1 00:00:09,119 --> 00:00:12,520 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to Saber production of iHeartRadio. I'm Annie Reese. 2 00:00:12,240 --> 00:00:14,240 Speaker 2: And I'm more in Vocal Bam, and today we have 3 00:00:14,280 --> 00:00:16,480 Speaker 2: an episode for you about Kiwi fruit. 4 00:00:17,840 --> 00:00:22,759 Speaker 1: Yes, yes, this is a This is one of those 5 00:00:22,760 --> 00:00:25,000 Speaker 1: that I was not expecting. A lot of the history 6 00:00:25,079 --> 00:00:26,000 Speaker 1: that I encountered. 7 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:30,400 Speaker 2: Yeah, I don't think I knew anything about this fruit, 8 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:34,760 Speaker 2: and it actually took me longer than I expected to 9 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:38,159 Speaker 2: figure out a number of things about it. 10 00:00:38,360 --> 00:00:42,839 Speaker 1: Yes, yep. Was there any particular reason this was on 11 00:00:42,920 --> 00:00:44,480 Speaker 1: your mind? Oh? 12 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:51,480 Speaker 2: Oh, I don't know anymore. I was thinking about plants, 13 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:54,400 Speaker 2: and then I guess maybe I was looking for something 14 00:00:54,440 --> 00:01:00,639 Speaker 2: that's vaguely seasonal and I was thinking about I mean, key, 15 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:02,080 Speaker 2: we aren't really seasonal right now. 16 00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:04,040 Speaker 1: But mm hmm. 17 00:01:05,640 --> 00:01:09,560 Speaker 2: But I do associate them with summer because they're so 18 00:01:09,760 --> 00:01:10,559 Speaker 2: bright and lovely. 19 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:19,160 Speaker 1: Yeah. I actually have very specific memories of Kiwi And 20 00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:23,160 Speaker 1: funnily enough, the next episode we're doing full episode not 21 00:01:23,240 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: a classic, it's related to it, even though it shouldn't 22 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:32,000 Speaker 1: be one. It's really funny. It brought back memories that 23 00:01:32,080 --> 00:01:35,840 Speaker 1: are from the same time. Uh, I didn't have much 24 00:01:35,880 --> 00:01:39,199 Speaker 1: Kiwi growing up at all. Oh, really, like, I'm not sure, 25 00:01:40,760 --> 00:01:41,360 Speaker 1: oh wow. 26 00:01:41,160 --> 00:01:44,320 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, yeah, I think I think my I think 27 00:01:44,319 --> 00:01:46,960 Speaker 2: I had them because my my dad was super familiar 28 00:01:46,959 --> 00:01:50,160 Speaker 2: with them from being restaurant industry and using them more 29 00:01:50,160 --> 00:01:54,000 Speaker 2: as a garnish than anything else. But what was also like, 30 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:56,800 Speaker 2: this garnish is really delicious. He introduced starfruit to me 31 00:01:56,840 --> 00:01:59,680 Speaker 2: the same way, and and I love both of those things. 32 00:01:59,680 --> 00:02:02,360 Speaker 2: So yeah, okay, but so yeah. 33 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:11,760 Speaker 1: Yes, So I did a summer abroad what is it called? 34 00:02:11,960 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 1: Oh my gosh, what is that called? But you live 35 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:17,600 Speaker 1: with the family. I basically lived with family in Europe, 36 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:25,120 Speaker 1: and the mom of the family was very health conscious, 37 00:02:25,639 --> 00:02:28,440 Speaker 1: and so the dessert we would have would be half 38 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:31,960 Speaker 1: of a kiwi and you would get a spoon and 39 00:02:32,120 --> 00:02:34,200 Speaker 1: spoon it out from the skin and you would eat 40 00:02:34,240 --> 00:02:37,080 Speaker 1: it that way, and it was actually delightful, like I 41 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:40,399 Speaker 1: had never done that. I hadn't experienced it that way. 42 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:44,120 Speaker 1: I was coming in expecting ice cream or whatever, but 43 00:02:44,200 --> 00:02:50,320 Speaker 1: it was such like a really refreshing, nice thing. So 44 00:02:50,400 --> 00:02:53,560 Speaker 1: I grew to love this tradition of like, here comes 45 00:02:53,680 --> 00:02:57,400 Speaker 1: the nightly kiwi that I could just scoop out with 46 00:02:56,840 --> 00:03:01,520 Speaker 1: my spoon. So every time I think of kiwi food, 47 00:03:01,520 --> 00:03:04,960 Speaker 1: I think of that I did have it in Australia, 48 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:08,680 Speaker 1: but the memories aren't strong. However, I did have it 49 00:03:08,720 --> 00:03:13,200 Speaker 1: in I had it in like smoothies a lot or 50 00:03:13,240 --> 00:03:17,560 Speaker 1: some kind of like drink concoction. But it's just funny 51 00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:20,240 Speaker 1: to me that the memory, the strongest memory I have 52 00:03:20,280 --> 00:03:21,720 Speaker 1: of kiwied is from. 53 00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:24,920 Speaker 2: Europe, not where from they're from. Yeah, you know. 54 00:03:25,240 --> 00:03:28,520 Speaker 1: And I actually had a very funny conversation with we 55 00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:32,880 Speaker 1: were having technical difficulties, as still happens even though we've 56 00:03:32,919 --> 00:03:37,040 Speaker 1: been doing this from our home for several years. When 57 00:03:37,160 --> 00:03:41,040 Speaker 1: friend of the show Eves was on the other show, 58 00:03:41,040 --> 00:03:45,000 Speaker 1: I'm on Sminty and I was just, you know, trying 59 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,200 Speaker 1: to take up time while we were trying to fix things, 60 00:03:47,200 --> 00:03:49,920 Speaker 1: and I was telling her this story and she was 61 00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:54,880 Speaker 1: like really so surprised. And I was like, so I 62 00:03:54,960 --> 00:03:58,280 Speaker 1: shouldn't buy a kiwi anymore if it's only from these places. 63 00:03:58,320 --> 00:03:59,920 Speaker 1: And I was like, well, hold on, I don't know 64 00:04:01,760 --> 00:04:03,800 Speaker 1: there's more to it than that, but it was just 65 00:04:04,440 --> 00:04:06,800 Speaker 1: it was funny, like when we get to share these 66 00:04:06,840 --> 00:04:09,200 Speaker 1: stories with people and they're like, what what. 67 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:14,200 Speaker 2: Yep yep, yep, yep, yep. This one does have some 68 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:16,880 Speaker 2: twist and turns it does it does? And they are 69 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:19,960 Speaker 2: not only from New Zealand, so that yes. 70 00:04:19,800 --> 00:04:24,840 Speaker 1: No, they are definitely not only no. But all right, 71 00:04:24,920 --> 00:04:25,719 Speaker 1: I guess that brings you. 72 00:04:26,160 --> 00:04:28,279 Speaker 2: Question, It brings us to a number of questions. I 73 00:04:28,279 --> 00:04:29,960 Speaker 2: believe it certainly does. 74 00:04:30,880 --> 00:04:35,840 Speaker 1: Kiwi fruit what is it? 75 00:04:36,560 --> 00:04:41,520 Speaker 2: Well, Kiwi fruit are a type of smallish, slightly oblong 76 00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:47,320 Speaker 2: fruit that have a thin ish edible ish skin. Sometimes 77 00:04:47,320 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 2: it's fuzzy, sometimes it's smooth. The fuzz is sometimes more 78 00:04:51,200 --> 00:04:53,919 Speaker 2: than you want to eat, but anyway, Yeah, and in flavor, 79 00:04:53,960 --> 00:04:56,960 Speaker 2: they're they're kind of sweet, tart and juicy and have 80 00:04:57,040 --> 00:05:00,480 Speaker 2: this like semi firm flesh. They're about the size shape 81 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:04,960 Speaker 2: of an extra large chicken egg if chicken eggs were 82 00:05:05,040 --> 00:05:07,279 Speaker 2: not tapered at one end, So just a little oval. 83 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:07,679 Speaker 1: Yeah. 84 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:11,120 Speaker 2: Their skin is usually brown, but their flesh comes in 85 00:05:11,200 --> 00:05:15,880 Speaker 2: a range of sort of just translucent colors, from green 86 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:19,599 Speaker 2: to golden to crimson. They'll all have this white core 87 00:05:20,160 --> 00:05:23,400 Speaker 2: running lengthwise through the center of the oval, off of 88 00:05:23,440 --> 00:05:26,919 Speaker 2: which you get this radial structure supporting the rest of 89 00:05:26,920 --> 00:05:30,400 Speaker 2: the flesh and these many tiny black seeds and it's 90 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:34,279 Speaker 2: just really pretty in cross section, like geometric stained glass. 91 00:05:35,200 --> 00:05:38,520 Speaker 2: The flavor is bright and a little bit like puckery, 92 00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:41,600 Speaker 2: like almost tannic, but gets sweeter as the fruit ripens, 93 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:46,320 Speaker 2: and it's kind of tropical fruity. Yeah. They're eaten mostly 94 00:05:46,480 --> 00:05:49,360 Speaker 2: fresh with or without their skin, or used as garnish, 95 00:05:49,440 --> 00:05:52,080 Speaker 2: but can also be blended into a juice for various 96 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:56,680 Speaker 2: drinks or dried. It's like it's like a little hand 97 00:05:56,680 --> 00:06:00,640 Speaker 2: grenade of flavor. At the same time, it can be 98 00:06:00,880 --> 00:06:05,560 Speaker 2: so delicate looking and decorative. It's like it's like a 99 00:06:05,560 --> 00:06:08,520 Speaker 2: piece of art in a museum that seems at first 100 00:06:08,520 --> 00:06:12,320 Speaker 2: glance kind kind of small or simple, or like merely pretty, 101 00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:14,240 Speaker 2: but then it just really hits. Yeah. 102 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:18,680 Speaker 1: Yeah, you have that moment where you're moved. 103 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:28,359 Speaker 2: Yeah, you're like, oh yeah, heck yeah, Okay. The term 104 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 2: kiwi fruit applies to the fruit of a bunch of 105 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:36,520 Speaker 2: different species in the genus Actinita actin media. Let's call 106 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:39,479 Speaker 2: it that. Sure, it's like seventy plus species. I've seen 107 00:06:39,560 --> 00:06:43,920 Speaker 2: numbers ranging from like fifty to seventy four. At any rate, 108 00:06:44,200 --> 00:06:46,760 Speaker 2: there's also a whole bunch of varieties within those species, 109 00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:49,000 Speaker 2: And I'm pretty sure people argue about which are actual 110 00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:53,560 Speaker 2: species in themselves, but sure, the plants that grow. Kiwi 111 00:06:53,640 --> 00:06:59,039 Speaker 2: fruit are climbing woody vines or maybe climbing woody shrubs 112 00:06:59,279 --> 00:07:02,000 Speaker 2: that can reach about thirty feet or nine meters long. 113 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:05,559 Speaker 2: They're usually grown on trellises a little bit like wine 114 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:08,640 Speaker 2: grapes are. And the plants will lose their leaves every 115 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:11,200 Speaker 2: year but keep growing back, I mean, assuming you don't 116 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:15,040 Speaker 2: kill it. They grow these wide, vady leaves and bloom 117 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:18,560 Speaker 2: with these really pretty, sometimes roughly white to yellow flowers. 118 00:07:19,240 --> 00:07:21,480 Speaker 2: The plants are either male or female, and you need 119 00:07:21,520 --> 00:07:23,400 Speaker 2: at least one of each to pollinate, because that's how 120 00:07:23,440 --> 00:07:26,640 Speaker 2: that works. And if that happens, the female flowers will 121 00:07:26,680 --> 00:07:30,400 Speaker 2: develop a fruit. And what's to me the super interesting 122 00:07:30,480 --> 00:07:33,080 Speaker 2: way that I like, we've talked about a bunch of 123 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 2: fruits before, and I don't think I'd ever encountered one 124 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:39,640 Speaker 2: exactly like this. This is this is where it took 125 00:07:39,680 --> 00:07:42,520 Speaker 2: me some extra time to figure stuff out. But okay, 126 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:49,040 Speaker 2: so let's talk let's talk basic flower botany. Yeah, so 127 00:07:50,040 --> 00:07:52,880 Speaker 2: you know, at the center of a flower's petals, the 128 00:07:52,880 --> 00:07:55,440 Speaker 2: petals are sort of like funneling down to a base 129 00:07:56,040 --> 00:07:59,080 Speaker 2: where there might be one or like a couple different 130 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:04,440 Speaker 2: kinds of threads coming up from the center. Yeah, these 131 00:08:04,440 --> 00:08:06,200 Speaker 2: are going to be that those threads are going to 132 00:08:06,240 --> 00:08:09,840 Speaker 2: be the flowers reproductive organs. If a plant has male parts, 133 00:08:09,960 --> 00:08:13,200 Speaker 2: some of those threads grow pollen. If the plant has 134 00:08:13,240 --> 00:08:16,200 Speaker 2: female parts, at least one of those threads is meant 135 00:08:16,240 --> 00:08:20,000 Speaker 2: to collect pollen and draw it down into the oval 136 00:08:20,360 --> 00:08:25,080 Speaker 2: at the base and pollinate it. Yeah. That that female structure, 137 00:08:25,200 --> 00:08:27,800 Speaker 2: the collector bit and the two bit and the oval 138 00:08:27,880 --> 00:08:33,560 Speaker 2: bit is called a carpal. Female kiwi flowers have dozens, 139 00:08:33,840 --> 00:08:37,480 Speaker 2: maybe hundreds of carpals that are all fused together at 140 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:41,520 Speaker 2: their base, and each one can be pollinated and grow seeds. 141 00:08:42,200 --> 00:08:46,920 Speaker 2: But since they're all fused, they grow protective and nourishing 142 00:08:47,400 --> 00:08:52,040 Speaker 2: and tasty flesh around those developing seeds all together. And 143 00:08:52,080 --> 00:08:55,079 Speaker 2: that's the that's the green stuff in your typical kiwi. 144 00:08:55,520 --> 00:08:59,920 Speaker 2: The white core is placental material and the carpals alrady 145 00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:04,040 Speaker 2: out from it. The structure of the many carpals and 146 00:09:04,080 --> 00:09:07,360 Speaker 2: the connective tissue around them is what gives kiwi fruit. 147 00:09:07,440 --> 00:09:10,120 Speaker 2: That that's sort of starburst pattern in a cross section. 148 00:09:10,960 --> 00:09:13,960 Speaker 2: And if you've ever gotten a kiwi that had a 149 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:17,280 Speaker 2: little like a little like like clump of thick hairs 150 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:20,560 Speaker 2: at one end like looking like a little sea anatomy. Yeah, 151 00:09:20,640 --> 00:09:23,360 Speaker 2: that's the very outer edges of a bunch of those carpels. 152 00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:26,920 Speaker 2: If you've noticed at the other end a stiff, kind 153 00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:29,320 Speaker 2: of leafy bits, that that's the base where the flower 154 00:09:29,559 --> 00:09:35,160 Speaker 2: and fruit attached to the stem. So okay, so that's 155 00:09:35,160 --> 00:09:41,160 Speaker 2: how that works. But meanwhile, why are some kiwis fuzzy? 156 00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:42,960 Speaker 1: I don't know. 157 00:09:44,120 --> 00:09:48,400 Speaker 2: Typically no one knows. That's boiler alert. This is still yeah, 158 00:09:48,880 --> 00:09:51,040 Speaker 2: we can't just ask them. We have to kind of 159 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:53,520 Speaker 2: sus it out, and it's sort of difficult. But okay, 160 00:09:54,080 --> 00:09:58,320 Speaker 2: some kiwis do have so much and such stiff fuzz 161 00:09:58,440 --> 00:10:01,679 Speaker 2: on their skin that the skin is considered inedible, And 162 00:10:01,760 --> 00:10:07,079 Speaker 2: basically no one knows why for sure, but researchers think, 163 00:10:08,720 --> 00:10:12,679 Speaker 2: based on research with peaches, which are originally from the 164 00:10:12,720 --> 00:10:16,520 Speaker 2: same region, researchers think that the little hairs on the 165 00:10:16,559 --> 00:10:20,480 Speaker 2: skin help physically shelter that the main body of the 166 00:10:20,480 --> 00:10:26,280 Speaker 2: fruit from hot sunlight and from dry wind, therefore letting 167 00:10:26,320 --> 00:10:29,320 Speaker 2: the fruit retain the moisture that it needs in order 168 00:10:29,360 --> 00:10:36,800 Speaker 2: to mature. Yeah. Also, other animals might find those fuzzy 169 00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:39,800 Speaker 2: skins as unpleasant as we do, and therefore avoid eating them. 170 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:45,720 Speaker 1: So yeah, well in a funny twist of your oh 171 00:10:45,800 --> 00:10:50,720 Speaker 1: humans like that. One of the reasons my host mother 172 00:10:50,960 --> 00:10:53,600 Speaker 1: at the place hosting in Europe liked it was that 173 00:10:53,640 --> 00:10:56,680 Speaker 1: it was kind of like a a bowl a little cups. 174 00:10:56,760 --> 00:10:59,520 Speaker 2: Yeah, it just comes to its own little serving cup. Sure, 175 00:11:01,440 --> 00:11:08,080 Speaker 2: so you know, you win some you loose them. Oh yeah, 176 00:11:08,120 --> 00:11:11,280 Speaker 2: that's that's how I grew up eating them too. Yeah, 177 00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 2: as an adult, I prefer appeeling them. But anyway, okay, 178 00:11:15,440 --> 00:11:19,920 Speaker 2: so yeah, kiwi are very hard and tart when they're unripe, 179 00:11:19,960 --> 00:11:22,800 Speaker 2: but they do soften and sweetened as they ripen. That 180 00:11:22,840 --> 00:11:25,200 Speaker 2: inner white bit will have a slightly different flavor and 181 00:11:25,240 --> 00:11:28,000 Speaker 2: a firmer texture than the rest of the fruit. The 182 00:11:28,040 --> 00:11:30,880 Speaker 2: seeds are very small, like poppy seed sized kind of 183 00:11:30,920 --> 00:11:35,040 Speaker 2: and like really pleasantly crunchy to me. Anyway. There are 184 00:11:35,160 --> 00:11:39,480 Speaker 2: specialized smaller varieties of kiwi fruit called kiwi berries, that 185 00:11:39,600 --> 00:11:42,200 Speaker 2: are about the size of table grapes and have like 186 00:11:42,240 --> 00:11:45,080 Speaker 2: a bright green or red purple skin. When they're ripe, 187 00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:50,160 Speaker 2: their skin is smooth and fine to eat. They're apparently 188 00:11:50,200 --> 00:11:54,600 Speaker 2: frost hardier, and I've read that they're tastier. I have 189 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:59,480 Speaker 2: never had these I don't know, you write in yes, yeah, 190 00:11:59,720 --> 00:12:05,600 Speaker 2: need to know about them. I love it whenever I 191 00:12:05,679 --> 00:12:08,840 Speaker 2: find articles talking about the exact flavor compounds that make 192 00:12:09,160 --> 00:12:12,160 Speaker 2: a fruit taste like what it is, so okay. Some 193 00:12:12,200 --> 00:12:16,120 Speaker 2: of the flavor compounds that make up kiwi flavor include 194 00:12:16,559 --> 00:12:21,120 Speaker 2: ethyl butyrate, which is sort of like pineapply orangey, methyl 195 00:12:21,360 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 2: bends weight, which is a sort of fruity floral sharp flavor, 196 00:12:26,679 --> 00:12:30,079 Speaker 2: and e to hexanal, which is sort of fruity green. 197 00:12:32,040 --> 00:12:36,960 Speaker 2: Makes sense, it does, I don't know if it's yeah, 198 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:39,040 Speaker 2: I don't know if I pronounce those correctly. I'm not 199 00:12:39,160 --> 00:12:43,679 Speaker 2: going to go back right now. And so yeah, you 200 00:12:43,720 --> 00:12:48,319 Speaker 2: can eat them fresh, or incorporate them into as a garnish, 201 00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:52,200 Speaker 2: or incorporate them into any number of dishes. But of note, 202 00:12:52,520 --> 00:12:56,760 Speaker 2: rack KYW contains an enzyme that's fairly good at dissolving 203 00:12:56,840 --> 00:13:00,680 Speaker 2: proteins of certain types, So like if you put slices 204 00:13:00,800 --> 00:13:05,000 Speaker 2: or chunks or juice of kiwi into something that contains 205 00:13:05,160 --> 00:13:09,720 Speaker 2: dairy or gelatin, they'll kind of start melting, or like 206 00:13:09,760 --> 00:13:13,439 Speaker 2: the gelatin will never gel in the first place. And 207 00:13:13,559 --> 00:13:16,360 Speaker 2: the enzyme in particular is named after that KWE genus. 208 00:13:17,640 --> 00:13:26,120 Speaker 2: Oh well, what about the nutrition by themselves? A kiwi 209 00:13:26,120 --> 00:13:28,440 Speaker 2: fruit are pretty good for you, high in fiber and 210 00:13:28,480 --> 00:13:31,520 Speaker 2: with a bunch of micronutrients, including just a lot of 211 00:13:31,600 --> 00:13:36,480 Speaker 2: vitamin C whole bunch. And they're relatively low and sugar 212 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:38,720 Speaker 2: compared with a lot of other fruit, so they will 213 00:13:38,720 --> 00:13:40,880 Speaker 2: help fill you up. But to keep you going, you know, 214 00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:43,840 Speaker 2: eat a protein in a fat Yeah. 215 00:13:44,600 --> 00:13:49,800 Speaker 1: Yeah, we do have some numbers for you, we do. 216 00:13:50,040 --> 00:13:52,760 Speaker 2: Uh Okay. So, in the first decade of the twenty 217 00:13:52,760 --> 00:13:57,480 Speaker 2: first century, global production of kiwifruit increased by over fifty percent, 218 00:13:59,240 --> 00:14:04,320 Speaker 2: But even given that it was still only zero point 219 00:14:04,360 --> 00:14:08,079 Speaker 2: two two percent of total fruit production around the world. 220 00:14:10,400 --> 00:14:14,920 Speaker 1: Still a big business though, Oh yeah yeah. In twenty fifteen, 221 00:14:15,080 --> 00:14:19,880 Speaker 1: kiwifruit dumed up and estimated one point zero five billion 222 00:14:19,960 --> 00:14:22,720 Speaker 1: dollars in exports for New Zealand. 223 00:14:22,960 --> 00:14:29,320 Speaker 2: Woo hoofta yep. However, just a year previous to that, 224 00:14:29,360 --> 00:14:33,680 Speaker 2: in twenty fourteen, China had become the top producer of kiwifruit. 225 00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:37,800 Speaker 2: So and yeah, they produce a little over half the 226 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:43,040 Speaker 2: global supply. Today they're also the top consumer. Other large 227 00:14:43,080 --> 00:14:50,200 Speaker 2: producers include Italy, Iran, and Chile. As of twenty twenty, three, 228 00:14:50,680 --> 00:14:53,720 Speaker 2: the global market for kiwifruit was estimated at one point 229 00:14:53,760 --> 00:14:57,680 Speaker 2: eight billion dollars and growing a tiny bit earlier. As 230 00:14:57,680 --> 00:15:00,000 Speaker 2: of twenty twenty, that amounted to some four point four 231 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:02,280 Speaker 2: a million tons of kiwifruit. 232 00:15:03,480 --> 00:15:04,080 Speaker 1: Wow. 233 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:11,240 Speaker 2: Furthermore, I was reading that apparently as much as thirty 234 00:15:11,320 --> 00:15:15,280 Speaker 2: percent of kiwifruits that are harvested wind up getting rejected. 235 00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:22,480 Speaker 1: Oh oh no, like. 236 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:28,920 Speaker 2: On the dating scene I relate to, and can they 237 00:15:28,960 --> 00:15:33,880 Speaker 2: can still be used for for you know, blending or 238 00:15:34,200 --> 00:15:41,880 Speaker 2: other extras? Oh body, okay, all right, let's bring it back. 239 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:44,000 Speaker 1: Let's bring it back. Let's let's do a Guinness record. 240 00:15:44,040 --> 00:15:44,480 Speaker 1: All right. 241 00:15:45,160 --> 00:15:48,720 Speaker 2: There are world records on file for both time to 242 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:55,960 Speaker 2: peel and eat one kiwifruit and three kiwifruit. Both are 243 00:15:55,960 --> 00:15:58,920 Speaker 2: held by the same person, and both were achieved in 244 00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:02,440 Speaker 2: New York, but not at the same time. The record 245 00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:08,840 Speaker 2: for one is five point three five seconds that that 246 00:16:08,920 --> 00:16:11,840 Speaker 2: was set in two thousand and eight. The record for 247 00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:15,560 Speaker 2: three is twenty one point one seconds, and that was 248 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:16,640 Speaker 2: set in twenty eleven. 249 00:16:18,680 --> 00:16:21,360 Speaker 1: I would love to read the strategy, you know, the 250 00:16:21,440 --> 00:16:25,240 Speaker 1: thought process. I'm terrible appealing things. 251 00:16:25,560 --> 00:16:29,880 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, I'm the worst ad pealing things. 252 00:16:30,680 --> 00:16:35,600 Speaker 1: I have a scar. Oh that's good. I even bought 253 00:16:35,600 --> 00:16:38,400 Speaker 1: a peeler to try to help, and that was where 254 00:16:38,440 --> 00:16:39,760 Speaker 1: I got the scar from. Because I don't know how 255 00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:40,360 Speaker 1: to use peeler. 256 00:16:40,480 --> 00:16:42,240 Speaker 2: I was about to say, that usually makes it worse. 257 00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:43,880 Speaker 1: I sure did. 258 00:16:44,080 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 2: If you can just use the edge of a spoon, 259 00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:52,920 Speaker 2: that's honestly the best. Okay in most cases, Okay, I 260 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:55,480 Speaker 2: usually just ignore it, says the peal, and then I 261 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:56,120 Speaker 2: deal with it. 262 00:16:58,040 --> 00:17:00,760 Speaker 1: I'm sure everyone. It's so funny because because we're both 263 00:17:00,960 --> 00:17:04,920 Speaker 1: kind of not in the chef like cooking world. Oh yeah, no, 264 00:17:05,119 --> 00:17:07,399 Speaker 1: So a lot of times people were like listening to 265 00:17:07,440 --> 00:17:09,199 Speaker 1: a food show and they hear us talk about how 266 00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:14,160 Speaker 1: we don't know how to heal something terrifying. I understand, 267 00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:18,879 Speaker 1: but it's fine. 268 00:17:18,960 --> 00:17:21,920 Speaker 2: It's not our specialty. Look, I we never we never 269 00:17:21,960 --> 00:17:23,320 Speaker 2: claimed to be experts that. 270 00:17:24,200 --> 00:17:27,480 Speaker 1: No, we remind you all the time that we're not. 271 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:31,440 Speaker 1: We're we bring you the geeky science and history. We're 272 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:33,560 Speaker 1: speaking of the history of this one. 273 00:17:33,960 --> 00:17:37,280 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, yeah, it goes in some places, it does, 274 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:40,040 Speaker 2: and we are going to get into that as soon 275 00:17:40,040 --> 00:17:41,880 Speaker 2: as we get back from a quick break forward from 276 00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:53,920 Speaker 2: our sponsors and we're back. Thank you sponsors, Yes, thank you. 277 00:17:55,040 --> 00:17:58,280 Speaker 1: And we are back with so much controversy, oh yep, 278 00:17:59,160 --> 00:18:02,119 Speaker 1: oh dear and twists. I think this will probably not 279 00:18:02,119 --> 00:18:03,840 Speaker 1: be surprising for a lot of people, but for me, 280 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:09,560 Speaker 1: it really was. It was. The kiwi fruit is believed 281 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:13,000 Speaker 1: to have originated in China, where it has been around 282 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:15,919 Speaker 1: for thousands of years. One of the first mentions of 283 00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:19,000 Speaker 1: it came out of South China, and first millennium BCE 284 00:18:19,400 --> 00:18:23,720 Speaker 1: poetry and records indicate that it was being domesticated there 285 00:18:24,119 --> 00:18:30,400 Speaker 1: in eighth century BCE. I get so confused with these dates, 286 00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:36,680 Speaker 1: but yeah, it was there early on, I will say, great, yeah, yes, 287 00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:41,440 Speaker 1: and it was called the macaque fruit. I believe that's 288 00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:45,359 Speaker 1: how you pronounce it, the monkey the macaque due to 289 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:49,480 Speaker 1: how these monkeys loved it. And that's according to a 290 00:18:49,680 --> 00:18:54,960 Speaker 1: sixteenth century medicinal encyclopedia out of China. But the English, 291 00:18:55,760 --> 00:19:02,520 Speaker 1: to cause confusion, called it the Chinese gooseberry, which stuck, 292 00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:08,639 Speaker 1: especially in a lot of our western records. The kiwi 293 00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:12,560 Speaker 1: fruit arrived in France by the seventeen forties ish, but 294 00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:16,760 Speaker 1: it didn't really catch much attention, especially culinarrowly. I feel 295 00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:18,240 Speaker 1: like a lot of people are like oh this is pretty, 296 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:23,560 Speaker 1: but didn't do anything outside of that, which speaking of. 297 00:19:23,840 --> 00:19:27,560 Speaker 1: By the nineteenth century, kiwi fruit was introduced in Europe 298 00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:29,879 Speaker 1: at large, and then soon after to the US, but 299 00:19:29,960 --> 00:19:35,040 Speaker 1: many botanists viewed it as something interesting esthetically, especially, but 300 00:19:35,119 --> 00:19:35,959 Speaker 1: that was pretty much it. 301 00:19:36,080 --> 00:19:39,800 Speaker 2: They were just kind of like, oh, look at this, yeah, 302 00:19:39,840 --> 00:19:43,280 Speaker 2: and there were there were probably a few reasons for that. 303 00:19:43,320 --> 00:19:47,359 Speaker 2: There hadn't been a whole lot of attention paid to 304 00:19:47,600 --> 00:19:51,320 Speaker 2: developing different varieties of kiwi fruit yet at that point, 305 00:19:51,400 --> 00:19:53,879 Speaker 2: and so like, maybe it wasn't that tasty. Maybe it 306 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:56,720 Speaker 2: was mostly aesthetic, but also certainly if you did have 307 00:19:56,720 --> 00:20:00,840 Speaker 2: a really tasty one, it's sort of finicky to harvest 308 00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:04,840 Speaker 2: and to pack and transport, so it wouldn't have gotten 309 00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:07,240 Speaker 2: that far, right. 310 00:20:08,920 --> 00:20:11,520 Speaker 1: There were a lot of factors that went into that. 311 00:20:12,680 --> 00:20:15,119 Speaker 1: But it was interesting to me because they were trying, 312 00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:19,720 Speaker 1: maybe perhaps not giving it the full effort it served, 313 00:20:20,960 --> 00:20:24,560 Speaker 1: but they were trying. For instance, in eighteen forty seven, 314 00:20:24,720 --> 00:20:29,680 Speaker 1: the Royal Horticultural Society planted kiwi fruit seeds, and then 315 00:20:30,760 --> 00:20:33,520 Speaker 1: in nineteen oh four, the principal of an all girls 316 00:20:33,520 --> 00:20:36,360 Speaker 1: school named Mary Isabel Fraser came back to New Zealand 317 00:20:36,400 --> 00:20:40,800 Speaker 1: from China with Chinese gooseberry seeds. She gave the seeds 318 00:20:40,840 --> 00:20:44,080 Speaker 1: to a farmer named Alexander Allison, who went on to 319 00:20:44,119 --> 00:20:48,080 Speaker 1: plant them in a riverside town and a couple of 320 00:20:48,119 --> 00:20:50,720 Speaker 1: years later, in nineteen ten, they fruited. 321 00:20:52,359 --> 00:20:56,359 Speaker 2: That is a pretty average turnaround for planting to actually 322 00:20:56,440 --> 00:20:59,160 Speaker 2: fruiting from seeds to fruit. Yeah, it takes a couple 323 00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:02,600 Speaker 2: of years for the to get going anyway. Yeah, it's 324 00:21:02,640 --> 00:21:06,680 Speaker 2: thought that up through the nineteen seventies at least all 325 00:21:06,760 --> 00:21:11,760 Speaker 2: commercially grown kiwi fruit varieties in New Zealand were from 326 00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:13,480 Speaker 2: this one original seedstock. 327 00:21:14,880 --> 00:21:15,240 Speaker 1: Wow. 328 00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:16,440 Speaker 2: Yeah. 329 00:21:16,480 --> 00:21:20,320 Speaker 1: But a lot of selection went into kiwi production in 330 00:21:20,359 --> 00:21:23,000 Speaker 1: New Zealand at this time, especially with the goal of 331 00:21:23,040 --> 00:21:27,280 Speaker 1: producing larger fruits, and one of the most successful was 332 00:21:27,320 --> 00:21:31,000 Speaker 1: the Hayward variety, which was a green fleshed fruit named 333 00:21:31,000 --> 00:21:31,840 Speaker 1: after its inventor. 334 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:35,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, and that is probably the kind that you're thinking 335 00:21:35,160 --> 00:21:37,480 Speaker 2: of when you think of a kiwi, Yes, unless you 336 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:38,800 Speaker 2: think of a gold kind, and then it's not. 337 00:21:39,440 --> 00:21:43,280 Speaker 1: Yes, which we'll talk about in a minute. Oh yeah. Yeah. 338 00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:45,760 Speaker 1: Also around this time, folks in the US and UK 339 00:21:46,040 --> 00:21:50,040 Speaker 1: continued to experiment with making the kiwi fruit to commercial crop. 340 00:21:50,760 --> 00:21:53,639 Speaker 1: But neither attempts really worked out on a large scale. 341 00:21:53,640 --> 00:21:58,200 Speaker 1: There were some successes, but most of them didn't really Yeah, yeah, yes, 342 00:21:58,680 --> 00:22:01,320 Speaker 1: But the kiwi fruit. It was a popular crop in 343 00:22:01,400 --> 00:22:06,200 Speaker 1: New Zealand by nineteen forty and Americans and British people 344 00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:09,920 Speaker 1: stationed in New Zealand during World War two really got 345 00:22:09,920 --> 00:22:12,720 Speaker 1: a taste for them, and that led to growing exports 346 00:22:12,960 --> 00:22:21,000 Speaker 1: to those countries. And then on June fifteenth and nineteen 347 00:22:21,080 --> 00:22:26,360 Speaker 1: fifty nine, agricultural exporters, turners, and growers dubbed the kiwi 348 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:31,440 Speaker 1: which was then still being called the Chinese gooseberry. Yes 349 00:22:32,240 --> 00:22:39,080 Speaker 1: by especially Western folks. They dubbed this crop that they 350 00:22:39,080 --> 00:22:42,240 Speaker 1: were sending to the US the Kiwi fruit for a 351 00:22:42,280 --> 00:22:45,320 Speaker 1: couple of reasons. They thought that they needed to lose 352 00:22:45,400 --> 00:22:51,479 Speaker 1: the gooseberry since gooseberries weren't popular. They debated several names, 353 00:22:51,520 --> 00:22:58,280 Speaker 1: including melanet Okay, until they decided on Kiwi fruit after 354 00:22:58,880 --> 00:23:02,919 Speaker 1: the national flightless bird, which is this small, furry brown 355 00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:06,520 Speaker 1: creature kind of looks like a kiwi. 356 00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:08,399 Speaker 2: Friend, about the size of a chicken. You have feathers 357 00:23:08,400 --> 00:23:09,000 Speaker 2: are kind of fuzzy. 358 00:23:09,119 --> 00:23:15,359 Speaker 1: Yeah, yep, And through all of this, over time, kiwi 359 00:23:15,560 --> 00:23:21,320 Speaker 1: became a term for New Zealanders. But also I wanted 360 00:23:21,359 --> 00:23:25,080 Speaker 1: to point out because this always fascinates me. Uh. This 361 00:23:25,240 --> 00:23:27,800 Speaker 1: name change was in part due to the fact that berries, 362 00:23:28,480 --> 00:23:34,439 Speaker 1: like gooseberries, were subject to massive tariffs, so perhaps trying 363 00:23:34,480 --> 00:23:38,000 Speaker 1: to like to avoid Yeah, I wouldn't say like skirt 364 00:23:38,400 --> 00:23:40,480 Speaker 1: any terms the kind of skirts. 365 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:47,679 Speaker 2: Yeah, and I will say kiwi fruit are botanically a berry. 366 00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:55,520 Speaker 2: And furthermore, etmology wise, or I guess, vocabulary wise, linguistics wise, 367 00:23:57,040 --> 00:24:01,280 Speaker 2: you do not hear people say just the word kiwi 368 00:24:01,359 --> 00:24:08,040 Speaker 2: to refer to this fruit, certainly in New Zealand, right, yes, 369 00:24:08,200 --> 00:24:11,280 Speaker 2: which is why I have been referring to them as 370 00:24:11,480 --> 00:24:13,919 Speaker 2: kiwi fruit this whole time. Here in the States, you 371 00:24:14,000 --> 00:24:19,080 Speaker 2: definitely just called them kiwi's right, yeah, yeah, that's true. Right, 372 00:24:19,160 --> 00:24:21,680 Speaker 2: And then let us know, yeah, yeah. 373 00:24:21,600 --> 00:24:27,840 Speaker 1: Yes, but slowly but surely demand for this product grew 374 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:31,440 Speaker 1: and the marketing really took root. By the nineteen seventies, 375 00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:36,080 Speaker 1: the term kiwi had really taken hold and really cemented 376 00:24:36,080 --> 00:24:39,440 Speaker 1: it as a New Zealand product. 377 00:24:39,160 --> 00:24:42,119 Speaker 2: In the minds of Americans. Yeah, yeah, yes, definitely. 378 00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:44,600 Speaker 1: And this was during the Cultural Revolution in China, which 379 00:24:44,680 --> 00:24:48,159 Speaker 1: was a time of turmoil. So that's where a lot 380 00:24:48,160 --> 00:24:52,960 Speaker 1: of kiwi fruit was coming from, and Kiwi Fruit was 381 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:59,440 Speaker 1: officially chosen as the trade name in nineteen seventy four. Yeah. 382 00:24:59,640 --> 00:25:03,560 Speaker 1: Another marketing campaign launched from New Zealand companies in nineteen 383 00:25:03,600 --> 00:25:07,880 Speaker 1: seventy four marketed the fruit in Europe pretty strongly in 384 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:11,280 Speaker 1: mini markets. It was expensive up until the nineteen eighties, 385 00:25:11,280 --> 00:25:13,440 Speaker 1: but by the nineteen nineties it was pretty well known 386 00:25:13,600 --> 00:25:18,160 Speaker 1: and available ish. It was also somewhat viewed and marketed 387 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:19,520 Speaker 1: as a super food. 388 00:25:19,800 --> 00:25:24,880 Speaker 2: Yeah. And this was also around when production in other 389 00:25:24,920 --> 00:25:28,680 Speaker 2: countries had started to take hold. Exports from New Zealand 390 00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:31,280 Speaker 2: had started back in the nineteen sixties, and by the 391 00:25:31,359 --> 00:25:36,480 Speaker 2: nineteen eighties a number of commercial ventures were reaching fruition 392 00:25:37,480 --> 00:25:40,240 Speaker 2: And I am not sorry about that pun not at all. 393 00:25:40,800 --> 00:25:40,960 Speaker 1: Where. 394 00:25:43,240 --> 00:25:46,600 Speaker 2: One of those countries where commercial production took hold for 395 00:25:46,640 --> 00:25:51,639 Speaker 2: the first time during all of this was China. One 396 00:25:51,840 --> 00:25:55,160 Speaker 2: source said that the first commercial crop was not planted 397 00:25:55,200 --> 00:25:56,920 Speaker 2: there until nineteen seventy eight. 398 00:25:59,280 --> 00:26:06,040 Speaker 1: Oh well, this is where a turn a turn. Oh yes, okay, okay. 399 00:26:06,600 --> 00:26:10,120 Speaker 1: So in twenty ten, one of New Zealand's most popular 400 00:26:10,200 --> 00:26:14,159 Speaker 1: kiwi varieties, a yellow flesh variety called sun Gold, was 401 00:26:14,160 --> 00:26:16,640 Speaker 1: cultivated after the rest of the kiwi crop had been 402 00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:21,960 Speaker 1: ravaged by a disease called PSA. It costs the country's 403 00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:29,160 Speaker 1: kiwi industry about nine hundred million New Zealand dollars. Whoa, Yeah, 404 00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:33,320 Speaker 1: and this led to funding and research into other varieties 405 00:26:34,040 --> 00:26:37,880 Speaker 1: of these. Gold three or sun Gold, was the biggest success. 406 00:26:38,520 --> 00:26:40,720 Speaker 1: It had all the hallmarks of what people looked for 407 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:45,800 Speaker 1: in a kiwi, but was also resistant to PSA. Zespri, 408 00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:49,280 Speaker 1: the company behind all of this, moved quickly to get 409 00:26:49,320 --> 00:26:54,280 Speaker 1: exclusive rights for this variety. Soon the popularity of gold 410 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:58,120 Speaker 1: kiwifruits surpassed out of green and it helped the country 411 00:26:58,359 --> 00:27:00,760 Speaker 1: rebuild their kiwifruit industry. 412 00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:06,000 Speaker 2: Yeah, Zespri studied over fifty thousand varieties in order to 413 00:27:06,119 --> 00:27:08,560 Speaker 2: arrive at the sun Gold. I think it was like 414 00:27:08,680 --> 00:27:11,879 Speaker 2: fifty thousand down to like forty that they really tested 415 00:27:11,920 --> 00:27:17,320 Speaker 2: with down to like two or three that they finally 416 00:27:17,440 --> 00:27:20,520 Speaker 2: arrived at, Sun Gold being one of them. Like, farmers 417 00:27:20,560 --> 00:27:22,840 Speaker 2: have to pay Zespri for the license to plant these, 418 00:27:24,000 --> 00:27:27,400 Speaker 2: which is like half over half a million bucks per hector, 419 00:27:27,800 --> 00:27:30,160 Speaker 2: which is about two and a half acres, So it's 420 00:27:30,200 --> 00:27:34,119 Speaker 2: a hefty it's a hefty license fee. But yeah, the 421 00:27:34,119 --> 00:27:37,159 Speaker 2: fruit was super popular, and the business grew to the 422 00:27:37,200 --> 00:27:41,320 Speaker 2: point that Zespri controls about a third of the global 423 00:27:41,359 --> 00:27:44,560 Speaker 2: market for kiwifruit period. 424 00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:52,399 Speaker 1: H But in twenty sixteen, the company got wind that 425 00:27:52,560 --> 00:27:57,000 Speaker 1: sun gold had been spotted growing in China. They hired 426 00:27:57,040 --> 00:28:01,160 Speaker 1: private investigators to look into the claim. They eventually traced 427 00:28:01,280 --> 00:28:04,280 Speaker 1: the source to a smuggler who had stuck in sun 428 00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:07,919 Speaker 1: gold sprouts to China and sold them for a hefty 429 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:09,399 Speaker 1: pinia a good amount. 430 00:28:10,080 --> 00:28:13,840 Speaker 2: I read that the perpetrator was a Chinese New Zealander 431 00:28:14,440 --> 00:28:17,159 Speaker 2: who had been working as a kiwi farmer for several years, 432 00:28:17,560 --> 00:28:20,600 Speaker 2: and that he didn't really intend to smuggle the fruit. 433 00:28:20,720 --> 00:28:23,600 Speaker 2: He just wanted to share it and share some of 434 00:28:23,640 --> 00:28:27,040 Speaker 2: his farming knowledge about it. He claimed that he never 435 00:28:27,080 --> 00:28:31,399 Speaker 2: actually made any money on it, but I don't know. 436 00:28:31,440 --> 00:28:34,520 Speaker 2: I wasn't there. No, yeah, I wasn't either. 437 00:28:35,480 --> 00:28:41,560 Speaker 1: Well. New Zealand's High Court eventually ruled against him and 438 00:28:41,640 --> 00:28:46,920 Speaker 1: he was heavily fined for about twelve million New Zealand dollars. However, 439 00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:51,200 Speaker 1: in many ways it was too late for Zestpree. Sun 440 00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:54,840 Speaker 1: gold was in China and it was spreading, And isn't 441 00:28:54,840 --> 00:29:02,240 Speaker 1: it ironic, don't you think? In the great words of 442 00:29:02,280 --> 00:29:03,000 Speaker 1: a lot of skins. 443 00:29:08,720 --> 00:29:12,719 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, but you know, you know that that plucky 444 00:29:12,720 --> 00:29:16,920 Speaker 2: little corporate entity just kept going as Zesprie co founded 445 00:29:16,920 --> 00:29:20,080 Speaker 2: the Kiwi Fruit Breeding Center in twenty twenty one to 446 00:29:20,400 --> 00:29:21,320 Speaker 2: continue research. 447 00:29:23,360 --> 00:29:26,400 Speaker 1: Wow, I mean I didn't know. I didn't know any 448 00:29:26,440 --> 00:29:26,680 Speaker 1: of this. 449 00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:29,080 Speaker 2: Yeah, no, zero percent, no idea. 450 00:29:30,040 --> 00:29:33,600 Speaker 1: I don't think I've ever had a gold flesh Kiwi fruit. 451 00:29:33,720 --> 00:29:37,120 Speaker 2: I've seen them, but they've been a little expensive, so 452 00:29:37,400 --> 00:29:40,280 Speaker 2: I've never never sprung for him. But now I guess 453 00:29:40,280 --> 00:29:43,040 Speaker 2: I'll have to and if I can, if I can 454 00:29:43,080 --> 00:29:45,320 Speaker 2: find some Kiwi berries, this is what I'm really interested in. 455 00:29:45,400 --> 00:29:47,320 Speaker 2: I'm like, I'm like, wait, they're smaller, you can eat 456 00:29:47,320 --> 00:29:48,600 Speaker 2: the skin, and they're tastier. 457 00:29:49,400 --> 00:29:59,160 Speaker 1: Yeah, that's rude. How dare you? Okay? Well, I feel 458 00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:01,520 Speaker 1: like there's a lot of quiquestions you listeners could answer 459 00:30:01,560 --> 00:30:05,080 Speaker 1: about this one. But in the meantime, I think that's 460 00:30:05,120 --> 00:30:07,280 Speaker 1: what we have to say about the Kiwi fruit for now. 461 00:30:07,480 --> 00:30:07,920 Speaker 1: It is. 462 00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:10,800 Speaker 2: We do already have some listener mail for you, though, 463 00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:12,480 Speaker 2: and we are going to get into that after we 464 00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:14,800 Speaker 2: take one more quick break for a word from our sponsors, 465 00:30:24,320 --> 00:30:27,360 Speaker 2: and we're back. Thank you sponsor, Yes, thank you, and 466 00:30:27,400 --> 00:30:28,040 Speaker 2: we're back with. 467 00:30:38,440 --> 00:30:49,920 Speaker 1: Trying to fly sometimes, you know. Yeah, Oh my gosh, 468 00:30:49,960 --> 00:30:52,000 Speaker 1: which is a good segue into this one, kind of 469 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,800 Speaker 1: into the sexon one. And Lauren, if you haven't looked 470 00:30:54,800 --> 00:30:58,880 Speaker 1: at the link that I've included, you must, okay, clicking. 471 00:30:58,600 --> 00:30:59,440 Speaker 2: On it right now? 472 00:31:00,160 --> 00:31:06,080 Speaker 1: You must, all right, Susan wrote, Oh Annie, bless your soul. Martha, 473 00:31:06,160 --> 00:31:10,000 Speaker 1: the last Passenger Pigeon doesn't just have a memorial plaque 474 00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:13,520 Speaker 1: at the Cincinnati Zoo. She has a memorial pagoda, one 475 00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:17,360 Speaker 1: of the last remaining Avery's from bygone years. The last 476 00:31:17,400 --> 00:31:19,920 Speaker 1: time I was at the zoo last year, I tried 477 00:31:19,960 --> 00:31:21,760 Speaker 1: going in, but the lights were off, and even though 478 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:25,840 Speaker 1: it's basically a gore fled closet, I couldn't see anything 479 00:31:26,160 --> 00:31:28,880 Speaker 1: and had to leave pretty much right away. I haven't 480 00:31:28,880 --> 00:31:31,880 Speaker 1: taken any pictures of the pagoda since having a digital 481 00:31:31,920 --> 00:31:34,720 Speaker 1: camera or cell phone, but here's a link to the 482 00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:38,080 Speaker 1: blog post about the renovated pagoda in twenty fourteen, that 483 00:31:38,240 --> 00:31:45,000 Speaker 1: one hundredth anniversary of Martha's death. Listeners, Oh, it is 484 00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:46,720 Speaker 1: a site. It is a site. 485 00:31:47,240 --> 00:31:48,560 Speaker 2: There's a beautiful statue. 486 00:31:48,720 --> 00:31:51,680 Speaker 1: Yes, oh my gosh, it is more epic than I 487 00:31:51,680 --> 00:31:59,080 Speaker 1: could have imagined. But the letter goes on. Besides the 488 00:31:59,080 --> 00:32:02,440 Speaker 1: glory that is Jungle Gyms. Cincinnati boast a zoo that 489 00:32:02,560 --> 00:32:06,120 Speaker 1: is world famous for its exhibits and conservation efforts. If 490 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:08,320 Speaker 1: you're ever in town, hit it up. It's a fun 491 00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:13,400 Speaker 1: place to visit. Oh my, like this Jungle Gym has 492 00:32:13,440 --> 00:32:14,479 Speaker 1: come up several times. 493 00:32:15,480 --> 00:32:18,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, but I love his. I love a zoo. 494 00:32:18,360 --> 00:32:18,760 Speaker 2: I love a. 495 00:32:18,800 --> 00:32:23,640 Speaker 1: Zoo too, and I just can't stress enough. Look up this. 496 00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:25,800 Speaker 1: Look up Martha's pagoda. 497 00:32:26,480 --> 00:32:29,280 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a good pagoda. 498 00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:32,960 Speaker 1: It looks real solid, you know it does. And it's 499 00:32:32,960 --> 00:32:37,680 Speaker 1: a It's a statement, is what I'll say. And I'm 500 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:45,120 Speaker 1: sorry I misspoke. Martha. Much more, much more than a plaque, 501 00:32:45,480 --> 00:32:46,120 Speaker 1: much more. 502 00:32:46,360 --> 00:32:50,880 Speaker 2: Oh yes, yes, so very very noble statue. 503 00:32:52,400 --> 00:32:53,640 Speaker 1: Thank you. This is wonderful. 504 00:32:55,840 --> 00:32:59,080 Speaker 2: Seamus wrote, Hello, I listened to a lot of your 505 00:32:59,120 --> 00:33:01,800 Speaker 2: episodes on a recent long drive. When you did your 506 00:33:01,880 --> 00:33:04,600 Speaker 2: Quaker Oats episode, I was not prepared for how big 507 00:33:04,600 --> 00:33:07,280 Speaker 2: the company would get. It's like how the Special Yarns 508 00:33:07,280 --> 00:33:11,080 Speaker 2: company ended up making Bell helicopters. I like to get 509 00:33:11,080 --> 00:33:15,400 Speaker 2: old newspaper recipes from online archives and found this ad 510 00:33:15,480 --> 00:33:18,240 Speaker 2: in the Fort Worth Texas Star Telegram from May of 511 00:33:18,360 --> 00:33:21,880 Speaker 2: nineteen thirty three. The depression was on and the company 512 00:33:21,960 --> 00:33:24,520 Speaker 2: has official looking charts to show you why you should 513 00:33:24,520 --> 00:33:27,680 Speaker 2: spend what's left of your grocery money on Quaker oats. 514 00:33:28,280 --> 00:33:30,560 Speaker 2: I also couldn't help snipping and sharing that other clipping 515 00:33:30,560 --> 00:33:33,480 Speaker 2: that was on the same page. Your pigeon episode made 516 00:33:33,560 --> 00:33:36,240 Speaker 2: me think of how the Dallas Convention Center has a 517 00:33:36,320 --> 00:33:38,960 Speaker 2: large population of pigeons that lived on the site before 518 00:33:38,960 --> 00:33:41,760 Speaker 2: they built the convention center on it. The city wanted 519 00:33:41,760 --> 00:33:43,680 Speaker 2: to get rid of the pigeons, so they spent a 520 00:33:43,720 --> 00:33:46,560 Speaker 2: lot of money having them relocated. As far as I 521 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:48,440 Speaker 2: can tell, this meant putting the pigeons in a truck, 522 00:33:48,680 --> 00:33:52,040 Speaker 2: driving out to the countryside, and then releasing them. No 523 00:33:52,120 --> 00:33:55,040 Speaker 2: one involved in this realized that pigeons are homing birds. 524 00:33:55,400 --> 00:33:58,440 Speaker 2: As you probably already guessed, the birds came right back 525 00:33:58,520 --> 00:34:04,760 Speaker 2: and their progeny are still at the convention Center today. Lastly, 526 00:34:05,200 --> 00:34:07,920 Speaker 2: your caesar salad episode made me think of chicken caesar 527 00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:10,520 Speaker 2: salad raps, which were one of my go to snacks 528 00:34:10,560 --> 00:34:12,840 Speaker 2: when I lived in Pennsylvania in the early twenty teens. 529 00:34:13,400 --> 00:34:15,399 Speaker 2: A restaurant a few doors down from where I lived 530 00:34:15,400 --> 00:34:18,360 Speaker 2: sold them cheap. Calling it a rap may not be correct, 531 00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:20,520 Speaker 2: as they loaded so much salad and chicken onto the 532 00:34:20,560 --> 00:34:22,480 Speaker 2: flat bread that you couldn't have rolled it up if 533 00:34:22,480 --> 00:34:25,840 Speaker 2: you tried. It barely fit into a takeout container. I 534 00:34:25,880 --> 00:34:27,799 Speaker 2: remember a lot of people making fun of them as 535 00:34:27,840 --> 00:34:31,280 Speaker 2: being food for girls, which always confused me. It's nothing 536 00:34:31,320 --> 00:34:33,920 Speaker 2: but chicken and lettuce on bread, but I guess anything 537 00:34:33,920 --> 00:34:37,080 Speaker 2: can be gendered anyway. A few years after I ended 538 00:34:37,120 --> 00:34:39,200 Speaker 2: up in Texas, I was with some friends. We were 539 00:34:39,200 --> 00:34:41,120 Speaker 2: all kind of hungry, and I noticed they had all 540 00:34:41,120 --> 00:34:43,759 Speaker 2: the makings of chicken caesar salad wraps. It's not like 541 00:34:43,800 --> 00:34:46,960 Speaker 2: any of the ingredients are supermarket rarities, and so I 542 00:34:47,000 --> 00:34:51,560 Speaker 2: made them for everyone. They were bamboozled. I got questions like, 543 00:34:51,719 --> 00:34:54,200 Speaker 2: what is this? What are you doing? How am I 544 00:34:54,239 --> 00:34:57,239 Speaker 2: supposed to eat this? I did not think chicken caesar 545 00:34:57,360 --> 00:35:00,360 Speaker 2: salad wraps were some weird FOURIGN cuisine and tech, but 546 00:35:00,400 --> 00:35:03,920 Speaker 2: apparently they were. At the time, I was both relieved 547 00:35:03,960 --> 00:35:06,520 Speaker 2: to not get any snipes about girl food. If you've 548 00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:08,120 Speaker 2: never heard of something, you have no idea that it's 549 00:35:08,120 --> 00:35:10,880 Speaker 2: supposed to be gendered, but very confused about how a 550 00:35:10,960 --> 00:35:13,680 Speaker 2: salad on top of flatbread could be so bizarre when 551 00:35:13,719 --> 00:35:16,000 Speaker 2: one leaves the northeast and goes south. 552 00:35:19,560 --> 00:35:25,239 Speaker 1: Oh okay, well, a couple things. One we mentioned in 553 00:35:25,280 --> 00:35:30,200 Speaker 1: this letter. Sheemus mentioned a newspaper clipping. 554 00:35:30,320 --> 00:35:31,759 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, so there's so there's a there was a 555 00:35:31,760 --> 00:35:34,040 Speaker 2: recipe clipping, and then there was another clipping from the 556 00:35:34,040 --> 00:35:36,360 Speaker 2: same page. 557 00:35:35,400 --> 00:35:37,640 Speaker 1: And I just I have to read a bit of it. 558 00:35:38,760 --> 00:35:43,320 Speaker 1: The title is so smoke Phil's house but only hat 559 00:35:43,480 --> 00:35:48,520 Speaker 1: burns hat hat? Okay, hat and the hat and then 560 00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:52,160 Speaker 1: at the bottom the hat they were told had been 561 00:35:52,280 --> 00:35:55,240 Speaker 1: washed and gasoline and placed in an oven to dry. 562 00:35:56,120 --> 00:35:59,680 Speaker 1: Heat from the oven had ignited the headgear. The only 563 00:35:59,800 --> 00:36:01,640 Speaker 1: law was the hat. 564 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:07,319 Speaker 2: Well that would do it, though, wouldn't it? That would 565 00:36:07,360 --> 00:36:08,160 Speaker 2: do it? 566 00:36:08,200 --> 00:36:12,359 Speaker 1: The remains of a hat were found by fireman. Oh 567 00:36:12,480 --> 00:36:14,440 Speaker 1: the poor hat. Uh? 568 00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:16,960 Speaker 2: I mean the poor house being filled with smoke like 569 00:36:17,000 --> 00:36:19,640 Speaker 2: that was not intended day but. 570 00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:26,960 Speaker 1: No, no, oh jeez, this is a lot of a 571 00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:28,040 Speaker 1: Sidefeld episode. 572 00:36:28,400 --> 00:36:32,760 Speaker 2: Wow, washedon gasoline. I'm sure someone had an idea about 573 00:36:33,239 --> 00:36:34,120 Speaker 2: yet something. 574 00:36:35,280 --> 00:36:38,359 Speaker 1: Yeah, well, I'm glad it was only the hat. 575 00:36:38,560 --> 00:36:41,400 Speaker 2: Yes, Oh goodness, that's actually such a The only loss 576 00:36:41,480 --> 00:36:44,359 Speaker 2: was the hat? Is I think the best possible ending 577 00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:45,040 Speaker 2: to that story. 578 00:36:45,280 --> 00:36:50,120 Speaker 1: So you know, you have to mourn the loss of 579 00:36:50,120 --> 00:36:52,440 Speaker 1: a good hat. I can say that we can mournich 580 00:36:53,160 --> 00:36:59,840 Speaker 1: in context. Yes, yes, I also love I love the 581 00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:05,760 Speaker 1: story of the pigeons coming back. Yeah. Yeah, it's very silly. 582 00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:08,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, well we drove them a good distance away. How 583 00:37:08,920 --> 00:37:11,279 Speaker 2: could they poss you guys? You guys, I have some 584 00:37:11,320 --> 00:37:12,719 Speaker 2: things to tell you about pigeons. 585 00:37:13,760 --> 00:37:16,360 Speaker 1: They just got a fun trip to the country and 586 00:37:16,400 --> 00:37:24,200 Speaker 1: then came back. Like, hey, okay, and Caesar salad raps. 587 00:37:24,760 --> 00:37:28,480 Speaker 1: That sounds delicious. Yeah, I've never had one, but yeah. 588 00:37:27,960 --> 00:37:29,480 Speaker 2: I've had one that you do it. I've had one 589 00:37:29,480 --> 00:37:32,000 Speaker 2: that you could wrap, that was fully wrapped. But this 590 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:34,120 Speaker 2: sounds good too. I mean, put flat broad under something 591 00:37:34,160 --> 00:37:36,400 Speaker 2: and I'm into that. You know, it's bread is tasty? 592 00:37:37,160 --> 00:37:41,000 Speaker 1: Oh yes, yes, yes, And as always, it's so fascinating 593 00:37:41,040 --> 00:37:49,600 Speaker 1: these kind of localized taste understandings of things. Yeah, but yeah, thanks. 594 00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:53,680 Speaker 1: It's always to vote of those listeners for writing in uh. 595 00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:55,200 Speaker 1: If you would like to write to us, you can 596 00:37:55,360 --> 00:37:57,320 Speaker 1: or emails hello at saberpod dot com. 597 00:37:57,320 --> 00:37:59,720 Speaker 2: We're also on social media. You can find us on Twitter, 598 00:37:59,760 --> 00:38:02,480 Speaker 2: face Book, and Instagram at saver pod and we do 599 00:38:02,520 --> 00:38:05,319 Speaker 2: hope to hear from you. Savor is production of iHeartRadio. 600 00:38:05,480 --> 00:38:08,760 Speaker 2: Four more podcasts from iHeartRadio. You can visit the iHeartRadio app, 601 00:38:08,920 --> 00:38:11,800 Speaker 2: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. 602 00:38:12,120 --> 00:38:14,799 Speaker 2: Thanks as always to our super producers Dylan Fagan and 603 00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:17,200 Speaker 2: Andrew Howard. Thanks to you for listening, and we hope 604 00:38:17,239 --> 00:38:26,719 Speaker 2: that lots more good things are coming your way.