WEBVTT - Hibernation: Not a Snooze 0:00:00.960 --> 0:00:11.000 Welcome to Stuff You Should Know Frondhouse stuff Works dot Com. Hey, 0:00:11.039 --> 0:00:14.000 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 0:00:14.160 --> 0:00:16.760 Chuck Bryant, and Jerry. So this is Stuff you Should 0:00:16.760 --> 0:00:21.280 Know the podcast. Can I start off with a request 0:00:21.400 --> 0:00:25.720 of advice? Agrest of advice some advice which is in 0:00:25.800 --> 0:00:29.400 the form of a request M This sounds a passive 0:00:29.400 --> 0:00:32.240 aggressive No it's not. It's to our listeners. We often 0:00:32.240 --> 0:00:37.080 get people that say, hey, um, I'm years behind. I'm 0:00:37.120 --> 0:00:40.279 writing you about the episode from two thousand eight, two 0:00:40.320 --> 0:00:43.000 thousand nine. Uh, And we love it when people go 0:00:43.040 --> 0:00:46.239 back and listen to all the podcasts in order, right, 0:00:46.520 --> 0:00:49.360 But what really helps us out is if you want 0:00:49.360 --> 0:00:53.000 to start at the beginning and also listen to the 0:00:53.000 --> 0:00:57.480 most recent episode. Does that work? Yeah? I call it sandwiching. 0:00:58.160 --> 0:01:01.480 Oh really, that's the term for yeah, you started. If 0:01:01.480 --> 0:01:03.000 you want to start at the beginning, that's great. But 0:01:03.080 --> 0:01:05.280 it also really helps us out if you listen to 0:01:05.319 --> 0:01:08.520 the most recent one. And um, so I just want 0:01:08.560 --> 0:01:09.880 to throw it out there. You know, we don't want 0:01:09.880 --> 0:01:11.720 to tell you how to listen. I see what you're doing. 0:01:11.800 --> 0:01:14.959 This is just a request or or you could just 0:01:15.040 --> 0:01:18.759 go buy yourself a two thousand and twelve camera. That's 0:01:18.840 --> 0:01:21.000 very true, right, but it does help us. And you know, 0:01:21.040 --> 0:01:22.800 if you really don't want to do that, of course, 0:01:22.840 --> 0:01:25.720 listen how you want. But um, it's good for us 0:01:25.760 --> 0:01:28.160 that the most recent episodes get listened to. And um, 0:01:29.800 --> 0:01:31.720 I think it's kind of cool then because you you 0:01:32.040 --> 0:01:36.040 can flash forward through time and see how bad we 0:01:36.040 --> 0:01:39.120 were then and how bad we are now and just 0:01:39.160 --> 0:01:42.679 compare off a little little different thing. Yeah yeah, alright, 0:01:42.720 --> 0:01:45.680 well put man, Yeah, just a p s A. Appreciate that. 0:01:45.680 --> 0:01:49.160 That's good. P s A. How's your Facebook page? Wait 0:01:49.200 --> 0:01:50.960 a minute, just occurred to me. Though people aren't listening 0:01:51.000 --> 0:01:52.920 to this recent one anyway, then they're not gonna not 0:01:53.000 --> 0:01:58.040 to do Maybe the people they live with, who sandwich, 0:01:59.080 --> 0:02:01.920 We'll tell them, Hey man, yeah, you should be doing 0:02:01.960 --> 0:02:04.080 in a different way. I didn't think that through. But 0:02:04.120 --> 0:02:05.840 what did you ask me? I asked how your Facebook 0:02:05.840 --> 0:02:09.359 pages going? Oh, Charles W Chuck Bryant, Yes, it's going 0:02:09.400 --> 0:02:11.640 well good. I'm on there a little bit and uh, 0:02:12.720 --> 0:02:18.080 putting an insider stuff like occasionally even say what we 0:02:18.120 --> 0:02:20.960 are recording that day, which is, oh yeah, we've usually 0:02:21.000 --> 0:02:23.959 not we guarded that with like Fort Knox, But occasionally 0:02:24.080 --> 0:02:26.080 I'll throw that out there. Yeah, that's good. And then 0:02:26.280 --> 0:02:30.160 other stuff, you know, insider heads up on performances and 0:02:30.160 --> 0:02:36.440 ticket sales, you know, dog and cat pictures. That's what 0:02:36.480 --> 0:02:39.600 I'm doing. I've got my own Twitter account to josh 0:02:39.680 --> 0:02:42.119 um Clark. Yeah, and where can they find you? On Facebook? 0:02:42.400 --> 0:02:44.920 Same same place. I don't even bother Okay, just go 0:02:44.960 --> 0:02:47.919 to Twitter, all right here the Facebook guy? Sure, what's yours? 0:02:48.000 --> 0:02:51.120 Charles W. Chuck Bryant. Yeah, it's like behind the scenes 0:02:51.480 --> 0:02:54.360 or just other stuff, you know, things that strike your fancy. Yeah, 0:02:54.360 --> 0:02:56.680 that's a lot of admin and stuff for us today. Yeah. 0:02:56.760 --> 0:02:58.639 Do you want to do administrative details right now while 0:02:58.680 --> 0:03:00.800 we're at it? Nope, you want to talk about hibernation. 0:03:01.720 --> 0:03:08.240 So Charles Chuck, if you will. Um, right now, you're 0:03:08.240 --> 0:03:11.840 sitting there, you're thinking, you're moving your papers around, looking 0:03:11.919 --> 0:03:16.320 up and down, breathing, hearts beating at uh. You're got 0:03:16.320 --> 0:03:21.520 an eye on Jerry Um eating her fritos, eating her Freedo's. 0:03:21.600 --> 0:03:23.600 Jerry is burning a lot of energy too, but she's 0:03:23.600 --> 0:03:29.120 also taking it in. And all of this energy expenditure 0:03:29.639 --> 0:03:33.440 requires a ton of energy input, and in fact, we 0:03:33.680 --> 0:03:38.119 humans in particular, are not really great at um at 0:03:38.600 --> 0:03:42.080 energy conversion. Right. We lose like six of the energy 0:03:42.520 --> 0:03:45.240 if we break down glucoast into c O two and 0:03:45.280 --> 0:03:47.480 I think a t P and a TPS like this 0:03:47.520 --> 0:03:50.720 really powerful molecule that powers ourselves. When we do that, 0:03:50.800 --> 0:03:53.840 we lose like six of that potential energy to heat 0:03:53.840 --> 0:03:57.840 a waste, you'd think so, but it turns out we 0:03:57.960 --> 0:04:01.880 have evolved the channel that waste into keeping our bodies warm, 0:04:01.920 --> 0:04:05.400 which makes us warm blooded. Right. The thing is is 0:04:05.520 --> 0:04:09.040 we have something really important and maybe one of the 0:04:09.040 --> 0:04:12.960 most overlooked important technologies humans ever came up with clothing, 0:04:13.440 --> 0:04:16.480 which allows us to live outside of our normal habitat, 0:04:16.600 --> 0:04:20.479 which is the tropics and subtropical areas. That's why we 0:04:20.680 --> 0:04:24.080 spread about the earth exactly thanks to clothing, in large 0:04:24.120 --> 0:04:26.640 part in shoes to a lesser But that's part of 0:04:26.680 --> 0:04:29.760 clothing any important extent. Sure, but it depends on who 0:04:29.839 --> 0:04:33.200 you asking. Isn't it accessory? But if we if we 0:04:33.200 --> 0:04:37.080 were warm blooded animals that didn't have clothing and had 0:04:37.200 --> 0:04:41.200 kind of spread out into colder climbs, one strategy that 0:04:41.279 --> 0:04:44.279 we might have when it got really cold and food 0:04:44.320 --> 0:04:48.200 became scarce therefore the energy input was a lot harder 0:04:48.200 --> 0:04:52.520 to come by. Might be hibernation, that's right, which is 0:04:52.600 --> 0:04:57.279 something some animals do. That's right. Uh, it's funny. I 0:04:57.279 --> 0:05:00.360 think a lot of people think of bears and mediately 0:05:00.760 --> 0:05:04.159 when they think of hibernation, um. But not only do 0:05:04.240 --> 0:05:08.360 a lot of animals hibernate um bears. If you want 0:05:08.400 --> 0:05:13.760 to get technical, let's get technical technical. Oh boy, that'll 0:05:13.800 --> 0:05:19.200 be in the brain forever now. Um. Technically, bears do 0:05:19.240 --> 0:05:22.799 not hibernate. Um. We are going to call it hibernation. 0:05:22.839 --> 0:05:25.599 And a lot of people do. Say. You know, any 0:05:25.640 --> 0:05:31.159 animal that undergoes a period sustained period of like a 0:05:31.200 --> 0:05:36.520 body temperature drop and metabolism change, um is high hibernation. 0:05:36.600 --> 0:05:41.120 And that's what I think. But technically the real um. 0:05:41.160 --> 0:05:44.520 You know, if you get a pedantic biologist up in 0:05:44.520 --> 0:05:48.800 your grill, they might um push the glasses back on 0:05:48.839 --> 0:05:52.159 their nose and say that it's when the temperature is 0:05:52.160 --> 0:05:57.400 significantly decreased long term state. This is a sixty biologist 0:05:57.440 --> 0:06:00.520 you're doing. Metabolism slows drastically, and the the will energy 0:06:00.600 --> 0:06:04.680 coma like condition that takes some time to recover from. Uh. 0:06:04.720 --> 0:06:07.839 And bears are a little different because they aren't really 0:06:07.880 --> 0:06:09.599 in that coma like state. You can wake them up 0:06:09.600 --> 0:06:13.279 pretty easily. You should not their temperature, y, Yeah, I 0:06:13.360 --> 0:06:19.720 think that's important to be right. Hey, you hybernating bear, um, 0:06:19.800 --> 0:06:23.800 and the body temperature of the bears don't drop very 0:06:23.880 --> 0:06:27.480 much compared to some other animals. But yeah, for our 0:06:27.720 --> 0:06:29.760 intents and purposes, as we're going to dig into the 0:06:29.800 --> 0:06:33.000 whole thing. When we say hibernation, we mean anytime an 0:06:33.040 --> 0:06:36.599 animal UM goes into this kind of state beyond sleep, 0:06:37.200 --> 0:06:42.760 with the goal of surviving a rough period of the year. Yeah, 0:06:42.800 --> 0:06:46.039 whether it's a shortage of food or whether um and 0:06:46.120 --> 0:06:49.479 it could be cold. Usually associate hibernation with you know, 0:06:49.560 --> 0:06:53.360 winter time, but actually, in the tropics there's something called estivation, 0:06:53.880 --> 0:06:57.919 which is hibernation during the hottest or driest times of 0:06:57.960 --> 0:07:00.640 the year. Pretty cool. Never knew that. Um. There are 0:07:00.640 --> 0:07:06.400 also reptiles who hibernate. It's called broomation and um. There's 0:07:06.440 --> 0:07:09.680 also torpor, which is a great word this is that's 0:07:09.720 --> 0:07:14.720 another confusing term though. Torpor can mean um. It can 0:07:14.760 --> 0:07:19.760 be an umbrella term for any hibernation strategy, right, or 0:07:19.880 --> 0:07:25.239 it can refer to a specific type of hibernation that's usually, Um, 0:07:25.280 --> 0:07:28.600 it happens on a daily basis, like a few hours maybe, 0:07:29.120 --> 0:07:31.600 And so like you're hearing all this, chuck, I can. 0:07:31.680 --> 0:07:34.640 I can put myself in the mind of people listening. 0:07:34.640 --> 0:07:37.360 They're like, you guys are talking about sleep, your dummies, 0:07:38.400 --> 0:07:42.400 it's called sleep. This is not sleep actually no, uh. 0:07:42.440 --> 0:07:44.440 And that's very important to point out because I think 0:07:45.680 --> 0:07:48.960 if you don't know about hibernation, like I probably used 0:07:48.960 --> 0:07:51.640 to think, yeah, bears go sleepy time for half the year, 0:07:52.160 --> 0:07:56.640 It's like none of that is correct at all. So um, 0:07:56.640 --> 0:08:00.160 it's it's very different from sleep. Sleep is uh. When 0:08:00.200 --> 0:08:03.160 you hibernate, you're really going on undergoing some pretty drastic 0:08:03.160 --> 0:08:07.960 physiological physiological changes. When you sleep, you undergo a little 0:08:08.000 --> 0:08:10.760 bit of a change, Like even when we sleep, our 0:08:10.800 --> 0:08:14.160 heart rate slows a bit, body temperature drops a little bit. Yeah, 0:08:14.280 --> 0:08:16.920 breathing slows a little bit, but nothing, it's not anything 0:08:17.000 --> 0:08:20.080 drastic at all. It's more of a mental change, right. Yeah, 0:08:20.200 --> 0:08:23.480 that's the big difference between sleep and hibernation. With sleep, 0:08:23.800 --> 0:08:26.480 your brain is taking time to rest. Even though there 0:08:26.480 --> 0:08:29.240 are plenty of phases of sleep where your brain is active, 0:08:29.840 --> 0:08:34.920 it's also very inactive for large parts of it with hibernation. Apparently, 0:08:34.960 --> 0:08:38.400 when an animal is in even deep hibernation, its brain 0:08:38.720 --> 0:08:42.000 is still um reflecting the same type of waves I 0:08:42.040 --> 0:08:46.000 believe alpha waves that has when it's wakeful, that they're 0:08:46.000 --> 0:08:49.559 just somewhat suppressed. And actually when when animals come out 0:08:49.600 --> 0:08:53.120 of hibernation, they apparently have sleep deprivation and have to 0:08:53.160 --> 0:08:55.760 sleep for several days afterwards. Yeah, that's the fact of 0:08:55.800 --> 0:08:58.160 the show for me. Oh yeah, yeah, like sorry for 0:08:58.240 --> 0:08:59.880 taking out no, no no, no, You'll wake up from a 0:09:00.040 --> 0:09:04.480 six month hibernation like I'm sleepy. Yeah, I gotta get 0:09:04.480 --> 0:09:07.679 some reths from laying around like this for six months. 0:09:07.720 --> 0:09:10.360 But it's all because of those brain waves. I think 0:09:10.360 --> 0:09:15.040 it's pretty interesting. Um, if you're in a zoo, you 0:09:15.679 --> 0:09:19.960 probably don't hibernate. I'm not talking about a guest and 0:09:20.120 --> 0:09:22.880 visitor at a zoo. If you're an animal living in 0:09:22.920 --> 0:09:26.559 a zoo, you probably don't hibernate because you're they're regulating 0:09:26.559 --> 0:09:30.280 your environment. Your food is not going to be scarce. 0:09:30.760 --> 0:09:34.360 But in order sometimes to give these animals a more 0:09:34.440 --> 0:09:38.000 natural life cycle, they will trigger hibernational purpose. Yeah, they're 0:09:38.040 --> 0:09:40.480 just like blast them with an ice ray or something. 0:09:41.840 --> 0:09:44.680 An ice ray yeah. Uh, and as far as when 0:09:44.760 --> 0:09:47.800 to hibernate, like when it all depends on the animal, 0:09:48.160 --> 0:09:50.760 on when they do it, and it depends on the 0:09:50.800 --> 0:09:53.640 animal and how it's triggered, like when they know to 0:09:53.720 --> 0:09:56.640 do it. Yeah. Yeah, So there's actually there's a biologist 0:09:56.679 --> 0:10:02.040 whose name was Jurgen ash Off and uh dr ash 0:10:02.080 --> 0:10:06.559 Off assuming doctor sounds like a bad Bond villain, almost 0:10:07.679 --> 0:10:12.880 um or an actor playing a Bond villain. Um dr 0:10:12.960 --> 0:10:15.840 ash Off came up with a term for all the 0:10:15.880 --> 0:10:20.040 different kinds of triggers that can trigger hibernation and sleepy 0:10:20.040 --> 0:10:25.320 triggs zeit geiber. Does that make sense to you because 0:10:25.320 --> 0:10:33.360 you're in a German so zeit means um uh. Right, 0:10:33.559 --> 0:10:38.880 So this, this wonderful term um is probably does mean 0:10:38.880 --> 0:10:42.080 in German sleepy time triggers. It's a good German band 0:10:42.160 --> 0:10:45.240 name too, yeah, but the yeah because there's not a 0:10:45.280 --> 0:10:48.559 third word. The third word. The three word band names 0:10:48.800 --> 0:10:52.079 bothered me. They're really tough to pull off, and when 0:10:52.120 --> 0:10:55.640 they are pulled off, well great, they're usually done very well. 0:10:55.679 --> 0:10:58.760 But it's also really easy to fumble a three word 0:10:58.880 --> 0:11:01.440 band name. I'm trying to of three word band names now, 0:11:02.320 --> 0:11:06.840 like Bachman Turner, Overdrive. Yeah, great one. Brian Jonestown Massacre, 0:11:07.000 --> 0:11:10.960 great one. Fleetwood Big Mac. I'll bet there's a cover 0:11:11.040 --> 0:11:13.720 band out there named that. Actually just saw a Fleetwood 0:11:13.720 --> 0:11:16.000 Mac cover band. Where were they called? I don't go 0:11:16.080 --> 0:11:19.920 to those tribute cover bands ever, but um, he just 0:11:19.960 --> 0:11:22.120 came to in the middle of one. No. I noticed 0:11:22.160 --> 0:11:24.559 there was a Smith's cover band playing and they were 0:11:24.559 --> 0:11:28.760 opening up for rumors. They're from Atlanta. Actually, the Fleetwood 0:11:28.760 --> 0:11:32.360 Mac one and uh, the Smiths one was tough. I 0:11:32.400 --> 0:11:34.839 had a hard time watching the guy. I mean, the 0:11:34.880 --> 0:11:36.959 band was great and he sounded good, but what was 0:11:37.000 --> 0:11:39.800 the problem. He was morrisying around the stage and you 0:11:39.840 --> 0:11:42.360 can't morris see around the stage unless you're Morrissey. So 0:11:42.400 --> 0:11:44.520 I just had to kind of look at the guitar 0:11:44.559 --> 0:11:48.640 player and Johnny Marring on the stage. Now, he was fine. 0:11:49.360 --> 0:11:54.160 But Fleetwood Mac rumors they are great, dude, I mean 0:11:55.640 --> 0:11:59.199 unbelievably great, really, And if you like Fleetwood Mac and 0:11:59.240 --> 0:12:00.800 you don't want to pay two hundred dollars to go 0:12:00.840 --> 0:12:04.760 see them, they go see rumors that huh. I mean 0:12:04.760 --> 0:12:07.960 he sounded just like them anyway, shout out to rumors. 0:12:08.400 --> 0:12:11.240 I guess so I might be on a new cover 0:12:11.360 --> 0:12:14.320 band kick though, So I found myself kind of perusing 0:12:14.960 --> 0:12:18.599 like what's coming in Atlanta, thinking like, yeah, that was 0:12:18.679 --> 0:12:22.040 kind of fun, right, who's coming? Soo? So are they coming? No? 0:12:22.320 --> 0:12:25.640 But there's uh a night of that of it with 0:12:25.720 --> 0:12:28.920 a C. D. C. Van Halen and one other like 0:12:29.000 --> 0:12:32.120 classic rock band is going to be all playing together, 0:12:32.360 --> 0:12:37.120 I think featuring the real Sammy Hagar. Maybe you never 0:12:37.160 --> 0:12:40.599 know in Michael Anthony too, although my hat's off to 0:12:40.640 --> 0:12:44.280 Sammy Hagar for stepping up to defend Michael Anthony like 0:12:44.320 --> 0:12:46.160 a year or so ago. Oh I thought you're gonna 0:12:46.160 --> 0:12:50.480 say hats off to him for not driving well too, Yeah, 0:12:50.520 --> 0:12:54.080 he did take up for Michael Anthony. All right, So 0:12:54.520 --> 0:12:57.679 we're talking about Zeke geiber and again this is all 0:12:57.720 --> 0:12:59.920 the ways that like hibernation could be triggered. And I 0:13:00.040 --> 0:13:01.959 think you said temperature is like the big one, right, 0:13:02.160 --> 0:13:05.000 that's the main, most common one. We talked a little 0:13:05.040 --> 0:13:09.160 bit about food supplies there. I mean there are many 0:13:09.200 --> 0:13:13.160 animals who are triggered by food supplies, birds most notably um, 0:13:13.240 --> 0:13:15.800 although there's only one bird that goes into true hibernation. 0:13:16.679 --> 0:13:22.760 Oh yeah, yeah, chicken. Now the common poor will actually 0:13:22.800 --> 0:13:26.200 goes into like real hibernation from like five months, and 0:13:26.240 --> 0:13:28.520 other birds just have a torqu port like you were saying, 0:13:28.800 --> 0:13:30.720 a few hours a day. It's all they need to 0:13:30.720 --> 0:13:32.959 conserve a little bit energy. Yeah, and I mean again, 0:13:33.040 --> 0:13:37.560 that's the point, like you're trying to save calories, right, Yeah, 0:13:38.440 --> 0:13:43.120 it's that's the whole point exactly. Um. So there's also 0:13:43.200 --> 0:13:47.200 something called photo period where the days start getting shorter 0:13:47.760 --> 0:13:53.640 and it triggers um a hibernation response in animals too. Yeah. 0:13:53.679 --> 0:13:56.080 And a really cool thing that this article pointed out 0:13:56.120 --> 0:14:00.480 was that they've done experiments where they've had animals in 0:14:00.960 --> 0:14:04.760 uh I was about to say, and capture locked away 0:14:05.320 --> 0:14:10.079 room studying animals that have no triggers like this going on, 0:14:10.200 --> 0:14:13.840 and they have this weird ability they don't understand, triggered 0:14:13.880 --> 0:14:17.160 by their circannual rhythm where they just know this like 0:14:17.240 --> 0:14:21.600 internal biological clock where they just know it's time. Pretty amazing, 0:14:21.680 --> 0:14:24.160 It is amazing. And that's in contrast of the circadian 0:14:24.200 --> 0:14:26.680 rhythm which we all know and love that makes us 0:14:26.880 --> 0:14:31.600 sleepy when the day ends. That's right, Um, let's let's 0:14:31.640 --> 0:14:34.200 take a break man, all right, are you ready? Yeah, 0:14:34.240 --> 0:14:50.400 I'm gonna go listen to some Fleetwood Big Mac. You know, Josh, 0:14:50.400 --> 0:14:52.840 Starting your own business can be quite a chore, my friend, 0:14:53.360 --> 0:14:55.760 and developing your online presence doesn't have to be the 0:14:55.800 --> 0:14:58.840 hard part. That's because our friends at Google and Squarespace 0:14:58.840 --> 0:15:01.240 have teamed up and they're gonna give small business owners 0:15:01.280 --> 0:15:04.240 what they need to succeed online, which is a custom domain, 0:15:04.560 --> 0:15:08.800 a business email, and a beautiful website all in one place. Yep. 0:15:09.000 --> 0:15:12.120 With Google and Squarespace, you can stand out, look professional, 0:15:12.320 --> 0:15:15.720 and increase your team's productivity. When you create your Squarespace 0:15:15.760 --> 0:15:19.440 business website or online store, you'll receive a free year 0:15:19.560 --> 0:15:22.880 of business email and professional tools from Google. It's that simple, 0:15:23.040 --> 0:15:24.920 that's right. All you have to do is visit square 0:15:24.960 --> 0:15:28.800 space dot com, slash Google and start your free trial today. 0:15:29.160 --> 0:15:31.880 Just make sure you use the offer code work w 0:15:32.160 --> 0:15:34.880 O r K. You're gonna get ten percent off your 0:15:34.880 --> 0:15:38.360 first purchase. Google and square Space. Make it professional, make 0:15:38.400 --> 0:15:53.320 it beautiful, all right, Tucka. We were talking about um 0:15:54.000 --> 0:15:56.560 ways that animals know, and like you said, they just 0:15:56.560 --> 0:16:02.480 seemed to know naturally when the go hibernate um and 0:16:02.520 --> 0:16:06.880 when they start getting these these triggers, they're like, oh, 0:16:06.880 --> 0:16:10.200 it's starting to be time. Um. One of the first 0:16:10.200 --> 0:16:13.880 things they do is prepare a place to stay. They 0:16:14.000 --> 0:16:19.360 fluff the pillow, check out the sleeping bag. What else. 0:16:19.520 --> 0:16:23.760 If they're the hair Bear Bunch, they just basically settle 0:16:23.840 --> 0:16:26.600 into their awesome den. Do you remember them, the hair 0:16:26.640 --> 0:16:31.480 bear the Hairbear Bunch early seventies. They lived in a zoo, 0:16:31.920 --> 0:16:33.880 but they had like the coolest They had, like a 0:16:33.920 --> 0:16:38.880 TV and like a like great recliners and a barbridgerator. Sure, yeah, 0:16:38.920 --> 0:16:43.560 the hair Bear Bunch. You remember the um the bear 0:16:43.640 --> 0:16:46.920 with like the cravat and like the big afro. One 0:16:46.960 --> 0:16:49.480 of them had like a camouflage hat that covered his eyes, 0:16:49.520 --> 0:16:51.880 like the guy from Cypress Hill. No, I don't remember 0:16:51.880 --> 0:16:54.520 that at all, Chuck, you gotta check out the hair 0:16:54.560 --> 0:16:56.320 Bear Bunch. I think you might like them. That was 0:16:56.360 --> 0:17:00.000 my generation too. Yeah, that was right there. Interesting maybe, 0:17:00.080 --> 0:17:02.400 and my parents didn't let me watch it. They're like 0:17:02.440 --> 0:17:07.520 that that bears obviously on the dope who knows, uh, 0:17:07.560 --> 0:17:10.439 But you are correct. They prepare their little area depends 0:17:10.480 --> 0:17:13.440 on the animal on what they do. Might be a cave, 0:17:13.680 --> 0:17:17.960 a little ground squirrel or a lemur might um dig 0:17:17.960 --> 0:17:20.679 out their den and put some insulating material around it. 0:17:20.800 --> 0:17:24.760 We talked about polar bears. Yeah, the polar bear. Mom's 0:17:25.400 --> 0:17:30.760 kind of combine hibernation and um birth right. They dig 0:17:30.800 --> 0:17:36.080 out like a snowden, which again great movie. Uh. Sometimes 0:17:36.240 --> 0:17:38.720 they don't dig out a big area. Sometimes they'll just 0:17:38.760 --> 0:17:42.439 find a little tree hollow, a little shallow cave, and 0:17:42.440 --> 0:17:45.680 they're kind of partially exposed to the weather. Yeah, because 0:17:45.680 --> 0:17:47.719 I was thinking about that. When you think of bears hybriding, 0:17:47.760 --> 0:17:49.800 and you think of a bear hybriding in a cave, 0:17:50.280 --> 0:17:53.040 they couldn't be too far into the cave because the 0:17:53.119 --> 0:17:56.960 same triggers that that put them to sleep and and 0:17:56.960 --> 0:18:01.399 trigger hybernation, um, also bring them out of it. Sure, 0:18:01.480 --> 0:18:03.320 so they would make sense that they would need to 0:18:03.320 --> 0:18:05.679 be like partially exposed to the weather. Yeah. You know, 0:18:05.800 --> 0:18:07.600 so as the days started to get longer they would 0:18:07.600 --> 0:18:10.200 wake up, or as the temperature got warmer, they would 0:18:10.440 --> 0:18:12.120 they would kind of come out of it. And think 0:18:12.119 --> 0:18:16.040 about that. Um. Food storage is a big deal. Um. 0:18:16.080 --> 0:18:19.479 Sometimes if it's non perishable foods, you can actually keep 0:18:19.520 --> 0:18:22.520 it in there with you. Uh. And we bring this 0:18:22.640 --> 0:18:26.359 up because, UM, it's a bit of a misconception that 0:18:26.400 --> 0:18:28.800 the animals, some animals do knock out for months and 0:18:28.840 --> 0:18:31.800 months at a time, but some will wake up occasionally 0:18:31.840 --> 0:18:34.439 just to shove some food in their mouth and then 0:18:34.480 --> 0:18:36.479 go back to sleep, well, not sleep, go back into 0:18:36.560 --> 0:18:40.120 hibernation mode. So they should have some food in there. 0:18:41.160 --> 0:18:44.920 Or maybe they've just eaten so much prepared fattened up 0:18:45.440 --> 0:18:47.960 for the winter months that they don't need to eat 0:18:48.000 --> 0:18:52.080 at all. I saw somewhere that some bears um go 0:18:52.240 --> 0:18:54.800 for meeting in an average of eight thousand calories a 0:18:54.880 --> 0:18:59.119 day to twenty calories a day to fatten up in 0:18:59.119 --> 0:19:01.760 like the weeks leading up to to hibernation. So we 0:19:01.760 --> 0:19:05.159 talk about brown fat now, I guess, yeah, it sounds gross. 0:19:05.920 --> 0:19:10.000 It's delicious, though. Brown fat is different than white fat 0:19:11.240 --> 0:19:15.879 when we typically process fat um for for energy and 0:19:15.920 --> 0:19:19.840 heat it. Uh, there's there's something called shivering that it 0:19:19.880 --> 0:19:24.440 facilitates that helps us well, yeah, shivering shivering right, yeah, yeah, 0:19:24.640 --> 0:19:29.000 just muscle contraction burns energy and releases heat. Yeah, but 0:19:29.080 --> 0:19:32.080 brown fat is great because we don't need to shiver it. Actually, 0:19:33.280 --> 0:19:37.640 the brown fat is oxidized directly and it instantly produces 0:19:37.680 --> 0:19:40.520 the heat. It's gives the whole middle part, so you 0:19:40.560 --> 0:19:44.240 don't need to shiver. It doesn't waste energy on muscle contraction, 0:19:44.359 --> 0:19:49.520 not at all. That's it's called non shivering thermogenesis. Nice. 0:19:49.600 --> 0:19:52.119 So that's why you want the brown fat. Yeah, and 0:19:52.160 --> 0:19:55.240 that's what the bears bulk up with. I guess, I 0:19:55.280 --> 0:19:58.960 guess all animals do, or maybe not all animals, but 0:19:59.800 --> 0:20:03.399 an it's handy. Well, when you do have to burn 0:20:03.920 --> 0:20:09.200 that fat, whether it's brown fat or otherwise, um, you 0:20:09.200 --> 0:20:12.240 you use up a lot of that stored energy because 0:20:12.280 --> 0:20:17.280 fat is a great energy store, right. Um. And if 0:20:17.320 --> 0:20:22.000 you're a pretty large animal, you if you let your 0:20:22.000 --> 0:20:25.199 body temperature get too low, because again most of the 0:20:25.200 --> 0:20:27.680 time this is in very very cold climates in the winter, 0:20:27.840 --> 0:20:30.639 right if you, if we if you let your body 0:20:30.680 --> 0:20:32.639 temperature to get too low, it's gonna take a lot 0:20:32.840 --> 0:20:36.040 of energy to get it back to its normal warm 0:20:36.080 --> 0:20:41.160 blooded state, even even it's normal hibernating temperature. So animals 0:20:41.200 --> 0:20:45.520 have astoundingly something called a set point, and it's like 0:20:45.560 --> 0:20:50.320 an internal thermostat setting that says, when my body temperature 0:20:50.400 --> 0:20:54.080 gets to this this temperature, burn some fat and warm 0:20:54.160 --> 0:20:58.080 me back up. And uh, I guess all warm blooded 0:20:58.119 --> 0:21:02.800 animals have this set point, right, Yeah, but for the 0:21:02.920 --> 0:21:06.000 larger animals it's higher because again it requires so much 0:21:06.080 --> 0:21:09.880 energy to to to restore it that their body temperature 0:21:09.880 --> 0:21:12.240 never gets too low and their set point is being 0:21:12.280 --> 0:21:16.000 activated pretty frequently during hibernation. But if you're a much 0:21:16.040 --> 0:21:19.119 smaller animal, I think the Arctic ground squirrel is like 0:21:19.160 --> 0:21:23.720 the best example of of hibernation, especially in this respect. 0:21:24.119 --> 0:21:27.359 The Arctic ground squirrel a warm blooded animal. Their body 0:21:27.400 --> 0:21:33.000 temperature will get below freezing during hibernation and you would think, well, 0:21:33.080 --> 0:21:35.480 you know, that's got to be pretty terrible for him. Yes, 0:21:35.520 --> 0:21:39.399 it is. They lose bone density, they lose their teeth, 0:21:39.840 --> 0:21:44.120 their brain actually they lose like parts of it, and um, 0:21:44.160 --> 0:21:49.879 they come very close to dying or being dead. And 0:21:49.920 --> 0:21:54.080 then the thaw comes and they are they're they're aroused 0:21:54.119 --> 0:21:56.200 from their hibernation and all of a sudden they start 0:21:56.240 --> 0:22:00.560 growing all that stuff back. Yeah, it's pretty remarkable. Yeah, Like, oh, 0:22:00.720 --> 0:22:04.199 I just want to say, move right. Well, I go 0:22:04.320 --> 0:22:08.320 through that every year. All this is controlled mostly by 0:22:08.359 --> 0:22:11.280 the endocrine system. Uh, and we have these glands in 0:22:11.320 --> 0:22:14.720 our body that alter all these hormones and it can 0:22:14.760 --> 0:22:19.520 really control with great precision all these physiological changes that 0:22:19.560 --> 0:22:22.480 they need to go through. Yeah, I say, we but yeah, 0:22:22.640 --> 0:22:27.119 I'm an animal too, I guess yeah, party animal. Uh 0:22:27.400 --> 0:22:31.280 should we talk about some of the uh specifics of that? Right? 0:22:31.320 --> 0:22:34.600 So um and again like this is the reason why 0:22:34.640 --> 0:22:37.919 things like temperature changes and um, the changes in the 0:22:37.960 --> 0:22:41.080 amount of sunlight during any given day can trigger hibernation 0:22:41.359 --> 0:22:44.959 because those are capable of affecting hormones. Right. That's right. 0:22:45.280 --> 0:22:49.440 So you're picking up things like um, like when to 0:22:49.560 --> 0:22:54.159 grow your coat, it triggers melatonin production, which triggers a 0:22:54.240 --> 0:22:58.480 thick coat like coat thickening. Yeah. Right, your pituitary gland 0:22:58.560 --> 0:23:01.280 is gonna control that fat old up the heart rate 0:23:01.359 --> 0:23:04.400 and the breathing rate and metabolic functions. That's a big one. 0:23:04.840 --> 0:23:07.320 Intuitary gland takes care of a lot. Oh yeah, you 0:23:07.440 --> 0:23:11.840 lose that, you probably can't hibernate. Uh. Thyroid m that's 0:23:11.840 --> 0:23:16.320 gonna control your metabolism somewhat and your levels of activity. Right. 0:23:16.720 --> 0:23:18.720 And then finally, insulin, as we all know, is gonna 0:23:19.320 --> 0:23:23.640 regulate your glucose. Right. There's also something that was isolated. 0:23:23.800 --> 0:23:26.840 It's an opioid called datal d a d l e 0:23:27.560 --> 0:23:30.399 UM and they found that it lowers heart rate and 0:23:30.840 --> 0:23:34.920 um respiration in animals and that if you give any 0:23:34.960 --> 0:23:37.840 animal this, they kind of start to get into hibernation mode. 0:23:38.800 --> 0:23:41.240 So it's not like I don't think it's a hormone, 0:23:41.280 --> 0:23:44.640 it's a chemical, but it has like a hibernating effect 0:23:44.640 --> 0:23:47.520 on animals. Yeah, it's pretty cool. So some of these 0:23:47.560 --> 0:23:50.320 changes can be pretty drastic. The heart rate can drop 0:23:50.320 --> 0:23:53.880 to as little as two and a half percent um 0:23:53.920 --> 0:23:57.159 a chipmunk, for example, five beats per minute as opposed 0:23:57.200 --> 0:24:00.560 to two d that's pretty significant. Let's to the bat. 0:24:00.880 --> 0:24:04.200 Some some species of bat go from a thousand beats 0:24:04.240 --> 0:24:09.800 per minutes and they only breathe once every two hours, amazing. 0:24:10.320 --> 0:24:12.520 And the box turtle doesn't breathe at all. It completely 0:24:12.560 --> 0:24:14.959 shuts down breathing. But I mean that makes sense. Like 0:24:15.040 --> 0:24:20.600 when you are when you're running off of stored fat, right, Yeah, 0:24:21.040 --> 0:24:25.800 you you don't have the need to power cells like normal. 0:24:25.920 --> 0:24:29.119 Your hybrid and your metabolism is slowed because your cells 0:24:29.119 --> 0:24:32.280 aren't requiring the same energy that they have before, which 0:24:32.320 --> 0:24:36.919 means that you don't need oxygen or nearly as much oxygen, 0:24:37.040 --> 0:24:38.840 so you don't have to breathe as much. And since 0:24:38.840 --> 0:24:41.639