um 0:05:41.839 --> 0:05:43.960 he lived across the street and Um left a letter 0:05:44.040 --> 0:05:46.480 my mailbox one day and it was like, hey, dude, 0:05:46.480 --> 0:05:48.359 I heard you mentioned. It might have been after the 0:05:48.360 --> 0:05:53.159 biospil speleology, which we'll touch on it again said I'm 0:05:53.360 --> 0:05:55.839 experienced caver. Me and my buddy would love to take 0:05:55.880 --> 0:05:58.600 you and you guys too, you and yeah, yeah we 0:05:58.600 --> 0:06:01.120 were invited. Originally it was all more of us and 0:06:01.160 --> 0:06:03.400 it ended up being just me. Right the day came, 0:06:03.480 --> 0:06:06.040 I was like, let's see crawl around in the cold 0:06:06.080 --> 0:06:09.640 in the cave, get wet and muddy. I'm gonna stay home. Boy. 0:06:09.680 --> 0:06:11.599 After I did it, I was like, I'm so glad 0:06:11.960 --> 0:06:14.960 Emily and you, me and Josh didn't come. Just you 0:06:14.960 --> 0:06:16.760 guys wouldn't like that. Yeah, there's a good picture of 0:06:16.760 --> 0:06:19.480 you on Facebook where you're covered in mud. Yeah, I'll 0:06:19.520 --> 0:06:22.640 post more pictures when this comes out, but yeah, I'll 0:06:22.640 --> 0:06:23.920 touch it on as we go. But the first thing 0:06:23.960 --> 0:06:26.040 I want to point out is that a cave can 0:06:26.080 --> 0:06:29.479 be a thing that you picture when you picture a cave, 0:06:29.520 --> 0:06:31.680 which is like you're walking along and there's a big, 0:06:31.760 --> 0:06:33.760 huge entrance that you're looking at and you walk in, 0:06:34.480 --> 0:06:37.520 or in this case, it can be a little hole 0:06:37.560 --> 0:06:40.000 in the ground, which is when I walked by, I 0:06:40.040 --> 0:06:43.080 was like, that that's where we're going, and he was 0:06:43.120 --> 0:06:45.479 like yeah. I was like, really, it's like a two 0:06:45.480 --> 0:06:47.719 foot little hole in the ground. Yeah, it looked like, um, 0:06:47.920 --> 0:06:50.120 maybe a place where foxes livers. Yeah, and he's like, 0:06:50.160 --> 0:06:52.159 now that's how you get in there. I was like, okay, 0:06:52.680 --> 0:06:55.200 you're like, that's how you get in their pal But 0:06:55.279 --> 0:06:59.160 it ended up being, aside from the most physically challenging 0:06:59.200 --> 0:07:01.320 thing I've ever done, one of the coolest things I've done. 0:07:01.800 --> 0:07:04.320 It was very difficult, but you, I mean, you nail 0:07:04.360 --> 0:07:06.599 it on the head. The cave is basically any opening 0:07:06.720 --> 0:07:10.760 from the surface below ground, Yeah, into the earth right 0:07:10.880 --> 0:07:12.840 and um. For the most part, when we think of 0:07:12.840 --> 0:07:15.480 a cave, it's part of something called the karst landscape, 0:07:16.400 --> 0:07:21.440 which is characterized by like sink holes, underground aquifers, um, 0:07:21.640 --> 0:07:27.280 subtranean drainage, caves, a cave system. That's part that's it's 0:07:27.800 --> 0:07:31.480 technically called a karst landscape. Yeah. And well, once you 0:07:31.480 --> 0:07:32.880 read that, you kind of take it for granted, but 0:07:32.920 --> 0:07:34.840 if you never really thought about it. I hadn't never 0:07:34.880 --> 0:07:36.320 thought about it. I was like, well, why are these 0:07:36.320 --> 0:07:38.640 caves even here? You know, someone didn't come in here 0:07:38.640 --> 0:07:42.080 and carve these out. No, but some natural processes, dude, 0:07:42.160 --> 0:07:45.480 that's right. There's actually um four main ways that caves 0:07:45.520 --> 0:07:50.000 are created, right, Yeah, most caves um are limestone caves, 0:07:50.360 --> 0:07:53.240 and you get those when rainwater uh seeps down through 0:07:53.240 --> 0:07:55.560 the soil, picks up some C O two along the 0:07:55.600 --> 0:07:59.160 way and that forms carbonic acid, which is kind of weak. 0:07:59.680 --> 0:08:02.880 It is, but if you if you have carbon carbonic 0:08:02.880 --> 0:08:06.680 acid present in the same area for eons, Yeah, it's 0:08:06.720 --> 0:08:10.760 going to eventually eat away at even stone, Yeah, like limestone, 0:08:10.800 --> 0:08:13.240 And that's basically what happens. It either collects there for 0:08:13.280 --> 0:08:16.440 a long time or is um rushed in there by 0:08:16.560 --> 0:08:22.720 rain and uh corrosion. Yeah, that's what happens. It's erosion 0:08:22.800 --> 0:08:26.640 through abrasion. Through abrasion just basically rain will running over 0:08:26.680 --> 0:08:29.680 something long enough, it's gonna erode it. And that's how 0:08:29.720 --> 0:08:31.840 you get a cave one way. Yeah, that's the that's 0:08:31.880 --> 0:08:36.000 the main way. I think. Um, you've got extreme of files, 0:08:36.200 --> 0:08:38.680 which is kind of cool. We're still we're starting to realize, 0:08:38.760 --> 0:08:40.600 you know. I think we talked about them in the 0:08:40.640 --> 0:08:43.559 Are we All Marson's episode? Yeah, we have an article 0:08:43.600 --> 0:08:45.880 on extreme of files that I have earmarked for us. 0:08:46.800 --> 0:08:51.200 That's pretty good. Um. They are basically bacteria that live 0:08:51.280 --> 0:08:55.800 and thrive in um toxic environments like places where nothing 0:08:55.840 --> 0:08:59.320 else lives. High sulfuric content are really high, temperatures are 0:08:59.320 --> 0:09:02.200 really really low, temperatures are just Yeah, they're the only 0:09:02.240 --> 0:09:04.840 things that live there. UM, and they are starting to 0:09:04.880 --> 0:09:08.599 realize that they have a pretty big impact on cave formation. 0:09:08.960 --> 0:09:13.200 For example, there's some that um like to eat oil underground. 0:09:13.800 --> 0:09:16.160 I never knew this, and they eat and eat, and 0:09:16.200 --> 0:09:21.240 then they shoot ducks of sulfi gas, right, And the 0:09:21.320 --> 0:09:24.080 sulfi gas goes up and up and up as gases 0:09:24.160 --> 0:09:28.640 wants to do, and it travels through UM. The through 0:09:28.720 --> 0:09:33.400 groundwater picks up oxygen and becomes sulfuric acid, and that 0:09:33.480 --> 0:09:35.760 really starts to eat away at caves. Yeah, that's probably 0:09:35.800 --> 0:09:39.160 more so I think than yeah, which is you probably 0:09:39.160 --> 0:09:42.000 want to look out for the sulfuric acid lake in 0:09:42.040 --> 0:09:44.480 a cave system if you're ever caving, I would say so. 0:09:45.160 --> 0:09:49.000 So that's number two. Um, see sea caves, you'll see 0:09:49.000 --> 0:09:51.040 a lot UM. If you ever do sea kayaking and 0:09:51.040 --> 0:09:53.400 stuff around the island, you might venture into a sea cave. 0:09:53.440 --> 0:09:58.160 It's pretty cool. Um. They are basically just water pounding 0:09:58.200 --> 0:10:01.439 away at these seaside cliffs to the point where they 0:10:01.520 --> 0:10:05.559 formed caves pretty easy. Yeah, did you ever see the Orphanage, 0:10:06.440 --> 0:10:10.480 the Gearmo del Toro movie. No, dude, you've not seen that. 0:10:10.559 --> 0:10:13.040 I almost watched it last week. That is one of 0:10:13.200 --> 0:10:17.360 the best ghost movies ever made. Yeah. I was by 0:10:17.400 --> 0:10:19.959 myself and I wanted to watch something scary because it 0:10:20.000 --> 0:10:24.839 was and I searched around on the internet for like, 0:10:24.920 --> 0:10:28.600 what's a really good scary movie, not some crappy scary movie, 0:10:28.920 --> 0:10:30.679 and that was on the list. And I ended up 0:10:30.720 --> 0:10:33.960 searching and researching for so long. They didn't watch anything, 0:10:34.600 --> 0:10:36.920 went to sleep. You should have asked me or go 0:10:37.000 --> 0:10:39.560 on to the social media's like. Yeah. Once, I was 0:10:39.559 --> 0:10:42.439 like a Christmas scary movies and got in a conversation 0:10:42.480 --> 0:10:44.760 with Joe Randazzo and like a couple of other people 0:10:44.960 --> 0:10:47.880 and ended up with this list of like great horror 0:10:47.880 --> 0:10:52.360 movies and all of them panned out awesomely. That, dude, 0:10:52.640 --> 0:10:57.360 that was another one recommended. But dude, it is it's 0:10:57.360 --> 0:11:00.560 just like the Spanish Civil War era orphan No, no, no, 0:11:00.640 --> 0:11:04.360 that's um what is that one called? I know the 0:11:04.400 --> 0:11:08.040 one you're talking about. I saw that one. That's okay. 0:11:08.240 --> 0:11:11.400 Compared to the Orphanage, it might as well have been 0:11:11.440 --> 0:11:14.360 like Pee Wee's Playhouse. Hey, I like peewee, know, I 0:11:14.360 --> 0:11:18.000 mean as far as light fair goes. Ah, yeah, okay, 0:11:18.000 --> 0:11:21.080 it's just so much better watching it. Yeah, and watch 0:11:21.160 --> 0:11:22.959 Us of the Devil too, It's pretty good. I think 0:11:22.960 --> 0:11:24.640 you like that a lot. Yeah, I don't. I like 0:11:24.679 --> 0:11:29.280 good scary. I don't like all that crappy saw like stuff, 0:11:29.280 --> 0:11:32.280 you know, like shocking, torture, porn crap. I like the 0:11:32.320 --> 0:11:38.199 first couple sauce. Alright, So that's the third wave. That well, 0:11:38.240 --> 0:11:41.120 that was a good one. The fourth um is lava tubes. 0:11:41.559 --> 0:11:45.120 You know, when lava comes up through a volcano and 0:11:45.160 --> 0:11:48.560 it shoots up, if the conditions are right, the outer 0:11:48.720 --> 0:11:53.760 part will cool more quickly than the creamy, gooey middle. Uh. 0:11:53.800 --> 0:11:57.319 And when that happens that our shell will come together 0:11:57.360 --> 0:12:01.200 and form this coherent crust, and the stuff in the 0:12:01.200 --> 0:12:04.480 middle might fall back down. Right, You got yourself a tube. 0:12:04.520 --> 0:12:06.200 You have a tube of lava. Now, if at the 0:12:06.240 --> 0:12:09.120 top of this that that top caves in or crumbles 0:12:09.200 --> 0:12:11.319 all of a sudden, you have an entrance, and the 0:12:11.400 --> 0:12:14.559 lava tube is now a cave. Because again, cave is 0:12:14.600 --> 0:12:21.120 any entry from the above ground to hell. I imagine 0:12:21.160 --> 0:12:24.800 the lava tube caves are pretty interesting to explore. But 0:12:24.840 --> 0:12:27.840 I'm a limestone guy. Well, I mean, you don't spend 0:12:27.880 --> 0:12:29.679 much time in Hawaii. If you did, I'll bet you'd 0:12:29.679 --> 0:12:31.640 be a lava tube guy too. Yeah, you're probably right, 0:12:31.840 --> 0:12:33.600 all right. So once you're in the cave, you're gonna 0:12:33.640 --> 0:12:37.120 notice a couple of things straight away. Um, stillactites and 0:12:37.200 --> 0:12:39.840 stillac mites. Okay, which is which? Man? I feel like 0:12:40.000 --> 0:12:43.680 we have a golden opportunity to explain this to thousands 0:12:43.720 --> 0:12:47.200 and thousands and hundreds of thousands of people. It's very easy. 0:12:47.360 --> 0:12:49.400 There's a lot of little ways you can remember. Maybe 0:12:49.520 --> 0:12:52.000 millions of people still lack tights, and that is where 0:12:52.000 --> 0:12:54.520 the sea are the ones that hang down. And you 0:12:54.520 --> 0:12:59.120 can remember that by maybe hold on tight, still lack tight. 0:12:59.160 --> 0:13:01.559 They gotta hold on tight. Yeah, because it's not stillag 0:13:01.840 --> 0:13:07.440 tight and stillag tight or stalac mite and stalagmite. It's 0:13:07.440 --> 0:13:11.360 stillack tight with the sea and then stalagmite with the 0:13:11.440 --> 0:13:14.400 G and M. So that helps too, because you have 0:13:14.480 --> 0:13:17.760 C for ceiling or G for ground. Great, there you 0:13:17.840 --> 0:13:21.280 just did it, or T for top. If that helps you, 0:13:21.840 --> 0:13:23.960 we give you three ways to remember this. I don't 0:13:24.000 --> 0:13:26.439 think that we're I don't I think I messed it up. 0:13:26.840 --> 0:13:30.040 This is so simple for a second and then I 0:13:30.040 --> 0:13:35.440 I'm sorry everyone. So stalactites hang down, Stalagmites come up 0:13:35.480 --> 0:13:39.319 from the bottom. Uh. They are speliotherms, which is a 0:13:39.400 --> 0:13:44.480 K formation. And this happens when um carbonic acid eats 0:13:44.520 --> 0:13:47.840 away at this limestone, it starts dripping the calcite mineral 0:13:48.520 --> 0:13:50.600 from rain water. Yeah, it's just kind of trickling in 0:13:50.760 --> 0:13:53.480 and it's just two centuries. Yeah, And as it is, 0:13:53.480 --> 0:13:56.040 it's depositing that calcite, right. Yeah, So it drips down 0:13:56.040 --> 0:13:58.080 from the top, so it forms and then it will 0:13:58.520 --> 0:14:01.560 you know, not drip up, but collect and form up 0:14:01.559 --> 0:14:04.360 from the bottom. Sometimes they'll meet and form a column, 0:14:04.760 --> 0:14:07.360 which is really cool. But these things grow at a 0:14:07.440 --> 0:14:10.880 rate of a quarter inch to an inch per century. Wow, 0:14:10.960 --> 0:14:14.920 So you can't sit around and watch a stalactite form. 0:14:14.960 --> 0:14:18.720 That is basically so, the rain water comes down and 0:14:18.840 --> 0:14:22.480 drips down, and whatever deposits are at the top going 0:14:22.600 --> 0:14:26.920 down is a stalac tight, that's right. And it drifts 0:14:26.920 --> 0:14:29.240 down under the ground and builds a formation that grows 0:14:29.320 --> 0:14:33.360 up towards the top. Yes, that's a stalag might and 0:14:33.400 --> 0:14:38.200 that's why you usually find them together. And stillast scene 0:14:38.440 --> 0:14:43.640 is actually the Greek derivative and means to drip. Really, 0:14:43.680 --> 0:14:46.800 so there you have it. And uh, they did mention 0:14:46.840 --> 0:14:49.840 I look these up because I've never seen them other uh, 0:14:50.000 --> 0:14:53.360 speleotherms like fried eggs and bacon. Did you look these up? 0:14:54.040 --> 0:14:57.000 It's pretty neat. It looks like a fried egg. It's 0:14:57.320 --> 0:14:59.720 the big formation. Yeah, it looks like a you know, 0:14:59.800 --> 0:15:02.560 it's it's large and round and has a center that's 0:15:02.880 --> 0:15:05.720 very round as well. And then the bacon stuff, it 0:15:05.760 --> 0:15:08.760 looks like bacon strips. It's like, you know, these little 0:15:08.800 --> 0:15:12.640 strip like formations that have different colored patterns that look like, 0:15:12.680 --> 0:15:14.280 you know, the fatty part of the bacon and the 0:15:14.280 --> 0:15:17.080 meaty part, and it looks like Fridays and bacons. I 0:15:17.080 --> 0:15:19.120 feel like I saw the Friday eggs warm before you 0:15:19.160 --> 0:15:20.720 probably have. When I saw it, I was like, oh, 0:15:20.800 --> 0:15:25.040 that's what that is, Friday's and bacon. I had to 0:15:25.080 --> 0:15:29.760 see it because the the the name wasn't descriptive enough. Yeah, 0:15:29.800 --> 0:15:33.040 and that's just this just proves that speleologists are fun 0:15:33.400 --> 0:15:37.680 loving people. Right, So while you're in the cave, you're 0:15:37.720 --> 0:15:41.280 probably going to run into certain kinds of animals, and 0:15:41.360 --> 0:15:44.360 as speleologists love to do, they've classified these things in 0:15:44.400 --> 0:15:47.520 the categories, right. Yeah, we talked about these in Biospeleology. 0:15:48.000 --> 0:15:50.680 Creepy cave dwelling things. Yeah. If you haven't heard that 0:15:50.840 --> 0:15:53.840 UM episode, go check it out. It's all about caves 0:15:53.840 --> 0:15:56.760 and the stuff living in caves. It's really cool. UM. 0:15:56.840 --> 0:16:01.000 But the troglzines, those are temporary visitors, like a bear 0:16:01.120 --> 0:16:03.960 maybe hibernating in a cave. It's they live most of 0:16:03.960 --> 0:16:06.400 their life outside of the cave and coming for shelter 0:16:06.640 --> 0:16:10.000 food or like that. Then there's a trougle of files. 0:16:10.040 --> 0:16:13.880 That means they love the trog they do. They spend 0:16:13.880 --> 0:16:17.040 most of their life there, but they will come out 0:16:17.360 --> 0:16:20.200 some for food. Yeah, but they spend most of their 0:16:20.200 --> 0:16:24.880 lives in the cave, right Yeah. Salamander's crickets, uh Daddy 0:16:24.920 --> 0:16:27.440 long Legs and other spiders love them. And then there's 0:16:27.480 --> 0:16:31.040 the trougle of bites. Yeah. Those are ones who live 0:16:31.120 --> 0:16:33.920 their entire lives within the dark zone of the cave 0:16:34.480 --> 0:16:38.400 and usually they don't have eyes, and apparently without exception, 0:16:38.440 --> 0:16:42.720 they're all blind, like the Prometheus salamander. Yeah, I remember 0:16:42.760 --> 0:16:47.000 that thing, the ozark blind salamander, the Tooth Cave spider, 0:16:47.120 --> 0:16:50.760 which isn't as creepy looking as it sounds. I expected 0:16:50.800 --> 0:16:52.720 to see, like, you know, some something out of a 0:16:52.880 --> 0:16:55.760 like B movie, but it was just a little skinny spider. 0:16:56.480 --> 0:16:58.480 But if you name something the tooth cave spider, you 0:16:58.600 --> 0:17:01.800 expect some like really scary looking thing, yeah, or something 0:17:01.800 --> 0:17:05.199 with glasses and huge buck teeth. Yeah. Uh, same with 0:17:05.240 --> 0:17:08.359 the tooth cave beetle. And then and they're also blind 0:17:08.440 --> 0:17:13.000 fish and shrimp and all manner of little white, creepy creatures. 0:17:13.520 --> 0:17:16.879 They lack pigment because they don't need it, Like, screw pigment. 0:17:17.000 --> 0:17:19.119 What do we need that for? Um? And then I 0:17:19.720 --> 0:17:22.080 this kind of stuck out to me, the idea that 0:17:22.160 --> 0:17:26.400 it's always the average annual temperature of the surface above 0:17:26.400 --> 0:17:29.680 a cave within the cave. So if it's the average 0:17:29.760 --> 0:17:32.040 temperature over the course of an entire year in the 0:17:32.080 --> 0:17:36.119 spot above a cave is sixty degrees, it's always sixty 0:17:36.320 --> 0:17:39.119 degrees in the cave. Not true, that's not true. No, 0:17:39.359 --> 0:17:42.240 So this this the the temperatures in a cave are 0:17:42.440 --> 0:17:46.360 very very stable. Um. But you know, depending on how 0:17:46.359 --> 0:17:49.000 how deep it is. Closer you get to the center 0:17:49.040 --> 0:17:51.679 of the earth, the warmer it gets so that has 0:17:51.720 --> 0:17:56.840 an effect. And just like above ground with the sun warming, um, 0:17:57.080 --> 0:18:01.840 the surface differently causes weather, different amounts of heat in 0:18:02.240 --> 0:18:06.280 inside a cave. Cause what we wouldn't recognize is weather, 0:18:06.359 --> 0:18:10.760 but actual weather itself. So is this wrong? Yes, the 0:18:10.760 --> 0:18:14.600 way it stated, it's always the average annual temperature. Yeah, 0:18:14.640 --> 0:18:17.320 but generally it is. Yeah, it's usually very stable and 0:18:17.359 --> 0:18:19.760 it's very close to that. But we're finding now that 0:18:19.800 --> 0:18:22.720 there is actual weather that happens in a cave, just 0:18:22.760 --> 0:18:24.880 like there we found out there's seasons on the bottom 0:18:24.880 --> 0:18:27.600 of the sea floor like that. It seems like the 0:18:27.640 --> 0:18:30.159 same thing to us, but there's actually like seasons and 0:18:30.240 --> 0:18:33.480 changes that we don't We didn't recognize because we don't 0:18:33.480 --> 0:18:38.440 think of it that way. Uh, caves um sometimes can 0:18:38.480 --> 0:18:40.919 be dry and dusty. I guess it all depends on 0:18:40.920 --> 0:18:43.320 where you are in the country. Um. The one I 0:18:43.359 --> 0:18:46.760 went to, and like many caves are wet and muddy, 0:18:47.119 --> 0:18:49.560 and I was not expecting that. I was not expecting 0:18:49.560 --> 0:18:51.959 a lot of what I encountered. Actually, really, you weren't. 0:18:52.200 --> 0:18:54.359 Were you prepared for a wet money? Oh yeah, I 0:18:54.400 --> 0:18:56.320 mean they told me what to wear and we'll get 0:18:56.359 --> 0:18:59.200 into all that stuff. But um, I just I don't know. 0:18:59.240 --> 0:19:01.200 I thought it was gonna be walking into a thing 0:19:01.920 --> 0:19:05.320 and then walking around, sort of like the kid caves 0:19:05.359 --> 0:19:08.280 that you can take the whole family too. But um, yeah, 0:19:08.280 --> 0:19:10.159 it wasn't like that at all. It was being dropped 0:19:10.160 --> 0:19:14.000 into a muddy, wet, cold hell. Yeah. And you looked 0:19:14.040 --> 0:19:18.119 like it too, man afterwards, like you were really glad 0:19:18.160 --> 0:19:20.520 to be top side again. It was weird coming out, 0:19:20.560 --> 0:19:24.120 I'll say that. So why did you go? Why would 0:19:24.119 --> 0:19:27.479 anybody go? What's the allure of caving? Uh? The unknown 0:19:27.480 --> 0:19:31.000 and the thrill of discovery. Well, it's true though, that's 0:19:31.040 --> 0:19:33.480 what the article says. But I don't mean to be glib. 0:19:33.640 --> 0:19:37.440 It is very cool and way different down there, Like 0:19:37.760 --> 0:19:40.400 you get a sense that it is. It is not 0:19:40.680 --> 0:19:43.479 the same top side as it is in the bowels 0:19:43.480 --> 0:19:47.400 of the earth. Very different place and very cool to experience. Yeah, firsthand. 0:19:47.560 --> 0:19:50.359 And as we mentioned, there's a lot of good opportunity 0:19:50.359 --> 0:19:53.800 for cave archaeology because the climate and temperature in a 0:19:53.920 --> 0:19:57.719 cave is so stable. Things are Things left in caves 0:19:57.760 --> 0:20:00.880 are really really well preserved. Yeah, and you know they're 0:20:00.920 --> 0:20:03.280 the caves were a good place for ancient rituals and 0:20:03.359 --> 0:20:08.040 things and um, they mentioned that the cave art in France. 0:20:09.520 --> 0:20:13.320 Have you seen this stuff? Yeah, holy cow, it's like 0:20:14.200 --> 0:20:18.480 it looks like artwork painted on canvas, some of it does. 0:20:19.400 --> 0:20:22.000 It's not like, you know, just scratchy cave drawings. Like 0:20:22.040 --> 0:20:26.320 this stuff is really beautiful. And uh they found this 0:20:26.480 --> 0:20:30.000 um in nineteen forty. They discovered this in France from 0:20:30.040 --> 0:20:35.120 the Paleolithic era, seventeen and twenty years old and over 0:20:35.200 --> 0:20:39.040 two thousand figures drawn. And it's like, from what I understand, 0:20:39.119 --> 0:20:42.880 like the granddaddy of all cave drawing scores was here 0:20:42.880 --> 0:20:46.240 in France. Um, here in France. There in France. Well 0:20:46.240 --> 0:20:49.760 there's also another one called Chauvet Cave in France, and 0:20:49.840 --> 0:20:54.800 that's what Herzog's Cave have Forgotten Dreams? Is that, Oh 0:20:54.840 --> 0:20:59.720 you didn't. I'll watch anything that he's in the ordinarrates 0:20:59.760 --> 0:21:03.119 he's a bad guy and is it the new Bond? Now? 0:21:03.480 --> 0:21:05.240 Is that right? Now? He's a bad guy in some 0:21:05.359 --> 0:21:08.399 movie coming up? And I was like, oh, that's brilliant. Yeah, like, 0:21:08.480 --> 0:21:11.040 no one sounds more diabolical than for an earths all. Yeah, 0:21:11.119 --> 0:21:13.560 it's perfect. Um, but yeah, no, that's that's a good 0:21:13.560 --> 0:21:15.040 one too. And I think they shot it in three 0:21:15.119 --> 0:21:17.960 D as well. It's supposed to be like really good. Um, 0:21:18.000 --> 0:21:21.080 but yeah, check that one out. It's it's very interesting 0:21:21.160 --> 0:21:24.840 because they figure out that, Um, they're like, why why 0:21:24.880 --> 0:21:27.680 would these idiots draw bison with eight legs? Was there 0:21:27.680 --> 0:21:30.200 an eight legged bison back then? And then somebody figured 0:21:30.240 --> 0:21:33.560 out that if you look at it by by torchlight, 0:21:34.080 --> 0:21:37.400 not electric torch but real fire torches, it move. It moves. 0:21:37.400 --> 0:21:40.760 Oh my god, that is so cool. Yeah, wow, that's awesome. 0:21:41.359 --> 0:21:44.000 Uh yeah, I highly recommend you guys go and google 0:21:44.000 --> 0:21:48.080 image these um L A S c A U X 0:21:48.200 --> 0:21:50.680 France and it's all over the place. And what was 0:21:50.720 --> 0:21:53.800 the other one? Chauve h u v e T. Yeah, 0:21:53.920 --> 0:21:56.240 very cool stuff and c have forgotten dreams if you're 0:21:56.240 --> 0:21:58.960 into that. I mean, it's a lot of cattle drawings, granted, 0:21:59.680 --> 0:22:03.520 but um, you know it's better than you would think, 0:22:03.760 --> 0:22:06.080 You're right, considering they're doing this on a cave twenty 0:22:06.440 --> 0:22:11.199 years ago. Right. Uh. There's also bio speleology, which we 0:22:11.240 --> 0:22:13.720 talked about at length and we don't need to really 0:22:14.200 --> 0:22:17.520 get into here again, go listen to the biospeleology episode. 0:22:17.640 --> 0:22:20.480 But that's another reason people go through caves. But ultimately 0:22:20.520 --> 0:22:22.280