1 00:00:00,760 --> 00:00:03,920 Speaker 1: Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of I Heart Radio 2 00:00:04,160 --> 00:00:08,520 Speaker 1: and Grim and Mild from Aaron Minky. Listener discretion is advised. 3 00:00:16,200 --> 00:00:20,720 Speaker 1: It was six just a few days after Christmas, and 4 00:00:20,800 --> 00:00:23,639 Speaker 1: the ground at the dueling field set up behind the 5 00:00:23,680 --> 00:00:28,240 Speaker 1: Abbey de Saumarine de Champ's, was hard with frost. Thousands 6 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:31,440 Speaker 1: of people had poured in from Paris for the spectacle. 7 00:00:32,040 --> 00:00:35,320 Speaker 1: They had been there since dawn, rubbing their hands together 8 00:00:35,360 --> 00:00:39,640 Speaker 1: for warmth, watching the rising sun, waiting for the moment 9 00:00:39,920 --> 00:00:45,000 Speaker 1: the event would begin. Stands were erected on either side 10 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:49,840 Speaker 1: of the field, massive constructions with wooden rails and staircases. 11 00:00:50,360 --> 00:00:54,560 Speaker 1: One stand was for foreign nobles visiting France. They were 12 00:00:54,640 --> 00:00:59,040 Speaker 1: of course seated according to rank. A second stand was 13 00:00:59,120 --> 00:01:03,200 Speaker 1: for members of the French court. The third set of stands, 14 00:01:03,240 --> 00:01:06,959 Speaker 1: the most central, was reserved for the King himself, the 15 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:11,280 Speaker 1: young Charles the sixth, and his highest ranking nobility. He 16 00:01:11,360 --> 00:01:15,240 Speaker 1: had insisted that the duel be delayed until his return 17 00:01:15,319 --> 00:01:19,600 Speaker 1: from Flanders so he could witness it. Beneath the stands 18 00:01:19,640 --> 00:01:23,679 Speaker 1: for the nobility were benches for merchants and commoners, although 19 00:01:23,720 --> 00:01:26,399 Speaker 1: most of them were forced to stand at ground level, 20 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:29,640 Speaker 1: face to face with the wooden wall that had been 21 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:33,160 Speaker 1: built around the dueling arena. They tried to find a 22 00:01:33,240 --> 00:01:36,160 Speaker 1: spot where they could see through the planks of wood. 23 00:01:37,240 --> 00:01:41,040 Speaker 1: The dueling grounds, in a suburb of Paris, were originally 24 00:01:41,160 --> 00:01:45,759 Speaker 1: designed for jousting. They were specially converted for this singular, 25 00:01:46,160 --> 00:01:51,120 Speaker 1: rare event, a judicial duel. Two men had gone to court, 26 00:01:51,600 --> 00:01:54,280 Speaker 1: and the court had been unable to deliver a verdict, 27 00:01:54,920 --> 00:01:58,360 Speaker 1: and so the men were permitted to leave justice in 28 00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:01,920 Speaker 1: the hands of God. It would be a fight to 29 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:06,120 Speaker 1: the death, and God's favor towards the surviving party would 30 00:02:06,200 --> 00:02:10,200 Speaker 1: reveal who was innocent and who was guilty. The two 31 00:02:10,240 --> 00:02:13,880 Speaker 1: men had originally been friends. One had served as the 32 00:02:13,919 --> 00:02:18,359 Speaker 1: godfather to the other's first son, but years of bitter 33 00:02:18,440 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 1: jealousy had ruined their friendship, and then the accusation of 34 00:02:22,880 --> 00:02:27,800 Speaker 1: a final, terrible crime would lead them here. Dressed in 35 00:02:27,919 --> 00:02:33,800 Speaker 1: full armor, bearing lances, axes, swords and daggers, ready to 36 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:39,160 Speaker 1: kill and ready to die, the men took their oaths 37 00:02:39,200 --> 00:02:44,880 Speaker 1: on chairs, facing one another. The crowd remained silent. Interruptions 38 00:02:44,919 --> 00:02:49,799 Speaker 1: to the duel of any kind, exclamations, shouts, even involuntary 39 00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:54,120 Speaker 1: gasps or coughs were forbidden. On pain of losing a hand. 40 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:57,919 Speaker 1: This was a spectacle, yes, but it was also a 41 00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:03,440 Speaker 1: legal proceeding. It was God's will speaking through swords. The 42 00:03:03,520 --> 00:03:07,040 Speaker 1: men agreed to the terms and gave their final silent 43 00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:11,919 Speaker 1: prayers and mounted their horses. A page shouted for them 44 00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:18,720 Speaker 1: to ride, and the duel began. I'm Danis Schwartz, and 45 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:24,520 Speaker 1: this is noble blood. A quick note before this podcast 46 00:03:24,560 --> 00:03:29,520 Speaker 1: begins in earnest. This story includes references to alleged sexual assault. 47 00:03:30,480 --> 00:03:33,560 Speaker 1: Just heads up for any listeners who might be particularly 48 00:03:33,639 --> 00:03:41,920 Speaker 1: sensitive to that content. The France of the hundreds wasn't 49 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:44,680 Speaker 1: the same as the France we have today. It was 50 00:03:44,720 --> 00:03:47,920 Speaker 1: about a third of its modern size, and less a 51 00:03:48,040 --> 00:03:52,520 Speaker 1: united country than a loosely connected group of individual fiefdoms 52 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:56,320 Speaker 1: which were ruled over by minor lords. The minor lords 53 00:03:56,360 --> 00:04:01,200 Speaker 1: were then in turn ruled over by overlords. The former 54 00:04:01,400 --> 00:04:07,600 Speaker 1: were knights and squires. Overlords with larger land holdings would 55 00:04:07,600 --> 00:04:11,280 Speaker 1: be counts or dukes, often members of the royal family. 56 00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:16,200 Speaker 1: One of those duchies was Normandy, ruled over by the 57 00:04:16,279 --> 00:04:20,600 Speaker 1: Duke of Normandy. You might vaguely remember from a history 58 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:24,240 Speaker 1: class at some point, but in ten sixty six, Duke 59 00:04:24,320 --> 00:04:28,280 Speaker 1: William of Normandy crossed the English Channel and defeated King 60 00:04:28,360 --> 00:04:31,880 Speaker 1: Harold in the Battle of Hastings. He's now more commonly 61 00:04:31,920 --> 00:04:35,479 Speaker 1: referred to as William the conqueror, sometimes thought of as 62 00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:39,599 Speaker 1: the first King of England. But what people sometimes overlook 63 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:42,720 Speaker 1: is the fact that William, now a monarch rivaling the 64 00:04:42,800 --> 00:04:47,440 Speaker 1: King of France, still kept Normandy. For a century and 65 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:50,960 Speaker 1: a half, Normandy was in possession of the English crown. 66 00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 1: France was eventually able to win it back, but the 67 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:58,680 Speaker 1: land remained contentious, and when England crossed the channel to 68 00:04:58,760 --> 00:05:03,480 Speaker 1: reclaim it again, some nobles Normandy sided with the English. 69 00:05:03,600 --> 00:05:07,279 Speaker 1: But one incredibly old family that was always loyal to 70 00:05:07,320 --> 00:05:15,799 Speaker 1: the French crown was the Carouge family, As his father's 71 00:05:15,880 --> 00:05:19,960 Speaker 1: oldest son, Jean Carouge the fourth, was well placed to 72 00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:24,080 Speaker 1: live a respectable life among the courts of France. His father, 73 00:05:24,320 --> 00:05:27,720 Speaker 1: Jean the third, was the French equivalent of an English 74 00:05:27,720 --> 00:05:31,719 Speaker 1: Shire reeve or sheriff, and he was the captain of 75 00:05:31,760 --> 00:05:35,599 Speaker 1: the fort at Bilam. Their family line was long, but 76 00:05:35,680 --> 00:05:39,520 Speaker 1: it also carried with it a romantic and scandalous history. 77 00:05:40,520 --> 00:05:43,919 Speaker 1: Rumor had it that a distant ancestor, a man named 78 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:48,320 Speaker 1: Count Ralph had fallen in love with a sorceress, meeting 79 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:50,280 Speaker 1: her in the middle of the night at a pool 80 00:05:50,360 --> 00:05:54,800 Speaker 1: in the woods. His indiscretion was discovered by his wife, 81 00:05:55,320 --> 00:05:58,640 Speaker 1: and the next morning Ralph was found dead with his 82 00:05:58,760 --> 00:06:04,200 Speaker 1: throat cut. Somehow, the scorned wife was never actually accused 83 00:06:04,240 --> 00:06:08,280 Speaker 1: of the murder, but the very next day a mysterious 84 00:06:08,440 --> 00:06:12,719 Speaker 1: red mark appeared on her face. A few months after that, 85 00:06:13,080 --> 00:06:16,840 Speaker 1: she had a baby. When that baby, a son named Carl, 86 00:06:17,200 --> 00:06:21,400 Speaker 1: turned seven, the same red mark appeared on his face. 87 00:06:22,040 --> 00:06:24,039 Speaker 1: It was a mark that would carry down in the 88 00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:30,520 Speaker 1: family for seven generations. That first son was nicknamed Carl Larouge, 89 00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:36,320 Speaker 1: Carl the Rhett, Carl Larouge, or Carouge, but that story 90 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:39,680 Speaker 1: was more a myth than anything. It didn't affect the 91 00:06:39,800 --> 00:06:44,240 Speaker 1: family's respectability, and certainly no one considered it a portent 92 00:06:44,320 --> 00:06:48,560 Speaker 1: of violence to come. The Carouge family had several fiefs 93 00:06:48,560 --> 00:06:51,479 Speaker 1: that they controlled, and in turn they answered to the 94 00:06:51,560 --> 00:06:55,000 Speaker 1: local Count of Perish. At the time Jean Carrouge the 95 00:06:55,040 --> 00:06:58,120 Speaker 1: fourth took his oath of loyalty, the count was a 96 00:06:58,120 --> 00:07:02,080 Speaker 1: man named Robert. The young Jean swore to be loyal 97 00:07:02,120 --> 00:07:05,880 Speaker 1: to him and as was traditional, he kissed the nobleman 98 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:10,760 Speaker 1: on the lips. But Count Robert died without any heirs, 99 00:07:10,920 --> 00:07:14,760 Speaker 1: and so in thirteen seventy seven parish was inherited by 100 00:07:14,800 --> 00:07:19,440 Speaker 1: his older brother, Pierre de Lanson. Pierre was himself his 101 00:07:19,560 --> 00:07:24,520 Speaker 1: father's third son, and traditionally that would mean limited prospects, 102 00:07:24,560 --> 00:07:28,640 Speaker 1: but Pierre lucked out. His two older brothers had become 103 00:07:28,680 --> 00:07:33,160 Speaker 1: men of the cloth, rising to the esteemed rank of archbishops, 104 00:07:33,240 --> 00:07:36,440 Speaker 1: which was lovely for them but meant they couldn't inherit 105 00:07:36,600 --> 00:07:40,800 Speaker 1: land or titles, and then the death of Pierre's younger brother, 106 00:07:40,920 --> 00:07:45,000 Speaker 1: Robert meant that Pierre inherited all of his lands as well. 107 00:07:46,520 --> 00:07:49,600 Speaker 1: The new count came down to Parchet and established his 108 00:07:49,680 --> 00:07:54,760 Speaker 1: court at Argenta, where Jean Carrouge dutifully joined him. Jean 109 00:07:54,920 --> 00:07:59,280 Speaker 1: was given the mostly symbolic position of court chamberlain, a 110 00:07:59,400 --> 00:08:02,760 Speaker 1: respect of role, and he quickly made friends with another 111 00:08:02,880 --> 00:08:06,560 Speaker 1: of the new count's chamberlain's, a man named Jacques Lagree. 112 00:08:07,720 --> 00:08:11,920 Speaker 1: Lagree was from a slightly less esteemed family. His father 113 00:08:12,040 --> 00:08:16,040 Speaker 1: was a minor squire, but Lagree was well educated, which 114 00:08:16,080 --> 00:08:19,000 Speaker 1: was unusual and which even led to him taking minor 115 00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:23,840 Speaker 1: clerical orders. He was considered affable and usually noted as 116 00:08:23,920 --> 00:08:28,720 Speaker 1: being particularly strong and tall. He was also rumored to 117 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:33,120 Speaker 1: be a slight womanizer. Him taking minor clerical orders didn't 118 00:08:33,160 --> 00:08:36,240 Speaker 1: forbid him from getting married and bearing at least a 119 00:08:36,240 --> 00:08:40,600 Speaker 1: few heirs. Jean likes Lagree well enough that after he 120 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:43,800 Speaker 1: got married and had a son, he named Jacques Lagree 121 00:08:43,840 --> 00:08:48,600 Speaker 1: the baby's godfather, a majorly important role in the thirteen hundreds. 122 00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:53,199 Speaker 1: But Jean gar Rouge wasn't the only one charmed by Lagree. 123 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:57,640 Speaker 1: Count Pierre almost immediately took a liking to him, honoring 124 00:08:57,720 --> 00:09:01,760 Speaker 1: him with court positions and gifts, spending time with him. 125 00:09:01,800 --> 00:09:05,200 Speaker 1: It was obvious to everyone in court that Lagree was 126 00:09:05,240 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 1: the Count's favorite and that he would quickly be advancing 127 00:09:09,040 --> 00:09:14,720 Speaker 1: in the political ranks beyond his title of chamberlain. Lagree 128 00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:17,439 Speaker 1: was granted the position of captain at the fourth of 129 00:09:17,679 --> 00:09:22,439 Speaker 1: m and the Count gave him an extravagant gift, an estate, 130 00:09:23,080 --> 00:09:30,880 Speaker 1: a very nice estate called annual Fouqon friendships sometimes fall apart. 131 00:09:31,520 --> 00:09:35,120 Speaker 1: The two men, Jean Carrouge and Jacques Lagree, we're about 132 00:09:35,160 --> 00:09:37,560 Speaker 1: the same age, and they have been more or less 133 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:42,079 Speaker 1: social equals until they weren't they're slow drift away from 134 00:09:42,080 --> 00:09:46,160 Speaker 1: one another became even more pronounced. In thirteen eighty, when 135 00:09:46,240 --> 00:09:50,679 Speaker 1: Jean was dealing with personal tragedy. Both his wife and 136 00:09:50,920 --> 00:09:54,360 Speaker 1: his only child, the son that Lagres had once held 137 00:09:54,400 --> 00:10:00,160 Speaker 1: as godfather, died. Torn apart by grief and frustration and 138 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:04,040 Speaker 1: at his middling position in Count Pierre's court, Jean Carouge 139 00:10:04,080 --> 00:10:07,040 Speaker 1: went off on a military campaign to try to bolster 140 00:10:07,160 --> 00:10:11,199 Speaker 1: his reputation. Over the five months that he was serving 141 00:10:11,280 --> 00:10:14,200 Speaker 1: under the king's command, John did manage to raise his 142 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:18,000 Speaker 1: profile slightly, and he became known as a respectable soldier. 143 00:10:18,760 --> 00:10:21,520 Speaker 1: But also in the time of way, Jehan came to 144 00:10:21,600 --> 00:10:25,200 Speaker 1: understand the painful truth of the risk he was taking 145 00:10:25,240 --> 00:10:29,640 Speaker 1: out on the battlefield. He had no living heirs, and 146 00:10:29,720 --> 00:10:33,040 Speaker 1: if he died, the Carouge name would die with him, 147 00:10:33,080 --> 00:10:36,520 Speaker 1: all of the property, the reputation that his family had 148 00:10:36,559 --> 00:10:41,600 Speaker 1: built up for generations. It would disappear, inherited by someone else, 149 00:10:42,040 --> 00:10:46,040 Speaker 1: someone with a different family name and a different family line. 150 00:10:47,320 --> 00:10:50,560 Speaker 1: So when Jean Carouge returned home after half a year away, 151 00:10:51,080 --> 00:10:53,880 Speaker 1: it was with the determination that he would find a 152 00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:58,160 Speaker 1: bride as quickly as possible, and he did a young 153 00:10:58,200 --> 00:11:02,240 Speaker 1: woman named Marguerite de Thibe, likely still a teenager at 154 00:11:02,240 --> 00:11:07,280 Speaker 1: the time. Marguerite was described by contemporary sources as being 155 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:12,120 Speaker 1: wealthy and very beautiful. The latter was a perk. The 156 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:15,640 Speaker 1: former was essential for Jean Carouge. Though he had a 157 00:11:15,640 --> 00:11:18,960 Speaker 1: good family name, he didn't quite have the wealth to 158 00:11:19,080 --> 00:11:23,600 Speaker 1: match Marguerite in that regard was a perfect fit for him. 159 00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:28,000 Speaker 1: Her family was rich, but their reputation was a little tarnished. 160 00:11:28,520 --> 00:11:31,120 Speaker 1: His father was a Norman who had sided with the 161 00:11:31,160 --> 00:11:34,800 Speaker 1: English in the fight against the French king. A marriage 162 00:11:34,800 --> 00:11:38,640 Speaker 1: with the karuga Is, an old and loyal family, would 163 00:11:38,640 --> 00:11:45,760 Speaker 1: help bolster Marguerite's family's reputation. Jacques Lagree wasn't present at 164 00:11:45,760 --> 00:11:49,960 Speaker 1: the wedding, nor at any of the celebratory festivities that followed, 165 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:54,920 Speaker 1: but the relationship between Jean and Lagree would soon become 166 00:11:55,080 --> 00:12:01,200 Speaker 1: even more strained. In marrying Marguerite Thibeville, Jean Carouge was 167 00:12:01,320 --> 00:12:05,319 Speaker 1: especially hoping that her dowry would include her father's lovely 168 00:12:05,559 --> 00:12:10,720 Speaker 1: estate at Anneure Faucon. There was only one problem. Those 169 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:13,959 Speaker 1: lands had been purchased by Count Pierre a few years 170 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:18,679 Speaker 1: prior for eight thousand livres. Jean tried to wrestle the 171 00:12:18,800 --> 00:12:22,000 Speaker 1: lands back from Pierre, even going so far as to 172 00:12:22,040 --> 00:12:25,920 Speaker 1: take him to court. The issue became so heated that 173 00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:29,400 Speaker 1: eventually Pierre had to go to his cousin, the king, 174 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:34,480 Speaker 1: to once and for all established the formal written royal 175 00:12:34,520 --> 00:12:39,200 Speaker 1: approval for the purchase of the lands. And here's the kicker. 176 00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:44,120 Speaker 1: Perhaps you remember, Count Pierre had already given the land 177 00:12:44,160 --> 00:12:48,520 Speaker 1: away as a gift to his favorite chamberlain, Jacques Lagree. 178 00:12:52,480 --> 00:12:56,240 Speaker 1: So the relationship between Jacques Lagree and Jean Carorouge at 179 00:12:56,280 --> 00:12:59,760 Speaker 1: this point was bitter, and from this point on, the 180 00:13:00,000 --> 00:13:05,079 Speaker 1: relationship between Jean and Count Pierre would be downright antagonistic. 181 00:13:05,760 --> 00:13:08,880 Speaker 1: Over the next three years, the two men would be 182 00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:13,320 Speaker 1: embroiled in legal battle after legal battle. After the death 183 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:16,960 Speaker 1: of his father, Jean would sue the Count again because 184 00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:20,360 Speaker 1: Jean had been expecting to inherit his father's position as 185 00:13:20,440 --> 00:13:24,400 Speaker 1: captain of the castle at Bilm. After the death of 186 00:13:24,440 --> 00:13:28,280 Speaker 1: his father, Jean sued the Count again because Jean had 187 00:13:28,320 --> 00:13:32,200 Speaker 1: been expecting to inherit his father's position as captain of 188 00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:35,840 Speaker 1: the Fort of Biln. That was traditionally how things went 189 00:13:35,960 --> 00:13:39,439 Speaker 1: at the time, and for what it was worth Lagree 190 00:13:39,520 --> 00:13:43,240 Speaker 1: had already been made captain of a fort, but disliking 191 00:13:43,360 --> 00:13:46,880 Speaker 1: Jean Carrouge, the count passed him over, and the Count 192 00:13:46,880 --> 00:13:49,720 Speaker 1: would spite him yet again when he would deny Jean 193 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:53,439 Speaker 1: permission to buy a few neighboring fiefs to expand his holdings. 194 00:13:54,679 --> 00:13:59,000 Speaker 1: All the while Jens resentment and jealousy towards Lagris simmered 195 00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:03,000 Speaker 1: a very slight that Count Pierre made toward him, Jean 196 00:14:03,080 --> 00:14:07,559 Speaker 1: imagined Lagres behind it, whispering in the Count's ear, influencing 197 00:14:07,640 --> 00:14:12,360 Speaker 1: him against him. But even pre enemies can sometimes find 198 00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:16,880 Speaker 1: ways to mend fences, and in thirteen eighty three, Jean 199 00:14:16,920 --> 00:14:21,040 Speaker 1: Carouge and Jacques Lagree found themselves at the same party 200 00:14:21,240 --> 00:14:24,560 Speaker 1: thrown by a squire named Jean Crispin. The two men 201 00:14:24,640 --> 00:14:27,560 Speaker 1: saw each other from across the room. They were both 202 00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:32,360 Speaker 1: wearing their family colors, Causian red with silver accents and 203 00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:36,720 Speaker 1: Lagree in silver with red. They shook hands and Jean 204 00:14:36,800 --> 00:14:40,880 Speaker 1: politely introduced Lagree to his wife, Marguerite, for the first time. 205 00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:46,280 Speaker 1: Lagree was charmed onlookers remarked how taken he had seemed 206 00:14:46,320 --> 00:14:51,600 Speaker 1: by Marguerite. The next year, Carouge went on another campaign 207 00:14:51,720 --> 00:14:56,720 Speaker 1: to bolster his reputation. Though that military expedition itself was 208 00:14:56,760 --> 00:14:59,880 Speaker 1: a failure, and Carouge lost five of his nine men 209 00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:02,880 Speaker 1: along with a good amount of his money, he still 210 00:15:02,920 --> 00:15:06,480 Speaker 1: came out fairly well in terms of his reputation. He 211 00:15:06,520 --> 00:15:09,240 Speaker 1: was even awarded a knighthood on the field of battle. 212 00:15:09,960 --> 00:15:13,600 Speaker 1: Now Jean was technically higher rank than Jacques Lagree, who 213 00:15:13,640 --> 00:15:17,280 Speaker 1: was still a squire, but John was also close to bankrupt, 214 00:15:17,640 --> 00:15:19,840 Speaker 1: and by the time he returned to Parchet he was 215 00:15:20,240 --> 00:15:24,880 Speaker 1: exhausted and resentful, especially once he became aware of how 216 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:28,840 Speaker 1: much higher Laguis Starr had risen socially in the time 217 00:15:28,880 --> 00:15:31,760 Speaker 1: he was gone, and how much money Lagree had been 218 00:15:31,760 --> 00:15:36,480 Speaker 1: given by generous noblemen. Jean was barely home a fortnight 219 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:39,400 Speaker 1: before he had to continue on to Paris in order 220 00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:43,040 Speaker 1: to collect his back wages. He left his wife, Marguerite, 221 00:15:43,080 --> 00:15:46,080 Speaker 1: staying with his own mother, her mother in law, Nicole. 222 00:15:47,280 --> 00:15:51,560 Speaker 1: It was during this brief trip that everything would change. 223 00:15:52,080 --> 00:15:55,920 Speaker 1: Jacques Lagree would allegedly commit the crime that would send 224 00:15:56,000 --> 00:16:00,400 Speaker 1: him and Jean Carrouge on the unstoppable path towards battle 225 00:16:00,560 --> 00:16:09,520 Speaker 1: to the death. Marguerite recounted the story later on January 226 00:16:11,360 --> 00:16:15,480 Speaker 1: eighty six, Jacques Lagree squire, a man named Adam Lovell, 227 00:16:15,920 --> 00:16:19,840 Speaker 1: knocked on the door. Typically, a servant would have answered 228 00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:22,800 Speaker 1: the door, but Marguerite's mother in law was attending to 229 00:16:22,840 --> 00:16:25,640 Speaker 1: business in the next town over, and she had taken 230 00:16:25,640 --> 00:16:28,920 Speaker 1: most of the servants with her, and so Margaret opened 231 00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:32,720 Speaker 1: the door herself to find Lovell, who bowed deeply and 232 00:16:32,800 --> 00:16:35,840 Speaker 1: informed her that Jacques Lagree had come to call on her. 233 00:16:36,640 --> 00:16:39,880 Speaker 1: Jacques knew that her husband was away, he loved her, 234 00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:43,720 Speaker 1: and he wanted to see her. Marguerite told the squire 235 00:16:43,800 --> 00:16:47,160 Speaker 1: that she had no interest in seeing Lagree, but Lagree 236 00:16:47,240 --> 00:16:51,920 Speaker 1: came forward anyway and forced himself through the door. He 237 00:16:52,080 --> 00:16:56,080 Speaker 1: offered Marguerite money in exchange for sex, which she refused, 238 00:16:56,720 --> 00:17:00,880 Speaker 1: and then Jacques Lagree raped Marguerite on her bed while 239 00:17:00,920 --> 00:17:04,199 Speaker 1: his squire helped hold her down. He told her that 240 00:17:04,280 --> 00:17:07,240 Speaker 1: he would kill her if she told anyone, and then 241 00:17:07,280 --> 00:17:12,280 Speaker 1: he left and closed the door behind him. Marguerite was silent, 242 00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:16,520 Speaker 1: drowning in the shame and terror, until her husband returned 243 00:17:16,560 --> 00:17:19,959 Speaker 1: a few days later. She barely looked at him throughout 244 00:17:19,960 --> 00:17:23,040 Speaker 1: dinner and couldn't offer more than a word. The rest 245 00:17:23,080 --> 00:17:26,679 Speaker 1: of the evening while they prepared for bed. Only after 246 00:17:26,800 --> 00:17:30,080 Speaker 1: everyone in the house was asleep that night did Marguerite 247 00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:32,480 Speaker 1: fling herself on to her knees at the side of 248 00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:37,280 Speaker 1: her husband's bed. Weeping, she told him everything that had happened. 249 00:17:38,440 --> 00:17:42,000 Speaker 1: Barely able to contain his rage, John summoned a group 250 00:17:42,040 --> 00:17:46,080 Speaker 1: of his friends courtiers, including his mother and Marguerite's family. 251 00:17:46,800 --> 00:17:50,240 Speaker 1: This was, after all, her virtue and their honor on 252 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:55,160 Speaker 1: the line. Marguerite repeated her story exactly how it happened 253 00:17:55,400 --> 00:17:59,119 Speaker 1: to the assembled group. Should you have told me a falsehood, 254 00:17:59,320 --> 00:18:02,280 Speaker 1: Jan said to his wife, nevermore shall you live with me? 255 00:18:03,040 --> 00:18:06,480 Speaker 1: Marguerite shook her head. Everything she had said was true. 256 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:13,480 Speaker 1: Then Jean said, stoically, the squire shall die. The brain 257 00:18:13,520 --> 00:18:17,240 Speaker 1: trust of friends and family that John had assembled filed 258 00:18:17,280 --> 00:18:21,800 Speaker 1: formal charges against Lagres at Count Pierre's court, but neither 259 00:18:21,960 --> 00:18:25,200 Speaker 1: Jean nor Marguerite went to the count in person. They 260 00:18:25,200 --> 00:18:27,880 Speaker 1: were well aware that there was no chance that Count 261 00:18:27,960 --> 00:18:31,399 Speaker 1: Pierre would ever rule against his favorite in favor of 262 00:18:31,400 --> 00:18:35,600 Speaker 1: a man he hated, and they were right. Count Pierre 263 00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:40,639 Speaker 1: dismissed the charges almost immediately, and so Jean Carrouge took 264 00:18:40,680 --> 00:18:47,720 Speaker 1: his grievance to the king. The King of France at 265 00:18:47,720 --> 00:18:50,680 Speaker 1: this time was a young Charles the six a man 266 00:18:50,760 --> 00:18:54,200 Speaker 1: we've talked about in this podcast, particularly in the context 267 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:58,000 Speaker 1: of the tragic Ball of the Burning Men, a party 268 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:01,520 Speaker 1: during which several of his courtiers would burn to death 269 00:19:01,680 --> 00:19:06,520 Speaker 1: when their wild man costumes caught on fire. But that 270 00:19:06,600 --> 00:19:09,440 Speaker 1: tragedy would still be several years in the future at 271 00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:12,399 Speaker 1: this point, and it would be several more years after 272 00:19:12,480 --> 00:19:17,960 Speaker 1: that before Charles the sixth madness would emerge. At this point, 273 00:19:18,040 --> 00:19:20,640 Speaker 1: he was just a young king willing to hear out 274 00:19:20,720 --> 00:19:24,760 Speaker 1: the accusations from one night against one squire. The case 275 00:19:24,840 --> 00:19:29,960 Speaker 1: met before Parliament on July nine, eighty six. Jacques Lagree, 276 00:19:30,200 --> 00:19:34,840 Speaker 1: denying everything, outraged at the very accusation, hired a man 277 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:37,800 Speaker 1: widely considered to be the best lawyer of the time, 278 00:19:38,080 --> 00:19:41,320 Speaker 1: a man named Jean the Cook. The Cook's notes are 279 00:19:41,480 --> 00:19:45,120 Speaker 1: one of historian's main sources of details for the proceeding 280 00:19:45,240 --> 00:19:48,840 Speaker 1: of the trial. His notes also mentioned for the record 281 00:19:49,240 --> 00:19:52,959 Speaker 1: that even though he was defending Lagree, he had doubts 282 00:19:53,000 --> 00:19:56,720 Speaker 1: as to whether Lagres was actually as innocent as he claimed. 283 00:19:57,560 --> 00:20:01,879 Speaker 1: Lagreise family perhaps also doubt being his innocence. Tried to 284 00:20:01,920 --> 00:20:05,399 Speaker 1: get him to insist on being tried through the Church, which, 285 00:20:05,520 --> 00:20:08,160 Speaker 1: because he was a cleric in the Minor Orders, would 286 00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:12,240 Speaker 1: be his right. The Church probably would be more sympathetic 287 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:15,840 Speaker 1: to him and it would remove the option of deadly 288 00:20:15,960 --> 00:20:21,040 Speaker 1: trial by combat, But Lagris refused. He was innocent, he said, 289 00:20:21,440 --> 00:20:25,040 Speaker 1: and he wanted to challenge the accusations against him directly. 290 00:20:26,359 --> 00:20:30,480 Speaker 1: Before the men presented their cases, Jean Carrouge threw a 291 00:20:30,560 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: glove to the floor, literally throwing down a gauntlet, challenging 292 00:20:35,440 --> 00:20:39,879 Speaker 1: Lagree to a duel. Lagres picked it up, symbolically accepting. 293 00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:43,600 Speaker 1: The king ruled that a trial by combat would only 294 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:46,320 Speaker 1: be permitted if the court could not come to a 295 00:20:46,400 --> 00:20:51,200 Speaker 1: definitive verdict. In the meantime, they heard the evidence. Adam 296 00:20:51,280 --> 00:20:55,280 Speaker 1: Lovell and all of Lagree's servants testified, all defending their 297 00:20:55,320 --> 00:20:59,680 Speaker 1: master against the accusations against him. When Jacques Lagree testified 298 00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:02,720 Speaker 1: himsel elf, he talked about how Jean had always been 299 00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:05,480 Speaker 1: jealous of him and how he was famous for having 300 00:21:05,480 --> 00:21:08,560 Speaker 1: a temper. He said that he believed Jehan had made 301 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:11,879 Speaker 1: up this entire story, and threatened to beat his wife 302 00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,680 Speaker 1: if she didn't go along with it. Plus, it would 303 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:17,680 Speaker 1: have been impossible for him to ride that far fifty 304 00:21:17,720 --> 00:21:21,800 Speaker 1: miles round trip in one evening in the snow, and besides, 305 00:21:21,840 --> 00:21:27,000 Speaker 1: he had an alibi. I'm cross examination those last points 306 00:21:27,080 --> 00:21:30,480 Speaker 1: hit a bit of a snag. Lagres admitted that a 307 00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:34,680 Speaker 1: man of his resources and riding ability would in fact 308 00:21:34,720 --> 00:21:37,919 Speaker 1: have been able to ride fifty miles round trip, even 309 00:21:37,960 --> 00:21:42,720 Speaker 1: in the snow. And slightly more damning, one of the 310 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:46,360 Speaker 1: men who was supposed to corroborate his alibi couldn't make 311 00:21:46,400 --> 00:21:49,720 Speaker 1: it to court because he himself had been arrested in 312 00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:55,640 Speaker 1: Paris during the trial, arrested for rape. But the most 313 00:21:55,680 --> 00:22:00,280 Speaker 1: important testimony of all came from Marguerite herself. Mar Great 314 00:22:00,440 --> 00:22:03,639 Speaker 1: was visibly pregnant when she took the stand, although because 315 00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:06,960 Speaker 1: medical science at the time believed that a woman couldn't 316 00:22:06,960 --> 00:22:11,240 Speaker 1: conceive from rape, that wasn't considered a relevant piece of evidence. 317 00:22:11,880 --> 00:22:14,639 Speaker 1: But the very fact that Marguerite was telling the world 318 00:22:14,720 --> 00:22:18,680 Speaker 1: what had happened to her at all was considered powerful evidence. 319 00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:23,320 Speaker 1: It would be scandalous and shameful to her family. Why 320 00:22:23,359 --> 00:22:25,640 Speaker 1: would a woman ever go through all of this if 321 00:22:25,640 --> 00:22:30,919 Speaker 1: it wasn't true? The court deliberated, and they came to 322 00:22:30,960 --> 00:22:35,840 Speaker 1: their decision, or rather their nondecision, the case would be 323 00:22:35,960 --> 00:22:39,800 Speaker 1: left in the hands of God. Jean Carrouge and Jacques 324 00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:43,879 Speaker 1: Lagree would have a trial by combat, and it wasn't 325 00:22:43,960 --> 00:22:47,880 Speaker 1: just the men's lives at stake. If Lagree was victorious, 326 00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:57,320 Speaker 1: Marguerite would burn at the stake for perjury. The duel 327 00:22:57,440 --> 00:23:01,280 Speaker 1: was originally scheduled for November of that year, but King 328 00:23:01,359 --> 00:23:05,640 Speaker 1: Charles demanded that it be pushed back until December twenty nine, 329 00:23:05,720 --> 00:23:08,840 Speaker 1: when he would be back from a campaign in Flanders. 330 00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:12,320 Speaker 1: He didn't want to miss what was quickly becoming the 331 00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:16,959 Speaker 1: most exciting event of the year. Between the time that 332 00:23:17,040 --> 00:23:20,200 Speaker 1: the trial happened and the duel would take place, both 333 00:23:20,280 --> 00:23:24,040 Speaker 1: Marguerite and King Charles his wife, the young Queen Isabeau, 334 00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:28,639 Speaker 1: gave birth to sons. Marguerite's son was healthy, but the 335 00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:31,840 Speaker 1: young Prince was ill, and he died just a day 336 00:23:31,880 --> 00:23:35,720 Speaker 1: before the duel was scheduled to take place. Rather than 337 00:23:35,800 --> 00:23:40,360 Speaker 1: shroud the palace in mourning, King Charles the six, perhaps 338 00:23:40,400 --> 00:23:44,919 Speaker 1: already showing an early stage of madness, became frenzied. He 339 00:23:45,040 --> 00:23:49,440 Speaker 1: demanded an endless dream of parties and festivities that would 340 00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:54,159 Speaker 1: culminate in the massive event of the judicial duel. The 341 00:23:54,320 --> 00:23:58,640 Speaker 1: stands were teeming with people, noblemen, both French and from 342 00:23:58,680 --> 00:24:03,080 Speaker 1: around Europe. Separate stands were built for women with specially 343 00:24:03,119 --> 00:24:06,960 Speaker 1: made aisles to make it easier for ladies overcome from 344 00:24:06,960 --> 00:24:11,600 Speaker 1: the blood or violence to excuse themselves. On the ground, 345 00:24:11,920 --> 00:24:14,920 Speaker 1: peasants and merchants elbowed each other to try to get 346 00:24:14,960 --> 00:24:19,280 Speaker 1: better views. Marguerite wore black and she sat in the 347 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:22,719 Speaker 1: carriage overlooking the field where the duel would be taking place. 348 00:24:23,560 --> 00:24:28,000 Speaker 1: Her husband approached her moments before he went to the field. Lady, 349 00:24:28,200 --> 00:24:31,440 Speaker 1: from your accusation and in your quarrel, I am thus 350 00:24:31,480 --> 00:24:35,679 Speaker 1: adventuring my life to combat Jacques Lagree. He said, you 351 00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:39,960 Speaker 1: know whether my cause be loyal and true. Marguerite, knowing 352 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:43,560 Speaker 1: full well with this battle risked for both of them, replied, 353 00:24:44,480 --> 00:24:47,439 Speaker 1: my lord, it is so, and you may fight securely 354 00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:51,520 Speaker 1: for your cause is good. Both men that came onto 355 00:24:51,520 --> 00:24:55,800 Speaker 1: the dueling ground from opposite sides, wearing full metal armor, 356 00:24:56,280 --> 00:24:59,520 Speaker 1: each was armed with a lance, a long sword and 357 00:24:59,680 --> 00:25:03,360 Speaker 1: at and a dagger. They each also carried with them 358 00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:06,679 Speaker 1: a jug of wine, some bread coins to pay for 359 00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:09,240 Speaker 1: the use of the field. And a fodder for their 360 00:25:09,240 --> 00:25:12,320 Speaker 1: horse on the off chance at the battle would require 361 00:25:12,359 --> 00:25:15,120 Speaker 1: them to stop for the night and then start again 362 00:25:15,160 --> 00:25:20,960 Speaker 1: the next morning. Sitting on throne like chairs on raised platforms, 363 00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:24,520 Speaker 1: both men swore an oath in front of the silent crowd. 364 00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:29,080 Speaker 1: This was a legal proceeding. Anyone who disturbed the duel 365 00:25:29,119 --> 00:25:32,040 Speaker 1: by entering the field of battle would be put to death. 366 00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:36,199 Speaker 1: Anyone who disturbed the proceeding by shouting or crying out 367 00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:40,399 Speaker 1: would risk losing a hand. So though the field was 368 00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:44,879 Speaker 1: teeming with spectators, it was an eerie and silent place. 369 00:25:45,840 --> 00:25:49,040 Speaker 1: Soon it would only be filled with the sound of horses, 370 00:25:49,080 --> 00:25:55,359 Speaker 1: hoofs and clashing metal. Both men prepared, adjusting their lances, 371 00:25:55,640 --> 00:26:00,119 Speaker 1: mounting their horses, and then a herald cried out, do 372 00:26:00,280 --> 00:26:08,040 Speaker 1: your duty, and the duel began. They charged at each other, 373 00:26:08,280 --> 00:26:11,840 Speaker 1: both with their lances drawn, and both broke their lances 374 00:26:11,960 --> 00:26:15,280 Speaker 1: on the other's shield. They continued to loop around on 375 00:26:15,320 --> 00:26:20,640 Speaker 1: their horses, this time swinging their battle axes at one another. Lagree, 376 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:23,800 Speaker 1: the stronger man was able to get a killing blow 377 00:26:23,840 --> 00:26:27,439 Speaker 1: with his axe to the neck of Caruge's horse, but Cauge, 378 00:26:27,800 --> 00:26:31,000 Speaker 1: leaping safely from his dying mount, was able to kill 379 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:34,920 Speaker 1: Agrees horse from the ground. Now the men were facing 380 00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:39,080 Speaker 1: off on foot with their long swords. Carug slipped and 381 00:26:39,119 --> 00:26:42,159 Speaker 1: fell to the ground, and Lagree approached and managed to 382 00:26:42,200 --> 00:26:45,880 Speaker 1: stab him in the thigh. But even bleeding and writhing 383 00:26:45,920 --> 00:26:49,919 Speaker 1: in pain, John was determined. Still on the ground, his 384 00:26:50,040 --> 00:26:53,920 Speaker 1: thigh in open wound, he grabbed Lagree by his armor 385 00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:58,160 Speaker 1: and pulled him off balance. Lagree fell onto his back, 386 00:26:58,720 --> 00:27:01,879 Speaker 1: his armor two v to allow him to rise again. 387 00:27:02,880 --> 00:27:06,240 Speaker 1: Now Jean Carrouge had the upper hand. He tried to 388 00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,720 Speaker 1: stab Lagree through his metal armor, but the plating was 389 00:27:09,800 --> 00:27:13,960 Speaker 1: too thick, and so Jean straddled his enemy and used 390 00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:17,200 Speaker 1: the handle of his small dagger to break the face 391 00:27:17,280 --> 00:27:20,840 Speaker 1: plate on the front of Lagrez's helmet. With his sharp 392 00:27:20,920 --> 00:27:25,240 Speaker 1: dagger inches from Lagree's eye, Jean Carorouge asked Lagree to 393 00:27:25,320 --> 00:27:29,199 Speaker 1: confess what he did in the name of God, and 394 00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:32,920 Speaker 1: on the peril and damnation of my soul, I am innocent, 395 00:27:33,359 --> 00:27:37,800 Speaker 1: Jacques Lagree responded. Jean Carrouge didn't need to hear anything else. 396 00:27:38,640 --> 00:27:44,359 Speaker 1: He stabbed Lagree in the neck and killed him. Stumbling, 397 00:27:44,480 --> 00:27:47,560 Speaker 1: he rose to his feet. Have I done my duty? 398 00:27:47,840 --> 00:27:51,840 Speaker 1: He asked? The court. Still shaking, he pulled off his 399 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:55,440 Speaker 1: helmet and knelt before the king. For his victory, King 400 00:27:55,520 --> 00:27:58,960 Speaker 1: Charles gifted him a thousand livres and an annual income 401 00:27:58,960 --> 00:28:03,560 Speaker 1: of two dred livres a year. Still weary, woozy, and exhausted, 402 00:28:04,000 --> 00:28:08,200 Speaker 1: caruge was cleaned up and he went to greet his wife. Together, 403 00:28:08,400 --> 00:28:10,880 Speaker 1: they rode in the carriage to Notre Dame in Paris, 404 00:28:11,240 --> 00:28:14,639 Speaker 1: where they knelt in prayer side by side to thank 405 00:28:14,720 --> 00:28:23,040 Speaker 1: God for their victory. Winning the judicial duel would make 406 00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:26,840 Speaker 1: Jean Carouge something of a national celebrity. He would receive 407 00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:30,000 Speaker 1: another six thousand livres in gold, and the king would 408 00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:33,320 Speaker 1: give him a prestigious position in the royal household as 409 00:28:33,359 --> 00:28:37,320 Speaker 1: a chevalier donner or a bodyguard for the king. It 410 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:40,760 Speaker 1: was a raise both in income and in social standing. 411 00:28:41,320 --> 00:28:44,000 Speaker 1: If you happen to recall from the episode on Charles 412 00:28:44,040 --> 00:28:47,800 Speaker 1: the sixth and his madness, later in Charless life, he 413 00:28:47,840 --> 00:28:51,120 Speaker 1: would have an episode of madness in the woods, lashing 414 00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:54,520 Speaker 1: out at those around him. John would actually be one 415 00:28:54,520 --> 00:28:58,200 Speaker 1: of those men who at the time managed to subdue him. 416 00:28:58,360 --> 00:29:00,840 Speaker 1: Jehan would continue to try to get the estate a 417 00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:04,200 Speaker 1: new le foucant again and again the estate that he 418 00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:08,120 Speaker 1: had so desperately wanted for so long. But Count Pierre 419 00:29:08,320 --> 00:29:12,200 Speaker 1: would never yield, and he would never forgive Jean Carrouge 420 00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:17,960 Speaker 1: for killing his friend Jacques Lagree. As for Jacques, after 421 00:29:18,000 --> 00:29:21,280 Speaker 1: he died on the battlefield, his corpse was dragged to 422 00:29:21,360 --> 00:29:26,960 Speaker 1: the gallows. He already dead, was hanged. Hanging after all 423 00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:30,280 Speaker 1: was the sentence for rape, and by virtue of losing 424 00:29:30,320 --> 00:29:41,240 Speaker 1: the duel, Jacques Lagree had been found guilty. That's the 425 00:29:41,280 --> 00:29:44,360 Speaker 1: story of the bloody trial by combat between Jean Carrouge 426 00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:47,560 Speaker 1: and Jacques Lagree. But keep listening after a brief sponsor 427 00:29:47,600 --> 00:29:50,040 Speaker 1: break to hear a little bit more about how the 428 00:29:50,080 --> 00:29:53,840 Speaker 1: story has been told throughout history. And on a quick 429 00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:57,200 Speaker 1: personal note, I just want to thank everyone who's supported 430 00:29:57,200 --> 00:29:59,880 Speaker 1: the show and listened to it. I've had a wonderful 431 00:30:00,080 --> 00:30:02,560 Speaker 1: year getting to create these stories and write them and 432 00:30:02,600 --> 00:30:05,200 Speaker 1: read them, and I'm looking forward to being able to 433 00:30:05,240 --> 00:30:08,120 Speaker 1: continue doing it in two. If you want to support 434 00:30:08,160 --> 00:30:11,120 Speaker 1: the show, we have a Patreon, Patreon dot com slash 435 00:30:11,120 --> 00:30:14,920 Speaker 1: Noble Blood Tales where I publish episode scripts for the 436 00:30:14,920 --> 00:30:18,640 Speaker 1: episodes and also do mini series. I'm going over episode 437 00:30:18,640 --> 00:30:21,160 Speaker 1: by episode with my friends of the Showtime show The 438 00:30:21,200 --> 00:30:24,840 Speaker 1: Tutors and the c W show Rain. Also, if you 439 00:30:24,880 --> 00:30:27,960 Speaker 1: want to support me, I have a book available for preorder. 440 00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,680 Speaker 1: It's a young adult novel called Anatomy, a love story 441 00:30:30,720 --> 00:30:34,200 Speaker 1: about the dawn of surgery in nineteen century Edinburgh. And 442 00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:37,480 Speaker 1: if you're interested sort of in the bloody history of 443 00:30:37,520 --> 00:30:40,600 Speaker 1: this podcast, I really think it will interest you. Also, 444 00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:43,880 Speaker 1: I think there are a few spots left on the 445 00:30:43,920 --> 00:30:47,640 Speaker 1: common grounds Pilgrimage that I'm leading this spring to London 446 00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:51,960 Speaker 1: and Sussex discussing Mary Shelley and Frankenstein. I am so excited. 447 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,960 Speaker 1: It's an amazing company that I'm doing it with. It's 448 00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:57,560 Speaker 1: a few days of just reading and walking and talking 449 00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:00,240 Speaker 1: and writing. There's a link to sign up in the 450 00:31:00,280 --> 00:31:10,320 Speaker 1: episode bio. The duel between Jean Carrouge and Jacques Lagris 451 00:31:10,600 --> 00:31:13,840 Speaker 1: was infamous. In the generations to come, there would be 452 00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:16,840 Speaker 1: countless accounts of what had taken place, in addition to 453 00:31:17,400 --> 00:31:21,000 Speaker 1: countless scholars and legal minds who attempted to figure out 454 00:31:21,080 --> 00:31:24,280 Speaker 1: whether Jacques Lagar was actually guilty or whether he was 455 00:31:24,320 --> 00:31:29,719 Speaker 1: falsely accused. Two religious chronicles recount a story about Marguerite 456 00:31:29,760 --> 00:31:33,240 Speaker 1: on her deathbed confessing that the rape had actually been 457 00:31:33,320 --> 00:31:36,880 Speaker 1: at the hands of another man. But those stories are 458 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:41,040 Speaker 1: just hearsay and conjecture, and there's no real evidence of that. 459 00:31:41,840 --> 00:31:46,520 Speaker 1: Even still, up until the nineteen seventies, the Encyclopedia Britannica 460 00:31:46,920 --> 00:31:50,200 Speaker 1: published those claims in their account of the trial, which 461 00:31:50,280 --> 00:31:55,240 Speaker 1: was described in their entry for the word duel. Even now, 462 00:31:55,400 --> 00:31:59,560 Speaker 1: certain aspects of the story as it's retold aren't exactly true. 463 00:32:00,200 --> 00:32:03,120 Speaker 1: Take the title of the brand new Ridley Scott film 464 00:32:03,160 --> 00:32:05,280 Speaker 1: about this event and the book it was based on, 465 00:32:05,720 --> 00:32:09,200 Speaker 1: the Last Duel. Though this was one of the last 466 00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:13,400 Speaker 1: major trials by combat, the actual last duel in France 467 00:32:13,520 --> 00:32:26,240 Speaker 1: would be two hundred years later in fifte Noble Blood 468 00:32:26,320 --> 00:32:28,560 Speaker 1: is a production of I Heart Radio and Grimm and 469 00:32:28,640 --> 00:32:31,800 Speaker 1: Mild from Aaron Minky. The show was written and hosted 470 00:32:31,800 --> 00:32:37,080 Speaker 1: by Dana Schwartz. Executive producers include Aaron Mankey, Alex Williams, 471 00:32:37,200 --> 00:32:40,680 Speaker 1: and Matt Frederick. The show is produced by rema Ill 472 00:32:40,760 --> 00:32:44,360 Speaker 1: Kali and Trevor Young. Noble Blood is on social media 473 00:32:44,480 --> 00:32:47,080 Speaker 1: at Noble Blood Tales, and you can learn more about 474 00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:49,840 Speaker 1: the show over at Noble Blood Tales dot com. For 475 00:32:49,920 --> 00:32:52,720 Speaker 1: more podcasts from I Heart Radio, visit the I heart 476 00:32:52,760 --> 00:32:56,000 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 477 00:32:56,040 --> 00:33:01,680 Speaker 1: favorite shows.