WEBVTT - How Cockroaches Work 0:00:02.680 --> 0:00:05.760 Come to stuff you should know from house Stuff work 0:00:05.800 --> 0:00:13.880 stocks dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. And 0:00:13.920 --> 0:00:16.520 I'm Josh Clark and Charles W. Chuck Bryant is with me. 0:00:16.960 --> 0:00:19.040 He's got his glasses on, he's got his hair shorn, 0:00:19.160 --> 0:00:21.360 his fingernails are chewed down to the quick. He's ready 0:00:21.400 --> 0:00:23.919 to go. I was hoping we could open the show 0:00:23.920 --> 0:00:28.560 with lakukaracha playing in the background. Well, oh yeah, we can't. 0:00:28.560 --> 0:00:30.400 I don't know if we can or not. I can't know. 0:00:30.480 --> 0:00:33.440 There's no way we can't. Well, hold on, let's let's 0:00:33.479 --> 0:00:36.159 humme it. We could probably do that, right, that's wayne. 0:00:36.800 --> 0:00:38.880 People just imagine in your heads that you're sipping a 0:00:38.960 --> 0:00:42.319 margharita and some mariachi band is playing lukukaracha right now. 0:00:42.560 --> 0:00:46.080 Not to be confused with tequila, no, which is similar. 0:00:46.680 --> 0:00:50.080 Now I always confused it too, really well, not want 0:00:50.080 --> 0:00:51.680 to hear him, but like if I think of la 0:00:51.720 --> 0:00:55.200 kukaracha like I often think of Peewee dancing on the bar, 0:00:55.600 --> 0:00:58.279 then I'm like, oh, yeah, this tequila. But you know 0:00:58.360 --> 0:01:02.640 what Luca lookukarat is about out. I assumed cockroaches, but 0:01:02.680 --> 0:01:04.640 probably not. No, a cockroach who has lost one of 0:01:04.680 --> 0:01:07.959 his legs and it's having a hard time. I just 0:01:08.040 --> 0:01:10.240 found that out today. I did not know that. Look 0:01:10.319 --> 0:01:12.520 at me. I didn't either until like just a few 0:01:12.600 --> 0:01:17.760 hours ago, Chuck, I was once like, you naive to 0:01:17.880 --> 0:01:22.280 the way of Kaa. Alright, so we talked about lakukaratas 0:01:22.360 --> 0:01:25.440 you'd hoped you feel good. Yeah, have you ever seen 0:01:25.480 --> 0:01:31.440 the X Files episode with the cockroaches. I don't know. Oh, 0:01:31.480 --> 0:01:34.480 it is perfect. It's one of the top five. And 0:01:34.520 --> 0:01:37.520 it's not even like a part of it, part of 0:01:37.520 --> 0:01:40.800 the big bigger picture once, it's like its own thing. Yeah, 0:01:40.840 --> 0:01:43.160 they have the name for those episodes. I can't remember 0:01:43.200 --> 0:01:45.240 what it's called. But like when it's just about a 0:01:45.240 --> 0:01:46.840 shape shift or and it has nothing to do with 0:01:47.880 --> 0:01:51.760 the overarching conspiracy. Yeah, it's one of those, and it's 0:01:51.800 --> 0:01:55.440 just about cockroaches and a cockroach infestation may or may 0:01:55.440 --> 0:01:58.480 not exist. But at one point, like it's getting really 0:01:58.520 --> 0:02:01.240 like the cockroaches are everywhere and like everybody's starting to 0:02:01.280 --> 0:02:04.880 go a little crazy and all that, and they they 0:02:04.360 --> 0:02:08.160 m digitized the cockroach like crawling across your TV screen 0:02:08.560 --> 0:02:11.840 like obviously not part of the scene, and it looks 0:02:11.880 --> 0:02:14.799 like it was on your screen. So like, you're it 0:02:14.800 --> 0:02:17.680 looks like there's a cockroach in your house. It was, 0:02:18.280 --> 0:02:20.359 it was, It's a good episode. Yeah, I was late 0:02:20.360 --> 0:02:21.880 on the X Files. I didn't watch it when it 0:02:21.919 --> 0:02:24.040 was out. And then when I moved to New Jersey 0:02:24.080 --> 0:02:27.440 they started doing reruns and Justin I was living at 0:02:27.440 --> 0:02:30.000 the time, was like, you never watched X Files. It 0:02:30.120 --> 0:02:32.120 was like no, And then it was on every night. 0:02:33.000 --> 0:02:35.080 I watched the crap out of it that did you 0:02:35.080 --> 0:02:38.520 see the Charles Nelson Riley one where he's like an artist? 0:02:38.520 --> 0:02:41.440 It's jose Chunks from outer Space? Remember where like could 0:02:41.480 --> 0:02:44.320 Jessie the Body Venture and Alex Trebecker in it? Really, 0:02:44.480 --> 0:02:46.400 I didn't know. I must not have seen them all 0:02:46.400 --> 0:02:48.680 because I was catching them on reruns. You didn't see 0:02:48.680 --> 0:02:51.440 like some of the best ones. Go see go watch 0:02:51.480 --> 0:02:56.760 those two. I know you have access to them. All right, Okay? Done? So, Um, 0:02:57.080 --> 0:03:00.480 we're talking cockroaches here and apparently also just through the 0:03:00.480 --> 0:03:06.160 body of ventura. Um, did you know, Chuck, the cockroaches 0:03:07.200 --> 0:03:12.520 are extremely clean insects. Well always said the same thing 0:03:12.560 --> 0:03:17.359 about vultures. They are personally clean. Apparently they do track 0:03:17.639 --> 0:03:22.240 a lot of germs spread disease. They apparently leave a 0:03:22.320 --> 0:03:25.079 trail of fecal material everywhere they go, because it's like 0:03:25.120 --> 0:03:27.200 a bit of bread crumbs for them to follow back. 0:03:27.560 --> 0:03:32.000 They spread bacteria, of course, in that fecal material. Um, 0:03:32.040 --> 0:03:35.400 there are proteins that set off up to six of 0:03:35.640 --> 0:03:40.320 allergy sufferers allergies. They'll eat garbage and waste, they'll they'll 0:03:40.360 --> 0:03:44.320 crawl on poop that your dog laid down in the 0:03:44.400 --> 0:03:47.640 yard and eat it if your dog doesn't need it first. 0:03:47.920 --> 0:03:52.440 And yet a cockroach itself is very clean because they're 0:03:52.480 --> 0:03:58.480 extremely um intense groomers. First of all, they keep their 0:03:58.520 --> 0:04:02.760 antenna clean because they have fatty secretion or some sort 0:04:02.760 --> 0:04:05.440 of secretion that if they don't clean it off, we'll 0:04:05.440 --> 0:04:08.920 block their antenna from sensing things. So they constantly clean 0:04:09.000 --> 0:04:11.760 their antenna. But apparently they also clean their feet and everything. 0:04:12.160 --> 0:04:15.480 And I read about a study. It was pretty almost anecdotal, 0:04:15.520 --> 0:04:20.680 it was so outside of the scientific method. But um, 0:04:20.800 --> 0:04:23.920 they took a swab from a guy's hands who hadn't 0:04:24.080 --> 0:04:26.800 washed his hands for two hours, and they took a 0:04:26.880 --> 0:04:30.799 swab off of the foot or tarsus, i should say, 0:04:30.880 --> 0:04:34.560 of a cockroach who had been walking through garbage, and 0:04:34.600 --> 0:04:37.640 then two hours later, they took a swab and um, 0:04:37.760 --> 0:04:41.200 they put it in culture and the guy grew way 0:04:41.240 --> 0:04:45.320 more bacteria than the cockroaches culture did. I don't care, 0:04:45.560 --> 0:04:48.760 which means that that man is dirty year than a cockroach. 0:04:49.720 --> 0:04:52.480 They proved it. I would still smash the cockroach with 0:04:52.480 --> 0:04:55.240 my flip flop. See. I don't believe there's a there's 0:04:55.240 --> 0:04:57.240 a sect out there, and I don't know if it's 0:04:57.400 --> 0:05:02.279 Hinduism or Jainism. It's one of those two where the 0:05:02.279 --> 0:05:06.960 the monks of this sect um carry little brooms hand 0:05:06.960 --> 0:05:11.279 brooms to kind of brush everything off wherever they sit 0:05:11.520 --> 0:05:15.040 so they don't accidentally kill even the tiniest I think 0:05:15.160 --> 0:05:18.240 that's great, and I kind of agree with that. I 0:05:18.240 --> 0:05:20.440 think everything is a right to life. Now, you have 0:05:21.360 --> 0:05:24.960 been on record on this very show talking about killing 0:05:25.000 --> 0:05:28.640 cockroaches because the way the skitter. No, no, no, not cockroaches. 0:05:29.040 --> 0:05:34.240 I am down with killing mosquitoes and ticks. No, you 0:05:34.240 --> 0:05:37.799 talked about the cockroaches. I don't kill cockroaches. You talked 0:05:37.920 --> 0:05:39.560 very much about how fast they are and how they 0:05:39.560 --> 0:05:42.680 skitter and how that freaks you out. I don't kill them. No, 0:05:42.920 --> 0:05:45.760 I don't kill roaches. I'm telling you, like I defy 0:05:45.800 --> 0:05:48.200 you to find the time stamp. All right, somebody please 0:05:48.240 --> 0:05:51.640 help me. Okay. Um, I will kill the crap out 0:05:51.680 --> 0:05:58.120 of a mosquito, a cockroach, and um, I will generally 0:05:58.160 --> 0:06:01.760 shoe a fly. Now i'll kill lies. I generally won't 0:06:01.800 --> 0:06:04.640 kill a fly because they're not a big problem. But 0:06:04.920 --> 0:06:07.120 you don't have flies around you all the time now 0:06:07.240 --> 0:06:12.200 like me. But um, mosquitoes and cockroaches I will kill. 0:06:12.279 --> 0:06:15.400 And that's about it. Yeah, everything else right to life. 0:06:15.560 --> 0:06:20.920 Cockroaches you must die. So cockroaches are Um. I guess 0:06:20.920 --> 0:06:24.240 they understand that Chuck wants them to die. Many people do. 0:06:24.279 --> 0:06:29.480 They're very disliked, which has possibly accounted for them evolving 0:06:29.680 --> 0:06:33.520 to be really difficult to kill. For one, they're nocturnal, 0:06:34.279 --> 0:06:38.080 so they're hiding away from us when we're up because 0:06:38.080 --> 0:06:43.520 we're diurnal. Does the opposite of nocturnal. Yeah. Um, they 0:06:43.680 --> 0:06:47.200 have sensors, little sensors in there. Um, we'll get to 0:06:47.279 --> 0:06:52.359 that spoiler. They run really fast, they do. They reproduce 0:06:52.400 --> 0:06:57.280 extremely quickly. And there's more than four thousand species of cockroach. 0:06:57.680 --> 0:06:59.359 So you would think the whole rule would be infested 0:06:59.400 --> 0:07:02.680 with cockroach is but not true. It's actually mainly just 0:07:02.760 --> 0:07:07.880 one species, the German cockroach, that is h accountable for 0:07:08.160 --> 0:07:12.040 most infestations in homes around the world. That's right, that 0:07:12.200 --> 0:07:15.960 is one of the four main species that you might see, 0:07:16.000 --> 0:07:19.240 the German, the American a k. A. Palmetto bug, which 0:07:19.240 --> 0:07:23.120 are big, Oh yeah, man creepy. There's one man that 0:07:23.240 --> 0:07:25.240 like in South America. It's like as big as your hand, 0:07:25.400 --> 0:07:30.960 six inches lunch, one foot wing diameter wingspan. The brown 0:07:31.000 --> 0:07:35.200 banded cocka roach and the oriental cocka roach um are 0:07:35.280 --> 0:07:38.360 the four that you're likely to come across in your life. 0:07:38.400 --> 0:07:41.120 And the German cockroach an American are the ones you're 0:07:41.120 --> 0:07:43.600 going to see here in the United States. And they 0:07:43.640 --> 0:07:47.680 have been brought here by you because they get that 0:07:47.760 --> 0:07:49.800 you know, they're not obviously gonna fly from continent. In 0:07:49.800 --> 0:07:52.880 the continent, they hit tribes on airplanes and boats and 0:07:53.280 --> 0:07:57.040 getting chipping containers and in your mouth, moving boxes and 0:07:57.560 --> 0:08:02.920 ghosery bags, and they are ubiquitous, and they, like all 0:08:03.000 --> 0:08:06.640 insects are most insects, they do a service. Most of 0:08:06.640 --> 0:08:08.680 them are going to be out in the woods like 0:08:08.880 --> 0:08:10.960 chewing stuff and pooping it out and being a part 0:08:11.000 --> 0:08:14.080 of the ecosystem um. But it's the ones in the 0:08:14.120 --> 0:08:18.280 home that really freaked people out right, And Chuck, I 0:08:18.320 --> 0:08:21.280 think one of the more fascinating things. And by the way, 0:08:21.400 --> 0:08:23.440 Rod just turned out to be pretty fascinating, even more 0:08:23.480 --> 0:08:25.840 than I expect him. I just thought there were a 0:08:25.880 --> 0:08:27.800 few things that were fascinating where you creeped out, like 0:08:27.880 --> 0:08:30.280 reading this or do so it's not like that you 0:08:30.320 --> 0:08:34.080 just hate them, Yeah, I mean there, it's like you 0:08:34.160 --> 0:08:36.480 previously talked about that you deny. It's the way they 0:08:36.520 --> 0:08:39.840 move and how fast they are is what creeps me out. 0:08:40.240 --> 0:08:43.400 And like, there's no greater fear than laying in bed 0:08:44.120 --> 0:08:47.600 and seeing one on the ceiling above you, just waiting 0:08:47.600 --> 0:08:50.280 for it to fall into your mouth. Yeah, but apparently 0:08:50.320 --> 0:08:52.920 they are pretty good at not falling off of the ceiling. 0:08:53.000 --> 0:08:56.640 That's true. Um, And they've had a long time to 0:08:56.679 --> 0:09:00.640 practice this kind of stuff. They've been around for about 0:09:00.679 --> 0:09:05.240 three twenty million years, longer than dinosaurs, way longer than 0:09:05.320 --> 0:09:08.640 dinosas they survived that extinction event they did, and well 0:09:09.160 --> 0:09:11.920 let's talk about it, Chuck. Just how much of an 0:09:11.920 --> 0:09:17.600 extinction event can a cockroach survive? Can they survive a 0:09:17.760 --> 0:09:21.400 nuclear fallout, a nuclear war that would kill all humans? 0:09:21.760 --> 0:09:24.920 Could a cockroach survive as they are rumored to. Uh 0:09:25.120 --> 0:09:29.440 maybe that's sadly, it's like we don't know because that 0:09:29.520 --> 0:09:35.320 hasn't happened. Not sadly, thankfully that hasn't happened. But um, 0:09:35.480 --> 0:09:38.320 the answer is some people say maybe, some people say 0:09:38.360 --> 0:09:41.000 maybe not. Um. What we definitely know is they probably 0:09:41.000 --> 0:09:45.280 could not survive the nuclear winter because they like warm, 0:09:45.440 --> 0:09:48.400 moist places and the nuclear winter would not be good 0:09:48.400 --> 0:09:53.520 for cockroaches. Apparently they're less susceptible the radiation poisoning and 0:09:53.760 --> 0:09:57.400 humans are, but more than most insects. So as far 0:09:57.440 --> 0:10:00.480 as insects goes, they might not be the best candidate, right, 0:10:01.240 --> 0:10:06.000 Uh yeah, so maybe, but probably not. I'm kind of 0:10:06.040 --> 0:10:08.960 on that side that they probably wouldn't survive a nuclear war, 0:10:09.600 --> 0:10:12.400 so we're talking about radiation though not like the blast 0:10:12.480 --> 0:10:16.760 obviously that would kill everything, you know. Um, alright, so 0:10:16.800 --> 0:10:21.520 they survived the dinosaurs extinction event. They have been around 0:10:21.520 --> 0:10:25.240 for three million years. They are very hearty little insects. 0:10:26.040 --> 0:10:29.760 Let's talk a little bit about their bodies. They're creepy, 0:10:29.880 --> 0:10:34.079 little crunchy bodies. So, um, most of them are between 0:10:34.400 --> 0:10:37.319 two inch half an inch and two inches long. They're 0:10:37.360 --> 0:10:40.199 brown or black usually and that length is minus their 0:10:40.240 --> 0:10:43.400 intended that's just their bodieside, you don't and their heads 0:10:43.679 --> 0:10:46.920 point downward like as Tracy Wilson, who wrote this article 0:10:46.960 --> 0:10:50.120 points out, almost as if they're built for ramming or 0:10:50.280 --> 0:10:52.360 just searching for stuff. You know, it's another way to 0:10:52.400 --> 0:10:54.520 look at it. The males are the ones that have wings. 0:10:54.600 --> 0:10:57.520 Females may have wings, but their vestigial wings they can't 0:10:57.559 --> 0:11:01.480 fly with them. Males can fly not very well though, 0:11:01.840 --> 0:11:05.000 which makes them even more horrific when a palmetal bug, 0:11:05.000 --> 0:11:07.280 a big one is flying at your face because you 0:11:07.320 --> 0:11:10.600 know he has no control exactly. Yeah, it's sort of 0:11:10.640 --> 0:11:12.920 like the cicada. Like they're I don't think their wind 0:11:13.000 --> 0:11:15.959 wings were made for flying, but if they jump off 0:11:16.000 --> 0:11:17.880 of something high, they can help them a little bit, 0:11:18.600 --> 0:11:21.960 uh to glide perhaps and not like hit the ground 0:11:22.040 --> 0:11:26.640 is hard um short distances basically, and their their insects, 0:11:27.040 --> 0:11:30.400 which means that they have three main body regions, the head, 0:11:30.440 --> 0:11:34.160 the thorax, and the abdomen. They have an exoskeleton that 0:11:34.240 --> 0:11:37.120 they molt as they grow, and they mold a number 0:11:37.120 --> 0:11:40.400 of times, depending on the cockroach species, over the course 0:11:40.440 --> 0:11:41.840 of a couple of weeks or over the course of 0:11:41.840 --> 0:11:44.720 a couple of years, and their lifespans also are um 0:11:44.960 --> 0:11:48.520 uh in step with that molting schedule. Um. But they 0:11:48.800 --> 0:11:51.240 cockroach will mold several times over its life before it 0:11:51.280 --> 0:11:54.160 becomes an adult. Yes, and when they molt, um, it's 0:11:54.160 --> 0:11:55.920 the same thing as when they're born. They're gonna look 0:11:55.960 --> 0:11:59.559 white and um that's probably kind of creepy looking. I've 0:11:59.600 --> 0:12:02.480 never seen a molted cockroach like a skinless cockroach. It's 0:12:02.520 --> 0:12:08.960 like the lady in hell raizor before she uh and uh. 0:12:09.080 --> 0:12:12.280 They're they're pretty susceptible to injury and death obviously when 0:12:12.520 --> 0:12:17.560 but when after they've molted before bursicon, which is a hormone, 0:12:17.640 --> 0:12:21.280 makes their exoskeleton hard and dark once again. Then they 0:12:21.280 --> 0:12:24.000 have their little armor um, which is no match for 0:12:24.040 --> 0:12:28.199 a flip flop by uh. They can regrow lost limbs 0:12:28.280 --> 0:12:30.640 when it molts, which is pretty cool, and they can 0:12:30.679 --> 0:12:32.560 even put molting off for a little while in order 0:12:32.600 --> 0:12:37.000 to regrow a lost limb. Um in their head. Let's 0:12:37.000 --> 0:12:39.920 go over their head. They have eyes and their antenna, 0:12:39.960 --> 0:12:42.400 which we've talked about, which we'll get into more specifically. 0:12:43.000 --> 0:12:46.120 And there Tracy loves saying mouth parts. Yeah, she writes 0:12:46.120 --> 0:12:48.800 a lot of these articles. Yeah, she she will never 0:12:48.920 --> 0:12:52.760 just say mouths. Yeah, it's not a true mouth apparently, 0:12:52.800 --> 0:12:55.680 it's yeah, a mouth part. Yeah. They do have brains, 0:12:55.840 --> 0:12:58.439 by the way, and they are the brain is in 0:12:58.520 --> 0:13:01.400 the head, but the brain is not like a human 0:13:01.480 --> 0:13:04.120 or a mammal brain. It's not doing it's like it's 0:13:04.160 --> 0:13:06.319 not connected to a big central nervous system or anything 0:13:06.320 --> 0:13:08.720 like that. Right, there is a central nervous system that 0:13:08.760 --> 0:13:12.479 it's not in the head. Um. There's a h it's 0:13:12.480 --> 0:13:16.800 some sort of ganglia um that allows the roach to 0:13:16.840 --> 0:13:20.240 continue living for up to a week after it loses 0:13:20.280 --> 0:13:22.840 its head. Yeah. This is a pretty good roach fact. Okay, 0:13:22.920 --> 0:13:25.679 I think okay, Um, So you can cut a roach 0:13:25.760 --> 0:13:27.560 his head off and it will live for a week 0:13:27.679 --> 0:13:29.720 and do all the normal things that a roach does 0:13:30.120 --> 0:13:32.680 for a week, and then when it finally dies, it 0:13:32.760 --> 0:13:37.320 dies because of thirst. Yeah, yeah, because they they actually breathe. 0:13:37.360 --> 0:13:39.240 They don't breathe through the nose and mouth. They breathe 0:13:39.280 --> 0:13:42.040 through their sides. There's little holes in their side called 0:13:42.080 --> 0:13:46.760 spiricles and trachea tubes deliver the oxygen to the organs 0:13:46.760 --> 0:13:50.040 and tissues through their sides. So there's you know, cut 0:13:50.080 --> 0:13:52.240 off the head and it just dies of thirst. Yeah, 0:13:52.440 --> 0:13:56.200 which is my new favorite game. Actually that's not true 0:13:56.600 --> 0:14:00.760 because that's like future serial killer stuff. It is like 0:14:00.800 --> 0:14:03.679 you torture cockroaches, and you torture animals, and you torture humans. 0:14:04.160 --> 0:14:07.240 Once you've moved down to the chipmunks, it's probably beyond 0:14:07.280 --> 0:14:09.520 the point of no return. You're a bad person. Jeffrey 0:14:09.559 --> 0:14:14.839 Dahmer tortured animals. He would lay down and uh like 0:14:14.960 --> 0:14:16.840 he would come across a dead deer in the forest 0:14:16.880 --> 0:14:18.760 and like lay down with it and spoon with it. 0:14:18.840 --> 0:14:22.000 It's like a Johnny Depp and Dead Man. Did he 0:14:22.040 --> 0:14:24.600 do that? Did the exact same thing? Well, maybe he 0:14:24.680 --> 0:14:27.120 was a serial killer. I don't think he was. He 0:14:27.240 --> 0:14:30.360 was a killer, but done a serial killer. That just 0:14:30.360 --> 0:14:32.720 shows how messed up Dahmer was that man. Yeah, to 0:14:32.920 --> 0:14:35.720 like that was a connection to him, was like holding 0:14:35.720 --> 0:15:12.520 this dead animal, all right, like the cockroaches. Um, so 0:15:12.840 --> 0:15:16.120 that's the head. Yeah, let's talk about their eyes. Their 0:15:16.160 --> 0:15:19.040 eyes are compound eyes. Um. So they see the world 0:15:19.040 --> 0:15:23.200 in a mosaic like a fly. Like a fly, all right, 0:15:23.600 --> 0:15:27.960 So we talked about their eyes. I actually asked Tracy today, 0:15:28.240 --> 0:15:31.840 I was like, you you wrote a bunch of insect articles. 0:15:32.440 --> 0:15:35.040 Didn't you ever get sick about talking about the head, 0:15:35.040 --> 0:15:39.040 the abdomin, the thorax, mouthparts, the legs. They're all the 0:15:39.080 --> 0:15:42.480 same for insects, No, they're not. They all have these 0:15:42.760 --> 0:15:44.640 they're all the same, but they all have different little 0:15:44.680 --> 0:15:47.680 adaptations that make them different. I was like, how did 0:15:47.680 --> 0:15:50.040 you not get tired of it? She said, she was 0:15:50.080 --> 0:15:55.240 fascinated the whole time. She said, san x, that's trable, nit, 0:15:55.880 --> 0:15:58.760 that's tracy of stuff you miss in history class. By 0:15:58.760 --> 0:16:02.680 the way, plug plug. Um, So we talked about the antenna. 0:16:02.760 --> 0:16:06.520 They are movable and they are known as antennal flagella, 0:16:06.800 --> 0:16:12.680 and uh, they're actually tiny, tiny little hair covered segments 0:16:12.680 --> 0:16:15.360 and like it's it's thicker where it attaches at the head, 0:16:15.360 --> 0:16:17.640 and it gets thinner and thinner and thinner until it's 0:16:17.680 --> 0:16:20.440 just like a human hair almost at the end. And 0:16:20.520 --> 0:16:23.800 these things since, um, they smell sort of right, Yeah, 0:16:23.880 --> 0:16:30.560 they basically I guess, uh sense pheromones. Yeah, the there 0:16:30.640 --> 0:16:34.120 you have it. They sense pheromones, They pick up odors. 0:16:34.320 --> 0:16:38.440 I think they they're pretty finally tuned to the environment. Yeah, 0:16:38.440 --> 0:16:42.600 but that's like really how they're getting around, right, Like 0:16:42.840 --> 0:16:45.560 even though they have eyes, isn't the antenna really the secret? 0:16:45.720 --> 0:16:48.520 I believe? So okay, um, chuck, you want to talk 0:16:48.520 --> 0:16:53.440 about mouth parts? Yes, Um. They are a lot different 0:16:53.440 --> 0:16:55.880 than mammals, as Tracy points out, Um, but they do 0:16:55.960 --> 0:16:59.720 have parts that sort of are akin to how mammal's 0:16:59.760 --> 0:17:04.080 mouth work. For instance, there's a laborum and labium and 0:17:04.119 --> 0:17:08.320 they form the lips. Uh. Mandibles, there's two of those, 0:17:08.400 --> 0:17:11.160 and they cut and grind things like your teeth might, 0:17:11.720 --> 0:17:15.680 which is very important because roaches eat literally anything. Yeah, 0:17:15.800 --> 0:17:18.840 and sometimes that's like wood and other stuff like they 0:17:18.840 --> 0:17:21.040 shouldn't be able to eat, but they can. That's right, 0:17:21.760 --> 0:17:24.560 go ahead, thanks to the mandibles and some other things 0:17:24.560 --> 0:17:26.840 that we'll get to. Uh. And then they have to stop. 0:17:28.359 --> 0:17:32.159 And then there's a couple of maxilla, and they basically 0:17:33.040 --> 0:17:38.200 manipulate the food chewing. Yeah, like a squirrel, Yeah, squirrels 0:17:38.280 --> 0:17:43.600 arms or hands, yeah, or a dung beetle. Yeah. The thorax, 0:17:44.080 --> 0:17:45.720 which is one of the body parts that one of 0:17:45.720 --> 0:17:49.080 the three pieces of the body um, and that has 0:17:49.160 --> 0:17:53.080 the three pairs of legs and the wings and the 0:17:53.240 --> 0:17:56.520 legs are so named after the part of the thorax 0:17:56.600 --> 0:17:58.600 that they're attached to right, So you get the pro, 0:17:58.840 --> 0:18:02.399 the mezzo, and meta. So the pro is closest to 0:18:02.400 --> 0:18:06.040 the head mezzo middle. Yeah, the pro are like the 0:18:06.040 --> 0:18:10.040 brakes apparently, and the yeah, the pro Yeah, that's they 0:18:10.119 --> 0:18:13.240 just do stopping. Yeah, the middle ones can make the 0:18:13.320 --> 0:18:16.600 roach go forward or backward. And then so that's the 0:18:16.600 --> 0:18:20.000 mesothoracic legs. Then the metathoracic legs. The ones in the 0:18:20.040 --> 0:18:23.199 rear are the ones that propel the roach forward. And 0:18:23.240 --> 0:18:25.520 here's another good roach fact. You take this one. Man 0:18:25.720 --> 0:18:28.440 is awesome. Uh, they can move about fifty body links 0:18:28.440 --> 0:18:31.480 in a second, which is up to three miles an hour. 0:18:31.840 --> 0:18:34.760 Sounds very slow to us, but think about this in 0:18:34.880 --> 0:18:38.639 roach terms. That's right. If that were a human being, Uh, 0:18:38.680 --> 0:18:40.760 that would mean we would be running two hundred miles 0:18:40.760 --> 0:18:43.080 an hour. Yeah, that's why they look so fast. It's 0:18:43.080 --> 0:18:45.720 because they are hard. They are fast. Now, like to us, 0:18:46.119 --> 0:18:48.240 three miles an hour is not that much but very 0:18:48.240 --> 0:18:50.639 slow walk. That equals two hundred miles an hour in 0:18:50.720 --> 0:18:53.600 reality for us. Yeah, and part two of that roach fact, 0:18:53.640 --> 0:18:57.240 which I think is just horrifying. When a roach runs 0:18:57.280 --> 0:19:01.600 really really fast, sometimes it gets air and just is 0:19:01.600 --> 0:19:06.359 basically running on its back legs only, but the front 0:19:06.440 --> 0:19:08.320 the other legs are still moving. So that's just like 0:19:08.359 --> 0:19:14.000 my worst nightmare. They're coming after you, exactly, man. So 0:19:14.119 --> 0:19:17.040 they the three pairs are all built the exact same 0:19:17.080 --> 0:19:20.760 They all have the same parts, but they are different lengths. 0:19:21.320 --> 0:19:25.199 They function slightly differently. Um, but they all moved the 0:19:25.240 --> 0:19:28.320 same way. It just depends on, you know, what the 0:19:28.400 --> 0:19:30.560 roach wants to do. Like we said, the pro thorastic 0:19:30.640 --> 0:19:34.840 legs active breaks. The mesothorastic um can move it forward 0:19:34.880 --> 0:19:38.920 or back, and then the meta push it forward and 0:19:38.920 --> 0:19:44.440 and they apparently move like poco sticks and then back 0:19:44.440 --> 0:19:48.280 and forth too, and they work in conjunction to allow 0:19:48.320 --> 0:19:51.959 the roach to kind of walk over just about anything. So, um, 0:19:52.040 --> 0:19:57.320 when the the pro and meta thoracic legs on one 0:19:57.359 --> 0:20:01.119 side are moving, the meso thor ascic leg the middle 0:20:01.119 --> 0:20:03.320 one on the other side is moving. So that's how 0:20:03.320 --> 0:20:05.880 they move, which apparently it's a little a TV. It's 0:20:05.880 --> 0:20:11.320 like a four by four. Yeah, what's that? Uh. She 0:20:11.440 --> 0:20:14.320 also points out that there are, um the parts of 0:20:14.359 --> 0:20:16.800 the leg you can sort of approximate as if it 0:20:16.800 --> 0:20:19.600 were a human. They have a tricnter that's like our 0:20:19.680 --> 0:20:24.840 knees uh femur. An tibia um resemble arthai and shins, 0:20:25.600 --> 0:20:27.879 and then they have the tarsus, which is the ankle 0:20:28.000 --> 0:20:32.040 and foot right, and the tarsus is hooked in a roach, 0:20:32.160 --> 0:20:36.000 which allows it to walk on the ceiling over your head, 0:20:36.080 --> 0:20:39.720 most frightening thing ever, and on walls. And when a 0:20:39.840 --> 0:20:43.000 roaches on the ground, it runs very quickly, but when 0:20:43.040 --> 0:20:46.560 it's on a ceiling, it moves much more methodically because 0:20:47.040 --> 0:20:49.720 it doesn't want to follow them upside down. Yea, if 0:20:49.760 --> 0:20:54.080 three miles an hour equals two an hour to us, yeah, 0:20:54.400 --> 0:20:57.400 imagine what a ten ft drop equals to a poor 0:20:57.440 --> 0:21:00.880 little roach. Well, not enough, because it lands, flips itself over, 0:21:00.960 --> 0:21:03.760 and then runs away again. But it's humiliated, that's true. 0:21:04.320 --> 0:21:07.240 Uh twenty seven times per second, these legs can move 0:21:07.280 --> 0:21:10.720 back and forth. So these are fast, fast little boogers, 0:21:11.960 --> 0:21:15.000 which is why you previously talked about hating them because 0:21:15.000 --> 0:21:18.600 they were so fast. I really I don't I'm gonna 0:21:18.600 --> 0:21:21.800 find it. Okay, I'll bet I didn't say I'd kill him. 0:21:21.840 --> 0:21:28.080 I've long advocated for road to his rights, all right, 0:21:28.200 --> 0:21:31.640 So now we're the abdomen um. They do have a heart. 0:21:31.840 --> 0:21:34.640 It is a tool instructure and does move blood along, 0:21:35.240 --> 0:21:39.600 but it does not carry um oxygen around, so A, 0:21:39.960 --> 0:21:43.640 the blood is not red, and B they move oxygen 0:21:43.720 --> 0:21:48.040 and blood around in other ways through basically empty spaces 0:21:48.119 --> 0:21:51.520 called hemo hemo coles. Yeah, it's pretty much the absence 0:21:51.560 --> 0:21:53.960 of a fact there. Yeah, well it's in the air 0:21:54.080 --> 0:21:57.360 to carries blood around to the organs. But yeah, she says, 0:21:57.440 --> 0:22:00.920 the blood just travels through these spaces. And then rather 0:22:01.080 --> 0:22:03.480 than having to worry about like a spare tire or 0:22:03.520 --> 0:22:06.199 something like that, I like a fat belly. Right, they 0:22:06.280 --> 0:22:09.680 have a actual fat body and it's just this little 0:22:10.000 --> 0:22:12.320 area where they store all the fat in their body. 0:22:13.280 --> 0:22:16.960 Very smart. I have that same place. It's between my 0:22:17.080 --> 0:22:19.040 chin and my waist. Yeah. I guess they do have 0:22:19.080 --> 0:22:22.159 to worry about a spare tire, but it's a very 0:22:22.200 --> 0:22:27.040 specific one. Yeah, that's true, you know. Okay, so let's 0:22:27.080 --> 0:22:30.800 talk about digestion um. The the digestive system is in 0:22:30.880 --> 0:22:34.399 the abdomen, and it's really not super unlike it's just 0:22:34.480 --> 0:22:37.440 like a simplified version of our own or any mammals 0:22:37.600 --> 0:22:40.640 digestive system. But like you said, they can eat things 0:22:40.680 --> 0:22:43.879 like in digestings like wood and cellulose, so they do 0:22:44.119 --> 0:22:48.000 need some help from specialized parts, one of which is 0:22:48.080 --> 0:22:51.879 called a crop. Right, that's um it basically holds the 0:22:52.000 --> 0:22:56.879 food while apart behind it um a toothy section in 0:22:56.960 --> 0:23:01.879 the digestive. So that is gross. And it's equal to 0:23:02.000 --> 0:23:08.840 like a an octopus having a beak, crushing beak. They're squishy, 0:23:08.880 --> 0:23:10.760 they're not supposed to have a hard beak in the middle. 0:23:10.840 --> 0:23:13.520 It's crazy. Yeah, it's called a probe and triculus on 0:23:13.560 --> 0:23:16.520 the roach, and that just pulverizes the stuff like wood 0:23:16.600 --> 0:23:19.080 or whatever it's tough to digest, and then and then 0:23:19.160 --> 0:23:22.520 it pushes it back. This this pulverized part to the 0:23:22.680 --> 0:23:27.320 gastric cassilla, which houses enzymes, microbes, things that break it 0:23:27.359 --> 0:23:30.920 down even further. And all this is just the preliminary stuff. 0:23:30.960 --> 0:23:33.560 This is like what we do in our mouth. Um. 0:23:34.040 --> 0:23:36.080 All this is going through this process in a roach 0:23:36.200 --> 0:23:38.879 before it even gets to the part where it starts 0:23:38.960 --> 0:23:44.080 to digest. This this is sort of gross, like the digestion. 0:23:44.119 --> 0:23:48.120 When I was we haven't said the word bolus yet, Well, 0:23:48.280 --> 0:23:50.720 we just did. Uh. And then the searcy that we 0:23:50.760 --> 0:23:54.960 talked about earlier. These are the uh. It sort of 0:23:55.000 --> 0:23:57.920 looks like short little antenna sticking out from the butt 0:23:58.040 --> 0:24:02.680