WEBVTT - What was America's first terrorist threat? 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:04.280 Welcome to you stuff you should know from house Stuff 0:00:04.280 --> 0:00:12.680 Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 0:00:12.760 --> 0:00:16.560 Josh Clark. There's Charles W Chuck Bryant. I'm talking weird 0:00:16.640 --> 0:00:19.120 like a radio announcer, which means it's time for stuff 0:00:19.160 --> 0:00:25.040 you know podcast. It's right. Welcome, sir. How are you well? 0:00:25.440 --> 0:00:29.000 I'm good. Welcome to you as well. Great, I'm I'm good. 0:00:29.280 --> 0:00:34.519 You I'm fantastic. Are you sure you're feeling high? Uh? 0:00:35.040 --> 0:00:39.320 Is that a trick question? Yeah? I'm feeling high, good man, 0:00:39.440 --> 0:00:43.080 feeling high, feeling gay and feeling ready to go? Good. Well, 0:00:43.159 --> 0:00:47.520 let's do this all right, okay, um, Chuck, Josh, Yeah, 0:00:47.600 --> 0:00:50.960 Wait a minute, wait, let me relish this. There's no plugs, 0:00:50.960 --> 0:00:58.360 there's no lead ins, nothing here. Pretty good, okay, Chuck. Yes, 0:00:58.760 --> 0:01:04.360 have you ever heard the terrorism? Terror? Terror? War? Is 0:01:05.000 --> 0:01:07.959 no terror? Or? I know? I have a thick tongue 0:01:08.440 --> 0:01:12.720 terror or terror? Yes? I have you have? Yes? Did 0:01:12.760 --> 0:01:15.679 you know it's from the French? Um? I did not know. That. 0:01:15.880 --> 0:01:19.440 Pretty surprising, isn't it? It is to me it's from 0:01:19.440 --> 0:01:23.959 the French. Terrorism. That's how I assume it's pronounced. You 0:01:24.000 --> 0:01:29.920 have to say it like you're condescending. Sorry, uh yeah, nice, um. 0:01:29.959 --> 0:01:34.240 But it was coined during the reign of terror in 0:01:34.319 --> 0:01:40.160 the sev during the French Revolution, So uh, did it 0:01:40.280 --> 0:01:44.080 have the same meaning like unconventional means of warfare that 0:01:44.160 --> 0:01:47.640 involved citizens. It was basically it did have roughly the 0:01:47.680 --> 0:01:50.320 same the same meaning in that it involves citizens. This 0:01:50.360 --> 0:01:53.400 is the one thing that terrorism is always pointed to. 0:01:54.360 --> 0:02:00.000 It's um. It's it's when citizens, innocence are casualties, are 0:02:00.120 --> 0:02:05.560 directly involved in big problems. Yeah, and not just you know, 0:02:05.640 --> 0:02:09.400 of course there's casualties all the time, including nowadays with 0:02:09.680 --> 0:02:13.799 US drone strikes and our own wars, but literally abandoning 0:02:13.800 --> 0:02:16.079 the rules of war, which we've done a podcast on 0:02:16.480 --> 0:02:21.840 in favor of you know, homemade guerilla tactics to all 0:02:21.880 --> 0:02:25.440 outside those rules and to terrorize people and to terrorize people, 0:02:25.520 --> 0:02:30.839 but you're you're directly targeting normal, everyday citizens, which there 0:02:30.880 --> 0:02:34.160 in lies the terror right. So terrorism, it's been around 0:02:34.160 --> 0:02:37.840 the last couple of hundred years, although in the US 0:02:37.960 --> 0:02:42.040 here it's it's just only in the I guess the 0:02:42.080 --> 0:02:45.320 fifties it started to become kind of a household word. 0:02:45.960 --> 0:02:50.519 Definitely by the eighties. Once um, hijackers started taking over 0:02:50.560 --> 0:02:54.760 airplanes all over the place. We knew what terrorists were. Yeah, boy, 0:02:55.120 --> 0:02:57.720 remember that hijacking was such a big deal because I 0:02:57.800 --> 0:02:59.880 used to be terrified of that, and of course that 0:03:00.040 --> 0:03:03.560 was a central component of nine eleven. But um like 0:03:03.639 --> 0:03:06.080 hijacking as far as just taking over the plane, that 0:03:06.160 --> 0:03:08.880 was like a big deal back in the day. Remember 0:03:08.919 --> 0:03:12.440 that very iconic image of the terrorists holding a gun 0:03:12.480 --> 0:03:15.480 to that pilot's head on a tarmac and I think 0:03:15.520 --> 0:03:19.240 cypress and leaning out the window. Yeah, I remember that. 0:03:19.919 --> 0:03:22.120 It was before they had the good sense to keep 0:03:22.160 --> 0:03:26.119 those doors secure or use metal detector before you got 0:03:26.120 --> 0:03:28.359 on the plate, so you couldn't get a forty five 0:03:28.400 --> 0:03:30.400 onto a plane. You're just on the plane smoking your 0:03:30.400 --> 0:03:33.640 cigarette with your gun, right exactly. Pilots doors open, if 0:03:33.639 --> 0:03:35.560 you want to tour the cockpit, just come on up, right. 0:03:35.880 --> 0:03:38.200 Do you mind taking your burlap hood off right so 0:03:38.320 --> 0:03:40.600 we can see who you are? Man? Things were so lax, 0:03:40.840 --> 0:03:45.120 so weird, so um. So we we came to understand 0:03:45.200 --> 0:03:47.480 terrorism from maybe the sixties of the eighties on. But 0:03:48.160 --> 0:03:52.480 the United States has been dealing with terrorism literally since 0:03:52.520 --> 0:03:59.760 the moment it was born. Especially if you call piracy terrorism, 0:04:00.080 --> 0:04:04.400 and for our purposes today we will yes to fall 0:04:04.440 --> 0:04:06.440 in line with the title of this article. We're going 0:04:06.520 --> 0:04:10.520 to yes. Uh, from the moment we gained our independence 0:04:10.600 --> 0:04:14.880 from England before them, yeah, before then, because Europe was 0:04:14.920 --> 0:04:17.560 dealing with it as well. He's um on the North 0:04:17.600 --> 0:04:22.920 African Coast, the Barbary Coast, so named for the Barbarossa brothers. Yeah, 0:04:23.200 --> 0:04:27.239 care and Dean. No, that's sorry, that's one guy. Car 0:04:27.920 --> 0:04:31.200 Dean was one Barbarossa. Yeah, I'm not quite sure who 0:04:31.200 --> 0:04:34.800 he was, but there were brothers, a rouge and his ear. Yeah, 0:04:34.839 --> 0:04:39.440 and Barbara Rossa, Barbara Beard Rosa, Red red Beard, red Beard, 0:04:39.480 --> 0:04:44.040 just like the Ferrari Testa Rosa, the Red Testes exactly. 0:04:44.480 --> 0:04:47.800 And uh like former quarterback then he Testa Verde. But 0:04:47.920 --> 0:04:51.280 my friend he's called Bevinny green Balls, so I thought 0:04:51.279 --> 0:04:53.440 was pretty funny. And he played that he was like 0:04:53.480 --> 0:04:56.640 fifty so he probably did have said he played for 0:04:56.640 --> 0:04:59.920 the books, right. Oh, he played for a bunch of teams. 0:05:00.120 --> 0:05:02.200 He was known to play for the Buccaneers, he was 0:05:02.440 --> 0:05:05.400 and then later with the Jets, and he was all 0:05:05.400 --> 0:05:08.720 over the place. Yeah, I was just associated with the Buccaneers. Yeah, 0:05:08.760 --> 0:05:10.320 well he I think he played a portion of his 0:05:10.360 --> 0:05:12.160 career there, but when he played for twenty five years 0:05:12.240 --> 0:05:14.640 or whatever, you're gonna get around. You know, there was 0:05:14.720 --> 0:05:19.120 never a better Heyday for team logos than there were 0:05:19.200 --> 0:05:23.360 than the seventies and eighties. Like the old Raiders logo, 0:05:23.560 --> 0:05:25.719 which I guess is still around that the Raiders stay 0:05:25.760 --> 0:05:27.880 pretty concer but the Buccaneers used to have a great 0:05:27.920 --> 0:05:30.440 one orange. The New England Patriots had like that min 0:05:30.600 --> 0:05:32.960 man who was ready to hike the ball. They were, 0:05:32.960 --> 0:05:35.560 They were just great. The Pittsburgh Pirates had probably one 0:05:35.560 --> 0:05:38.560 of the better ones of all time. Uh well, yeah 0:05:38.560 --> 0:05:41.440 they were baseball of course, sure, I know, yeah, I 0:05:41.480 --> 0:05:44.560 said sports logos. Okay, I think I said sports. Yeah, 0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:46.440 you're talking about the old stove top hats that the 0:05:46.440 --> 0:05:49.720 Pirates were at the flat Caps they had. Oh yeah, yeah, 0:05:49.839 --> 0:05:52.520 those are awesome with the yellow bands. Yeah they were terrible. 0:05:52.760 --> 0:05:55.640 So speaking of Pirates, we were talking about the brothers 0:05:55.839 --> 0:05:59.800 red Beard, Barbarossa and um. These guys were actually Turks, 0:06:00.560 --> 0:06:03.200 but the Spaniards were the ones who named them. Barbarossa 0:06:03.400 --> 0:06:07.520 and the Spaniards were well versed in the school of 0:06:07.560 --> 0:06:13.000 the Blade, taught by a rouge and his year Barbarossa. Yeah, 0:06:13.000 --> 0:06:17.159 and these pirates specifically were helping out Muslim Moore's driven 0:06:17.200 --> 0:06:20.240 away from Spain by Christians, and this just reinforced to 0:06:20.279 --> 0:06:23.560 me like Christians and Muslims, man, they've been fighting for 0:06:23.600 --> 0:06:26.800 a long time, like anything you see on the news 0:06:26.800 --> 0:06:29.120 these days, just like, yeah, this has got quite a 0:06:29.160 --> 0:06:32.080 bit of history here. Yeah, is a really big year 0:06:32.160 --> 0:06:35.559 for Spain. Sent Columbus over here to the New World 0:06:35.839 --> 0:06:39.760 and drove the um Spanish Muslims a k a. The 0:06:39.800 --> 0:06:43.400 Moops from Spain or they the moops, No, the Moors. 0:06:43.440 --> 0:06:46.360 Remember that Seinfeld where he's playing can we pursue with 0:06:46.400 --> 0:06:49.640 Bubble Boy and he's like the Moors. He goes, no, 0:06:49.760 --> 0:06:53.960 it's the moops. Yeah, I forgot about that. I feel 0:06:54.000 --> 0:06:56.840 silly because I thought that might have been. Yeah, yeah, 0:06:57.120 --> 0:07:01.559 the Spaniards like Moore's moops. Who cares? Okay. So after 0:07:01.600 --> 0:07:05.680 this happens, the Mediterranean Sea right there between North Africa 0:07:05.720 --> 0:07:08.360 and Southern Europe, all of a sudden, because it was 0:07:08.400 --> 0:07:12.160 such a heavily traveled trade route, became a haven for 0:07:12.280 --> 0:07:15.320 piracy because there was lots of stuff to booty, Yeah, 0:07:15.400 --> 0:07:17.920 lots of stuff to lots of booty to pillage. Yeah, 0:07:17.960 --> 0:07:21.320 because at this time it was that was the route 0:07:21.320 --> 0:07:23.760 between Europe and the East Indies, and that's where Europe 0:07:23.800 --> 0:07:25.800 was making all of its money from the spice trade 0:07:25.800 --> 0:07:28.000 and all that um. And so to get there you 0:07:28.040 --> 0:07:31.480 had to go through the Mediterranean. When the Christians drove 0:07:31.600 --> 0:07:34.560 the Moors to North Africa, and of course the North 0:07:34.600 --> 0:07:37.640 Africans are like, hey, we're living here, the Berber folks, 0:07:37.680 --> 0:07:40.800 and that where Barbary comes from. No Barbary comes from Barbarossa. 0:07:41.240 --> 0:07:42.640 Oh I thought it said it was so named for 0:07:42.640 --> 0:07:45.360 the Berber people. Know, the Barbarossa brothers. Those guys were 0:07:45.440 --> 0:07:49.560 so bad they named the entire North African coast after them, 0:07:49.640 --> 0:07:56.280 the four states of uh, Algiers, Tunis, Morocco, and Tripoli, 0:07:56.320 --> 0:08:00.840 which is what we know know is liberal Libya, liberty. 0:08:01.040 --> 0:08:06.200 That's the Barbary Coast named after the Barbarosis. So you've 0:08:06.200 --> 0:08:08.920 got all this piracy going on. It's stepping up in 0:08:08.920 --> 0:08:14.200 earnest after and everybody's just getting taken every which way 0:08:14.320 --> 0:08:20.240 but Sunday, that's right, Uh, every which way. So Muslims 0:08:20.280 --> 0:08:22.240 and Christians were both you know, getting it on the 0:08:22.240 --> 0:08:24.640 piracy game. We don't want to like sling stones to 0:08:24.680 --> 0:08:29.800 good point only at the Muslims. But um, because of 0:08:29.800 --> 0:08:32.000 where it was, it was just a haven for it. 0:08:32.080 --> 0:08:35.959 And I think you point out this is your article right, Um, 0:08:36.000 --> 0:08:38.480 in the seventeenth century at one point and estimated twenty 0:08:38.840 --> 0:08:42.440 people were captured by the Barbaries and held in Algiers alone. 0:08:42.679 --> 0:08:45.960 Twenty thousand kidnappings. That's like a couple of good sized 0:08:45.960 --> 0:08:49.400 cities back then. Yeah, that's significant. So they were doing 0:08:49.400 --> 0:08:53.680 a pretty good job. I guess it's the piracy. Yeah, 0:08:54.160 --> 0:08:56.640 that's like the average attendance on a Tuesday night of 0:08:56.640 --> 0:09:01.040 a Pittsburgh Pirates game in the late seventies. Tuesday night, 0:09:01.120 --> 0:09:06.440 late seventies. Yeah, they were pretty good. Yeah, but Roberto 0:09:06.520 --> 0:09:09.920 Clemente era, he can fill those seats. He was earlier 0:09:09.960 --> 0:09:12.200 than that. But yeah, the Willie Stargel era, that's what 0:09:12.240 --> 0:09:15.760 I said. Let's call it that. Um so European. They 0:09:15.800 --> 0:09:18.160 they did so much pirating. They thought, you know what, 0:09:18.200 --> 0:09:21.520 we can make more money if we start to extort people. 0:09:22.120 --> 0:09:24.120 Not only can we pillage their booty, we can extort 0:09:24.160 --> 0:09:27.920 money from them a k a. Getting tributes paid, Yeah, 0:09:27.960 --> 0:09:31.040 which is really just extortion. It's a protection racket. Yeah, 0:09:31.640 --> 0:09:33.880 it was. We will protect you from ourselves. These guys 0:09:33.880 --> 0:09:36.240 are like Sicilians. All of a sudden, it's like, hey, 0:09:36.240 --> 0:09:39.600 we wouldn't want anything to happen to your ship. Give 0:09:39.679 --> 0:09:41.839 us some money, we'll make sure it doesn't. But they 0:09:41.840 --> 0:09:44.440 weren't even as sly as the average Sicilian. They said, 0:09:44.880 --> 0:09:47.200 if you don't give us money, we're going to attack 0:09:47.240 --> 0:09:51.560 your ships, take your goods, and kidnap your crews. And 0:09:51.600 --> 0:09:54.280 they had certain things so in addition to to tribute 0:09:54.880 --> 0:09:58.800 and then capturing goods, kidnapping a person could be kind 0:09:58.800 --> 0:10:03.640 of lucrative no matter what the person's station was socially. Well, yeah, 0:10:03.640 --> 0:10:06.080 because well, first of all, pay us if and we 0:10:06.120 --> 0:10:08.720 won't kidnap you, and then we will kidnap you and 0:10:08.720 --> 0:10:11.320 then get try and get you to pay us the ransom, 0:10:11.480 --> 0:10:13.160 or if you won't do that, then we'll just sell 0:10:13.200 --> 0:10:14.840 you as a slave. And we're gonna make money one 0:10:14.840 --> 0:10:17.000 way or the other, one way or another. If you 0:10:17.080 --> 0:10:20.400 are a member of a Barbary state and you're a pirate, 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:22.800 you know how to make some coin. Yeah, And it 0:10:22.880 --> 0:10:28.319 was such a racket that nations included line items and 0:10:28.360 --> 0:10:32.400 their budgets to pay these tributes. It was like an actual. 0:10:33.040 --> 0:10:35.840 I guess you'd call it legit. I mean, it wasn't 0:10:35.880 --> 0:10:39.319 legitimate because it was uh, you know, plundering, but they 0:10:39.520 --> 0:10:41.720 legitimately included it as like, hey, we gotta pay these 0:10:41.760 --> 0:10:43.880 guys off exactly this much money per year, so we 0:10:43.920 --> 0:10:46.599 just gotta think about that. Yeah. Um, and the I 0:10:46.640 --> 0:10:51.000 think the United States in its four fiscal budget had 0:10:51.040 --> 0:10:55.400 eight grand set aside to pay as tribute to Barbary governments. Yeah, 0:10:55.520 --> 0:10:59.280 that is crazy. And um, that was actually small at first. 0:10:59.280 --> 0:11:01.760 Two Well yeah it um, I think you pointing out 0:11:01.800 --> 0:11:06.280 it goes up to a million dollars by and they 0:11:06.320 --> 0:11:10.560 paid a million dollars annually for fifteen years. It's a 0:11:10.600 --> 0:11:13.160 lot of coin. Back then. That was ten percent of 0:11:13.200 --> 0:11:18.720 the federal annual income at the time. Well million bucks. 0:11:18.760 --> 0:11:21.440 The reason it went up so much was the Barbary 0:11:21.480 --> 0:11:26.360 states actually had tribute on a sliding scale. They they 0:11:26.679 --> 0:11:29.240 the European nations right at the time. If you think 0:11:29.240 --> 0:11:31.800 of them as corporations, because essentially it's what they were, 0:11:32.200 --> 0:11:35.280 Like the British East India Company was pretty much one 0:11:35.280 --> 0:11:39.720 and the same as the British government. Um, they would 0:11:39.800 --> 0:11:43.560 use the Barbary pirates to um, they would use their 0:11:43.600 --> 0:11:46.360 diplomats to get the Barbary pirates to attack some nations 0:11:46.440 --> 0:11:50.000 leave theirs alone. They would pay some tribute, but they 0:11:50.000 --> 0:11:53.120 were It was definitely part of the political maneuvering was 0:11:53.200 --> 0:11:56.640 to just kind of keep this Mediterranean shipping channel open 0:11:56.880 --> 0:11:59.880 for the superpowers and squeeze out the little guys. Well 0:12:00.000 --> 0:12:02.240 of Barbaries were like, yeah, we like making money from you, 0:12:02.440 --> 0:12:03.960 but we also want to make it from the little 0:12:04.000 --> 0:12:07.280 guys too, So we're gonna establish the sliding scale and 0:12:07.360 --> 0:12:09.719 based on the size of your economy, that's how much 0:12:09.720 --> 0:12:11.960 tribute we're going to extract from you. And when the 0:12:12.040 --> 0:12:14.880 US was born, they're like, oh, you're tiny, just give 0:12:14.960 --> 0:12:17.960 us like eighty grant how about that? And then within 0:12:18.080 --> 0:12:20.200 like ten years they were like, oh, yeah, you guys 0:12:20.200 --> 0:12:23.520 have a whole continent of raw material. You show no 0:12:23.600 --> 0:12:27.400 scruples that stealing it um from the natives who are 0:12:27.480 --> 0:12:30.000 living there, right, So how about a million a year 0:12:30.040 --> 0:12:34.520 from So they did that for fifteen years. Um. One 0:12:34.520 --> 0:12:36.240 of the main reasons they did this for so long 0:12:36.400 --> 0:12:39.240 was because they were trying to form a navy. They 0:12:39.240 --> 0:12:42.600 didn't even have a navy at this point the US. Yeah, 0:12:42.640 --> 0:12:44.960 and then in fact this is why the navy was born. 0:12:44.960 --> 0:12:46.680 It would have been born at some point anyway, because 0:12:46.679 --> 0:12:49.600 you need a navy. But this is what really spurred 0:12:49.679 --> 0:12:52.480 the creation of the navy in the US. And Thomas 0:12:52.559 --> 0:12:55.800 Jefferson comes along and was, like I told John Adams, 0:12:55.800 --> 0:12:59.200 was like, dude, we can't be paying these this old 0:12:59.240 --> 0:13:02.280 world stuff and worrying about paying off these tributes to 0:13:02.320 --> 0:13:05.200 these guys. Like we got to expand west brother, Like 0:13:05.240 --> 0:13:07.280 this is where it's at. We're sitting here playing these 0:13:07.320 --> 0:13:10.480 old games, paying these guys money and trading and over 0:13:10.520 --> 0:13:13.920 the Atlantic. Screw that, Let's just stay over here, expand westward, 0:13:13.960 --> 0:13:15.920 and that's where the future of this country is. Right. 0:13:16.440 --> 0:13:18.880 He also made a pretty good point that it would 0:13:18.920 --> 0:13:23.080 be more cost effective to take that million bucks and 0:13:23.120 --> 0:13:27.079 put it into a navy and pound the Barbary States 0:13:27.160 --> 0:13:29.839 into submission, then to just keep paying him a million 0:13:29.880 --> 0:13:33.160 dollars a year, you know, ad infinite. Um. I wonder 0:13:33.200 --> 0:13:35.080 what the because this is while they were doing this, 0:13:35.160 --> 0:13:37.520 concurrently they were building a navy to try and stop this. 0:13:37.720 --> 0:13:40.679 Like if that was ten, I wonder how much it 0:13:40.720 --> 0:13:43.720 costs to build the navy, Like a substantial portion of 0:13:43.760 --> 0:13:46.559 the federal government's funds was tied up and stopping this 0:13:46.679 --> 0:13:51.240 at the time, including building the navy, paying these ransoms 0:13:51.320 --> 0:13:54.959 or tributes or extortion fees depend which way one. And 0:13:55.040 --> 0:13:56.760 it was a big problem, like we said, right out 0:13:56.760 --> 0:13:58.920 of the gate um. But it wasn't handled for a 0:13:58.920 --> 0:14:03.359 while because Jefferson ideas, I guess, his westward expansion concept 0:14:03.880 --> 0:14:07.199 and then building a navy rather than paying tribute um. 0:14:07.320 --> 0:14:11.640 He was in the minority. He was the diplomat that 0:14:11.760 --> 0:14:16.160 succeeded Benjamin Franklin, who was the America's first diplomat or France. 0:14:16.800 --> 0:14:20.960 And Benjamin Franklin had he took the tech that most 0:14:21.000 --> 0:14:23.960 people at the time took, which was this was just 0:14:24.120 --> 0:14:28.480 part of doing business with the East Indies, and you know, 0:14:28.560 --> 0:14:31.080 we'll we'll do what we can. Before we used to 0:14:31.080 --> 0:14:33.720 be under the protection of Great Britain. While we split 0:14:33.760 --> 0:14:36.160 from Great Britain, we're not under the protection anymore. We're 0:14:36.200 --> 0:14:38.760 still kind of a fledge nation, so we need a 0:14:38.760 --> 0:14:42.760 protection of superpower. So Franklin knew how to charm the French, 0:14:43.600 --> 0:14:47.240 and he set up the Treaty of Amity and Commerce 0:14:47.440 --> 0:14:53.640 of seventeen seventeen seventy eight just directly addresses this pretty much. Yeah. 0:14:53.880 --> 0:14:57.080 It actually had mentioned the Barbary nations by name in 0:14:57.120 --> 0:15:01.040 this treaty and basically said France, you got help us 0:15:01.080 --> 0:15:07.400 out here in the Mediterranean and France said okay. They 0:15:07.400 --> 0:15:10.760 did say okay, which is good. So Jefferson, Um, he 0:15:10.800 --> 0:15:13.680 doesn't have any real pull at this point yet. It 0:15:14.000 --> 0:15:16.720 was not until he became president that actually really enact 0:15:16.800 --> 0:15:19.400 his plan, which was to get out of this whole mess. Yeah, 0:15:19.400 --> 0:15:23.320 and once he did, he basically said, you guys are toasted. Yeah. 0:15:23.400 --> 0:15:26.040 I mean, as soon as he was sworn into office, 0:15:26.200 --> 0:15:30.400 the Turkish ruler Pasha demanded an extra two hundred and 0:15:30.440 --> 0:15:34.240 fifty dollars from this new administration. They were like, well, 0:15:34.280 --> 0:15:36.680 you're the new guy. Well we just need a bonus 0:15:36.760 --> 0:15:39.920 payment because you're now in office, right, And I, Um, 0:15:40.000 --> 0:15:41.760 I looked this up. I was like, god, I thought 0:15:41.800 --> 0:15:44.360 that was so much money. Back then it was about 0:15:44.360 --> 0:15:47.360 three million dollars. It was less than three million, which 0:15:47.440 --> 0:15:50.080 is not that much. Yeah, and you never hear about this, 0:15:50.240 --> 0:15:53.120 Like I didn't learn this in high school. No, I know, 0:15:53.360 --> 0:15:57.280 you know, I remember getting out of high school and realizing, like, 0:15:57.600 --> 0:16:00.760 there's so much more to history. Yeah, I didn't realize 0:16:00.800 --> 0:16:02.920 what else Jefferson was doing in Paris. You know, he 0:16:03.040 --> 0:16:05.200 was doing a lot of crazy stuff. Yeah, and some 0:16:05.480 --> 0:16:08.720 not so crazy romantic things. But you didn't learn about 0:16:08.720 --> 0:16:12.360 that in high school either, about him. I bet I 0:16:12.400 --> 0:16:14.880 wonder if they teach that stuff now. I'd be curious 0:16:14.920 --> 0:16:17.240 to sit in on a high school history class. I 0:16:17.240 --> 0:16:21.400 imagine it's very much the same. Yeah, there's a certain uh, 0:16:21.520 --> 0:16:24.720 there's a certain school of thought that you're indoctrinated into, 0:16:24.760 --> 0:16:26.720 and there's stuff you need to know and things you 0:16:26.840 --> 0:16:29.280 shouldn't know, and you don't need to know about that. 0:16:30.120 --> 0:16:31.960 We don't need to talk about that kind of thing. 0:16:32.000 --> 0:16:34.280 And then college was where I first started getting my 0:16:34.280 --> 0:16:38.440 real education, had some really good history teachers. Yeah. Um, 0:16:38.480 --> 0:16:40.920 all right, So where are we? We are in office 0:16:41.080 --> 0:16:45.960 as Jefferson, Yes, and he already hates the Barbary States 0:16:46.000 --> 0:16:49.000 because he's been trying to get everybody to turn against 0:16:49.040 --> 0:16:51.880 him for fifteen years. He's finally got the power to 0:16:51.920 --> 0:16:55.000 do something about it. That's right. Uh, they had taken 0:16:55.040 --> 0:16:59.240 control of a couple of crew members captured American chips 0:16:59.640 --> 0:17:01.920 and they and you know what, we'll release these guys 0:17:02.000 --> 0:17:04.919 if you increase your tribute. And Jefferson said enough of 0:17:04.920 --> 0:17:08.439 this crap. We've got ships now, six of them. I 0:17:08.480 --> 0:17:12.080 think at first, Yeah, that's cute. You gotta start small, 0:17:12.800 --> 0:17:14.960 and we're coming over to pay you a little visit 0:17:15.000 --> 0:17:18.639 in our ships. And the First Barbary War from e 0:17:18.720 --> 0:17:22.119 ten o one to eighteen o five, Uh, it was, 0:17:22.280 --> 0:17:24.359 it was, but pretty happen in war. I mean it 0:17:24.440 --> 0:17:28.160 was mostly at sea and it lasted four years, right, yeah, 0:17:28.720 --> 0:17:32.320 But um, at one point they captured Uh well they 0:17:32.320 --> 0:17:36.040 captured because the US the USS Philadelphia I think, ran 0:17:36.080 --> 0:17:39.719 aground and got stuck. So this is one sixth of 0:17:39.800 --> 0:17:42.800 the entire US fleet at the time, I think, so, yeah, 0:17:43.200 --> 0:17:46.520 so I got stuck and like working order still, So 0:17:46.560 --> 0:17:49.439 they captured the ship, take control of the crew, and 0:17:49.520 --> 0:17:52.560 they used the ship as a gun battery against us 0:17:52.800 --> 0:17:55.560 because it's just parked right there, I guess cannons aimed 0:17:55.600 --> 0:17:57.800 out towards the sea. So they just used it that 0:17:57.840 --> 0:18:01.640 way for a while. And um, it was Stephen Decatur, 0:18:02.960 --> 0:18:06.959 Lieutenant Stephen Decatur of the Navy led some marines and 0:18:07.080 --> 0:18:10.439 recaptured the ship and burned it so they couldn't use it. 0:18:11.000 --> 0:18:14.679 And that guy is he's I think there are forty 0:18:14.720 --> 0:18:17.680 six communities in the United States named Decatur, including one 0:18:17.680 --> 0:18:20.600 where you live right here in Atlanta, and Jerry So 0:18:20.720 --> 0:18:23.520 named yeah, and Jerry So named for Stephen Decatur. And 0:18:23.600 --> 0:18:26.560 there's a pick there's a statue. Is that Decatur Jefferson? 0:18:26.680 --> 0:18:28.720 I think there's a Decatur statue right there at the 0:18:28.960 --> 0:18:32.040 is the one that we shot at though, Was that Jefferson? Oh? 0:18:32.160 --> 0:18:35.840 Was that Jefferson the guy writing? You know, man, I 0:18:35.880 --> 0:18:42.719 don't even know that's sad, like molested the statue. We 0:18:42.760 --> 0:18:45.720 don't even know what statue was, but I know there 0:18:45.760 --> 0:18:48.600 is a Decatur monument in the center of Decatur. Stephen Decator, 0:18:49.160 --> 0:18:51.199 he was, but yeah, this is where he really kind 0:18:51.240 --> 0:18:53.960 of proved his stripes as an admiral. And apparently he 0:18:54.520 --> 0:18:57.919 came very close to being killed. But one of his 0:18:58.000 --> 0:19:00.720 crew members when they were going to attack the Philadelphia, 0:19:01.280 --> 0:19:04.480 one of his crew members threw himself in between Decatur 0:19:04.680 --> 0:19:10.240 and a barbary I guess pirate, and um, he survived, 0:19:10.480 --> 0:19:13.359 but like he threw himself in in between the sword 0:19:13.440 --> 0:19:19.240 and Decatur and Decatur went on to um even greater stuff. Um. 0:19:19.280 --> 0:19:21.920 But yeah, so they destroy the Philadelphia. They get out 0:19:22.160 --> 0:19:24.960 very daring and you said marines were there, Yeah, I 0:19:24.960 --> 0:19:27.159 mean led by a naval officer, but it was definitely 0:19:27.400 --> 0:19:30.119 the Marines the dirty work. And that's why if you 0:19:30.160 --> 0:19:33.240 listen to the Marine Corps him in the first line, 0:19:33.280 --> 0:19:36.920 it's from the halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli. 0:19:37.400 --> 0:19:40.120 This is what they're talking about. Pretty cool. Um. So 0:19:40.560 --> 0:19:43.520 the First Barbary War last from eighteen o one to 0:19:43.640 --> 0:19:47.000 eighteen o five, it was mostly with Tripoli. They're the 0:19:47.040 --> 0:19:50.359 ones who were giving us the most trouble. Tunis and 0:19:50.520 --> 0:19:53.600 l Jeers Um basically said, you know what, We're just 0:19:53.600 --> 0:19:56.480 gonna stand over here for a little bit. We're fine. 0:19:57.359 --> 0:20:00.080 We all of our alliances with you were not to 0:20:00.119 --> 0:20:02.720 break up. We're pirates. We're all pirates, everybody, What did 0:20:02.760 --> 0:20:07.000 you expect? And then several years later, Thomas Jefferson retires 0:20:07.000 --> 0:20:10.600 the Monticello and James Monroe comes into the presidency and 0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:12.920 we have trouble again, but this time it's with Tunis 0:20:12.920 --> 0:20:16.040 and l Jeers and James Monroe takes a totally different 0:20:16.080 --> 0:20:19.040 tack than Thomas Jefferson. I think because we had a 0:20:19.119 --> 0:20:22.240 much bigger navy by then. For the Second Barbary War, 0:20:22.680 --> 0:20:24.680 was it just a little more aggressive we just went 0:20:24.720 --> 0:20:28.160 into the coast of Tunis and Algiers impounded their cities 0:20:28.200 --> 0:20:31.960 with our cannons and they said, okay, okay, sorry that. 0:20:32.800 --> 0:20:35.800 Right after that the US said no more, We're never 0:20:35.840 --> 0:20:38.720 paying you another dime. Yeah. And in the First War 0:20:38.880 --> 0:20:41.800 they you pointed out that they used the tactic used 0:20:41.800 --> 0:20:45.440 by the Green Berets, which was to find local insurgent 0:20:45.480 --> 0:20:48.640 groups to help them do the fighting. And I think 0:20:48.640 --> 0:20:52.280 in this case there were some Greeks and Arab and 0:20:52.280 --> 0:20:56.560 Berber mercenaries that we like enlisted to help fight against 0:20:56.640 --> 0:20:59.160 them on land, what little fighting it was on land, 0:20:59.600 --> 0:21:01.520 and it worked, and it was the first time a U. 0:21:01.600 --> 0:21:06.040 S Flag was ever raised on foreign soil, thankfully. Man. 0:21:06.960 --> 0:21:11.639 I am just overwhelmed with jingoism right now? Are you 0:21:11.640 --> 0:21:15.280 a jingoist? I for the moment, Eve, until we Keith 0:21:16.119 --> 0:21:20.680 growing around? Man, that guy, what happened to him? He's around? 0:21:20.720 --> 0:21:22.680 I'm sure, okay, I mean, I don't keep up, but 0:21:22.960 --> 0:21:25.840 nothing's happened to him as far as I know. He's 0:21:25.880 --> 0:21:30.000 still gingering it up. Uh So is that it? I've 0:21:30.000 --> 0:21:32.320 got nothing else, I've got something else. So we were 0:21:32.320 --> 0:21:35.879 talking about how you said Christians and Muslims alike, we're 0:21:36.320 --> 0:21:40.080 not shy about resorting to piracy, enslavement, all that stuff. 0:21:40.400 --> 0:21:44.040 And um, the Mediterranean had seen piracy for millennia, but 0:21:44.119 --> 0:21:46.600 it all really started in the Crusades, and that's when 0:21:46.640 --> 0:21:49.639 one side was just you know, capturing the other people. 0:21:50.480 --> 0:21:52.800 Never that at some point the Crusades. Yeah, I mean 0:21:53.359 --> 0:21:56.400 we could only have to be an overview obviously, because 0:21:56.440 --> 0:21:59.520 we could do like tin shows on the Crusades. Sure. Um, 0:21:59.560 --> 0:22:03.840 but through at this time there's this order called the Mathurians, 0:22:04.800 --> 0:22:08.160 and they are a French Catholic sect and their whole 0:22:08.480 --> 0:22:13.440 gig was raising money to use to ransom sailors who 0:22:13.440 --> 0:22:15.560 couldn't pay their own ransom to keep them from being 0:22:15.560 --> 0:22:19.600 sold into enslavement, which is a pretty noble pursuit. And 0:22:19.640 --> 0:22:21.960 these guys were like they were you know, they took 0:22:22.000 --> 0:22:24.879 vows of poverty, so they like weren't holding any of 0:22:24.880 --> 0:22:27.639 the money themselves. They were getting fatl this they really 0:22:27.720 --> 0:22:31.960 used it, and over three centuries, um, they ransom ninety 0:22:32.119 --> 0:22:36.560 thousand sailors that were captured. Yeah, and um, one of 0:22:36.600 --> 0:22:40.040 those guys turned out to be Miguel de Cervantes who 0:22:40.040 --> 0:22:43.480 wrote Don Quixote. Really he was captured in the Mediterranean, 0:22:43.520 --> 0:22:46.600 And I suppose wrote that after he was freed. I 0:22:46.680 --> 0:22:49.960 don't know, I would say so, well, that's just a guess. 0:22:50.000 --> 0:22:54.480 An that cool though. Thought about one more thing too, 0:22:54.600 --> 0:22:57.840 apparently the slaves. I mean, it was not great to 0:22:57.880 --> 0:23:00.760 be captured as a slave, but it wasn't like European 0:23:00.840 --> 0:23:05.560