1
00:00:00,520 --> 00:00:03,160
Speaker 1: Brought to you by the two thousand twelve Toyota Camera.

2
00:00:03,440 --> 00:00:08,039
Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff You Should Know?

3
00:00:08,680 --> 00:00:16,920
Speaker 1: From House Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to

4
00:00:16,920 --> 00:00:20,200
Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, There's Charles W Chuck Bryant.

5
00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:22,480
Speaker 1: We're doing this again. It's been a little while, been

6
00:00:22,480 --> 00:00:24,479
Speaker 1: a little while, but it's still stuff you should know.

7
00:00:25,160 --> 00:00:28,040
Speaker 1: But I thought the name had changed since we took

8
00:00:28,040 --> 00:00:30,560
Speaker 1: our little Christmas break. No, don't you remember our race

9
00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:36,040
Speaker 1: to the Patent Office trademarket again at the eleven That

10
00:00:36,120 --> 00:00:38,600
Speaker 1: was a close one boom and they stamped it. Yeah,

11
00:00:38,760 --> 00:00:40,839
Speaker 1: s Y s K. Actually they said s N s

12
00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:45,239
Speaker 1: K right now. Wait, s Y s N is what

13
00:00:45,280 --> 00:00:47,479
Speaker 1: we get from people a lot sometimes, And I'm like,

14
00:00:47,680 --> 00:00:51,480
Speaker 1: you know, no starts with the K. One of them does,

15
00:00:52,720 --> 00:00:57,160
Speaker 1: one of Yes, it's not stuff you should know? Is right?

16
00:00:57,800 --> 00:01:00,480
Speaker 1: It doesn't make any sense. How do you doing? Oh?

17
00:01:00,520 --> 00:01:03,680
Speaker 1: I'm great man? Are you okay? Good? Um? You want

18
00:01:03,680 --> 00:01:06,280
Speaker 1: to do this one? We're talking about gold? Yeah, man,

19
00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:07,880
Speaker 1: I've got a little bit of an intro. It might

20
00:01:07,920 --> 00:01:13,640
Speaker 1: be a stretch. We'll find out. Okay, that's here. Today's January,

21
00:01:13,800 --> 00:01:19,160
Speaker 1: tomorrow's January Day. It is Big Newton Day. And also

22
00:01:19,319 --> 00:01:23,640
Speaker 1: on this day in history, in the Mayan general, fire

23
00:01:23,760 --> 00:01:28,600
Speaker 1: is born. Uh conquered the Mayan city to Call, which

24
00:01:28,720 --> 00:01:32,240
Speaker 1: was recently rediscovered, well not recently, it's been rediscovered, the

25
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:36,600
Speaker 1: rediscovered anyone. Uh and Uh. What this did was it

26
00:01:36,800 --> 00:01:42,200
Speaker 1: enlarged the kingdom of King spear thrower Owl. The Minas

27
00:01:42,480 --> 00:01:46,240
Speaker 1: had the best names, great name um. And all of

28
00:01:46,280 --> 00:01:50,120
Speaker 1: this was going on in the heart of the Yucatan Peninsula.

29
00:01:51,240 --> 00:01:54,120
Speaker 1: If you went just a little to the north, you

30
00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:58,880
Speaker 1: would run into another group of people called Aztecs, which

31
00:01:58,880 --> 00:02:02,120
Speaker 1: were actually the Triple Federation, is what it's what they're

32
00:02:02,120 --> 00:02:06,560
Speaker 1: really called. Um. But if you were to stumble northward

33
00:02:06,600 --> 00:02:09,840
Speaker 1: and run into the Aztec Empire and ask for gold,

34
00:02:10,960 --> 00:02:12,799
Speaker 1: what they would give you is what they would call

35
00:02:12,919 --> 00:02:16,280
Speaker 1: excrement of the gods. Do you want to try to

36
00:02:16,280 --> 00:02:23,360
Speaker 1: pronounce it? Yeah, I'm gonna go with teo would. I

37
00:02:23,480 --> 00:02:27,200
Speaker 1: think that's pretty close. I think you may have done it, Chuck.

38
00:02:29,760 --> 00:02:32,800
Speaker 1: I think the last part is I love that language.

39
00:02:32,800 --> 00:02:35,639
Speaker 1: It's similar to like the some of the native languages

40
00:02:35,680 --> 00:02:38,919
Speaker 1: we heard in Guatemala. The that's because they're mine, yeah exactly,

41
00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:41,400
Speaker 1: but it's got that same like I don't know. It's

42
00:02:41,480 --> 00:02:43,720
Speaker 1: very staccato. It's kind of cool to hear, I think, right,

43
00:02:43,840 --> 00:02:47,040
Speaker 1: like the Mayan City, the heart of King, spirit thrower

44
00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:52,520
Speaker 1: owls um empires tetotactan, right, which sounds pretty close to

45
00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:57,240
Speaker 1: that word tilt, which means excrement of the gods. And

46
00:02:57,280 --> 00:03:00,400
Speaker 1: that's what the the the Aztecs considered gold. That was

47
00:03:00,840 --> 00:03:04,640
Speaker 1: a holy metal, a very very precious metal in every

48
00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:08,320
Speaker 1: sense of the word. And by three sight a d

49
00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:11,520
Speaker 1: they weren't the only ones to have loved gold for

50
00:03:11,520 --> 00:03:15,400
Speaker 1: a very long time. No, Egyptians were all over it.

51
00:03:15,760 --> 00:03:19,320
Speaker 1: They thought it was also divine. Wait, hold on, how

52
00:03:19,360 --> 00:03:22,320
Speaker 1: would you rate that intro? I would say that was

53
00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:24,880
Speaker 1: on a scale of what one to ten, I was

54
00:03:25,120 --> 00:03:31,400
Speaker 1: one to twenty. I would give it a solid like sixteen. Wow,

55
00:03:31,440 --> 00:03:34,000
Speaker 1: thanks Chuck, higher than you thought, way higher. I thought

56
00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:38,280
Speaker 1: I was gonna get a ten. That's why I extended it. No, no, no, um.

57
00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:40,400
Speaker 1: So the Egyptians, like I said, they also thought it

58
00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:44,840
Speaker 1: was divine of the gods, indestructible and uh they called

59
00:03:44,880 --> 00:03:48,320
Speaker 1: it uh. I guess Nube and ub and if you

60
00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:51,640
Speaker 1: know of the African region in Northeast Africa, Nubia or

61
00:03:51,680 --> 00:03:54,080
Speaker 1: if you're a fan of the rap group brand Nubians,

62
00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:58,040
Speaker 1: sure you would have heard of this. I was actually yeah,

63
00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:00,440
Speaker 1: yeah they were and um that that that name so

64
00:04:00,520 --> 00:04:03,720
Speaker 1: holds today because of the original original Egyptian word for

65
00:04:03,760 --> 00:04:08,480
Speaker 1: gold and um. Africa, of course, has always been a

66
00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:10,720
Speaker 1: major supplier of this stuff. Yeah. One of the first

67
00:04:10,720 --> 00:04:13,600
Speaker 1: world Nubia was I guess, yeah, like the first heavily

68
00:04:13,640 --> 00:04:17,920
Speaker 1: mined area for gold um. And then on the periodic table,

69
00:04:18,440 --> 00:04:22,560
Speaker 1: the shorthand for gold is a U, which I've never

70
00:04:22,640 --> 00:04:26,479
Speaker 1: understood until I realized that it's Latin, which makes a

71
00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:29,520
Speaker 1: lot of sense. I thought it would be g O right, right,

72
00:04:29,839 --> 00:04:32,159
Speaker 1: you had something like that. No, No, we had to

73
00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:36,039
Speaker 1: go with the Latin or um, which means um shining dawn.

74
00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:39,200
Speaker 1: That's nice. Yeah, And we said all this to say

75
00:04:39,240 --> 00:04:42,680
Speaker 1: that people have loved gold for a very very, very

76
00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:45,719
Speaker 1: very long time. Can I drop one of the stats

77
00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:47,240
Speaker 1: of the show for me? Right when I saw this,

78
00:04:47,279 --> 00:04:48,919
Speaker 1: I was like just gonna say this is this is

79
00:04:48,920 --> 00:04:50,719
Speaker 1: the fact. I think it's pretty good. I told Emily

80
00:04:50,760 --> 00:04:52,800
Speaker 1: this last night, and she was not as impressed as

81
00:04:52,880 --> 00:04:56,720
Speaker 1: I would hope. She would have been Um forever and ever,

82
00:04:56,960 --> 00:04:59,960
Speaker 1: all the gold we've ever mind from the beginning of time,

83
00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:03,640
Speaker 1: time is only a hundred and sixty one thousand tons, Yeah,

84
00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:06,200
Speaker 1: which sounds like a lot. Yeah, that's a lot of gold,

85
00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:08,960
Speaker 1: right for all of time. That's not a lot of gold.

86
00:05:09,240 --> 00:05:13,279
Speaker 1: They compare it to something like aluminium. We we get

87
00:05:13,320 --> 00:05:16,840
Speaker 1: a five point six million tons a year in the

88
00:05:16,920 --> 00:05:20,599
Speaker 1: United States alone of aluminum. And again, a hundred and

89
00:05:20,600 --> 00:05:23,280
Speaker 1: sixty one thousand tons of gold is all that's ever

90
00:05:23,360 --> 00:05:26,760
Speaker 1: been mined. Yeah. And the secondary stat that comes later,

91
00:05:26,839 --> 00:05:29,960
Speaker 1: which I'll go ahead and ruin now, is of all

92
00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:33,880
Speaker 1: the gold we've ever found is still around, We've only

93
00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:37,240
Speaker 1: lost or cannot account for fifteen percent of the gold

94
00:05:37,279 --> 00:05:39,400
Speaker 1: since the beginning of time. It's pretty good. Well, that

95
00:05:39,600 --> 00:05:42,200
Speaker 1: is pretty good. And it suggests two things that William

96
00:05:42,200 --> 00:05:46,120
Speaker 1: Harris points out. One, Um that means that if you

97
00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:48,279
Speaker 1: are wearing a piece of gold jewelry, it may have

98
00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:52,200
Speaker 1: belonged to somebody else a very very long time ago. Uh.

99
00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:55,840
Speaker 1: And two where exactly did they get that? Who are

100
00:05:55,880 --> 00:05:59,080
Speaker 1: they getting these like, um, gold masks and headpieces and

101
00:05:59,120 --> 00:06:01,640
Speaker 1: stuff of milking anch of time and then melting down

102
00:06:01,640 --> 00:06:04,080
Speaker 1: and reselling them. Yeah, I don't know. I mean, it's

103
00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:06,760
Speaker 1: efficient and it's good because gold is really bad for

104
00:06:06,800 --> 00:06:09,480
Speaker 1: the environment, as we'll see you later on. But it's

105
00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:12,119
Speaker 1: really recyclable though. Yeah, it makes you It makes me wonder,

106
00:06:12,240 --> 00:06:15,159
Speaker 1: like how are they acquiring that? Yeah? What is your

107
00:06:15,160 --> 00:06:19,800
Speaker 1: wedding ring? Sir? My wedding ring is platinum. Platinum. It's lovely,

108
00:06:19,839 --> 00:06:23,960
Speaker 1: isn't it. It's very nice? What is yours? Oh? Minus?

109
00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:28,440
Speaker 1: I think titanium. It's very cheap. And it's like that

110
00:06:28,480 --> 00:06:30,240
Speaker 1: I could. And it's actually my second one. I lost

111
00:06:30,279 --> 00:06:32,800
Speaker 1: my first one and inside of a turtle, inside of

112
00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:34,400
Speaker 1: a turtle. I have no idea where it is. Maybe

113
00:06:34,440 --> 00:06:37,520
Speaker 1: it's inside of a turtle. But I luckily I like

114
00:06:37,560 --> 00:06:39,320
Speaker 1: had the old email and I just sent like the

115
00:06:39,360 --> 00:06:42,400
Speaker 1: same order for the same ring, and boom, I'm married

116
00:06:42,440 --> 00:06:44,680
Speaker 1: all over again. It's it's a second time. Did you

117
00:06:44,720 --> 00:06:47,880
Speaker 1: guys have another mini ceremony? He's just like, you need

118
00:06:47,920 --> 00:06:51,880
Speaker 1: to buy another damn ring? Yeah? Alright. So, um, that's

119
00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:54,279
Speaker 1: a lot of gold stats. And as I've been trying

120
00:06:54,320 --> 00:06:58,440
Speaker 1: to um hammer out people of like gold for a

121
00:06:58,440 --> 00:07:01,279
Speaker 1: really long time, let's talk about your gold shower. Speaking

122
00:07:01,279 --> 00:07:04,599
Speaker 1: of hammering out, though I knew one more cool little

123
00:07:04,680 --> 00:07:09,320
Speaker 1: fact gold one ounce of gold. One ounce of gold

124
00:07:09,760 --> 00:07:13,120
Speaker 1: can be drawn out into a fifty mile wire or

125
00:07:13,600 --> 00:07:16,160
Speaker 1: hammered into a sheet five millions of an inch thick.

126
00:07:16,800 --> 00:07:19,600
Speaker 1: So it's really well we'll get to all this, but

127
00:07:19,680 --> 00:07:22,640
Speaker 1: it's it's not only, you know, a beautiful thing for jewelry,

128
00:07:22,640 --> 00:07:26,280
Speaker 1: but it's super handy and malleable and chemically inert and

129
00:07:26,640 --> 00:07:28,440
Speaker 1: all these great things you can do with gold. Yeah,

130
00:07:28,560 --> 00:07:30,280
Speaker 1: because of its property. It also makes it kind of

131
00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:33,640
Speaker 1: ironic that the Egyptian is considered it indestructible because one

132
00:07:33,640 --> 00:07:36,320
Speaker 1: of the more malleable medals around. It's so malleable that

133
00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:39,520
Speaker 1: it has like almost no practical purposes as far as

134
00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:42,000
Speaker 1: like hammering things go, Like you make a gold hammer,

135
00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:46,520
Speaker 1: you're dummy, you know. Alright, so element number seventy nine,

136
00:07:46,600 --> 00:07:50,440
Speaker 1: let's let's get in it. Okay, So gold again, uh?

137
00:07:51,200 --> 00:07:54,080
Speaker 1: Was people go back to the Egyptians because they were

138
00:07:54,080 --> 00:07:56,680
Speaker 1: the first ones to have like gold fever. Well, we've

139
00:07:56,720 --> 00:08:01,640
Speaker 1: actually found evidence of gold being um smithed i guess

140
00:08:02,400 --> 00:08:06,000
Speaker 1: um during the transition from the Stone Age, the Neolithic

141
00:08:06,040 --> 00:08:08,920
Speaker 1: Age to the Bronze Age, which is the first metal

142
00:08:08,960 --> 00:08:12,800
Speaker 1: age before Bronze even right, some some places that had

143
00:08:12,920 --> 00:08:16,680
Speaker 1: easy access to gold like Bulgaria. I believe in a

144
00:08:16,880 --> 00:08:22,320
Speaker 1: four thousand BC. Um, we're already working with gold long

145
00:08:22,360 --> 00:08:25,119
Speaker 1: before the Egyptians ever cut their hands on it. Yeah.

146
00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:28,240
Speaker 1: And the Egyptians, um, like you said, they really had

147
00:08:28,280 --> 00:08:32,959
Speaker 1: an appetite for the stuff um Hira glyphs as early gold,

148
00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:37,040
Speaker 1: and by b C they were it was like currency

149
00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:41,160
Speaker 1: basically in Egypt. Well, yeah, very much so, Um, it

150
00:08:41,280 --> 00:08:45,480
Speaker 1: was not that I don't know did they actually minted

151
00:08:45,640 --> 00:08:49,760
Speaker 1: is for is currency? Uh? The Egyptians, Yeah, I don't

152
00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:51,800
Speaker 1: know if they minted it. I don't think the menting

153
00:08:51,840 --> 00:08:57,280
Speaker 1: came until the Greeks and Romans. Actually King Crosius, the

154
00:08:57,360 --> 00:09:00,040
Speaker 1: ruler of ancient Lydia, which is a loss of list A,

155
00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:04,280
Speaker 1: really he was the first two mint in mint gold currencies.

156
00:09:04,320 --> 00:09:10,480
Speaker 1: Gold coins um in widespread use in sixt but it

157
00:09:10,520 --> 00:09:13,400
Speaker 1: was the Greeks and then the Romans that really started

158
00:09:13,440 --> 00:09:16,840
Speaker 1: to mint about a hundred years later though, So that's

159
00:09:16,920 --> 00:09:19,720
Speaker 1: that's a pretty nice jump on things. He got. He

160
00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:21,800
Speaker 1: was like, Hey, I like to look at this stuff.

161
00:09:21,800 --> 00:09:23,800
Speaker 1: I'm gonna put my face on it exactly, and you

162
00:09:23,800 --> 00:09:26,280
Speaker 1: guys are going to use it. Yeah. By five fifty,

163
00:09:26,320 --> 00:09:30,640
Speaker 1: the Greeks were doing it. Uh and then um, the

164
00:09:30,760 --> 00:09:34,760
Speaker 1: Romans of course, with their more sophisticated ways, followed suit.

165
00:09:34,960 --> 00:09:38,600
Speaker 1: The orious coins called Yeah, they've pro used millions of them.

166
00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:40,840
Speaker 1: Those are the ones that they find, like just some

167
00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:45,000
Speaker 1: farmer in like Devonshire in England, we'll dig up like

168
00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:49,280
Speaker 1: a chest filled with these things. Yeah, because the Romans

169
00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:51,560
Speaker 1: were everywhere they were, and they minted a lot of

170
00:09:51,559 --> 00:09:54,520
Speaker 1: these coins. So as they're doing this, the same thing

171
00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,240
Speaker 1: is going on about the same time in South America

172
00:09:57,480 --> 00:09:59,079
Speaker 1: because they have a lot of gold there as well.

173
00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:03,360
Speaker 1: And what's it called the Middle Cicon Era. Yeah, I

174
00:10:03,360 --> 00:10:06,320
Speaker 1: couldn't tell if it was Cicon or Cissan. I bet

175
00:10:06,320 --> 00:10:12,000
Speaker 1: a Cissan Sisson. I bet it's not unleven hundred And

176
00:10:12,040 --> 00:10:16,280
Speaker 1: this is modern day Peru. They there has been, there

177
00:10:16,280 --> 00:10:18,439
Speaker 1: have been a lot of gold artifacts found in that region.

178
00:10:18,480 --> 00:10:21,920
Speaker 1: So they were usually crazy, for sure. The Peruvians were

179
00:10:21,920 --> 00:10:26,640
Speaker 1: crazy about it. The Inca like masks, ornaments, chalices, stuff,

180
00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:29,600
Speaker 1: and their specialty was hammering gold into sheets and like

181
00:10:29,640 --> 00:10:33,480
Speaker 1: wrapping stuff in it, like creating gold leaf. Interesting. Yeah,

182
00:10:33,520 --> 00:10:36,240
Speaker 1: they were pretty good at that kind of thing. Um,

183
00:10:36,280 --> 00:10:40,760
Speaker 1: and then you know there's already a certain amount of

184
00:10:40,760 --> 00:10:45,640
Speaker 1: gold fever over in Europe. I think the the English

185
00:10:46,040 --> 00:10:50,480
Speaker 1: minted their first gold coin in the mid century, alright,

186
00:10:50,559 --> 00:10:55,719
Speaker 1: the same with the Florentine du get. Yeah, those were

187
00:10:55,760 --> 00:10:57,880
Speaker 1: both about the middle of the thirteenth century. That's a

188
00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:04,319
Speaker 1: popular coin. It was still is it among collectives? Um,

189
00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:06,760
Speaker 1: So there was people in Europe were exposed to gold.

190
00:11:06,800 --> 00:11:10,000
Speaker 1: They like gold, they wanted gold. Over in Central and

191
00:11:10,040 --> 00:11:13,240
Speaker 1: South America, Over in Asia they also had the thing

192
00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:16,360
Speaker 1: for gold. But the Europeans were one of the first

193
00:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,160
Speaker 1: to say, Hey, let's see where the edge of the

194
00:11:19,160 --> 00:11:21,120
Speaker 1: Earth is and if there's gold there. And one of

195
00:11:21,120 --> 00:11:24,280
Speaker 1: the first people to do that was Marco Polo. And strangely,

196
00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:26,560
Speaker 1: a lot of people hate Christopher Columbus or think he

197
00:11:26,600 --> 00:11:29,840
Speaker 1: was one of the more evil characters in history. Possibly

198
00:11:29,920 --> 00:11:36,599
Speaker 1: rightfully so. Um, but you can actually trace the infection

199
00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:42,000
Speaker 1: that Columbus released, literally and metaphorically back to Marco Polo,

200
00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:45,520
Speaker 1: because apparently there's evidence that Marco Polo directly inspired Christopher

201
00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:50,080
Speaker 1: Columbus to set sail in search of gold. Yeah. Growing

202
00:11:50,160 --> 00:11:52,800
Speaker 1: up in history class, you always learned about the great explorers,

203
00:11:52,840 --> 00:11:55,199
Speaker 1: and the more you learn about it, like the real histories,

204
00:11:55,240 --> 00:11:57,800
Speaker 1: as you get older, the more you learn that many

205
00:11:57,840 --> 00:11:59,840
Speaker 1: times they weren't just sailing upon the shore with like

206
00:12:00,720 --> 00:12:03,679
Speaker 1: by a bouquet of flowers to deliver most of the time,

207
00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,640
Speaker 1: I would say, you know, it was usually and they

208
00:12:05,640 --> 00:12:10,480
Speaker 1: were in conquer mode. Uh, for one reason, to spread Christianity,

209
00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:13,760
Speaker 1: as the Spaniards really wanted to do. Yeah, that was

210
00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:17,200
Speaker 1: the cover story, the cover story. But King Ferdinand in

211
00:12:17,280 --> 00:12:21,760
Speaker 1: fifteen eleven also sent word quote while you're there. Well

212
00:12:21,840 --> 00:12:25,640
Speaker 1: I added that part. While you're there, then start quote

213
00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:29,080
Speaker 1: get gold humanly if you can, but by but at

214
00:12:29,120 --> 00:12:32,400
Speaker 1: all hazards, get the gold. So I mean that was

215
00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:36,160
Speaker 1: definitely a charge. And thanks to the travels of Marco Polo,

216
00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:38,720
Speaker 1: the book that he wrote where he talked about palaces

217
00:12:38,720 --> 00:12:41,880
Speaker 1: of silver and gold, Uh, you know, people thought it

218
00:12:41,960 --> 00:12:43,720
Speaker 1: was just like the streets were lined with this stuff

219
00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:46,400
Speaker 1: in the New World. And I mean imagine though, if

220
00:12:46,440 --> 00:12:50,000
Speaker 1: you were one of the conquistadors who started sailing um

221
00:12:50,120 --> 00:12:55,000
Speaker 1: west and you ran into the Maya or the Aztecs

222
00:12:55,240 --> 00:12:58,160
Speaker 1: or the Inca, and you saw that they had all

223
00:12:58,160 --> 00:13:00,640
Speaker 1: this gold, you would think, well, this is all very

224
00:13:00,720 --> 00:13:04,840
Speaker 1: much true in this place gold city. So let's kill

225
00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:07,320
Speaker 1: all these people and take their gold, and there was

226
00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:11,640
Speaker 1: actually a famed gold city, El Dorado. They're all looking

227
00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:14,800
Speaker 1: for exactly like everyone was looking for Eldorado. And apparently

228
00:13:14,840 --> 00:13:18,640
Speaker 1: every time a conquistador would find a significant seam of gold,

229
00:13:18,679 --> 00:13:21,560
Speaker 1: they found El Dorado, and everybody else would come and

230
00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:24,079
Speaker 1: it becomes like a boom area. But of course it

231
00:13:24,200 --> 00:13:27,560
Speaker 1: was a mythical city, right, Yeah, it was just like legend. Yeah,

232
00:13:27,559 --> 00:13:31,000
Speaker 1: and probably the closest thing to it obviously not a

233
00:13:31,080 --> 00:13:33,640
Speaker 1: city built of gold, the closest thing to it. It

234
00:13:33,720 --> 00:13:40,160
Speaker 1: was in Brazil, in the meanest Gurai region, Minas Gerais.

235
00:13:40,440 --> 00:13:42,840
Speaker 1: That looks good, freaky Gervais. We've been doing this like

236
00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:47,320
Speaker 1: five years in our pronunciation is maybe even worse rather

237
00:13:47,360 --> 00:13:50,320
Speaker 1: than better. Actually, we have a listener mail today where

238
00:13:50,360 --> 00:13:52,960
Speaker 1: someone lauds us just for taking a chance and being

239
00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:55,679
Speaker 1: willing to be creative. Corrected, thank you, I'm glad to

240
00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:57,200
Speaker 1: hear that. I'll read that one at the end of

241
00:13:57,200 --> 00:14:01,480
Speaker 1: this one. Yeah, that was in Brazil, and uh, there

242
00:14:01,559 --> 00:14:02,679
Speaker 1: was a lot of gold there and they were the

243
00:14:02,720 --> 00:14:06,160
Speaker 1: largest gold producer by seventeen twenty years. They became the

244
00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:10,480
Speaker 1: world's largest gold producer because of this area, using, of course,

245
00:14:10,600 --> 00:14:15,079
Speaker 1: slave labor panning for gold in sort of rudimentary ways.

246
00:14:15,080 --> 00:14:18,880
Speaker 1: Not good. No, we're not too far removed from that now. No,

247
00:14:20,400 --> 00:14:26,320
Speaker 1: So onto America, North America, California, the gold rush. Like

248
00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:30,320
Speaker 1: the point here is is that gold has rewritten history

249
00:14:30,400 --> 00:14:33,600
Speaker 1: and how we form societies because of the search for gold. Yeah,

250
00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:36,640
Speaker 1: it's like spread people out over the world and intermixed

251
00:14:36,680 --> 00:14:39,240
Speaker 1: and inter intermarried and inter did it. And you know,

252
00:14:39,760 --> 00:14:43,560
Speaker 1: like we have entire groups of people ethnicities who are

253
00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:48,680
Speaker 1: the result of gold. The gold rushes. Um, California gets

254
00:14:48,680 --> 00:14:53,360
Speaker 1: a lot of press obviously because by the end of

255
00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:55,960
Speaker 1: the first year of the gold rush afterwards discovered in

256
00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:59,160
Speaker 1: eighteen eight, five thousand people were mining there. By the

257
00:14:59,240 --> 00:15:01,880
Speaker 1: end of the second year, forty people were mining there.

258
00:15:02,320 --> 00:15:06,280
Speaker 1: But North Carolina actually was the first American gold rush. Yeah,

259
00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:09,240
Speaker 1: and like you're saying, California gets all the all the attention.

260
00:15:09,280 --> 00:15:13,160
Speaker 1: San Francisco forty Niners are named after the gold rush. Um.

261
00:15:13,200 --> 00:15:15,480
Speaker 1: There was that great Scooby Doo episode with the minor

262
00:15:15,560 --> 00:15:19,080
Speaker 1: forty niner, remember him, a scary guy. Yeah. When you

263
00:15:19,080 --> 00:15:21,280
Speaker 1: think of gold rush, you think of California, or I

264
00:15:21,320 --> 00:15:24,920
Speaker 1: also think of Delawaga. Yeah. Yeah, he was the mayor

265
00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:27,200
Speaker 1: of Delanaga was the one who said there's golden then

266
00:15:27,360 --> 00:15:29,840
Speaker 1: our hills. Oh really yeah, it was the mayor of Delnaga.

267
00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:33,000
Speaker 1: I had no idea, Stas Todd something. I think have

268
00:15:33,080 --> 00:15:35,600
Speaker 1: you ever panned up there in Delnah? I did that

269
00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:38,400
Speaker 1: when I was a kid. And you know it's fun

270
00:15:38,400 --> 00:15:40,440
Speaker 1: if you're a little kid, right right, You think you're

271
00:15:40,440 --> 00:15:42,840
Speaker 1: gonna find a little gold flag and it would be rich,

272
00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:45,640
Speaker 1: or you just might find a little gold flag. And

273
00:15:45,720 --> 00:15:47,760
Speaker 1: if you do, you won't be rich. Yeah, you're going

274
00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:51,360
Speaker 1: to find it doesn't buy you virtually anything. But you

275
00:15:51,360 --> 00:15:54,200
Speaker 1: were saying, North Carolina doesn't usually get much attention, and

276
00:15:54,240 --> 00:15:57,040
Speaker 1: that was the first gold rush. Yeah, up until the

277
00:15:57,080 --> 00:16:00,280
Speaker 1: eighteen thirties. In fact um, they supplied all of the

278
00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:03,040
Speaker 1: domestic gold that was coined here at the U. S.

279
00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,320
Speaker 1: Mint and Philly came from North Carolina, or North Kakaki

280
00:16:06,440 --> 00:16:08,000
Speaker 1: as we like to call it. Who calls it that?

281
00:16:08,280 --> 00:16:11,440
Speaker 1: You never called it that? Uh? Have you ever heard

282
00:16:11,440 --> 00:16:14,960
Speaker 1: it called that? I have. There's a tribe called quest Song.

283
00:16:15,160 --> 00:16:18,200
Speaker 1: Oh really, I can't remember what it is, but somebody

284
00:16:18,240 --> 00:16:21,760
Speaker 1: calls it North Kakillaka and Compton take a check. Check

285
00:16:21,800 --> 00:16:24,800
Speaker 1: it out. No, I didn't make that up. Well, I

286
00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:31,480
Speaker 1: just wrapped you did your j tip. So uh yeah,

287
00:16:31,520 --> 00:16:34,320
Speaker 1: we talked about the gold rushes in the US. There

288
00:16:34,360 --> 00:16:37,120
Speaker 1: was also a big one in Oz. Yeah, we can't

289
00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:41,080
Speaker 1: leave out our Ozzie mates. No, um hello Australia. Yeah,

290
00:16:41,160 --> 00:16:43,520
Speaker 1: they're like we got tons of gold. They're like it's

291
00:16:43,560 --> 00:16:46,080
Speaker 1: so hot. I watched Mad Max the other day, by

292
00:16:46,080 --> 00:16:49,600
Speaker 1: the way, all the way through the original it was,

293
00:16:49,640 --> 00:16:52,880
Speaker 1: and it was, um, I don't know. Road Warrior got

294
00:16:53,120 --> 00:16:55,240
Speaker 1: most of the attention because it was bigger and more

295
00:16:55,280 --> 00:16:57,400
Speaker 1: of an action adventure, but Mad Max was a really

296
00:16:57,480 --> 00:17:01,840
Speaker 1: dark kind of revenge the exploitation movie. Yeah, it was

297
00:17:01,880 --> 00:17:07,080
Speaker 1: really good oxploitation osploitation. So was that the one where

298
00:17:07,080 --> 00:17:10,120
Speaker 1: the guys in the personal helicopter is that road Warrior

299
00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:14,760
Speaker 1: Mad Max? That's road Warrior? Then it's like, I mean

300
00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:17,720
Speaker 1: it was when Mel Gibson was still a cop and

301
00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:20,960
Speaker 1: he was you know, there was this biker gang led

302
00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:22,720
Speaker 1: by the toe Cutter, and you don't it something cool?

303
00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:26,960
Speaker 1: You know justin my friend his uncle is was the

304
00:17:26,960 --> 00:17:31,639
Speaker 1: toe cutter in Mad Max? Wow? Is uh man? I

305
00:17:31,680 --> 00:17:34,639
Speaker 1: can't remember his name? Now uncle U uncle toe Cutter?

306
00:17:34,960 --> 00:17:36,959
Speaker 1: Now I can call him that it said, it say,

307
00:17:36,960 --> 00:17:39,280
Speaker 1: isn't as Christmas talking? Oh, I can know. He just

308
00:17:39,320 --> 00:17:43,080
Speaker 1: sends toes every year in the little card. Oh man,

309
00:17:43,119 --> 00:17:47,200
Speaker 1: I can't remember his name now Uncle yeah, Uncle toe cutter.

310
00:17:47,320 --> 00:17:50,120
Speaker 1: I think that's the better day. Yeah, it's pretty cool. Yeah.

311
00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:54,879
Speaker 1: So Australia has this huge gold rush um in the

312
00:17:55,280 --> 00:18:01,920
Speaker 1: what eighteen fifties, Yes, Edward, him and Hargraves found gold

313
00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:05,399
Speaker 1: in New South Wales Bam gold brush. A few years later,

314
00:18:05,680 --> 00:18:10,199
Speaker 1: South Africa steps onto the scene. Eight George Harrison. Uh,

315
00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:14,960
Speaker 1: he uncovered gold in South Africa? And what how many

316
00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:17,840
Speaker 1: contributions has that man made humanity in his hundred and

317
00:18:17,920 --> 00:18:21,840
Speaker 1: sixty years? I mean he wrote here comes the Sun.

318
00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:25,200
Speaker 1: He discovered gold like a hundred years before he was born,

319
00:18:25,880 --> 00:18:28,240
Speaker 1: Not a hundred, but hundred years for he was famous

320
00:18:28,600 --> 00:18:31,480
Speaker 1: about the same time, about a full century. But down

321
00:18:31,560 --> 00:18:33,919
Speaker 1: South Africa is the leading gold producer in the world.

322
00:18:34,800 --> 00:18:39,400
Speaker 1: Oh today it is, wow, followed by the United States.

323
00:18:39,760 --> 00:18:42,200
Speaker 1: In the United States, Nevada is the number one gold

324
00:18:42,200 --> 00:18:47,240
Speaker 1: producer these days. You mean Nevada Nevada? Alright, So let's

325
00:18:47,240 --> 00:18:51,600
Speaker 1: talk about how you get gold onto your finger. It's

326
00:18:51,600 --> 00:18:55,160
Speaker 1: not as easy as you would think, but it's well

327
00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:57,000
Speaker 1: it's at times drudimentary and at times a little more

328
00:18:57,040 --> 00:19:00,399
Speaker 1: sophisticated the whole process. Yeah, and it come likes to

329
00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:02,600
Speaker 1: say the least. Yeah, I mean like it really shows

330
00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:06,080
Speaker 1: how much we want gold. Yeah, it's sort of like

331
00:19:06,119 --> 00:19:09,560
Speaker 1: fracking in a way to the one method. Alright, So

332
00:19:09,840 --> 00:19:12,840
Speaker 1: what you gotta do, there's diff You gotta start by prospecting,

333
00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:15,960
Speaker 1: which is the act of looking for gold, right, And

334
00:19:15,960 --> 00:19:18,320
Speaker 1: that's what you would call an old grizzled dude with

335
00:19:18,359 --> 00:19:22,120
Speaker 1: the pack mule up in the hills in California prospect or. Yeah,

336
00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:25,000
Speaker 1: that's what you call a geologist who finds gold. Today too,

337
00:19:25,080 --> 00:19:27,639
Speaker 1: they're still called prospectors. And I guess the idea is

338
00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:29,719
Speaker 1: that what are the prospects for finding gold? I'm sure

339
00:19:29,760 --> 00:19:32,240
Speaker 1: that's where it came from, right, So their prospecting, that

340
00:19:32,280 --> 00:19:33,919
Speaker 1: makes a lot of sense. I've never thought about that.

341
00:19:34,280 --> 00:19:36,680
Speaker 1: So back in the day, there was a lot of

342
00:19:36,760 --> 00:19:40,720
Speaker 1: luck involved, uh, looking around for it basically where you

343
00:19:40,720 --> 00:19:45,479
Speaker 1: think it might be. These days it is way more precise. Um,

344
00:19:45,520 --> 00:19:48,800
Speaker 1: they have equipment that can tell you if there is

345
00:19:48,840 --> 00:19:52,359
Speaker 1: likely gold there, and then well here's the thing is,

346
00:19:52,359 --> 00:19:56,200
Speaker 1: there's gold everywhere, but it's just not concentrated enough to

347
00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:59,679
Speaker 1: be worth mining. Yeah, that's an excellent point. In most cases,

348
00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:02,320
Speaker 1: it's a visible but it's still present in the soil.

349
00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:06,159
Speaker 1: Isn't it crazy? Invisible gold in dirt and rocks. Yeah,

350
00:20:06,600 --> 00:20:09,600
Speaker 1: or it's in gold, schlagger, that's crazy too. It's like

351
00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:12,439
Speaker 1: they're just throwing it away, throwing away, you're drinking it

352
00:20:12,520 --> 00:20:16,560
Speaker 1: for a premium price. It's crazy. That's gross. That was

353
00:20:16,600 --> 00:20:21,080
Speaker 1: like a college thing. Oh yeah, schlagger, jagger, maister anything

354
00:20:21,119 --> 00:20:24,840
Speaker 1: that sounded like vaguely Germanic. That was a college thing,

355
00:20:25,800 --> 00:20:30,880
Speaker 1: maister brow. Um. So where they find gold and heaviest

356
00:20:30,880 --> 00:20:33,840
Speaker 1: concentration is when they will say, all right, you know

357
00:20:33,880 --> 00:20:36,840
Speaker 1: what it's worth setting up a mining operation here. Um.

358
00:20:36,880 --> 00:20:40,520
Speaker 1: There may be other metals there, like silver, which is great. Yeah.

359
00:20:40,560 --> 00:20:43,119
Speaker 1: A lot of times gold is combined with silver in

360
00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:46,200
Speaker 1: an ore, which I'm sure you're just like, okay, great,

361
00:20:46,359 --> 00:20:49,440
Speaker 1: that's fine with me. That's twice the value, right, well,

362
00:20:49,520 --> 00:20:52,240
Speaker 1: not twice the value, but one in three quarters times

363
00:20:52,240 --> 00:20:55,440
Speaker 1: the value. We could figure it out. So they drill

364
00:20:55,520 --> 00:20:59,280
Speaker 1: down to obtain samples, um, analyze it see if there's

365
00:20:59,359 --> 00:21:01,679
Speaker 1: enough gold. If there is, they're going to set up

366
00:21:01,680 --> 00:21:03,760
Speaker 1: a mining operation there, right, there's not They're gonna move

367
00:21:03,800 --> 00:21:05,760
Speaker 1: on and look at another place that they think they

368
00:21:05,800 --> 00:21:07,920
Speaker 1: might have a lot of gold. Yeah. And then depending

369
00:21:07,960 --> 00:21:11,359
Speaker 1: on how the gold is present in the area. UM,

370
00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:14,720
Speaker 1: there's basically two ways. One is the load a load deposit,

371
00:21:14,760 --> 00:21:18,520
Speaker 1: which is it's combined with rock or or and it's UM.

372
00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:21,960
Speaker 1: It can be at the surface or underground. UM. And

373
00:21:22,160 --> 00:21:24,400
Speaker 1: with a load deposit, basically you just want to blow

374
00:21:24,480 --> 00:21:27,040
Speaker 1: things up when you find gold like that. If it's

375
00:21:27,080 --> 00:21:29,480
Speaker 1: at the surface, you're gonna use what's called an open

376
00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:32,080
Speaker 1: pit method, which is basically just drill a bunch of

377
00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:36,000
Speaker 1: holes into the ore the gold or put some explosives

378
00:21:36,040 --> 00:21:39,120
Speaker 1: in there and bloat up and then haul the ore out. Yeah.

379
00:21:39,119 --> 00:21:41,720
Speaker 1: I mean your goal here is just to make I mean,

380
00:21:41,760 --> 00:21:44,400
Speaker 1: if they could load up that huge boulder and take

381
00:21:44,440 --> 00:21:46,680
Speaker 1: it and do it need or somewhere else, they might,

382
00:21:46,800 --> 00:21:49,280
Speaker 1: but they're just trying to make smaller rocks excellent point

383
00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:53,760
Speaker 1: for transport. UM. And then if it's underground, If the

384
00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:56,720
Speaker 1: load is underground, they'll dig a shaft down to it

385
00:21:56,760 --> 00:21:59,560
Speaker 1: and add it. You go down to it, and this

386
00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:02,159
Speaker 1: is shaft. I'm sure they go down to it and

387
00:22:02,240 --> 00:22:05,600
Speaker 1: drill holes all the way through that ore rock um

388
00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:08,040
Speaker 1: and those holes are called stokes. Then they packed those

389
00:22:08,080 --> 00:22:10,159
Speaker 1: full of explosives and blow it up. So it's basically

390
00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:13,359
Speaker 1: like the open pit method, but underground because then they

391
00:22:13,440 --> 00:22:17,840
Speaker 1: just truck that or out and off to the um extractor.

392
00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:21,199
Speaker 1: That's right. If you're in Delonaga, Georgia, or maybe at

393
00:22:21,200 --> 00:22:25,960
Speaker 1: a river and Utah, why not, why not give a

394
00:22:26,040 --> 00:22:28,520
Speaker 1: Utah shout out, you might look for something called a

395
00:22:28,520 --> 00:22:30,760
Speaker 1: placer deposit, and that is when you find the loose

396
00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:33,840
Speaker 1: gold um in a stream bed, you know, the little

397
00:22:34,000 --> 00:22:36,440
Speaker 1: flakes for the little chunks of little nuggets in a

398
00:22:36,480 --> 00:22:40,080
Speaker 1: mountain stream or a beach, and uh, this is where

399
00:22:40,119 --> 00:22:41,960
Speaker 1: you would pan and you you know, you scoop it

400
00:22:42,040 --> 00:22:45,640
Speaker 1: up in a pan and you shake it in the Yeah,

401
00:22:45,680 --> 00:22:48,359
Speaker 1: a lot of water because gold is is more dense,

402
00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:50,359
Speaker 1: so it's gonna sink and collect at the bottom of

403
00:22:50,480 --> 00:22:53,399
Speaker 1: you a little screen that separates everything and then you

404
00:22:53,520 --> 00:22:56,359
Speaker 1: got a little bit of gold hopefully, and then the

405
00:22:56,359 --> 00:23:00,240
Speaker 1: sixth graders are all very happy. That's right. Or I'm egine.

406
00:23:00,280 --> 00:23:02,959
Speaker 1: If you were a prospector in California back in the day,

407
00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:04,760
Speaker 1: you could do quite well as a banner. Yeah, you

408
00:23:04,840 --> 00:23:07,640
Speaker 1: look around and be like, it's mine, it's my gold,

409
00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:10,800
Speaker 1: all right, So then you have to extract it. That's

410
00:23:10,840 --> 00:23:13,080
Speaker 1: the next step. Right, So you've got all these big

411
00:23:13,200 --> 00:23:16,800
Speaker 1: rocks that you've blown up. Uh, yeah, I guess this

412
00:23:16,880 --> 00:23:19,800
Speaker 1: is mostly The first couple of steps are from load deposits.

413
00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:21,720
Speaker 1: You have a bunch of rocks, You put them on

414
00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:24,399
Speaker 1: a on a conveyor belt, and they go into a

415
00:23:24,440 --> 00:23:27,840
Speaker 1: machine that's appropriately called the crusher, which breaks the ore

416
00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:30,720
Speaker 1: into gravel. Then you take that gravel and you put

417
00:23:30,760 --> 00:23:33,440
Speaker 1: them into drums with a bunch of little steel balls.

418
00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:37,000
Speaker 1: Spin it around real quickness. Steel balls collide with that

419
00:23:37,080 --> 00:23:39,800
Speaker 1: gravel and they turn it into basically like a powder,

420
00:23:40,880 --> 00:23:43,720
Speaker 1: and you add water to that powder. You form a slurry,

421
00:23:43,920 --> 00:23:46,880
Speaker 1: add cyanide to that slurry and exposed it to oxygen,

422
00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:49,520
Speaker 1: and all of a sudden you're starting to extract gold

423
00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:52,679
Speaker 1: from ore. Yeah, the pulp. Basically, the gold in the

424
00:23:52,720 --> 00:23:55,399
Speaker 1: pulp dissolves with that chemical reaction, the side and side

425
00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,640
Speaker 1: and O two and uh, the little carbon in there,

426
00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:04,080
Speaker 1: like tiny little carbon grains, and um, the gold is

427
00:24:04,119 --> 00:24:06,359
Speaker 1: gonna adhere to it. They have They like each other

428
00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:08,399
Speaker 1: very much, so they're gonna get together in party for

429
00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:11,920
Speaker 1: a little while. Then you filter that and you have

430
00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:17,200
Speaker 1: gold bearing carbon at this point, still not pure gold, right,

431
00:24:18,200 --> 00:24:20,600
Speaker 1: so it's gold with carbon. Then you move that to

432
00:24:20,640 --> 00:24:24,280
Speaker 1: something called a stripping vessel. They put another solution, a

433
00:24:24,280 --> 00:24:29,520
Speaker 1: caustic solution to separate the gold from the carbon, have

434
00:24:29,600 --> 00:24:32,080
Speaker 1: more filters to filter out the carbon, and so now

435
00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:36,600
Speaker 1: you have actual gold bearing solution. But you're still not done.

436
00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:39,920
Speaker 1: And this is my favorite part. Yeah, this is pretty cool.

437
00:24:39,960 --> 00:24:43,120
Speaker 1: It's called electro winning, which thank god, Charlie she never

438
00:24:43,160 --> 00:24:45,800
Speaker 1: heard of this because this whole thing would be even

439
00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:48,919
Speaker 1: more annoying. But um, you put you put the gold

440
00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:53,760
Speaker 1: into a cell with positive and negative terminals, pass an

441
00:24:53,840 --> 00:24:58,160
Speaker 1: electrical current over it, and the gold separates uh from

442
00:24:58,480 --> 00:25:03,600
Speaker 1: the carbon solution or the gold bearing solution, and is

443
00:25:03,600 --> 00:25:06,840
Speaker 1: attracted to the negative terminal so much so that I

444
00:25:06,960 --> 00:25:10,200
Speaker 1: get the impression that basically becomes embedded in the negative terminal. Yeah,

445
00:25:10,240 --> 00:25:12,040
Speaker 1: I kind of wondered, because the next step is to

446
00:25:12,119 --> 00:25:16,000
Speaker 1: actually melt that negative terminal along with the gold, right,

447
00:25:16,160 --> 00:25:18,520
Speaker 1: and then you begin to separate the two. Basically, you

448
00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:22,119
Speaker 1: pour off the negative terminal metal metal, maybe steel or

449
00:25:22,119 --> 00:25:26,159
Speaker 1: something like that, Right, exactly. Um, so when you smell,

450
00:25:26,240 --> 00:25:28,720
Speaker 1: and I thought smell it was just melting, Like why

451
00:25:28,840 --> 00:25:32,960
Speaker 1: they add the s because it's not melting, it's smelting exactly.

452
00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:35,720
Speaker 1: So when you pour off the steel, I guess maybe

453
00:25:35,720 --> 00:25:37,320
Speaker 1: that comes off first, and then what you have left

454
00:25:37,400 --> 00:25:40,400
Speaker 1: is relatively impure gold, but as close as you're gonna

455
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,400
Speaker 1: get it in the extracting process. You pour them into

456
00:25:43,440 --> 00:25:46,439
Speaker 1: bars called door a bars, and then you ship them

457
00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:48,920
Speaker 1: off to the refiner. Yeah, and that's not the bar

458
00:25:49,040 --> 00:25:53,840
Speaker 1: that you will see in die Hard three. Um, this

459
00:25:53,920 --> 00:25:58,240
Speaker 1: is a more impure door a bar. Sure, still nice

460
00:25:58,280 --> 00:25:59,960
Speaker 1: to have one. Yeah, I'm sure you can be the

461
00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:04,600
Speaker 1: look at me. Um okay. And then you need to

462
00:26:04,640 --> 00:26:06,720
Speaker 1: refine gold from that point once you have it in

463
00:26:06,760 --> 00:26:11,879
Speaker 1: its uh purest impure form. So imagine the process that

464
00:26:11,920 --> 00:26:14,520
Speaker 1: we just went through. It was like add this, subtract this,

465
00:26:14,960 --> 00:26:17,160
Speaker 1: remove that, but add this, and then like the gold

466
00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:19,480
Speaker 1: that here this, and let's burn the whole thing up

467
00:26:19,560 --> 00:26:23,800
Speaker 1: until it gets melty. Still impure, it still has to

468
00:26:23,800 --> 00:26:28,959
Speaker 1: be refined. So um, when refineries get gold dory bars.

469
00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:32,840
Speaker 1: They also frequently when you sell your your gold to J. D.

470
00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:36,560
Speaker 1: Wentworth or whoever. Um, they take all this gold scrap

471
00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:40,440
Speaker 1: and send that off also to these um refineries which

472
00:26:40,440 --> 00:26:43,160
Speaker 1: are all which also served as recycling centers to basically,

473
00:26:43,320 --> 00:26:46,560
Speaker 1: that's like the saddest shipment. Yeah, it's just full of

474
00:26:46,560 --> 00:26:50,159
Speaker 1: people's like lost hopes and dreams and wedding rings and

475
00:26:50,640 --> 00:26:53,840
Speaker 1: gold bracelets, anniversary bracelets. I'll just sent back to be

476
00:26:53,880 --> 00:26:58,680
Speaker 1: melted down because of the economy. Um. So when they

477
00:26:58,720 --> 00:27:01,440
Speaker 1: throw all this into the same they add a little

478
00:27:01,480 --> 00:27:04,600
Speaker 1: bit of soda ash, a little bit of borax, And honestly,

479
00:27:04,640 --> 00:27:08,440
Speaker 1: what camp borax do, um and the soda ash and

480
00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:11,199
Speaker 1: borax basically filters out impurities and then what you have

481
00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:14,640
Speaker 1: left most of the time and they use essay tests

482
00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:18,720
Speaker 1: to uh to to figure out the purity. But um,

483
00:27:18,840 --> 00:27:21,600
Speaker 1: they you have about ninety nine point nine percent pure

484
00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:25,000
Speaker 1: gold and that's usually what they stamp on the bar

485
00:27:25,280 --> 00:27:28,760
Speaker 1: that they pour. And those bars are called ingots. Yeah,

486
00:27:28,800 --> 00:27:31,440
Speaker 1: those are the ones you'll see in the heist movies.

487
00:27:31,680 --> 00:27:34,600
Speaker 1: And um, if you have ever seen Diehard three and

488
00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:37,480
Speaker 1: you see them loading up these ingots into big gym

489
00:27:37,480 --> 00:27:40,000
Speaker 1: bags and then throwing them over their shoulder and running out,

490
00:27:40,600 --> 00:27:44,320
Speaker 1: that is uh not possible because each one of those

491
00:27:44,359 --> 00:27:47,359
Speaker 1: bars weighs twenty seven pounds. So if you have fifty

492
00:27:47,359 --> 00:27:50,560
Speaker 1: of those in a bag, like Jeremy Irons might Jeremy

493
00:27:50,560 --> 00:27:53,240
Speaker 1: Irons not a strong man. You're not gonna throw that

494
00:27:53,320 --> 00:27:55,560
Speaker 1: on your back, like three pounds of gold and like

495
00:27:55,600 --> 00:27:57,879
Speaker 1: go running up a bunch of stairs and out of

496
00:27:57,920 --> 00:28:00,800
Speaker 1: the New York Uh. Where is it the New York

497
00:28:00,920 --> 00:28:04,960
Speaker 1: feder Yeah, supposedly they're in Fort Knox is where they

498
00:28:05,040 --> 00:28:07,719
Speaker 1: have all the gold, and he was talking last night

499
00:28:07,800 --> 00:28:09,879
Speaker 1: about that. She's like, let in summary safe to have

500
00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:12,160
Speaker 1: all this golden one place. I was like, well, that's

501
00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:14,240
Speaker 1: why they say, like it's built like Fort Knox. It's

502
00:28:14,240 --> 00:28:16,680
Speaker 1: like it's super secure. She's like, yeah, but what if

503
00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:19,280
Speaker 1: you know some terrors just bombed it. She's like, you

504
00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:21,080
Speaker 1: could just bomb it and then sneak out of there

505
00:28:21,080 --> 00:28:23,920
Speaker 1: with the gold. And I went, you just wrote Diehard three.

506
00:28:24,480 --> 00:28:26,679
Speaker 1: She's like, is that what happened out? That's exactly what happened.

507
00:28:26,680 --> 00:28:28,280
Speaker 1: But I think she makes a good point. I was

508
00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:31,240
Speaker 1: thinking last night to like, if we have all this gold,

509
00:28:31,320 --> 00:28:33,560
Speaker 1: and if it is all there, just keeping it in

510
00:28:33,600 --> 00:28:37,720
Speaker 1: two places, it seems I don't know, it seems unusually

511
00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:41,040
Speaker 1: like tempting fate. I I think I agree with Emily. Yeah,

512
00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:43,560
Speaker 1: six billion dollars worth of gold at Fort Knox. You know,

513
00:28:43,800 --> 00:28:47,160
Speaker 1: my friend, is that more now? Dude? So when when

514
00:28:47,240 --> 00:28:50,960
Speaker 1: Harris wrote this one gold was forty two twenty two

515
00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:55,320
Speaker 1: an ounces and ounce. Right now it's six hundred and

516
00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:58,120
Speaker 1: sixty seven dollars and forty nine cents and ounce. What

517
00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:01,480
Speaker 1: So that means that if Knocks holds a hundred and

518
00:29:01,480 --> 00:29:05,400
Speaker 1: forty seven point three million ounces of gold, the gold

519
00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:09,200
Speaker 1: is worth two five point six billion dollars just sitting

520
00:29:09,200 --> 00:29:13,760
Speaker 1: there and Fort Knock this article. Like, No, I think

521
00:29:13,800 --> 00:29:16,400
Speaker 1: gold went up in the last couple of years because

522
00:29:16,440 --> 00:29:19,680
Speaker 1: of the economy. Everybody flocked to gold. Demand increased, and

523
00:29:19,760 --> 00:29:21,880
Speaker 1: so the price did. It's so amazing to me after

524
00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:24,760
Speaker 1: all these years, gold is still like people hoard it. Yeah. Man,

525
00:29:24,800 --> 00:29:27,840
Speaker 1: When gold prices are low, you're very smart to invest

526
00:29:27,880 --> 00:29:30,360
Speaker 1: in gold because there's always going to be another economic

527
00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:33,320
Speaker 1: downturn and the prices are always just gonna skyrocket. You

528
00:29:33,400 --> 00:29:35,160
Speaker 1: got a couple of in gets in your closet. I

529
00:29:35,200 --> 00:29:37,520
Speaker 1: have them. I have them strapped in my leg. That's

530
00:29:37,520 --> 00:29:41,320
Speaker 1: how I have a limp. That's how we walk. Funny um, alright,

531
00:29:41,360 --> 00:29:43,480
Speaker 1: so during the refining stage, we should point out that

532
00:29:43,520 --> 00:29:46,960
Speaker 1: a lot of times they will um because gold is

533
00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:49,040
Speaker 1: so soft pure gold is, they will combine it with

534
00:29:49,080 --> 00:29:52,000
Speaker 1: other medals to form alloys. And that's why you will

535
00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:54,360
Speaker 1: get something like white gold, which is gold combined with

536
00:29:54,440 --> 00:29:58,040
Speaker 1: nicol or silver pladium. A red gold is golden copper.

537
00:29:58,280 --> 00:30:00,840
Speaker 1: That's pretty and I've ne seen red gold on them.

538
00:30:00,840 --> 00:30:04,480
Speaker 1: They seen roads gold surely all my fans. I mean

539
00:30:04,480 --> 00:30:07,080
Speaker 1: it has like has like a just a slight pink

540
00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:10,480
Speaker 1: hue too. It's very pretty stuff. I'm not big into gold,

541
00:30:11,160 --> 00:30:14,400
Speaker 1: like as far as jewelry. Yeah, no, I'm like you. Uh.

542
00:30:14,440 --> 00:30:16,160
Speaker 1: And then of course you have to talk about a

543
00:30:16,240 --> 00:30:20,000
Speaker 1: carrots caritage, and that is how much gold is in

544
00:30:20,040 --> 00:30:23,160
Speaker 1: the object compared to like silver, nickel or whatever else

545
00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:29,080
Speaker 1: is in that alloy. And interestingly, um, different countries have

546
00:30:29,160 --> 00:30:32,240
Speaker 1: different preferences. Here. You always hear about fourteen carrot gold

547
00:30:32,240 --> 00:30:34,880
Speaker 1: in the United States, which is only fifty eight point

548
00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:37,720
Speaker 1: five percent gold. Apparently in India they're partial to the

549
00:30:37,760 --> 00:30:41,120
Speaker 1: twenty two carrot and uh, which is ninety one point

550
00:30:41,160 --> 00:30:44,600
Speaker 1: seven five percent gold. And the Europeans like to take

551
00:30:44,640 --> 00:30:47,640
Speaker 1: that middle road and hit eighteen carrots Yeah, that's very strange,

552
00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:50,000
Speaker 1: and I don't understand what it is. I can understand

553
00:30:50,040 --> 00:30:53,000
Speaker 1: price being a factor, but maybe it's very odd to

554
00:30:53,000 --> 00:30:56,800
Speaker 1: me that like cultures. Yeah, so it's twenty four carrots

555
00:30:56,840 --> 00:31:01,160
Speaker 1: is percent gold obviously, Yeah, and in for twelve carried

556
00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:04,080
Speaker 1: is fift and about two thirds of all the gold

557
00:31:04,360 --> 00:31:09,840
Speaker 1: is uh jewelry, Yeah, which makes sense. And what's interesting

558
00:31:09,840 --> 00:31:13,160
Speaker 1: about the jewelry is that it's still basically produced as

559
00:31:13,200 --> 00:31:17,280
Speaker 1: it has been for hundreds or thousands of years, um,

560
00:31:17,360 --> 00:31:20,479
Speaker 1: using the same techniques, virtually the same tools. I mean,

561
00:31:20,520 --> 00:31:24,080
Speaker 1: I'm sure they're manufactured much differently, but they are kind

562
00:31:24,080 --> 00:31:29,400
Speaker 1: of the same thing. Yeah. Um. And while jewelry accounts

563
00:31:29,400 --> 00:31:33,480
Speaker 1: for what do you say, two thirds use, there's a

564
00:31:33,520 --> 00:31:37,400
Speaker 1: lot of other pretty interesting uses for gold to electronics

565
00:31:37,560 --> 00:31:39,600
Speaker 1: use a lot of gold and a lot of other

566
00:31:39,680 --> 00:31:45,640
Speaker 1: rare earth minerals like um. Uh. Apparently gold is very

567
00:31:45,760 --> 00:31:48,840
Speaker 1: very conductive. It's more conductive than any metal except for

568
00:31:49,080 --> 00:31:53,360
Speaker 1: copper and um silver. But it has a leg up

569
00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:56,240
Speaker 1: on conference silver and that it corrode. It's very difficult

570
00:31:56,280 --> 00:31:59,440
Speaker 1: for gold to corrode. So that means that if you

571
00:31:59,520 --> 00:32:02,440
Speaker 1: want something that's gonna last a very long time, and

572
00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,800
Speaker 1: be conductive. You might as well use some gold, so

573
00:32:05,840 --> 00:32:10,000
Speaker 1: they do, and things like processors and hard drives and

574
00:32:10,040 --> 00:32:12,280
Speaker 1: that kind of stuff. Yeah, I mean you you might

575
00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:16,640
Speaker 1: see gold on your headphone plug. Your headphone jack might

576
00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:19,239
Speaker 1: be gold plated because it's if it's higher end, they

577
00:32:19,280 --> 00:32:24,160
Speaker 1: might use gold conducts electricity therefore sound better. I have

578
00:32:24,280 --> 00:32:26,960
Speaker 1: seen that. I just thought it was like fancy high

579
00:32:27,040 --> 00:32:30,560
Speaker 1: end or something. Uh. Here's a cool stat because they

580
00:32:30,640 --> 00:32:36,200
Speaker 1: use it so much in electronics and microelectronics. NASA use

581
00:32:36,280 --> 00:32:40,200
Speaker 1: more than forty kilograms ninety pounds of gold on the

582
00:32:40,200 --> 00:32:43,040
Speaker 1: construction of the Space Shuttle Columbia. Right, that's pretty cool.

583
00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:46,120
Speaker 1: FA electronics, And they used it as a reflective surface.

584
00:32:46,120 --> 00:32:49,320
Speaker 1: They use gold film. Remember, you can be gold into

585
00:32:49,360 --> 00:32:54,640
Speaker 1: like a point um point one five millimeter thin sheet.

586
00:32:54,720 --> 00:32:57,600
Speaker 1: It's amazing. So it's light at that point, highly reflective,

587
00:32:58,680 --> 00:33:02,960
Speaker 1: effective against radiation. Yeah, so that's pretty awesome. Um. You

588
00:33:03,000 --> 00:33:06,640
Speaker 1: also use it for crowns. Yeah, they still use gold

589
00:33:06,680 --> 00:33:10,240
Speaker 1: crowns suddenly, I guess, and I imagine it because it's

590
00:33:10,280 --> 00:33:14,880
Speaker 1: not reactive because when things are reactive, especially with cooking,

591
00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:18,080
Speaker 1: it will make things taste terribly. Like there was something

592
00:33:18,120 --> 00:33:22,400
Speaker 1: called a fish fork and it was made of silver,

593
00:33:22,560 --> 00:33:24,400
Speaker 1: and apparently if you had this thing, it was like

594
00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:27,400
Speaker 1: a status symbol or whatever in Victorian the Victorian era.

595
00:33:27,720 --> 00:33:29,800
Speaker 1: But it also did have a practical use in that

596
00:33:30,440 --> 00:33:34,880
Speaker 1: silver didn't react with um lemon juice, which is often

597
00:33:34,960 --> 00:33:37,200
Speaker 1: used to serve with fish, so it didn't affect the taste.

598
00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:39,320
Speaker 1: I imagine that's probably one of the reasons why they

599
00:33:39,400 --> 00:33:42,840
Speaker 1: use gold and crowns, so that you everything doesn't just

600
00:33:42,840 --> 00:33:44,880
Speaker 1: taste back because it's not reacting with anything because it's

601
00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:47,120
Speaker 1: chemically inert. That's a good point, yeah, because you don't

602
00:33:47,120 --> 00:33:49,160
Speaker 1: want to be eating something and think, oh man, my

603
00:33:49,240 --> 00:33:54,720
Speaker 1: new gold tooth makes this Telapia tastes like squid, tastes

604
00:33:54,760 --> 00:33:57,080
Speaker 1: like squid. I don't know, that's not so bad. No,

605
00:33:57,200 --> 00:33:58,960
Speaker 1: I like squid. But if you're eat in telapia, you

606
00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:00,960
Speaker 1: don't want to eat squid? Do eat squid? Will you

607
00:34:00,960 --> 00:34:04,440
Speaker 1: eat octopus? I mean I'll eat all that stuff to

608
00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:08,160
Speaker 1: a certain degree. I mean like Emily when it comes

609
00:34:08,160 --> 00:34:10,520
Speaker 1: to calamari, she will only eat like the things that

610
00:34:10,560 --> 00:34:12,959
Speaker 1: look like little onion rings. As soon as it looks

611
00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:15,680
Speaker 1: like the little miniature creature, She's like, that's for you,

612
00:34:16,080 --> 00:34:18,640
Speaker 1: And I popped that in my mouth. I will probably both,

613
00:34:18,880 --> 00:34:22,520
Speaker 1: especially eat squid. You we won't eat octopus because of

614
00:34:23,160 --> 00:34:26,160
Speaker 1: Remember one of our friends had a friend. They told

615
00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:28,040
Speaker 1: us a story that their friend was a cook for

616
00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:31,040
Speaker 1: some couple down in the Caribbean and the couple like

617
00:34:31,080 --> 00:34:34,840
Speaker 1: caught an octopus and was going to cook it, or

618
00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:37,680
Speaker 1: they gave it to the to their cook to cook,

619
00:34:37,719 --> 00:34:39,960
Speaker 1: and the cook was going to put it in the

620
00:34:40,000 --> 00:34:43,560
Speaker 1: pot alive, and the octopus was wrapping its tentacles around

621
00:34:43,640 --> 00:34:47,080
Speaker 1: the woman like, please don't kill me. And she said

622
00:34:47,120 --> 00:34:48,640
Speaker 1: it was, you know, like one of the worst things

623
00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:50,640
Speaker 1: that ever happened to because she did it anyway, like

624
00:34:50,680 --> 00:34:52,600
Speaker 1: you literally when you literally have to fight to put

625
00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:56,000
Speaker 1: the animal to their death. And and then so that

626
00:34:56,080 --> 00:35:00,719
Speaker 1: combined with I think being inspired to go research octopi

627
00:35:01,239 --> 00:35:03,680
Speaker 1: and finding that they were very intelligent and just like,

628
00:35:03,960 --> 00:35:07,040
Speaker 1: I just can't eat those anymore, which is because there's

629
00:35:07,080 --> 00:35:09,960
Speaker 1: they pop up. It's some pretty delicious dishes, I imagine,

630
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:12,399
Speaker 1: but they're a very smart animals. And he's like, I'm

631
00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:17,160
Speaker 1: just gonna eat them animals, just stupid ones. Right, Yeah,

632
00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:20,560
Speaker 1: I could see that I would be traumatized, Oh my god. Yeah,

633
00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:23,520
Speaker 1: because it was like no, yeah, I would just walk

634
00:35:23,560 --> 00:35:28,440
Speaker 1: slowly into the ocean until it released itself and swam away. Yeah,

635
00:35:28,640 --> 00:35:30,640
Speaker 1: you'd be like the Woodsman and snow White, like I

636
00:35:30,640 --> 00:35:32,759
Speaker 1: don't know what happened to it. But then you start

637
00:35:32,800 --> 00:35:34,680
Speaker 1: to walk back and the octopus reaches up with one

638
00:35:34,719 --> 00:35:37,320
Speaker 1: hand and holds your hand. He's like, I want to

639
00:35:37,360 --> 00:35:38,600
Speaker 1: be your pet. I don't want to go back to

640
00:35:38,600 --> 00:35:41,200
Speaker 1: the sea. Just don't cook me. Don't cook me? All right?

641
00:35:41,560 --> 00:35:44,440
Speaker 1: Where do we leave off food and beverage. You can

642
00:35:44,480 --> 00:35:47,839
Speaker 1: get it in gold slagger, in certain jellies, gold by

643
00:35:47,840 --> 00:35:51,000
Speaker 1: the way, not octopus. Yeah, yeah, yeah, um. And that

644
00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:55,400
Speaker 1: that's all just for marketing and making things. It really is.

645
00:35:55,440 --> 00:35:58,720
Speaker 1: You know. They have like the World's most Expensive Sunday

646
00:35:58,880 --> 00:36:01,360
Speaker 1: or the World's most expensive tells always got gold flakes.

647
00:36:01,440 --> 00:36:03,480
Speaker 1: It does so much so that I think we've talked

648
00:36:03,520 --> 00:36:06,520
Speaker 1: about this. They have another category for world's most expensive

649
00:36:06,560 --> 00:36:10,160
Speaker 1: non gold because it's like any smoke, can you know,

650
00:36:10,239 --> 00:36:12,040
Speaker 1: spit out a hot dog and relish and then put

651
00:36:12,080 --> 00:36:14,439
Speaker 1: gold flakes on and be like World's expensive hot dog

652
00:36:14,960 --> 00:36:18,160
Speaker 1: and that doesn't really you know, So then that means

653
00:36:18,200 --> 00:36:20,839
Speaker 1: some of the gold that we've lost that has been

654
00:36:20,840 --> 00:36:26,360
Speaker 1: pooped out. Yeah. So that's sad, is it. I think so,

655
00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:29,080
Speaker 1: since it's you know, so limited and supply and bad

656
00:36:29,080 --> 00:36:32,680
Speaker 1: for the environment to get well, I guess we should

657
00:36:32,719 --> 00:36:35,160
Speaker 1: talk about that. Yeah, we probably should, because I was

658
00:36:35,239 --> 00:36:37,399
Speaker 1: very surprised. I mean, I've heard that gold was bad

659
00:36:37,440 --> 00:36:40,839
Speaker 1: for the environment, but I didn't realize this. You want

660
00:36:40,840 --> 00:36:42,400
Speaker 1: to you want to tell one of the facts of

661
00:36:42,480 --> 00:36:46,480
Speaker 1: the podcast. Yes, it is like most mining operations, um,

662
00:36:46,480 --> 00:36:48,799
Speaker 1: not great for the environment. In order to get just

663
00:36:48,840 --> 00:36:51,160
Speaker 1: one ounce of gold, you have to get out two

664
00:36:51,520 --> 00:36:54,880
Speaker 1: and fifty tons of the rock and ore and a

665
00:36:54,920 --> 00:36:57,560
Speaker 1: lot of times um well of course, just the cyanide,

666
00:36:57,600 --> 00:37:00,640
Speaker 1: which is never great when you're introducing those kind of chemicals. No,

667
00:37:00,920 --> 00:37:07,880
Speaker 1: and apparently they take this affluent, right, yeah, refluent and

668
00:37:08,040 --> 00:37:13,280
Speaker 1: they dump it out in the ocean, which probably affects OCTOPI. Yeah,

669
00:37:13,560 --> 00:37:16,080
Speaker 1: it's like, hey, here's a bunch of cyanide water, and

670
00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:18,919
Speaker 1: I'm sure the ocean will eventually like even things out,

671
00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:21,319
Speaker 1: But for that local area where it gets dumped, that

672
00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:24,120
Speaker 1: can't be good. Of course not. And that's why there's

673
00:37:24,120 --> 00:37:26,520
Speaker 1: a group, a nonprofit called Earthworks that runs a campaign

674
00:37:26,560 --> 00:37:29,160
Speaker 1: called no Dirty Gold. So I imagine if you have

675
00:37:29,239 --> 00:37:32,360
Speaker 1: a gold wedding band and a blood diamond on your finger,

676
00:37:33,080 --> 00:37:38,799
Speaker 1: then uh, you just like you're that's a double whammy's hatrick? Yeah?

677
00:37:38,840 --> 00:37:41,520
Speaker 1: That well, now hatrick could be three, so not in

678
00:37:41,560 --> 00:37:44,680
Speaker 1: this not in this case. Okay, that's as good as

679
00:37:44,719 --> 00:37:48,320
Speaker 1: you can get, as bad as it gets. So we

680
00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:50,319
Speaker 1: should talk a little bit about gold. Although I think

681
00:37:50,320 --> 00:37:53,000
Speaker 1: we should do a full podcast in the gold standard

682
00:37:53,080 --> 00:37:55,440
Speaker 1: at some point. I know we've touched at some point,

683
00:37:55,560 --> 00:37:59,799
Speaker 1: let's do it. But um, the gold standard was, wasn't

684
00:37:59,840 --> 00:38:04,840
Speaker 1: it like, uh, every dollar amount like was that you

685
00:38:04,880 --> 00:38:07,560
Speaker 1: could print, there was a certain amount of gold that

686
00:38:07,600 --> 00:38:09,759
Speaker 1: had to be in reserve that matched that. Is that

687
00:38:09,800 --> 00:38:12,839
Speaker 1: what it was, Yes, exactly, And if you had a bunch,

688
00:38:12,880 --> 00:38:15,239
Speaker 1: if you had enough money, you could go up to

689
00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:17,520
Speaker 1: you know, the Federal Deservance say I want to catch

690
00:38:17,600 --> 00:38:19,719
Speaker 1: this money out for gold, and they had to give

691
00:38:19,760 --> 00:38:22,440
Speaker 1: it to you by federal law. And that was from

692
00:38:22,520 --> 00:38:26,360
Speaker 1: nineteen hundred to nineteen seventy one. When didn't we just

693
00:38:26,360 --> 00:38:28,560
Speaker 1: start pretty more money than gold and said we should

694
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:30,480
Speaker 1: abandon the gold standard? Yea, And I think when you

695
00:38:30,640 --> 00:38:35,160
Speaker 1: detach your currency from gold becomes a fiat currency right

696
00:38:35,280 --> 00:38:37,560
Speaker 1: to the whims of the market. I seem to remember

697
00:38:37,600 --> 00:38:40,680
Speaker 1: discussing this sum in one of our econ podcasts way

698
00:38:40,680 --> 00:38:44,520
Speaker 1: back when, maybe even audiobook How the Economy Work. Uh,

699
00:38:44,719 --> 00:38:48,040
Speaker 1: the super stuff got into the economy, that's what it's called. Um,

700
00:38:48,480 --> 00:38:53,040
Speaker 1: that was a good one. Um. So two thirty six

701
00:38:53,120 --> 00:38:58,359
Speaker 1: tons of gold are uh being so called hoarded by

702
00:38:58,440 --> 00:39:03,319
Speaker 1: people in governments. Um, is that all two six tons? Yeah,

703
00:39:03,360 --> 00:39:06,880
Speaker 1: it seemed like if if there was still of the

704
00:39:06,920 --> 00:39:10,080
Speaker 1: hundred and sixty one thousand tons. Yeah, if that doesn't

705
00:39:10,120 --> 00:39:12,320
Speaker 1: seem like much, But it doesn't. It's a lot of

706
00:39:12,400 --> 00:39:15,560
Speaker 1: jewelry being more. Yeah. But um, they think there's actually

707
00:39:15,560 --> 00:39:17,560
Speaker 1: gold out and outer space, you know, and some of

708
00:39:17,640 --> 00:39:20,440
Speaker 1: these big asteroids flying by that are chuck full of

709
00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:25,399
Speaker 1: minerals and other metals. Um. There was a near Earth

710
00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:30,520
Speaker 1: asteroid rendezvous spacecraft passed close enough to the asteroid arrows

711
00:39:31,080 --> 00:39:34,440
Speaker 1: to actually send back data and um, they think the

712
00:39:34,560 --> 00:39:37,320
Speaker 1: arrows might have as much as twenty billion tons of gold,

713
00:39:38,120 --> 00:39:40,719
Speaker 1: which would probably really drop the value of gold here

714
00:39:40,760 --> 00:39:42,719
Speaker 1: on Earth if anyone ever got their hands on that.

715
00:39:43,400 --> 00:39:46,160
Speaker 1: How many How do you go about capturing an asteroid?

716
00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:48,760
Speaker 1: I wonder we've we did a podcast on asteroid minding.

717
00:39:48,800 --> 00:39:52,239
Speaker 1: Remember is that the same thing? Okay, that's what they

718
00:39:52,239 --> 00:39:56,440
Speaker 1: would do. Well, I retreat, Then we should just do that.

719
00:39:57,520 --> 00:40:01,120
Speaker 1: I could do that. Senders will us up with a lasso,

720
00:40:01,360 --> 00:40:05,080
Speaker 1: a golden lasso riding a jackalope and attach it to

721
00:40:05,120 --> 00:40:09,000
Speaker 1: the jackalobes tale and ride it back to Earth. You

722
00:40:09,040 --> 00:40:12,759
Speaker 1: got anything else? I don't, Well, that's uh oh, I

723
00:40:12,800 --> 00:40:15,160
Speaker 1: have one more thing I want to recommend. Um Harris

724
00:40:15,160 --> 00:40:18,120
Speaker 1: didn't mention this. One of the other really bad environmental

725
00:40:18,200 --> 00:40:23,440
Speaker 1: impacts of gold is illegal gold mining. Apparently, um Guiana

726
00:40:23,840 --> 00:40:27,319
Speaker 1: has a lot of illegal gold mining. And one of

727
00:40:27,320 --> 00:40:30,960
Speaker 1: the things that you if you're an illegal underground gold miner,

728
00:40:31,160 --> 00:40:35,760
Speaker 1: you're not going through this elaborate extraction and refining process.

729
00:40:35,920 --> 00:40:39,960
Speaker 1: You are basically taking your ore in. You're refining or

730
00:40:40,200 --> 00:40:44,600
Speaker 1: extracting on site using mercury. Mercury is what they use.

731
00:40:44,680 --> 00:40:48,160
Speaker 1: So there's not only a lot of like illegal, horrible

732
00:40:48,239 --> 00:40:50,680
Speaker 1: for the environment gold mining going on, there's also a

733
00:40:50,680 --> 00:40:53,160
Speaker 1: lot of mercury mining and a lot of mercury like runoff.

734
00:40:53,200 --> 00:40:56,920
Speaker 1: So there's mercury poisoning all over Guiana right now. And

735
00:40:56,960 --> 00:40:59,440
Speaker 1: there's a really great article may have one appealed to

736
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:01,640
Speaker 1: I found it puels or dot org, but it was

737
00:41:01,680 --> 00:41:05,320
Speaker 1: originally in Harper's That's where I read it. Gold Guns

738
00:41:05,360 --> 00:41:09,200
Speaker 1: and guaren Pierros. That is g A R I M

739
00:41:09,320 --> 00:41:13,040
Speaker 1: P E I R O S. And it's by Damon Tabor.

740
00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:17,000
Speaker 1: Good stuff, awesome. Article is so engrossing, one of those

741
00:41:17,000 --> 00:41:18,640
Speaker 1: that makes you want to like not ever use gold

742
00:41:18,640 --> 00:41:21,759
Speaker 1: for anything. Uh, it has that effect a little bit,

743
00:41:21,880 --> 00:41:25,120
Speaker 1: but it's it's more just completely fascinating, like you can't

744
00:41:25,120 --> 00:41:29,279
Speaker 1: believe that people are doing this. Yeah, and child labor two, right,

745
00:41:29,360 --> 00:41:31,520
Speaker 1: isn't that a big problem? I think that's part of it,

746
00:41:31,560 --> 00:41:35,600
Speaker 1: but more um, it's just you are you really risk

747
00:41:35,760 --> 00:41:39,160
Speaker 1: death in these like called wildcat camps, these illegal gold

748
00:41:39,280 --> 00:41:44,160
Speaker 1: mining operations, because I mean if some in the mercury

749
00:41:44,719 --> 00:41:48,400
Speaker 1: in the guns, and you know, people staking other people's claims,

750
00:41:48,520 --> 00:41:53,319
Speaker 1: bad bad news. So there you can gold gold. If

751
00:41:53,320 --> 00:41:55,000
Speaker 1: you want to learn more about gold, you can type

752
00:41:55,000 --> 00:41:57,560
Speaker 1: that words into the handy search bar at how stuff

753
00:41:57,560 --> 00:41:59,960
Speaker 1: works dot com. And since I said that, it's time

754
00:42:00,040 --> 00:42:04,319
Speaker 1: for a listener mail Josh, I'm gonna call this the

755
00:42:04,320 --> 00:42:06,919
Speaker 1: ten Commandments of Chuck and Josh, although there's only eight.

756
00:42:08,120 --> 00:42:13,200
Speaker 1: Um and this is from Professor Tom uh, guys, I

757
00:42:13,280 --> 00:42:16,040
Speaker 1: teach a communications course at an area of community college

758
00:42:16,600 --> 00:42:19,640
Speaker 1: and UH and in universities. I often recommend your podcast

759
00:42:19,640 --> 00:42:22,120
Speaker 1: in my classes, especially to students that seem to love

760
00:42:22,239 --> 00:42:27,000
Speaker 1: learning but may have not been encouraged by family, your friends. UM,

761
00:42:27,040 --> 00:42:28,880
Speaker 1: I'm hoping that they may pick up a few important

762
00:42:28,920 --> 00:42:32,200
Speaker 1: life lessons from you guys, as well as interesting guys.

763
00:42:32,840 --> 00:42:34,680
Speaker 1: Here a few life lesson highlights that I think you

764
00:42:34,719 --> 00:42:38,280
Speaker 1: guys display. Number one, normal guys can talk about something

765
00:42:38,280 --> 00:42:43,359
Speaker 1: other than sports. It's true, I don't know sports. Number two.

766
00:42:43,360 --> 00:42:47,560
Speaker 1: Good presentations begin with an attention getting introduction. Josh will

767
00:42:47,560 --> 00:42:49,680
Speaker 1: tell you this is sometimes easier said, been done. Yes,

768
00:42:50,000 --> 00:42:54,120
Speaker 1: that's absolutely true. Um, if you don't know something, UH,

769
00:42:54,120 --> 00:42:56,400
Speaker 1: look it up. And if you're looking it up on

770
00:42:56,440 --> 00:43:00,120
Speaker 1: the internet, check more than one source. Life lessons this

771
00:43:00,280 --> 00:43:02,879
Speaker 1: this this guy is really paying attention to what we're doing. Yes,

772
00:43:03,360 --> 00:43:06,040
Speaker 1: learning involves mistakes. Number four. Take a shot at pronouncing

773
00:43:06,080 --> 00:43:09,680
Speaker 1: new word to get wrong, venture I guess, share a

774
00:43:09,719 --> 00:43:12,839
Speaker 1: new hypothesis, then invite feedback, which is the important part.

775
00:43:13,200 --> 00:43:16,399
Speaker 1: Karen Pierro's number five. You don't have to make fun

776
00:43:16,400 --> 00:43:18,719
Speaker 1: of people to be funny. If you absolutely must mock

777
00:43:18,800 --> 00:43:23,200
Speaker 1: someone mock yourself. You're fit at that. Number six, It's

778
00:43:23,200 --> 00:43:26,000
Speaker 1: okay for guys to have a variety of emotions. There's

779
00:43:26,040 --> 00:43:29,200
Speaker 1: nothing unmanly with being sensitive or expressing emotions other than anger.

780
00:43:29,680 --> 00:43:32,640
Speaker 1: It's even healthy for guys to talk about their emotions. Chuckle.

781
00:43:32,760 --> 00:43:36,280
Speaker 1: Do you like the new Rosy career? Yeah? Number seven,

782
00:43:36,320 --> 00:43:39,200
Speaker 1: it's worth the effort to be respectful of others. Sometimes

783
00:43:39,280 --> 00:43:42,080
Speaker 1: you have to stop yourself before you make an off

784
00:43:42,120 --> 00:43:45,200
Speaker 1: hand joke, which we do. Um. Sometimes you have to

785
00:43:45,280 --> 00:43:47,040
Speaker 1: use a term that is more accurate up to date,

786
00:43:47,120 --> 00:43:49,080
Speaker 1: which we try and do. Sometimes you have to remember

787
00:43:49,080 --> 00:43:51,640
Speaker 1: what it feels like to be seen as different and

788
00:43:51,680 --> 00:43:54,320
Speaker 1: see if your language could be more inclusive or encouraging.

789
00:43:54,680 --> 00:43:57,360
Speaker 1: Even if only one person in your audience notices the efforts,

790
00:43:57,440 --> 00:44:01,680
Speaker 1: It's worth it, man, This this is my conscience writing.

791
00:44:01,719 --> 00:44:04,640
Speaker 1: And number eight, curiosity can last a lifetime. And that

792
00:44:04,760 --> 00:44:07,200
Speaker 1: was the last one, and he said, guys, there's a

793
00:44:07,200 --> 00:44:10,080
Speaker 1: lot to be said for teaching by example. Whether you

794
00:44:10,120 --> 00:44:12,560
Speaker 1: realize it or not, you're doing it every week, and

795
00:44:12,640 --> 00:44:16,600
Speaker 1: he goes on with an interesting ps from Professor Tom. Yes,

796
00:44:16,640 --> 00:44:18,600
Speaker 1: if you have my gay male friends and I got

797
00:44:18,680 --> 00:44:20,879
Speaker 1: talking about your show. We tried to figure out which

798
00:44:20,880 --> 00:44:24,320
Speaker 1: type you would be if you'd been born gay. It

799
00:44:24,400 --> 00:44:27,359
Speaker 1: was unanimous. Chuck is clearly a bear. If you have

800
00:44:27,480 --> 00:44:29,239
Speaker 1: a gay brother, Chuck, I have a few friends who

801
00:44:29,239 --> 00:44:31,960
Speaker 1: would like to meet him. I do have a brother,

802
00:44:32,080 --> 00:44:33,839
Speaker 1: but he's not gay, and he would not be a bear.

803
00:44:33,920 --> 00:44:35,960
Speaker 1: He's he's prettier than me. He is very pretty. You

804
00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:38,480
Speaker 1: would actually love my brother. Yeah, he's got great hair.

805
00:44:38,680 --> 00:44:40,719
Speaker 1: I thought you guys would know with like knowing that

806
00:44:40,760 --> 00:44:42,719
Speaker 1: you were being stereotyped by a bunch of gay guys

807
00:44:42,719 --> 00:44:45,279
Speaker 1: standing around drinking beer at a bar called the Whole

808
00:44:46,600 --> 00:44:50,080
Speaker 1: Performing Stuff you Should Know podcast analysis, What a world,

809
00:44:50,760 --> 00:44:53,759
Speaker 1: Thanks Professor Tom. Yeah, that's a great email. That was

810
00:44:53,800 --> 00:44:56,719
Speaker 1: a great email. We gotta print that one out frame

811
00:44:56,840 --> 00:45:01,040
Speaker 1: it Um. If you ever do an analysis of stuff

812
00:45:01,080 --> 00:45:04,960
Speaker 1: you should Know, we want to hear what you've can concluded. Um,

813
00:45:05,040 --> 00:45:07,400
Speaker 1: you can tweak to us if it's a short conclusion

814
00:45:07,800 --> 00:45:10,840
Speaker 1: at s Y s K Podcast. You can join us

815
00:45:11,520 --> 00:45:14,319
Speaker 1: at Facebook dot com slash Stuff you Should Know. You

816
00:45:14,360 --> 00:45:17,279
Speaker 1: can send us an email to uh Stuff Podcast at

817
00:45:17,280 --> 00:45:20,480
Speaker 1: Discovery dot com, and you can join us on our

818
00:45:20,520 --> 00:45:23,440
Speaker 1: website always the Home of Stuff you Should Know That

819
00:45:23,600 --> 00:45:26,480
Speaker 1: is stuff you should know dot com. Hey, and don't

820
00:45:26,520 --> 00:45:29,480
Speaker 1: forget to watch our TV show Science Channel Saturdays. It

821
00:45:29,520 --> 00:45:38,000
Speaker 1: didn't be in Eastern That's exactly right. Dot com For

822
00:45:38,080 --> 00:45:40,400
Speaker 1: more on this and thousands of other topics. Is it

823
00:45:40,480 --> 00:45:50,160
Speaker 1: How stuff works? Dot Com Brought to you by the

824
00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:53,600
Speaker 1: two thousand twelve Toyota Camera. It's ready, are you