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Speaker 1: M Hey everybody, it's me Josh, and for this week's

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Speaker 1: s Y s K Select, I've chosen Shrunken Heads, one

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Speaker 1: of the all time great Stuff you Should Know episodes.

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Speaker 1: It originally ran in June of two thousand eleven. And

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Speaker 1: although it will teach you step by step how to

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Speaker 1: shrink a human head, you should not try this at home.

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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from house Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh

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Speaker 1: Clark with me as always as Charles W. Chuck Bryant,

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Speaker 1: and that makes this stuff you should Know the podcast indeed,

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Speaker 1: not the radio show though, no no, no, this not yet.

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Speaker 1: It probably will be eventually this one. Yeah, I bet

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Speaker 1: you they'll speed this one through. Man. You know it's crazy,

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Speaker 1: is we could say right now, hello w FM you listeners,

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Speaker 1: so that when this is read purposed into our radio

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Speaker 1: show on WFMU, it'll blow their minds. What you're speaking

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Speaker 1: of is we're on WFMU in New York. If you

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Speaker 1: live in the New York, New Jersey area, not on

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Speaker 1: one point one, you can hear us Fridays from seven

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Speaker 1: to eight pm. Now that's not at all what I

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Speaker 1: was speaking of or Hudson Valley at ninety point one.

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Speaker 1: You got you got the call signs all over the place,

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Speaker 1: don't you two stations from tattooed on your your tristep

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Speaker 1: I might do that. Yeah, they're gonna rush this one through.

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Speaker 1: They're gonna see I'm not even gonna say the topic,

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Speaker 1: even though people already know because they clicked on it.

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Speaker 1: But they're gonna see that and go, who we need

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Speaker 1: to get this on the air. Um, chuck. You remember

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Speaker 1: we also did one on cannibalism before. Yeah, and this

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Speaker 1: is related well in the I relate to two in

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Speaker 1: the introduction of this article on trunking heads. Right, So, um,

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Speaker 1: there's you know, those two things really probably are equated

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Speaker 1: with pre civilized barbarism savagery, um, more than any thing else. Right, agreed,

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Speaker 1: And this is just as gruesome, we should point out.

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Speaker 1: That's our little warning. But um, with cannibalism, there's a

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Speaker 1: lot of dispute over exactly how and when it was practiced.

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Speaker 1: Like we do know there is evidence that people have

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Speaker 1: eaten other people in the past, but there we're starting

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Speaker 1: to think that it was never in any kind of

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Speaker 1: ritual form where basically it was like we're enduring some

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Speaker 1: horrible climate change in famine, and so we're going to

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Speaker 1: figure out how to justify this through like warring with

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Speaker 1: neighbors and then feeding ourselves with their dead bodies for nutrition.

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Speaker 1: But the jury still out as to whether or not

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Speaker 1: cannibalism was ever practiced in any real you know, mass

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Speaker 1: formed by any culture. That's not the case with head shrinking.

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Speaker 1: Head shrinking is this weird little um cultural trait. I

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Speaker 1: guess that um is specific to one culture as far

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Speaker 1: as we know. And we know that culture because we

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Speaker 1: could go down to Ecuador right now and meet some

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Speaker 1: of them. Yeah, the Shore culture. Yeah, I got a

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Speaker 1: few tribes that did it, but they're they're the main daddies,

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Speaker 1: So a few. What you're talking about is there's evidence

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Speaker 1: that other tribes did practice it in pre or para

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Speaker 1: Colombian contact. Yeah, the and the evidence is like there's

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Speaker 1: it's shown in tapestries um or that tribes art or something.

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Speaker 1: There's only one tribe that's documented as having done it,

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Speaker 1: and that's the Shore and only one that you know

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Speaker 1: did it really really well. Yeah, they're pretty good at it.

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Speaker 1: And if you if you're going if you're going to

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Speaker 1: look up Shore and you run across Javarro shoe are

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Speaker 1: it's the same people as sho are members of the

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Speaker 1: Javarro language group. Yeah, and that's apparently that's a kind

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Speaker 1: of a slam that the word you are. It's like

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Speaker 1: a corruption of that what shu are those people? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it was I think it meant like uncivilized or something

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Speaker 1: and like like Eskimo, yeah maybe or eaters remember yeah yeah, uh.

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Speaker 1: And the Nazis may have done it too, may have

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Speaker 1: named the shore, may have shrunken heads. Oh really Yeah,

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Speaker 1: they found some at bucking Wald and even presented that

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Speaker 1: at the Nuremberg trials as like, hey, look what these

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Speaker 1: guys did. They did all sorts of mess up stuff.

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Speaker 1: There's a bar of soap in Canada that's supposedly made

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Speaker 1: from um, the fat of concentration camp victims. I should

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Speaker 1: say it's alleged, though they never pinpointed and said the

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Speaker 1: shrunken head came from Jews from bucking Wald. But you know, well,

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Speaker 1: that's what I'm saying, Like, there's very few incredibly strange,

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Speaker 1: exotic things that IT culture has done that we can say, yes, definitively,

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Speaker 1: these people did do this. There's no it hasn't been

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Speaker 1: blown up by Hollywood or anything like that. This is

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Speaker 1: legitimate and shrunken heads are are that kind of thing.

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Speaker 1: And the reason why the shoe Are We're able to

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Speaker 1: shrink heads and get really good at it over the

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Speaker 1: years was because even after contact with Europeans like the

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Speaker 1: Spanish coming into South America, um, the shoe Are we're

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Speaker 1: one of the very few groups that managed to repel

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Speaker 1: any kind of Spanish colonialism. Like they lived under Spanish

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Speaker 1: rule for I think like thirty or thirty three years

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Speaker 1: and then frankly said, we're tired of being taxed for

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Speaker 1: our gold, so we're just gonna kill a lot of you. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it worked. Yeah, there was a revolt, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: they killed like twenty five thousand people. And then uh, Spain,

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Speaker 1: was it just Spain, I guess said we're just gonna

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Speaker 1: get out of here. Yeah, you guys are good exactly.

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Speaker 1: And that's really saying something considering the amount of gold

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Speaker 1: or that the shoe Rs like land sad On, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and you know that Spaniards loved their gold. So so

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Speaker 1: the Spaniards were like, Okay, we know you're in there,

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Speaker 1: and we're gonna leave you alone. And you go do

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Speaker 1: whatever you want to do, and the Shoe are just

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Speaker 1: continued to practice some head hunting and head shrinking. Head

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Speaker 1: hunting practiced all over the world, right yeah, head shrinking

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Speaker 1: shoe are only as far as the meetings with the Spaniards.

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Speaker 1: They probably at virtually no no, And then they were like,

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Speaker 1: it's not that much gold, really, I mean you can

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Speaker 1: get gold elsewhere exactly. Yeah, well we'll we'll hold the

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Speaker 1: Inca's hostage. I'm reading again right now. Really, it's a

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Speaker 1: great book. I was hoping to read that before you

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Speaker 1: read it again. Sorry, I never picked it up though.

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Speaker 1: That's the first step. I even went and bought a

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Speaker 1: book like special for this book. Oh yeah, one of

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Speaker 1: those little clip on deals, champ So Chuck, why would

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Speaker 1: anybody shrink ahead? I mean obviously they're just big dumb

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Speaker 1: savages who like to shrink heads, right, I mean, there

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Speaker 1: can't be there can't possibly be any explanation behind that.

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Speaker 1: Not true, Josh, because as you point out, because you

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Speaker 1: wrote this awesome article, Uh so you know the answer.

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Speaker 1: But that's just our stick I was acting. Uh, they

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Speaker 1: are firmly rooted in um and and magic and spiritualism

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Speaker 1: in war and from an early age, little boys are

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Speaker 1: taught like retrobue shan, violent retribution is a really good thing,

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Speaker 1: and it's a part of our culture. Yeah. And if

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Speaker 1: you don't carry out violent retribution properly, your dead uncle

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Speaker 1: or your dead grandfather or whatever, your dead ancestors going

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Speaker 1: to come back and bring, you know, horrible pestilence and

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Speaker 1: famine on you. You're You're in trouble. So they do

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Speaker 1: do it for a reason. They do it to uh,

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Speaker 1: I guess ward off those spirits, right, or to or

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Speaker 1: to finalize the whole thing. Yeah, well, so it's part

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Speaker 1: of this larger process. There is part of this bigger belief,

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Speaker 1: which is if you die, if we're related and you

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Speaker 1: die of some unseen like disease. Right, let's say you

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Speaker 1: die of cancer, it's not cancer, it's somebody else in

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Speaker 1: another household, another shoe, our household bewitched you and using

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Speaker 1: magic kills you remotely. So since there's no priestly class

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Speaker 1: amongst shoe are culture, like any anybody can consult with

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Speaker 1: the spirits under the right circumstances. The right circumstances being

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Speaker 1: you take hallucinogenic drugs. I would take a hallucinogenic drug,

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Speaker 1: probably the tema, right, Yeah, it's from a jungle vine evidently, Yes,

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Speaker 1: a jungle vine that gets you lit. Yeah, And I

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Speaker 1: just this I want to point out. I love that

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Speaker 1: from a jungle vine, like hallucinogenic mushrooms. It's like you

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Speaker 1: name it. Some human has found a way to get

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Speaker 1: every bit out of every single thing on the earth

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Speaker 1: if it can mess you up. Don't forget toads to

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Speaker 1: toads yet, looking toads, we don't recommend that though, by

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Speaker 1: the way, although I was listening to an old, old,

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Speaker 1: old episode and you talked about your hallucinogenic toad collection

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Speaker 1: in college, just like to collect toads because it was funny,

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Speaker 1: remember that. So, um, I I suspect that you died

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Speaker 1: because you were bewitched. And now I've taken the tema

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Speaker 1: and I'm on a vision quest and I'm consulting with

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Speaker 1: your spirit maybe some other spirits to find out who

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Speaker 1: killed you. And I'm gonna come down and be like, oh,

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Speaker 1: it was George down the river, right, So now I

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Speaker 1: have a blood vendetta against George or hey, thank you,

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Speaker 1: and um, I'm going to assemble other households in the

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Speaker 1: area into a confederation to go take your head George,

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Speaker 1: to make it right. Hey, yeah, because if I don't,

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Speaker 1: then you my dead relative are are going to haunt

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Speaker 1: me and bad things are going to happen. And plus

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Speaker 1: it's just a matter of like that's what our culture

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Speaker 1: calls for. And you said, they'll even tell the other

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Speaker 1: tribe sometimes like we're coming for you. Yeah, they'll they'll

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Speaker 1: learn the other householder plans because this isn't like a

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Speaker 1: quick thing. It's very well planned, um, and there's a

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Speaker 1: lot of people involved, and it's very violent and bloody

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Speaker 1: when it finally does happen. But yeah, they'll say we're

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Speaker 1: coming after you. You're in big, big trouble, and there

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Speaker 1: may be retribution, but more likely than not, it's going

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Speaker 1: to be like, well, you probably shouldn't have killed his uncle,

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Speaker 1: Oh really, because that was gonna be My question, isn't

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Speaker 1: this just an endless loop of head shrinking and cut

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Speaker 1: or cutting the shrinking. Well, it is like it's supported

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Speaker 1: by death, but it's generally non violent death that they

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Speaker 1: associate with magic or bewitchment, which really requires this specific

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Speaker 1: type of retribution. Okay, okay, gotcha, So revenge will take place.

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Speaker 1: I see. You also pointed out that maybe the whole

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Speaker 1: household is slaughtered, maybe they'll take the women as wives,

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Speaker 1: and we're not really sure, like, uh, they used to

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Speaker 1: take the wives. Uh. Further back is at the deal,

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Speaker 1: Well that some old account said that these guys are polygamous,

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Speaker 1: which they are. You are are polygamous. Um, so if

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Speaker 1: they do carry out one of these raids, they're going

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Speaker 1: to take the women as their wives. But then a

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Speaker 1: more recent one from I think the seventies or eighties

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Speaker 1: or something later in the twentieth century said, no, they

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Speaker 1: kill everybody they find in this household. They just don't

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Speaker 1: take little kids heads. But they'll kill a little kids. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but they don't take the head. I like that even

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Speaker 1: they had, hey, a line they would draw. Not much

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Speaker 1: shrinking to be done. They like to sh really shrink.

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Speaker 1: I wonder if that has something to do with it.

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Speaker 1: But a little never mind, I'm not gonna go there.

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Speaker 1: So check there's a specific way that that all this

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Speaker 1: is gonna go down, right, very specific, because you are

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Speaker 1: don't live near one another. They live over a pretty

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Speaker 1: substantial area of the Amazon basin. Yeah, there's no high

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Speaker 1: rise full of shoa right, So um, it will take

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Speaker 1: days to get to this place, and when they finally

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Speaker 1: get there, they basically alert their target that they're here

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Speaker 1: by If they have guns, they'll shoot into the air,

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Speaker 1: they'll shoot at the house or whatever. Basically they're like,

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Speaker 1: come on out, punk, we're looking for Jorge. Yeah, because

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Speaker 1: he killed my uncle. I imagine two. I'm making this up,

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Speaker 1: but it seems like if they sent out Jorge, they

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Speaker 1: might just be like, Okay, we'll just take Jorge. Um.

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Speaker 1: That could be the case. Or do they just exact

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Speaker 1: revenge over the whole family no matter what? You know?

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Speaker 1: I would imagine that that probably depends on the person, Okay,

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Speaker 1: on the amount of rage and in mourning and grieving,

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Speaker 1: you know, in drugs that they're taking, right yeah, so

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Speaker 1: um there. So, even if they do have guns, you

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Speaker 1: use a spear if you're going to take someone's head

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Speaker 1: to shrink it and turn it into we haven't even

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Speaker 1: said yet. Um what's called it? Tansa or sansa? Yeah? Right,

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Speaker 1: t s A and t s a yes. Um. You

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Speaker 1: kill them with the spear by driving the spear through

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Speaker 1: their neck their throat. That's that, and then you start

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Speaker 1: this process of shrinking their head by cutting their head off,

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Speaker 1: and you even do that in a specific way to right, Um,

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Speaker 1: you cut chuck into a V. Right, you do between

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Speaker 1: the clavicles above the clavicles in a V shape between

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Speaker 1: resulting in the point of the V. I guess between

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Speaker 1: the nipples. Yeah, so there's like a pointed flap hanging

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Speaker 1: down from the neck like a skin ascot. Right, we

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Speaker 1: should probably say that this is where it starts to

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Speaker 1: get graphic in this podcast, because we're going to describe.

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Speaker 1: You will know how to shrink a head after we're done.

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Speaker 1: We're always like any seconds late with us. Also, if

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Speaker 1: you shrink ahead because of this, we no longer consider

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Speaker 1: you a member of the stuff. You should know nation

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Speaker 1: you've gone off the deep end. You're a murderer and

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Speaker 1: you should be punished severely for your crime. Okay, is

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Speaker 1: that a good disclaimer? Yeah? I hope we didn't have

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Speaker 1: to say that. But there may be one sick oh

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Speaker 1: out there. You never know. So, like you said, you

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Speaker 1: cut it into V shape and then you set a

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Speaker 1: hair band potentially or a vine like a scrunchy Yeah okay, yeah,

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Speaker 1: because they often the men often wear their hair long

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Speaker 1: and they'll have it back in a ponytail, and once

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Speaker 1: you have stabbed somebody cut their head off in this

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Speaker 1: methodical way, you need to get out of there because

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Speaker 1: there may be reinforcements coming. So you loop it through

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Speaker 1: the throat and then out the mouth tied off, and

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Speaker 1: you've got a little pocketbook yep, and you tie it

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Speaker 1: around your waist or throw it over your shoulder, and

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Speaker 1: you get the heck out of there, exactly because you

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Speaker 1: know that this is um there your you will be

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Speaker 1: killed if you're found right, Yeah, I would imagine they

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Speaker 1: don't like get when you killed neighbors or whatever. But

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Speaker 1: um also, you need to get out of there because

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Speaker 1: you you've just probably discarded your weapons. Once you use

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Speaker 1: um a weapon to kill somebody in this ritual manner,

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Speaker 1: it's spoiled. Like everything from this first from the beginning

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Speaker 1: stages of this raid all the way to the end

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Speaker 1: of it. The stuff that you're using is spoiled and

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Speaker 1: has to just be left behind. So you're probably running

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Speaker 1: to get out of there and your your weaponless. And

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Speaker 1: I would agree with that that tactic anyway. I mean

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Speaker 1: lightens the load well now and like we say later,

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Speaker 1: there's like a clay pot and other things you use

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Speaker 1: like that is spoiled, you know, because it has a

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Speaker 1: head on it. Yeah, it's just dirty, Like get it

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Speaker 1: out of there on you don't want to cook in it.

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Speaker 1: Now we're getting to that though, So um wow, this

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Speaker 1: is a really methodical one, isn't it? Like step by

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Speaker 1: step as is shrinking heads. And you know what's funny is,

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Speaker 1: as I was reading this the whole time, I was like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's how I drink ahead, Like it all makes total

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Speaker 1: perfect sense. And they've been doing it for centuries, not millennia,

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Speaker 1: so they really do have it down to step by step. Now.

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Speaker 1: Obviously it's easier for us to see it as step

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Speaker 1: by step as outsiders. Sure there's tons of significance with

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Speaker 1: every single step and you know, a lot of symbology,

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Speaker 1: but for the most part, it is a very methodical

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Speaker 1: way of you know, taking and shrinking ahead that this

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Speaker 1: year are practiced. That's right. So we left off with

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Speaker 1: getting the heck out of Dodge, and that is when

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Speaker 1: the process begins, because like you said, they live far

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Speaker 1: apart from each other, so they can't just wait till

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Speaker 1: they get back. It might be three days later and

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Speaker 1: you're gonna have a rotten head. So they started immediately

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Speaker 1: with an elder tribesman who's probably not doing the fighting,

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Speaker 1: but he he heads up the process. What's what we

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Speaker 1: are they called he is called the kuraca. They started

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Speaker 1: on the waiting word for him. Well, he's probably the

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Speaker 1: one who he's the head of the household or he's

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Speaker 1: like them in this confederation of households that was assembled.

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Speaker 1: He's probably like the most respected or war worn warrior

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Speaker 1: shrunk ahead or two in another word. Yeah, he knows

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Speaker 1: what he's doing, and he's probably the one who took

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Speaker 1: the nattema and had the vision quest and got the answer.

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Speaker 1: But basically he is the party planner for this whole thing,

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Speaker 1: and he's the one imbued with the most um spiritual

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Speaker 1: significance throughout. So he's the one who's going to shrink

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Speaker 1: the head. But he doesn't. He he didn't necessarily go

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Speaker 1: on this raid. And if he didn't, then he met

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Speaker 1: this raiding party at a predesignated camp, one of many

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Speaker 1: along the way back home from the place where they

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Speaker 1: just killed the people at home. So he says Jorges

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Speaker 1: the man, go get him to a checkpoint, a exactly

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Speaker 1: camp fun and now they're meeting there. Okay, so that's

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Speaker 1: where we are. It is very methodical, uh, and it's important,

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Speaker 1: he said, to be attended to these steps because if

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Speaker 1: you do it wrong, it doesn't count. Right. Well, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're not. You're part of this is paying homage to

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Speaker 1: your dead ancestor or or appeasing your dead ancestor. And

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Speaker 1: if you if you don't do it right, then your

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Speaker 1: dead ancestor is not a peas and you're in trouble.

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Speaker 1: It doesn't count. And part of that is um, like

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Speaker 1: if the sirocca the karaka right, um. When he starts

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Speaker 1: this process, he'll say, there's like incantations, and it's not

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Speaker 1: just him, it's like everybody in the rating party is

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Speaker 1: very much paying attention to this and being a part

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Speaker 1: of it. So he'll be like, I'm, you know, pulling

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Speaker 1: the the throat from the neck, and the other people

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Speaker 1: say he's pulling the throat from the neck. And it

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Speaker 1: goes down like that pretty much every step of the way.

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Speaker 1: There's nothing funny about that. It's the way you said it.

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Speaker 1: I think we also need to point out that the

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Speaker 1: warrior guys also have to do certain things like, um,

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Speaker 1: not eat certain food substained from sex. Um, don't. They

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Speaker 1: don't hunt alone. And this is this is during the

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Speaker 1: whole like year long process. Uh no, this is during

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Speaker 1: the drinking process, all right, because the spirit is held

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Speaker 1: at bay. Yeah and you said it. I mean this

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Speaker 1: is a yearlong process. Um. It doesn't take a year

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Speaker 1: to shrink Ahead, but Ahead holds this man entical significance

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Speaker 1: for a year. And there's certain prescribed celebrations that have

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Speaker 1: to take place to fulfill this obligation to the dead ancestor.

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Speaker 1: It's a big deal. Yeah. Yeah, you don't just shrink

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Speaker 1: heads willy nilly at least and um, chuck, I don't

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Speaker 1: know if we should say here or not. But the

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Speaker 1: head has three significances, right Yeah. First, it's physical proof

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Speaker 1: to the dead ancestor that you're carrying out this revenge

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Speaker 1: on his or her behalf. Yeah, so a trophy in

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Speaker 1: a way, but not like Europeans thought of it, right. Um. Secondly,

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Speaker 1: it has a spiritual significance where you are. It is

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Speaker 1: the vessel in which the spirit of the person who's

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Speaker 1: been killed, whose head it was, is trapped, so you're

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Speaker 1: commanding that person now and then um. Thirdly, it increases

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Speaker 1: the social status of the of the warrior who who's

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Speaker 1: wearing it, because you wear that thing for like a

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Speaker 1: year around your neck exactly. So let's tell him how

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Speaker 1: it's done. Let's step one. Well, first, if you want

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Speaker 1: to shrink ahead, Josh, you have to skin ahead because

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Speaker 1: you can't shrink a skull. Everyone knows that. So you

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Speaker 1: need to get the Basically, what you want to do

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Speaker 1: is cre at a halloween mask where there once was

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Speaker 1: a full head. So you uh cut some flaps that

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Speaker 1: that around the base of the skull that and I

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Speaker 1: guess sort of like when you're taking chicken skin off,

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Speaker 1: you can or if you're like uh spicing chicken under

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Speaker 1: the skin, sometimes you'll cut a sliver and then you'll

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Speaker 1: stick your fingers in there. So you're you're loosening little

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Speaker 1: by little the skin from the skull, cutting the tendons

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Speaker 1: and cutting everything the muscles that hold it all together. Right,

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Speaker 1: But you want to cut close to the skull because

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Speaker 1: one of the aims of this is to keep the

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Speaker 1: facial characteristics of the person so that he would be

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Speaker 1: recognizable to his family except smaller. Yeah, So you're you're

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Speaker 1: working all that through, you're separating it from the skull.

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Speaker 1: You remove the eyes. You discard the eyes, you discard

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Speaker 1: the cartilage. You just guard the skull with the brain

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Speaker 1: inside of it, evidently, and uh, what else do you

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Speaker 1: cut away the cartilage that holds the nose and the

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Speaker 1: ears intact. So so, like you said, just like a mask,

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Speaker 1: it's just what you have is the scalp in the

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Speaker 1: face and the neck, all that skin still connected, and

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Speaker 1: the hair right and the holes where the eyes were

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Speaker 1: and those flap in the mouth, and all that stuff

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Speaker 1: is there. It's just there's no bone or connective tissue,

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Speaker 1: or there is connected tissue and fat still, there's just

375
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Speaker 1: no bone any longer. So this is the most gruesome

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Speaker 1: mask that you could ever envision in your life, because

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Speaker 1: it's real. I wonder if you have ever put it on.

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00:21:27,520 --> 00:21:30,359
Speaker 1: I don't know, Hey, look at me, like, yeah, it

379
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Speaker 1: have to be uh, karaco with a small head and

380
00:21:33,520 --> 00:21:36,119
Speaker 1: a victim with a really big head. But yeah maybe. So,

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00:21:36,720 --> 00:21:39,800
Speaker 1: although this is so specific, there's no way because that

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Speaker 1: would mean that the revenge will come up on your head,

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00:21:43,160 --> 00:21:47,040
Speaker 1: all right. So that's that's the skinning. So now we

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00:21:47,119 --> 00:21:52,680
Speaker 1: get to the shrinking. Yes, now you have that rubbery mask,

385
00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:56,879
Speaker 1: it's made out of real skin because it's a real person, um,

386
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Speaker 1: and do you you have to boil it down first?

387
00:22:02,160 --> 00:22:04,680
Speaker 1: It's that you you mentioned a clay pot. They make

388
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Speaker 1: a ceramic pot that is just big enough to hold

389
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Speaker 1: a head, and they make it just for that person's head.

390
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Speaker 1: Because it's never been used before and it will never

391
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Speaker 1: be used again. They'll break it and leave it in

392
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Speaker 1: the river ahead. At this point, a skin bag, the

393
00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:25,679
Speaker 1: face bag, head, skin the skull bag. Okay, this is

394
00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:29,560
Speaker 1: going off the rails, so um, the the the Kuraco

395
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Speaker 1: dips it three times into this heated water. This heated

396
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Speaker 1: over a camp fire. And this is like one of

397
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Speaker 1: those situations where he says like, I'm dipping the head,

398
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Speaker 1: and then the warriors will be like he's dipping the head,

399
00:22:41,119 --> 00:22:43,720
Speaker 1: you know. And then I think on the third time,

400
00:22:43,960 --> 00:22:47,919
Speaker 1: he leaves it in there for um, thirty minutes, no

401
00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:50,719
Speaker 1: more than thirty minutes. And I've seen several sources site this,

402
00:22:51,240 --> 00:22:53,000
Speaker 1: but no more than thirty minutes because after that the

403
00:22:53,040 --> 00:22:56,800
Speaker 1: hair starts to come out. But this, the skin bag,

404
00:22:57,200 --> 00:23:01,280
Speaker 1: skull bag um basically simmers at a like a light

405
00:23:01,320 --> 00:23:03,840
Speaker 1: boil for thirty minutes. Yeah, and remember vinneg or not

406
00:23:03,880 --> 00:23:08,760
Speaker 1: olive oil. Sorry, because the olive oil floats at the top. Yeah,

407
00:23:08,800 --> 00:23:10,520
Speaker 1: and imagine there was trial and air in this too,

408
00:23:10,560 --> 00:23:13,080
Speaker 1: because they probably boil it too long. The hair came out,

409
00:23:13,119 --> 00:23:14,920
Speaker 1: and they're like, no, we like it with the hair. Yeah,

410
00:23:15,040 --> 00:23:18,600
Speaker 1: so let's let's work on this. Yes, so they figured

411
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Speaker 1: out in thirty minutes you can't really go beyond that

412
00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:23,200
Speaker 1: or else you lose a lot of hair. So then

413
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Speaker 1: after that you take it out, and this thing is

414
00:23:25,640 --> 00:23:28,560
Speaker 1: already shrunk by about a quarter now or a third

415
00:23:28,680 --> 00:23:32,000
Speaker 1: third um, and you leave it to dry. You dangle

416
00:23:32,040 --> 00:23:34,560
Speaker 1: it from like a spear and just let it dry

417
00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:37,639
Speaker 1: for a while. Break the pot. Yep, they want to

418
00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:42,320
Speaker 1: see a pot spoiled. And then once this is dry,

419
00:23:42,720 --> 00:23:46,040
Speaker 1: now you're entering the real curing process. The head is

420
00:23:46,040 --> 00:23:50,239
Speaker 1: already noticeably smaller, unsettlingly smaller, but it's gonna get a

421
00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:52,439
Speaker 1: lot smaller, like you said, the size of a fist

422
00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:55,920
Speaker 1: through this dry heat curing process. Yeah. And like I said,

423
00:23:55,960 --> 00:23:58,040
Speaker 1: this all makes total sense. This is how I would

424
00:23:58,040 --> 00:24:02,760
Speaker 1: have done it had I been as sura. So we

425
00:24:02,800 --> 00:24:05,800
Speaker 1: should probably also say that um, when it was boiled,

426
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,000
Speaker 1: pigs were likely inserted to keep the mouth closed, right,

427
00:24:09,960 --> 00:24:12,280
Speaker 1: and those pigs may be left in or they may

428
00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:14,280
Speaker 1: be removed, but either way, the mouth is going to

429
00:24:14,320 --> 00:24:17,800
Speaker 1: be sown shut after it's dried to to begin this

430
00:24:17,880 --> 00:24:21,320
Speaker 1: dry hearing process. In between the boiling and the dry hearing,

431
00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:24,400
Speaker 1: they're going to start to sow the orifices shut, right, yeah,

432
00:24:24,440 --> 00:24:27,520
Speaker 1: Because what you want to end up with is something

433
00:24:27,680 --> 00:24:30,680
Speaker 1: that you can turn upside down like a sack and

434
00:24:30,800 --> 00:24:36,400
Speaker 1: put hot rocks, um, then hot pebbles, and then eventually

435
00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:39,240
Speaker 1: hot sand in there, and a step by step process

436
00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:41,640
Speaker 1: to dry it from the inside out. And they roll

437
00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:43,399
Speaker 1: it around in there because you don't want it to

438
00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:46,080
Speaker 1: sit there and just burn through a cheek. Yeah, it

439
00:24:46,080 --> 00:24:48,080
Speaker 1: would burn through a cheek exactly, So they move it around,

440
00:24:48,119 --> 00:24:49,720
Speaker 1: they work it around, it dries a little by little

441
00:24:49,760 --> 00:24:52,600
Speaker 1: until you get to the sand, and at that point

442
00:24:53,240 --> 00:24:57,280
Speaker 1: it I'm sorry. They use a blade to press against

443
00:24:57,280 --> 00:25:01,240
Speaker 1: the lips, and then here's the lips. They use hot

444
00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:03,200
Speaker 1: rocks in the outside to press it against and rub

445
00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:06,840
Speaker 1: it against like an iron, like you're ironing a an Oxford, right,

446
00:25:06,920 --> 00:25:10,920
Speaker 1: because you're as a shrinking. If you don't shrink it evenly,

447
00:25:11,080 --> 00:25:13,560
Speaker 1: the face is going to get distorted. I mean, think

448
00:25:13,560 --> 00:25:16,560
Speaker 1: about this like you're shrinking it down almost like to

449
00:25:16,800 --> 00:25:22,360
Speaker 1: you know, like the point of linear perspective, the vanishing point, right,

450
00:25:22,359 --> 00:25:24,960
Speaker 1: So imagine that's in the center of this head. You're

451
00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:29,359
Speaker 1: you're trying to shrink it all down evenly to that point, right. Um,

452
00:25:29,400 --> 00:25:32,680
Speaker 1: And that's got to be incredibly difficult because you're doing

453
00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:35,000
Speaker 1: it with hot rocks and hot pebbles and hot sand,

454
00:25:35,240 --> 00:25:37,440
Speaker 1: and you boiled the skin, you know, I mean, like,

455
00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:40,320
Speaker 1: so to to bring it down, you have to um

456
00:25:40,840 --> 00:25:43,080
Speaker 1: smooth it out once in a while by basically using

457
00:25:43,080 --> 00:25:45,680
Speaker 1: a hot flat rock as an iron, a clothes iron

458
00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:48,560
Speaker 1: to smooth out the wrinkles. Let me ask you how

459
00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:53,760
Speaker 1: you get it down so small? Remember, hey, there goes Elvis. Yeah,

460
00:25:53,840 --> 00:25:56,560
Speaker 1: there was. You just reminded me of that. Like the

461
00:25:56,640 --> 00:26:03,240
Speaker 1: intro of this had five different variations of that scene,

462
00:26:03,560 --> 00:26:06,760
Speaker 1: description of that scene, and I couldn't figure out why

463
00:26:06,840 --> 00:26:09,160
Speaker 1: I couldn't make it work. And then I finally realized, oh,

464
00:26:09,240 --> 00:26:12,920
Speaker 1: this is a lot more serious than the beetles. Don't. Yeah,

465
00:26:12,920 --> 00:26:16,360
Speaker 1: the beetle juice reference isn't isn't allowed in this one.

466
00:26:16,520 --> 00:26:18,480
Speaker 1: I think it's allowed in the podcast. Sure, well, yeah,

467
00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:21,159
Speaker 1: the podcast totally different. That was because that was a

468
00:26:21,160 --> 00:26:25,040
Speaker 1: great part. That's how he switches numbers with the tribesman. Yeah,

469
00:26:25,119 --> 00:26:26,879
Speaker 1: he's in the waiting room. He has like nine millions

470
00:26:26,920 --> 00:26:29,280
Speaker 1: something and then he goes, hey, there goes Elvis and

471
00:26:29,320 --> 00:26:33,720
Speaker 1: he switches number four. Good stuff. Do you know the numbers? Huh? Well,

472
00:26:33,760 --> 00:26:36,840
Speaker 1: I mean, yeah, that's pretty impressive. Thank you. It's a

473
00:26:36,840 --> 00:26:39,600
Speaker 1: great movie. He did much. Oh and um, so that

474
00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:41,760
Speaker 1: guy didn't look anything like a shoe Are. And I

475
00:26:41,760 --> 00:26:43,600
Speaker 1: think he used like some sort of magical dust to

476
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:48,399
Speaker 1: shrink beetle juice. It was totally off. But um, the

477
00:26:48,680 --> 00:26:52,240
Speaker 1: I think another appearance of sho Are in the movies

478
00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:57,240
Speaker 1: is um, the Raiders of the Lost Ark with the

479
00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:59,480
Speaker 1: gold skull in the beginning re member the guys who

480
00:26:59,520 --> 00:27:02,359
Speaker 1: all have the bows and arrows. From what I've seen

481
00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:04,840
Speaker 1: of what she Are looked like. Those are Those were

482
00:27:04,960 --> 00:27:09,919
Speaker 1: very closely modeled after she Are tribes people. Interesting. Yeah,

483
00:27:10,119 --> 00:27:13,080
Speaker 1: all right, okay, so Chuck, where we last left off

484
00:27:13,160 --> 00:27:16,760
Speaker 1: poor Jorge's head. Um, he had hot rocks and hot

485
00:27:16,800 --> 00:27:19,359
Speaker 1: pebbles and hot sand being rolled around in His eyes

486
00:27:19,359 --> 00:27:21,440
Speaker 1: have been so shut. His mouth had been so and

487
00:27:21,480 --> 00:27:23,760
Speaker 1: shut is the flap had been so shut. So it

488
00:27:23,840 --> 00:27:26,560
Speaker 1: was just a pouch too. I guess somebody pressed a

489
00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:31,320
Speaker 1: hot machete to his lips, probably the karaka. Um And

490
00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:33,800
Speaker 1: and no, I didn't see anything about the ears being

491
00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:37,119
Speaker 1: so and shut, but I surely they have to be.

492
00:27:37,160 --> 00:27:39,000
Speaker 1: But I didn't see it anywhere in any of this

493
00:27:39,240 --> 00:27:42,479
Speaker 1: in the sources. I think that's implicit. But um, so

494
00:27:42,560 --> 00:27:45,200
Speaker 1: now you have this thing, it's getting more and more shrunk,

495
00:27:45,760 --> 00:27:48,879
Speaker 1: and um, it's probably about as shrunk as it's going

496
00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:50,800
Speaker 1: to get from the hot pebbles or whatever. So you

497
00:27:50,880 --> 00:27:54,600
Speaker 1: hang it over a fire. That's the final drying stage, right,

498
00:27:55,320 --> 00:27:58,840
Speaker 1: and then you take some camp fire charcoal ash rub

499
00:27:58,880 --> 00:28:00,840
Speaker 1: it on the scan, which gives it the distinctive like

500
00:28:00,960 --> 00:28:03,600
Speaker 1: darkened look. That and the fact that it's been shrunk

501
00:28:03,640 --> 00:28:07,840
Speaker 1: down by dry heat, and um, you have yourself as

502
00:28:07,840 --> 00:28:10,480
Speaker 1: Santa at That takes a few days, right, the final

503
00:28:10,920 --> 00:28:14,840
Speaker 1: fire drying process. Yeah, okay, all right, done, and that's it.

504
00:28:14,960 --> 00:28:18,080
Speaker 1: And um, we should also note that the hair doesn't

505
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:21,000
Speaker 1: shrink at all, so if you you might not think

506
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:22,920
Speaker 1: about it when you're looking at it, But any shrunken

507
00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:24,680
Speaker 1: hen you've ever seen as a tiny head with very

508
00:28:24,680 --> 00:28:29,160
Speaker 1: long hair, like guy I didn't necessarily have long hair Um,

509
00:28:29,320 --> 00:28:31,080
Speaker 1: his head just shrunk a lot. He might have had

510
00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:33,520
Speaker 1: a flat top two about the size of a man's fist,

511
00:28:33,560 --> 00:28:36,920
Speaker 1: about a quarter of the size of a regular human head. Yeah,

512
00:28:37,359 --> 00:28:40,360
Speaker 1: it's gruesome, but I mean, as is our way with

513
00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:43,280
Speaker 1: don't judge other cultures. Who am I as Chuck in

514
00:28:43,360 --> 00:28:47,000
Speaker 1: Atlanta to judge these people in South America has been

515
00:28:47,040 --> 00:28:52,000
Speaker 1: doing this for millennia. It's kind of neat. Yes, is

516
00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:56,080
Speaker 1: that wrong to say? Okay, it is. It's interesting, it is,

517
00:28:56,440 --> 00:29:01,000
Speaker 1: and we're our interest in this is probably more refined

518
00:29:01,080 --> 00:29:04,840
Speaker 1: and less like oh than like our fellow Americans from

519
00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:07,240
Speaker 1: like fifty or a hundred years ago. Yeah. Sure, you

520
00:29:07,280 --> 00:29:09,840
Speaker 1: know right, you know this was filmed. One guy actually

521
00:29:09,840 --> 00:29:14,040
Speaker 1: filmed the rituals. Yes, that's what I'm saying. It's documented. Yeah,

522
00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:16,920
Speaker 1: one is the only time anyone has ever put a

523
00:29:16,960 --> 00:29:20,800
Speaker 1: camera on this. Yes, and they're pretty sure that was it. Yeah.

524
00:29:21,040 --> 00:29:23,520
Speaker 1: I haven't seen it. It looks like it. Oh you

525
00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:29,840
Speaker 1: saw it? Is it on the YouTube? No way? Edmund Blowski? Yes, wow, alright,

526
00:29:29,880 --> 00:29:31,840
Speaker 1: Well I'm gonna go look that up like right now. Yeah,

527
00:29:31,920 --> 00:29:34,320
Speaker 1: and I don't know, I don't remember the guy's name.

528
00:29:34,360 --> 00:29:36,280
Speaker 1: I wasn't like, oh, yes, of course Edmund, But I

529
00:29:36,280 --> 00:29:38,480
Speaker 1: mean he's the only one who had it on there,

530
00:29:38,600 --> 00:29:41,600
Speaker 1: so yeah, wasn't Tim Burton. No, he doesn't know what

531
00:29:41,640 --> 00:29:45,080
Speaker 1: he's talking about. So all right, where are we here? Uh,

532
00:29:45,120 --> 00:29:47,880
Speaker 1: it's own shut. You've got the beginnings of your vengeance,

533
00:29:47,960 --> 00:29:51,440
Speaker 1: but this is the beginning of the long, year long

534
00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:55,880
Speaker 1: process of fulfilling this. Yes, so basically, you walk into town,

535
00:29:56,520 --> 00:30:01,800
Speaker 1: your town, your household, holding this new Santa you just

536
00:30:01,840 --> 00:30:05,560
Speaker 1: made along the way aloft with like the Rocky theme

537
00:30:05,640 --> 00:30:08,840
Speaker 1: going off in your head. Right, sure, because you are

538
00:30:09,640 --> 00:30:12,600
Speaker 1: as bad as they come. That's right. You've just taken

539
00:30:13,320 --> 00:30:17,520
Speaker 1: a head of some somebody who killed your relative and

540
00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:20,360
Speaker 1: you shrunk it. And now you're gonna wear that around

541
00:30:20,360 --> 00:30:24,280
Speaker 1: your neck for the next year. And it's time to party. Yes,

542
00:30:24,400 --> 00:30:26,280
Speaker 1: that is the first thing that happens is a big

543
00:30:26,360 --> 00:30:29,880
Speaker 1: what you call in quotes ceremonial dance at which there

544
00:30:29,960 --> 00:30:32,760
Speaker 1: is an orgy of wild drinking. Yeah. This guy did

545
00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:38,880
Speaker 1: a brief ethnography of the shore for the National Geographic Society,

546
00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:43,320
Speaker 1: and that's how he described this first um, this first party,

547
00:30:43,440 --> 00:30:46,040
Speaker 1: and he thought, why paraphrase it, Let's just throw quotes

548
00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:48,320
Speaker 1: around it because it's perfect. I mean that guy saw it,

549
00:30:48,400 --> 00:30:51,680
Speaker 1: you know. And they drink chicha, which is maniac beer,

550
00:30:52,520 --> 00:30:56,040
Speaker 1: and chichas a ormaniac as a shrub, so they make

551
00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:59,800
Speaker 1: this cheecha out of I think maniacs are root so

552
00:31:00,040 --> 00:31:03,000
Speaker 1: a shrub I saw route. Maybe it's the root of

553
00:31:03,040 --> 00:31:06,760
Speaker 1: that shrub. So maniac, right. They drink this stuff all

554
00:31:06,800 --> 00:31:09,880
Speaker 1: the time as it is. So the average adult male

555
00:31:10,400 --> 00:31:15,680
Speaker 1: UM drinks three to four gallons eleven to fifteen liters

556
00:31:15,680 --> 00:31:18,800
Speaker 1: of maniac beer every day, just as a normal matter

557
00:31:18,800 --> 00:31:23,400
Speaker 1: of course. So that's every day drinking. Imagine how much

558
00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:26,479
Speaker 1: they drink at a wild orgy of drinking, like an

559
00:31:26,480 --> 00:31:30,320
Speaker 1: actual celebration. Imagine kegs of chicha are abundant, right, and

560
00:31:30,360 --> 00:31:32,760
Speaker 1: they go for days. The celebration goes for days, and

561
00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:38,200
Speaker 1: basically the war the warrior, the raid party, UM have

562
00:31:38,520 --> 00:31:41,720
Speaker 1: whatever stances they've made and are showing it off and

563
00:31:41,800 --> 00:31:45,880
Speaker 1: using them to recreate like what happened? Um, that's like

564
00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:49,200
Speaker 1: to try that the chicha. Like we get beer from like,

565
00:31:50,240 --> 00:31:53,320
Speaker 1: you know, this is my beer from Wyoming. I don't

566
00:31:53,320 --> 00:31:55,680
Speaker 1: know if we have any Ecuadorian listener, and we appreciate

567
00:31:55,760 --> 00:31:57,920
Speaker 1: that beer, but I want to try chicha. I want

568
00:31:57,920 --> 00:32:00,800
Speaker 1: to see what that's all about. I bet it's pretty gross.

569
00:32:00,960 --> 00:32:05,320
Speaker 1: If we have any Ecuadorian listeners, we'd love to have some.

570
00:32:05,800 --> 00:32:09,440
Speaker 1: I don't think it's like bottled commercially. Well, they just

571
00:32:09,480 --> 00:32:13,280
Speaker 1: send it to us in a bucket. A bucket. That's

572
00:32:13,280 --> 00:32:16,160
Speaker 1: how people used to get beer up until like the forties.

573
00:32:16,240 --> 00:32:19,240
Speaker 1: I think, Yeah, you go down to the brewery with

574
00:32:19,280 --> 00:32:21,600
Speaker 1: like a bucket and they'd fill it up. Those are

575
00:32:21,640 --> 00:32:26,520
Speaker 1: the days, but you'd spill so much I imagine. Yeah,

576
00:32:26,600 --> 00:32:28,040
Speaker 1: I think you drink it down a little first where

577
00:32:28,040 --> 00:32:30,920
Speaker 1: you hit the road on the way home. You get

578
00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:32,840
Speaker 1: home and be like, man, a bucket since you need

579
00:32:32,880 --> 00:32:35,320
Speaker 1: to go back. It's billed it along the way into

580
00:32:35,320 --> 00:32:40,160
Speaker 1: my mouth. Alright, So more parties? How many parties in total?

581
00:32:40,200 --> 00:32:44,520
Speaker 1: Three feasts and parties? Yeah, there's three. Um there's the

582
00:32:44,520 --> 00:32:48,239
Speaker 1: first one, which is the numb Pink. Then there is

583
00:32:48,360 --> 00:32:53,920
Speaker 1: the um Nappin and Amianu and Ammianu is the last one.

584
00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:58,000
Speaker 1: It occurs about a year after this raid and Amiano

585
00:32:58,120 --> 00:33:01,040
Speaker 1: means fulfillment as far as I under stand. And at

586
00:33:01,080 --> 00:33:03,400
Speaker 1: the end of this they're like, yeah, we don't need

587
00:33:03,440 --> 00:33:06,400
Speaker 1: this anymore seriously, and it ends up in a gift

588
00:33:06,440 --> 00:33:09,320
Speaker 1: shop in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, or like they they they are

589
00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:11,760
Speaker 1: known to like give it to their kids as toys.

590
00:33:12,440 --> 00:33:17,400
Speaker 1: It loses all significance whatsoever, like overnight, like after AMU,

591
00:33:17,840 --> 00:33:24,520
Speaker 1: it goes from this prized um spiritual, social um, cultural

592
00:33:25,880 --> 00:33:32,920
Speaker 1: significant item right to nothing nothing. So the the um

593
00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:39,000
Speaker 1: you are, we're known to be fairly surprisingly friendly people.

594
00:33:39,320 --> 00:33:41,400
Speaker 1: If they thought you were on the up and up. Yeah,

595
00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:43,120
Speaker 1: if they if you had something to trade and you

596
00:33:43,160 --> 00:33:46,000
Speaker 1: were there to trade with them, they would say, yeah, sure,

597
00:33:46,200 --> 00:33:48,360
Speaker 1: as long as they thought was fair. Remember they revolted

598
00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:51,520
Speaker 1: in nine against Spanish colonial rule because they thought they

599
00:33:51,520 --> 00:33:55,480
Speaker 1: were being unfairly taxed, and I bet they probably were. Sure. Um,

600
00:33:55,600 --> 00:33:57,120
Speaker 1: so if they think you're on the up and up

601
00:33:57,160 --> 00:33:58,800
Speaker 1: and you're cool and you're not doing them any harm

602
00:33:58,920 --> 00:34:03,120
Speaker 1: or whatever, then you can trade with them. And that

603
00:34:03,200 --> 00:34:08,320
Speaker 1: happened big time, yes, And Europeans said, what you got there, buddy? Uh? Whoa,

604
00:34:08,440 --> 00:34:11,760
Speaker 1: this is a Santa. It's a shrunken head of somebody

605
00:34:11,800 --> 00:34:15,960
Speaker 1: who insulted my um or who killed my uncle, and

606
00:34:15,960 --> 00:34:18,319
Speaker 1: then my kids playing with it now. And then they say, well,

607
00:34:18,320 --> 00:34:21,280
Speaker 1: I got a boomstick that you might be interested in exactly,

608
00:34:21,360 --> 00:34:25,319
Speaker 1: and that began the trade of shrunken heads between the

609
00:34:25,360 --> 00:34:29,160
Speaker 1: West and the shoe Are And it started out just

610
00:34:29,239 --> 00:34:31,759
Speaker 1: like that, a gun for a shrunken head, one for one.

611
00:34:31,880 --> 00:34:36,080
Speaker 1: That seems fair. Yeah, I'm surprised that the Europeans didn't

612
00:34:36,080 --> 00:34:38,440
Speaker 1: try to take advantage of that and be like, this

613
00:34:38,520 --> 00:34:41,000
Speaker 1: boomstick is pretty pricey. I might I need like five

614
00:34:41,040 --> 00:34:43,719
Speaker 1: of those heads. Or maybe they didn't want to push

615
00:34:43,719 --> 00:34:46,400
Speaker 1: their life. Yeah, I wouldn't push my luck. One for

616
00:34:46,440 --> 00:34:48,359
Speaker 1: one sounds like a good straighter. You give them their

617
00:34:48,400 --> 00:34:50,759
Speaker 1: gun and you call them sir the whole time. Well,

618
00:34:50,840 --> 00:34:52,880
Speaker 1: and since they did give them guns, that led to

619
00:34:52,920 --> 00:34:57,200
Speaker 1: a downward spiral. Uh Like usually when you introduced guns

620
00:34:57,200 --> 00:35:04,160
Speaker 1: into a culture of war there, Well, they remember, they

621
00:35:04,200 --> 00:35:08,439
Speaker 1: don't use guns to kill. They used the spear to hunt,

622
00:35:08,480 --> 00:35:10,560
Speaker 1: just to shoot and be like, check me out, I'm

623
00:35:10,680 --> 00:35:13,120
Speaker 1: gonna scare the tar out of you by shooting at

624
00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:15,040
Speaker 1: your house, but I'm really going to cut your head

625
00:35:15,080 --> 00:35:17,560
Speaker 1: off with a spear. Well, what really started the war

626
00:35:18,320 --> 00:35:22,240
Speaker 1: was I think the Europeans came there to do this trading,

627
00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:25,520
Speaker 1: and then that, of course brought disease that they weren't

628
00:35:25,560 --> 00:35:28,640
Speaker 1: used to seeing. And so that disease killed people, and

629
00:35:28,680 --> 00:35:30,839
Speaker 1: that they thought, of course, because they were shoe are

630
00:35:31,280 --> 00:35:33,400
Speaker 1: they didn't know it was disease. They thought it was magic.

631
00:35:33,480 --> 00:35:37,120
Speaker 1: So they started taking drugs and saying it was Jorge.

632
00:35:37,360 --> 00:35:40,920
Speaker 1: More disease equals more death, equals more retribution. That is

633
00:35:41,360 --> 00:35:44,680
Speaker 1: more as a huge and very overlooked aspect of how

634
00:35:45,120 --> 00:35:50,400
Speaker 1: European encroachment into shoe are culture, uh increased the um

635
00:35:50,680 --> 00:35:53,839
Speaker 1: the war among the shoe are um and the other

636
00:35:53,880 --> 00:35:56,319
Speaker 1: way it did was just simple supply and demand. The

637
00:35:56,400 --> 00:35:59,560
Speaker 1: Europeans wanted more heads than the shoe are head. So

638
00:35:59,600 --> 00:36:01,960
Speaker 1: the shoe are We're like, okay, well let's we'll just go,

639
00:36:02,400 --> 00:36:05,120
Speaker 1: you know, start warring more frequently. Before it was a

640
00:36:05,239 --> 00:36:08,600
Speaker 1: very infrequent thing. And then um, by I think the

641
00:36:08,640 --> 00:36:11,920
Speaker 1: turn of the twentieth century, that war was like a

642
00:36:11,920 --> 00:36:16,160
Speaker 1: monthly endeavor which had never been seen before amongst you are. Yeah,

643
00:36:16,160 --> 00:36:18,640
Speaker 1: you said, between eighteen eighty nine and nineteen eleven, one

644
00:36:19,440 --> 00:36:23,319
Speaker 1: area declined in population by because of this war, just

645
00:36:23,360 --> 00:36:26,680
Speaker 1: because of war, not even disease, just war. That's a

646
00:36:26,719 --> 00:36:29,520
Speaker 1: lot of dead people, it's a lot of shrunken head

647
00:36:30,200 --> 00:36:33,920
Speaker 1: and it's because the West demanded it. They wanted this.

648
00:36:34,280 --> 00:36:37,360
Speaker 1: They were willing. They were very much in demand because

649
00:36:37,600 --> 00:36:43,480
Speaker 1: they saw them as obviously very exotic collectibles and um.

650
00:36:43,560 --> 00:36:45,560
Speaker 1: But they did have a if I like this, they

651
00:36:45,600 --> 00:36:48,960
Speaker 1: had a shoe. I had a backup plan in case

652
00:36:49,520 --> 00:36:52,680
Speaker 1: you were able to go and kill the person who

653
00:36:52,719 --> 00:36:56,040
Speaker 1: inflicted pain upon your family. But I couldn't get your head.

654
00:36:56,760 --> 00:37:00,120
Speaker 1: They'll allow you to get the head of a sloth instead.

655
00:37:00,280 --> 00:37:03,279
Speaker 1: But I imagine that's sort of shameful. Like the guy

656
00:37:03,320 --> 00:37:05,799
Speaker 1: with the sloth around his neck might be like, it's

657
00:37:05,800 --> 00:37:09,520
Speaker 1: not hor he's a little self conscious. Yeah, at the party,

658
00:37:09,719 --> 00:37:13,360
Speaker 1: I think so, like he's partying, but he's like, ah, yeah,

659
00:37:13,760 --> 00:37:16,879
Speaker 1: he's off to the side, like drinking and punch. Now,

660
00:37:16,920 --> 00:37:19,200
Speaker 1: what if they do, you know, if they don't even

661
00:37:19,239 --> 00:37:22,640
Speaker 1: get retribution, they don't what if they get defeated. I

662
00:37:22,680 --> 00:37:25,080
Speaker 1: didn't run across anything like that. I just I think

663
00:37:25,080 --> 00:37:28,759
Speaker 1: that it was obviously a possibility because they you know,

664
00:37:28,840 --> 00:37:31,600
Speaker 1: you're staging arrade. These people know you're coming, and they're

665
00:37:31,640 --> 00:37:34,640
Speaker 1: not they're not they're not sending out Jorge, you know,

666
00:37:34,880 --> 00:37:39,200
Speaker 1: on their own. Um, they're gonna fight you probably, Um,

667
00:37:39,280 --> 00:37:41,920
Speaker 1: So yeah, I I don't know. I think you just

668
00:37:41,960 --> 00:37:44,560
Speaker 1: failed and you're dead, right, so you probably don't care

669
00:37:44,600 --> 00:37:48,359
Speaker 1: that much about what happened up your uncle because you're

670
00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:50,719
Speaker 1: sitting next to him right now and you're getting an

671
00:37:50,719 --> 00:37:55,120
Speaker 1: ear full phone. So uh uh. The sloth heads are

672
00:37:55,160 --> 00:37:58,040
Speaker 1: significant because they have a feeling that that might be

673
00:37:58,560 --> 00:38:03,799
Speaker 1: some of the early forgeries which became commonplace. I think

674
00:38:03,880 --> 00:38:07,279
Speaker 1: like about of the ones that they have today are

675
00:38:07,600 --> 00:38:12,160
Speaker 1: likely forgeries. Yeah, but but they were authentic because the

676
00:38:12,239 --> 00:38:15,239
Speaker 1: you are made, Um, they were sho are tansas. They

677
00:38:15,239 --> 00:38:19,280
Speaker 1: just weren't human, right, so um that started. That was quickly.

678
00:38:19,360 --> 00:38:22,200
Speaker 1: They quickly ran out of the sloth ones, and then

679
00:38:22,239 --> 00:38:25,680
Speaker 1: they were they were counterfeited by people who weren't you are,

680
00:38:26,040 --> 00:38:29,000
Speaker 1: So you would have monkey heads, ones made out of

681
00:38:29,040 --> 00:38:32,640
Speaker 1: goat or horse skin, um, human heads that were stolen

682
00:38:32,680 --> 00:38:36,799
Speaker 1: and shrunken by amateurs um from you know, bodies from

683
00:38:36,840 --> 00:38:39,520
Speaker 1: the Morgues and Ecuador who had nothing to do with

684
00:38:39,560 --> 00:38:42,200
Speaker 1: the shoe are and the shoe are never had anything

685
00:38:42,200 --> 00:38:44,680
Speaker 1: to do with these shrunken heads. And there's a lot

686
00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:46,960
Speaker 1: of ways that you can tell an authentic sho are

687
00:38:47,560 --> 00:38:52,440
Speaker 1: sansa tansa. I'm gonna say it both ways the whole time. Um,

688
00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:56,359
Speaker 1: and uh, one of them is. Um, the lips are

689
00:38:56,400 --> 00:38:59,000
Speaker 1: usually so shut, and they were nodded in a certain way,

690
00:38:59,239 --> 00:39:01,279
Speaker 1: and the strings were left a dangle. It's called the

691
00:39:01,280 --> 00:39:05,040
Speaker 1: shoea not that's a dead giveaway. Um. And there's there's

692
00:39:05,200 --> 00:39:07,160
Speaker 1: I ran across this one source. It was basically like

693
00:39:07,400 --> 00:39:14,759
Speaker 1: here ten identifying characteristics of a Santa number one head shrunk. Right. Well,

694
00:39:14,760 --> 00:39:17,799
Speaker 1: there's one. Um, there are a couple of specimens of

695
00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:22,480
Speaker 1: entirely shrunken bodies. But the people didn't go there's one

696
00:39:22,480 --> 00:39:26,800
Speaker 1: guy who's like a an Ecuadorian general or something or

697
00:39:26,920 --> 00:39:30,040
Speaker 1: military officer. Um, the person who shrunk his whole body

698
00:39:30,080 --> 00:39:31,880
Speaker 1: didn't go to the trouble of removing all of the

699
00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:34,520
Speaker 1: bones from the hand or feet. Uh so he's just

700
00:39:34,560 --> 00:39:37,000
Speaker 1: a little body with like big hands and feet. That's

701
00:39:37,080 --> 00:39:41,160
Speaker 1: kind of cool. It is kind of cool, but not authentic. Yeah,

702
00:39:41,200 --> 00:39:43,480
Speaker 1: And and I just cooked up an idea though. If

703
00:39:43,520 --> 00:39:47,160
Speaker 1: I was I went to get Jorge, but I could

704
00:39:47,160 --> 00:39:51,160
Speaker 1: not get Jorge's head, and I was shamed into getting

705
00:39:51,160 --> 00:39:54,879
Speaker 1: a monkey instead. I would just tell people that that

706
00:39:54,920 --> 00:39:57,399
Speaker 1: was Jorge and that he sort of looked like a monkey. Yeah.

707
00:39:57,760 --> 00:39:59,640
Speaker 1: I wonder if that would work. I don't know, No,

708
00:40:00,160 --> 00:40:03,440
Speaker 1: if you're a big fat lying shoe, are it would work? Okay?

709
00:40:03,640 --> 00:40:28,799
Speaker 1: You know? Yeah, so Chuck we Um, you mentioned that

710
00:40:28,880 --> 00:40:33,000
Speaker 1: like eight percent or something of all senses are considered counterfeit.

711
00:40:33,120 --> 00:40:35,359
Speaker 1: I'm it was probably. I would think it's even higher

712
00:40:35,440 --> 00:40:39,840
Speaker 1: than that. Like big museums, big time museums were collecting

713
00:40:39,920 --> 00:40:44,040
Speaker 1: these or received them through donations of like famous adventurers

714
00:40:44,120 --> 00:40:48,799
Speaker 1: or collectors widows. Um. Which is a moral issue. It

715
00:40:48,960 --> 00:40:50,920
Speaker 1: is these days. It didn't used to be. It was

716
00:40:50,960 --> 00:40:54,160
Speaker 1: just like oh, cool shrunken head, right, Oh cool mummy. Right.

717
00:40:54,320 --> 00:40:58,120
Speaker 1: But now there is this question of repatriation. Like we

718
00:40:58,280 --> 00:41:01,640
Speaker 1: remember in the Total Pole episode we talked about George H. W.

719
00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:06,600
Speaker 1: Bush signing the Grave Repatriation Actor Native Americans. So this

720
00:41:06,680 --> 00:41:08,000
Speaker 1: is a this is a big issue, and it has

721
00:41:08,040 --> 00:41:10,879
Speaker 1: been on since like the eighties or nineties, I would say, um,

722
00:41:10,960 --> 00:41:13,000
Speaker 1: And now all of a sudden, all these museums who

723
00:41:13,000 --> 00:41:16,799
Speaker 1: were used to making gobs of cash off of displaying

724
00:41:17,200 --> 00:41:21,680
Speaker 1: shrunken heads are like, oh, we're kind of on morally

725
00:41:21,800 --> 00:41:26,560
Speaker 1: gray ground here, which is really like we're on immoral ground.

726
00:41:26,600 --> 00:41:29,359
Speaker 1: So what do we do with this? Well, some people

727
00:41:29,400 --> 00:41:32,799
Speaker 1: are returning them. Some museums have returned them, and that

728
00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:35,640
Speaker 1: I guess solves that problem other ones, I guess. I

729
00:41:35,640 --> 00:41:38,600
Speaker 1: mean they're testing them now a lot. In fact, this

730
00:41:38,680 --> 00:41:42,680
Speaker 1: week they got the first DNA successful DNA tests from

731
00:41:42,680 --> 00:41:51,080
Speaker 1: a shrunken head. Ah. Who did it turn out to be? Uh?

732
00:41:51,280 --> 00:41:54,000
Speaker 1: It was published in this week's issue of or Maybe

733
00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:58,719
Speaker 1: It's a monthly quarterly Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, and it

734
00:41:58,760 --> 00:42:00,719
Speaker 1: was on display. The head was on display at a

735
00:42:00,800 --> 00:42:04,960
Speaker 1: museum and Tel Aviv, and UH, a senior lecturer at

736
00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:09,480
Speaker 1: a veterinary school, which I thought was interesting, tested this

737
00:42:09,560 --> 00:42:14,080
Speaker 1: thing and authenticated it as real human skin and uh

738
00:42:14,080 --> 00:42:20,600
Speaker 1: probably and died in South America, probably of Afro Ecuadorian descent. Wow,

739
00:42:20,880 --> 00:42:24,240
Speaker 1: so we knew it was real anyway. But with DNA

740
00:42:24,520 --> 00:42:28,560
Speaker 1: now it's like, all right, it's and now we can

741
00:42:28,560 --> 00:42:31,000
Speaker 1: tell well and now you can test though at least

742
00:42:31,000 --> 00:42:33,880
Speaker 1: these museums can to see if they're forgeries. If they're forgeries,

743
00:42:33,880 --> 00:42:36,840
Speaker 1: I guess there's no harm in keeping them no on display,

744
00:42:36,880 --> 00:42:39,080
Speaker 1: They're probably not gonna draw the visitors in like a

745
00:42:39,160 --> 00:42:45,160
Speaker 1: real stance it would, right, But UM, the the Smithsonian's

746
00:42:45,400 --> 00:42:49,320
Speaker 1: um oh, which one was at the National Museum of

747
00:42:49,360 --> 00:42:52,759
Speaker 1: the American Indian led the way in repatriating stances to

748
00:42:52,840 --> 00:42:58,080
Speaker 1: the shore in UH. I think, and then other museums

749
00:42:58,080 --> 00:43:01,200
Speaker 1: are thinking of doing it, think very publicly and very

750
00:43:01,239 --> 00:43:04,480
Speaker 1: hard about it. Like the Pitt Rivers Museum in England

751
00:43:04,880 --> 00:43:08,680
Speaker 1: has a pretty substantial collection. There was a lot of

752
00:43:08,719 --> 00:43:13,000
Speaker 1: like basically grave robbing and looting of cultures in the

753
00:43:13,120 --> 00:43:17,120
Speaker 1: nineteenth and twentieth centuries that were funded by museums. They

754
00:43:17,160 --> 00:43:19,920
Speaker 1: now have these collections that everybody was cool with that

755
00:43:20,200 --> 00:43:22,000
Speaker 1: all of a sudden the public is not so cool with.

756
00:43:22,480 --> 00:43:24,640
Speaker 1: So maybe we should give that stuff back because these

757
00:43:24,640 --> 00:43:28,600
Speaker 1: are human remains, and Santa's in particular are called um

758
00:43:28,920 --> 00:43:33,719
Speaker 1: quasi objects because there because of the transformation they go through,

759
00:43:34,200 --> 00:43:38,640
Speaker 1: they're not just human remains. They're also cultural artifacts. But

760
00:43:39,360 --> 00:43:41,160
Speaker 1: at the end of the day, they're human remains. And

761
00:43:41,200 --> 00:43:43,440
Speaker 1: really they should probably go back to what's now the

762
00:43:43,440 --> 00:43:46,880
Speaker 1: Shore Federation, which was established in the nineteen fifties and

763
00:43:46,920 --> 00:43:50,080
Speaker 1: supposedly since then there hasn't been a Santa. But that

764
00:43:50,080 --> 00:43:54,719
Speaker 1: that film from nineteen sixty one kind of undermines that idea. Yeah,

765
00:43:54,719 --> 00:43:56,560
Speaker 1: and didn't you point out to that um the uh

766
00:43:57,080 --> 00:43:59,800
Speaker 1: during the boom in in the trade of the shrunken

767
00:43:59,800 --> 00:44:05,200
Speaker 1: heads that people would rob Ecuadorian morgues of their heads

768
00:44:05,560 --> 00:44:09,880
Speaker 1: to to make these. So that's certainly hinky, yeah, to

769
00:44:09,920 --> 00:44:12,759
Speaker 1: say the least. Yeah, So I guess the moral of

770
00:44:12,800 --> 00:44:15,879
Speaker 1: this entire episode is if you have a shrunken head,

771
00:44:16,320 --> 00:44:18,560
Speaker 1: you should probably give it back. That's right. And didn't

772
00:44:18,560 --> 00:44:20,759
Speaker 1: the Christians stop all this? Aren't they to blame or

773
00:44:20,800 --> 00:44:23,799
Speaker 1: to be credited with? Yea, Christian missionaries are the ones

774
00:44:23,840 --> 00:44:27,200
Speaker 1: who kind of brought the shoe are more into Ecuadorian

775
00:44:27,280 --> 00:44:32,439
Speaker 1: society and um got their their culture into this Shoe

776
00:44:32,560 --> 00:44:36,600
Speaker 1: r Federation and they stopped worrying with within themselves too. Yes,

777
00:44:36,719 --> 00:44:39,319
Speaker 1: but there are still rumors and will end it on

778
00:44:39,400 --> 00:44:44,000
Speaker 1: this one as recently as nine six. So like everybody's like,

779
00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:47,720
Speaker 1: if you're a shoe are supposedly you don't shrink heads anymore,

780
00:44:48,000 --> 00:44:51,319
Speaker 1: but you know exactly how to do it. Under the

781
00:44:51,400 --> 00:44:54,920
Speaker 1: right circumstances, you would do it right, But everything's just

782
00:44:55,000 --> 00:44:56,880
Speaker 1: been so cool for so long you don't have to

783
00:44:56,880 --> 00:45:01,399
Speaker 1: do it. But supposedly in the nineteen nineties six uh

784
00:45:01,600 --> 00:45:05,440
Speaker 1: Senapa war, I believe is what it was between Peru

785
00:45:05,520 --> 00:45:10,680
Speaker 1: and Ecuador. Ecuadorian soldiers who were sho are modern soldiers. Yes,

786
00:45:10,960 --> 00:45:13,680
Speaker 1: so there was a rumor that they were making santsa

787
00:45:13,840 --> 00:45:17,160
Speaker 1: out of the heads of Peruvian soldiers that they killed

788
00:45:17,239 --> 00:45:20,160
Speaker 1: during this war. Yeah. I wonder if they followed the

789
00:45:20,160 --> 00:45:24,000
Speaker 1: whole process, the year long deal with the celebrations, or

790
00:45:24,000 --> 00:45:26,000
Speaker 1: if it was more modernized, like I'm just gonna do

791
00:45:26,040 --> 00:45:28,640
Speaker 1: this for the old old school guys. I don't know,

792
00:45:28,800 --> 00:45:32,600
Speaker 1: keep the the culture alive. Well, the idea that it

793
00:45:32,640 --> 00:45:35,400
Speaker 1: happened during the Senate War has been largely pooh pooed.

794
00:45:35,920 --> 00:45:38,560
Speaker 1: But I don't know if they did. I don't know

795
00:45:38,600 --> 00:45:40,839
Speaker 1: how they did it, but I'll bet that all of

796
00:45:40,920 --> 00:45:43,919
Speaker 1: the other people in their platoon were really scared of them,

797
00:45:44,200 --> 00:45:48,800
Speaker 1: probably so. So that's it for headshrinking. Literally, there's nothing

798
00:45:48,840 --> 00:45:51,360
Speaker 1: more to say about. No, I can't think of anything.

799
00:45:52,280 --> 00:45:54,919
Speaker 1: I even looked. If you want to see a bunch

800
00:45:54,960 --> 00:45:57,200
Speaker 1: of pictures of shrunken heads and stuff like that, you

801
00:45:57,239 --> 00:46:00,799
Speaker 1: can look at my article on how stuff works dot

802
00:46:00,840 --> 00:46:05,359
Speaker 1: com by typing in shrunken heads in the handy search

803
00:46:05,400 --> 00:46:07,440
Speaker 1: bar how stuff works dot Com. That's how I found it,

804
00:46:07,560 --> 00:46:10,200
Speaker 1: and that brings up not listener mail as I understand it.

805
00:46:10,280 --> 00:46:15,600
Speaker 1: Right now, Josh, you know what it's time for say

806
00:46:15,600 --> 00:46:26,400
Speaker 1: it Edge. That's right, Josh. This is the point that

807
00:46:26,440 --> 00:46:29,480
Speaker 1: we do every few months where we thank fans for

808
00:46:29,600 --> 00:46:34,279
Speaker 1: sending tokens of their appreciation in and many of them

809
00:46:34,320 --> 00:46:36,239
Speaker 1: are trying to get a small plug of their own,

810
00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:38,400
Speaker 1: which we don't mind doing as long as it's on

811
00:46:38,440 --> 00:46:40,960
Speaker 1: the up and up. And so here we go. We'll

812
00:46:40,960 --> 00:46:43,200
Speaker 1: just tag team this. Listen up for your name, and

813
00:46:43,239 --> 00:46:46,120
Speaker 1: if we forgot you, please remind us and you will

814
00:46:46,160 --> 00:46:50,760
Speaker 1: be on the next edition. Uh. Susannah from Archie Comics

815
00:46:50,880 --> 00:46:53,600
Speaker 1: knows that I was an Archie comic fan from the

816
00:46:53,600 --> 00:46:55,879
Speaker 1: show and that you made fun of me for that,

817
00:46:56,239 --> 00:46:59,400
Speaker 1: and so she sent us a load of stuff Archie

818
00:47:00,080 --> 00:47:04,560
Speaker 1: boxer shorts and comics and depends I showed it to

819
00:47:04,600 --> 00:47:08,040
Speaker 1: you and you didn't want it. Chuck. You also got

820
00:47:08,040 --> 00:47:10,880
Speaker 1: both of the gift cards from George from Guitar Center

821
00:47:10,920 --> 00:47:13,920
Speaker 1: in Austin, Texas. George, I appreciate that, yeah, man, but

822
00:47:14,080 --> 00:47:15,560
Speaker 1: I knew that Chuck would put it too a lot

823
00:47:15,600 --> 00:47:17,439
Speaker 1: better use than I would, so he got that one.

824
00:47:17,840 --> 00:47:21,080
Speaker 1: You could have got like a like a guitar sent

825
00:47:21,120 --> 00:47:24,640
Speaker 1: her T shirt. Alright, thank you, George. I used them

826
00:47:24,640 --> 00:47:29,360
Speaker 1: both already. Vanessa, you sent us germ inspired plushies and

827
00:47:29,400 --> 00:47:32,359
Speaker 1: they're these little zippered pouches that look like germs. Yeah,

828
00:47:32,400 --> 00:47:36,040
Speaker 1: two of my nieces are crazy those. Yeah I should, uh,

829
00:47:36,120 --> 00:47:39,000
Speaker 1: I should donate those to a small child. Uh. Germ

830
00:47:39,120 --> 00:47:41,080
Speaker 1: usa dot com is where you can find those, and

831
00:47:41,120 --> 00:47:44,960
Speaker 1: she donates of sales to St. Jude's Children's Hospital. So

832
00:47:45,000 --> 00:47:46,839
Speaker 1: that is very much worthy. And if you are red

833
00:47:46,880 --> 00:47:50,359
Speaker 1: gifting them to really kind of complete the whole thing,

834
00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:52,359
Speaker 1: cough into it first and then zip it up real

835
00:47:52,480 --> 00:47:55,360
Speaker 1: quick and then give it to the little plush germs.

836
00:47:55,480 --> 00:47:59,040
Speaker 1: That's good. Look in the show. Sure, culture, I think sure? Uh,

837
00:47:59,400 --> 00:48:01,920
Speaker 1: Liz it a bit sweets dot Com send us some

838
00:48:01,960 --> 00:48:05,400
Speaker 1: more chocolate switch, Thank you, Liz. But she owed it

839
00:48:05,440 --> 00:48:09,200
Speaker 1: to us after the Molecular Gastronomy podcast. It was in return. Remember, yeah,

840
00:48:09,239 --> 00:48:10,799
Speaker 1: are we one up on her now or she even

841
00:48:10,800 --> 00:48:14,200
Speaker 1: were even now? Okay, but we got a good deal

842
00:48:14,280 --> 00:48:16,520
Speaker 1: going with her, so let's just keep this up. So

843
00:48:16,560 --> 00:48:19,160
Speaker 1: thanks a little bit sweets dot com. That is l

844
00:48:19,200 --> 00:48:22,680
Speaker 1: I D D A B I T sweets dot com.

845
00:48:22,680 --> 00:48:25,920
Speaker 1: And it's so good. That's true, Chuck. I mean we're

846
00:48:25,920 --> 00:48:27,680
Speaker 1: not just plugging it. I mean every time we get

847
00:48:27,680 --> 00:48:30,200
Speaker 1: a package from her. I just delighted. Yes in fat

848
00:48:30,239 --> 00:48:34,400
Speaker 1: her farmer, I'll send us unicorn tiers from unicorn tiers

849
00:48:34,480 --> 00:48:38,279
Speaker 1: dot org. And uh my unicorn tiers were tears of joy.

850
00:48:38,600 --> 00:48:41,960
Speaker 1: Apparently there are different kinds of unicorn tiers. Really, yes,

851
00:48:42,000 --> 00:48:45,600
Speaker 1: mine were tears of joy tears. Jody sent us in

852
00:48:45,680 --> 00:48:48,480
Speaker 1: Geo coins from her gcation experience. It was very nice.

853
00:48:48,480 --> 00:48:50,960
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that's right, no plugg there, just a kind deed.

854
00:48:51,600 --> 00:48:54,960
Speaker 1: Matt Lively sent us a sketch book Grandma's Big Breakfast

855
00:48:54,960 --> 00:48:58,560
Speaker 1: and other drawings. Is that the one with the everybody

856
00:48:58,560 --> 00:49:01,000
Speaker 1: made a little squiggle and he draw from it? I believe,

857
00:49:01,040 --> 00:49:04,280
Speaker 1: So okay, thanks Matt, it's very neat. We got something

858
00:49:04,320 --> 00:49:07,920
Speaker 1: from Jenna Dalmas and Jenna was on the co ed

859
00:49:08,000 --> 00:49:11,160
Speaker 1: trip to Guatemala with Jerry. Is it Gina? It is

860
00:49:11,239 --> 00:49:16,279
Speaker 1: Jenna spell Gina, and Jerry told me how to pronounce it,

861
00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:19,200
Speaker 1: and she sent a CD. She's a musician, and she

862
00:49:19,280 --> 00:49:21,880
Speaker 1: sent us some c D s and T shirts and

863
00:49:21,920 --> 00:49:24,960
Speaker 1: you can support her at Jenna Dalmas dot com. But

864
00:49:25,040 --> 00:49:27,440
Speaker 1: that is g I n A D A l m

865
00:49:27,440 --> 00:49:29,480
Speaker 1: A s dot com. And I haven't listened to c

866
00:49:29,560 --> 00:49:31,359
Speaker 1: D yet because I just got it, but I'm gonna

867
00:49:31,400 --> 00:49:33,520
Speaker 1: check it out. Looks like some sort of all country

868
00:49:33,520 --> 00:49:36,120
Speaker 1: type of thing, which I did. So do you remember

869
00:49:36,640 --> 00:49:40,680
Speaker 1: those competing gross stories, the paramedic and the ear nurse?

870
00:49:40,840 --> 00:49:44,279
Speaker 1: Who are I think married? Um? And we did. We

871
00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:47,120
Speaker 1: judged which story was grosser, fish in the butt yes

872
00:49:47,320 --> 00:49:50,399
Speaker 1: or intestines pushed back in and we voted intestines. Well,

873
00:49:50,520 --> 00:49:54,560
Speaker 1: Matt and Anna, whose stories those worse than us? Thank

874
00:49:54,600 --> 00:49:59,880
Speaker 1: you beers, so thank you for the beers. Johnny Spanish,

875
00:50:00,120 --> 00:50:02,640
Speaker 1: I doubt if that's his real name. He sent Uh,

876
00:50:02,680 --> 00:50:06,560
Speaker 1: he does Discover Spanish. There's a podcast actually called Discover

877
00:50:06,680 --> 00:50:09,279
Speaker 1: Spanish and it teaches you Spanish. And he sent us

878
00:50:09,320 --> 00:50:14,000
Speaker 1: a CD set from Language Treks And um, I haven't

879
00:50:14,000 --> 00:50:15,480
Speaker 1: listened to it yet, but if long wanted to learn

880
00:50:15,480 --> 00:50:18,319
Speaker 1: Spanish and I didn't want to throw down for it's

881
00:50:18,440 --> 00:50:21,560
Speaker 1: Rosetta Stone. Yeah, so I'm gonna I'm gonna try. Why

882
00:50:21,719 --> 00:50:25,759
Speaker 1: was it pricey? Yeah? So I'm gonna got it now

883
00:50:25,800 --> 00:50:29,080
Speaker 1: for free from Johnny Spanish. Yes, he's gonna teach you

884
00:50:29,120 --> 00:50:31,320
Speaker 1: to say stuff that you're not supposed to be saying.

885
00:50:31,440 --> 00:50:35,160
Speaker 1: Probably so. Carrie and Ryan sent us a lovely photo

886
00:50:35,280 --> 00:50:39,839
Speaker 1: of woods on fire. She teaches back country landscape photography

887
00:50:40,000 --> 00:50:43,719
Speaker 1: at a community calls in DuPont, Washington, and you can

888
00:50:43,719 --> 00:50:46,439
Speaker 1: go check out her stuff at photos by carry dot

889
00:50:46,480 --> 00:50:50,439
Speaker 1: com photos by k E R R I E dot com.

890
00:50:50,560 --> 00:50:53,920
Speaker 1: All one word, Josh, we got some beef jerky. I know,

891
00:50:54,200 --> 00:50:57,960
Speaker 1: this was awesome. It was so good. I almost finished

892
00:50:57,960 --> 00:50:59,880
Speaker 1: it all on the way home. And it was a slab.

893
00:51:00,120 --> 00:51:02,279
Speaker 1: Yeah it was. It was like my bucket of beer,

894
00:51:02,320 --> 00:51:05,000
Speaker 1: but it was beef jerkey. It was Bud's beef jerkey

895
00:51:05,000 --> 00:51:09,680
Speaker 1: from northern California. And Mike Geotas or Guiotas sent us

896
00:51:09,760 --> 00:51:12,960
Speaker 1: that And did he send us anything else? I don't,

897
00:51:13,000 --> 00:51:15,520
Speaker 1: I don't. I think it was just. I mean that's plenty,

898
00:51:16,000 --> 00:51:17,279
Speaker 1: but at the first some reason I thought that was

899
00:51:17,320 --> 00:51:19,480
Speaker 1: beer that went with it or just and Mike, if

900
00:51:19,480 --> 00:51:22,160
Speaker 1: you want to keep that coming, if you can stagger

901
00:51:22,239 --> 00:51:23,880
Speaker 1: him so I get a new one every day, that

902
00:51:23,920 --> 00:51:27,919
Speaker 1: would help me a lot. What's next, Uh, let's see.

903
00:51:27,920 --> 00:51:32,160
Speaker 1: Allison and Fraser from Victoria, British Columbia sent us the

904
00:51:32,400 --> 00:51:34,320
Speaker 1: s Y S K Army T shirt. This was a

905
00:51:35,640 --> 00:51:39,719
Speaker 1: an entrant into our contest that we had some time back, which,

906
00:51:39,760 --> 00:51:41,840
Speaker 1: by the way, I think we should have another teacher contest.

907
00:51:41,880 --> 00:51:43,440
Speaker 1: What do you think I was thinking that just the

908
00:51:43,480 --> 00:51:46,080
Speaker 1: other day. Actually, all right, and there's um didn't win,

909
00:51:46,440 --> 00:51:49,600
Speaker 1: but it's awesome and we've got our versions of it.

910
00:51:49,640 --> 00:51:51,640
Speaker 1: We can wear them are out now. Yeah they're Canadian.

911
00:51:51,880 --> 00:51:54,240
Speaker 1: It might have won, but they were not allowed because

912
00:51:54,840 --> 00:51:58,120
Speaker 1: of of silly rules. Yes they couldn't. They couldn't even enter.

913
00:51:58,680 --> 00:52:00,880
Speaker 1: But they're in the image gallery and they made the

914
00:52:00,880 --> 00:52:03,719
Speaker 1: shirt anyway inside to us. So thank you very much,

915
00:52:03,760 --> 00:52:06,040
Speaker 1: you guys. And finally I want to give a personal

916
00:52:06,040 --> 00:52:11,080
Speaker 1: thanks to Dr Gabriel Bird, dentist of Norman, Oklahoma, because,

917
00:52:11,160 --> 00:52:14,360
Speaker 1: as you know, Josh, I am potentially looking at braces

918
00:52:14,400 --> 00:52:18,160
Speaker 1: and jaw surgery for my messed up bite that is

919
00:52:18,200 --> 00:52:22,160
Speaker 1: weakening my teeth. You're like Lisa Simpson projected like ten

920
00:52:22,239 --> 00:52:25,520
Speaker 1: years out. Awful, man, so awful. And I posted on

921
00:52:25,520 --> 00:52:27,400
Speaker 1: Facebook one day about people that had experience with this,

922
00:52:27,560 --> 00:52:31,440
Speaker 1: and Doc Bird uh said, Hey, dude, I'm a dentist

923
00:52:31,440 --> 00:52:34,359
Speaker 1: in Oklahoma. Call me. So I did, and we spent

924
00:52:34,400 --> 00:52:35,759
Speaker 1: like an hour on the phone and he gave me

925
00:52:35,800 --> 00:52:38,799
Speaker 1: all sorts of like awesome tips and advice on what

926
00:52:38,920 --> 00:52:41,880
Speaker 1: to look for in my appointment, and uh, we're Facebook

927
00:52:41,880 --> 00:52:45,239
Speaker 1: buddies now and it was very yeah, very kind of him.

928
00:52:45,320 --> 00:52:48,720
Speaker 1: So if you're in the Norman, Oklahoma area, highly recommend

929
00:52:48,840 --> 00:52:53,440
Speaker 1: Dr Gabriel Bird and he's quite a dream boat. And

930
00:52:53,440 --> 00:52:56,759
Speaker 1: then finally we have about ten more shoutouts. Um, We've

931
00:52:56,800 --> 00:52:59,480
Speaker 1: got a juma and other stories from Tyler Davis. He

932
00:52:59,560 --> 00:53:01,880
Speaker 1: sent us a self published book which is pretty awesome.

933
00:53:02,200 --> 00:53:06,280
Speaker 1: Got a nice origami crane from Jordan's Hatswell in South Australia.

934
00:53:06,680 --> 00:53:08,680
Speaker 1: We got a letter from Courtney B who is an

935
00:53:08,760 --> 00:53:12,799
Speaker 1: archaeologist in Alama Gordo, New Mexico. Thank you. We got

936
00:53:12,840 --> 00:53:15,719
Speaker 1: a very nice letter from Sam W and Sam, tell

937
00:53:15,760 --> 00:53:18,400
Speaker 1: your dad thank you for introducing you to the podcast

938
00:53:18,719 --> 00:53:22,239
Speaker 1: from us please. We got a valentine from Vlada. I

939
00:53:22,239 --> 00:53:24,319
Speaker 1: don't know if we ever thank Flada for that one.

940
00:53:24,360 --> 00:53:28,160
Speaker 1: I found it in some postcards. We got a postcard

941
00:53:28,160 --> 00:53:31,799
Speaker 1: from Grenada from Emily. Postcard from Hell Cayman Islands from

942
00:53:31,800 --> 00:53:35,600
Speaker 1: famous Tracy who we know very well. Postcard from Gisborne,

943
00:53:35,640 --> 00:53:39,640
Speaker 1: New Zealand from Susan p. Postcard of Benjamin Smythe on

944
00:53:39,719 --> 00:53:42,480
Speaker 1: the UC Berkeley campus. Cool. Have you heard of this guy?

945
00:53:42,840 --> 00:53:45,720
Speaker 1: He's just holding a sign that says you're perfect. It's nice.

946
00:53:46,080 --> 00:53:49,800
Speaker 1: Positive dude, he's wrong, but that's nice. Uh, And that

947
00:53:49,800 --> 00:53:52,759
Speaker 1: that came from Magnolia. Thanks Magnolia got a postcard from

948
00:53:52,800 --> 00:53:56,440
Speaker 1: Michelle w in Leiden, Holland, and then a postcard of

949
00:53:56,480 --> 00:54:00,480
Speaker 1: a Garotte execution in the Philippines at the turn of

950
00:54:00,480 --> 00:54:04,200
Speaker 1: the century from Cecile, who's a doctor in Manila. It's

951
00:54:04,280 --> 00:54:06,480
Speaker 1: like a guy wearing a bag over his head and

952
00:54:06,560 --> 00:54:10,440
Speaker 1: there's like a machine that looks kind of like a press,

953
00:54:11,239 --> 00:54:16,560
Speaker 1: but it's vertical. No, it's horizontal rather than vertical, and

954
00:54:16,719 --> 00:54:19,799
Speaker 1: he's being executed. Some guys are standing around, but the

955
00:54:19,960 --> 00:54:23,239
Speaker 1: executed is just sitting there holding his hat like I'm

956
00:54:23,280 --> 00:54:25,160
Speaker 1: just gonna hang onto my hat while they kill me.

957
00:54:25,200 --> 00:54:26,719
Speaker 1: Did you do you still have that? Yeah? I don't

958
00:54:26,719 --> 00:54:27,960
Speaker 1: think I saw that. I want to see that. Yeah,

959
00:54:28,000 --> 00:54:31,320
Speaker 1: it's pretty serious. But thank you everybody for all that stuff,

960
00:54:31,360 --> 00:54:34,160
Speaker 1: And thank you to everybody who has ever sent anything

961
00:54:34,320 --> 00:54:37,400
Speaker 1: that we forgot. If we did, it was a total oversight.

962
00:54:37,440 --> 00:54:39,479
Speaker 1: It has nothing to do with how we feel about

963
00:54:39,520 --> 00:54:41,920
Speaker 1: what you sent us. Send us an email and say, jerks,

964
00:54:42,000 --> 00:54:44,640
Speaker 1: I sent you this. How could you not thank me?

965
00:54:44,960 --> 00:54:49,839
Speaker 1: I love you anyway? Signed you Okay, You can send

966
00:54:49,840 --> 00:55:01,160
Speaker 1: that email to Stuff Podcast at how stuff works dot com.

967
00:55:01,200 --> 00:55:03,719
Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit

968
00:55:03,800 --> 00:55:05,719
Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. M