WEBVTT - How to Experience the Joy of Giving Right Now

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<v Speaker 1>Pushkin. Hello and welcome to a special edition of the

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<v Speaker 1>Happiness Lab podcast. I hope all my listeners who celebrate

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<v Speaker 1>had a happy Thanksgiving. But the day I really look

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<v Speaker 1>forward to each November is the Tuesday after Thanksgiving. Forget

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<v Speaker 1>Black Friday and Cyber Monday, my holiday of choice is

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<v Speaker 1>Giving Tuesday. Giving Tuesday is the global holiday of charitable

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<v Speaker 1>giving that falls right in the midst of our shopping frenzy,

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<v Speaker 1>a day that's not about commerce but compassion. Here at

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<v Speaker 1>the Happiness Lab, we tend to make a big deal

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<v Speaker 1>out of Giving Tuesday. Every year, we share a special

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<v Speaker 1>episode that explores why doing good for others is super

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<v Speaker 1>good for our own happiness. We also like to give

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<v Speaker 1>our listeners a chance to team up and donate to

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<v Speaker 1>a charitable cause that really does good in the world.

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<v Speaker 1>For the past few years, that charity has been given Directly,

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<v Speaker 1>a nonprofit that takes your cash and gives it directly

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<v Speaker 1>to people in extreme poverty to spend as they see fit.

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<v Speaker 1>But this year we are going even bigger. We're bringing

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<v Speaker 1>together the fans of some of my favorite podcasts to

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<v Speaker 1>raise even more money to fight poverty. Think ten Percent

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<v Speaker 1>Happier with Dan Harris on Purpose with Jayshetty, Revisionist History,

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<v Speaker 1>Hidden Brain, How to Be a Better Human, and dozens more.

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<v Speaker 1>The campaign even has its own hashtag, Pods Fight Poverty.

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<v Speaker 1>Pods Fight Poverty is trying to raise a million dollars

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<v Speaker 1>this year, enough money to lift several villages in Rwanda

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<v Speaker 1>out of extreme poverty. If you want to help, had

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<v Speaker 1>to give directly dot org slash happiness Lab. To donate

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<v Speaker 1>what you can, let's GiveDirectly dot org slash happiness Lab.

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<v Speaker 1>If you're a fan of this show, you've probably already

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<v Speaker 1>heard about the great things GiB directly can do with

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<v Speaker 1>a small donation from a listener like you. Take the

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<v Speaker 1>great work we did earlier this year in collaboration with

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<v Speaker 1>author and YouTube star John Green, John and I asked

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<v Speaker 1>you to partner up with GiB direct to tackle the

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<v Speaker 1>deadly disease tuberculosis.

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<v Speaker 2>Tuberculosis is an airborne disease that usually affects the lungs.

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<v Speaker 2>If left untreated, tuberculosis usually does result in death. Fortunately,

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<v Speaker 2>since the nineteen fifties, we've had a cure for tuberculosis.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a bacterial infection, so the curious antibiotics given every

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<v Speaker 2>day over four to six months.

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<v Speaker 1>The problem is that many people with TB live in

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<v Speaker 1>parts of the world where they can't afford these life

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<v Speaker 1>saving drugs. So John and I asked our listeners to

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<v Speaker 1>help out. With lots of small donations of five or

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<v Speaker 1>ten bucks, we raised over one hundred thousand dollars to

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<v Speaker 1>fight this disease. That's incredible, right, But what's even more

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<v Speaker 1>incredible are the stories we heard about what this money

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<v Speaker 1>did for people living with the disease. Take one recipient, Margaret,

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<v Speaker 1>a thirty year old TB patient living in Malawi. Margaret's

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<v Speaker 1>TB could have easily been cured with a simple antibiotic,

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<v Speaker 1>but lacking the resources to get treatment, she eventually got

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<v Speaker 1>sicker and sicker. That is until she received the cash

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<v Speaker 1>donation we provided through gibdirectly. With that small amount of money,

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<v Speaker 1>she was able to pay for the bicycle taxi she

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<v Speaker 1>needed to travel to a far off clinic where she

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<v Speaker 1>was able to finally start her drug treatment. I was

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<v Speaker 1>overjoyed when I received the cash transfer, Margaret wrote in

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<v Speaker 1>her thank you letter to our listeners. It felt like

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<v Speaker 1>my life had been given a second chance. I have

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<v Speaker 1>hope again. Months later, I still think back to Margaret's story.

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<v Speaker 1>Whenever I'm having a crappy day, taking a moment to

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<v Speaker 1>remember what the five or ten bucks we collectively shared

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<v Speaker 1>did not just for Margaret, but for hundreds of other

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<v Speaker 1>people who were struggling. That feels amazing, Probably more amazing

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<v Speaker 1>than any material gift I'll be getting this holiday season.

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<v Speaker 1>That good feeling is what the rest of this episode

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<v Speaker 1>is about. With the help of some amazing fellow podcasters,

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<v Speaker 1>I'm going to explore the enormous psychological power of giving

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<v Speaker 1>and receiving. We'll see how small acts of kindness, a

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<v Speaker 1>spare bit of cash, or a tiny gesture of care

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<v Speaker 1>can create huge ripples in a person's life. I want

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<v Speaker 1>these stories to serve as a reminder for something lying

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<v Speaker 1>minds often forget that a great way to treat ourselves

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<v Speaker 1>is to do a small bit of good for somebody else.

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<v Speaker 1>To kick off these stories of how doing good can

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<v Speaker 1>make us feel good, let's look at how receiving an

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<v Speaker 1>act of kindness can change us. And we'll do that

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<v Speaker 1>with my first esteemed podcast host guest.

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<v Speaker 3>Hi, my name's Tim Harford, and I am the host

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<v Speaker 3>of Cautionary Tales.

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<v Speaker 1>Tim is a respected journalist and economist, but his story

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<v Speaker 1>of being the recipient of kindness goes back to a

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<v Speaker 1>time before he found fame working for the BBC or

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<v Speaker 1>hosting cautionary tales.

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<v Speaker 3>This story took place nearly a quarter of a century ago.

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<v Speaker 3>I was visiting a friend in Cameroon, which is in

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<v Speaker 3>West Africa, very poor part of the world. I was

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<v Speaker 3>in my mid twenties, and I was on edge because

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<v Speaker 3>you Cameroon was at the time rated as one of

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<v Speaker 3>the most corrupt countries in the world, and corrupt or not,

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<v Speaker 3>people there were often really desperate. As a tourist feel

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<v Speaker 3>like you're a target, and so I was always on

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<v Speaker 3>the lookout. I had just had this sort of suspicion.

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<v Speaker 3>I went around my travels around Cameroon. I had a

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<v Speaker 3>great time, was treated wonderfully by everybody I met, but

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<v Speaker 3>I never lost that feeling of you need to be careful.

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<v Speaker 3>Then one day I was standing by the roadside in

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<v Speaker 3>a smallish town called the Menda with a couple of

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<v Speaker 3>western friends, and I think we were waiting for a bus,

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<v Speaker 3>just bought some egg and chips. We're having a good time,

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<v Speaker 3>and we've just walked across country several miles on this

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<v Speaker 3>dust road, and as we're waiting, a couple of guys

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<v Speaker 3>zoom up behind us on a motorbike. Two guys on

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<v Speaker 3>one motorbike. I turned around, expecting some threat, and they

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<v Speaker 3>stopped right in front of me and one of them

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<v Speaker 3>just hands me something and I looked down at it

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<v Speaker 3>is this, and it's a passport. In fact, it's my passport.

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<v Speaker 3>I mean, I'm completely bewildered. Why is this guy giving

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<v Speaker 3>me my own passport? And of course I realized what's

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<v Speaker 3>happened is the passport was in my back pocket and

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<v Speaker 3>I've sat down by the roadside miles back and the

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<v Speaker 3>passport must have fallen out, and these guys have driven

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<v Speaker 3>along this road on the motorbike. They've spotted a British passport,

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<v Speaker 3>and they have gone all the way down the road

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<v Speaker 3>looking for the first guy they see who looks British,

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<v Speaker 3>which is me. They even got my photo with my passport,

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<v Speaker 3>and the amazing thing was they handed it over and

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<v Speaker 3>then they just drove off. They weren't They didn't sort

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<v Speaker 3>of stand around waiting for a tip or reward or

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<v Speaker 3>even really a thank so it was just you know,

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<v Speaker 3>there you go. I thought you might need this, and

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<v Speaker 3>off they went, and I realized that this suspicion which

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<v Speaker 3>with which I've been viewing everybody, had been so much

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<v Speaker 3>the opposite of how these guys had actually behaved. I mean,

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<v Speaker 3>I would have been even more grateful if I had

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<v Speaker 3>had a moment to realize they even had a problem,

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<v Speaker 3>because if I had been stuck in Cameroon without my passport,

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<v Speaker 3>that's a big problem that's going to cause me a

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<v Speaker 3>lot of headaches. But they had solved the problem before

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<v Speaker 3>I even realized they'd solved the problem. They had completely

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<v Speaker 3>defied my rather uncharitable expectations of the people of Cameroon,

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<v Speaker 3>and they're driven off into the sunset without even waiting

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<v Speaker 3>for a thank you.

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<v Speaker 1>It also seems like they did a lot of work,

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<v Speaker 1>Like it sounds like they were like chasing you as

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<v Speaker 1>you're walking around all through the day to try to

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<v Speaker 1>find you too.

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<v Speaker 3>Probably they came a couple of miles on the motorbike.

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<v Speaker 3>I mean it was probably ten or fifteen minutes. Maybe

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<v Speaker 3>I don't know at all really how much work they did,

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<v Speaker 3>But all I know is that they did it, And

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<v Speaker 3>they could easily have taken that passport and thought, well,

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<v Speaker 3>maybe maybe we can turn this into cash somehow, or

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<v Speaker 3>even just maybe we can try and get a tip

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<v Speaker 3>out of this guy.

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<v Speaker 1>Or just left it on the ground, like oh, well,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, I don't know this guy.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, yeah, there's someone else's problem. Yeah, just ignored it.

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<v Speaker 3>But they didn't that story.

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<v Speaker 1>But it also points out how like so many of

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<v Speaker 1>our societies are probably much more high trust societies than

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<v Speaker 1>we assume. Like so many people are out there doing

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<v Speaker 1>better things that we think, but I think we have

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<v Speaker 1>minds that assume people are kind of mistrusting. I actually, unfortunately, Tim,

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<v Speaker 1>I actually blame the economists on this a little bit

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<v Speaker 1>because I feel like, at least.

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<v Speaker 3>All fine, yeah, sure we kick the economists.

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<v Speaker 1>I mean, at least the standard economists have been telling

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<v Speaker 1>us for a long time that you know, we are

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<v Speaker 1>home economic as we are these selfish beings who are

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<v Speaker 1>going to go out.

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<v Speaker 4>You know.

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<v Speaker 1>So maybe the folks who returned your passport would do

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<v Speaker 1>it if they thought they could get you know, some

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<v Speaker 1>cash off you, or they you know, maybe they get

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<v Speaker 1>some huge reputational benefits. Someone saw them do it and

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<v Speaker 1>that you know, now they kind of like praising them

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<v Speaker 1>and so on. But they wouldn't just do it, just

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<v Speaker 1>for the good of doing it well, I mean, let.

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<v Speaker 3>Me push back a little bit. Let me push back

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<v Speaker 3>a little bit and defend my fellow economists. So the

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<v Speaker 3>classic economic model, all it says is that people have

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<v Speaker 3>consistent preferences, and it's kind of convenient to assume that

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<v Speaker 3>those preferences are about consumption, Like you're trying to spend

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<v Speaker 3>as little money as possible and get as much stuff

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<v Speaker 3>as possible for that money. It doesn't have to be

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<v Speaker 3>you could and I've I've seen some beautiful economic models

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<v Speaker 3>written where actually, my pleasure is completely dependent on your pleasure, Laurie,

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<v Speaker 3>Like the happier I can just see the glow in

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<v Speaker 3>your eyes. I know how happy you are, and the

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<v Speaker 3>happier you are, the happier that makes me. There's nothing

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<v Speaker 3>in conventional economics that makes that impossible. We tend not

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<v Speaker 3>to make that assumption because it's kind of why would you,

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<v Speaker 3>And so we simplify and we talk about the purchase

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<v Speaker 3>of goods and services and we ignore the altruistic bit.

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<v Speaker 3>There's nothing in classical economics that says people can't be altruistic.

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<v Speaker 3>We I think just haven't paid enough attention to that possibility.

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<v Speaker 3>And because we don't pay attention to the possibility. We

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<v Speaker 3>just set it to one side.

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<v Speaker 1>Are you surprised that we don't think of kind actions

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<v Speaker 1>as as valuable as impactful as they often are?

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<v Speaker 3>If I can just be a kind of amateur evolutionary

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<v Speaker 3>psychologist for a moment, I suppose you might naturally think

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<v Speaker 3>that we had evolved to be a little bit more

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<v Speaker 3>suspicious of people, particularly of strangers, because you know, it's

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<v Speaker 3>bad to have someone take advantage of you. But actually,

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<v Speaker 3>of course we evolved to be to be social beings,

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<v Speaker 3>and maybe we shouldn't be so surprised that people often

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<v Speaker 3>behave kindly to each other. I mean, I am aware

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<v Speaker 3>of some research in psychology. All know this kind of

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<v Speaker 3>work better than me, Laurie, But we often failed to generalize,

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<v Speaker 3>Like we think, oh, if I found a wallet with

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<v Speaker 3>like a driving license in it, then you know I'd

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<v Speaker 3>contact the owner or I'd hand it into the police station. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 3>of course That's what I'd do. But then you ask people,

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<v Speaker 3>You ask if other people would do that, and we think, oh, no,

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<v Speaker 3>other people would wouldn't do that. And it's not like

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<v Speaker 3>we think we're better than other people. It's just that

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<v Speaker 3>the two questions don't even overlap. It's almost as that

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<v Speaker 3>we've got a different circuit in our brain reflecting on

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<v Speaker 3>how we would behave or reflecting on how we think

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<v Speaker 3>somebody else will behave.

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<v Speaker 1>And this is a challenge for the organization that we've

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<v Speaker 1>been working with give directly. Their philosophy is like, we're

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<v Speaker 1>just going to give people money directly and let them

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<v Speaker 1>do with it what they want. That people in need

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<v Speaker 1>have the best ideas about how to spend their money

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<v Speaker 1>to make their situation better. But a lot of the

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<v Speaker 1>folks who are thinking about giving to give directly often

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<v Speaker 1>have the following problem, which is like, are people really

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<v Speaker 1>going to know what to do with the money? Are

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<v Speaker 1>they going to do something bad? Are they going to

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<v Speaker 1>buy something frivolous or something like that. It seems like

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<v Speaker 1>people just don't trust people to make the best decisions,

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<v Speaker 1>And I feel like this is part of the same

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<v Speaker 1>kind of bias we have as undercover economists. How do

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<v Speaker 1>you think of this bias and where what are we

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<v Speaker 1>doing wrong?

0:11:39.236 --> 0:11:41.716
<v Speaker 3>Give the economists some credit. We definitely trust people to

0:11:41.756 --> 0:11:45.716
<v Speaker 3>make decisions in their own interests. There are cases where

0:11:45.716 --> 0:11:49.156
<v Speaker 3>you might go, look, the money is only useful if

0:11:49.196 --> 0:11:52.796
<v Speaker 3>it's coordinated, So actually, what this village really needs is

0:11:52.836 --> 0:11:56.436
<v Speaker 3>a bridge or a well. But in general, people are

0:11:56.516 --> 0:11:59.036
<v Speaker 3>going to be good stewards of their own money, and

0:11:59.076 --> 0:12:01.396
<v Speaker 3>they're going to be good judges of how to spend

0:12:01.396 --> 0:12:05.036
<v Speaker 3>that money because there's so much they know about their situation,

0:12:05.756 --> 0:12:09.876
<v Speaker 3>about the context, and about their own ambitions that nobody

0:12:09.916 --> 0:12:11.996
<v Speaker 3>else can know. And if you give them money, then

0:12:12.036 --> 0:12:15.676
<v Speaker 3>you're putting them in the best possible position to take

0:12:15.716 --> 0:12:19.076
<v Speaker 3>advantage of their own context and to fulfill their own ambitions.

0:12:19.436 --> 0:12:23.836
<v Speaker 3>We're sort of trained to believe that if somebody really

0:12:23.876 --> 0:12:28.356
<v Speaker 3>needs a handout, that must be because they lack judgment,

0:12:28.396 --> 0:12:31.036
<v Speaker 3>that they have made many poor decisions in the past,

0:12:31.036 --> 0:12:35.596
<v Speaker 3>otherwise they wouldn't need a handout. But in somewhere like Cameroon,

0:12:36.556 --> 0:12:38.996
<v Speaker 3>it's definitely not true. There are lots and lots of

0:12:38.996 --> 0:12:43.116
<v Speaker 3>people in really difficult situations in many countries in the world,

0:12:43.236 --> 0:12:46.596
<v Speaker 3>and absolutely not because of any bad decisions that they

0:12:46.636 --> 0:12:49.196
<v Speaker 3>themselves have made. So I think we need to shake

0:12:49.236 --> 0:12:51.716
<v Speaker 3>off this idea that if someone needs if someone needs

0:12:51.716 --> 0:12:55.276
<v Speaker 3>a handout, then by definition they can't be trusted with

0:12:55.396 --> 0:12:57.716
<v Speaker 3>the handout. We've kind we've got to break out of

0:12:57.756 --> 0:12:58.836
<v Speaker 3>that because that's just nonsense.

0:12:59.236 --> 0:13:02.156
<v Speaker 1>So even an economist says that giving is good for us.

0:13:02.676 --> 0:13:04.956
<v Speaker 1>If you want to put that advice into effect right away,

0:13:05.196 --> 0:13:08.236
<v Speaker 1>then consider giving to the Pods Fight Poverty campaign, Just

0:13:08.276 --> 0:13:12.116
<v Speaker 1>go to Give Directly or slash Happiness Lab. The next

0:13:12.116 --> 0:13:14.556
<v Speaker 1>podcaster to share a story on the power of giving

0:13:14.916 --> 0:13:16.356
<v Speaker 1>is an old friend of the show.

0:13:16.676 --> 0:13:18.156
<v Speaker 4>First of all, it's great to see you again.

0:13:19.476 --> 0:13:23.756
<v Speaker 1>A minute and hes yeah. Army veteran JR. Martinez was

0:13:23.796 --> 0:13:26.476
<v Speaker 1>badly wounded in Iraq when the humpy he was driving

0:13:26.596 --> 0:13:30.956
<v Speaker 1>hit a roadside bomb. Forced to end his military service, Jr.

0:13:31.116 --> 0:13:34.716
<v Speaker 1>Entered a dark chapter, but he eventually fought back, building

0:13:34.756 --> 0:13:37.676
<v Speaker 1>a series of new careers, first as a TV actor,

0:13:38.036 --> 0:13:40.916
<v Speaker 1>then as a Dancing with the Stars champion, and finally

0:13:40.956 --> 0:13:44.876
<v Speaker 1>as the host of the inspiring podcast Medal of Honor. Jr.

0:13:44.996 --> 0:13:47.116
<v Speaker 1>Is a big fan of giving back. He's done an

0:13:47.156 --> 0:13:50.316
<v Speaker 1>incredible amount of service for the veteran community. But today

0:13:50.476 --> 0:13:52.716
<v Speaker 1>he asked to share a story not of giving, but

0:13:52.756 --> 0:13:56.596
<v Speaker 1>of receiving, specifically of receiving a life changing gift that

0:13:56.676 --> 0:13:58.236
<v Speaker 1>he didn't even know he needed.

0:13:58.676 --> 0:14:02.676
<v Speaker 5>In two thousand and nine, I was asked to do

0:14:02.796 --> 0:14:06.556
<v Speaker 5>the auction for a veteran's golf outing and it was

0:14:06.596 --> 0:14:09.476
<v Speaker 5>going to benefit a nonprofit set up to help you know,

0:14:09.596 --> 0:14:12.196
<v Speaker 5>service members and their families. And immediately I was like,

0:14:12.236 --> 0:14:14.676
<v Speaker 5>of course, now I'm not an auctioneer, but I'm sure

0:14:14.716 --> 0:14:16.636
<v Speaker 5>I'll get up there and you know, try to do

0:14:16.676 --> 0:14:19.036
<v Speaker 5>my best. And I was like, well, what are some

0:14:19.036 --> 0:14:21.556
<v Speaker 5>of the auction items? And they said this, this, this, this,

0:14:21.916 --> 0:14:25.036
<v Speaker 5>and a puppy And so they bring out the puppy.

0:14:25.236 --> 0:14:28.996
<v Speaker 5>He's eight weeks old black lab and I hold him

0:14:29.436 --> 0:14:34.716
<v Speaker 5>and I feel this like connection. I'm financially going through

0:14:35.356 --> 0:14:39.996
<v Speaker 5>my budget as a you know, twenty seven year old

0:14:40.036 --> 0:14:43.116
<v Speaker 5>of like, how much could I bid on this puppy?

0:14:43.196 --> 0:14:44.996
<v Speaker 5>The max was like I could probably do like six

0:14:45.116 --> 0:14:48.756
<v Speaker 5>hundred bucks, like that's the absolute max. So we get

0:14:48.756 --> 0:14:52.076
<v Speaker 5>there and immediately like that number has surpassed, Like it

0:14:52.156 --> 0:14:54.596
<v Speaker 5>We're not sex hundred. That number has moved on. And

0:14:54.636 --> 0:14:58.436
<v Speaker 5>so I'm holding the next auction item, this quilt, and

0:14:58.516 --> 0:15:02.316
<v Speaker 5>I'm ready to move it along, and a lady raises

0:15:02.356 --> 0:15:05.556
<v Speaker 5>her hand that bitted on the dog and says, may

0:15:05.596 --> 0:15:08.196
<v Speaker 5>I say something? So we're like, of course, So she

0:15:08.276 --> 0:15:10.716
<v Speaker 5>comes up to the state. She says, we love animals,

0:15:10.716 --> 0:15:13.516
<v Speaker 5>we love dogs. We love this dog, we love this cause,

0:15:14.116 --> 0:15:17.196
<v Speaker 5>but unfortunately we have you know, pets at home, so

0:15:17.316 --> 0:15:19.796
<v Speaker 5>there's no room for this sweet dog at our house.

0:15:20.476 --> 0:15:21.756
<v Speaker 4>And she says, so we.

0:15:21.676 --> 0:15:24.316
<v Speaker 5>Want to give them give him to j R. And

0:15:24.396 --> 0:15:27.196
<v Speaker 5>I'm like that quill, like I'm just like now using

0:15:27.276 --> 0:15:30.596
<v Speaker 5>it to like wipe all the tears and the snot

0:15:30.636 --> 0:15:31.156
<v Speaker 5>and everything.

0:15:31.196 --> 0:15:32.036
<v Speaker 1>And I'm in shock.

0:15:32.676 --> 0:15:35.676
<v Speaker 5>I was still going through my stages of you know,

0:15:35.836 --> 0:15:38.516
<v Speaker 5>like I was mad and I was navigating a lot

0:15:38.516 --> 0:15:43.116
<v Speaker 5>of emotional things and they give him to me and

0:15:43.276 --> 0:15:47.476
<v Speaker 5>I take him home and Laurie, I mean, he helped

0:15:47.516 --> 0:15:50.356
<v Speaker 5>me heal and he was my he was my companion

0:15:50.396 --> 0:15:54.156
<v Speaker 5>in all these stages of life that I navigated, and

0:15:54.236 --> 0:15:57.636
<v Speaker 5>I'm just forever like grateful And every time I would

0:15:57.676 --> 0:16:01.476
<v Speaker 5>see the couple that that did that gesture for me,

0:16:02.276 --> 0:16:04.116
<v Speaker 5>I mean, as you can imagine, I always felt forever

0:16:04.196 --> 0:16:06.996
<v Speaker 5>indebted to them because of you know, what they gave

0:16:07.036 --> 0:16:09.796
<v Speaker 5>to me and the gift they gave to me. And

0:16:10.036 --> 0:16:12.396
<v Speaker 5>when he passed, it was one of the hardest things

0:16:12.436 --> 0:16:13.876
<v Speaker 5>that I've experienced in my life.

0:16:13.996 --> 0:16:15.356
<v Speaker 1>What was his name, Romeo?

0:16:16.596 --> 0:16:21.356
<v Speaker 5>And I remember like I named him Warrior because I

0:16:21.396 --> 0:16:23.596
<v Speaker 5>was like, well, it's for wounded warriors. You know, this

0:16:23.676 --> 0:16:25.996
<v Speaker 5>is the you know, the mid twenties kid, you know

0:16:26.196 --> 0:16:29.316
<v Speaker 5>guy naming the dog, you know, And I was like, warrior, Yeah,

0:16:29.316 --> 0:16:30.636
<v Speaker 5>you're a warrior. Then I was like, what am I

0:16:30.636 --> 0:16:31.236
<v Speaker 5>going to call you for?

0:16:31.316 --> 0:16:31.916
<v Speaker 1>Short war?

0:16:32.036 --> 0:16:34.756
<v Speaker 5>And I was like, well, I don't know. I started

0:16:34.796 --> 0:16:36.916
<v Speaker 5>noticing this pattern where people would see him and they

0:16:36.916 --> 0:16:40.676
<v Speaker 5>would just like gravitate to him, and I was like, ah,

0:16:40.756 --> 0:16:44.436
<v Speaker 5>you're no warrior, You're a Romeo. And every time I

0:16:44.436 --> 0:16:46.516
<v Speaker 5>would look at him, no matter what stage of life

0:16:46.556 --> 0:16:51.476
<v Speaker 5>that I was in, his look just always reminded me

0:16:51.516 --> 0:16:54.036
<v Speaker 5>to just be just to be present, just to be

0:16:54.596 --> 0:16:57.596
<v Speaker 5>with him, just to be with the environment. Can't tell

0:16:57.636 --> 0:16:58.996
<v Speaker 5>you how many times I would take him to the

0:16:59.036 --> 0:17:01.556
<v Speaker 5>park and we would just sit at the park, just

0:17:01.596 --> 0:17:02.036
<v Speaker 5>he and I.

0:17:02.316 --> 0:17:04.396
<v Speaker 1>It also seemed like you didn't realize at that moment

0:17:04.436 --> 0:17:06.796
<v Speaker 1>that you really needed this kind gift, but then when

0:17:06.796 --> 0:17:08.876
<v Speaker 1>it came in your life, it really changed it.

0:17:09.356 --> 0:17:12.676
<v Speaker 5>I had no clue. I had absolutely no clue that

0:17:12.716 --> 0:17:14.276
<v Speaker 5>this is what I needed. As much as I was

0:17:14.276 --> 0:17:17.156
<v Speaker 5>sitting here budgeting like how much can I realistically afford

0:17:17.236 --> 0:17:19.316
<v Speaker 5>to bid on this dog? I was then thinking about

0:17:19.556 --> 0:17:22.156
<v Speaker 5>my life is busy, I can't have a dog right now,

0:17:22.196 --> 0:17:24.076
<v Speaker 5>Like who's going to watch the dog for me when

0:17:24.116 --> 0:17:26.436
<v Speaker 5>I'm when I have to travel? There were all these

0:17:26.676 --> 0:17:29.876
<v Speaker 5>reasons why I also couldn't have one, and then the

0:17:29.996 --> 0:17:32.476
<v Speaker 5>universe said, this is what you need and gave it

0:17:32.516 --> 0:17:34.516
<v Speaker 5>to me. And guess what I figured it out.

0:17:34.716 --> 0:17:36.276
<v Speaker 1>I mean, I don't know how much folks ended up

0:17:36.316 --> 0:17:38.556
<v Speaker 1>spending on Romeo. It was clearly more than your six

0:17:38.636 --> 0:17:40.836
<v Speaker 1>hundred bucks that you're going to spend, you know, But

0:17:41.116 --> 0:17:43.956
<v Speaker 1>my guess is, whatever they spent, it actually wasn't as

0:17:44.076 --> 0:17:46.556
<v Speaker 1>much as you wound up getting out of Romeo. Like

0:17:46.596 --> 0:17:48.796
<v Speaker 1>the act of doing something nice for somebody has these

0:17:48.836 --> 0:17:51.836
<v Speaker 1>like incredible returns, like this huge return on investment that

0:17:51.876 --> 0:17:53.756
<v Speaker 1>we just don't often realize.

0:17:53.316 --> 0:17:54.116
<v Speaker 4>One hundred percent.

0:17:54.436 --> 0:17:57.996
<v Speaker 5>If Romeo was here today and someone offered five hundred

0:17:58.036 --> 0:18:00.836
<v Speaker 5>times more than what they spent, when I take it,

0:18:01.836 --> 0:18:06.956
<v Speaker 5>absolutely not, absolutely not. There is no price that I

0:18:06.956 --> 0:18:09.076
<v Speaker 5>can put on that gesture of what they did for me.

0:18:09.756 --> 0:18:12.996
<v Speaker 5>That's the place we got to operate from. Do give,

0:18:13.436 --> 0:18:16.116
<v Speaker 5>even if we never necessarily get to understand the full

0:18:16.316 --> 0:18:17.236
<v Speaker 5>impact that it had.

0:18:18.036 --> 0:18:20.036
<v Speaker 1>And if you want to follow Jr's advice to do

0:18:20.356 --> 0:18:22.756
<v Speaker 1>and to give then here's the url where you can

0:18:22.796 --> 0:18:26.676
<v Speaker 1>donate to the Pods Fight Poverty campaign. It's GiveDirectly dot

0:18:26.796 --> 0:18:30.196
<v Speaker 1>org slash Happiness Lab. It's time for a quick break,

0:18:30.396 --> 0:18:32.716
<v Speaker 1>but we'll return with the story of a world famous

0:18:32.756 --> 0:18:35.436
<v Speaker 1>author who carries cash for strangers in need and a

0:18:35.476 --> 0:18:38.116
<v Speaker 1>scientist who has seen the first hand benefits of an

0:18:38.196 --> 0:18:42.356
<v Speaker 1>unexpectedly kind word. The Happiness Lab special episode on the

0:18:42.396 --> 0:18:48.756
<v Speaker 1>power of giving will return in a moment. Welcome back

0:18:48.756 --> 0:18:52.476
<v Speaker 1>to the Happiness Lab Special Giving Tuesday episode. In the

0:18:52.476 --> 0:18:55.716
<v Speaker 1>spirit of my favorite charitable holiday, I'm chatting with my

0:18:55.756 --> 0:19:00.276
<v Speaker 1>favorite podcasters about their personal stories of generosity. Our goal

0:19:00.316 --> 0:19:02.276
<v Speaker 1>is to remind you that one of the quickest ways

0:19:02.276 --> 0:19:05.196
<v Speaker 1>to feel happier yourself is to give a little happiness

0:19:05.316 --> 0:19:08.716
<v Speaker 1>back to somebody else. Next up, we have Michael Lewis.

0:19:09.116 --> 0:19:11.716
<v Speaker 1>I'm best selling author of Moneyball and The blind Side

0:19:11.956 --> 0:19:14.876
<v Speaker 1>and host of the award winning podcast Against the Rules.

0:19:15.476 --> 0:19:17.876
<v Speaker 1>Michael wanted to share a new strategy he's been using

0:19:18.156 --> 0:19:20.316
<v Speaker 1>to make it as easy as possible for him to

0:19:20.356 --> 0:19:21.716
<v Speaker 1>do good for people in need.

0:19:22.356 --> 0:19:22.956
<v Speaker 6>I made a.

0:19:22.916 --> 0:19:26.436
<v Speaker 7>Decision to always carry a bunch of ten dollars bills

0:19:26.436 --> 0:19:29.476
<v Speaker 7>with me so that if I see anybody who asked

0:19:29.476 --> 0:19:32.636
<v Speaker 7>me for money, I just automatically give them ten dollars

0:19:33.116 --> 0:19:34.116
<v Speaker 7>people on the streets.

0:19:34.236 --> 0:19:36.156
<v Speaker 1>So I started doing it, and so how does it feel?

0:19:36.396 --> 0:19:40.676
<v Speaker 7>So it is completely true that when you give something

0:19:41.076 --> 0:19:42.716
<v Speaker 7>to someone else you feel good.

0:19:43.116 --> 0:19:43.956
<v Speaker 3>Totally feels good.

0:19:44.276 --> 0:19:47.316
<v Speaker 7>But years ago, when I was working on the blind

0:19:47.356 --> 0:19:50.996
<v Speaker 7>Side the Christian family, the dad and the family said

0:19:51.116 --> 0:19:54.156
<v Speaker 7>to me something in passing about giving that I've never

0:19:54.156 --> 0:19:56.076
<v Speaker 7>been able to get out of my head. When I

0:19:56.156 --> 0:19:58.116
<v Speaker 7>hit a little bump in my mind about giving, it's

0:19:58.116 --> 0:20:01.716
<v Speaker 7>a touchdown for me, and it's if it doesn't hurt

0:20:01.716 --> 0:20:04.116
<v Speaker 7>a little bit, you haven't given enough. I thought that

0:20:04.236 --> 0:20:07.356
<v Speaker 7>was a cool idea. And so you know, it's not

0:20:07.436 --> 0:20:09.916
<v Speaker 7>a natural act just to hand money over people. It

0:20:09.996 --> 0:20:14.396
<v Speaker 7>hurts the tiny bit. So that also is a reassuring feeling.

0:20:14.556 --> 0:20:16.116
<v Speaker 1>I bet each of those ten dollars bills that you

0:20:16.196 --> 0:20:19.076
<v Speaker 1>gave away, the benefit that came to you was way

0:20:19.116 --> 0:20:20.996
<v Speaker 1>more than ten bucks that you would have blown on

0:20:21.116 --> 0:20:22.716
<v Speaker 1>like two lattes or something silly.

0:20:22.876 --> 0:20:24.396
<v Speaker 7>So this has only been gone on for a couple months,

0:20:24.436 --> 0:20:26.556
<v Speaker 7>So this only happened like five times. But I'm gonna

0:20:26.556 --> 0:20:29.156
<v Speaker 7>try to make this a habit forever, just because I

0:20:29.196 --> 0:20:33.116
<v Speaker 7>think it will change my relationship to just people on

0:20:33.156 --> 0:20:35.316
<v Speaker 7>the streets. Yeah, I don't mean people who are homeless.

0:20:35.316 --> 0:20:37.996
<v Speaker 8>I've just been like everybody around you, because especially like

0:20:37.996 --> 0:20:40.396
<v Speaker 8>if you're in a city, you kind of go through

0:20:40.516 --> 0:20:44.236
<v Speaker 8>the world waiting for someone to ask you for something,

0:20:44.596 --> 0:20:47.876
<v Speaker 8>and you have all those defenses up, and so those

0:20:47.876 --> 0:20:51.716
<v Speaker 8>defenses don't just operate against the people who are asking

0:20:51.716 --> 0:20:55.076
<v Speaker 8>you for money, they operate against everything. They're the enemy

0:20:55.076 --> 0:20:58.396
<v Speaker 8>of moving through the world in a good way, in

0:20:58.436 --> 0:20:59.076
<v Speaker 8>an open way.

0:20:59.316 --> 0:21:01.476
<v Speaker 1>So it opens up things a little bit. Yeah, I

0:21:01.516 --> 0:21:03.716
<v Speaker 1>love this advice because it's so nicely tied to the

0:21:03.796 --> 0:21:06.116
<v Speaker 1>type of thing that we're doing. Would give directly, right, Like,

0:21:06.196 --> 0:21:09.756
<v Speaker 1>their whole deal is that they just give these cash transfers,

0:21:09.756 --> 0:21:12.236
<v Speaker 1>no questions asked, And the act of doing that means

0:21:12.276 --> 0:21:14.876
<v Speaker 1>you're not kind of thinking in ways where you're being

0:21:15.276 --> 0:21:18.476
<v Speaker 1>mistrustful and kind of like analyzing people. Like, first of all,

0:21:18.516 --> 0:21:20.116
<v Speaker 1>it's just like too much cognitive load of like, well,

0:21:20.156 --> 0:21:21.556
<v Speaker 1>what is this money going to go to? Is it

0:21:21.596 --> 0:21:23.756
<v Speaker 1>going to go to something good or whatever? But more

0:21:23.756 --> 0:21:26.436
<v Speaker 1>than the cognitive load, you just wind up thinking all

0:21:26.476 --> 0:21:29.196
<v Speaker 1>these bad theories about your fellow humans, right, Like they're

0:21:29.196 --> 0:21:31.116
<v Speaker 1>going to spend this on something terrible. They're gonna use

0:21:31.196 --> 0:21:33.476
<v Speaker 1>drugs or something like that. So just committing like, no,

0:21:33.596 --> 0:21:34.876
<v Speaker 1>I'm just going to give them money. I'm going to

0:21:34.956 --> 0:21:36.796
<v Speaker 1>trust that other people have good intentions of what they're

0:21:36.796 --> 0:21:38.356
<v Speaker 1>going to do with it. First of all, you get

0:21:38.396 --> 0:21:40.956
<v Speaker 1>the benefit that you get from giving, but also beyond that,

0:21:40.996 --> 0:21:43.716
<v Speaker 1>you don't have all this like yucky mistrust that comes

0:21:44.036 --> 0:21:45.796
<v Speaker 1>with like wondering what someone who's going to do with

0:21:45.836 --> 0:21:48.276
<v Speaker 1>the money. It's just like is a wonderful like cognitive

0:21:48.316 --> 0:21:54.036
<v Speaker 1>load reducer and like negative social contagion reducer. Correct. All correct.

0:21:54.516 --> 0:21:56.596
<v Speaker 8>So we'll see if I persist in this.

0:21:56.716 --> 0:21:59.756
<v Speaker 7>But this has been a little giving wrinkle in my life.

0:22:00.196 --> 0:22:02.996
<v Speaker 1>I hope Michael's tiny wrinkle grows into a big ridge,

0:22:03.356 --> 0:22:06.436
<v Speaker 1>a subtle shift that turns into real positive change for

0:22:06.556 --> 0:22:09.476
<v Speaker 1>Michael and for anyone feeling a little inspired by his

0:22:09.556 --> 0:22:12.636
<v Speaker 1>new giving tactic. And if you're a feeling newly inspired

0:22:12.676 --> 0:22:14.996
<v Speaker 1>to make a difference, you're a luck because you can

0:22:14.996 --> 0:22:17.756
<v Speaker 1>take part in our Pods Fight Poverty campaign right now.

0:22:18.276 --> 0:22:21.196
<v Speaker 1>Just had to give directly dot org slash Happiness lab

0:22:21.356 --> 0:22:24.396
<v Speaker 1>to give what you can. Next up is a story

0:22:24.396 --> 0:22:27.236
<v Speaker 1>of kindness from one of my former Yale students, a

0:22:27.236 --> 0:22:29.836
<v Speaker 1>fellow psychologist who was also the host of an award

0:22:29.876 --> 0:22:32.796
<v Speaker 1>winning podcast, plus is one of my dear friends.

0:22:33.196 --> 0:22:35.916
<v Speaker 6>Hey, I'm doctor Mayah Schunker and I'm the host of

0:22:36.116 --> 0:22:37.876
<v Speaker 6>A slight Change of Plans.

0:22:37.996 --> 0:22:42.356
<v Speaker 1>And so, Maya, what's your story of unexpected benefits of kindness?

0:22:43.316 --> 0:22:46.276
<v Speaker 6>My moment is actually one from elementary school.

0:22:46.396 --> 0:22:47.956
<v Speaker 1>So we're going way back for this one.

0:22:48.076 --> 0:22:51.756
<v Speaker 6>Yeah, we're going all the way back. I was bullied

0:22:51.756 --> 0:22:52.596
<v Speaker 6>a lot as a kid.

0:22:52.916 --> 0:22:55.676
<v Speaker 1>And wait, really, I'm surprised by this. Somehow I didn't

0:22:55.716 --> 0:22:56.276
<v Speaker 1>know this about you.

0:22:56.356 --> 0:22:59.316
<v Speaker 6>Oh my gosh, Oh my god, so many tears, so

0:22:59.516 --> 0:23:00.276
<v Speaker 6>much anxiety.

0:23:00.316 --> 0:23:02.436
<v Speaker 1>Wait, who was your worst bully? Mine was? I won't

0:23:02.436 --> 0:23:05.156
<v Speaker 1>say her name, I'll say it was Jessica t She

0:23:05.276 --> 0:23:05.876
<v Speaker 1>was terrible.

0:23:06.316 --> 0:23:10.196
<v Speaker 6>Jacqueline Callen Lindsay it was a trio and Carly too.

0:23:10.356 --> 0:23:13.756
<v Speaker 6>But these were girls in my neighborhood that weren't super

0:23:13.876 --> 0:23:16.356
<v Speaker 6>nice to me, and it was really hard. At the time,

0:23:16.396 --> 0:23:19.076
<v Speaker 6>I just thought, oh, I'm a deeply flawed, broken person.

0:23:19.716 --> 0:23:23.276
<v Speaker 6>With some hindsight, I realized, oh, how interesting. I was

0:23:23.356 --> 0:23:25.956
<v Speaker 6>one of very very few kids of color in my

0:23:25.996 --> 0:23:28.076
<v Speaker 6>whole school. I wonder if maybe that played a role.

0:23:28.476 --> 0:23:32.476
<v Speaker 6>But regardless of what contributed to the meanness and the cruelty,

0:23:33.316 --> 0:23:37.436
<v Speaker 6>I spent my childhood feeling just really insecure and really

0:23:37.476 --> 0:23:40.716
<v Speaker 6>really anxious, and these bullies gave credence to my worst

0:23:40.716 --> 0:23:41.756
<v Speaker 6>fears about myself.

0:23:41.876 --> 0:23:44.116
<v Speaker 1>Was this like in the school yard, on the bus,

0:23:44.116 --> 0:23:44.996
<v Speaker 1>like where did this happen?

0:23:45.116 --> 0:23:45.596
<v Speaker 4>Oh my god?

0:23:45.596 --> 0:23:49.516
<v Speaker 6>Cafeteria so carly one day was like, you're so ugly,

0:23:49.556 --> 0:23:51.916
<v Speaker 6>it's painful for me to look at you, and then

0:23:51.956 --> 0:23:54.276
<v Speaker 6>got up and went to another table. There was another

0:23:54.316 --> 0:23:57.996
<v Speaker 6>episode in elementary school where the kids had decided in

0:23:58.076 --> 0:24:00.356
<v Speaker 6>advance that they were going to pretend I was invisible

0:24:00.356 --> 0:24:01.996
<v Speaker 6>that day. So when I went to go drink from

0:24:01.996 --> 0:24:04.356
<v Speaker 6>my milk cart and I lifted up, they were like, oh,

0:24:04.396 --> 0:24:06.716
<v Speaker 6>there's a milk cart and floating in the air. How funny.

0:24:06.756 --> 0:24:08.756
<v Speaker 6>And now there's a fork in the air, Like, oh

0:24:08.756 --> 0:24:11.996
<v Speaker 6>my god, I'm like the pretending I literally don't exist.

0:24:11.996 --> 0:24:13.836
<v Speaker 1>I want to like jump through the zoom and hug you.

0:24:13.876 --> 0:24:15.916
<v Speaker 1>But wait, how is this a story about kindness? I

0:24:15.996 --> 0:24:16.916
<v Speaker 1>just don't see where this is.

0:24:16.916 --> 0:24:20.796
<v Speaker 6>Okay, Sorry, sorry. So I was bullied a lot, and

0:24:21.636 --> 0:24:24.996
<v Speaker 6>there were a few kids that were so deeply kind

0:24:24.996 --> 0:24:29.556
<v Speaker 6>to me and weren't just nice behind the scenes, but

0:24:29.676 --> 0:24:32.876
<v Speaker 6>were advocates for me when it really mattered. So I

0:24:32.956 --> 0:24:36.236
<v Speaker 6>remember there was this one girl in my neighborhood named Adrian,

0:24:36.916 --> 0:24:37.556
<v Speaker 6>and we were on.

0:24:37.476 --> 0:24:38.076
<v Speaker 1>The school bus.

0:24:38.076 --> 0:24:39.876
<v Speaker 6>The school bus was brutal because like a lot of

0:24:39.876 --> 0:24:41.316
<v Speaker 6>the kids didn't want to sit next to me, so

0:24:41.316 --> 0:24:42.836
<v Speaker 6>it was a whole thing. It's like, we'd rather sit

0:24:42.916 --> 0:24:45.276
<v Speaker 6>five in a seat rather than sit next to Maya.

0:24:45.396 --> 0:24:49.076
<v Speaker 6>You know, kids are terrible, right, So I remember some

0:24:49.196 --> 0:24:52.196
<v Speaker 6>kids were saying some nasty things to me, and Adrian

0:24:52.276 --> 0:24:55.076
<v Speaker 6>stood up and was like, all of you guys, just

0:24:55.156 --> 0:24:55.716
<v Speaker 6>shut up.

0:24:56.076 --> 0:24:57.476
<v Speaker 1>Maya is awesome.

0:24:58.556 --> 0:25:02.796
<v Speaker 6>I just remember those words in little kid Maya's brain

0:25:03.236 --> 0:25:07.756
<v Speaker 6>were transformative, Like I had to transcendent experience in that moment,

0:25:08.316 --> 0:25:11.756
<v Speaker 6>and I I just remember being so moved by the

0:25:11.756 --> 0:25:14.476
<v Speaker 6>fact that she was willing to stand up and say

0:25:14.516 --> 0:25:16.236
<v Speaker 6>these things in front of the people that I was

0:25:16.276 --> 0:25:18.436
<v Speaker 6>really scared by because I'm not exactly the type of

0:25:18.476 --> 0:25:21.116
<v Speaker 6>person who would have fought back in those moments and

0:25:21.156 --> 0:25:24.396
<v Speaker 6>like really stood my ground. Instead, I thought, oh, I know,

0:25:24.796 --> 0:25:26.836
<v Speaker 6>let me try to kill them with kindness. Maybe that

0:25:26.876 --> 0:25:29.116
<v Speaker 6>will win over the bully. And that is clearly a

0:25:29.196 --> 0:25:32.236
<v Speaker 6>very losing strategy when it comes to engaging with bullies effectively.

0:25:32.516 --> 0:25:35.596
<v Speaker 6>So Adriane did this for me, and it really helped

0:25:35.676 --> 0:25:37.636
<v Speaker 6>change the landscape for me. It's not like the bullies

0:25:37.636 --> 0:25:41.236
<v Speaker 6>were suddenly nice, but I now felt like Adrienne was

0:25:41.316 --> 0:25:45.116
<v Speaker 6>in my corner, and it changes your whole mentality when

0:25:45.156 --> 0:25:48.076
<v Speaker 6>you feel like even one person is on your team.

0:25:48.916 --> 0:25:52.476
<v Speaker 6>And I was fast forwarding decades to think about how

0:25:52.516 --> 0:25:56.196
<v Speaker 6>this had affected me as a person, and actually, Laurie,

0:25:56.316 --> 0:25:58.836
<v Speaker 6>it was a moment from my time at Yale, when

0:25:58.836 --> 0:26:02.396
<v Speaker 6>I was your undergrad student. There was a guy in

0:26:02.476 --> 0:26:05.596
<v Speaker 6>my dorm room who was being bullied because he was

0:26:05.596 --> 0:26:11.116
<v Speaker 6>suffering from depression and bipolar disorder and it didn't fit

0:26:11.236 --> 0:26:16.116
<v Speaker 6>with the kind of frat boy, machismo athlete vibe. I

0:26:16.156 --> 0:26:20.396
<v Speaker 6>guess that his social group entertained and they were so

0:26:20.676 --> 0:26:21.356
<v Speaker 6>cruel to him.

0:26:21.436 --> 0:26:21.956
<v Speaker 4>They were so.

0:26:22.076 --> 0:26:25.396
<v Speaker 6>Mean, and I remember being like, I'm going to be

0:26:25.436 --> 0:26:29.516
<v Speaker 6>Adrian for him, for Noah, and I stood up to

0:26:29.516 --> 0:26:32.996
<v Speaker 6>those guys and I was like, you guys suck, and

0:26:33.116 --> 0:26:36.476
<v Speaker 6>Noah's amazing, and how dare you be so ignorant about

0:26:36.476 --> 0:26:39.156
<v Speaker 6>mental illness and those struggles. I even remember at a

0:26:39.196 --> 0:26:43.476
<v Speaker 6>reunion I gave this guy so much. I don't know

0:26:43.476 --> 0:26:45.756
<v Speaker 6>what a kosher word I can say on this podcast is,

0:26:45.796 --> 0:26:47.836
<v Speaker 6>but it was not a fun exchange, I'll say for

0:26:47.916 --> 0:26:49.156
<v Speaker 6>this other guy, because I was like, how could you

0:26:49.196 --> 0:26:51.916
<v Speaker 6>treat Noah like that? And I actually just got a

0:26:51.956 --> 0:26:55.716
<v Speaker 6>text message from Noah a couple months ago saying, I

0:26:55.756 --> 0:26:58.036
<v Speaker 6>remember in college when I was going through such a

0:26:58.036 --> 0:27:02.156
<v Speaker 6>hard time, Maya, you were so on my side and

0:27:02.156 --> 0:27:04.836
<v Speaker 6>you were so nice to me, and it really touched

0:27:04.836 --> 0:27:07.036
<v Speaker 6>my heart that I could pay it forward like that

0:27:07.076 --> 0:27:09.436
<v Speaker 6>because I remember having been on the receiving end that

0:27:09.676 --> 0:27:11.516
<v Speaker 6>See I told you, Laurie, it had a happy ending.

0:27:11.596 --> 0:27:13.276
<v Speaker 1>Okay, that was good. I'm glad that at the ending

0:27:13.276 --> 0:27:15.276
<v Speaker 1>came up. It wasn't just like Maya getting tortured on

0:27:15.276 --> 0:27:15.556
<v Speaker 1>the bus.

0:27:15.676 --> 0:27:15.756
<v Speaker 6>No.

0:27:15.836 --> 0:27:18.916
<v Speaker 1>But I love this story because it shows like Adrian's

0:27:18.916 --> 0:27:21.836
<v Speaker 1>probably not sitting there thinking about like how she helped

0:27:21.876 --> 0:27:24.436
<v Speaker 1>this one person in elementary school, but you right now

0:27:24.516 --> 0:27:26.236
<v Speaker 1>are thinking about how that helped you to this day

0:27:26.396 --> 0:27:30.276
<v Speaker 1>and a decade after that. It was also helping somebody else,

0:27:30.396 --> 0:27:32.716
<v Speaker 1>like in college, And so we forget not just like

0:27:33.076 --> 0:27:36.276
<v Speaker 1>how long our kind events wind up helping the people

0:27:36.516 --> 0:27:39.356
<v Speaker 1>that we do nice things for but also like how

0:27:39.396 --> 0:27:42.156
<v Speaker 1>many times these turn into like these cascades where like

0:27:42.236 --> 0:27:43.796
<v Speaker 1>more nice things happen over time.

0:27:44.396 --> 0:27:48.396
<v Speaker 6>Absolutely, they had these beautiful spillover effects, right. And there's

0:27:48.436 --> 0:27:52.316
<v Speaker 6>this concept in psychology called moral elevation, and it's basically

0:27:52.316 --> 0:27:55.196
<v Speaker 6>when you witness someone else's extraordinary actions. So it could

0:27:55.196 --> 0:27:58.756
<v Speaker 6>be their kindness, or their courage, or their self sacrifice,

0:27:58.836 --> 0:28:02.036
<v Speaker 6>or their ability to forgive other people, any character trait

0:28:02.036 --> 0:28:04.876
<v Speaker 6>that you find really amazing and impressive that can lead

0:28:04.876 --> 0:28:08.236
<v Speaker 6>to this warm, fuzzy feeling in your chest that makes

0:28:08.276 --> 0:28:11.076
<v Speaker 6>you feel like, wow, humans are capable of extraordinary things.

0:28:11.396 --> 0:28:15.956
<v Speaker 6>But importantly, when you experience moral elevation, it doesn't just

0:28:16.036 --> 0:28:19.756
<v Speaker 6>feel good, It actually changes your brain. When you see

0:28:19.796 --> 0:28:23.156
<v Speaker 6>someone challenge your understanding of the world and about what

0:28:23.236 --> 0:28:26.556
<v Speaker 6>humans are capable of, it cracks open your own imagination

0:28:26.716 --> 0:28:29.396
<v Speaker 6>about what you are capable of. And I love that

0:28:29.436 --> 0:28:31.636
<v Speaker 6>insight because what it's done in my own life is

0:28:31.676 --> 0:28:35.476
<v Speaker 6>it's made me a more keen observer. So when I'm

0:28:35.516 --> 0:28:38.396
<v Speaker 6>walking in the coffee shop, I'll notice someone being extra

0:28:38.476 --> 0:28:41.556
<v Speaker 6>nice to the barista, or I'll notice that someone went

0:28:41.596 --> 0:28:43.516
<v Speaker 6>out of their way to smile at me. When I'm

0:28:43.556 --> 0:28:46.556
<v Speaker 6>going on a walk, and these moments feel so good

0:28:46.836 --> 0:28:50.396
<v Speaker 6>in the moment, but they also have these long lasting

0:28:50.436 --> 0:28:53.516
<v Speaker 6>effects on our psychology and our view of others and

0:28:53.556 --> 0:28:57.476
<v Speaker 6>importantly of ourselves and our potential our capabilities as people.

0:28:57.956 --> 0:29:00.076
<v Speaker 6>And so it's really enriched my life to see the

0:29:00.076 --> 0:29:02.076
<v Speaker 6>world through a moral beauty lens.

0:29:02.396 --> 0:29:04.316
<v Speaker 1>This is such a great example. I feel like, especially

0:29:04.316 --> 0:29:07.116
<v Speaker 1>in winter when everything's feeling so dark and so glum,

0:29:07.196 --> 0:29:09.956
<v Speaker 1>that like they're just these examples of beauty and guidnance

0:29:09.996 --> 0:29:12.276
<v Speaker 1>out there that we can find, and that seeing them

0:29:12.516 --> 0:29:15.636
<v Speaker 1>isn't just like witnessing something that's beautiful, it's also changing us.

0:29:15.516 --> 0:29:18.996
<v Speaker 6>To exactly And yes, winter is dark, but also the

0:29:18.996 --> 0:29:21.196
<v Speaker 6>world like we're in a really dark place right now.

0:29:21.476 --> 0:29:25.436
<v Speaker 6>It's very hard to stay hopeful and positive. And I

0:29:25.556 --> 0:29:29.796
<v Speaker 6>have just felt like reminding myself that actually humans are

0:29:29.836 --> 0:29:31.996
<v Speaker 6>so good at their core, because you can witness these

0:29:32.036 --> 0:29:35.116
<v Speaker 6>beautiful acts every single day, and that's in my control,

0:29:35.356 --> 0:29:36.756
<v Speaker 6>unlike so much else that's.

0:29:36.596 --> 0:29:37.436
<v Speaker 4>Happening in the world.

0:29:37.796 --> 0:29:41.436
<v Speaker 6>Is a wonderful way of reclaiming my agency and allowing

0:29:41.476 --> 0:29:45.236
<v Speaker 6>myself moments of happiness, moments of joy in everyday life

0:29:45.636 --> 0:29:48.516
<v Speaker 6>against the backdrop of a lot of suffering. In the world,

0:29:48.636 --> 0:29:51.076
<v Speaker 6>you know, And so yeah, I've just been grateful for

0:29:51.116 --> 0:29:53.756
<v Speaker 6>the gift that we've gotten from science in the space

0:29:53.796 --> 0:29:54.636
<v Speaker 6>of moral elevation.

0:29:55.276 --> 0:29:57.316
<v Speaker 1>And if maya story has given you a moment of

0:29:57.356 --> 0:30:00.436
<v Speaker 1>moral elevation, remember that you can choose to become an

0:30:00.476 --> 0:30:03.276
<v Speaker 1>Adrian too. You can do that by joining me and

0:30:03.316 --> 0:30:06.116
<v Speaker 1>dozens of other podcasters as part of the Pods Fight

0:30:06.196 --> 0:30:10.116
<v Speaker 1>Poverty campaign. Why not donate five bucks right now by

0:30:10.156 --> 0:30:13.916
<v Speaker 1>heading to give directly dot org slash happiness Lab. That's

0:30:13.956 --> 0:30:17.996
<v Speaker 1>GiveDirectly dot org slash happiness Lab. It's time for a break,

0:30:18.116 --> 0:30:20.476
<v Speaker 1>but when we return, I'll get to share my own

0:30:20.556 --> 0:30:23.596
<v Speaker 1>story of the power of giving and how four words

0:30:23.596 --> 0:30:26.476
<v Speaker 1>that I quickly scribbled nearly twenty years ago said a

0:30:26.516 --> 0:30:29.676
<v Speaker 1>little girl on the path to becoming an aerospace engineer.

0:30:30.236 --> 0:30:41.276
<v Speaker 1>The Happiness Lab will be right back. Welcome back to

0:30:41.316 --> 0:30:45.636
<v Speaker 1>the Happiness Lab special Giving Tuesday episode. Today we're exploring

0:30:45.756 --> 0:30:49.156
<v Speaker 1>just how much we underestimate the psychological power of small

0:30:49.156 --> 0:30:52.196
<v Speaker 1>acts of generosity. And the next story is one that

0:30:52.276 --> 0:30:54.836
<v Speaker 1>really hits home for me because the person in this

0:30:54.916 --> 0:30:57.716
<v Speaker 1>story doing all that underestimating of the power of giving

0:30:58.356 --> 0:30:58.556
<v Speaker 1>was me.

0:30:59.556 --> 0:31:02.796
<v Speaker 4>So in two thousand and eight. I was six years old.

0:31:03.356 --> 0:31:05.756
<v Speaker 1>This is Avery Miller, and.

0:31:06.236 --> 0:31:08.796
<v Speaker 9>I didn't know too much, you know, about the world,

0:31:09.596 --> 0:31:11.756
<v Speaker 9>but I knew that I wanted to be an astronaut

0:31:11.876 --> 0:31:13.756
<v Speaker 9>because I'd read books about them, I'd seen them on

0:31:13.796 --> 0:31:16.676
<v Speaker 9>TIV and my parents were very encouraging of all of that.

0:31:17.036 --> 0:31:19.996
<v Speaker 9>And my mom realized there was an event called World

0:31:20.036 --> 0:31:21.156
<v Speaker 9>Science Festival.

0:31:21.756 --> 0:31:25.316
<v Speaker 1>The World Science Festival is a multimedia science education organization

0:31:25.676 --> 0:31:27.996
<v Speaker 1>that began as an annual event in New York City

0:31:28.156 --> 0:31:30.836
<v Speaker 1>to make science fun and accessible to the general public.

0:31:31.356 --> 0:31:35.356
<v Speaker 1>Big panels and talks, interactive exhibits, and kid friendly games.

0:31:35.796 --> 0:31:38.276
<v Speaker 1>Avery's mom thought her daughter would love it, so the

0:31:38.316 --> 0:31:40.876
<v Speaker 1>Millers decided to take the four hour trek from their

0:31:40.916 --> 0:31:42.716
<v Speaker 1>home in Boston to New York City.

0:31:43.316 --> 0:31:45.116
<v Speaker 9>So we went to the festival and there's a lot

0:31:45.116 --> 0:31:48.036
<v Speaker 9>of really cool outside stuff and you know, the typical

0:31:48.116 --> 0:31:48.956
<v Speaker 9>kid activities.

0:31:49.236 --> 0:31:51.436
<v Speaker 4>But my mom was like, you know, I think.

0:31:51.276 --> 0:31:54.996
<v Speaker 9>Avery would really love going to some talks, which an

0:31:55.036 --> 0:31:57.156
<v Speaker 9>insane thing to think about a six year old, but

0:31:57.836 --> 0:31:58.556
<v Speaker 9>that's my mom.

0:31:58.716 --> 0:32:02.196
<v Speaker 4>So we went to quite a few talks, but I

0:32:02.196 --> 0:32:05.476
<v Speaker 4>think there were mostly men, so not really role models.

0:32:05.716 --> 0:32:08.116
<v Speaker 1>That's when Avery stumbled on a panel that would change

0:32:08.116 --> 0:32:12.196
<v Speaker 1>her life forever. It was called Cool Jobs, where scientists

0:32:12.196 --> 0:32:14.996
<v Speaker 1>shared the cool questions they explored and the fun places

0:32:14.996 --> 0:32:18.196
<v Speaker 1>they got to work. There was a Disney imagineer, a

0:32:18.236 --> 0:32:21.916
<v Speaker 1>forensics expert who used science to solve crimes, and an

0:32:21.956 --> 0:32:25.436
<v Speaker 1>early career psychologist whose name you might recognize if you're

0:32:25.476 --> 0:32:26.236
<v Speaker 1>a fan of the show.

0:32:26.516 --> 0:32:28.916
<v Speaker 10>She spends a lot of time thinking about how we

0:32:29.036 --> 0:32:32.396
<v Speaker 10>think and how we play and how we fall in

0:32:32.396 --> 0:32:36.956
<v Speaker 10>love by hiking through the jungles of Puerto Rico watching monkeys.

0:32:37.316 --> 0:32:40.116
<v Speaker 10>Please allarim, welcome for doctor Lori Santos.

0:32:43.276 --> 0:32:45.996
<v Speaker 1>Hello everyone, thanks for having me today. So I'm going

0:32:46.036 --> 0:32:47.676
<v Speaker 1>to tell you a little bit about a job that

0:32:47.716 --> 0:32:49.716
<v Speaker 1>I bet many of you are thinking about, and that's

0:32:49.716 --> 0:32:53.036
<v Speaker 1>the kind of job that's involved with working with animals,

0:32:53.076 --> 0:32:56.716
<v Speaker 1>so fun fact, long before I began studying happiness, I

0:32:56.756 --> 0:32:59.196
<v Speaker 1>spent a lot of my early career trying to understand

0:32:59.196 --> 0:33:02.676
<v Speaker 1>the human mind by studying the cosmative abilities of monkeys.

0:33:03.436 --> 0:33:05.476
<v Speaker 1>Back in two thousand and eight, I was asked to

0:33:05.516 --> 0:33:07.996
<v Speaker 1>talk about that primate work on the Cool Jobs panel

0:33:08.076 --> 0:33:11.556
<v Speaker 1>at the World Science The organizers of the panel assumed

0:33:11.596 --> 0:33:13.756
<v Speaker 1>it would be of interest to college students thinking about

0:33:13.756 --> 0:33:16.716
<v Speaker 1>their future careers. But what we didn't expect was to

0:33:16.716 --> 0:33:19.796
<v Speaker 1>have so many little kids in the audience, little kids

0:33:19.796 --> 0:33:22.396
<v Speaker 1>who were apparently very impressed that there were jobs where

0:33:22.396 --> 0:33:25.876
<v Speaker 1>you could hang out with monkeys, little kids just like Avery.

0:33:26.156 --> 0:33:28.116
<v Speaker 9>I was like, you get to be outside, you get

0:33:28.156 --> 0:33:31.796
<v Speaker 9>to do science. And that was sort of a mind

0:33:31.916 --> 0:33:34.716
<v Speaker 9>blowing moment of like, oh my god, there's someone like

0:33:34.756 --> 0:33:38.316
<v Speaker 9>me who's doing all this really cool stuff. And my mom,

0:33:38.356 --> 0:33:40.756
<v Speaker 9>again being really cool, was like, well, let's go.

0:33:40.756 --> 0:33:41.276
<v Speaker 4>Talk to her.

0:33:42.036 --> 0:33:45.796
<v Speaker 1>Avery's mom wasn't the only audience member to have that ideas.

0:33:45.836 --> 0:33:49.036
<v Speaker 1>The New York Times would later report quote after the event,

0:33:49.116 --> 0:33:52.236
<v Speaker 1>doctor Santo's was mobbed by a group of children curious

0:33:52.316 --> 0:33:55.996
<v Speaker 1>about what she calls monkey magic tricks. I spent over

0:33:56.036 --> 0:33:58.716
<v Speaker 1>an hour after that panel sitting on stage talking with

0:33:58.836 --> 0:34:01.396
<v Speaker 1>kids about my work, and one of those kids was

0:34:01.436 --> 0:34:03.356
<v Speaker 1>an eager little girl named Avery.

0:34:04.036 --> 0:34:05.596
<v Speaker 9>So I went up and I think I told you

0:34:05.636 --> 0:34:07.996
<v Speaker 9>all about how I wanted to be an astronaut and

0:34:08.036 --> 0:34:10.836
<v Speaker 9>how I wanted to go to because you know, growing

0:34:10.876 --> 0:34:12.996
<v Speaker 9>up in Boston, if you want to do science, you

0:34:12.996 --> 0:34:15.796
<v Speaker 9>want to go to MIT. And we didn't have anything

0:34:15.796 --> 0:34:18.396
<v Speaker 9>for you to sign except for the back of the

0:34:18.436 --> 0:34:21.916
<v Speaker 9>ticket on the email my mom printed out, so you

0:34:21.996 --> 0:34:22.556
<v Speaker 9>signed it.

0:34:22.956 --> 0:34:24.476
<v Speaker 4>I have it here if you want to see it.

0:34:24.556 --> 0:34:25.796
<v Speaker 1>Oh my gosh, can you hold it up?

0:34:26.196 --> 0:34:26.596
<v Speaker 4>Yeah?

0:34:26.636 --> 0:34:28.196
<v Speaker 1>Oh my gosh, we'ld like go monkey drawing.

0:34:28.476 --> 0:34:28.996
<v Speaker 7>That's yeah.

0:34:29.076 --> 0:34:29.396
<v Speaker 1>Exit.

0:34:30.196 --> 0:34:34.116
<v Speaker 9>So I drew monkeys on it as you can see,

0:34:34.556 --> 0:34:37.036
<v Speaker 9>which I'm sure my mom told me not to. But

0:34:37.756 --> 0:34:40.116
<v Speaker 9>you wrote have fun at MIT, Love Laurie, and I

0:34:40.156 --> 0:34:43.036
<v Speaker 9>was like, this is the coolest thing ever a scientist

0:34:43.116 --> 0:34:45.996
<v Speaker 9>thinks I can be a scientist. We framed it and

0:34:46.036 --> 0:34:48.836
<v Speaker 9>then I put it on my desk, and then I

0:34:48.876 --> 0:34:51.196
<v Speaker 9>guess I never moved it off my desk.

0:34:51.356 --> 0:34:53.396
<v Speaker 4>I mean, like I look at it all the time.

0:34:53.876 --> 0:34:55.836
<v Speaker 9>In high school, I'd sit there and do my homework,

0:34:55.876 --> 0:34:58.076
<v Speaker 9>and so it's like, you know what this means, I

0:34:58.076 --> 0:35:00.276
<v Speaker 9>can do it. You know, as much as I hated

0:35:00.356 --> 0:35:02.076
<v Speaker 9>chemistry at the time, Okay, I got to get the

0:35:02.116 --> 0:35:03.956
<v Speaker 9>chemistry done because I'm going to go to MIT.

0:35:04.676 --> 0:35:07.076
<v Speaker 4>So it was just this constant little reminder that like,

0:35:07.556 --> 0:35:08.076
<v Speaker 4>I could do that.

0:35:09.116 --> 0:35:10.996
<v Speaker 1>I mean, it's so funny. I signed lots of things

0:35:11.076 --> 0:35:12.716
<v Speaker 1>for lots of folks, and just the idea that they

0:35:12.716 --> 0:35:14.556
<v Speaker 1>would keep them is really cool. But also does that

0:35:14.636 --> 0:35:16.356
<v Speaker 1>it turned into an inspiration for you.

0:35:16.996 --> 0:35:20.396
<v Speaker 9>I failed a class, almost failed a class in the

0:35:20.476 --> 0:35:22.916
<v Speaker 9>eighth grade and it was science, and I was like,

0:35:23.596 --> 0:35:24.956
<v Speaker 9>that means I.

0:35:24.916 --> 0:35:27.996
<v Speaker 4>Can't do it, because if everyone looks at.

0:35:27.876 --> 0:35:30.356
<v Speaker 9>You as the science kid and you're going around failing

0:35:30.396 --> 0:35:33.596
<v Speaker 9>science classes, it's hard. So I looked at it and

0:35:33.596 --> 0:35:35.796
<v Speaker 9>I was like, you know what, someone says that I

0:35:35.836 --> 0:35:38.276
<v Speaker 9>can do it. I saw someone else do it. You know,

0:35:38.316 --> 0:35:40.276
<v Speaker 9>there were a lot of people rooting me on, but

0:35:40.996 --> 0:35:43.636
<v Speaker 9>I had this thing from such a young age. One

0:35:43.676 --> 0:35:45.636
<v Speaker 9>person telling you can do it when you didn't even

0:35:45.636 --> 0:35:50.556
<v Speaker 9>know that was an option is perhaps more meaningful. So, yeah,

0:35:50.596 --> 0:35:53.756
<v Speaker 9>it was a big deal to me then. It's still

0:35:53.796 --> 0:35:55.836
<v Speaker 9>a big deal to me now. I had it on

0:35:55.836 --> 0:35:58.196
<v Speaker 9>my desk all through college, all the dorms I lived in.

0:35:58.596 --> 0:36:00.396
<v Speaker 9>I have it now that I live on my own.

0:36:00.876 --> 0:36:03.436
<v Speaker 9>It's just always lived on my desk. It's always just

0:36:03.476 --> 0:36:06.236
<v Speaker 9>been there. I also have a Sally Ride picture, though,

0:36:06.316 --> 0:36:07.556
<v Speaker 9>so you're up there with her.

0:36:08.516 --> 0:36:11.196
<v Speaker 1>That's amazing. Sounds like you wound up going to college.

0:36:11.556 --> 0:36:13.396
<v Speaker 1>Did you end up going to MIT or what happened?

0:36:13.956 --> 0:36:17.196
<v Speaker 9>Yeah, So by senior year I realized that I did

0:36:17.196 --> 0:36:19.556
<v Speaker 9>not want to go to MIT. Mit is great, but

0:36:19.756 --> 0:36:22.716
<v Speaker 9>it wasn't the right fit. I ended up going to Purdue.

0:36:23.236 --> 0:36:24.916
<v Speaker 9>I became an aerospace engineer.

0:36:25.196 --> 0:36:28.356
<v Speaker 1>Wait, like, mind boggling, Like you became an aerospace engineer.

0:36:28.476 --> 0:36:31.876
<v Speaker 1>That's so cool. I reconnected with Avery and learned about

0:36:31.916 --> 0:36:33.836
<v Speaker 1>her story when she sent me an email out of

0:36:33.876 --> 0:36:36.876
<v Speaker 1>the blue thanking me for being such an inspiration to her.

0:36:37.636 --> 0:36:39.836
<v Speaker 1>She wrote in her letter, you took the time to

0:36:39.876 --> 0:36:42.436
<v Speaker 1>speak to me, learn my name, and just made me

0:36:42.476 --> 0:36:45.596
<v Speaker 1>feel like no matter what I could do it. Thank

0:36:45.636 --> 0:36:48.436
<v Speaker 1>you for being an inspiration in six year old me's life.

0:36:48.996 --> 0:36:50.996
<v Speaker 1>I know that you carved the way for this field

0:36:51.036 --> 0:36:53.196
<v Speaker 1>to be one that women like me can thrive in.

0:36:54.316 --> 0:36:58.636
<v Speaker 1>I mean, wow. I had no idea that scribbling those

0:36:58.676 --> 0:37:01.556
<v Speaker 1>four little words nearly twenty years ago would have had

0:37:01.636 --> 0:37:05.116
<v Speaker 1>such an impact on someone's life. I also didn't realize

0:37:05.116 --> 0:37:08.076
<v Speaker 1>that those words would ripple into the next generation of

0:37:08.116 --> 0:37:08.876
<v Speaker 1>scientists too.

0:37:09.436 --> 0:37:11.596
<v Speaker 9>I think one of the things that I learned and

0:37:11.636 --> 0:37:13.756
<v Speaker 9>I really appreciated when I met you when I was

0:37:13.956 --> 0:37:16.116
<v Speaker 9>young was that you didn't talk to me like I.

0:37:16.036 --> 0:37:16.756
<v Speaker 4>Was a little kid.

0:37:17.156 --> 0:37:20.396
<v Speaker 9>I never felt like someone was talking down to me,

0:37:20.596 --> 0:37:23.916
<v Speaker 9>which I think in stem we have a tendency to

0:37:23.996 --> 0:37:27.276
<v Speaker 9>do when people don't understand stuff. I think it was Einstein,

0:37:27.316 --> 0:37:29.116
<v Speaker 9>though I could be misquoting, who said if you can't

0:37:29.116 --> 0:37:31.236
<v Speaker 9>explain it to a five year old, you don't understand it.

0:37:31.796 --> 0:37:34.716
<v Speaker 9>There's something to be said for approaching someone on their level.

0:37:34.956 --> 0:37:36.756
<v Speaker 9>That's how people can hold on and be like, wow,

0:37:36.796 --> 0:37:39.556
<v Speaker 9>I really do want to learn more. It definitely makes

0:37:39.596 --> 0:37:41.916
<v Speaker 9>me think about how I'm giving my time, because, like

0:37:42.356 --> 0:37:44.516
<v Speaker 9>I mentor middle schoolers and I'm like, maybe one day

0:37:44.516 --> 0:37:46.796
<v Speaker 9>one of these middle schoolers will reach out and you know,

0:37:46.916 --> 0:37:49.596
<v Speaker 9>same sort of thing of like, oh, you impacted me,

0:37:49.836 --> 0:37:51.076
<v Speaker 9>so who knows.

0:37:51.356 --> 0:37:53.076
<v Speaker 1>Look at you? The six year old has become an

0:37:53.116 --> 0:37:56.236
<v Speaker 1>adult now, I know. I mean one of the reasons

0:37:56.236 --> 0:37:58.356
<v Speaker 1>the story is so compelling for me also just that like,

0:37:58.356 --> 0:38:00.436
<v Speaker 1>I affected someone who's so cool and doing such cool

0:38:00.436 --> 0:38:01.796
<v Speaker 1>stuff now was just amazing.

0:38:01.956 --> 0:38:04.676
<v Speaker 9>The fact that someone who speaks to John Green thinks

0:38:04.716 --> 0:38:07.076
<v Speaker 9>I'm cool is possibly the coolest thing ever.

0:38:07.596 --> 0:38:11.276
<v Speaker 1>I'm sure you would think you're cool too, but I mean,

0:38:11.476 --> 0:38:14.116
<v Speaker 1>it's just like, you just have these short interactions in

0:38:14.196 --> 0:38:17.196
<v Speaker 1>life where you don't necessarily realize how much you're affecting people.

0:38:17.516 --> 0:38:19.436
<v Speaker 1>And I think if you can have those interactions in

0:38:19.476 --> 0:38:22.676
<v Speaker 1>a way that are like positive or encouraging. We just

0:38:22.716 --> 0:38:24.436
<v Speaker 1>like don't know the ripple effect of the kind of

0:38:24.436 --> 0:38:26.676
<v Speaker 1>thing that we can do to other people. And so

0:38:27.156 --> 0:38:29.436
<v Speaker 1>it was just such a reminder of like, oh my gosh,

0:38:29.676 --> 0:38:32.076
<v Speaker 1>I can have this like incredibly long standing, like you know,

0:38:32.156 --> 0:38:34.756
<v Speaker 1>twenty year ish positive effect and I might not be

0:38:34.796 --> 0:38:36.196
<v Speaker 1>realizing I could do that right now.

0:38:36.516 --> 0:38:38.836
<v Speaker 9>And also the fact that I can reconnect with you

0:38:38.876 --> 0:38:41.796
<v Speaker 9>after twenty years and it still be something meaningful.

0:38:42.076 --> 0:38:44.036
<v Speaker 1>I'm curious, was there a moment that you decided to

0:38:44.076 --> 0:38:46.756
<v Speaker 1>reach back out, Like, was there like a catalyst of

0:38:46.796 --> 0:38:48.396
<v Speaker 1>why you decided to reach out when you did.

0:38:49.476 --> 0:38:51.636
<v Speaker 4>I'm hoping to go back to school eventually.

0:38:52.236 --> 0:38:56.396
<v Speaker 9>So I've been studying for exams, and sometimes you have

0:38:56.556 --> 0:38:58.436
<v Speaker 9>just a day where you're looking at your exam book

0:38:58.476 --> 0:39:00.556
<v Speaker 9>and you're like, there is no way that I can

0:39:00.676 --> 0:39:01.316
<v Speaker 9>keep doing this.

0:39:01.476 --> 0:39:03.556
<v Speaker 4>There's no way I can keep answering problems.

0:39:03.836 --> 0:39:06.596
<v Speaker 9>And I looked at the note, which again sits on

0:39:06.756 --> 0:39:08.556
<v Speaker 9>my desk all the time, so I'm looking at it,

0:39:08.596 --> 0:39:10.516
<v Speaker 9>and I'm like, you know, I should really reach out

0:39:10.556 --> 0:39:12.916
<v Speaker 9>to her and tell her that this is impactful.

0:39:13.196 --> 0:39:15.316
<v Speaker 1>This really just like blew my mind, and really just

0:39:15.476 --> 0:39:17.116
<v Speaker 1>even this conversation I feel like my face is going

0:39:17.196 --> 0:39:19.476
<v Speaker 1>to hurt from smiling after talking about.

0:39:19.516 --> 0:39:20.996
<v Speaker 4>Me as well, which is a great thing.

0:39:22.516 --> 0:39:25.276
<v Speaker 1>Avery's story is a powerful example of how a few

0:39:25.356 --> 0:39:29.236
<v Speaker 1>simple words can shape someone's life in unimaginable ways. But

0:39:29.316 --> 0:39:31.876
<v Speaker 1>it also shows how absolutely great it feels to be

0:39:31.956 --> 0:39:35.636
<v Speaker 1>the person who gives that small act of kindness. And yet,

0:39:35.836 --> 0:39:38.796
<v Speaker 1>even when we know these small gestures matter, most of

0:39:38.836 --> 0:39:42.036
<v Speaker 1>us still struggle to actually do them. We put off

0:39:42.036 --> 0:39:45.356
<v Speaker 1>reaching out, we delay helping, we wait for the right

0:39:45.436 --> 0:39:48.556
<v Speaker 1>time to give. Why do we procrastinate on doing the

0:39:48.716 --> 0:39:51.156
<v Speaker 1>very thing that will make us and other people feel

0:39:51.196 --> 0:39:54.476
<v Speaker 1>so good? To find out? I tagged in our final

0:39:54.516 --> 0:39:58.356
<v Speaker 1>podcast host guest, a behavioral scientist who has studied this

0:39:58.516 --> 0:40:01.516
<v Speaker 1>exact problem. Katie, do you want to start by introducing yourself?

0:40:01.996 --> 0:40:02.916
<v Speaker 2>I'd be delighted.

0:40:03.036 --> 0:40:05.076
<v Speaker 11>My name is Katie Milkman, and I am a professor

0:40:05.076 --> 0:40:07.836
<v Speaker 11>at the Wharton School, host of the podcast Choiceology, and

0:40:07.876 --> 0:40:09.196
<v Speaker 11>author of the book How to Change.

0:40:09.636 --> 0:40:12.036
<v Speaker 1>So, Katie, we've just heard all these amazing things that

0:40:12.116 --> 0:40:14.556
<v Speaker 1>happen when people are nice to each other and do

0:40:14.716 --> 0:40:17.436
<v Speaker 1>nice things for each other, including with money. We've also

0:40:17.636 --> 0:40:19.596
<v Speaker 1>just heard not just what happens to the people who

0:40:19.676 --> 0:40:22.036
<v Speaker 1>receive these wonderful things, but also what happens to you,

0:40:22.436 --> 0:40:25.036
<v Speaker 1>the donor in terms of your happiness and how great

0:40:25.076 --> 0:40:28.116
<v Speaker 1>you feel. But the problem is that our minds are stupid,

0:40:28.156 --> 0:40:30.036
<v Speaker 1>and sometimes we can know all this stuff and still

0:40:30.076 --> 0:40:32.676
<v Speaker 1>not put it into practice. This is the kind of

0:40:32.676 --> 0:40:35.396
<v Speaker 1>thing that you study, right, Yes, although I.

0:40:35.356 --> 0:40:37.396
<v Speaker 11>Wouldn't say our minds are stupid. I think our minds

0:40:37.396 --> 0:40:40.676
<v Speaker 11>are incredible, but they're constantly taking shortcuts and they're sort

0:40:40.676 --> 0:40:45.436
<v Speaker 11>of wired for situations that don't always optimize our current

0:40:46.076 --> 0:40:47.556
<v Speaker 11>environment in the modern era.

0:40:47.716 --> 0:40:49.116
<v Speaker 4>So, like, the mind is amazing.

0:40:49.116 --> 0:40:51.036
<v Speaker 1>I don't want to denigrate the model. Okay, yeah, no,

0:40:51.036 --> 0:40:51.996
<v Speaker 1>nodice to the mind.

0:40:52.116 --> 0:40:52.396
<v Speaker 4>Great.

0:40:52.476 --> 0:40:54.996
<v Speaker 1>You know, we're walking around really smart primates, built the

0:40:55.036 --> 0:40:58.356
<v Speaker 1>Internet all this stuff, But we sometimes forget the importance

0:40:58.396 --> 0:41:00.396
<v Speaker 1>of doing for other people, like when it comes to

0:41:00.396 --> 0:41:02.036
<v Speaker 1>our social connection. I think this is a spot where

0:41:02.036 --> 0:41:04.236
<v Speaker 1>we really get it wrong. Yeah, no, absolutely.

0:41:04.236 --> 0:41:07.516
<v Speaker 11>We don't anticipate how good it will feel to you know,

0:41:07.556 --> 0:41:10.676
<v Speaker 11>engage in conversations and game and gift giving, just be

0:41:10.876 --> 0:41:13.516
<v Speaker 11>kind to others in a wide variety of ways. We

0:41:13.556 --> 0:41:16.756
<v Speaker 11>don't realize how much that will actually generate happiness for us.

0:41:17.596 --> 0:41:19.276
<v Speaker 1>Our minds are also stupid in that we just like

0:41:19.436 --> 0:41:21.796
<v Speaker 1>forget stuff. Like I'm guessing a lot of people right

0:41:21.836 --> 0:41:24.156
<v Speaker 1>now are like, oh my gosh, it's a great opportunity

0:41:24.236 --> 0:41:27.156
<v Speaker 1>to give directly, but like you actually have to do that,

0:41:27.396 --> 0:41:29.796
<v Speaker 1>and like forgetfulness and friction is bad.

0:41:30.196 --> 0:41:30.556
<v Speaker 4>That's right.

0:41:30.636 --> 0:41:33.636
<v Speaker 11>Yeah, follow through is one of the main barriers to

0:41:34.476 --> 0:41:37.476
<v Speaker 11>change that I have studied, Like we need to remind people,

0:41:37.516 --> 0:41:39.116
<v Speaker 11>we need to catch them in a moment when they

0:41:39.116 --> 0:41:41.596
<v Speaker 11>can take action. And actually this relates to some research

0:41:41.636 --> 0:41:44.276
<v Speaker 11>I did a number of years ago related to giving.

0:41:44.396 --> 0:41:47.076
<v Speaker 11>So this was a project led by Amanda Schwan, who's

0:41:47.076 --> 0:41:49.596
<v Speaker 11>an amazing professor at Michigan State, and also with my

0:41:49.636 --> 0:41:51.716
<v Speaker 11>colleague here, Jed Kessler, where we were able to get

0:41:51.836 --> 0:41:56.156
<v Speaker 11>data from the University of Pennsylvania's hospital system on asks

0:41:56.196 --> 0:41:59.756
<v Speaker 11>they made to pass patients to give. Right. So, you've

0:41:59.796 --> 0:42:02.956
<v Speaker 11>had experience with the University of Pennsylvanian hospital system. You

0:42:02.996 --> 0:42:05.636
<v Speaker 11>were here in patient for some sort of service or treatment.

0:42:05.996 --> 0:42:07.676
<v Speaker 11>You have to stay overnight, right that's kind of a

0:42:07.676 --> 0:42:09.756
<v Speaker 11>big deal, or you're checked into the hospital. So you're

0:42:09.796 --> 0:42:12.156
<v Speaker 11>probably feeling a lot of gratitude right now, and you

0:42:12.196 --> 0:42:15.356
<v Speaker 11>have an opportunity when the university asks would you give

0:42:15.396 --> 0:42:18.676
<v Speaker 11>to this hospital system? You have an opportunity to express

0:42:18.716 --> 0:42:21.876
<v Speaker 11>that gratitude. The data we got allowed us to look

0:42:21.916 --> 0:42:25.276
<v Speaker 11>at whether or not those mailings came right away or

0:42:25.396 --> 0:42:27.396
<v Speaker 11>at a time delay, because they send them in batches

0:42:27.436 --> 0:42:28.276
<v Speaker 11>every few months.

0:42:28.516 --> 0:42:30.836
<v Speaker 1>So if the batch send happens to.

0:42:30.836 --> 0:42:33.956
<v Speaker 11>Occur just a couple of weeks after you leave the hospital,

0:42:33.996 --> 0:42:35.756
<v Speaker 11>you're going to get it real quickly. But if it

0:42:35.796 --> 0:42:38.036
<v Speaker 11>happens a few months later, well then it's going to

0:42:38.036 --> 0:42:40.476
<v Speaker 11>be a long time after your inpatients day that you're

0:42:40.476 --> 0:42:42.436
<v Speaker 11>going to be asked would you be willing to reciprocate

0:42:42.476 --> 0:42:44.756
<v Speaker 11>and make it a donation. And what was interesting is

0:42:44.756 --> 0:42:46.996
<v Speaker 11>that we found a pretty steep decay. So if we

0:42:47.076 --> 0:42:50.156
<v Speaker 11>hit you right after you've had this positive experience, you're

0:42:50.236 --> 0:42:52.756
<v Speaker 11>much more likely to give your feeling still that warmth

0:42:52.796 --> 0:42:55.956
<v Speaker 11>and gratitude and remembering how meaningful it was to be

0:42:56.036 --> 0:42:59.476
<v Speaker 11>taken care of. Whereas if a little time passes the

0:42:59.596 --> 0:43:02.556
<v Speaker 11>hot state, the sort of warmth and the reciprocity feelings,

0:43:02.596 --> 0:43:06.996
<v Speaker 11>those positive feelings that generate the decision to give those

0:43:07.036 --> 0:43:10.956
<v Speaker 11>are what's decaying and also presumably suggests that you're not

0:43:10.996 --> 0:43:14.836
<v Speaker 11>going to feel as good about making that reciprocal gesture

0:43:15.316 --> 0:43:19.076
<v Speaker 11>if your strong feelings have dissipated and you wait. So

0:43:19.156 --> 0:43:20.956
<v Speaker 11>one of the things I think that teaches us about

0:43:20.996 --> 0:43:24.196
<v Speaker 11>giving is generally when we are remembering, when we're in

0:43:24.236 --> 0:43:26.116
<v Speaker 11>that hot state, when we realize how good it will

0:43:26.116 --> 0:43:28.276
<v Speaker 11>make us feel, like, take action right away. Don't let

0:43:28.276 --> 0:43:31.876
<v Speaker 11>that moment slip. And I think more similarly in so

0:43:32.076 --> 0:43:34.676
<v Speaker 11>many parts of your life, like when you're feeling gratitude

0:43:34.716 --> 0:43:37.556
<v Speaker 11>to someone, or when you've had a really positive experience

0:43:37.596 --> 0:43:40.236
<v Speaker 11>and you want to make sure you don't forget to

0:43:40.716 --> 0:43:43.956
<v Speaker 11>tell someone you know, you were a great professor, Laurie,

0:43:43.996 --> 0:43:45.996
<v Speaker 11>and I'm so grateful for this thing you did, or

0:43:46.196 --> 0:43:49.276
<v Speaker 11>you know, thank you for mentoring me, whatever it is,

0:43:49.716 --> 0:43:53.516
<v Speaker 11>express that gratitude immediately, because you're going to forget if

0:43:53.556 --> 0:43:56.036
<v Speaker 11>you let the moment pass. And I think, you know,

0:43:56.076 --> 0:43:58.436
<v Speaker 11>one of the things I've studied in my research in

0:43:58.476 --> 0:44:01.676
<v Speaker 11>other domains is just that our motivation in general waxes

0:44:01.716 --> 0:44:03.116
<v Speaker 11>and wanes like over time.

0:44:03.396 --> 0:44:03.556
<v Speaker 10>Right.

0:44:03.596 --> 0:44:05.996
<v Speaker 11>We years ago did an episode together, Laurie about some

0:44:06.036 --> 0:44:08.356
<v Speaker 11>of my work with Hanschen Dai of UCLA on the

0:44:08.356 --> 0:44:10.796
<v Speaker 11>fresh start effect, that there are these moments when we're

0:44:10.796 --> 0:44:13.156
<v Speaker 11>more motivated to make a change in our lives. And

0:44:13.196 --> 0:44:15.316
<v Speaker 11>I think that's just part of a bigger process, Like

0:44:15.476 --> 0:44:17.796
<v Speaker 11>we don't walk around the world with like constant flat

0:44:17.836 --> 0:44:18.276
<v Speaker 11>states of.

0:44:18.276 --> 0:44:19.356
<v Speaker 4>Emotion and motivation.

0:44:19.636 --> 0:44:22.676
<v Speaker 11>We're moving all over the place, and capitalizing on the

0:44:22.716 --> 0:44:26.036
<v Speaker 11>hot state feelings is important to doing the things that

0:44:26.036 --> 0:44:27.356
<v Speaker 11>are good for us in the long run, that are

0:44:27.356 --> 0:44:28.596
<v Speaker 11>good for our relationships and our.

0:44:28.516 --> 0:44:30.996
<v Speaker 1>Happiness, because whenever we do it, we're going to feel

0:44:31.036 --> 0:44:33.116
<v Speaker 1>good doing that. Right in your fresh start work where

0:44:33.116 --> 0:44:35.436
<v Speaker 1>you looking when when do people start exercising? Whatever you

0:44:35.436 --> 0:44:37.996
<v Speaker 1>get the exercise habit going, that's going to have benefits

0:44:38.036 --> 0:44:40.836
<v Speaker 1>for you whenever you actually get the gift done. The

0:44:41.076 --> 0:44:44.036
<v Speaker 1>kind words said, you're going to experience benefit. But if

0:44:44.036 --> 0:44:45.916
<v Speaker 1>you wait and the motivation goes away, then you're never

0:44:45.956 --> 0:44:47.596
<v Speaker 1>going to wind up getting those benefits.

0:44:47.876 --> 0:44:48.436
<v Speaker 4>Exactly.

0:44:48.756 --> 0:44:51.116
<v Speaker 1>So, if someone's listening to this right now and they're thinking,

0:44:51.156 --> 0:44:53.116
<v Speaker 1>oh my gosh, I want to give, to give directly,

0:44:53.796 --> 0:44:55.756
<v Speaker 1>how do they lock it in? Do they like, pause

0:44:55.796 --> 0:44:56.716
<v Speaker 1>the episode and just go do.

0:44:56.676 --> 0:44:57.476
<v Speaker 4>A pos the episode?

0:44:57.516 --> 0:44:59.436
<v Speaker 11>Do it right now, Do not wait? That's right, because

0:44:59.476 --> 0:45:02.476
<v Speaker 11>that feeling will decay faster than you realize. And so

0:45:02.636 --> 0:45:04.916
<v Speaker 11>this is the moment to do it. Don't wait, don't delay.

0:45:05.076 --> 0:45:06.796
<v Speaker 11>You think you're going to do it tomorrow, but you won't,

0:45:07.116 --> 0:45:08.036
<v Speaker 11>so do it right now.

0:45:08.716 --> 0:45:21.116
<v Speaker 1>Okay, we're going to do a pause, so hopefully during

0:45:21.116 --> 0:45:23.596
<v Speaker 1>that little audio break, so folks pause the episode and

0:45:23.596 --> 0:45:25.916
<v Speaker 1>actually gave to give directly. But I'm guessing some folks

0:45:26.076 --> 0:45:29.316
<v Speaker 1>maybe couldn't do it immediately. Are there other social science

0:45:29.316 --> 0:45:31.636
<v Speaker 1>hacks we can use if we're motivated right now, but

0:45:31.676 --> 0:45:34.036
<v Speaker 1>we can actually hit like send immediately.

0:45:34.396 --> 0:45:34.636
<v Speaker 4>Yeah?

0:45:34.636 --> 0:45:35.116
<v Speaker 1>Absolutely.

0:45:35.116 --> 0:45:37.156
<v Speaker 11>Maybe you're driving right now, but you can talk to

0:45:37.276 --> 0:45:40.116
<v Speaker 11>a virtual assistant in your phone. You might ask it

0:45:40.236 --> 0:45:43.156
<v Speaker 11>to put a calendar alert in your calendar for later

0:45:43.196 --> 0:45:45.196
<v Speaker 11>today when you know you might have a moment, to

0:45:45.316 --> 0:45:48.316
<v Speaker 11>remind you to follow through and choose a specific time.

0:45:48.356 --> 0:45:51.116
<v Speaker 11>You could also ask that virtual assistant to send a ping,

0:45:51.476 --> 0:45:54.116
<v Speaker 11>a text, or an email to someone who can hold

0:45:54.156 --> 0:45:56.596
<v Speaker 11>you accountable and check in and say, hey, please ask

0:45:56.676 --> 0:46:01.356
<v Speaker 11>me when you see me, partner, roommate, friend tomorrow if

0:46:01.396 --> 0:46:03.996
<v Speaker 11>I've followed through on my pledge to give to give directly.

0:46:04.076 --> 0:46:07.036
<v Speaker 11>We know that social accountability and making concrete plans with

0:46:07.076 --> 0:46:09.756
<v Speaker 11>reminders are two ways we can hold our few yourself

0:46:10.036 --> 0:46:12.436
<v Speaker 11>to account for the things we want to get done.

0:46:12.636 --> 0:46:15.676
<v Speaker 1>And I especially love the social accountability suggestion because that

0:46:15.716 --> 0:46:18.116
<v Speaker 1>gives us a little bit of social connection and maybe,

0:46:18.196 --> 0:46:21.396
<v Speaker 1>just maybe that partner, friend, roommate might also donate to

0:46:21.396 --> 0:46:23.796
<v Speaker 1>give directly and get a little happiness boost themselves.

0:46:24.236 --> 0:46:26.756
<v Speaker 11>I love that perfect Yes, ask them to both nag

0:46:26.876 --> 0:46:28.076
<v Speaker 11>you and to give themselves.

0:46:29.036 --> 0:46:30.796
<v Speaker 1>Love this, Katie. Thank you so much for helping us

0:46:30.876 --> 0:46:33.116
<v Speaker 1>try to figure out how we can use our biases

0:46:33.156 --> 0:46:34.676
<v Speaker 1>to feel better and do better in the world.

0:46:34.876 --> 0:46:37.116
<v Speaker 11>Thanks so much for having me and for putting together

0:46:37.156 --> 0:46:40.076
<v Speaker 11>this wonderful compilation. I love gift directly and I'm really

0:46:40.116 --> 0:46:40.836
<v Speaker 11>excited about it.

0:46:41.596 --> 0:46:44.996
<v Speaker 1>Even small acts of generosity, a moment of encouragement, a

0:46:45.036 --> 0:46:47.996
<v Speaker 1>few kind words, ten bucks donated to a good cause

0:46:48.356 --> 0:46:51.756
<v Speaker 1>can have incredible ripple effects. And the sooner you act

0:46:51.796 --> 0:46:55.676
<v Speaker 1>on a charitable impulse, the sooner you'll experience that positive impact.

0:46:55.996 --> 0:46:58.876
<v Speaker 1>So go ahead and join the Pods Fight Poverty campaign

0:46:59.156 --> 0:47:03.596
<v Speaker 1>by donating at GiveDirectly dot org slash happiness Lab. That's

0:47:03.676 --> 0:47:07.356
<v Speaker 1>GiveDirectly dot org slash happiness Lab. And if you're not

0:47:07.396 --> 0:47:10.356
<v Speaker 1>in a position to give, that's fine. Maybe you'd consider

0:47:10.396 --> 0:47:13.516
<v Speaker 1>sharing our campaign with your friends and colleagues. Just use

0:47:13.516 --> 0:47:17.756
<v Speaker 1>the hashtag pods fight Poverty to raise awareness, fight extreme poverty,

0:47:18.036 --> 0:47:21.396
<v Speaker 1>and unwrap a little gift of happiness for yourself too.

0:47:21.916 --> 0:47:24.516
<v Speaker 1>The Happiness Lab will continue in the holiday spirit for

0:47:24.556 --> 0:47:27.516
<v Speaker 1>the rest of the year. Next week, we'll be tackling

0:47:27.556 --> 0:47:31.556
<v Speaker 1>your holiday happiness woes with a very hilarious special guest,

0:47:32.036 --> 0:47:36.316
<v Speaker 1>actor and podcaster Brain Wilson. That's all next time on

0:47:36.396 --> 0:47:39.156
<v Speaker 1>the Happiness Lab with me Doctor Laurie Santos,