1 00:00:00,960 --> 00:00:11,000 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Should Know Frondhouse stuff Works dot Com. Hey, 2 00:00:11,039 --> 00:00:14,000 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 3 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:16,760 Speaker 1: Chuck Bryant, and Jerry. So this is Stuff you Should 4 00:00:16,760 --> 00:00:21,280 Speaker 1: Know the podcast. Can I start off with a request 5 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:25,720 Speaker 1: of advice? Agrest of advice some advice which is in 6 00:00:25,800 --> 00:00:29,400 Speaker 1: the form of a request M This sounds a passive 7 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:32,240 Speaker 1: aggressive No it's not. It's to our listeners. We often 8 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:37,080 Speaker 1: get people that say, hey, um, I'm years behind. I'm 9 00:00:37,120 --> 00:00:40,279 Speaker 1: writing you about the episode from two thousand eight, two 10 00:00:40,320 --> 00:00:43,000 Speaker 1: thousand nine. Uh, And we love it when people go 11 00:00:43,040 --> 00:00:46,239 Speaker 1: back and listen to all the podcasts in order, right, 12 00:00:46,520 --> 00:00:49,360 Speaker 1: But what really helps us out is if you want 13 00:00:49,360 --> 00:00:53,000 Speaker 1: to start at the beginning and also listen to the 14 00:00:53,000 --> 00:00:57,480 Speaker 1: most recent episode. Does that work? Yeah? I call it sandwiching. 15 00:00:58,160 --> 00:01:01,480 Speaker 1: Oh really, that's the term for yeah, you started. If 16 00:01:01,480 --> 00:01:03,000 Speaker 1: you want to start at the beginning, that's great. But 17 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:05,280 Speaker 1: it also really helps us out if you listen to 18 00:01:05,319 --> 00:01:08,520 Speaker 1: the most recent one. And um, so I just want 19 00:01:08,560 --> 00:01:09,880 Speaker 1: to throw it out there. You know, we don't want 20 00:01:09,880 --> 00:01:11,720 Speaker 1: to tell you how to listen. I see what you're doing. 21 00:01:11,800 --> 00:01:14,959 Speaker 1: This is just a request or or you could just 22 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:18,759 Speaker 1: go buy yourself a two thousand and twelve camera. That's 23 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:21,000 Speaker 1: very true, right, but it does help us. And you know, 24 00:01:21,040 --> 00:01:22,800 Speaker 1: if you really don't want to do that, of course, 25 00:01:22,840 --> 00:01:25,720 Speaker 1: listen how you want. But um, it's good for us 26 00:01:25,760 --> 00:01:28,160 Speaker 1: that the most recent episodes get listened to. And um, 27 00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:31,720 Speaker 1: I think it's kind of cool then because you you 28 00:01:32,040 --> 00:01:36,040 Speaker 1: can flash forward through time and see how bad we 29 00:01:36,040 --> 00:01:39,120 Speaker 1: were then and how bad we are now and just 30 00:01:39,160 --> 00:01:42,679 Speaker 1: compare off a little little different thing. Yeah yeah, alright, 31 00:01:42,720 --> 00:01:45,680 Speaker 1: well put man, Yeah, just a p s A. Appreciate that. 32 00:01:45,680 --> 00:01:49,160 Speaker 1: That's good. P s A. How's your Facebook page? Wait 33 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:50,960 Speaker 1: a minute, just occurred to me. Though people aren't listening 34 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:52,920 Speaker 1: to this recent one anyway, then they're not gonna not 35 00:01:53,000 --> 00:01:58,040 Speaker 1: to do Maybe the people they live with, who sandwich, 36 00:01:59,080 --> 00:02:01,920 Speaker 1: We'll tell them, Hey man, yeah, you should be doing 37 00:02:01,960 --> 00:02:04,080 Speaker 1: in a different way. I didn't think that through. But 38 00:02:04,120 --> 00:02:05,840 Speaker 1: what did you ask me? I asked how your Facebook 39 00:02:05,840 --> 00:02:09,359 Speaker 1: pages going? Oh, Charles W Chuck Bryant, Yes, it's going 40 00:02:09,400 --> 00:02:11,640 Speaker 1: well good. I'm on there a little bit and uh, 41 00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:18,080 Speaker 1: putting an insider stuff like occasionally even say what we 42 00:02:18,120 --> 00:02:20,960 Speaker 1: are recording that day, which is, oh yeah, we've usually 43 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:23,959 Speaker 1: not we guarded that with like Fort Knox, But occasionally 44 00:02:24,080 --> 00:02:26,080 Speaker 1: I'll throw that out there. Yeah, that's good. And then 45 00:02:26,280 --> 00:02:30,160 Speaker 1: other stuff, you know, insider heads up on performances and 46 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:36,440 Speaker 1: ticket sales, you know, dog and cat pictures. That's what 47 00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:39,600 Speaker 1: I'm doing. I've got my own Twitter account to josh 48 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:42,119 Speaker 1: um Clark. Yeah, and where can they find you? On Facebook? 49 00:02:42,400 --> 00:02:44,920 Speaker 1: Same same place. I don't even bother Okay, just go 50 00:02:44,960 --> 00:02:47,919 Speaker 1: to Twitter, all right here the Facebook guy? Sure, what's yours? 51 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:51,120 Speaker 1: Charles W. Chuck Bryant. Yeah, it's like behind the scenes 52 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:54,360 Speaker 1: or just other stuff, you know, things that strike your fancy. Yeah, 53 00:02:54,360 --> 00:02:56,680 Speaker 1: that's a lot of admin and stuff for us today. Yeah. 54 00:02:56,760 --> 00:02:58,639 Speaker 1: Do you want to do administrative details right now while 55 00:02:58,680 --> 00:03:00,800 Speaker 1: we're at it? Nope, you want to talk about hibernation. 56 00:03:01,720 --> 00:03:08,240 Speaker 1: So Charles Chuck, if you will. Um, right now, you're 57 00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:11,840 Speaker 1: sitting there, you're thinking, you're moving your papers around, looking 58 00:03:11,919 --> 00:03:16,320 Speaker 1: up and down, breathing, hearts beating at uh. You're got 59 00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:21,520 Speaker 1: an eye on Jerry Um eating her fritos, eating her Freedo's. 60 00:03:21,600 --> 00:03:23,600 Speaker 1: Jerry is burning a lot of energy too, but she's 61 00:03:23,600 --> 00:03:29,120 Speaker 1: also taking it in. And all of this energy expenditure 62 00:03:29,639 --> 00:03:33,440 Speaker 1: requires a ton of energy input, and in fact, we 63 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:38,119 Speaker 1: humans in particular, are not really great at um at 64 00:03:38,600 --> 00:03:42,080 Speaker 1: energy conversion. Right. We lose like six of the energy 65 00:03:42,520 --> 00:03:45,240 Speaker 1: if we break down glucoast into c O two and 66 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:47,480 Speaker 1: I think a t P and a TPS like this 67 00:03:47,520 --> 00:03:50,720 Speaker 1: really powerful molecule that powers ourselves. When we do that, 68 00:03:50,800 --> 00:03:53,840 Speaker 1: we lose like six of that potential energy to heat 69 00:03:53,840 --> 00:03:57,840 Speaker 1: a waste, you'd think so, but it turns out we 70 00:03:57,960 --> 00:04:01,880 Speaker 1: have evolved the channel that waste into keeping our bodies warm, 71 00:04:01,920 --> 00:04:05,400 Speaker 1: which makes us warm blooded. Right. The thing is is 72 00:04:05,520 --> 00:04:09,040 Speaker 1: we have something really important and maybe one of the 73 00:04:09,040 --> 00:04:12,960 Speaker 1: most overlooked important technologies humans ever came up with clothing, 74 00:04:13,440 --> 00:04:16,480 Speaker 1: which allows us to live outside of our normal habitat, 75 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:20,479 Speaker 1: which is the tropics and subtropical areas. That's why we 76 00:04:20,680 --> 00:04:24,080 Speaker 1: spread about the earth exactly thanks to clothing, in large 77 00:04:24,120 --> 00:04:26,640 Speaker 1: part in shoes to a lesser But that's part of 78 00:04:26,680 --> 00:04:29,760 Speaker 1: clothing any important extent. Sure, but it depends on who 79 00:04:29,839 --> 00:04:33,200 Speaker 1: you asking. Isn't it accessory? But if we if we 80 00:04:33,200 --> 00:04:37,080 Speaker 1: were warm blooded animals that didn't have clothing and had 81 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:41,200 Speaker 1: kind of spread out into colder climbs, one strategy that 82 00:04:41,279 --> 00:04:44,279 Speaker 1: we might have when it got really cold and food 83 00:04:44,320 --> 00:04:48,200 Speaker 1: became scarce therefore the energy input was a lot harder 84 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:52,520 Speaker 1: to come by. Might be hibernation, that's right, which is 85 00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:57,279 Speaker 1: something some animals do. That's right. Uh, it's funny. I 86 00:04:57,279 --> 00:05:00,360 Speaker 1: think a lot of people think of bears and mediately 87 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:04,159 Speaker 1: when they think of hibernation, um. But not only do 88 00:05:04,240 --> 00:05:08,360 Speaker 1: a lot of animals hibernate um bears. If you want 89 00:05:08,400 --> 00:05:13,760 Speaker 1: to get technical, let's get technical technical. Oh boy, that'll 90 00:05:13,800 --> 00:05:19,200 Speaker 1: be in the brain forever now. Um. Technically, bears do 91 00:05:19,240 --> 00:05:22,799 Speaker 1: not hibernate. Um. We are going to call it hibernation. 92 00:05:22,839 --> 00:05:25,599 Speaker 1: And a lot of people do. Say. You know, any 93 00:05:25,640 --> 00:05:31,159 Speaker 1: animal that undergoes a period sustained period of like a 94 00:05:31,200 --> 00:05:36,520 Speaker 1: body temperature drop and metabolism change, um is high hibernation. 95 00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:41,120 Speaker 1: And that's what I think. But technically the real um. 96 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:44,520 Speaker 1: You know, if you get a pedantic biologist up in 97 00:05:44,520 --> 00:05:48,800 Speaker 1: your grill, they might um push the glasses back on 98 00:05:48,839 --> 00:05:52,159 Speaker 1: their nose and say that it's when the temperature is 99 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:57,400 Speaker 1: significantly decreased long term state. This is a sixty biologist 100 00:05:57,440 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: you're doing. Metabolism slows drastically, and the the will energy 101 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:04,680 Speaker 1: coma like condition that takes some time to recover from. Uh. 102 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:07,839 Speaker 1: And bears are a little different because they aren't really 103 00:06:07,880 --> 00:06:09,599 Speaker 1: in that coma like state. You can wake them up 104 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:13,279 Speaker 1: pretty easily. You should not their temperature, y, Yeah, I 105 00:06:13,360 --> 00:06:19,720 Speaker 1: think that's important to be right. Hey, you hybernating bear, um, 106 00:06:19,800 --> 00:06:23,800 Speaker 1: and the body temperature of the bears don't drop very 107 00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:27,480 Speaker 1: much compared to some other animals. But yeah, for our 108 00:06:27,720 --> 00:06:29,760 Speaker 1: intents and purposes, as we're going to dig into the 109 00:06:29,800 --> 00:06:33,000 Speaker 1: whole thing. When we say hibernation, we mean anytime an 110 00:06:33,040 --> 00:06:36,599 Speaker 1: animal UM goes into this kind of state beyond sleep, 111 00:06:37,200 --> 00:06:42,760 Speaker 1: with the goal of surviving a rough period of the year. Yeah, 112 00:06:42,800 --> 00:06:46,039 Speaker 1: whether it's a shortage of food or whether um and 113 00:06:46,120 --> 00:06:49,479 Speaker 1: it could be cold. Usually associate hibernation with you know, 114 00:06:49,560 --> 00:06:53,360 Speaker 1: winter time, but actually, in the tropics there's something called estivation, 115 00:06:53,880 --> 00:06:57,919 Speaker 1: which is hibernation during the hottest or driest times of 116 00:06:57,960 --> 00:07:00,640 Speaker 1: the year. Pretty cool. Never knew that. Um. There are 117 00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:06,400 Speaker 1: also reptiles who hibernate. It's called broomation and um. There's 118 00:07:06,440 --> 00:07:09,680 Speaker 1: also torpor, which is a great word this is that's 119 00:07:09,720 --> 00:07:14,720 Speaker 1: another confusing term though. Torpor can mean um. It can 120 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:19,760 Speaker 1: be an umbrella term for any hibernation strategy, right, or 121 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:25,239 Speaker 1: it can refer to a specific type of hibernation that's usually, Um, 122 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:28,600 Speaker 1: it happens on a daily basis, like a few hours maybe, 123 00:07:29,120 --> 00:07:31,600 Speaker 1: And so like you're hearing all this, chuck, I can. 124 00:07:31,680 --> 00:07:34,640 Speaker 1: I can put myself in the mind of people listening. 125 00:07:34,640 --> 00:07:37,360 Speaker 1: They're like, you guys are talking about sleep, your dummies, 126 00:07:38,400 --> 00:07:42,400 Speaker 1: it's called sleep. This is not sleep actually no, uh. 127 00:07:42,440 --> 00:07:44,440 Speaker 1: And that's very important to point out because I think 128 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:48,960 Speaker 1: if you don't know about hibernation, like I probably used 129 00:07:48,960 --> 00:07:51,640 Speaker 1: to think, yeah, bears go sleepy time for half the year, 130 00:07:52,160 --> 00:07:56,640 Speaker 1: It's like none of that is correct at all. So um, 131 00:07:56,640 --> 00:08:00,160 Speaker 1: it's it's very different from sleep. Sleep is uh. When 132 00:08:00,200 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: you hibernate, you're really going on undergoing some pretty drastic 133 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:07,960 Speaker 1: physiological physiological changes. When you sleep, you undergo a little 134 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:10,760 Speaker 1: bit of a change, Like even when we sleep, our 135 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:14,160 Speaker 1: heart rate slows a bit, body temperature drops a little bit. Yeah, 136 00:08:14,280 --> 00:08:16,920 Speaker 1: breathing slows a little bit, but nothing, it's not anything 137 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:20,080 Speaker 1: drastic at all. It's more of a mental change, right. Yeah, 138 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:23,480 Speaker 1: that's the big difference between sleep and hibernation. With sleep, 139 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:26,480 Speaker 1: your brain is taking time to rest. Even though there 140 00:08:26,480 --> 00:08:29,240 Speaker 1: are plenty of phases of sleep where your brain is active, 141 00:08:29,840 --> 00:08:34,920 Speaker 1: it's also very inactive for large parts of it with hibernation. Apparently, 142 00:08:34,960 --> 00:08:38,400 Speaker 1: when an animal is in even deep hibernation, its brain 143 00:08:38,720 --> 00:08:42,000 Speaker 1: is still um reflecting the same type of waves I 144 00:08:42,040 --> 00:08:46,000 Speaker 1: believe alpha waves that has when it's wakeful, that they're 145 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:49,559 Speaker 1: just somewhat suppressed. And actually when when animals come out 146 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:53,120 Speaker 1: of hibernation, they apparently have sleep deprivation and have to 147 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:55,760 Speaker 1: sleep for several days afterwards. Yeah, that's the fact of 148 00:08:55,800 --> 00:08:58,160 Speaker 1: the show for me. Oh yeah, yeah, like sorry for 149 00:08:58,240 --> 00:08:59,880 Speaker 1: taking out no, no no, no, You'll wake up from a 150 00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:04,480 Speaker 1: six month hibernation like I'm sleepy. Yeah, I gotta get 151 00:09:04,480 --> 00:09:07,679 Speaker 1: some reths from laying around like this for six months. 152 00:09:07,720 --> 00:09:10,360 Speaker 1: But it's all because of those brain waves. I think 153 00:09:10,360 --> 00:09:15,040 Speaker 1: it's pretty interesting. Um, if you're in a zoo, you 154 00:09:15,679 --> 00:09:19,960 Speaker 1: probably don't hibernate. I'm not talking about a guest and 155 00:09:20,120 --> 00:09:22,880 Speaker 1: visitor at a zoo. If you're an animal living in 156 00:09:22,920 --> 00:09:26,559 Speaker 1: a zoo, you probably don't hibernate because you're they're regulating 157 00:09:26,559 --> 00:09:30,280 Speaker 1: your environment. Your food is not going to be scarce. 158 00:09:30,760 --> 00:09:34,360 Speaker 1: But in order sometimes to give these animals a more 159 00:09:34,440 --> 00:09:38,000 Speaker 1: natural life cycle, they will trigger hibernational purpose. Yeah, they're 160 00:09:38,040 --> 00:09:40,480 Speaker 1: just like blast them with an ice ray or something. 161 00:09:41,840 --> 00:09:44,680 Speaker 1: An ice ray yeah. Uh, and as far as when 162 00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:47,800 Speaker 1: to hibernate, like when it all depends on the animal, 163 00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:50,760 Speaker 1: on when they do it, and it depends on the 164 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,640 Speaker 1: animal and how it's triggered, like when they know to 165 00:09:53,720 --> 00:09:56,640 Speaker 1: do it. Yeah. Yeah, So there's actually there's a biologist 166 00:09:56,679 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: whose name was Jurgen ash Off and uh dr ash 167 00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:06,559 Speaker 1: Off assuming doctor sounds like a bad Bond villain, almost 168 00:10:07,679 --> 00:10:12,880 Speaker 1: um or an actor playing a Bond villain. Um dr 169 00:10:12,960 --> 00:10:15,840 Speaker 1: ash Off came up with a term for all the 170 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:20,040 Speaker 1: different kinds of triggers that can trigger hibernation and sleepy 171 00:10:20,040 --> 00:10:25,320 Speaker 1: triggs zeit geiber. Does that make sense to you because 172 00:10:25,320 --> 00:10:33,360 Speaker 1: you're in a German so zeit means um uh. Right, 173 00:10:33,559 --> 00:10:38,880 Speaker 1: So this, this wonderful term um is probably does mean 174 00:10:38,880 --> 00:10:42,080 Speaker 1: in German sleepy time triggers. It's a good German band 175 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:45,240 Speaker 1: name too, yeah, but the yeah because there's not a 176 00:10:45,280 --> 00:10:48,559 Speaker 1: third word. The third word. The three word band names 177 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:52,079 Speaker 1: bothered me. They're really tough to pull off, and when 178 00:10:52,120 --> 00:10:55,640 Speaker 1: they are pulled off, well great, they're usually done very well. 179 00:10:55,679 --> 00:10:58,760 Speaker 1: But it's also really easy to fumble a three word 180 00:10:58,880 --> 00:11:01,440 Speaker 1: band name. I'm trying to of three word band names now, 181 00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:06,840 Speaker 1: like Bachman Turner, Overdrive. Yeah, great one. Brian Jonestown Massacre, 182 00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:10,960 Speaker 1: great one. Fleetwood Big Mac. I'll bet there's a cover 183 00:11:11,040 --> 00:11:13,720 Speaker 1: band out there named that. Actually just saw a Fleetwood 184 00:11:13,720 --> 00:11:16,000 Speaker 1: Mac cover band. Where were they called? I don't go 185 00:11:16,080 --> 00:11:19,920 Speaker 1: to those tribute cover bands ever, but um, he just 186 00:11:19,960 --> 00:11:22,120 Speaker 1: came to in the middle of one. No. I noticed 187 00:11:22,160 --> 00:11:24,559 Speaker 1: there was a Smith's cover band playing and they were 188 00:11:24,559 --> 00:11:28,760 Speaker 1: opening up for rumors. They're from Atlanta. Actually, the Fleetwood 189 00:11:28,760 --> 00:11:32,360 Speaker 1: Mac one and uh, the Smiths one was tough. I 190 00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:34,839 Speaker 1: had a hard time watching the guy. I mean, the 191 00:11:34,880 --> 00:11:36,959 Speaker 1: band was great and he sounded good, but what was 192 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:39,800 Speaker 1: the problem. He was morrisying around the stage and you 193 00:11:39,840 --> 00:11:42,360 Speaker 1: can't morris see around the stage unless you're Morrissey. So 194 00:11:42,400 --> 00:11:44,520 Speaker 1: I just had to kind of look at the guitar 195 00:11:44,559 --> 00:11:48,640 Speaker 1: player and Johnny Marring on the stage. Now, he was fine. 196 00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:54,160 Speaker 1: But Fleetwood Mac rumors they are great, dude, I mean 197 00:11:55,640 --> 00:11:59,199 Speaker 1: unbelievably great, really, And if you like Fleetwood Mac and 198 00:11:59,240 --> 00:12:00,800 Speaker 1: you don't want to pay two hundred dollars to go 199 00:12:00,840 --> 00:12:04,760 Speaker 1: see them, they go see rumors that huh. I mean 200 00:12:04,760 --> 00:12:07,960 Speaker 1: he sounded just like them anyway, shout out to rumors. 201 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:11,240 Speaker 1: I guess so I might be on a new cover 202 00:12:11,360 --> 00:12:14,320 Speaker 1: band kick though, So I found myself kind of perusing 203 00:12:14,960 --> 00:12:18,599 Speaker 1: like what's coming in Atlanta, thinking like, yeah, that was 204 00:12:18,679 --> 00:12:22,040 Speaker 1: kind of fun, right, who's coming? Soo? So are they coming? No? 205 00:12:22,320 --> 00:12:25,640 Speaker 1: But there's uh a night of that of it with 206 00:12:25,720 --> 00:12:28,920 Speaker 1: a C. D. C. Van Halen and one other like 207 00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:32,120 Speaker 1: classic rock band is going to be all playing together, 208 00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:37,120 Speaker 1: I think featuring the real Sammy Hagar. Maybe you never 209 00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:40,599 Speaker 1: know in Michael Anthony too, although my hat's off to 210 00:12:40,640 --> 00:12:44,280 Speaker 1: Sammy Hagar for stepping up to defend Michael Anthony like 211 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:46,160 Speaker 1: a year or so ago. Oh I thought you're gonna 212 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:50,480 Speaker 1: say hats off to him for not driving well too, Yeah, 213 00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:54,080 Speaker 1: he did take up for Michael Anthony. All right, So 214 00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:57,679 Speaker 1: we're talking about Zeke geiber and again this is all 215 00:12:57,720 --> 00:12:59,920 Speaker 1: the ways that like hibernation could be triggered. And I 216 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:01,959 Speaker 1: think you said temperature is like the big one, right, 217 00:13:02,160 --> 00:13:05,000 Speaker 1: that's the main, most common one. We talked a little 218 00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:09,160 Speaker 1: bit about food supplies there. I mean there are many 219 00:13:09,200 --> 00:13:13,160 Speaker 1: animals who are triggered by food supplies, birds most notably um, 220 00:13:13,240 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 1: although there's only one bird that goes into true hibernation. 221 00:13:16,679 --> 00:13:22,760 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, chicken. Now the common poor will actually 222 00:13:22,800 --> 00:13:26,200 Speaker 1: goes into like real hibernation from like five months, and 223 00:13:26,240 --> 00:13:28,520 Speaker 1: other birds just have a torqu port like you were saying, 224 00:13:28,800 --> 00:13:30,720 Speaker 1: a few hours a day. It's all they need to 225 00:13:30,720 --> 00:13:32,959 Speaker 1: conserve a little bit energy. Yeah, and I mean again, 226 00:13:33,040 --> 00:13:37,560 Speaker 1: that's the point, like you're trying to save calories, right, Yeah, 227 00:13:38,440 --> 00:13:43,120 Speaker 1: it's that's the whole point exactly. Um. So there's also 228 00:13:43,200 --> 00:13:47,200 Speaker 1: something called photo period where the days start getting shorter 229 00:13:47,760 --> 00:13:53,640 Speaker 1: and it triggers um a hibernation response in animals too. Yeah. 230 00:13:53,679 --> 00:13:56,080 Speaker 1: And a really cool thing that this article pointed out 231 00:13:56,120 --> 00:14:00,480 Speaker 1: was that they've done experiments where they've had animals in 232 00:14:00,960 --> 00:14:04,760 Speaker 1: uh I was about to say, and capture locked away 233 00:14:05,320 --> 00:14:10,079 Speaker 1: room studying animals that have no triggers like this going on, 234 00:14:10,200 --> 00:14:13,840 Speaker 1: and they have this weird ability they don't understand, triggered 235 00:14:13,880 --> 00:14:17,160 Speaker 1: by their circannual rhythm where they just know this like 236 00:14:17,240 --> 00:14:21,600 Speaker 1: internal biological clock where they just know it's time. Pretty amazing, 237 00:14:21,680 --> 00:14:24,160 Speaker 1: It is amazing. And that's in contrast of the circadian 238 00:14:24,200 --> 00:14:26,680 Speaker 1: rhythm which we all know and love that makes us 239 00:14:26,880 --> 00:14:31,600 Speaker 1: sleepy when the day ends. That's right, Um, let's let's 240 00:14:31,640 --> 00:14:34,200 Speaker 1: take a break man, all right, are you ready? Yeah, 241 00:14:34,240 --> 00:14:50,400 Speaker 1: I'm gonna go listen to some Fleetwood Big Mac. You know, Josh, 242 00:14:50,400 --> 00:14:52,840 Speaker 1: Starting your own business can be quite a chore, my friend, 243 00:14:53,360 --> 00:14:55,760 Speaker 1: and developing your online presence doesn't have to be the 244 00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:58,840 Speaker 1: hard part. That's because our friends at Google and Squarespace 245 00:14:58,840 --> 00:15:01,240 Speaker 1: have teamed up and they're gonna give small business owners 246 00:15:01,280 --> 00:15:04,240 Speaker 1: what they need to succeed online, which is a custom domain, 247 00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:08,800 Speaker 1: a business email, and a beautiful website all in one place. Yep. 248 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:12,120 Speaker 1: With Google and Squarespace, you can stand out, look professional, 249 00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:15,720 Speaker 1: and increase your team's productivity. When you create your Squarespace 250 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:19,440 Speaker 1: business website or online store, you'll receive a free year 251 00:15:19,560 --> 00:15:22,880 Speaker 1: of business email and professional tools from Google. It's that simple, 252 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:24,920 Speaker 1: that's right. All you have to do is visit square 253 00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:28,800 Speaker 1: space dot com, slash Google and start your free trial today. 254 00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:31,880 Speaker 1: Just make sure you use the offer code work w 255 00:15:32,160 --> 00:15:34,880 Speaker 1: O r K. You're gonna get ten percent off your 256 00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:38,360 Speaker 1: first purchase. Google and square Space. Make it professional, make 257 00:15:38,400 --> 00:15:53,320 Speaker 1: it beautiful, all right, Tucka. We were talking about um 258 00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:56,560 Speaker 1: ways that animals know, and like you said, they just 259 00:15:56,560 --> 00:16:02,480 Speaker 1: seemed to know naturally when the go hibernate um and 260 00:16:02,520 --> 00:16:06,880 Speaker 1: when they start getting these these triggers, they're like, oh, 261 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:10,200 Speaker 1: it's starting to be time. Um. One of the first 262 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:13,880 Speaker 1: things they do is prepare a place to stay. They 263 00:16:14,000 --> 00:16:19,360 Speaker 1: fluff the pillow, check out the sleeping bag. What else. 264 00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:23,760 Speaker 1: If they're the hair Bear Bunch, they just basically settle 265 00:16:23,840 --> 00:16:26,600 Speaker 1: into their awesome den. Do you remember them, the hair 266 00:16:26,640 --> 00:16:31,480 Speaker 1: bear the Hairbear Bunch early seventies. They lived in a zoo, 267 00:16:31,920 --> 00:16:33,880 Speaker 1: but they had like the coolest They had, like a 268 00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:38,880 Speaker 1: TV and like a like great recliners and a barbridgerator. Sure, yeah, 269 00:16:38,920 --> 00:16:43,560 Speaker 1: the hair Bear Bunch. You remember the um the bear 270 00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 1: with like the cravat and like the big afro. One 271 00:16:46,960 --> 00:16:49,480 Speaker 1: of them had like a camouflage hat that covered his eyes, 272 00:16:49,520 --> 00:16:51,880 Speaker 1: like the guy from Cypress Hill. No, I don't remember 273 00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:54,520 Speaker 1: that at all, Chuck, you gotta check out the hair 274 00:16:54,560 --> 00:16:56,320 Speaker 1: Bear Bunch. I think you might like them. That was 275 00:16:56,360 --> 00:17:00,000 Speaker 1: my generation too. Yeah, that was right there. Interesting maybe, 276 00:17:00,080 --> 00:17:02,400 Speaker 1: and my parents didn't let me watch it. They're like 277 00:17:02,440 --> 00:17:07,520 Speaker 1: that that bears obviously on the dope who knows, uh, 278 00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:10,439 Speaker 1: But you are correct. They prepare their little area depends 279 00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:13,440 Speaker 1: on the animal on what they do. Might be a cave, 280 00:17:13,680 --> 00:17:17,960 Speaker 1: a little ground squirrel or a lemur might um dig 281 00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:20,679 Speaker 1: out their den and put some insulating material around it. 282 00:17:20,800 --> 00:17:24,760 Speaker 1: We talked about polar bears. Yeah, the polar bear. Mom's 283 00:17:25,400 --> 00:17:30,760 Speaker 1: kind of combine hibernation and um birth right. They dig 284 00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:36,080 Speaker 1: out like a snowden, which again great movie. Uh. Sometimes 285 00:17:36,240 --> 00:17:38,720 Speaker 1: they don't dig out a big area. Sometimes they'll just 286 00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:42,439 Speaker 1: find a little tree hollow, a little shallow cave, and 287 00:17:42,440 --> 00:17:45,680 Speaker 1: they're kind of partially exposed to the weather. Yeah, because 288 00:17:45,680 --> 00:17:47,719 Speaker 1: I was thinking about that. When you think of bears hybriding, 289 00:17:47,760 --> 00:17:49,800 Speaker 1: and you think of a bear hybriding in a cave, 290 00:17:50,280 --> 00:17:53,040 Speaker 1: they couldn't be too far into the cave because the 291 00:17:53,119 --> 00:17:56,960 Speaker 1: same triggers that that put them to sleep and and 292 00:17:56,960 --> 00:18:01,399 Speaker 1: trigger hybernation, um, also bring them out of it. Sure, 293 00:18:01,480 --> 00:18:03,320 Speaker 1: so they would make sense that they would need to 294 00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:05,679 Speaker 1: be like partially exposed to the weather. Yeah. You know, 295 00:18:05,800 --> 00:18:07,600 Speaker 1: so as the days started to get longer they would 296 00:18:07,600 --> 00:18:10,200 Speaker 1: wake up, or as the temperature got warmer, they would 297 00:18:10,440 --> 00:18:12,120 Speaker 1: they would kind of come out of it. And think 298 00:18:12,119 --> 00:18:16,040 Speaker 1: about that. Um. Food storage is a big deal. Um. 299 00:18:16,080 --> 00:18:19,479 Speaker 1: Sometimes if it's non perishable foods, you can actually keep 300 00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:22,520 Speaker 1: it in there with you. Uh. And we bring this 301 00:18:22,640 --> 00:18:26,359 Speaker 1: up because, UM, it's a bit of a misconception that 302 00:18:26,400 --> 00:18:28,800 Speaker 1: the animals, some animals do knock out for months and 303 00:18:28,840 --> 00:18:31,800 Speaker 1: months at a time, but some will wake up occasionally 304 00:18:31,840 --> 00:18:34,439 Speaker 1: just to shove some food in their mouth and then 305 00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:36,479 Speaker 1: go back to sleep, well, not sleep, go back into 306 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:40,120 Speaker 1: hibernation mode. So they should have some food in there. 307 00:18:41,160 --> 00:18:44,920 Speaker 1: Or maybe they've just eaten so much prepared fattened up 308 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:47,960 Speaker 1: for the winter months that they don't need to eat 309 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:52,080 Speaker 1: at all. I saw somewhere that some bears um go 310 00:18:52,240 --> 00:18:54,800 Speaker 1: for meeting in an average of eight thousand calories a 311 00:18:54,880 --> 00:18:59,119 Speaker 1: day to twenty calories a day to fatten up in 312 00:18:59,119 --> 00:19:01,760 Speaker 1: like the weeks leading up to to hibernation. So we 313 00:19:01,760 --> 00:19:05,159 Speaker 1: talk about brown fat now, I guess, yeah, it sounds gross. 314 00:19:05,920 --> 00:19:10,000 Speaker 1: It's delicious, though. Brown fat is different than white fat 315 00:19:11,240 --> 00:19:15,879 Speaker 1: when we typically process fat um for for energy and 316 00:19:15,920 --> 00:19:19,840 Speaker 1: heat it. Uh, there's there's something called shivering that it 317 00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:24,440 Speaker 1: facilitates that helps us well, yeah, shivering shivering right, yeah, yeah, 318 00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:29,000 Speaker 1: just muscle contraction burns energy and releases heat. Yeah, but 319 00:19:29,080 --> 00:19:32,080 Speaker 1: brown fat is great because we don't need to shiver it. Actually, 320 00:19:33,280 --> 00:19:37,640 Speaker 1: the brown fat is oxidized directly and it instantly produces 321 00:19:37,680 --> 00:19:40,520 Speaker 1: the heat. It's gives the whole middle part, so you 322 00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:44,240 Speaker 1: don't need to shiver. It doesn't waste energy on muscle contraction, 323 00:19:44,359 --> 00:19:49,520 Speaker 1: not at all. That's it's called non shivering thermogenesis. Nice. 324 00:19:49,600 --> 00:19:52,119 Speaker 1: So that's why you want the brown fat. Yeah, and 325 00:19:52,160 --> 00:19:55,240 Speaker 1: that's what the bears bulk up with. I guess, I 326 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:58,960 Speaker 1: guess all animals do, or maybe not all animals, but 327 00:19:59,800 --> 00:20:03,399 Speaker 1: an it's handy. Well, when you do have to burn 328 00:20:03,920 --> 00:20:09,200 Speaker 1: that fat, whether it's brown fat or otherwise, um, you 329 00:20:09,200 --> 00:20:12,240 Speaker 1: you use up a lot of that stored energy because 330 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:17,280 Speaker 1: fat is a great energy store, right. Um. And if 331 00:20:17,320 --> 00:20:22,000 Speaker 1: you're a pretty large animal, you if you let your 332 00:20:22,000 --> 00:20:25,199 Speaker 1: body temperature get too low, because again most of the 333 00:20:25,200 --> 00:20:27,680 Speaker 1: time this is in very very cold climates in the winter, 334 00:20:27,840 --> 00:20:30,639 Speaker 1: right if you, if we if you let your body 335 00:20:30,680 --> 00:20:32,639 Speaker 1: temperature to get too low, it's gonna take a lot 336 00:20:32,840 --> 00:20:36,040 Speaker 1: of energy to get it back to its normal warm 337 00:20:36,080 --> 00:20:41,160 Speaker 1: blooded state, even even it's normal hibernating temperature. So animals 338 00:20:41,200 --> 00:20:45,520 Speaker 1: have astoundingly something called a set point, and it's like 339 00:20:45,560 --> 00:20:50,320 Speaker 1: an internal thermostat setting that says, when my body temperature 340 00:20:50,400 --> 00:20:54,080 Speaker 1: gets to this this temperature, burn some fat and warm 341 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:58,080 Speaker 1: me back up. And uh, I guess all warm blooded 342 00:20:58,119 --> 00:21:02,800 Speaker 1: animals have this set point, right, Yeah, but for the 343 00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:06,000 Speaker 1: larger animals it's higher because again it requires so much 344 00:21:06,080 --> 00:21:09,880 Speaker 1: energy to to to restore it that their body temperature 345 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:12,240 Speaker 1: never gets too low and their set point is being 346 00:21:12,280 --> 00:21:16,000 Speaker 1: activated pretty frequently during hibernation. But if you're a much 347 00:21:16,040 --> 00:21:19,119 Speaker 1: smaller animal, I think the Arctic ground squirrel is like 348 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 1: the best example of of hibernation, especially in this respect. 349 00:21:24,119 --> 00:21:27,359 Speaker 1: The Arctic ground squirrel a warm blooded animal. Their body 350 00:21:27,400 --> 00:21:33,000 Speaker 1: temperature will get below freezing during hibernation and you would think, well, 351 00:21:33,080 --> 00:21:35,480 Speaker 1: you know, that's got to be pretty terrible for him. Yes, 352 00:21:35,520 --> 00:21:39,399 Speaker 1: it is. They lose bone density, they lose their teeth, 353 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:44,120 Speaker 1: their brain actually they lose like parts of it, and um, 354 00:21:44,160 --> 00:21:49,879 Speaker 1: they come very close to dying or being dead. And 355 00:21:49,920 --> 00:21:54,080 Speaker 1: then the thaw comes and they are they're they're aroused 356 00:21:54,119 --> 00:21:56,200 Speaker 1: from their hibernation and all of a sudden they start 357 00:21:56,240 --> 00:22:00,560 Speaker 1: growing all that stuff back. Yeah, it's pretty remarkable. Yeah, Like, oh, 358 00:22:00,720 --> 00:22:04,199 Speaker 1: I just want to say, move right. Well, I go 359 00:22:04,320 --> 00:22:08,320 Speaker 1: through that every year. All this is controlled mostly by 360 00:22:08,359 --> 00:22:11,280 Speaker 1: the endocrine system. Uh, and we have these glands in 361 00:22:11,320 --> 00:22:14,720 Speaker 1: our body that alter all these hormones and it can 362 00:22:14,760 --> 00:22:19,520 Speaker 1: really control with great precision all these physiological changes that 363 00:22:19,560 --> 00:22:22,480 Speaker 1: they need to go through. Yeah, I say, we but yeah, 364 00:22:22,640 --> 00:22:27,119 Speaker 1: I'm an animal too, I guess yeah, party animal. Uh 365 00:22:27,400 --> 00:22:31,280 Speaker 1: should we talk about some of the uh specifics of that? Right? 366 00:22:31,320 --> 00:22:34,600 Speaker 1: So um and again like this is the reason why 367 00:22:34,640 --> 00:22:37,919 Speaker 1: things like temperature changes and um, the changes in the 368 00:22:37,960 --> 00:22:41,080 Speaker 1: amount of sunlight during any given day can trigger hibernation 369 00:22:41,359 --> 00:22:44,959 Speaker 1: because those are capable of affecting hormones. Right. That's right. 370 00:22:45,280 --> 00:22:49,440 Speaker 1: So you're picking up things like um, like when to 371 00:22:49,560 --> 00:22:54,159 Speaker 1: grow your coat, it triggers melatonin production, which triggers a 372 00:22:54,240 --> 00:22:58,480 Speaker 1: thick coat like coat thickening. Yeah. Right, your pituitary gland 373 00:22:58,560 --> 00:23:01,280 Speaker 1: is gonna control that fat old up the heart rate 374 00:23:01,359 --> 00:23:04,400 Speaker 1: and the breathing rate and metabolic functions. That's a big one. 375 00:23:04,840 --> 00:23:07,320 Speaker 1: Intuitary gland takes care of a lot. Oh yeah, you 376 00:23:07,440 --> 00:23:11,840 Speaker 1: lose that, you probably can't hibernate. Uh. Thyroid m that's 377 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: gonna control your metabolism somewhat and your levels of activity. Right. 378 00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:18,720 Speaker 1: And then finally, insulin, as we all know, is gonna 379 00:23:19,320 --> 00:23:23,640 Speaker 1: regulate your glucose. Right. There's also something that was isolated. 380 00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:26,840 Speaker 1: It's an opioid called datal d a d l e 381 00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:30,399 Speaker 1: UM and they found that it lowers heart rate and 382 00:23:30,840 --> 00:23:34,920 Speaker 1: um respiration in animals and that if you give any 383 00:23:34,960 --> 00:23:37,840 Speaker 1: animal this, they kind of start to get into hibernation mode. 384 00:23:38,800 --> 00:23:41,240 Speaker 1: So it's not like I don't think it's a hormone, 385 00:23:41,280 --> 00:23:44,640 Speaker 1: it's a chemical, but it has like a hibernating effect 386 00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:47,520 Speaker 1: on animals. Yeah, it's pretty cool. So some of these 387 00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,320 Speaker 1: changes can be pretty drastic. The heart rate can drop 388 00:23:50,320 --> 00:23:53,880 Speaker 1: to as little as two and a half percent um 389 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:57,159 Speaker 1: a chipmunk, for example, five beats per minute as opposed 390 00:23:57,200 --> 00:24:00,560 Speaker 1: to two d that's pretty significant. Let's to the bat. 391 00:24:00,880 --> 00:24:04,200 Speaker 1: Some some species of bat go from a thousand beats 392 00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:09,800 Speaker 1: per minutes and they only breathe once every two hours, amazing. 393 00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:12,520 Speaker 1: And the box turtle doesn't breathe at all. It completely 394 00:24:12,560 --> 00:24:14,959 Speaker 1: shuts down breathing. But I mean that makes sense. Like 395 00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:20,600 Speaker 1: when you are when you're running off of stored fat, right, Yeah, 396 00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:25,800 Speaker 1: you you don't have the need to power cells like normal. 397 00:24:25,920 --> 00:24:29,119 Speaker 1: Your hybrid and your metabolism is slowed because your cells 398 00:24:29,119 --> 00:24:32,280 Speaker 1: aren't requiring the same energy that they have before, which 399 00:24:32,320 --> 00:24:36,919 Speaker 1: means that you don't need oxygen or nearly as much oxygen, 400 00:24:37,040 --> 00:24:38,840 Speaker 1: so you don't have to breathe as much. And since 401 00:24:38,840 --> 00:24:41,639 Speaker 1: you're not taking in that much oxygen, your your blood 402 00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:44,800 Speaker 1: doesn't need to pump nearly as much either, because that's 403 00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:46,760 Speaker 1: the point of the heart and your blood is to 404 00:24:46,800 --> 00:24:50,600 Speaker 1: spread oxygen through your body at least in last part. Uh, 405 00:24:50,600 --> 00:24:52,880 Speaker 1: and the turtle, the box turtle takes an air through 406 00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:56,320 Speaker 1: the skin, So like you said, it still needs the oxygen, 407 00:24:56,800 --> 00:24:58,680 Speaker 1: but just said need to breathe to get it right, 408 00:24:58,840 --> 00:25:02,200 Speaker 1: And it doesn't need much because the box tirtroles heartbeats 409 00:25:02,240 --> 00:25:07,120 Speaker 1: about every once every ten minutes. Man. That's then two 410 00:25:07,160 --> 00:25:11,800 Speaker 1: minutes later boo boom, alright, pretty amazing. Um. And then uh, 411 00:25:12,200 --> 00:25:15,680 Speaker 1: most animals, probably all animals that go into any sort 412 00:25:15,720 --> 00:25:19,280 Speaker 1: of deep hibernation, they have like x amount of fat 413 00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:26,199 Speaker 1: stored up that they that should carry them through the winter. Right. Um, 414 00:25:26,320 --> 00:25:30,040 Speaker 1: that's why you should never ever mess with a hibernating 415 00:25:30,080 --> 00:25:33,359 Speaker 1: animal of any type because you will basically have killed 416 00:25:33,359 --> 00:25:37,160 Speaker 1: it if you rouse it from its hibernation. It will 417 00:25:37,280 --> 00:25:40,680 Speaker 1: take a tremendous amount of energy to to come back 418 00:25:40,760 --> 00:25:43,880 Speaker 1: to wakefulness right and to bring that temperature up right. 419 00:25:43,960 --> 00:25:47,280 Speaker 1: And so it just spent way more than its budget 420 00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:50,040 Speaker 1: for um for the winter. So even if it can 421 00:25:50,080 --> 00:25:52,919 Speaker 1: get back into hibernation, it'll starve to death because it 422 00:25:53,040 --> 00:25:56,240 Speaker 1: used up a bunch because you some jerk woke it 423 00:25:56,320 --> 00:25:59,320 Speaker 1: up from its hibernation. Why did you do that? I 424 00:25:59,320 --> 00:26:04,680 Speaker 1: didn't do it. I'm just saying, uh, waste If you're wondering, Um, 425 00:26:05,320 --> 00:26:06,720 Speaker 1: I know, we kind of gave it away a little 426 00:26:06,720 --> 00:26:10,040 Speaker 1: bit in the Polar Bear episode about the poop and peepee. Um, 427 00:26:10,119 --> 00:26:13,320 Speaker 1: some or most animals that go into deep hibernation don't 428 00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:16,960 Speaker 1: do either one. Uh, there is no poopoo because they're 429 00:26:16,960 --> 00:26:20,479 Speaker 1: not eating. Um all that all that food has been 430 00:26:20,520 --> 00:26:23,160 Speaker 1: digested already and turn into fat. Yeah, so there's nothing 431 00:26:23,200 --> 00:26:25,639 Speaker 1: going through the intestines at all, which must be a 432 00:26:25,680 --> 00:26:28,960 Speaker 1: wonderful feeling. Oh yeah, you know when you empty outrook good. 433 00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:32,879 Speaker 1: But the body does produce urea no matter what, and 434 00:26:32,880 --> 00:26:37,200 Speaker 1: that's the waste product in urine and hibernating animals actually 435 00:26:37,280 --> 00:26:40,720 Speaker 1: recycle that. Bears in particular, break it down into amino 436 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:43,520 Speaker 1: acids and use it. And if you think, well, they're 437 00:26:43,520 --> 00:26:46,439 Speaker 1: not drinking, how are they not dehydrated? That comes from 438 00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:50,120 Speaker 1: fat too. Pretty unreal, it really is. Yeah, this whole 439 00:26:50,119 --> 00:26:55,440 Speaker 1: thing is just like it's unbelievable that animals uh evolved 440 00:26:55,440 --> 00:26:58,639 Speaker 1: to do this to survive, you know. Yeah, but I 441 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:01,920 Speaker 1: mean it makes uttering plete sense. It's like the food 442 00:27:01,960 --> 00:27:05,159 Speaker 1: supply dried it up for five months. Well, then just 443 00:27:05,200 --> 00:27:08,880 Speaker 1: go to sleep, don't eat any food, and again they're 444 00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:13,200 Speaker 1: not sleeping. Yeah, it's really tough to avoid that, I know. 445 00:27:13,400 --> 00:27:15,720 Speaker 1: But just go hibernate. Yeah, I think we point about 446 00:27:15,720 --> 00:27:20,920 Speaker 1: that earlier. We mentioned estivation, which is hibernation and hot weather. 447 00:27:21,160 --> 00:27:24,280 Speaker 1: This is something I did not know existed until the 448 00:27:24,359 --> 00:27:27,879 Speaker 1: last few days. Yeah, Um, in the desert. If you 449 00:27:27,920 --> 00:27:30,199 Speaker 1: live in the desert or a tropical climate and it 450 00:27:30,240 --> 00:27:32,400 Speaker 1: gets too hot, or if the food is getting low, 451 00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:35,240 Speaker 1: you may not be able to survive unless you dig 452 00:27:35,240 --> 00:27:37,960 Speaker 1: a hole and dig down into the earth where it's 453 00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:42,800 Speaker 1: cooler and more more stable temperature down there. Or if 454 00:27:42,840 --> 00:27:47,120 Speaker 1: you are a fish or a primitive fish that has 455 00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:51,040 Speaker 1: lungs like a long fish, um, you may live in 456 00:27:51,080 --> 00:27:55,000 Speaker 1: an area where the your body of water dries up annually. 457 00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:58,719 Speaker 1: This is a good reason to estivate too, right, So 458 00:27:59,000 --> 00:28:04,200 Speaker 1: long fish actually um produce mucus. They create a mucous 459 00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:08,399 Speaker 1: sack around themselves that dries on the inside but stays wet. 460 00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:12,400 Speaker 1: No dries on the outside, stays wet on the inside. Yeah, 461 00:28:12,440 --> 00:28:15,439 Speaker 1: they're like down in the mud, right, um. But the 462 00:28:15,600 --> 00:28:19,240 Speaker 1: lake can completely dry out around them and they still 463 00:28:19,280 --> 00:28:24,880 Speaker 1: stay hydrated and um, they don't dry out. They're lungfish, though, 464 00:28:24,920 --> 00:28:27,560 Speaker 1: so they breathe through long so they have like a one. 465 00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:31,360 Speaker 1: They also make a tube of mucus nbelievable that reaches 466 00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:35,320 Speaker 1: into the air, so they can breathe while they're sequestered 467 00:28:35,320 --> 00:28:41,280 Speaker 1: away and that's good eating too. I I don't know lungfish. Yeah, 468 00:28:41,480 --> 00:28:45,480 Speaker 1: those are. Maybe we're related to those. We're both tetrapods. 469 00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:48,920 Speaker 1: Did you know that, Uh, we're related to the lungfish. 470 00:28:49,240 --> 00:28:51,000 Speaker 1: I don't think I did know that, although it makes 471 00:28:51,000 --> 00:28:54,320 Speaker 1: sense because they you know, they're the only fish I 472 00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:57,240 Speaker 1: think that breathes that way, right, I believe so. But 473 00:28:57,320 --> 00:29:02,880 Speaker 1: they're also, um, probably one of the first fish to 474 00:29:03,080 --> 00:29:07,440 Speaker 1: start to come out of water and produce what became amphibians. 475 00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:09,600 Speaker 1: I just had to look up a lung fish real quick. 476 00:29:10,160 --> 00:29:12,240 Speaker 1: You've seen it before. Yeah, it looks sort of like 477 00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:15,520 Speaker 1: an eel a little. But they have like foot like 478 00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:20,000 Speaker 1: appendages almost. Yeah, interesting, just like us. I have a 479 00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:23,240 Speaker 1: foot like appendage. You can do two of them. Uh. 480 00:29:23,280 --> 00:29:25,720 Speaker 1: So we talked a little bit about torpor with birds. 481 00:29:26,440 --> 00:29:30,320 Speaker 1: The black capped chickadee has a daily torpor that it 482 00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:33,040 Speaker 1: undergoes for a few hours and like we said, it 483 00:29:33,160 --> 00:29:36,360 Speaker 1: just that's all. It needs, just a few degrees lower 484 00:29:36,400 --> 00:29:38,720 Speaker 1: in their body, just for a few hours a day 485 00:29:39,080 --> 00:29:41,400 Speaker 1: to conserve that little bit of energy that it needs. 486 00:29:42,440 --> 00:29:45,120 Speaker 1: Uh and only that poor will will. Um, they have 487 00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:49,400 Speaker 1: a drop and energy needs the poor will does. And 488 00:29:49,440 --> 00:29:52,720 Speaker 1: then back in the spring when things warm up, the 489 00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:56,560 Speaker 1: poor will needs about seven hours to stretch it out. 490 00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:00,360 Speaker 1: Seven wait, seven hours of torpor, No, seven hours of 491 00:30:01,520 --> 00:30:04,640 Speaker 1: getting back to north speed again after they wake up 492 00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:07,280 Speaker 1: from hibernation. Because a lot of animals it takes a 493 00:30:07,280 --> 00:30:10,920 Speaker 1: long time. But this, this little bird needs about seven hours. 494 00:30:10,920 --> 00:30:12,719 Speaker 1: And he's like, all right, let's do this. I'm up 495 00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:15,640 Speaker 1: and at him exactly. He's like that guy from Jerry McGuire, 496 00:30:16,680 --> 00:30:19,560 Speaker 1: which guy, remember, the guy who like had like the 497 00:30:19,640 --> 00:30:22,920 Speaker 1: interstitial interviews. He was like, every morning I wake up 498 00:30:22,960 --> 00:30:26,560 Speaker 1: and put my hand, yeah, let's go. Yeah, you know 499 00:30:26,640 --> 00:30:31,520 Speaker 1: they Cameron Crow tried to get Billy Wilder for that role. 500 00:30:32,360 --> 00:30:34,280 Speaker 1: And there's a great story that he told because he 501 00:30:34,400 --> 00:30:37,760 Speaker 1: just revered Billy Wilder. Billy Wilder, the great filmmaker and writer, 502 00:30:38,560 --> 00:30:43,600 Speaker 1: directed The Apartment among others and Boulevard too, m M, 503 00:30:43,760 --> 00:30:47,240 Speaker 1: I don't know about that. Maybe. Uh So Billy Wilder 504 00:30:47,560 --> 00:30:51,000 Speaker 1: said no, and Cameron Crows like please, like this would 505 00:30:51,040 --> 00:30:54,000 Speaker 1: really be awesome, and he said no. So Tom Cruise 506 00:30:54,120 --> 00:30:57,880 Speaker 1: was like, let me, uh come to the next meeting 507 00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:01,200 Speaker 1: and ask him, because I'm Tom curt right. So the 508 00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:03,880 Speaker 1: Cruise rolls in there and asked Billy Wilder and he 509 00:31:03,920 --> 00:31:07,320 Speaker 1: says no. And Cameron Crow how he put it was 510 00:31:07,680 --> 00:31:10,160 Speaker 1: I could tell from the look on Tom's face that 511 00:31:10,280 --> 00:31:13,520 Speaker 1: no was an word he heard often. And that's stuck 512 00:31:13,560 --> 00:31:17,600 Speaker 1: with me all these years that Tom Cruise was uh 513 00:31:17,800 --> 00:31:20,400 Speaker 1: told no by Billy Wilder and was just like what 514 00:31:21,400 --> 00:31:25,000 Speaker 1: his smiling didn't change, is like the entire change took 515 00:31:25,000 --> 00:31:27,520 Speaker 1: place in the light in his eyes. Pretty funny. Billy 516 00:31:27,560 --> 00:31:29,760 Speaker 1: Wilder did direct Sunset Boulevard by the way he did. 517 00:31:30,520 --> 00:31:33,640 Speaker 1: Um all right. And hummingbirds we should mention because those 518 00:31:33,680 --> 00:31:36,880 Speaker 1: little dudes and d debts are very active, as you know. 519 00:31:37,360 --> 00:31:40,560 Speaker 1: Have you ever seen them flitter around? Uh? They in 520 00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:42,560 Speaker 1: order to do that, they have a heart rate up 521 00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:45,960 Speaker 1: to twelve hundred beats per minute. So when you see 522 00:31:45,960 --> 00:31:49,200 Speaker 1: the hummingbird and it looks like they're going like all 523 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:52,400 Speaker 1: over the place they are. It's not just their wings, 524 00:31:52,440 --> 00:31:55,680 Speaker 1: Like they're in a constant state of high heart rate. Uh. 525 00:31:55,720 --> 00:31:58,600 Speaker 1: And their consumption is so great that they used daily 526 00:31:58,680 --> 00:32:01,760 Speaker 1: tour poor even in there in the tropics, Like every 527 00:32:01,840 --> 00:32:05,960 Speaker 1: hummingbird you know has a daily torpor where they um, 528 00:32:07,080 --> 00:32:10,440 Speaker 1: and I think it's like more torpoor than other birds even, Right, 529 00:32:10,680 --> 00:32:12,720 Speaker 1: So it has nothing to do with weather in their case, 530 00:32:13,320 --> 00:32:20,479 Speaker 1: there's juiced up. So if uh, if this whole idea 531 00:32:20,600 --> 00:32:24,440 Speaker 1: of hibernation is like a really kind of ancient mechanism, right, 532 00:32:25,200 --> 00:32:28,280 Speaker 1: and we're all connected far back into the tree of life, 533 00:32:28,760 --> 00:32:32,440 Speaker 1: it raises the question, are can humans conceivably hybernate? Right? 534 00:32:32,880 --> 00:32:36,320 Speaker 1: And that's a it's it's not just us asking that, 535 00:32:36,320 --> 00:32:38,400 Speaker 1: that's right. So let's stick a break and we'll talk 536 00:32:38,400 --> 00:33:07,600 Speaker 1: about that right after this. M h alright, Josh, can 537 00:33:07,640 --> 00:33:14,200 Speaker 1: humans hybernate? Uh? Probably not. Well, it's a pretty controversial 538 00:33:14,240 --> 00:33:18,400 Speaker 1: thing because there are some scientists that say, absolutely, we 539 00:33:18,440 --> 00:33:22,720 Speaker 1: have this latent ability that we could tap into, and 540 00:33:22,760 --> 00:33:28,080 Speaker 1: then other scientists say absolutely not. Asleep. Yeah, Um, we 541 00:33:28,120 --> 00:33:34,440 Speaker 1: did a whole episode on therapeutic hypothermia that touched on 542 00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:38,000 Speaker 1: a lot of this and actually NASA's got a contract 543 00:33:38,040 --> 00:33:40,640 Speaker 1: with the company from here in Atlanta called space Works, 544 00:33:41,240 --> 00:33:44,920 Speaker 1: and space Works has something called rhino chill where they 545 00:33:44,920 --> 00:33:50,920 Speaker 1: introduce chilled liquids up your nose to cool the base 546 00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:53,720 Speaker 1: of your brain. That's where you lose me. Well, yes, 547 00:33:53,880 --> 00:33:57,760 Speaker 1: well you would lose consciousness, right, And apparently it slows 548 00:33:57,800 --> 00:34:00,880 Speaker 1: metabolism and induces like a hybrid ation like state, and 549 00:34:00,920 --> 00:34:02,640 Speaker 1: they're looking into it to see if they can use 550 00:34:02,680 --> 00:34:05,640 Speaker 1: it for long distance space travel, like a trip to 551 00:34:05,720 --> 00:34:10,000 Speaker 1: Mars or something like the exactly like in the movies. Um, 552 00:34:10,120 --> 00:34:12,560 Speaker 1: NASA is very much looking into this kind of thing 553 00:34:12,640 --> 00:34:15,160 Speaker 1: and apparently has been since the fifties since the movie. 554 00:34:15,200 --> 00:34:18,840 Speaker 1: Said they basically, yeah, um, but this idea of entering 555 00:34:19,000 --> 00:34:22,640 Speaker 1: hibernation or it's also frequently called suspended animation, that kind 556 00:34:22,640 --> 00:34:27,080 Speaker 1: of thing, Um, it would help tremendously, Yeah, because not 557 00:34:27,160 --> 00:34:31,080 Speaker 1: only would you save people from like the boredom of 558 00:34:31,120 --> 00:34:34,480 Speaker 1: a six month space trip, you'd save them from going 559 00:34:34,600 --> 00:34:38,439 Speaker 1: a little crazy from that. Save on food supplies, save 560 00:34:38,480 --> 00:34:40,959 Speaker 1: on space because the people don't need to move around 561 00:34:41,080 --> 00:34:43,720 Speaker 1: or exercise or anything. I guess it's slowing their aging 562 00:34:43,760 --> 00:34:46,680 Speaker 1: as well, right, because I don't know that'd be the 563 00:34:46,719 --> 00:34:49,880 Speaker 1: interesting thing. I would guess, so, yeah, because I would 564 00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:54,160 Speaker 1: think the process of aging is the wearing out of 565 00:34:54,200 --> 00:34:57,160 Speaker 1: your body from metabolism. And if your metabolism slowing, you're 566 00:34:57,160 --> 00:34:59,560 Speaker 1: not aging. Sure, yeah, probably, I'm sure didn't shut it down. 567 00:34:59,560 --> 00:35:02,440 Speaker 1: But andantee, there's a formula, you know, so there is 568 00:35:02,600 --> 00:35:05,960 Speaker 1: I mean, there is actual interest in this kind of thing. Um, 569 00:35:06,040 --> 00:35:09,200 Speaker 1: you found a cool thing from the British Medical Journal. 570 00:35:10,200 --> 00:35:13,359 Speaker 1: Uh from geez, how long a d? Ten years ago? Yeah, 571 00:35:15,800 --> 00:35:19,400 Speaker 1: on the nose hundred sixteen years ago. It was an 572 00:35:19,480 --> 00:35:24,800 Speaker 1: article titled human hibernation and they reprinted it about sixteen 573 00:35:24,880 --> 00:35:30,560 Speaker 1: years ago and they talked about these Russians peasants that 574 00:35:30,719 --> 00:35:35,759 Speaker 1: did something called lutska. I think you nailed there, which 575 00:35:35,840 --> 00:35:41,680 Speaker 1: is essentially, um, six months during the hardest winters, the 576 00:35:41,800 --> 00:35:45,360 Speaker 1: family will kind of hibernate, like they don't do anything. 577 00:35:45,440 --> 00:35:48,080 Speaker 1: They sleep as much as they can, eat a little 578 00:35:48,120 --> 00:35:51,560 Speaker 1: hard tech, drink a little water, and someone stays up 579 00:35:51,600 --> 00:35:53,560 Speaker 1: to keep the fire going. They you know, take turns 580 00:35:53,600 --> 00:35:56,840 Speaker 1: doing that. But otherwise they are just bedded down conserving 581 00:35:56,880 --> 00:35:59,359 Speaker 1: their energy. Yeah, that's it. They wake up once a day, 582 00:35:59,400 --> 00:36:01,680 Speaker 1: Like you said, a little bread pick, a little water 583 00:36:01,719 --> 00:36:05,359 Speaker 1: go back to sleep. Imagine that's gotta like I'm sure 584 00:36:05,360 --> 00:36:08,480 Speaker 1: it's not so drastic like some of these mammals that 585 00:36:08,520 --> 00:36:12,640 Speaker 1: we've talked about, but it's got to have a physiological effect, 586 00:36:13,239 --> 00:36:15,560 Speaker 1: the desired effect. I mean, think about it. That's why 587 00:36:15,600 --> 00:36:17,520 Speaker 1: they tell you if you're trying to lose weight, don't 588 00:36:17,560 --> 00:36:21,040 Speaker 1: eat for hours before you go to bed, because all 589 00:36:21,040 --> 00:36:23,120 Speaker 1: you're gonna do is just you're you're not gonna burn 590 00:36:23,160 --> 00:36:25,720 Speaker 1: any of that energy off because you're just laying there sleeping. 591 00:36:26,360 --> 00:36:29,919 Speaker 1: Same thing with this, I mean they're there. It's kind 592 00:36:29,920 --> 00:36:34,600 Speaker 1: of like a forced pseudo hibernation, self induced pseudo hibernation 593 00:36:34,960 --> 00:36:37,120 Speaker 1: that they're like, we're it's a strategy. We're not going 594 00:36:37,200 --> 00:36:40,520 Speaker 1: to use up as much um energy. We're just gonna 595 00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:44,440 Speaker 1: lay here. Yeah, it's awesome. Yeah. And I think these 596 00:36:44,440 --> 00:36:47,600 Speaker 1: survival shows that you see to um they do a 597 00:36:47,640 --> 00:36:51,000 Speaker 1: lot of laying around when the food is scarce as well. Yeah, 598 00:36:51,040 --> 00:36:53,480 Speaker 1: I mean it's that's what you want to do. Yeah, Plus, 599 00:36:53,520 --> 00:36:55,720 Speaker 1: but I think you're kind of forced to su yeah, 600 00:36:55,800 --> 00:36:58,640 Speaker 1: because you lose energy. Yeah, you have no food energy, 601 00:36:58,680 --> 00:37:01,440 Speaker 1: so you're, yeah, you can't do any thing. There's one 602 00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:04,520 Speaker 1: other thing I wanted to mention too, you got something else? No, 603 00:37:04,719 --> 00:37:07,719 Speaker 1: I mean, just you know, I remember a few years ago, 604 00:37:07,880 --> 00:37:09,440 Speaker 1: I guess it was ten years ago now, I remember 605 00:37:09,440 --> 00:37:12,319 Speaker 1: when that Japanese man was lost in the woods and 606 00:37:13,120 --> 00:37:16,080 Speaker 1: claims that in some scientists agree that he went into 607 00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:18,239 Speaker 1: a state of hibernation. Yeah, we talked about him in 608 00:37:18,280 --> 00:37:21,080 Speaker 1: the Therapeutic Hypothermia episode. Yeah. I think we might have 609 00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:22,759 Speaker 1: done one of our old video things on him too. 610 00:37:22,800 --> 00:37:24,879 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, it seems like it man a while ago. 611 00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:29,160 Speaker 1: We've covered everything, dude. But there's been other cases like that, Yeah, 612 00:37:29,200 --> 00:37:34,279 Speaker 1: from people like stranded in cars. Uh, Swedish biologists who like, yeah, 613 00:37:34,640 --> 00:37:38,080 Speaker 1: for all intensive purposes, drowning an icy creek was revived. 614 00:37:39,719 --> 00:37:41,680 Speaker 1: That's yeah. I guess that's a little more like the 615 00:37:41,680 --> 00:37:45,279 Speaker 1: therapeutic hypothermia huh. But no, the same thing with the 616 00:37:45,360 --> 00:37:47,520 Speaker 1: Japanese man and the woman in the trunk of the car. 617 00:37:47,920 --> 00:37:50,840 Speaker 1: They were both exposed to below freezing temperatures and it 618 00:37:51,040 --> 00:37:54,759 Speaker 1: lowered their metabolism pretty amazing. And then there was this 619 00:37:54,840 --> 00:37:58,160 Speaker 1: guy who was not in freezing temperatures. Back in nineteen 620 00:37:58,239 --> 00:38:00,959 Speaker 1: seventy three, there was a journal article I can't remember 621 00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:04,759 Speaker 1: the name of the journal um that they did a 622 00:38:04,800 --> 00:38:08,960 Speaker 1: study with a Yogi Yogi Satya Murky and for eight 623 00:38:09,040 --> 00:38:11,480 Speaker 1: days he went into like a state of basically like 624 00:38:11,600 --> 00:38:15,000 Speaker 1: meditative hibernation as far as they don't. He didn't need 625 00:38:15,080 --> 00:38:18,400 Speaker 1: or drink anything. Um, he lost ten pounds four and 626 00:38:18,440 --> 00:38:22,560 Speaker 1: a half KOs. His body temperature dropped down to ninety 627 00:38:22,560 --> 00:38:25,560 Speaker 1: four degrees, which doesn't seem that much, but apparently that 628 00:38:25,680 --> 00:38:29,760 Speaker 1: was the ambient temperature of where he was sealed often. 629 00:38:30,320 --> 00:38:33,400 Speaker 1: And um, they had an e KG. They had e 630 00:38:33,480 --> 00:38:38,080 Speaker 1: KG sensors detecting his heartbeat, and apparently his heartbeat went 631 00:38:38,200 --> 00:38:41,560 Speaker 1: up to like two beats a minute and then started 632 00:38:41,560 --> 00:38:45,080 Speaker 1: to taper off. And after like the first day and 633 00:38:45,160 --> 00:38:48,800 Speaker 1: for the next seven days they basically couldn't detect a heartbeat. 634 00:38:49,440 --> 00:38:52,440 Speaker 1: He like lowered his heartbeat so much. And um, I 635 00:38:52,440 --> 00:38:54,800 Speaker 1: haven't seen I've seen it mentioned here there or whatever, 636 00:38:54,840 --> 00:38:57,319 Speaker 1: but I've not seen anybody say, well, this is how 637 00:38:57,360 --> 00:39:00,239 Speaker 1: he did it, or this is the trick. Um. It 638 00:39:00,280 --> 00:39:03,160 Speaker 1: seems to be one of those weird curiosities of science 639 00:39:03,239 --> 00:39:06,000 Speaker 1: that it's just kind of over there, you know what 640 00:39:06,040 --> 00:39:08,759 Speaker 1: I mean. I think I remember that. I'm like, that's incredible. 641 00:39:08,840 --> 00:39:11,480 Speaker 1: When I was a kid. No, oh yeah, remember that show. 642 00:39:12,160 --> 00:39:15,080 Speaker 1: I think I remember a piece on this dude. I 643 00:39:15,160 --> 00:39:17,040 Speaker 1: wouldn't be surprised if they did. You have his name, 644 00:39:18,080 --> 00:39:21,759 Speaker 1: Yogi Sachi Murty, different guy. There was another Yogi though 645 00:39:21,800 --> 00:39:24,960 Speaker 1: on that show, Yogi Bearra. No, he could do the 646 00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:29,239 Speaker 1: same thing right there on the bench. Da dugout? Uh? 647 00:39:29,239 --> 00:39:31,520 Speaker 1: Do we should we talk about the hydrogen sulfide real quick? 648 00:39:32,520 --> 00:39:35,919 Speaker 1: There's a cell biologist named Mark Roth at the Fred 649 00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:42,160 Speaker 1: Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and cl and UM. In two 650 00:39:42,239 --> 00:39:45,440 Speaker 1: thousand five, there was a big experiment where uh, scientists 651 00:39:45,440 --> 00:39:50,920 Speaker 1: induced hibernation and lab mice by giving them h hydrogen 652 00:39:50,920 --> 00:39:55,080 Speaker 1: sulfide gas and apparently it shut down there. It really 653 00:39:55,120 --> 00:39:59,000 Speaker 1: induced hibernation, the body temperature, shut down their metabolic processes, 654 00:39:59,640 --> 00:40:02,040 Speaker 1: and then they gave them normal air and then they 655 00:40:02,040 --> 00:40:04,920 Speaker 1: were fine again. And they're thinking they're they're trying it 656 00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:08,080 Speaker 1: now on roundworms, which apparently we have the same reaction 657 00:40:08,719 --> 00:40:13,160 Speaker 1: humans do. What's it called nitrogen sulfide The effect? Oh yeah, 658 00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:15,399 Speaker 1: it's like that initial not it's kind of like, you know, 659 00:40:15,880 --> 00:40:18,800 Speaker 1: gas somebody and it knocks them out. Uh. And they're 660 00:40:18,840 --> 00:40:22,160 Speaker 1: doing experiments that they think that might be the key 661 00:40:22,280 --> 00:40:26,000 Speaker 1: to inducing this in humans, whether for space travel or 662 00:40:27,680 --> 00:40:29,239 Speaker 1: I think what was one of the other things they 663 00:40:29,239 --> 00:40:32,960 Speaker 1: said it would be good for is um oregan transplants, right, 664 00:40:33,200 --> 00:40:38,080 Speaker 1: that's it, And by that I meant Oregon, not Oregon transplants. Yeah, 665 00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:42,560 Speaker 1: and people moving from northern California. Um. I think they 666 00:40:42,600 --> 00:40:46,480 Speaker 1: mentioned something too about people in vegetative states. Uh, they 667 00:40:46,560 --> 00:40:49,719 Speaker 1: could help them out if they're if they kind of 668 00:40:49,719 --> 00:40:54,680 Speaker 1: shut their metabolic functioning down while they wait for a 669 00:40:54,680 --> 00:40:56,759 Speaker 1: cure or something. I'm not sure. The thing I saw 670 00:40:56,800 --> 00:41:00,880 Speaker 1: about the that gas was that if you main exposed 671 00:41:00,920 --> 00:41:04,000 Speaker 1: to it, you die, which I guess is like some 672 00:41:04,040 --> 00:41:07,760 Speaker 1: sort of like inert gas asphyxiation. But it seemed different 673 00:41:07,800 --> 00:41:10,839 Speaker 1: than that, Like, I don't know why that would mean 674 00:41:10,840 --> 00:41:14,680 Speaker 1: that it showed promise for hibernation. Maybe if, like you, 675 00:41:14,680 --> 00:41:17,239 Speaker 1: you expose somebody to it and then let off a 676 00:41:17,320 --> 00:41:19,080 Speaker 1: little bit, and then expose them to it and let 677 00:41:19,120 --> 00:41:21,520 Speaker 1: off that you could keep it up like that. Yea, 678 00:41:21,719 --> 00:41:24,640 Speaker 1: like a good dentist. We'll go, we'll go run our 679 00:41:24,680 --> 00:41:29,080 Speaker 1: own experiments after this. If you want to know more 680 00:41:29,239 --> 00:41:31,840 Speaker 1: about hibernation, you can tape that word in the search 681 00:41:31,880 --> 00:41:33,920 Speaker 1: bar and they'll bring up this article, which is a 682 00:41:33,920 --> 00:41:38,080 Speaker 1: grabster article. Oh, that's right, yeah, marcro quality. Uh. And 683 00:41:38,120 --> 00:41:40,279 Speaker 1: since I said grabs there, it's time for listener mail. 684 00:41:42,680 --> 00:41:46,279 Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this wine growing. Hey, guys, enjoyed the 685 00:41:46,320 --> 00:41:48,680 Speaker 1: episode on ice ages and commend you on your ability 686 00:41:48,719 --> 00:41:52,759 Speaker 1: to once again distill a complicated subject into an informative 687 00:41:52,880 --> 00:41:58,160 Speaker 1: entertainment piece. That's what we do. As a quick note 688 00:41:58,160 --> 00:42:01,280 Speaker 1: from the wine industry, we often and I often personally 689 00:42:01,320 --> 00:42:04,840 Speaker 1: prefer the term wine growing. You broke you both chuckled 690 00:42:04,880 --> 00:42:07,600 Speaker 1: at the phrase in the episode, but actually conveys the 691 00:42:07,680 --> 00:42:11,080 Speaker 1: job better than anything else. Grapes grown for wine are 692 00:42:11,160 --> 00:42:14,040 Speaker 1: generally different varieties held to different standards than grapes grown 693 00:42:14,080 --> 00:42:18,120 Speaker 1: for eating or juice production. Berries are smaller, contain less juice, 694 00:42:18,239 --> 00:42:21,520 Speaker 1: more acid and sugar, and have bitter skins and seeds, 695 00:42:21,520 --> 00:42:24,000 Speaker 1: which make them less appetizing than the grapes you find 696 00:42:24,000 --> 00:42:26,000 Speaker 1: in the supermarket. The piece are the qualities that make 697 00:42:26,040 --> 00:42:29,279 Speaker 1: good wine. In fact, many professional associations in the wine 698 00:42:29,280 --> 00:42:32,600 Speaker 1: industry refer to themselves as wine growers. Unfortunately, the vines 699 00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:34,640 Speaker 1: don't grow and finished bottles wine is made there in 700 00:42:34,680 --> 00:42:38,160 Speaker 1: the vineyard, though the goal is to bring out the 701 00:42:38,200 --> 00:42:40,800 Speaker 1: best in the fruit once it is inside the winery. 702 00:42:41,200 --> 00:42:42,719 Speaker 1: I keep up the good work. I encourage you to 703 00:42:42,760 --> 00:42:45,839 Speaker 1: try some of the wines from around Delanaga, Georgia. Great 704 00:42:45,840 --> 00:42:47,799 Speaker 1: wine is made everywhere. You may be surprised. What is 705 00:42:47,840 --> 00:42:52,879 Speaker 1: just down the road, Steve, Steve, Steve, send us some wine. Yeah, man, 706 00:42:52,960 --> 00:42:55,520 Speaker 1: that's how we try some wine. I'm in the wine industry. 707 00:42:55,600 --> 00:42:58,759 Speaker 1: Go try someone send us some wine. Yes, Steve, I 708 00:42:58,800 --> 00:43:03,080 Speaker 1: like big beefy red full bodied reds, dry whites. What 709 00:43:03,120 --> 00:43:07,680 Speaker 1: do you like? I love Rose's, Okay, I like uh reds. 710 00:43:07,719 --> 00:43:12,200 Speaker 1: I guess fruity reds like z Infandel's and Sara's um 711 00:43:12,320 --> 00:43:16,720 Speaker 1: and uh, I'm cool with any white's red champagne to Steve, 712 00:43:17,719 --> 00:43:20,000 Speaker 1: or any kind of sparkling wine I should say. Yeah. 713 00:43:20,840 --> 00:43:24,000 Speaker 1: I recommend to you and others out there to watch 714 00:43:24,040 --> 00:43:27,440 Speaker 1: this great documentary. Did you see PSALM, the original s 715 00:43:27,480 --> 00:43:32,520 Speaker 1: O M M documentary about the Somalia Master Somalia testing process. 716 00:43:32,920 --> 00:43:35,840 Speaker 1: It was good. Uh. There's a sequel now from the 717 00:43:35,840 --> 00:43:39,279 Speaker 1: same makers called Some Inside the Bottle, where it's just 718 00:43:39,360 --> 00:43:43,040 Speaker 1: a look at wine. There are ten different topics they 719 00:43:43,080 --> 00:43:46,040 Speaker 1: cover about the wine in the wine industry, and it's 720 00:43:46,120 --> 00:43:49,200 Speaker 1: really really good. I'll check that one up. Yeah, you 721 00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:53,080 Speaker 1: can learn a lot from it. Okay, it'll make you thirsty. 722 00:43:53,280 --> 00:43:55,120 Speaker 1: We need to do a whole episode on wine. We 723 00:43:55,160 --> 00:43:57,200 Speaker 1: still have yet to do. Yeah. Emily asked me that 724 00:43:57,239 --> 00:43:58,600 Speaker 1: when we were watching it, She's like, have you not 725 00:43:58,640 --> 00:44:00,759 Speaker 1: done this yet? And I said, that's one I might 726 00:44:00,840 --> 00:44:04,960 Speaker 1: be most afraid of. Period. Oh yeah, worse than soccer 727 00:44:06,040 --> 00:44:08,960 Speaker 1: chess what we did soccer and chess. I'm more intimidated 728 00:44:09,000 --> 00:44:11,279 Speaker 1: by the wine podcast because it cares so much about 729 00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:14,319 Speaker 1: it and you could do a you could have a 730 00:44:14,360 --> 00:44:18,640 Speaker 1: podcast series on wine would be yeah, there are plenty 731 00:44:18,719 --> 00:44:21,960 Speaker 1: so it would be tough to sum it up. Do this. 732 00:44:23,719 --> 00:44:28,120 Speaker 1: We'll do it. We're doing wine, all right, it'll be great, Chuck, 733 00:44:28,200 --> 00:44:31,600 Speaker 1: you'll love it so scared. Uh. If you want to 734 00:44:31,600 --> 00:44:33,799 Speaker 1: get in touch with us again, you can hang out 735 00:44:33,840 --> 00:44:37,400 Speaker 1: with me on Twitter at Josh Underscore, UM Underscore Clark. 736 00:44:37,840 --> 00:44:39,520 Speaker 1: You can also hang out with Stuff you Should Know 737 00:44:39,600 --> 00:44:42,160 Speaker 1: in general at s Y s K podcast. You can 738 00:44:42,200 --> 00:44:45,200 Speaker 1: hang out with Chuck on Facebook at Charles W. Chuck Bryant. 739 00:44:45,440 --> 00:44:47,439 Speaker 1: You can hang out with Stuff you Should Know on 740 00:44:47,440 --> 00:44:50,799 Speaker 1: Facebook at Facebook dot com slash Stuff you Should Know UM. 741 00:44:50,920 --> 00:44:54,239 Speaker 1: You can send us an email to Stuff Podcast at 742 00:44:54,239 --> 00:44:57,279 Speaker 1: how stuff Works dot com uh and, as always, hang 743 00:44:57,280 --> 00:44:59,080 Speaker 1: out with us at our home on the web Stuff 744 00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:06,319 Speaker 1: you Should Know dot com. For more on this and 745 00:45:06,400 --> 00:45:16,400 Speaker 1: thousands of other topics, visit how stuff Works dot com.