WEBVTT - School Dreams

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<v Speaker 1>You're walking down the hall alone, your shoes squeak against

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<v Speaker 1>the hard, seamless flooring. You have a sense of otherworldly dread,

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<v Speaker 1>a feeling of looming over a drop so far you

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<v Speaker 1>can't see the bottom, but you can't remember why. Where

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<v Speaker 1>are you? You can't remember that either. The feeling of

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<v Speaker 1>dread is absolutely oppressive. It's weighing you down, as if

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<v Speaker 1>to pull your soul into the underworld. But wait that feeling.

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<v Speaker 1>It's not dread weighing you down. It's a backpack full

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<v Speaker 1>of heavy textbooks. You're in your high school. You're alone

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<v Speaker 1>in the hall because you're late for class. That's right now,

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<v Speaker 1>you remember you had to go back to high school

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<v Speaker 1>because it turns out you never actually finished. There was

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<v Speaker 1>an error with the paperwork in the high school office,

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<v Speaker 1>and somehow they let you graduate even though you never

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<v Speaker 1>took the final exam in your hardest class, Russian calculus.

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<v Speaker 1>You have to go back and take the exam, and

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<v Speaker 1>if you don't pass, you'll be stuck in high school forever.

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<v Speaker 1>Let's see what do we learn in Russian calculus? You

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<v Speaker 1>can barely recall some vague cyrillic operating symbols. What was

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<v Speaker 1>the division symbol. No time to think about it, you

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<v Speaker 1>sprint to the classroom where they're holding the exam. Once

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<v Speaker 1>you get there, you remember you're not the only one.

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<v Speaker 1>Your next door neighbor Jimmy, who's seventy four years old

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<v Speaker 1>and illegally burns trash and a metal drum in his backyard,

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<v Speaker 1>he also has to come back and take the Rustcal exam.

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<v Speaker 1>Jimmy asks did you study? You did not. And that

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<v Speaker 1>coffee shop barista with the Optimus Prime tattoo who you

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<v Speaker 1>went on a date with a couple of years ago,

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<v Speaker 1>they're here too, except now they're dating your childhood best friend.

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<v Speaker 1>And who's administering the exam? That's right, it's your old

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<v Speaker 1>rust Cal teacher, Christopher Lambert. Mr Lambert is asking everyone

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<v Speaker 1>to take their seats. The panic rushes up from your

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<v Speaker 1>gut into your wrote. Is there any way out of this?

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<v Speaker 1>Your hand bolts up. Mr Limbert calls on you. He says, yes,

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<v Speaker 1>when is it? And the whole class turns to look

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<v Speaker 1>at you, scrutinizing, crinkling their noses in pity and disgust

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<v Speaker 1>at what they see. Then you realize you're not sitting

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<v Speaker 1>at a desk, your pants are down and you're sitting

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<v Speaker 1>on a toilet in the middle of the classroom. Why

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<v Speaker 1>would they put a toilet here? But no time to

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<v Speaker 1>wonder about that. The class is laughing viciously at your shame,

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<v Speaker 1>and Christopher Lambert is passing out the exams. You didn't

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<v Speaker 1>bring a pencil, Sandra Bullock won't let you borrow one, neither, well,

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<v Speaker 1>Ken Griffey Jr. The test is starting. Mr Lambert, yell's

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<v Speaker 1>eyes on your own paper. A single tooth falls from

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<v Speaker 1>your mouth and lands on page one. Welcome Stuff to

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<v Speaker 1>Blow your Mind? A production of I Heart Radios has

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<v Speaker 1>Stuff works. Are you welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind?

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<v Speaker 1>My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Joe McCormick. And

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<v Speaker 1>obviously you can tell that we are going to be

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<v Speaker 1>talking about the one, the only, the high school Horror Dream. Yeah, yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>the which is really the worst. I have a lot

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<v Speaker 1>of disdain for the high school Dream because and I'll

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<v Speaker 1>get into more of it later. But but basically, it's

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<v Speaker 1>like when you when you go when you dream, you

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<v Speaker 1>can do anything, You can be anything, Like this is

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<v Speaker 1>the place where lucid dreaming is possible, where all the

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<v Speaker 1>boundaries can dissolve, and all the limitations that you know

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<v Speaker 1>in the waking world can just be swept away and

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<v Speaker 1>you can ascend into the skies of being of pure

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<v Speaker 1>light and energy. Uh. But instead, what does our mind

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<v Speaker 1>do when we slumber? So much of the time we

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<v Speaker 1>have dreams like this, We you know, dreams that are

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<v Speaker 1>just cobbled together out of the mundane garbage of our

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<v Speaker 1>lives into a form that does not fill us with

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<v Speaker 1>wonder or even even terror. You know, like for a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of people, it fills them with terror. It depends

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<v Speaker 1>they're sort of like they're sort of like low stress,

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<v Speaker 1>low anxiety, high school dreams. But when you read a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of people's accounts of these, they're like they wake

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<v Speaker 1>up in a cold sweat, they're absolutely petrified. This is

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<v Speaker 1>something that I think is worth discussing a little bit

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<v Speaker 1>because when you when when you look at the surveys

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<v Speaker 1>of what people have dreamt about, and there are different

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<v Speaker 1>ways of conducting those surveys, so it's there's gonna be

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<v Speaker 1>a fair amount of variety there anyway, and it's a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of it's also gonna depend on who you're talking to.

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<v Speaker 1>As we've discussed on the on the show before. A

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<v Speaker 1>lot of studies like this, especially psychological studies, they're often

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<v Speaker 1>conducted with college students in small sample sizes, and that

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<v Speaker 1>brings a you know, it brings a lot of limitations

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<v Speaker 1>and what kind of life experiences the dreams then are

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<v Speaker 1>are ascending from. But but I was looking around a

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<v Speaker 1>little bit thinking about Okay, it seems like we're often

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<v Speaker 1>not talking about nightmares. There's there's like a variety of

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<v Speaker 1>dream that is, you know, filled with anxiety or even

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<v Speaker 1>dread without actually really breaking over into this room that

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<v Speaker 1>we think of as the domain of nightmares. I guess

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<v Speaker 1>that depends on the definition you'd use, because I've always

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<v Speaker 1>thought of nightmares as including dreams that are not like, uh,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, like immediate physical peril. I mean, there are

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<v Speaker 1>violent dreams that people obviously think of as nightmares. Like

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<v Speaker 1>one of the most common themes of bad dreams is

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<v Speaker 1>being chased by something, right, but they're you know, a

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<v Speaker 1>huge number of people's really bad dreams are about like

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<v Speaker 1>or about like public embarrassment or about things like having

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<v Speaker 1>to go back to school and face some kind of

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<v Speaker 1>scrutiny or examination. Yeah, but yet when you look at

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<v Speaker 1>the surveys to deal with the content of nightmares. We

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<v Speaker 1>don't often see, you know, a real definite place for

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<v Speaker 1>the school dream. For instance, UH in the nineteen thirty

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<v Speaker 1>psychologist Wholesye case and conducted a survey of nightmares and

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<v Speaker 1>found their contents to be UH like dealing with animals,

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<v Speaker 1>him being chased, death and murder at twenty and then

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<v Speaker 1>it goes down to like two percent home and family falling,

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<v Speaker 1>and then miscellaneous nineteen percent, accidents seventeen percent. And you

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<v Speaker 1>see similar things with other surveys. There's a Harvard psychologists

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<v Speaker 1>Didra Barrett's survey and it UH said like being chased

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<v Speaker 1>with seventy two percent death of family members in for

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<v Speaker 1>sixty percent. Following UH, monsters and or animals made it

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<v Speaker 1>on their thirty three percent war, violent crimes, natural disaster.

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<v Speaker 1>And there there have been others that kind of match this,

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<v Speaker 1>this sort of thing, you know, it's like physical harm,

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<v Speaker 1>physical danger. UM. I did find a two thousand uh

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<v Speaker 1>inten German study from the Central Institute of Mental Health

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<v Speaker 1>and Mannheim, Germany that said nightmares okay, forty falling, being chased,

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<v Speaker 1>feeling paralyzed, but also twenty four percent being late to

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<v Speaker 1>an import an event, which definitely lines up with a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of what we're talking about here, because so often

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<v Speaker 1>the content is I am I'm late to the exam

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<v Speaker 1>right um, or I have I've let time slip away

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<v Speaker 1>in advance of the exam. So yeah, it is going

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<v Speaker 1>to come back to like how do we classify nightmares?

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<v Speaker 1>And what do we think of when we think of nightmares?

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<v Speaker 1>And then after we've had one of these school dreams,

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<v Speaker 1>how we classify it. But I think there's a strong

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<v Speaker 1>case to be made that that what we're talking about

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<v Speaker 1>here isn't a nightmare, and yet at the same time,

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<v Speaker 1>I myself find myself at times wishing it were, because

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<v Speaker 1>at least if it were a nightmare, it would it

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<v Speaker 1>would feel more more potent, you know, it would feel

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<v Speaker 1>like it's maybe doing something that it's cathartic in a

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<v Speaker 1>way that matters, instead of being this just ridiculous rehearsal

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<v Speaker 1>for a thing that is that is not going to occur.

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<v Speaker 1>You know. Well, this brings us back to a question,

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<v Speaker 1>of course we're gonna have to touch on throughout the

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<v Speaker 1>episode today, and unfortunately we're not gonna be able to

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<v Speaker 1>answer in a definitive way, But like, what is the

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<v Speaker 1>purpose of the content of dreams if anything to begin with,

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<v Speaker 1>I mean do that we know that like sleep and

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<v Speaker 1>dreaming are obviously important for some kind of neurological function,

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<v Speaker 1>but we don't know if the contents of dreams are important,

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<v Speaker 1>and we don't know if they are important, why are

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<v Speaker 1>they important? What do they do? Right? And and yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>once you you can sort of divide into two schools

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<v Speaker 1>of thought where it's either the contents of the dreams

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<v Speaker 1>do matter or they don't um and when you get

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<v Speaker 1>into the various arguments for them actually mattering, and then

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<v Speaker 1>you get into various divisions. On the show, we've discussed

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<v Speaker 1>the writings of Frederick van Eden in the past, who

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<v Speaker 1>wrote Study of Dreams, and this was a book that

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<v Speaker 1>outlined lucid dreaming, for instance, but you know he covered

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<v Speaker 1>everything from you know, ordinary dreams to symbolic dreams, demon

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<v Speaker 1>dreams and more so. Yeah, it depends on it depends

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<v Speaker 1>on which view you're taking. Either the content manners or

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<v Speaker 1>it doesn't. And then if it if it does matter.

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<v Speaker 1>There's so many ways to unpack that. But I would say, actually,

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<v Speaker 1>whether the content of dreams matters or not, like whether

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<v Speaker 1>what you dream about actually has adaptive value in life

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<v Speaker 1>or whether it's just sort of like a byproduct of

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<v Speaker 1>something going on in the brain. And you know, what

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<v Speaker 1>happens in a dream has no effect on life or

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<v Speaker 1>no positive effects, either way you split it. It's an

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<v Speaker 1>interesting question to ask, why do we dream about the

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<v Speaker 1>things that we dream about? Like why is that the content,

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<v Speaker 1>whether it's adaptive or not. Well, it comes back to

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<v Speaker 1>the nightmare thing, Like so much of the time, I

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<v Speaker 1>feel like the school. You know, sometimes we we do

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<v Speaker 1>have dramatic events in our school history, but a lot

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<v Speaker 1>of times we don't. And yet that's the stuff that

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<v Speaker 1>still remains like so potent to us in our dreams.

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<v Speaker 1>And I think that can be the irritating thing, Like

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<v Speaker 1>why am I still dreaming about this thing? This thing

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<v Speaker 1>is solved high school, you know is solved. You know,

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<v Speaker 1>it's i've I've I've been out of it for you know, decades.

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<v Speaker 1>Why I still returned to it in dream? What is

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<v Speaker 1>it about that experience or that time in my life?

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<v Speaker 1>Maybe the plasticity of my mind that that makes that

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<v Speaker 1>the the the the the fabric of my dreams. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>so I want to talk about a few common variations

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<v Speaker 1>I think just from what I've read anecdotally. I've not

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<v Speaker 1>been able to find a rigorous study characterizing the nature

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<v Speaker 1>of school anxiety dreams, but I have found some informal

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<v Speaker 1>collections of anecdotes and based on that, and I have

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<v Speaker 1>to say some very common dreams are, uh, I have

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<v Speaker 1>to go back to high school and finish a class

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<v Speaker 1>or a test that I never finished and I don't

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<v Speaker 1>know in like, there's the knowledge that I am an adult,

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<v Speaker 1>but I have to go back and do this. Yes,

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<v Speaker 1>I've definitely done that one. I've I've definitely had that one,

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<v Speaker 1>and I've done that one to a certain extent because

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<v Speaker 1>I went back after college and taught high school at

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<v Speaker 1>the high school that I attended. Wow, so I kind

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<v Speaker 1>of had this weird like I was kind of living

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<v Speaker 1>the dream the worst way possible. And so I will

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<v Speaker 1>sometime have dreams that are I'm sometimes a little vague

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<v Speaker 1>as to whether I am dreaming about teaching high school

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<v Speaker 1>and my old high school where I'm dreaming about attending

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<v Speaker 1>the high school, or having to go back and take

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<v Speaker 1>a class that I didn't finish, that sort of thing.

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<v Speaker 1>What age were you when you were teaching at that

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<v Speaker 1>high school? I mean, I was fresh out of college.

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<v Speaker 1>So I was, oh, yeah, so that might come back

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<v Speaker 1>later when we talk about different periods of life in

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<v Speaker 1>the formation of memories, that that might be relevant to

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<v Speaker 1>your case here. Um. So another thing that is extremely common.

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<v Speaker 1>In fact, just before we started off, we were talking

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<v Speaker 1>to our producer today, Seth, and he was saying that

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<v Speaker 1>he's had this dream. I've had this dream. I've talked

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<v Speaker 1>to tons of people who have had this dream, who

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<v Speaker 1>have been out of school for decades, and it's this.

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<v Speaker 1>It's the end of the semester. There's a class that

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<v Speaker 1>I forgot I was enrolled in and I haven't been

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<v Speaker 1>going to and now I suddenly remember, oh no, I'm

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<v Speaker 1>in this class and I've got to go take the

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<v Speaker 1>final exam. Yeah. I I have done that one as well,

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<v Speaker 1>where I'm I missed the deadline to drop the class, uh,

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<v Speaker 1>and or just forgot that I had it entirely. And

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<v Speaker 1>and it'll like summon like a mental calendar of when

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<v Speaker 1>your classes are, and it's generally usually something like, oh,

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<v Speaker 1>it was a Wednesday morning class and it was it

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<v Speaker 1>was sandwich between two other classes, and somehow I just

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<v Speaker 1>missed it. Yeah, yeah, yeah, I get the exact same

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<v Speaker 1>calendar effect. Actually, I think about like, oh, I wasn't

0:12:22.760 --> 0:12:24.760
<v Speaker 1>going because I was doing this other thing at this

0:12:24.800 --> 0:12:27.400
<v Speaker 1>time of the week, and I just forgot repeatedly that

0:12:27.480 --> 0:12:31.000
<v Speaker 1>I had this class. Now I suddenly remember, and uh,

0:12:31.040 --> 0:12:34.200
<v Speaker 1>and my chicken is cooked. I mean, they're like, there's

0:12:34.240 --> 0:12:37.360
<v Speaker 1>no way I'm going to pass this exam. Other common

0:12:37.360 --> 0:12:41.720
<v Speaker 1>things that I found reported are difficulty with navigating the

0:12:41.720 --> 0:12:44.840
<v Speaker 1>school environment, so being in high school or being in

0:12:44.920 --> 0:12:48.439
<v Speaker 1>college and being unable to find the classroom so you're

0:12:48.480 --> 0:12:50.839
<v Speaker 1>like running around, you're late for the class and you're

0:12:50.880 --> 0:12:53.080
<v Speaker 1>trying to get there, but you can't find the door

0:12:53.200 --> 0:12:56.839
<v Speaker 1>or you can't get in. I've never had that one. Yeah,

0:12:56.960 --> 0:13:00.000
<v Speaker 1>It's it's weird how you know that our experiences will

0:13:00.080 --> 0:13:02.520
<v Speaker 1>will vary like that one. I've never had, Like I've

0:13:02.559 --> 0:13:05.719
<v Speaker 1>never had a problem getting to the dream classroom and

0:13:05.760 --> 0:13:09.559
<v Speaker 1>a dream. Another big one I think is school based embarrassment,

0:13:09.720 --> 0:13:13.200
<v Speaker 1>dreaming about like being embarrassed in front of a classroom

0:13:13.320 --> 0:13:15.600
<v Speaker 1>or in front of classmates, or like having to give

0:13:15.600 --> 0:13:18.760
<v Speaker 1>a presentation in front of a class and not being

0:13:18.800 --> 0:13:23.160
<v Speaker 1>prepared or being embarrassed some way. See I I the

0:13:23.200 --> 0:13:25.880
<v Speaker 1>weird thing is I don't have any of those related

0:13:25.920 --> 0:13:30.400
<v Speaker 1>to actual class experiences. But but since I was in

0:13:30.720 --> 0:13:35.200
<v Speaker 1>um theater, I do have dreams related to productions that

0:13:35.240 --> 0:13:37.520
<v Speaker 1>I haven't learned my lines. Yes, I have the same

0:13:37.640 --> 0:13:40.200
<v Speaker 1>dreams I did theater in high school. And yeah, I

0:13:40.200 --> 0:13:44.319
<v Speaker 1>I very frequently dreamed that I suddenly remember, oh, yeah,

0:13:44.440 --> 0:13:46.840
<v Speaker 1>I'm in a play that's opening tonight and I haven't

0:13:46.880 --> 0:13:49.600
<v Speaker 1>looked at my lines yet. How about this one? This

0:13:49.679 --> 0:13:51.840
<v Speaker 1>is a weirder one, but I feel like I hear

0:13:51.840 --> 0:13:55.240
<v Speaker 1>this one pretty often, sort of blending of school with

0:13:55.360 --> 0:13:58.800
<v Speaker 1>the workplace or with the current friend group, and blending

0:13:58.920 --> 0:14:03.040
<v Speaker 1>of like old teachers with bosses. You get this, No, No,

0:14:03.120 --> 0:14:05.200
<v Speaker 1>I don't really get that one. I would get get

0:14:05.240 --> 0:14:08.920
<v Speaker 1>the blending of workplaces to a certain extent, because I'll

0:14:08.960 --> 0:14:13.600
<v Speaker 1>have dreams where I didn't actually fully quit my previous job.

0:14:13.679 --> 0:14:16.000
<v Speaker 1>I'm kind of like kept one foot in it somehow,

0:14:16.920 --> 0:14:19.240
<v Speaker 1>but I have to keep going back to do like

0:14:19.280 --> 0:14:21.120
<v Speaker 1>the bare minimum to still be a part of the

0:14:21.120 --> 0:14:26.000
<v Speaker 1>previous employers. And and I always just kind of analyze

0:14:26.040 --> 0:14:27.760
<v Speaker 1>that as being like, it's about fear of change. It's

0:14:27.800 --> 0:14:30.360
<v Speaker 1>about fear of like entering any kind of new phase

0:14:30.560 --> 0:14:34.520
<v Speaker 1>in life. This dream rehearsal in which I never actually

0:14:34.920 --> 0:14:39.600
<v Speaker 1>leave any step behind, you know, where I'm managing to keep,

0:14:39.720 --> 0:14:43.960
<v Speaker 1>you know, one foot on every stone that traverses the

0:14:44.000 --> 0:14:46.840
<v Speaker 1>pond or the stream. I can absolutely see that. Yeah,

0:14:46.880 --> 0:14:50.000
<v Speaker 1>general dreams about not just school, but school being one

0:14:50.040 --> 0:14:53.520
<v Speaker 1>example of like being drawn back into a previous stage

0:14:53.560 --> 0:14:55.720
<v Speaker 1>of life, like you can't you can't move on to

0:14:55.800 --> 0:14:57.600
<v Speaker 1>the next thing. Yeah, yeah, all right, Well maybe we

0:14:57.600 --> 0:14:59.200
<v Speaker 1>should take a break and then when we come back

0:14:59.320 --> 0:15:04.680
<v Speaker 1>weekend analyze the school dream a little more than alright,

0:15:04.680 --> 0:15:07.120
<v Speaker 1>we're back. So, you know, in our cold open you

0:15:07.200 --> 0:15:11.640
<v Speaker 1>added the bit about tooth falling out and seth our producer.

0:15:12.360 --> 0:15:14.560
<v Speaker 1>He he mentioned that he has had dreams in which

0:15:14.600 --> 0:15:17.200
<v Speaker 1>is his teeth fall out in the school anxiety dream.

0:15:17.800 --> 0:15:20.200
<v Speaker 1>I've never had a dream where or teeth fall out,

0:15:20.320 --> 0:15:23.920
<v Speaker 1>which which is is weird because I mean, like dental

0:15:23.960 --> 0:15:26.360
<v Speaker 1>anxiety has was. It was kind of part of my

0:15:26.480 --> 0:15:30.080
<v Speaker 1>upbringing because you know, my father was a dentist. You know,

0:15:30.160 --> 0:15:34.280
<v Speaker 1>I remember like seeing slides of awful teeth when I

0:15:34.320 --> 0:15:37.160
<v Speaker 1>was a kid, and and even today like I'll you know,

0:15:37.200 --> 0:15:40.080
<v Speaker 1>i'll you know, I you know, I'm I'm I'm getting older.

0:15:40.080 --> 0:15:42.520
<v Speaker 1>I think about my my dental health and I and

0:15:42.560 --> 0:15:49.360
<v Speaker 1>I regularly read articles that are discussing correlation between dental

0:15:49.440 --> 0:15:53.240
<v Speaker 1>hygiene situations and say things like Alzheimer's. So, I mean,

0:15:53.280 --> 0:15:56.960
<v Speaker 1>there's plenty of of of fuel there for the fire,

0:15:57.360 --> 0:16:01.800
<v Speaker 1>and yet that never happens in my dames. That's interesting. Now,

0:16:01.840 --> 0:16:04.760
<v Speaker 1>of course, the teeth falling out dream goes way back,

0:16:04.800 --> 0:16:07.040
<v Speaker 1>and you've got all kinds of like Freudy intakes on

0:16:07.120 --> 0:16:09.920
<v Speaker 1>that and stuff where it's you know, it's metaphorical for

0:16:10.040 --> 0:16:12.920
<v Speaker 1>some kind of like wish or anxiety that you have.

0:16:13.400 --> 0:16:16.600
<v Speaker 1>Weather dreams are actually metaphorical in those ways, I think

0:16:16.680 --> 0:16:20.600
<v Speaker 1>is an unsettled question. But but but it's certainly they

0:16:20.600 --> 0:16:23.480
<v Speaker 1>could be. And if they are, yeah, it could be

0:16:23.520 --> 0:16:26.560
<v Speaker 1>that maybe you don't really suffer from the underlying anxiety

0:16:26.600 --> 0:16:29.480
<v Speaker 1>that drives whatever causes people to think about their teeth

0:16:29.480 --> 0:16:31.920
<v Speaker 1>falling out in dreams. Maybe the teeth falling out in

0:16:32.000 --> 0:16:34.840
<v Speaker 1>dreams is not normally about teeth. That that's if the

0:16:35.000 --> 0:16:37.400
<v Speaker 1>like metaphor theory of dreams is true, which we don't

0:16:37.440 --> 0:16:39.200
<v Speaker 1>know if it is. And my hand has fallen off

0:16:39.240 --> 0:16:42.520
<v Speaker 1>in a dream before, but yeah, never the teeth. Well,

0:16:42.680 --> 0:16:45.120
<v Speaker 1>so back to the school dream, we know, at least

0:16:45.120 --> 0:16:48.880
<v Speaker 1>anecdotally just from talking to people, that it seems pretty

0:16:48.920 --> 0:16:51.280
<v Speaker 1>common for adults who have been out of school for

0:16:51.360 --> 0:16:55.880
<v Speaker 1>a long time to keep having these recurring dreams about school.

0:16:56.400 --> 0:16:58.560
<v Speaker 1>Uh even you know, I've I've talked to people who

0:16:58.640 --> 0:17:02.520
<v Speaker 1>are in their sixties who still have these dreams, which

0:17:02.600 --> 0:17:04.840
<v Speaker 1>is not I'm not looking forward to that for the

0:17:04.840 --> 0:17:07.280
<v Speaker 1>rest of my life. But oh well, uh, and so

0:17:07.400 --> 0:17:10.480
<v Speaker 1>the question is like, is it really all that common? Again?

0:17:10.600 --> 0:17:13.280
<v Speaker 1>We are going to be dealing here with the problems

0:17:13.320 --> 0:17:15.800
<v Speaker 1>that are common to all kinds of psychological studies, which

0:17:15.840 --> 0:17:18.760
<v Speaker 1>is often there is not enough data about say, the

0:17:18.920 --> 0:17:22.800
<v Speaker 1>entire world, and you know, we get like the weird focus, right, yes,

0:17:23.080 --> 0:17:26.240
<v Speaker 1>weird science, but not in the fun way of weird

0:17:26.320 --> 0:17:31.600
<v Speaker 1>standing for Western educated and from industrialized, rich and democratic countries,

0:17:31.800 --> 0:17:34.480
<v Speaker 1>just meaning that like in lots of studies, especially lots

0:17:34.520 --> 0:17:38.960
<v Speaker 1>of psychological studies, there is a disproportionate representation of people

0:17:39.000 --> 0:17:41.000
<v Speaker 1>in that sort of category a lot of times because

0:17:41.040 --> 0:17:44.959
<v Speaker 1>these studies are done at like western research universities, and

0:17:44.960 --> 0:17:47.199
<v Speaker 1>that brings up the potential criticism. Well, of course, all

0:17:47.240 --> 0:17:50.920
<v Speaker 1>these people were having dreams about exams and exam anxiety.

0:17:50.960 --> 0:17:54.040
<v Speaker 1>They are college students. Right, there's not any mystery at

0:17:54.080 --> 0:17:58.240
<v Speaker 1>all why college students would be dreaming about uh school

0:17:58.320 --> 0:18:00.760
<v Speaker 1>and college and exams. And of course these find that yes,

0:18:00.800 --> 0:18:03.240
<v Speaker 1>college students do dream about that a lot. Just one example,

0:18:03.520 --> 0:18:06.200
<v Speaker 1>a two thousand three study in the journal Dreaming found

0:18:06.200 --> 0:18:10.360
<v Speaker 1>among Canadian university students that dreams about the category known

0:18:10.400 --> 0:18:14.480
<v Speaker 1>as school teachers and studying where the fourth most common

0:18:14.520 --> 0:18:17.000
<v Speaker 1>typical theme of dreams out of a list of like

0:18:17.080 --> 0:18:21.480
<v Speaker 1>fifty something common themes of dreams. But they're Canadian college students.

0:18:21.480 --> 0:18:24.960
<v Speaker 1>That just doesn't seem very surprising at all. But studies

0:18:25.000 --> 0:18:29.080
<v Speaker 1>including like older populations have also found that school dreams

0:18:29.119 --> 0:18:32.760
<v Speaker 1>remain very common. Just to cite one example from the

0:18:32.840 --> 0:18:39.160
<v Speaker 1>journal Dreaming in by Mathis Shreddle and Goritz called frequency

0:18:39.160 --> 0:18:42.600
<v Speaker 1>of typical dream themes in most Recent dreams and online study.

0:18:42.920 --> 0:18:46.280
<v Speaker 1>They had a big sample collected online. It was two thousand,

0:18:46.280 --> 0:18:49.679
<v Speaker 1>eight hundred and fifty three participants. They did a survey

0:18:49.720 --> 0:18:52.000
<v Speaker 1>about the themes of recent dreams people had, and this

0:18:52.119 --> 0:18:56.280
<v Speaker 1>was based on a common dream theme inventory that has

0:18:56.320 --> 0:18:58.479
<v Speaker 1>like a list of commonly cited themes and you can

0:18:58.560 --> 0:19:01.760
<v Speaker 1>check off which ones applied to you in recent dreams uh,

0:19:01.800 --> 0:19:05.000
<v Speaker 1>And they said that the findings were mostly consistent with

0:19:05.080 --> 0:19:08.680
<v Speaker 1>other studies showing prevalence of dream themes in different populations.

0:19:09.080 --> 0:19:13.000
<v Speaker 1>They ended up ranking dream themes by prevalence, and dreams

0:19:13.000 --> 0:19:16.399
<v Speaker 1>about school teachers and studying was actually the fifth most

0:19:16.480 --> 0:19:20.520
<v Speaker 1>common category of dreams by theme. Overall. I found that

0:19:20.560 --> 0:19:23.119
<v Speaker 1>the entire list of ten was kind of interesting. Yeah, well,

0:19:23.119 --> 0:19:25.600
<v Speaker 1>I mean six is arriving too late, which could be

0:19:25.800 --> 0:19:28.560
<v Speaker 1>very very well be couched in the same area, right,

0:19:28.600 --> 0:19:30.240
<v Speaker 1>and then if you have a dream that you know

0:19:30.320 --> 0:19:32.560
<v Speaker 1>more than one applies to, you can check both. Right,

0:19:32.920 --> 0:19:37.000
<v Speaker 1>So let's do the whole list. Number ten swimming, number

0:19:37.080 --> 0:19:41.200
<v Speaker 1>nine being physically attacked, Number eight, a person now alive

0:19:41.280 --> 0:19:44.960
<v Speaker 1>being dead. Number seven a person now dead being alive,

0:19:45.400 --> 0:19:49.440
<v Speaker 1>Number six arriving too late, number five school teachers and studying,

0:19:49.760 --> 0:19:54.119
<v Speaker 1>number four, sexual experiences, number three being chased or pursued.

0:19:54.560 --> 0:19:57.919
<v Speaker 1>Number two. Oh, this one hits home trying something again

0:19:57.960 --> 0:20:01.640
<v Speaker 1>and again. And then number one flying or soaring through

0:20:01.640 --> 0:20:04.200
<v Speaker 1>the air. See you know this list just it almost

0:20:04.240 --> 0:20:08.160
<v Speaker 1>just makes me enraged, because like people are people are

0:20:08.200 --> 0:20:10.800
<v Speaker 1>having flying dreams? Is their number one? Lots of people

0:20:10.840 --> 0:20:12.960
<v Speaker 1>have flying dreams. I do not have I've had like

0:20:13.000 --> 0:20:16.159
<v Speaker 1>to flying dreams I can remember i've and then the

0:20:16.320 --> 0:20:20.840
<v Speaker 1>sexual experiences. I've rarely have a sexual dream, and now

0:20:20.920 --> 0:20:23.359
<v Speaker 1>I should have. I should add the caveat here that

0:20:23.440 --> 0:20:27.159
<v Speaker 1>I remember. Big aspect of dreaming is you know, to

0:20:27.240 --> 0:20:29.919
<v Speaker 1>what extent are we able to then recall what we

0:20:30.000 --> 0:20:33.639
<v Speaker 1>have dreamt of when we wake up? I hate that.

0:20:33.680 --> 0:20:36.760
<v Speaker 1>The thing I definitely identify with most on here is

0:20:36.800 --> 0:20:39.960
<v Speaker 1>trying something again and again, like the dream about how

0:20:40.040 --> 0:20:42.879
<v Speaker 1>you just need to do something that should be really

0:20:42.920 --> 0:20:44.560
<v Speaker 1>simple and you should be able to do it, but

0:20:44.640 --> 0:20:46.399
<v Speaker 1>you try and you try and you try and you

0:20:46.480 --> 0:20:49.800
<v Speaker 1>can't and it just doesn't work. Yeah, or like like

0:20:49.840 --> 0:20:52.199
<v Speaker 1>one of my most recent dreams I will share with

0:20:52.280 --> 0:20:55.119
<v Speaker 1>everyone is that that I was trying to move a

0:20:55.160 --> 0:20:58.720
<v Speaker 1>horse across um uh you know, like from one city

0:20:58.720 --> 0:21:01.719
<v Speaker 1>to another in a horse train there, and Glenn Danzig

0:21:01.840 --> 0:21:04.399
<v Speaker 1>was helping me, or he was supposed to help me,

0:21:04.440 --> 0:21:07.159
<v Speaker 1>but he was absolutely no help at all, and it

0:21:07.240 --> 0:21:10.280
<v Speaker 1>was super frustrating and I kept having to to reattach

0:21:10.440 --> 0:21:13.720
<v Speaker 1>the horse hitch um, which is or the hitch on

0:21:13.760 --> 0:21:16.399
<v Speaker 1>the trailer with the trailer hitch which was you know,

0:21:16.560 --> 0:21:19.320
<v Speaker 1>which was extra frustrating because like nothing in this dream

0:21:19.440 --> 0:21:22.440
<v Speaker 1>had anything to do with what with with like actual

0:21:22.560 --> 0:21:26.280
<v Speaker 1>real life struggles, like I'm not dealing with horses or

0:21:26.280 --> 0:21:30.439
<v Speaker 1>horse trailers. Yeah, well that's that's interesting stuff again because

0:21:30.640 --> 0:21:33.840
<v Speaker 1>sort of like the school dream, Now it's not relevant

0:21:33.880 --> 0:21:37.280
<v Speaker 1>to your life at this moment. So what's going on.

0:21:37.440 --> 0:21:40.040
<v Speaker 1>Is it a metaphor for something that is relevant to

0:21:40.080 --> 0:21:42.000
<v Speaker 1>your life in this moment or is it just a

0:21:42.080 --> 0:21:45.640
<v Speaker 1>sort of like thought pattern or memory patterns being retrieved

0:21:45.640 --> 0:21:48.639
<v Speaker 1>for no good reason. And and I guess the perplexing

0:21:48.680 --> 0:21:51.440
<v Speaker 1>thing and about anything like this is that since we

0:21:51.440 --> 0:21:55.440
<v Speaker 1>we have this fan, this fantastic ability to to make

0:21:55.480 --> 0:22:00.280
<v Speaker 1>connections and things and even like random assemblages, you know,

0:22:00.359 --> 0:22:02.040
<v Speaker 1>we can come up with the story if we if

0:22:02.080 --> 0:22:04.080
<v Speaker 1>we analyze it enough, we can say like, oh, yeah,

0:22:04.119 --> 0:22:06.520
<v Speaker 1>well this is like clearly the horse represents this, and

0:22:06.560 --> 0:22:10.439
<v Speaker 1>the trailer represents this, and Glenn dansit represents that. You know,

0:22:10.520 --> 0:22:12.119
<v Speaker 1>you can come up with a version of it that

0:22:12.240 --> 0:22:14.400
<v Speaker 1>makes sense. But then does that have anything to do

0:22:15.040 --> 0:22:18.040
<v Speaker 1>at all with the the origin of the dream exactly?

0:22:18.080 --> 0:22:20.520
<v Speaker 1>I mean that might be a personally useful story to

0:22:20.520 --> 0:22:22.119
<v Speaker 1>come up with. I can see how it can be

0:22:22.200 --> 0:22:25.600
<v Speaker 1>useful for for people to interpret their dreams, even if

0:22:25.640 --> 0:22:28.280
<v Speaker 1>the interpretation they come up with actually has nothing to

0:22:28.280 --> 0:22:30.359
<v Speaker 1>do with the cause of those thoughts arising in their

0:22:30.359 --> 0:22:32.639
<v Speaker 1>head while they're sleeping. But I do agree this is

0:22:34.080 --> 0:22:35.920
<v Speaker 1>I joke about it being enraging, but it is a

0:22:36.000 --> 0:22:38.800
<v Speaker 1>very interesting list. Yeah, it's like swimming dreams. Swimming is

0:22:38.840 --> 0:22:41.840
<v Speaker 1>on here. I never, I rarely have ever had a

0:22:41.840 --> 0:22:45.080
<v Speaker 1>swimming dream. Don't I swim, you know, every morning if

0:22:45.119 --> 0:22:47.920
<v Speaker 1>I can. Uh? And yet it doesn't really factor into

0:22:47.960 --> 0:22:50.359
<v Speaker 1>my dreams at all. But okay, to mention it again.

0:22:50.400 --> 0:22:53.160
<v Speaker 1>Back to our our subject. This theme, known as school

0:22:53.320 --> 0:22:57.119
<v Speaker 1>teachers and studyings number five the fifth most common theme

0:22:57.200 --> 0:23:01.640
<v Speaker 1>of dreams uh in people responding to this massive online survey.

0:23:01.720 --> 0:23:04.480
<v Speaker 1>But simply checking a box that says a recent dream

0:23:04.520 --> 0:23:08.320
<v Speaker 1>included themes of school teachers are studying doesn't really tell

0:23:08.320 --> 0:23:10.159
<v Speaker 1>you all that much, right, Like it would be useful

0:23:10.440 --> 0:23:14.080
<v Speaker 1>to have more granular detail. What exactly usually happens in

0:23:14.119 --> 0:23:17.639
<v Speaker 1>the most common school based dreams? What level of school

0:23:17.680 --> 0:23:20.040
<v Speaker 1>does it apply to? Are the dreams good or bad?

0:23:20.080 --> 0:23:22.520
<v Speaker 1>I imagine they're probably mostly bad, but I don't know.

0:23:23.359 --> 0:23:25.920
<v Speaker 1>I've got, you know, hunches. But has anybody actually looked

0:23:25.920 --> 0:23:29.679
<v Speaker 1>into this, and so the answer is I was not

0:23:29.800 --> 0:23:33.479
<v Speaker 1>able to find a rigorous study characterizing the school dreams

0:23:33.520 --> 0:23:36.440
<v Speaker 1>like this, but I did find at least one informal

0:23:36.520 --> 0:23:40.080
<v Speaker 1>survey of of these dream experiences, so to look at that.

0:23:40.160 --> 0:23:42.320
<v Speaker 1>I was reading a blog post about this on Psychology

0:23:42.320 --> 0:23:46.000
<v Speaker 1>Today by the Boston College research psychologist Peter Gray, and

0:23:46.040 --> 0:23:49.120
<v Speaker 1>he had obviously noticed the same trend about adults having

0:23:49.160 --> 0:23:52.520
<v Speaker 1>school dreams long after they leave school or graduate. And

0:23:52.560 --> 0:23:54.720
<v Speaker 1>by the way, the post had a great deadpan title

0:23:54.800 --> 0:23:57.639
<v Speaker 1>that does give away the findings, but it's worth reading.

0:23:57.920 --> 0:24:00.520
<v Speaker 1>It is the dream of school and none of the

0:24:00.600 --> 0:24:04.320
<v Speaker 1>dreams are good. Yeah, I mean I can I certainly

0:24:04.320 --> 0:24:06.719
<v Speaker 1>can't think of a good school dream that I've ever had.

0:24:06.800 --> 0:24:10.320
<v Speaker 1>They've all been at the very least boring and tedious,

0:24:10.400 --> 0:24:13.840
<v Speaker 1>if not, you know, anxious. Yeah. So Gray used his

0:24:13.880 --> 0:24:16.920
<v Speaker 1>online platform to conduct an informal survey about the nature

0:24:16.920 --> 0:24:20.240
<v Speaker 1>of school dreams and their emotional valence. Uh. Now, remember again,

0:24:20.280 --> 0:24:23.120
<v Speaker 1>this is an informal survey, not scientific data, so there's

0:24:23.119 --> 0:24:27.240
<v Speaker 1>no attempt to randomize participation or blind respondents about the

0:24:27.240 --> 0:24:29.920
<v Speaker 1>purpose of the inquiry, so there could be selection effects

0:24:29.920 --> 0:24:33.920
<v Speaker 1>biasing the responses here, but with that strong caveat in mind,

0:24:33.960 --> 0:24:36.080
<v Speaker 1>what you know if it's a starting place. What did

0:24:36.160 --> 0:24:38.359
<v Speaker 1>he find in this survey? Well, first of all, he

0:24:38.400 --> 0:24:40.640
<v Speaker 1>looked into what was the level of school that people

0:24:40.680 --> 0:24:43.639
<v Speaker 1>dreamed about. By far, the most common was high school.

0:24:43.720 --> 0:24:46.960
<v Speaker 1>Seventy three percent of dreams involved high school. Uh. And

0:24:47.040 --> 0:24:48.679
<v Speaker 1>these responses are going to add up to more than

0:24:49.440 --> 0:24:51.640
<v Speaker 1>because people can report dreaming about more than one level

0:24:51.640 --> 0:24:55.240
<v Speaker 1>of school. But like high school seventy college thirty percent,

0:24:55.600 --> 0:24:59.440
<v Speaker 1>elementary school twelve percent, middle school seven percent. Where the

0:24:59.520 --> 0:25:02.320
<v Speaker 1>dreams good or bad? As alluded to in the title,

0:25:02.400 --> 0:25:06.560
<v Speaker 1>the dreams were overwhelmingly bad on a one to five scale,

0:25:06.600 --> 0:25:09.719
<v Speaker 1>with one being very pleasant and five being very unpleasant.

0:25:09.840 --> 0:25:13.280
<v Speaker 1>Nobody rated any recurring school dream better than a three.

0:25:13.720 --> 0:25:17.119
<v Speaker 1>Almost all dreams were rated a four or five. Common

0:25:17.160 --> 0:25:23.919
<v Speaker 1>emotions identified by the dreamers in these dreams include anxiety, panic, shame, embarrassment,

0:25:24.000 --> 0:25:26.840
<v Speaker 1>and helplessness. It sounds about right. He found that the

0:25:26.960 --> 0:25:30.879
<v Speaker 1>dreams continued for decades after people graduated from school, and

0:25:30.920 --> 0:25:33.800
<v Speaker 1>they were extremely common in people in their thirties and forties,

0:25:33.800 --> 0:25:37.160
<v Speaker 1>but much older people still reported them. Uh. And back

0:25:37.160 --> 0:25:38.960
<v Speaker 1>to the question of like, what are these dreams like

0:25:39.040 --> 0:25:42.119
<v Speaker 1>what actually happens in them. Plenty of things happened, but

0:25:42.240 --> 0:25:44.320
<v Speaker 1>he found the two most common among the people who

0:25:44.359 --> 0:25:47.639
<v Speaker 1>replied to his survey were missing classes all term and

0:25:47.680 --> 0:25:49.960
<v Speaker 1>therefore being likely to fail. This seems like it goes

0:25:50.080 --> 0:25:52.520
<v Speaker 1>right along with this. You know, this archetype we talked

0:25:52.560 --> 0:25:55.199
<v Speaker 1>about at the beginning, and then second being unable to

0:25:55.200 --> 0:25:57.200
<v Speaker 1>find the classroom. This is the one you were less

0:25:57.240 --> 0:25:59.960
<v Speaker 1>familiar with, right, Robert, Yeah, I don't think I've had

0:26:00.119 --> 0:26:02.720
<v Speaker 1>this one, but it totally makes sense. I mean, I

0:26:03.119 --> 0:26:07.359
<v Speaker 1>mean I remember from real life at times having that issue,

0:26:07.440 --> 0:26:09.880
<v Speaker 1>like trying to find a classroom or trying to find

0:26:09.880 --> 0:26:13.480
<v Speaker 1>where the classroom is moved temporarily. I mean, it seems

0:26:13.520 --> 0:26:15.000
<v Speaker 1>like the kind of thing I would have dreamt about

0:26:15.040 --> 0:26:17.679
<v Speaker 1>but I did not. Well. Another interesting thing that I've

0:26:17.680 --> 0:26:21.000
<v Speaker 1>found when people collect these anecdotes of people's school anxiety

0:26:21.080 --> 0:26:23.920
<v Speaker 1>dreams is that they're not only common among people who

0:26:23.960 --> 0:26:28.359
<v Speaker 1>struggled in school or actually experienced feelings of helplessness and classes.

0:26:28.720 --> 0:26:32.200
<v Speaker 1>It seems they're very common at least also maybe even

0:26:32.200 --> 0:26:35.280
<v Speaker 1>more so among people who were successful as students and

0:26:35.320 --> 0:26:38.040
<v Speaker 1>who did well in their classes. Yeah, I mean, you

0:26:38.240 --> 0:26:40.280
<v Speaker 1>just because you're good at something doesn't mean you're you're

0:26:40.280 --> 0:26:42.600
<v Speaker 1>stress free about it, right, right? But I guess now

0:26:42.760 --> 0:26:45.440
<v Speaker 1>we've got to turn to the question of why why

0:26:45.520 --> 0:26:48.800
<v Speaker 1>these school dreams? For decades after people leave school, you

0:26:48.880 --> 0:26:50.960
<v Speaker 1>might be in your fifties, you might be in your sixties,

0:26:51.080 --> 0:26:53.520
<v Speaker 1>and you're still having the dream where you forgot you

0:26:53.560 --> 0:26:56.280
<v Speaker 1>were enrolled in Russian calculus and you've got to show

0:26:56.359 --> 0:26:59.040
<v Speaker 1>up and take the exam. Why does that happen? Why

0:26:59.080 --> 0:27:01.199
<v Speaker 1>does that take hold of our brains? Why are we

0:27:01.240 --> 0:27:04.399
<v Speaker 1>not instead replacing those dreams with dreams about things that

0:27:04.440 --> 0:27:06.800
<v Speaker 1>are affecting us in the present. I think it's he

0:27:06.880 --> 0:27:09.600
<v Speaker 1>has a great question, and my my sort of gut

0:27:09.640 --> 0:27:12.560
<v Speaker 1>answers it would be that we live very boring lives,

0:27:12.920 --> 0:27:15.040
<v Speaker 1>you know, Like, like I I legitimately want I did

0:27:15.080 --> 0:27:17.040
<v Speaker 1>a little looking around for this, and I couldn't find

0:27:17.040 --> 0:27:20.679
<v Speaker 1>a good source. But my my immediate question is, like,

0:27:20.760 --> 0:27:23.480
<v Speaker 1>how would this kind of data match up with people

0:27:23.480 --> 0:27:26.800
<v Speaker 1>who instead of going to college, uh, like we're we're

0:27:26.880 --> 0:27:30.040
<v Speaker 1>drafted into the military. Like what would this data look like,

0:27:30.240 --> 0:27:32.480
<v Speaker 1>say from you know, more from like a World War

0:27:32.560 --> 0:27:37.159
<v Speaker 1>two era, um, you know, a group of subjects. I

0:27:37.240 --> 0:27:39.880
<v Speaker 1>was really curious about that too. And like, as we said,

0:27:39.880 --> 0:27:42.280
<v Speaker 1>you know, the data we have seemed to be affected

0:27:42.280 --> 0:27:45.560
<v Speaker 1>by like the selection problems that exist in a lot

0:27:45.600 --> 0:27:49.320
<v Speaker 1>of current psychological literature. But yeah, if there is data

0:27:49.400 --> 0:27:51.879
<v Speaker 1>like that out there somewhere and somebody knows about it,

0:27:51.880 --> 0:27:53.679
<v Speaker 1>please send it our way. I would love to see that,

0:27:53.760 --> 0:27:56.480
<v Speaker 1>to see if that's different. Likewise, this would be a

0:27:56.480 --> 0:27:58.960
<v Speaker 1>great area to hear from just our listeners, Like what

0:27:59.040 --> 0:28:00.959
<v Speaker 1>has you what's your experien as if you especially if

0:28:01.000 --> 0:28:03.320
<v Speaker 1>you didn't if if you were, say drafted into the

0:28:03.320 --> 0:28:06.240
<v Speaker 1>military or join the military, like right after high school,

0:28:06.280 --> 0:28:07.719
<v Speaker 1>Like what do you have more of Do you have

0:28:07.840 --> 0:28:11.399
<v Speaker 1>more like boot camp dreams or military dreams or even

0:28:11.600 --> 0:28:14.560
<v Speaker 1>combat dreams, or do you have more high school dreams?

0:28:14.880 --> 0:28:17.919
<v Speaker 1>Like I wonder, wonder like what has the most potency?

0:28:18.280 --> 0:28:21.560
<v Speaker 1>I mean, I wonder also our school dreams common among people,

0:28:21.560 --> 0:28:23.679
<v Speaker 1>say who didn't go to high school. Maybe if you

0:28:23.720 --> 0:28:26.919
<v Speaker 1>only have an elementary school education and you know you

0:28:26.960 --> 0:28:29.320
<v Speaker 1>went on straight to a career after that, do you

0:28:29.320 --> 0:28:32.480
<v Speaker 1>still have anxiety dreams about elementary school right? Or do

0:28:32.520 --> 0:28:35.320
<v Speaker 1>you have dreams about like the trials that take place

0:28:35.359 --> 0:28:38.640
<v Speaker 1>at that high school age stage of your life? Like

0:28:38.840 --> 0:28:42.600
<v Speaker 1>entering the workforce or you know, whatever happened to you know,

0:28:42.640 --> 0:28:45.120
<v Speaker 1>fill those years. Yeah, I wish we had more information

0:28:45.160 --> 0:28:47.800
<v Speaker 1>about that, but that's a very interesting question. All right.

0:28:47.840 --> 0:28:49.360
<v Speaker 1>On that note, we're going to take a quick break,

0:28:49.400 --> 0:28:54.040
<v Speaker 1>but we'll be right back. All right, we're back. So

0:28:54.160 --> 0:28:57.280
<v Speaker 1>in trying to answer this question of like why school

0:28:57.440 --> 0:29:00.760
<v Speaker 1>anxiety dreams seem to be so calm and among people

0:29:00.760 --> 0:29:03.360
<v Speaker 1>who went to high school or college but have been

0:29:03.640 --> 0:29:05.840
<v Speaker 1>long out of it, you know, like the high school

0:29:06.080 --> 0:29:09.280
<v Speaker 1>is not something that's still a pressing concern for them,

0:29:09.560 --> 0:29:11.720
<v Speaker 1>and yet they have nightmares about it, or at least

0:29:11.760 --> 0:29:15.280
<v Speaker 1>anxiety dreams about it frequently. Yeah, Like you can forget

0:29:15.360 --> 0:29:17.600
<v Speaker 1>everybody's name that you went to high school with, but

0:29:17.640 --> 0:29:21.200
<v Speaker 1>he still these dreams. I was reading an article by

0:29:21.280 --> 0:29:23.920
<v Speaker 1>the science writer Stephanie Poppas about this and and she

0:29:24.320 --> 0:29:26.600
<v Speaker 1>led me to some interesting thoughts that I don't think

0:29:26.600 --> 0:29:29.160
<v Speaker 1>I would have connected to automatically, but this was this

0:29:29.240 --> 0:29:32.080
<v Speaker 1>was cool. So so she's looking at the same question,

0:29:32.120 --> 0:29:34.800
<v Speaker 1>and one idea she brings up that I thought was

0:29:35.000 --> 0:29:38.400
<v Speaker 1>a very interesting possibility is an association with what's known

0:29:38.440 --> 0:29:42.160
<v Speaker 1>as the reminiscence bump. Robert, were you familiar with this. Okay,

0:29:42.200 --> 0:29:44.600
<v Speaker 1>I wasn't either, but um, but it makes sense based

0:29:44.640 --> 0:29:46.800
<v Speaker 1>on some other things I've read. So the reminiscence bump

0:29:47.480 --> 0:29:51.479
<v Speaker 1>is the tendency for people to have better recollection of

0:29:51.560 --> 0:29:55.160
<v Speaker 1>stuff that happened when they were in their late teenage years,

0:29:55.200 --> 0:29:58.560
<v Speaker 1>in their early twenties, and better recollection of that stuff

0:29:58.560 --> 0:30:01.560
<v Speaker 1>than any other point in their law fives. So, for example,

0:30:01.600 --> 0:30:04.120
<v Speaker 1>older adults, you take somebody maybe in their fifties or

0:30:04.160 --> 0:30:07.800
<v Speaker 1>sixties or seventies, they will seem to have greater access

0:30:07.880 --> 0:30:12.720
<v Speaker 1>to more vivid memories with more accuracy at the referring

0:30:12.760 --> 0:30:14.600
<v Speaker 1>to things that happened at the time there were maybe

0:30:14.640 --> 0:30:18.560
<v Speaker 1>sixteen to twenty five, and less access to memories with

0:30:18.680 --> 0:30:22.480
<v Speaker 1>less accuracy dealing with things both before and after this.

0:30:23.200 --> 0:30:26.280
<v Speaker 1>And many studies have demonstrated the reminiscence bump. I think

0:30:26.280 --> 0:30:29.120
<v Speaker 1>this is a well established phenomenon. Well I could see

0:30:29.120 --> 0:30:31.640
<v Speaker 1>that being a you know, a direct factor in its

0:30:31.680 --> 0:30:34.520
<v Speaker 1>then for sure, Yeah, it's possible. So we'll continue to

0:30:34.560 --> 0:30:36.800
<v Speaker 1>think about this. But to look a little bit more

0:30:36.800 --> 0:30:39.520
<v Speaker 1>closely at the reminiscence bump, if you want to imagine

0:30:39.680 --> 0:30:43.160
<v Speaker 1>basically the quality or salience of memories throughout the life.

0:30:43.160 --> 0:30:47.040
<v Speaker 1>In general. Uh, the quality and quantity of autobiographical memories

0:30:47.120 --> 0:30:49.480
<v Speaker 1>is is not equal across time, and there's sort of

0:30:49.520 --> 0:30:53.960
<v Speaker 1>an s curve in lifetime memory retrieval. For example, adults

0:30:53.960 --> 0:30:56.600
<v Speaker 1>tend to remember very little from before the age of

0:30:56.640 --> 0:30:59.640
<v Speaker 1>five or so. This is sometimes referred to as childhood amnesia.

0:31:00.280 --> 0:31:03.440
<v Speaker 1>Memories increase from here and you get this curve going

0:31:03.560 --> 0:31:05.920
<v Speaker 1>up where the older you get, the more memories you

0:31:05.960 --> 0:31:08.960
<v Speaker 1>have from that period, and it peaks sometime around the

0:31:09.000 --> 0:31:12.719
<v Speaker 1>early twenties, like late teens, early twenties. That's that's the

0:31:12.760 --> 0:31:15.480
<v Speaker 1>golden time for having the most memories that are most

0:31:15.520 --> 0:31:19.000
<v Speaker 1>easily retrieved. And that it's also a reason perhaps that

0:31:19.080 --> 0:31:21.960
<v Speaker 1>you like so much of the nostalgia that is marketed

0:31:22.000 --> 0:31:24.360
<v Speaker 1>at you is going to be marketed at things from

0:31:24.400 --> 0:31:27.240
<v Speaker 1>that period of your life. Oh yeah, actually, uh now

0:31:27.320 --> 0:31:29.360
<v Speaker 1>I don't remember who made this point, but somebody I

0:31:29.400 --> 0:31:31.440
<v Speaker 1>was reading made this point. I'm sorry I can't remember

0:31:31.440 --> 0:31:34.320
<v Speaker 1>the name. Pointed out that the connection between this and

0:31:34.360 --> 0:31:37.120
<v Speaker 1>the cycle of remakes and films, that there seems to

0:31:37.120 --> 0:31:40.000
<v Speaker 1>be about a twenty year lag and that would tie

0:31:40.040 --> 0:31:43.040
<v Speaker 1>in with like the stuff you remember coming out when

0:31:43.040 --> 0:31:45.960
<v Speaker 1>you were twenty years old, you being ripe to like

0:31:46.360 --> 0:31:49.320
<v Speaker 1>go engage in nostalgia for that or even participate in

0:31:49.440 --> 0:31:52.719
<v Speaker 1>making the remake when you're forty interesting Okay, But anyway,

0:31:52.760 --> 0:31:55.840
<v Speaker 1>after this increase in in the retrieval of memories from

0:31:55.880 --> 0:31:59.040
<v Speaker 1>around the early twenties, they your your ability to retrieve

0:31:59.080 --> 0:32:02.600
<v Speaker 1>memories decline again from later periods, so older adults remember

0:32:02.760 --> 0:32:06.479
<v Speaker 1>less from their thirties and forties. Though, of course, no

0:32:06.520 --> 0:32:08.680
<v Speaker 1>matter what age we are, we tend to recall recent

0:32:08.760 --> 0:32:12.760
<v Speaker 1>events better, So whatever wherever you are in the age range,

0:32:13.080 --> 0:32:15.160
<v Speaker 1>the memory of course from the last few years will

0:32:15.240 --> 0:32:17.560
<v Speaker 1>usually be pretty good. So no matter what your age is,

0:32:17.920 --> 0:32:20.120
<v Speaker 1>if you're after you know, thirties or forties, you're going

0:32:20.200 --> 0:32:22.200
<v Speaker 1>to have kind of an s curve with it peaking

0:32:22.320 --> 0:32:25.800
<v Speaker 1>up again for more recent things. So we can definitely

0:32:25.840 --> 0:32:29.160
<v Speaker 1>see how this could be related. It could be relevant

0:32:29.840 --> 0:32:32.480
<v Speaker 1>to the lifelong power of school related terror and it

0:32:32.800 --> 0:32:35.840
<v Speaker 1>seems to line up especially with the observation that the

0:32:35.840 --> 0:32:39.440
<v Speaker 1>majority of school related dreams are not about like elementary school,

0:32:39.440 --> 0:32:41.520
<v Speaker 1>but they tend to be about high school and college.

0:32:41.920 --> 0:32:45.720
<v Speaker 1>So that could be because school anxieties are common for

0:32:45.720 --> 0:32:48.000
<v Speaker 1>people who attend high school and college in their late

0:32:48.040 --> 0:32:51.600
<v Speaker 1>teens and early twenties, and these themes are especially salient

0:32:51.680 --> 0:32:54.880
<v Speaker 1>and easy to access in memory for dream content. But

0:32:55.200 --> 0:32:57.400
<v Speaker 1>I guess this forces us to ask the question, if

0:32:57.440 --> 0:33:00.200
<v Speaker 1>the reminiscence bump plays a role in the prevalence of

0:33:00.240 --> 0:33:03.600
<v Speaker 1>school related dreams, why do we have a reminiscence bump

0:33:03.640 --> 0:33:06.479
<v Speaker 1>in the first place, Like why would we remember this

0:33:06.560 --> 0:33:09.200
<v Speaker 1>part of our lives better than other parts of our lives.

0:33:09.560 --> 0:33:11.600
<v Speaker 1>And there have been a lot of hypotheses to explain

0:33:11.640 --> 0:33:13.640
<v Speaker 1>this pattern. I think it's something that it's you know,

0:33:13.720 --> 0:33:15.840
<v Speaker 1>it's not fully answered yet, but there's a lot of

0:33:15.880 --> 0:33:19.160
<v Speaker 1>research and thought about this. An early idea was that

0:33:19.360 --> 0:33:21.080
<v Speaker 1>maybe this is just the time of life when like

0:33:21.160 --> 0:33:24.640
<v Speaker 1>the brain is physically most adept, it's you know, your brain,

0:33:24.760 --> 0:33:28.080
<v Speaker 1>is it optimized, high potential, it's making memories best than

0:33:28.360 --> 0:33:31.880
<v Speaker 1>those those memories are easiest to retrieve later. Well. One

0:33:32.000 --> 0:33:34.479
<v Speaker 1>one possibility that I think ties directly in with this,

0:33:35.120 --> 0:33:36.800
<v Speaker 1>that you know, I'll come back to later on, is

0:33:36.840 --> 0:33:40.640
<v Speaker 1>that this is a time period this is the teenage brain.

0:33:40.760 --> 0:33:42.680
<v Speaker 1>And uh, we've talked about the teenage brain on the

0:33:42.720 --> 0:33:44.960
<v Speaker 1>show in the past, about how it is it is

0:33:45.000 --> 0:33:47.240
<v Speaker 1>wired a little differently, like the different there are different

0:33:47.280 --> 0:33:51.960
<v Speaker 1>priorities for the teenage brain, for instance, with making social connections.

0:33:52.520 --> 0:33:56.120
<v Speaker 1>Uh and you know, from an evolutionary standpoint, like that

0:33:56.280 --> 0:33:58.880
<v Speaker 1>is there because you would need to make connections with

0:33:58.920 --> 0:34:02.560
<v Speaker 1>new people, you would need to branch out and uh

0:34:02.640 --> 0:34:05.480
<v Speaker 1>and and become a part of other groups and it

0:34:05.520 --> 0:34:09.040
<v Speaker 1>would be necessary for your survival. So like the teenage

0:34:09.080 --> 0:34:12.160
<v Speaker 1>brain is is wired for this passage into a new

0:34:12.160 --> 0:34:15.480
<v Speaker 1>phase of life. Uh So, yeah, that could be part

0:34:15.480 --> 0:34:17.160
<v Speaker 1>of it for sure. Well, I want to come back

0:34:17.200 --> 0:34:19.560
<v Speaker 1>to that in a second, because who's the Who's the

0:34:19.600 --> 0:34:22.600
<v Speaker 1>personality that you need most importantly to make a connection

0:34:22.640 --> 0:34:26.719
<v Speaker 1>to for social relevance. It's yourself, right, that's like identity

0:34:26.760 --> 0:34:29.160
<v Speaker 1>formation period. So so we'll come back to that in

0:34:29.160 --> 0:34:32.279
<v Speaker 1>a minute. Uh. There's another explanation that seems to have

0:34:32.280 --> 0:34:34.960
<v Speaker 1>gained some credence after the initial thing about maybe the

0:34:35.000 --> 0:34:37.680
<v Speaker 1>brain just being good at making memories. Then, um, it

0:34:37.719 --> 0:34:39.719
<v Speaker 1>has to do with the nature of life in late

0:34:39.719 --> 0:34:43.280
<v Speaker 1>teens in early twenties. Maybe we remember this period best

0:34:43.400 --> 0:34:45.919
<v Speaker 1>because for many of us, this is the period when

0:34:46.000 --> 0:34:49.800
<v Speaker 1>life is filled with the most variety and novelty. Remember

0:34:49.840 --> 0:34:54.120
<v Speaker 1>when we talked about the sort of the psychological dilation

0:34:54.200 --> 0:34:58.200
<v Speaker 1>of time. Experiences that feel like they're taking the longest

0:34:58.320 --> 0:35:01.000
<v Speaker 1>actually take up the shortest time time in our memory,

0:35:01.360 --> 0:35:04.320
<v Speaker 1>and they sort of collapse because these are the mundane, boring,

0:35:04.360 --> 0:35:08.360
<v Speaker 1>grinding experiences. An hour waiting in line for something feels

0:35:08.360 --> 0:35:10.480
<v Speaker 1>like it takes forever, but it takes up almost no

0:35:10.520 --> 0:35:15.000
<v Speaker 1>space in your later memory. Meanwhile, a novel experience that

0:35:15.040 --> 0:35:18.040
<v Speaker 1>you've never done before, it's very strange and challenging to you,

0:35:18.440 --> 0:35:21.120
<v Speaker 1>goes by in an instant in the moment, but then

0:35:21.200 --> 0:35:25.080
<v Speaker 1>in your memory it takes up this expansive character. And

0:35:25.400 --> 0:35:28.319
<v Speaker 1>thus the faster your time seems to go by in

0:35:28.360 --> 0:35:31.440
<v Speaker 1>the present, the more time you seem to have had

0:35:31.520 --> 0:35:34.279
<v Speaker 1>to experience life in your memory. Yeah to the prime

0:35:34.280 --> 0:35:36.799
<v Speaker 1>examples of this are frequently, of course, a vacation, and

0:35:36.920 --> 0:35:39.320
<v Speaker 1>ultimately that's one of the great things about of a vacation,

0:35:39.400 --> 0:35:43.560
<v Speaker 1>because you've you've changed the way you're interacting with novelty

0:35:43.640 --> 0:35:46.719
<v Speaker 1>in your life. Uh. The darker example, though, it would

0:35:46.760 --> 0:35:50.239
<v Speaker 1>of course be a traumatic occurrence, where it is it

0:35:50.320 --> 0:35:54.000
<v Speaker 1>is also impacting your life in a novel way. But

0:35:54.120 --> 0:35:56.279
<v Speaker 1>in both cases, those can be things that where it

0:35:56.280 --> 0:35:58.520
<v Speaker 1>just seems like time is super sped up in the moment,

0:35:58.600 --> 0:36:00.560
<v Speaker 1>like the things are just rushing, asked you, and then

0:36:00.600 --> 0:36:03.200
<v Speaker 1>it's over. But then when you think back that time

0:36:03.280 --> 0:36:07.160
<v Speaker 1>is way stretched out. It represents more life than the

0:36:07.440 --> 0:36:09.200
<v Speaker 1>you know, the week before that, where there was there

0:36:09.280 --> 0:36:12.319
<v Speaker 1>was just a mundane work week. Yeah. Another example of

0:36:12.320 --> 0:36:15.279
<v Speaker 1>this is frequently a one's wedding. If you've had a

0:36:15.280 --> 0:36:17.719
<v Speaker 1>wedding ceremony, like it's it's it's really become kind of

0:36:17.760 --> 0:36:20.279
<v Speaker 1>a trope, right that it will it will just fly by.

0:36:20.440 --> 0:36:23.440
<v Speaker 1>You'll barely have a chance to experience it in the moment,

0:36:23.600 --> 0:36:25.560
<v Speaker 1>but of course it will be this thing that you

0:36:25.800 --> 0:36:28.239
<v Speaker 1>think back to, uh, you know, for the rest of

0:36:28.239 --> 0:36:30.640
<v Speaker 1>your life. Right, And this does seem to go along

0:36:30.640 --> 0:36:33.120
<v Speaker 1>with some psychology and neuroscience. It's well known that the

0:36:33.120 --> 0:36:38.360
<v Speaker 1>brain essentially encodes stronger memories of novel experiences than of

0:36:38.520 --> 0:36:41.960
<v Speaker 1>routine ones. You're gonna have a weaker memory of things

0:36:42.000 --> 0:36:44.400
<v Speaker 1>that you've done a million times and just happened to

0:36:44.400 --> 0:36:46.800
<v Speaker 1>do again the other day, then of something that was

0:36:46.840 --> 0:36:50.279
<v Speaker 1>really unusual and new for you. Just for example, I

0:36:50.480 --> 0:36:52.960
<v Speaker 1>was reading an article about the reminiscence bump by Katie

0:36:53.000 --> 0:36:55.960
<v Speaker 1>Waldman and Slade and She pointed out that there was

0:36:56.000 --> 0:36:59.880
<v Speaker 1>a nineteen eight study that found that nine percent of

0:37:00.080 --> 0:37:04.000
<v Speaker 1>vivid life memories concern unique or first time events. That's

0:37:04.040 --> 0:37:06.239
<v Speaker 1>a lot. Yeah, I mean that would make sense. I

0:37:06.280 --> 0:37:08.320
<v Speaker 1>mean just if you look at memories just to sheer

0:37:08.400 --> 0:37:12.719
<v Speaker 1>like cataloging of events or occurrences that may prove useful later,

0:37:13.120 --> 0:37:15.200
<v Speaker 1>like the ones that are gonna be highlighted, or this

0:37:15.239 --> 0:37:17.879
<v Speaker 1>would never happen before, Well, we better we better mark

0:37:17.960 --> 0:37:19.960
<v Speaker 1>this one. We better make sure this one's nice and vivid,

0:37:20.160 --> 0:37:22.440
<v Speaker 1>because this will this could be useful if this thing

0:37:22.480 --> 0:37:25.200
<v Speaker 1>were to happen again exactly. But this theory has some

0:37:25.320 --> 0:37:28.400
<v Speaker 1>challenges to explain. The reminiscence bump, for example, a big

0:37:28.440 --> 0:37:32.600
<v Speaker 1>problem a lot of the memories that people report experiencing

0:37:32.840 --> 0:37:36.040
<v Speaker 1>through their reminiscence bumps. So you ask somebody to say, okay,

0:37:36.080 --> 0:37:37.880
<v Speaker 1>you know, what are the things you you know remember

0:37:37.880 --> 0:37:40.160
<v Speaker 1>in your life and make a list of autobiographical details.

0:37:40.200 --> 0:37:42.719
<v Speaker 1>A lot of them are gonna be in their say,

0:37:42.719 --> 0:37:45.799
<v Speaker 1>early twenties or late teens or something. But a lot

0:37:45.840 --> 0:37:49.799
<v Speaker 1>of these experiences are not, in fact novel experiences. They'll

0:37:49.840 --> 0:37:53.879
<v Speaker 1>remember something mundane from that time period. Well like when

0:37:53.920 --> 0:37:56.799
<v Speaker 1>I think back to high school. I don't think I

0:37:56.880 --> 0:38:02.160
<v Speaker 1>have any definitive memories of specific tests that I was

0:38:02.160 --> 0:38:05.839
<v Speaker 1>stressed out about. You know. It's it's like these these

0:38:05.920 --> 0:38:10.520
<v Speaker 1>dreams seem to be occurring from just a generalization of

0:38:10.520 --> 0:38:13.320
<v Speaker 1>of of anxiety that I was feeling at the time. Yeah,

0:38:13.360 --> 0:38:16.160
<v Speaker 1>and so Waltman's article points actually to something that I

0:38:16.160 --> 0:38:18.120
<v Speaker 1>found really interesting. And this comes back to the point

0:38:18.160 --> 0:38:20.880
<v Speaker 1>you were making earlier that we're both talking about earlier.

0:38:21.120 --> 0:38:24.080
<v Speaker 1>Another theory that's become popular and gained some traction in

0:38:24.160 --> 0:38:27.920
<v Speaker 1>explaining the reminiscence bump is that the reminiscence bump occurs

0:38:27.960 --> 0:38:30.680
<v Speaker 1>in the late teens, in early twenties or its peaks then,

0:38:31.200 --> 0:38:33.800
<v Speaker 1>because this is a time full of memories that people

0:38:33.840 --> 0:38:38.640
<v Speaker 1>come to see as self defining. These are autobiographical, narrative

0:38:38.680 --> 0:38:41.839
<v Speaker 1>experiences that come to mind when we're asked to think

0:38:41.880 --> 0:38:46.120
<v Speaker 1>about our identity, who we are, and so experiences and

0:38:46.120 --> 0:38:49.120
<v Speaker 1>and studies have shown this experiences that we see as

0:38:49.160 --> 0:38:54.000
<v Speaker 1>self defining occupy a privileged place in our memory, even

0:38:54.040 --> 0:38:57.120
<v Speaker 1>if they occur at other stages of life. But apparently

0:38:57.160 --> 0:39:00.840
<v Speaker 1>it's just very common for self defining experiences to be

0:39:00.960 --> 0:39:03.759
<v Speaker 1>clustered in your late teenage years and in your twenties.

0:39:04.000 --> 0:39:06.880
<v Speaker 1>Does that make sense? Yeah? Absolutely, yeah, I mean this

0:39:06.960 --> 0:39:10.920
<v Speaker 1>was this is this this time of of expansion in

0:39:10.960 --> 0:39:14.400
<v Speaker 1>our life, this time of stepping from one one stone

0:39:14.440 --> 0:39:17.439
<v Speaker 1>across the stream to another. Yeah. And so normally when

0:39:17.440 --> 0:39:21.399
<v Speaker 1>we think about self defining memories, we want to drift

0:39:21.400 --> 0:39:24.200
<v Speaker 1>towards the positive, right, And so if you are asked

0:39:24.200 --> 0:39:27.240
<v Speaker 1>to make a list of like I am statements about yourself,

0:39:27.560 --> 0:39:31.160
<v Speaker 1>so you know, make list ten statements about you saying

0:39:31.200 --> 0:39:34.160
<v Speaker 1>like I am this, I am that, And then after that,

0:39:34.320 --> 0:39:36.520
<v Speaker 1>I say, take every one of those I am statements

0:39:36.760 --> 0:39:40.319
<v Speaker 1>and make a list of specific autobiographical memories you have

0:39:40.560 --> 0:39:44.120
<v Speaker 1>that that that illustrate this fact about you that you

0:39:44.160 --> 0:39:47.840
<v Speaker 1>are this thing. People will tend to make lists of

0:39:47.880 --> 0:39:50.560
<v Speaker 1>a lot of things from their like teenage in early

0:39:50.600 --> 0:39:54.279
<v Speaker 1>twenties period. But studies find that that people can have

0:39:54.960 --> 0:39:59.720
<v Speaker 1>un if people have self defining experience at other periods

0:39:59.719 --> 0:40:02.480
<v Speaker 1>in their life, they will remember these other periods in

0:40:02.520 --> 0:40:06.080
<v Speaker 1>their life very well also. Uh So, so it could

0:40:06.080 --> 0:40:11.960
<v Speaker 1>just be that there's this unfortunate like timeline coincidence, coincide, coincidence,

0:40:11.960 --> 0:40:16.000
<v Speaker 1>coincidence that the timeline of when you're in high school

0:40:16.080 --> 0:40:19.040
<v Speaker 1>and when you're in college. Happens to line up pretty

0:40:19.040 --> 0:40:22.120
<v Speaker 1>well with the timeline of when you're figuring out who

0:40:22.120 --> 0:40:24.799
<v Speaker 1>you are and making memories that will last the rest

0:40:24.840 --> 0:40:27.040
<v Speaker 1>of your life to help you make sense of your

0:40:27.080 --> 0:40:29.800
<v Speaker 1>life and your in your narrative arc. Absolutely, yeah, I

0:40:30.000 --> 0:40:32.960
<v Speaker 1>think those two line up, you know, rather nicely now.

0:40:32.960 --> 0:40:35.399
<v Speaker 1>But then again, uh. In that article I was talking

0:40:35.400 --> 0:40:39.120
<v Speaker 1>about by Stephanie Poppas, she also interviews Michael Shreddle, who's

0:40:39.160 --> 0:40:41.680
<v Speaker 1>in charge of the sleep Laboratory at Central Institute of

0:40:41.719 --> 0:40:44.720
<v Speaker 1>Mental Health in Mannheim, Germany. Yeah, he's the same author

0:40:44.840 --> 0:40:47.799
<v Speaker 1>of that and the nightmare survey that referred to earlier. Yeah,

0:40:47.840 --> 0:40:51.040
<v Speaker 1>and one of the studies I referred to earlier survey.

0:40:51.480 --> 0:40:55.680
<v Speaker 1>And Shreddle does not agree with the reminiscence bump theory.

0:40:55.760 --> 0:40:59.280
<v Speaker 1>He he thinks that dreams stem from the brain trying

0:40:59.320 --> 0:41:02.720
<v Speaker 1>to deal with problems it's facing in the present, perhaps

0:41:02.719 --> 0:41:05.520
<v Speaker 1>by way of analogy, and and he tells her quote

0:41:05.719 --> 0:41:09.719
<v Speaker 1>the examination, dreams are triggered by current life situations that

0:41:09.800 --> 0:41:14.640
<v Speaker 1>have similar emotional qualities. And I mean, obviously, you know

0:41:14.719 --> 0:41:17.719
<v Speaker 1>he's the expert on this. I'm not, but I have

0:41:17.960 --> 0:41:20.920
<v Speaker 1>some issues with that because if this is true, I

0:41:20.920 --> 0:41:23.640
<v Speaker 1>feel like, in a way, it still doesn't answer the question. Like,

0:41:23.760 --> 0:41:27.240
<v Speaker 1>let's say that all school anxiety dreams are actually functioning

0:41:27.280 --> 0:41:30.719
<v Speaker 1>on a kind of unconscious system of metaphors. It's the

0:41:30.760 --> 0:41:35.040
<v Speaker 1>brain working over current problems and obstacles by presenting a

0:41:35.080 --> 0:41:39.160
<v Speaker 1>strange metaphorical scenario that has similar emotional qualities. We don't

0:41:39.200 --> 0:41:41.480
<v Speaker 1>know that's the case, but let's assume that's the case. Yeah, Like,

0:41:41.520 --> 0:41:44.399
<v Speaker 1>for instance, you're not looking for a classroom in which

0:41:44.400 --> 0:41:46.200
<v Speaker 1>you have to take an exam, but perhaps you're looking

0:41:46.239 --> 0:41:49.520
<v Speaker 1>for something. Perhaps you're not concerned about failing a test,

0:41:49.800 --> 0:41:54.160
<v Speaker 1>perhaps like you're concerned about being judged in one fashion

0:41:54.280 --> 0:41:57.360
<v Speaker 1>or another. Exactly right, Yes, So if that's the case,

0:41:57.520 --> 0:42:01.719
<v Speaker 1>the question remains, why is school so prevalent as the

0:42:01.719 --> 0:42:05.480
<v Speaker 1>metaphor that the brain chooses even later in life? If

0:42:05.520 --> 0:42:08.600
<v Speaker 1>for some reason it must default to a metaphor, why

0:42:08.640 --> 0:42:11.239
<v Speaker 1>not one from more recent experience. Why aren't all the

0:42:11.239 --> 0:42:14.600
<v Speaker 1>fifty year old's anxiety dreams about school or replaced with

0:42:14.719 --> 0:42:19.160
<v Speaker 1>dreams about other anxiety inducing situations from the past month

0:42:19.320 --> 0:42:21.960
<v Speaker 1>or the past year of their life? Why go back

0:42:22.000 --> 0:42:24.440
<v Speaker 1>to this time? So I feel like that that could

0:42:24.440 --> 0:42:27.279
<v Speaker 1>be true, but it wouldn't necessarily answer the question of

0:42:27.320 --> 0:42:30.480
<v Speaker 1>why school in the dreams? Now is? I believe we

0:42:30.600 --> 0:42:35.520
<v Speaker 1>mentioned earlier that dream anxiety dreams about exams in school.

0:42:36.200 --> 0:42:38.760
<v Speaker 1>You know, we've mostly been dealing about them after the fact,

0:42:39.719 --> 0:42:43.120
<v Speaker 1>you know, five, ten, twenty forty years later. But the

0:42:43.160 --> 0:42:45.960
<v Speaker 1>reality is that we also see these dreams occurring, you know,

0:42:46.000 --> 0:42:50.799
<v Speaker 1>in real time before the tests occur, being experienced by

0:42:50.920 --> 0:42:53.520
<v Speaker 1>actual students. Yeah, and that that's the time when it

0:42:53.560 --> 0:42:56.160
<v Speaker 1>totally makes sense. It's more just the mystery of why

0:42:56.200 --> 0:42:58.719
<v Speaker 1>they occur later in life. But maybe by understanding what

0:42:58.920 --> 0:43:01.520
<v Speaker 1>role they serve in the moment, you could better understand

0:43:01.520 --> 0:43:04.439
<v Speaker 1>why they linger in the brain so much. Right. So, yeah,

0:43:04.440 --> 0:43:06.880
<v Speaker 1>this bring brings us to this this broader question, right,

0:43:06.960 --> 0:43:10.240
<v Speaker 1>could could anxiety dreams actually be adaptive? Are they helping

0:43:10.320 --> 0:43:12.839
<v Speaker 1>us in one way or another? Are the contents of

0:43:12.880 --> 0:43:15.400
<v Speaker 1>them helping us in some way? Right? And and this

0:43:15.600 --> 0:43:17.720
<v Speaker 1>again we come back to sort of the division about

0:43:18.080 --> 0:43:20.600
<v Speaker 1>dreams and how they work. Does the content matter at all?

0:43:21.080 --> 0:43:23.360
<v Speaker 1>Or or or the contents of the dreams sort of

0:43:23.400 --> 0:43:26.880
<v Speaker 1>like the scap that has been extruded by by the

0:43:26.920 --> 0:43:31.600
<v Speaker 1>like the psychic digestive system of the sleeping mind. Uh. Anyway,

0:43:31.600 --> 0:43:33.440
<v Speaker 1>and this we end up, you know, coming back, yeah

0:43:33.480 --> 0:43:36.200
<v Speaker 1>to those big questions. I'm reminded of an interview that

0:43:36.239 --> 0:43:40.760
<v Speaker 1>we conducted with the Dr marn Surf years ago on

0:43:40.800 --> 0:43:42.920
<v Speaker 1>our episode. I believe it was the one about the

0:43:43.000 --> 0:43:46.440
<v Speaker 1>nine dream Worlds of Frederick penn Eden. And you know,

0:43:46.480 --> 0:43:49.160
<v Speaker 1>you talked about there being five different theories out there,

0:43:49.160 --> 0:43:52.640
<v Speaker 1>predominant theories about dreams that range from importance about dream

0:43:52.640 --> 0:43:56.000
<v Speaker 1>content that range from importance to non importance, you know,

0:43:56.160 --> 0:43:58.360
<v Speaker 1>ranging from it like it's like a defragmentation of the

0:43:58.400 --> 0:44:01.239
<v Speaker 1>hard drive, you know, a race and key memories assorting

0:44:01.680 --> 0:44:05.920
<v Speaker 1>dreams as emergent narrative another one. Um. And other extreme

0:44:05.960 --> 0:44:07.919
<v Speaker 1>examples include, you know, the idea that our our brain

0:44:08.000 --> 0:44:10.759
<v Speaker 1>is looking at things that we suppressed during the day,

0:44:11.080 --> 0:44:13.560
<v Speaker 1>or that the brain is using the dream to simulate

0:44:13.680 --> 0:44:15.880
<v Speaker 1>futures for us so that we can act better in

0:44:15.880 --> 0:44:20.399
<v Speaker 1>the waking world and um and yeah, so we're looking

0:44:20.440 --> 0:44:22.800
<v Speaker 1>around them. There are some interesting cases to be made

0:44:23.040 --> 0:44:27.400
<v Speaker 1>regarding these anxiety dreams as being perhaps even being simulations

0:44:27.440 --> 0:44:29.880
<v Speaker 1>for something that's coming, at least dealing with stress ahead

0:44:29.880 --> 0:44:33.520
<v Speaker 1>of an event. And uh so, one of the papers

0:44:33.560 --> 0:44:37.239
<v Speaker 1>that looked at here was will students pass a competitive

0:44:37.280 --> 0:44:41.000
<v Speaker 1>exam that they failed in their dreams? This was published

0:44:41.000 --> 0:44:46.759
<v Speaker 1>in in Consciousness and Cognition was by Arnold at All

0:44:47.480 --> 0:44:50.720
<v Speaker 1>So the authors point out that most students in medical

0:44:50.760 --> 0:44:54.480
<v Speaker 1>school dream about an exam before the exam, and they

0:44:54.520 --> 0:44:58.480
<v Speaker 1>primarily dream of failure, being late, not being able to

0:44:58.520 --> 0:45:01.319
<v Speaker 1>answer the questions on the exam, et cetera. And yet,

0:45:01.800 --> 0:45:05.840
<v Speaker 1>unlike you know, with typical anxiety, dreaming of an exam

0:45:05.960 --> 0:45:10.200
<v Speaker 1>seems to predict higher performance on the exam. So their

0:45:10.239 --> 0:45:14.879
<v Speaker 1>theory was that it's like your dramaticization of high concerns

0:45:15.080 --> 0:45:18.640
<v Speaker 1>during the dreams maybe training the brain for the challenges

0:45:18.719 --> 0:45:21.359
<v Speaker 1>to come, so kind of like let's just hit him

0:45:21.400 --> 0:45:23.160
<v Speaker 1>with a bunch of like the brain is just hitting

0:45:23.160 --> 0:45:25.719
<v Speaker 1>you with a bunch of worst case scenarios so that

0:45:25.800 --> 0:45:29.920
<v Speaker 1>you'll be like better emotionally prepared for something more middle

0:45:29.920 --> 0:45:32.120
<v Speaker 1>of the road. That's really interesting. I mean I do

0:45:32.160 --> 0:45:36.680
<v Speaker 1>wonder if that's true, Like just mechanically, how does it work,

0:45:37.280 --> 0:45:40.960
<v Speaker 1>you know, literally, how does it increase the brain's ability

0:45:41.040 --> 0:45:43.919
<v Speaker 1>to actually deal with the test, to have the dream

0:45:43.960 --> 0:45:47.560
<v Speaker 1>about it. Yeah, it also sounds like like maybe you know,

0:45:47.560 --> 0:45:50.280
<v Speaker 1>we don't want to personify the brain. The sleeping brain

0:45:50.440 --> 0:45:53.360
<v Speaker 1>is being like a you know, a team of little

0:45:53.400 --> 0:45:56.080
<v Speaker 1>bitty scientists that are deciding how they're gonna what they're

0:45:56.080 --> 0:45:58.560
<v Speaker 1>gonna roll out, what kind of programming is presented. Is

0:45:58.600 --> 0:46:01.120
<v Speaker 1>with because it also seems like, well, okay, if we

0:46:01.160 --> 0:46:03.160
<v Speaker 1>could go back to the idea that dreams don't matter

0:46:03.400 --> 0:46:06.439
<v Speaker 1>and this is just simply, uh, the dream content doesn't matter,

0:46:06.480 --> 0:46:09.240
<v Speaker 1>and that this is just a you know, a reverberation

0:46:09.480 --> 0:46:12.319
<v Speaker 1>of our of our concerns during the day. You know,

0:46:12.360 --> 0:46:14.400
<v Speaker 1>if you're stressed out, maybe you're I mean, that's what

0:46:14.440 --> 0:46:16.960
<v Speaker 1>we do with mental time travel. We run these scenarios

0:46:16.960 --> 0:46:19.160
<v Speaker 1>in real time, and we think, oh, my goodness, what

0:46:19.200 --> 0:46:20.920
<v Speaker 1>if I don't get there in time? What if I fail?

0:46:20.960 --> 0:46:23.040
<v Speaker 1>What if I don't get good enough good night's sleep

0:46:23.080 --> 0:46:26.160
<v Speaker 1>before the exam? Uh it makes sense that if you're

0:46:26.160 --> 0:46:28.000
<v Speaker 1>worrying about there in the day, you're gonna worry about

0:46:28.000 --> 0:46:31.520
<v Speaker 1>that at night. Uh. So it becomes, you know, difficult

0:46:31.560 --> 0:46:35.520
<v Speaker 1>to really characterize the purpose if there is one of

0:46:35.560 --> 0:46:39.000
<v Speaker 1>the dream content. I also looked at a paper titled

0:46:39.040 --> 0:46:43.160
<v Speaker 1>Inception the Exam Dream is Real by Alan J. Oxford,

0:46:43.280 --> 0:46:47.080
<v Speaker 1>The third published in a pin state law review. This

0:46:47.080 --> 0:46:48.680
<v Speaker 1>one is also fun because there were a lot of

0:46:48.719 --> 0:46:53.000
<v Speaker 1>Morpheus quotes what in the in the paper, but but

0:46:53.040 --> 0:46:55.080
<v Speaker 1>it was, it was very well written and uh and

0:46:55.120 --> 0:46:57.720
<v Speaker 1>of course it springs as the title suggests, from similar

0:46:57.760 --> 0:47:01.520
<v Speaker 1>situations with law students. And the paper is is lengthy

0:47:01.520 --> 0:47:04.080
<v Speaker 1>and wrestles with the viewpoint that while you know the

0:47:04.120 --> 0:47:07.000
<v Speaker 1>function of sleep and dreaming is vital for our survival,

0:47:07.400 --> 0:47:11.319
<v Speaker 1>you know, essentially restoring our energy, arguably to fragging the

0:47:11.360 --> 0:47:14.440
<v Speaker 1>hard drive, the content of our dreams, you know, may

0:47:14.600 --> 0:47:17.880
<v Speaker 1>very well be without purpose. Again according to some of

0:47:17.920 --> 0:47:20.960
<v Speaker 1>the models. Uh, you're the junk in your dreams may

0:47:20.960 --> 0:47:23.520
<v Speaker 1>simply be there because it's the same junk you've been

0:47:23.560 --> 0:47:26.560
<v Speaker 1>wrestling with all day, all week, all month as you

0:47:26.640 --> 0:47:31.080
<v Speaker 1>prepare for your tests. So I can't help but return

0:47:31.120 --> 0:47:34.359
<v Speaker 1>to this basic scenario of human survival that we've been

0:47:34.400 --> 0:47:38.080
<v Speaker 1>discussing here. You know that these dreams again are often

0:47:38.120 --> 0:47:41.520
<v Speaker 1>relating to periods of great stress and vulnerability, and they

0:47:41.560 --> 0:47:44.800
<v Speaker 1>are in a paper tiger sense of things, not unlike

0:47:45.000 --> 0:47:48.280
<v Speaker 1>states of birth. You know, a process is in place,

0:47:48.560 --> 0:47:50.960
<v Speaker 1>but there is a potential for things to go very wrong.

0:47:51.080 --> 0:47:54.279
<v Speaker 1>There's a risk and in many models of the afterlife.

0:47:54.480 --> 0:47:58.560
<v Speaker 1>The same scenario is also present in transferring to the

0:47:58.600 --> 0:48:02.879
<v Speaker 1>realms beyond death. Uh. Take Tibetan Buddhism, for instance, one

0:48:02.920 --> 0:48:06.839
<v Speaker 1>goes through a mental rehearsal, meditation, and practice so as

0:48:06.880 --> 0:48:10.439
<v Speaker 1>to ensure one's dying consciousness moves safely through all eight

0:48:10.480 --> 0:48:14.560
<v Speaker 1>stages of death to the death point. Confusing, but you know,

0:48:14.560 --> 0:48:18.480
<v Speaker 1>in many ways enlightening state that may last for many days. Oh,

0:48:18.520 --> 0:48:21.719
<v Speaker 1>I think about the ancient Egyptian sort of rehearsals for

0:48:21.920 --> 0:48:25.400
<v Speaker 1>the progress through the afterlife. Yeah, I think very similar scenario.

0:48:25.560 --> 0:48:27.400
<v Speaker 1>You know, it's something where it's like the the journey

0:48:27.520 --> 0:48:31.000
<v Speaker 1>is stressful, the journey is like birth, and there's a

0:48:31.080 --> 0:48:32.719
<v Speaker 1>lot of stuff that can go wrong if you're not

0:48:32.760 --> 0:48:35.480
<v Speaker 1>prepared for it. And uh, yeah, we see this in

0:48:35.520 --> 0:48:38.560
<v Speaker 1>various other spiritual models as well. So yeah, I think

0:48:38.560 --> 0:48:41.120
<v Speaker 1>that you know, for for most of human history, the

0:48:41.760 --> 0:48:45.759
<v Speaker 1>teenage years, a little before, a little after, you know this,

0:48:45.760 --> 0:48:48.120
<v Speaker 1>this was a time in which we were making these

0:48:48.160 --> 0:48:51.359
<v Speaker 1>big jumps out into the world, you know where, and

0:48:51.480 --> 0:48:53.200
<v Speaker 1>even in our own lives, like so much of the

0:48:53.200 --> 0:48:56.239
<v Speaker 1>time teenage years and then in college years if you

0:48:56.280 --> 0:48:59.359
<v Speaker 1>go to college or entering the workplace, etcetera. Like these

0:48:59.360 --> 0:49:01.279
<v Speaker 1>are dream these are periods of time in which we

0:49:01.320 --> 0:49:06.520
<v Speaker 1>have increasing responsibilities for ourself and our own destiny, our

0:49:06.560 --> 0:49:08.640
<v Speaker 1>own fate. However you want to uh, you know, you

0:49:08.680 --> 0:49:11.520
<v Speaker 1>want to package it and uh, you know, so it

0:49:11.640 --> 0:49:14.400
<v Speaker 1>makes sense that we would come back to this period

0:49:14.520 --> 0:49:17.200
<v Speaker 1>time and time again in dream, you know, either the

0:49:17.239 --> 0:49:21.320
<v Speaker 1>reverberation of the anxiety or just the reverberation of the metaphor,

0:49:21.760 --> 0:49:25.160
<v Speaker 1>you know, and uh, it's it's uh, you almost want

0:49:25.200 --> 0:49:27.040
<v Speaker 1>to think of it as this this thing in our

0:49:27.200 --> 0:49:29.640
<v Speaker 1>timeline that is just so potent that it's you know,

0:49:29.680 --> 0:49:32.319
<v Speaker 1>it's like sending waves back into into the past and

0:49:32.480 --> 0:49:34.960
<v Speaker 1>into the future at the same time. Yeah, well, I

0:49:35.000 --> 0:49:37.560
<v Speaker 1>feel like the question is still unanswered. But I think

0:49:37.680 --> 0:49:39.960
<v Speaker 1>the thing that we've talked about today that appeals to

0:49:40.000 --> 0:49:44.000
<v Speaker 1>me the most as an explanation is probably the the

0:49:44.239 --> 0:49:46.360
<v Speaker 1>it's it's tying into what you're saying now, like the

0:49:46.520 --> 0:49:49.960
<v Speaker 1>self identity narrative of the reminiscence bump. I think is

0:49:49.960 --> 0:49:52.640
<v Speaker 1>is a it seems like a very good candidate to

0:49:52.680 --> 0:49:57.000
<v Speaker 1>me that, like if if there is a general context

0:49:57.520 --> 0:50:00.160
<v Speaker 1>for what's happening in your life at a time when

0:50:00.160 --> 0:50:02.840
<v Speaker 1>you're making a lot of memories that are highly relevant

0:50:02.880 --> 0:50:05.799
<v Speaker 1>to what what you think about yourself and who you

0:50:05.880 --> 0:50:09.400
<v Speaker 1>think you are. Then those memories in that context are

0:50:09.440 --> 0:50:12.319
<v Speaker 1>going to be highly salient in in memory and will

0:50:12.360 --> 0:50:15.680
<v Speaker 1>be retrieved effortlessly throughout the rest of your life, even

0:50:15.719 --> 0:50:19.000
<v Speaker 1>maybe necessarily when you don't want them to be. And then,

0:50:19.040 --> 0:50:22.279
<v Speaker 1>of course, as you're saying, like the test, just the

0:50:22.320 --> 0:50:24.920
<v Speaker 1>test is a perfect metaphor in a way, like it

0:50:25.000 --> 0:50:27.440
<v Speaker 1>just does fit with so much else that's going to

0:50:27.520 --> 0:50:32.360
<v Speaker 1>happen throughout our life as a metaphor. Uh because because essentially,

0:50:32.400 --> 0:50:36.200
<v Speaker 1>like every major struggle is in a way a test, right,

0:50:36.280 --> 0:50:39.080
<v Speaker 1>and you know, an important test in high school or college. Uh,

0:50:40.040 --> 0:50:43.040
<v Speaker 1>it's it's it's a perfect example of a paper tiger,

0:50:43.200 --> 0:50:45.880
<v Speaker 1>right because you're not gonna die if you fail that exam.

0:50:46.239 --> 0:50:50.920
<v Speaker 1>But certainly failing important exams and tests can have, you know,

0:50:51.000 --> 0:50:54.120
<v Speaker 1>some some pretty major effects on your life, or at

0:50:54.200 --> 0:50:57.160
<v Speaker 1>least you know they can contribute to major twists and

0:50:57.200 --> 0:51:00.000
<v Speaker 1>turns in your timeline, or at least adults will definitely

0:51:00.200 --> 0:51:03.240
<v Speaker 1>tell you that it contributes. That's because that's the narrative

0:51:03.239 --> 0:51:05.160
<v Speaker 1>you're hit with, like this is an important test, like

0:51:05.200 --> 0:51:07.600
<v Speaker 1>this could this could you know, impact whether you get

0:51:07.640 --> 0:51:09.719
<v Speaker 1>into college or not, or if you have to go

0:51:09.800 --> 0:51:12.320
<v Speaker 1>work at the at the you know, the the shoe

0:51:12.320 --> 0:51:16.399
<v Speaker 1>tongue factory where they just make the tongues for shoes. Uh,

0:51:16.560 --> 0:51:19.400
<v Speaker 1>you know, I mean so you know, a lot of

0:51:19.400 --> 0:51:21.759
<v Speaker 1>it we can blame our parents for. I agree. Oh,

0:51:21.840 --> 0:51:24.120
<v Speaker 1>I didn't mean to blame our parents. I just mean that,

0:51:24.440 --> 0:51:26.799
<v Speaker 1>I mean, I think it is worth this should maybe

0:51:26.840 --> 0:51:30.200
<v Speaker 1>at least tempt us to think differently about what school

0:51:30.239 --> 0:51:33.080
<v Speaker 1>should be. Like I'm not saying, you know, I'm not

0:51:33.160 --> 0:51:36.080
<v Speaker 1>saying I know everything about education or you know, about

0:51:36.080 --> 0:51:39.839
<v Speaker 1>what's best for for high school age kids and what's

0:51:39.840 --> 0:51:42.680
<v Speaker 1>the best way for them to learn. But if high

0:51:42.680 --> 0:51:46.280
<v Speaker 1>school is causing these high school in college are causing

0:51:46.320 --> 0:51:50.080
<v Speaker 1>these horrible, you know memories that that plague people the

0:51:50.120 --> 0:51:52.000
<v Speaker 1>rest of their lives and they wake up in a

0:51:52.080 --> 0:51:55.759
<v Speaker 1>cold sweat thinking about tests, I don't know that that

0:51:55.840 --> 0:51:58.439
<v Speaker 1>could at least maybe be a sign that like there's

0:51:58.480 --> 0:52:02.480
<v Speaker 1>something structurally about the high school experience that could be different. Maybe.

0:52:02.520 --> 0:52:05.680
<v Speaker 1>But then I again, I also just wonder if you're

0:52:05.719 --> 0:52:08.480
<v Speaker 1>gonna have something similar no matter what you're going through

0:52:08.480 --> 0:52:12.120
<v Speaker 1>at that age. Again, I wish we had some great

0:52:12.440 --> 0:52:16.240
<v Speaker 1>data looking at individuals who go directly into military service

0:52:16.440 --> 0:52:20.040
<v Speaker 1>or or you know, directly into the workforce and or

0:52:20.080 --> 0:52:23.680
<v Speaker 1>in those cases you're just going to see different dream

0:52:23.719 --> 0:52:27.799
<v Speaker 1>content stemming from the same life period. But you know,

0:52:27.800 --> 0:52:30.240
<v Speaker 1>who knows, maybe in the future will have more robust

0:52:30.280 --> 0:52:32.600
<v Speaker 1>data to go from on this. All right, Well there

0:52:32.600 --> 0:52:36.120
<v Speaker 1>you have it. Oh, school dreams something that I think

0:52:36.120 --> 0:52:39.200
<v Speaker 1>everybody can relate to. Um, And if you can't relate

0:52:39.239 --> 0:52:41.440
<v Speaker 1>to it, we definitely want to hear from you about that.

0:52:41.760 --> 0:52:44.080
<v Speaker 1>So basically, no matter you know what your experience, you

0:52:44.160 --> 0:52:47.319
<v Speaker 1>probably have something to share here. UM. I'm not one

0:52:47.320 --> 0:52:49.319
<v Speaker 1>of those you know, some people you know will say, like,

0:52:49.400 --> 0:52:51.640
<v Speaker 1>you know, you never want to hear about somebody else's dreams,

0:52:51.640 --> 0:52:55.080
<v Speaker 1>like somebody's else's dreams are always boring. I strongly disagree.

0:52:55.120 --> 0:52:57.720
<v Speaker 1>I always want to hear about other people's dreams because

0:52:57.760 --> 0:53:00.280
<v Speaker 1>even if they are boring, it's telling like you earning

0:53:00.360 --> 0:53:03.680
<v Speaker 1>something about the inner space that defines someone else. Uh.

0:53:03.719 --> 0:53:06.640
<v Speaker 1>And then half the time though it's really weird and

0:53:06.760 --> 0:53:10.120
<v Speaker 1>uh and interesting in its own right. So right into us,

0:53:10.560 --> 0:53:12.520
<v Speaker 1>we'll tell you how to do that. But in the meantime,

0:53:12.800 --> 0:53:15.040
<v Speaker 1>if you want to listen to other episodes of Stuff

0:53:15.040 --> 0:53:16.440
<v Speaker 1>to Blow Your Mind, you'll find the Stuff to Blow

0:53:16.440 --> 0:53:18.839
<v Speaker 1>your Mind dot com. Where else can you find it? Oh,

0:53:18.960 --> 0:53:22.360
<v Speaker 1>like everywhere wherever you get podcasts these days, which seems

0:53:22.400 --> 0:53:28.200
<v Speaker 1>to be like literally everywhere, various programs, various services, objects

0:53:28.239 --> 0:53:32.000
<v Speaker 1>that you find, uh in bathrooms and subway stations. Uh,

0:53:32.200 --> 0:53:35.239
<v Speaker 1>we're probably on that as well. Wherever you get the podcast.

0:53:35.480 --> 0:53:37.319
<v Speaker 1>The best thing you can do to help us is

0:53:37.320 --> 0:53:39.440
<v Speaker 1>to just rate and review us wherever you have the

0:53:39.440 --> 0:53:41.480
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0:53:42.000 --> 0:53:44.319
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0:53:44.360 --> 0:53:46.960
<v Speaker 1>on a weird object in a bathroom, do so, leave

0:53:46.960 --> 0:53:49.279
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0:53:49.320 --> 0:53:52.120
<v Speaker 1>not only this show, but our other show, Invention as well.

0:53:52.160 --> 0:53:56.560
<v Speaker 1>Invention is a weekly exploration of human techno history, one

0:53:56.640 --> 0:53:59.600
<v Speaker 1>invention at a time. Huge thanks as always to our

0:53:59.640 --> 0:54:04.000
<v Speaker 1>excellent audio producers Steth Nicholas Johnson and Maya Cole. If

0:54:04.040 --> 0:54:05.400
<v Speaker 1>you would like to get in touch with us with

0:54:05.480 --> 0:54:08.000
<v Speaker 1>feedback about this episode or any other, to suggest a

0:54:08.040 --> 0:54:10.560
<v Speaker 1>topic for the future, to tell us about your dreams

0:54:10.640 --> 0:54:13.600
<v Speaker 1>or your lack of school dreams, or just to say hi,

0:54:13.680 --> 0:54:16.759
<v Speaker 1>you can email us at contact at stuff to Blow

0:54:16.800 --> 0:54:28.279
<v Speaker 1>your Mind dot com. Stuff to Blow Your Mind is

0:54:28.320 --> 0:54:30.640
<v Speaker 1>a production of iHeart Radios How Stuff Works. For more

0:54:30.680 --> 0:54:33.080
<v Speaker 1>podcasts from my heart Radio, visit the i heart Radio app,

0:54:33.239 --> 0:54:45.120
<v Speaker 1>Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.