WEBVTT - True Crime: The Phantom of Heilbronn

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of I

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<v Speaker 1>Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh,

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<v Speaker 1>and there's Shock and Dave c is here with us

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<v Speaker 1>and this is stuff you should know. That's right. Before

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<v Speaker 1>That's right, and now on with a spooky show. That's right.

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<v Speaker 1>So what what a dishes this Chuck the Spooky Phantom

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<v Speaker 1>Edian that's what Dave thought. But now and you can

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<v Speaker 1>understand how you would get that impression from the title,

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<v Speaker 1>But the phantom of Hyle Braun is it Hyle You

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<v Speaker 1>do the second syllable okay for an e I okay,

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<v Speaker 1>so hile Braun sorry double end at the end, and

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<v Speaker 1>the phantom of heil Braun would prove to be essentially

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<v Speaker 1>what amounts to a criminal mastermind as far as we're concerned, Um,

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<v Speaker 1>for being able to evade the police for so long

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<v Speaker 1>despite being so sought after. I mean like they made

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<v Speaker 1>international news. Um, this case. It it was that vexan.

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<v Speaker 1>So we love cold cases, we love true crime cases,

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<v Speaker 1>and this one is like really great, Yes, so big

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<v Speaker 1>thanks to Olivia for helping us out with this one.

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<v Speaker 1>Uh and she very stuteley starts with a brief overview

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<v Speaker 1>of DNA forensics, which we covered a lot of times,

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<v Speaker 1>but um, just as a reminder, this started out DNA

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<v Speaker 1>forensics and collection and using it for criminal cases in

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<v Speaker 1>the nineteen eighties in the UK. UH. Notably, I think

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<v Speaker 1>the first case was the exoneration of a seventeen year

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<v Speaker 1>old UH suspect in a rape and murder case of

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<v Speaker 1>two girls. UM. Back then before they had this is

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<v Speaker 1>like pre DNA database. UM. Their idea, which you know

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<v Speaker 1>worked pretty well in this case, was to basically do

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<v Speaker 1>a big genetic sweep and ask for five thousand local

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<v Speaker 1>men to give up DNA samples of blood or saliva. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>And there was a local baker there named Colin Pitchfork

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<v Speaker 1>told his friend Lu said like, hey, mate, would you

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<v Speaker 1>mind donating your blood for me and his friend. I

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<v Speaker 1>guess the word got around like hey, that's a weird

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<v Speaker 1>thing to do. Uh. Someone overhears this in a pub

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<v Speaker 1>and all of a sudden, Colin Pitchfork is in fact

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<v Speaker 1>arrested and another gentleman is exonerated. Yeah, through the use

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<v Speaker 1>of DNA. And it was the guy who actually invented

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<v Speaker 1>using DNA for forensics, Alec J. Jeffries, who became knighted,

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<v Speaker 1>and he discovered it by accident. He was trying to

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<v Speaker 1>find how um heritable diseases passed two families and realized like,

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<v Speaker 1>oh wait, I can actually identify every single participant in

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<v Speaker 1>this study because of their DNA and a light bulb

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<v Speaker 1>went off and like that was that was an amazing

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<v Speaker 1>first case. Like he exonerated somebody who was innocent and

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<v Speaker 1>caught the bad guy and the murdering rape of two girls.

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<v Speaker 1>Like it doesn't you can't possibly have a better first

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<v Speaker 1>outing than that. Um And and so as it was old,

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<v Speaker 1>DNA profiling took off like a rocket, particularly in the

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<v Speaker 1>UK at first, but then it spread very quickly to

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<v Speaker 1>other European countries and the US, And by nine the

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<v Speaker 1>FBI said, hey, all of you UM police departments in

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<v Speaker 1>the United States, you start sending your your samples into US,

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<v Speaker 1>will create profiles, will run him against the database, and

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<v Speaker 1>we will catch your bad guy for you. So it

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<v Speaker 1>became much more standardized within three years of that first case. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>and all the private companies who were doing that before

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<v Speaker 1>the FBI stepped up said thanks a lot. Yeah, now

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<v Speaker 1>we're bankrupt, thanks a lot of FBI. We We had

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<v Speaker 1>a pretty good racket going. But it did needed to

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<v Speaker 1>be codified in the database became a very big part

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<v Speaker 1>of it because, like I said, pre database they were

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<v Speaker 1>doing and as you'll see in some of these crimes,

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<v Speaker 1>even with the phantom things like genetic sweeps and genetic

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<v Speaker 1>drag nets and things like that. Yeah, there was another

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<v Speaker 1>guy who enters the picture in ninety seven he was

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<v Speaker 1>from Austria's name was Roland van or Shot. I think

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<v Speaker 1>I got it UM and he said, hey, you know

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<v Speaker 1>how we only thought we could get DNA from blood,

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<v Speaker 1>saliva or semen. It turns out we leave DNA everywhere.

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<v Speaker 1>Everything we touch has little bits of UM d NA

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<v Speaker 1>left behind. And here's a way to extract that and

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<v Speaker 1>and UM identify it and profile it basically UM. And

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<v Speaker 1>so now all of a sudden DNA goes from this

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<v Speaker 1>is a really useful tool. Kind of two. We can

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<v Speaker 1>use this and basically every case we come across somebody

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<v Speaker 1>like UM uh steals a can of coke out of

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<v Speaker 1>the Honor System coke machine, you could you could like

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<v Speaker 1>profile their DNA and probably catch them from that. It

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<v Speaker 1>was like it opened it up that much. It's you're dead. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>it stopped. It decreased UM Honor System co mashing crime

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<v Speaker 1>by like five almost overnight. Uh. Those genetic dragnets were

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<v Speaker 1>happening more and more, and then they eventually built up

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<v Speaker 1>the database such where they were less and less necessary,

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<v Speaker 1>especially when UM country started sharing data across their borders,

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<v Speaker 1>which uh here in the United States we do that

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<v Speaker 1>in an interstate fashion. Uh. And maybe with Canada and Mexico.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm not really sure actually, but if they're lucky, if

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<v Speaker 1>we're feeling like that. Uh. And but in Europe UM,

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<v Speaker 1>this started happening about two thousand five, when Germany, Austria, Belgium, France,

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<v Speaker 1>Luxembourg in the Netherlands said uh, and Spain said, hey,

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<v Speaker 1>let's sign this treaty UM that means we can share

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<v Speaker 1>our our DNA findings with each other UM. Two thousand seven.

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<v Speaker 1>That was basically all of Europe, all the EU got

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<v Speaker 1>on board. UH. And the reason we're talking about the

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<v Speaker 1>EU s because all of these uh, myriad crimes that

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<v Speaker 1>this phantom purportedly committed were in Europe, and mostly around Germany. Yes,

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<v Speaker 1>and because these crimes were committed after Roland von uer

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<v Speaker 1>shots um discovery that you can get DNA samples from

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<v Speaker 1>just about anything UM, the European police had become well

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<v Speaker 1>versed in lifting DNA from crime scenes, and so they

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<v Speaker 1>were able to track the who would come to be

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<v Speaker 1>called the Phantom of heilbron Um through the DNA left

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<v Speaker 1>behind at these crime scenes. And apparently they were already

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<v Speaker 1>tracking this person for a few years in a much

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<v Speaker 1>more isolated way. But the whole thing blew up and

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<v Speaker 1>the nickname that the Phantom of Heilbron All happened in

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<v Speaker 1>I think April of two thousand seven, when a twenty

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<v Speaker 1>two year old policewoman named Michelle kay Sweater was murdered

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<v Speaker 1>while she was taking a lunch break. Can I correct

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<v Speaker 1>your pronunciation? Yeah, I believe that would be Kaisa Vetta.

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<v Speaker 1>That's much better when I say kay Sweater. Yeah, but

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<v Speaker 1>that's okay. She was was murdered in cold blood. She

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<v Speaker 1>was twenty years old on lunch break with a cop

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<v Speaker 1>named Martin Arnold, and they were sitting in their patrol

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<v Speaker 1>car and hal Bron and a couple of people jumped

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<v Speaker 1>in the back seat shot them from behind. They stole

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<v Speaker 1>their handcuffs, they stole their guns. Uh, and Kaisa Vetter died.

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<v Speaker 1>Martin was only twenty five and was in a coma

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<v Speaker 1>for weeks. And if you read any interviews with Martin Arnold,

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<v Speaker 1>that just like you know, completely wrecked this guy's life. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>He lost memory from the point where he parked the

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<v Speaker 1>car to eat and literally doesn't remember anything else except

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<v Speaker 1>waking up in the hospital. So all that to say,

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<v Speaker 1>there was no identification of anything, right, yeah, I saw

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<v Speaker 1>that he couldn't. I can imagine if you're in a

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<v Speaker 1>coma until they dislodge a bullet from your brain, it's

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<v Speaker 1>a pretty good bet you're not going to be able

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<v Speaker 1>to remember anything. Is he able to remember stuff? Now?

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<v Speaker 1>Do you know? Like from that point on? Yeah, I

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<v Speaker 1>mean I think he recovered. But um, it was just,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, one of these sad stories of this young

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<v Speaker 1>guy who was always wanted to be a cop early

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<v Speaker 1>on on the job and you know, just gets And

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<v Speaker 1>this was not a it's not like this crime happens

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<v Speaker 1>a lot in the US, but it was a very huge,

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<v Speaker 1>big deal crime and it like rocked Germany. It was

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<v Speaker 1>such a big scary thing. Yeah, because Heilbron is not

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<v Speaker 1>a huge, bustling metropolis. It's a small town. And the

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<v Speaker 1>fact that the murder of a cop in the small

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<v Speaker 1>town in Germany caught the entire country's attention and outrage,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, it does go to show you like, that's

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<v Speaker 1>a really big deal in Germany, or it was at

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<v Speaker 1>least in two thousand and seven. And also I think

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<v Speaker 1>the manner of the murder to where um, the perpetrator

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<v Speaker 1>of the criminals, um got to drop on them so

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<v Speaker 1>quickly that the cops weren't even able to like, um,

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<v Speaker 1>get their weapons out, like they just completely by surprise.

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<v Speaker 1>So it was an enormous deal. And it turned out

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<v Speaker 1>that they were able to find some genetic material UM

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<v Speaker 1>on the rear seat of the car and on the

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<v Speaker 1>center console of the car, and they found on something

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<v Speaker 1>really really surprising that UM. The only genetic material that

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<v Speaker 1>they could work up a profile from belonged to a woman.

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<v Speaker 1>And that did not fit the idea of Germans at

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<v Speaker 1>the time of somebody who had jump in the backseat

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<v Speaker 1>of a cop car and murder a pair of cops,

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<v Speaker 1>or murder one and try to murder the other one. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>it was. It was shocking, but it was confusing at

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<v Speaker 1>the same time, like no one understood sort of the

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<v Speaker 1>findings that happened. UM. A few months later, Uh, they

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<v Speaker 1>are working with the DNA and they said, hey, wait

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<v Speaker 1>a minute, these samples match some other crimes that are happening. UM.

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<v Speaker 1>Two other murders in particular. The first was from it's

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<v Speaker 1>a cold case. Uh, this woman, I'm gonna say it's

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<v Speaker 1>les a lot Schlanger. I was sixty two years old

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<v Speaker 1>again in Germany and it's about a hundred miles west

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<v Speaker 1>of Heilbroun. And on mate any third of that year,

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<v Speaker 1>I had put some cakes in the oven. Her neighbor

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<v Speaker 1>came by to have t knocked at the door. No

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<v Speaker 1>one answered, and it turned out that she had been Schlinger,

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<v Speaker 1>had been strangled with the wire from a flower bouquet

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<v Speaker 1>in her sitting room. Cops investigated a bunch of witnesses.

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<v Speaker 1>No one saw anything, no one heard anything. But we

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<v Speaker 1>have this d N A on the rim of a

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<v Speaker 1>teacup that matched the DNA from the killer of Michelle

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<v Speaker 1>kaisaveta yeah, from cold case? Right, that's right. And then

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<v Speaker 1>there was another two thousand one cold case in the

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<v Speaker 1>murder of a man named Joseph Wallzenbach. How's that. That's great.

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<v Speaker 1>He was an antique stealer, and he too was murdered

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<v Speaker 1>with a weapon of opportunity, some garden twine that happened

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<v Speaker 1>to be handy. Um strangled, So both both lise a

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<v Speaker 1>lot and Um Joseph were strangled Um and he was

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<v Speaker 1>strangled in his shop, and they they found d NA

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<v Speaker 1>on his body, a few items in the shop, and

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<v Speaker 1>then the back of a close which is so creepy

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<v Speaker 1>that they assumed that, um, the phantom who would be

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<v Speaker 1>come to be known as the Phantom, put the clothes

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<v Speaker 1>sign out and left. Um, that's just cold, you know

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<v Speaker 1>for sure, that kind of calculation. Yeah, that's like a

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<v Speaker 1>movie shot right there. Yeah, it's just scary. So now

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<v Speaker 1>we have three murders, um, and an attempted murder. Two

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<v Speaker 1>of the victims were cops. UM, all of them linked

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<v Speaker 1>to the same woman over the course from two thousand

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<v Speaker 1>and seven, all in roughly the same general area of Germany. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>and two of the murders are similar enough, and that

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<v Speaker 1>they were strangled with some kind of wire and I

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<v Speaker 1>think both were missing just little amounts of money. Um,

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<v Speaker 1>it didn't seem like a huge robbery kind of thing,

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<v Speaker 1>but they were close enough to where there were some

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<v Speaker 1>similarities to where they said, Okay, these make a little

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<v Speaker 1>bit of sense together. However, except that it was a

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<v Speaker 1>woman who was strangling, which is not common at all. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>And then the cop one though that many years later

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<v Speaker 1>was really kind of threw everyone for a loop. Um. Nevertheless,

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<v Speaker 1>the DNA all matched and so the media started in

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<v Speaker 1>with his story. Like you said, the Phantom of heil

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<v Speaker 1>Broom or the woman without a face. Yeah, and apparently

0:13:19.040 --> 0:13:21.079
<v Speaker 1>she's been known as the woman without a face before

0:13:21.280 --> 0:13:23.680
<v Speaker 1>when they were tracking those two cold cases that they've

0:13:23.720 --> 0:13:26.640
<v Speaker 1>matched the DNA too before, and then with the murder

0:13:26.679 --> 0:13:29.839
<v Speaker 1>of the police officer, Um, she became the Phantom of

0:13:29.920 --> 0:13:34.880
<v Speaker 1>Heilbron Um. So now German UM investigators were like, we

0:13:35.000 --> 0:13:38.160
<v Speaker 1>have a woman serial killer on our hands who's been

0:13:38.200 --> 0:13:42.520
<v Speaker 1>active at least since and no one has seen her,

0:13:42.679 --> 0:13:45.240
<v Speaker 1>and we need to find this person a S A P.

0:13:45.559 --> 0:13:48.280
<v Speaker 1>Because she's now a cop killer. All right, I think

0:13:48.280 --> 0:13:51.920
<v Speaker 1>it's a great cliffhanger. Yep. Should we take a break? Ye?

0:13:52.200 --> 0:13:53.800
<v Speaker 1>All right, We'll be right back with more of the

0:13:53.800 --> 0:14:16.560
<v Speaker 1>Phantom of heilbron right after this. So, Chuck, I have

0:14:16.640 --> 0:14:19.200
<v Speaker 1>to say, I just want to say this, Um. There

0:14:19.240 --> 0:14:22.320
<v Speaker 1>was a part where we're talking about DNA profile sharing

0:14:22.360 --> 0:14:26.320
<v Speaker 1>the across the EU in two thousand seven, they also

0:14:26.360 --> 0:14:30.680
<v Speaker 1>were sharing license plate information and that occurred to me

0:14:30.760 --> 0:14:35.200
<v Speaker 1>that the font on those plates was false song suresh

0:14:35.320 --> 0:14:39.680
<v Speaker 1>one day shrift. Yeah, and I just I spelled it out.

0:14:39.720 --> 0:14:41.720
<v Speaker 1>I sounded it out. My god, I was gonna say

0:14:41.760 --> 0:14:45.440
<v Speaker 1>it in this episode, come hell or high water. Good job,

0:14:45.960 --> 0:14:49.000
<v Speaker 1>thanks um, all right. So where we last left you

0:14:49.160 --> 0:14:51.400
<v Speaker 1>was there is the murder of a police officer, the

0:14:51.600 --> 0:14:55.680
<v Speaker 1>serious wounding of another, and then two cold cases from

0:14:55.680 --> 0:14:58.320
<v Speaker 1>many years before, all tied to the same d n

0:14:58.360 --> 0:15:03.360
<v Speaker 1>A of what they know is one um. All of

0:15:03.400 --> 0:15:07.120
<v Speaker 1>a sudden, they start matching this DNA with these uh

0:15:07.360 --> 0:15:11.360
<v Speaker 1>you know, people start sharing databases in crime um particulars

0:15:11.400 --> 0:15:14.800
<v Speaker 1>around the EU, and they said, wait a minute, this

0:15:14.880 --> 0:15:19.400
<v Speaker 1>person's DNA is everywhere. There's and and it's not murders.

0:15:19.520 --> 0:15:22.800
<v Speaker 1>There are a dozen break INDs, and there are car

0:15:22.920 --> 0:15:26.680
<v Speaker 1>thefts in Austria and in France and in Germany. And

0:15:26.760 --> 0:15:29.720
<v Speaker 1>there's a break in in an office in Germany. There's

0:15:29.760 --> 0:15:34.120
<v Speaker 1>a burglary in Mainz, Germany. The the gas cap of

0:15:34.160 --> 0:15:37.840
<v Speaker 1>a car that was stolen had this d A d

0:15:37.920 --> 0:15:40.360
<v Speaker 1>n A on it. In two thousand three, there was

0:15:40.360 --> 0:15:43.240
<v Speaker 1>a toy pistol used in a robbery in France with

0:15:43.320 --> 0:15:45.360
<v Speaker 1>this d n A on it. And everyone is like,

0:15:45.840 --> 0:15:48.840
<v Speaker 1>that's why this name Phantom of Heilbron like locked in

0:15:48.880 --> 0:15:51.520
<v Speaker 1>so much, because all of a sudden, like you could

0:15:51.560 --> 0:15:53.920
<v Speaker 1>go on for an hour listing the crimes that this

0:15:54.040 --> 0:15:57.840
<v Speaker 1>DNA was found at. Yeah, so we've got a female

0:15:57.840 --> 0:16:01.520
<v Speaker 1>serial killer in Germany who also Pierce savoth taste for

0:16:02.120 --> 0:16:05.360
<v Speaker 1>just common crimes as well, so much so that it

0:16:05.400 --> 0:16:09.880
<v Speaker 1>seemed like she may have been more of a um

0:16:10.920 --> 0:16:14.800
<v Speaker 1>like a burglar or robber who was totally fine with

0:16:14.920 --> 0:16:18.920
<v Speaker 1>murder but didn't need to murder all the time. Um,

0:16:18.960 --> 0:16:21.480
<v Speaker 1>more than a serial killer that liked to engage in

0:16:21.480 --> 0:16:24.400
<v Speaker 1>petty crime and one of those, I just have to say,

0:16:24.400 --> 0:16:27.480
<v Speaker 1>one of those um burglaries. A breaking at an office

0:16:27.760 --> 0:16:31.480
<v Speaker 1>in Dietzenbach on New Year's Day two thousand three. One

0:16:31.520 --> 0:16:34.960
<v Speaker 1>of the prosecutors in this case, who was tracking the phantom,

0:16:35.320 --> 0:16:38.600
<v Speaker 1>named Gunter Horn, said that this was a professional job.

0:16:38.800 --> 0:16:41.200
<v Speaker 1>It's a quote, but it was the theft of a

0:16:41.280 --> 0:16:44.200
<v Speaker 1>can of loose change. So I thought that was kind

0:16:44.240 --> 0:16:46.880
<v Speaker 1>of hilarious that he was like, this person is of

0:16:46.920 --> 0:16:49.480
<v Speaker 1>aiding us that it's a professional job no matter what

0:16:49.560 --> 0:16:51.640
<v Speaker 1>she's doing, even if she's stealing loose change in a

0:16:51.680 --> 0:16:55.320
<v Speaker 1>coffee can from an office, doesn't matter. She's pro Well.

0:16:55.360 --> 0:16:57.440
<v Speaker 1>I mean, that's the kind of interesting thing about this case,

0:16:57.480 --> 0:16:59.320
<v Speaker 1>I think is once you have this DNA at all

0:16:59.320 --> 0:17:04.520
<v Speaker 1>these crimes, your your cop masterminds are going to start

0:17:04.960 --> 0:17:07.080
<v Speaker 1>trying to piece together and they did in this case,

0:17:07.160 --> 0:17:10.040
<v Speaker 1>like we gotta profile this person, and what kind of

0:17:10.080 --> 0:17:12.280
<v Speaker 1>a person would I don't think we mentioned that was

0:17:12.320 --> 0:17:15.000
<v Speaker 1>also the DNA was found on a heroin needle. Yeah,

0:17:15.040 --> 0:17:17.360
<v Speaker 1>that was a big turning point to a seven year

0:17:17.400 --> 0:17:21.000
<v Speaker 1>old stepped on in Germany and his parents said, hey,

0:17:21.119 --> 0:17:23.359
<v Speaker 1>can you investigate this? My kids stepped on this needle.

0:17:23.760 --> 0:17:25.879
<v Speaker 1>They swabbed it and found that DNA. So all of

0:17:25.960 --> 0:17:28.920
<v Speaker 1>a sudden, this profile was like, this is a drug user.

0:17:29.320 --> 0:17:33.240
<v Speaker 1>Maybe she steals little bits to to fund the drug

0:17:33.280 --> 0:17:36.359
<v Speaker 1>habit and maybe, like you said, the murders just happened

0:17:36.400 --> 0:17:40.760
<v Speaker 1>out of necessity because of these petty crimes. So kind

0:17:40.800 --> 0:17:42.480
<v Speaker 1>of the point is like, once you've got all these

0:17:42.520 --> 0:17:46.080
<v Speaker 1>weird disparate crimes, um, you're still gonna have cops that

0:17:46.119 --> 0:17:49.880
<v Speaker 1>are trying to tie them to a single sort of brain. Right,

0:17:49.920 --> 0:17:51.600
<v Speaker 1>they were just trying to figure out who they were

0:17:51.640 --> 0:17:55.840
<v Speaker 1>after basically. Um, So yeah, that heroin syringe from two

0:17:55.840 --> 0:17:59.840
<v Speaker 1>thousand one really kind of explain things like the coffee

0:17:59.840 --> 0:18:02.480
<v Speaker 1>came and of loose change, you know, um, those kind

0:18:02.480 --> 0:18:05.240
<v Speaker 1>of robberies and breake ins um. And then there was

0:18:05.280 --> 0:18:08.480
<v Speaker 1>another thing that kind of added to the puzzle as

0:18:08.520 --> 0:18:11.199
<v Speaker 1>they were on her trail. Um in two thousand five

0:18:11.680 --> 0:18:17.000
<v Speaker 1>in Verms in Germany. UM, a Roma man shot his

0:18:17.280 --> 0:18:22.239
<v Speaker 1>brother and so the police were, um getting stuff from

0:18:22.280 --> 0:18:26.880
<v Speaker 1>the crime scene. What's they called. They were collecting evidence

0:18:27.960 --> 0:18:31.600
<v Speaker 1>from the crime scene, and um, the DNA they found

0:18:31.640 --> 0:18:34.760
<v Speaker 1>on one of the bullets was the phantoms. So now

0:18:34.760 --> 0:18:37.600
<v Speaker 1>they're like, okay, this kind of explains how she's making

0:18:37.640 --> 0:18:43.240
<v Speaker 1>her way back and forth around the EU in France, Germany, Austria.

0:18:43.600 --> 0:18:47.239
<v Speaker 1>She's she's basically looked up with the Roman community, if

0:18:47.280 --> 0:18:51.119
<v Speaker 1>not Roma herself. Um. And then there was one other

0:18:51.160 --> 0:18:56.000
<v Speaker 1>thing too, Um, she had accomplices in some of these crimes,

0:18:56.840 --> 0:19:00.440
<v Speaker 1>and they were none of them would say a word

0:19:00.480 --> 0:19:02.960
<v Speaker 1>about her. They all clammed up. Whenever the cops went

0:19:03.000 --> 0:19:05.080
<v Speaker 1>to them and said, hey, you know this crime you

0:19:05.119 --> 0:19:07.159
<v Speaker 1>got busted four we just found out that you had

0:19:07.160 --> 0:19:11.080
<v Speaker 1>an accomplice, They would just not They just stopped talking. Yeah,

0:19:11.160 --> 0:19:14.240
<v Speaker 1>And uh, I think when I think it was the

0:19:14.240 --> 0:19:17.359
<v Speaker 1>gunter Horn talked about the fact that I think his

0:19:17.480 --> 0:19:21.600
<v Speaker 1>frustration and police's general frustration that even after these people

0:19:21.600 --> 0:19:24.119
<v Speaker 1>are behind bars, they're still not talking and they're not

0:19:24.160 --> 0:19:28.159
<v Speaker 1>saying anything. So they basically said what we kind of

0:19:28.200 --> 0:19:31.640
<v Speaker 1>did was basically wait for reports to come in with

0:19:31.680 --> 0:19:35.080
<v Speaker 1>this d n A turning up again and then we

0:19:35.119 --> 0:19:38.880
<v Speaker 1>would have a new lead. And between I think, uh

0:19:39.160 --> 0:19:42.719
<v Speaker 1>two thousand seven, summer two thousand seven and spring two

0:19:42.760 --> 0:19:47.639
<v Speaker 1>thousand eight, um, they were like garden shed break ins.

0:19:47.800 --> 0:19:52.560
<v Speaker 1>Sometimes food and drink was stolen. Um, nothing real big happened.

0:19:53.480 --> 0:19:58.880
<v Speaker 1>But again lots of more crimes start trickling in. Um.

0:19:58.920 --> 0:20:01.840
<v Speaker 1>And they think also the that those garden shed break ins,

0:20:02.359 --> 0:20:05.360
<v Speaker 1>that she was spending the night in those garden sheds,

0:20:05.359 --> 0:20:07.919
<v Speaker 1>So that would suggest also that she was aware she

0:20:08.000 --> 0:20:10.680
<v Speaker 1>was being hunted and on the run. Yes, look right there,

0:20:10.720 --> 0:20:16.240
<v Speaker 1>you can see a depression in the haystack right so. Um.

0:20:16.280 --> 0:20:18.800
<v Speaker 1>So there was another one too, and I believe this

0:20:18.880 --> 0:20:22.280
<v Speaker 1>was the last crime. They they Yeah, I think it

0:20:22.400 --> 0:20:25.200
<v Speaker 1>was the last crime. No, it wasn't. There was another crime.

0:20:25.359 --> 0:20:28.120
<v Speaker 1>It was a little odd, um it was. It took

0:20:28.160 --> 0:20:31.720
<v Speaker 1>place in near the Luxembourg border where a woman who

0:20:31.800 --> 0:20:34.280
<v Speaker 1>was the manager of the cleaning staff at a fishing lodge.

0:20:34.480 --> 0:20:36.400
<v Speaker 1>Someone snuck up behind her, hit her on the head

0:20:36.480 --> 0:20:39.480
<v Speaker 1>hard and made off with three hundred euros that I

0:20:39.480 --> 0:20:42.600
<v Speaker 1>guess she had on her. And when they they did,

0:20:42.640 --> 0:20:45.359
<v Speaker 1>they collected evidence in the room at that fishing lodge.

0:20:45.560 --> 0:20:49.480
<v Speaker 1>They found the phantom's DNA there. Now, from what I saw,

0:20:49.520 --> 0:20:53.240
<v Speaker 1>it wasn't on the woman or any weapon or anything

0:20:53.280 --> 0:20:55.919
<v Speaker 1>like that, just in the room. So they didn't know

0:20:55.960 --> 0:20:58.800
<v Speaker 1>whether she had been there before or whether she was

0:20:58.840 --> 0:21:01.800
<v Speaker 1>involved in this. But either way they were like, Okay,

0:21:01.880 --> 0:21:04.680
<v Speaker 1>now she's over by Luxembourg too. I flew out of

0:21:04.720 --> 0:21:08.920
<v Speaker 1>Luxembourg once. Oh yeah, how how's the airport? I threw

0:21:09.000 --> 0:21:13.040
<v Speaker 1>up in a trash can at the airport. Long story.

0:21:13.680 --> 0:21:16.800
<v Speaker 1>Does it have to do with rope trauma? No? Now

0:21:16.840 --> 0:21:20.760
<v Speaker 1>we have two mysteries. Almost got um. So the biggest

0:21:21.800 --> 0:21:27.000
<v Speaker 1>crime aside from that initial uh police murder uh in

0:21:27.040 --> 0:21:30.280
<v Speaker 1>these cold cases came in two thousand eight with a

0:21:30.320 --> 0:21:33.600
<v Speaker 1>triple murder. This was in January two tho eight. The

0:21:33.600 --> 0:21:38.040
<v Speaker 1>bodies of three used car dealers from Georgia European Georgia

0:21:38.080 --> 0:21:41.160
<v Speaker 1>not here, We're found in the Rhine River in Germany

0:21:41.200 --> 0:21:44.199
<v Speaker 1>and two men were arrested, a forty year old Iraqi

0:21:44.640 --> 0:21:49.040
<v Speaker 1>and twenty six year old Somalian citizen. So they looked

0:21:49.080 --> 0:21:51.359
<v Speaker 1>at these guys and say, we know what happened. Um.

0:21:51.600 --> 0:21:55.560
<v Speaker 1>These car dealers were in town getting cars to sell

0:21:55.640 --> 0:21:58.720
<v Speaker 1>back home, and they had a lot of cash on them,

0:21:58.720 --> 0:22:01.639
<v Speaker 1>so you murder them for their me They searched the

0:22:01.840 --> 0:22:06.040
<v Speaker 1>one suspect, the Iraqi suspect, and they found traces of

0:22:06.280 --> 0:22:10.919
<v Speaker 1>you guessed it, the phantom of Heilbron DNA was in

0:22:10.960 --> 0:22:14.560
<v Speaker 1>that car. Yeah, please question the guy. And again he's

0:22:14.600 --> 0:22:16.560
<v Speaker 1>not talking. He has no nothing to say to the

0:22:16.600 --> 0:22:20.240
<v Speaker 1>police about who this mystery woman is. Yep. So now

0:22:20.600 --> 0:22:24.840
<v Speaker 1>she's shown that she's capable of, if not participating in,

0:22:24.920 --> 0:22:29.439
<v Speaker 1>at least presiding over triple homicides. That is not that

0:22:29.520 --> 0:22:32.800
<v Speaker 1>many people are capable of triple homicides, you know, But

0:22:33.040 --> 0:22:35.080
<v Speaker 1>it's also kind of not surprising if you look at

0:22:35.080 --> 0:22:38.119
<v Speaker 1>her past that she's also willing to get up in

0:22:38.200 --> 0:22:42.040
<v Speaker 1>close and personal and strangle elderly citizens with garden twine.

0:22:42.720 --> 0:22:44.560
<v Speaker 1>So it's not that big of a shock, but it's

0:22:44.560 --> 0:22:47.680
<v Speaker 1>a it's a it's a big addition to the profile

0:22:47.760 --> 0:22:50.640
<v Speaker 1>of of her that the police are coming up with.

0:22:51.240 --> 0:22:53.720
<v Speaker 1>And so um, they started to put all this stuff

0:22:53.720 --> 0:22:57.560
<v Speaker 1>together like that the syringe suggested that she used drugs,

0:22:57.600 --> 0:23:00.760
<v Speaker 1>and you know, some of the pettier crime suggested that

0:23:00.800 --> 0:23:05.960
<v Speaker 1>she was committing them to probably get drugs. Um. She

0:23:06.200 --> 0:23:10.640
<v Speaker 1>generally stuck around southwestern Germany, but she also was capable

0:23:10.680 --> 0:23:14.399
<v Speaker 1>of moving over to Austria and France, and so they

0:23:14.440 --> 0:23:19.040
<v Speaker 1>said her connection with the Roma probably helps her do that. Um.

0:23:19.119 --> 0:23:23.800
<v Speaker 1>So they were putting this together and they still weren't

0:23:23.840 --> 0:23:28.520
<v Speaker 1>finding anybody. No one was emerging like she just kept

0:23:28.520 --> 0:23:31.480
<v Speaker 1>eluding them crime after crime after crime. And one of

0:23:31.480 --> 0:23:34.359
<v Speaker 1>the big problems was is there was either no eye

0:23:34.359 --> 0:23:37.480
<v Speaker 1>witnesses to the crime or no eye witnesses saw her.

0:23:38.160 --> 0:23:42.000
<v Speaker 1>And then one day, one day there was an attempted

0:23:42.000 --> 0:23:45.919
<v Speaker 1>break in and star breaking in two thousand six. By

0:23:45.920 --> 0:23:47.720
<v Speaker 1>the way, I'm expecting you to be like your way

0:23:47.760 --> 0:23:49.600
<v Speaker 1>off if I'm way off, and if you say nothing,

0:23:49.640 --> 0:23:53.840
<v Speaker 1>then I nailed it. That's how I'm taking these correct, okay,

0:23:54.080 --> 0:23:58.200
<v Speaker 1>and and sar breaken uh that somebody saw the person

0:23:58.320 --> 0:24:00.879
<v Speaker 1>attempting to to break in, and in that break in

0:24:00.960 --> 0:24:05.480
<v Speaker 1>attempt they found the phantom's DNA. But the puzzler was

0:24:05.560 --> 0:24:09.760
<v Speaker 1>that the person the eyewitness who saw the attempted burglar

0:24:10.640 --> 0:24:13.840
<v Speaker 1>described a man with a soul patch, even a terrible,

0:24:13.960 --> 0:24:17.560
<v Speaker 1>terrible soul patch. And this added a whole another twist

0:24:17.600 --> 0:24:20.840
<v Speaker 1>to the mystery, and one interesting thing notably though, is

0:24:20.880 --> 0:24:23.600
<v Speaker 1>none of the crimes, even though there are crimes committed

0:24:23.640 --> 0:24:26.560
<v Speaker 1>all over this area, none of them happened in Bavaria,

0:24:27.000 --> 0:24:29.000
<v Speaker 1>which is a little unusual because it's right there. But

0:24:29.119 --> 0:24:31.560
<v Speaker 1>just put a pin in that one, which suggested then

0:24:32.000 --> 0:24:34.760
<v Speaker 1>to the cops that is possible that the phantom who

0:24:34.760 --> 0:24:37.639
<v Speaker 1>they knew to have the sex of a female but

0:24:38.160 --> 0:24:41.320
<v Speaker 1>had a soul patch, conceivably may have actually been a

0:24:41.359 --> 0:24:45.679
<v Speaker 1>transgender man. So they added that to the profile as well,

0:24:45.800 --> 0:24:48.200
<v Speaker 1>that's right, which I'm sure you know, added a whole

0:24:48.200 --> 0:24:51.480
<v Speaker 1>other layer for them. Another layer that was added that

0:24:51.520 --> 0:24:54.240
<v Speaker 1>we should mention was that Germany had I guess you

0:24:54.240 --> 0:24:56.840
<v Speaker 1>could call a very um I guess to put it

0:24:56.920 --> 0:25:03.840
<v Speaker 1>kindly rocky historical record of identifying races and ethnicities as

0:25:03.880 --> 0:25:08.160
<v Speaker 1>a country. UM. So because of that, there were pretty

0:25:08.160 --> 0:25:11.840
<v Speaker 1>strict laws on how Germany could use DNA and how

0:25:11.920 --> 0:25:14.440
<v Speaker 1>much insight they could get from it. So, in other words,

0:25:14.480 --> 0:25:18.720
<v Speaker 1>an investigator UH in Germany was not allowed to determine

0:25:18.800 --> 0:25:22.119
<v Speaker 1>race or ethnicity, or hair or eye color using DNA.

0:25:22.760 --> 0:25:26.280
<v Speaker 1>Um It was possible in Austria, so they're a little

0:25:26.320 --> 0:25:29.760
<v Speaker 1>less strict there at the time, and they were able

0:25:29.800 --> 0:25:31.480
<v Speaker 1>to take a closer look at this d n A

0:25:31.880 --> 0:25:35.240
<v Speaker 1>and say, hey, we think we can't be sure because

0:25:35.280 --> 0:25:39.520
<v Speaker 1>it's two thousand. What year was this seven or eight? Uh.

0:25:39.520 --> 0:25:43.119
<v Speaker 1>We're pretty sure though that this woman probably has blonde

0:25:43.119 --> 0:25:46.280
<v Speaker 1>hair and blue eyes. Um, so we got that going

0:25:46.320 --> 0:25:49.359
<v Speaker 1>for us. Yeah, but they also said in some interviews

0:25:49.400 --> 0:25:52.000
<v Speaker 1>that they're like, that's I mean, we're talking about Germany

0:25:52.040 --> 0:25:55.320
<v Speaker 1>for one. But also they said that they was accurate,

0:25:55.359 --> 0:25:58.680
<v Speaker 1>so the margin of error left the possibility of UM

0:25:58.800 --> 0:26:02.680
<v Speaker 1>falsely arresting hundreds of thousands of Germans. So they essentially

0:26:02.880 --> 0:26:04.960
<v Speaker 1>they might as well have not had any idea what

0:26:05.160 --> 0:26:07.959
<v Speaker 1>her hair eye color was. Yeah. Again, this is the

0:26:07.960 --> 0:26:10.680
<v Speaker 1>early days of d NA UM such that they also

0:26:10.720 --> 0:26:13.800
<v Speaker 1>did a DNA dragnet. Uh. This is pretty pretty big,

0:26:13.840 --> 0:26:17.200
<v Speaker 1>long shot, but they did saliva swab of about three

0:26:17.200 --> 0:26:22.760
<v Speaker 1>thousand women in Belgium, France and southern Germany and Italy. Uh.

0:26:22.840 --> 0:26:27.080
<v Speaker 1>They focused on drug users, unhoused women, women with criminal

0:26:27.119 --> 0:26:30.679
<v Speaker 1>records that were pretty serious. They offered up big time money.

0:26:31.080 --> 0:26:34.320
<v Speaker 1>I believe it got up to about three hundred thousand

0:26:34.400 --> 0:26:38.159
<v Speaker 1>euros uh, a lot of dough um, but you know,

0:26:38.320 --> 0:26:40.919
<v Speaker 1>nothing was helping out. And in total, I think They

0:26:41.119 --> 0:26:44.159
<v Speaker 1>ended up spending what they guessed to be about sixteen

0:26:44.200 --> 0:26:49.880
<v Speaker 1>thousand hours of police overtime pursuing the Phantom of Heilbroun,

0:26:50.440 --> 0:26:53.159
<v Speaker 1>and yet she kept a luning him Chuck and I

0:26:53.200 --> 0:26:56.240
<v Speaker 1>say that we take our second break and come back

0:26:56.440 --> 0:27:20.560
<v Speaker 1>and talk about how she was finally apprehended. Let's do it. Yeah, okay,

0:27:20.600 --> 0:27:24.280
<v Speaker 1>So now we're in March two thousand nine. Um, this

0:27:24.440 --> 0:27:26.840
<v Speaker 1>is uh finally the case that kind of breaks things

0:27:26.880 --> 0:27:30.400
<v Speaker 1>wide open for the Phantom of Heilbron When police were

0:27:31.080 --> 0:27:33.840
<v Speaker 1>investigating the death of a man who died in a

0:27:33.920 --> 0:27:37.280
<v Speaker 1>fire and thought maybe he was an asylum seeker who

0:27:37.359 --> 0:27:40.280
<v Speaker 1>had disappeared years before, and so they were trying to

0:27:40.320 --> 0:27:43.200
<v Speaker 1>find out if this was the same the burned body

0:27:43.280 --> 0:27:46.000
<v Speaker 1>that they found was the same as this asylum seeker.

0:27:46.440 --> 0:27:49.520
<v Speaker 1>They tested a card where they know that this asylum

0:27:49.600 --> 0:27:53.760
<v Speaker 1>seeker had given fingerprints, like here is my fingerprint d

0:27:53.880 --> 0:27:58.359
<v Speaker 1>NA right here, and it matched the phantom. And they said,

0:27:58.440 --> 0:28:01.960
<v Speaker 1>well that all right, I know this phantom matches have

0:28:02.040 --> 0:28:05.879
<v Speaker 1>been crazy, but this is literally impossible. We know who

0:28:05.960 --> 0:28:09.119
<v Speaker 1>this man was and it is a man. It is

0:28:09.160 --> 0:28:11.679
<v Speaker 1>not a woman who had committed these crimes. So they

0:28:11.720 --> 0:28:15.280
<v Speaker 1>said let's retest it and the DNA has disappeared from

0:28:15.320 --> 0:28:18.840
<v Speaker 1>the card. And then everyone went, well, what in the

0:28:18.840 --> 0:28:21.880
<v Speaker 1>wide wide world sports is are going on here? Right?

0:28:22.560 --> 0:28:26.199
<v Speaker 1>And before they could answer that question, a German magazine

0:28:26.640 --> 0:28:32.199
<v Speaker 1>named Stern came out and said, um, guys, there is

0:28:32.240 --> 0:28:37.000
<v Speaker 1>no phantom of heil Braun who. Yeah, they've been chasing

0:28:37.359 --> 0:28:43.960
<v Speaker 1>false positives from DNA matches, likely from contaminated equipment or swabs, right,

0:28:44.240 --> 0:28:48.520
<v Speaker 1>And what they realized they had literally been tracking were

0:28:48.720 --> 0:28:53.440
<v Speaker 1>cotton swabs. They have been tracking the DNA of a

0:28:53.680 --> 0:28:57.160
<v Speaker 1>woman who worked in a cotton swab factory that they

0:28:57.320 --> 0:29:01.520
<v Speaker 1>used to um take DNA sample from. That was the

0:29:01.560 --> 0:29:04.920
<v Speaker 1>phantom of Heilbron was a I think a seventy one

0:29:05.000 --> 0:29:07.880
<v Speaker 1>year old Polish grandmother who worked in the factory of

0:29:07.920 --> 0:29:10.760
<v Speaker 1>the cotton swapmaker. Yeah, so I tried to find out

0:29:10.840 --> 0:29:15.200
<v Speaker 1>who she was specifically, I couldn't and I also found

0:29:15.240 --> 0:29:19.480
<v Speaker 1>that it was there were quite a few older Polish women.

0:29:19.680 --> 0:29:22.120
<v Speaker 1>I guess that kind of thing happened sometimes where you

0:29:22.200 --> 0:29:24.680
<v Speaker 1>hire a bunch of people out from an area, So

0:29:25.000 --> 0:29:28.280
<v Speaker 1>it could have possibly been from other women in that

0:29:28.400 --> 0:29:31.000
<v Speaker 1>same area who worked at the factory. Because I couldn't

0:29:31.000 --> 0:29:35.680
<v Speaker 1>find her actual name, did you not that? I feel

0:29:35.760 --> 0:29:38.760
<v Speaker 1>like I did see it somewhere in one of the articles. Okay,

0:29:38.760 --> 0:29:40.800
<v Speaker 1>I didn't know if they tried to grant her a

0:29:41.960 --> 0:29:46.840
<v Speaker 1>non unminimon I don't. I swear, I swear I saw it.

0:29:46.880 --> 0:29:49.920
<v Speaker 1>I'm almost positive because I could see why they be. Yeah,

0:29:49.960 --> 0:29:52.520
<v Speaker 1>they'd make her anonymous. But then in retrospect, she didn't

0:29:52.600 --> 0:29:56.040
<v Speaker 1>do anything wrong. It wasn't her. But you avoid people

0:29:56.120 --> 0:29:59.040
<v Speaker 1>from bothering this old lady. Sure, But as a matter

0:29:59.080 --> 0:30:01.320
<v Speaker 1>of fact, the cops. The first thing the cops did

0:30:01.400 --> 0:30:03.840
<v Speaker 1>was throw the maker of these cotton swabs right under

0:30:03.880 --> 0:30:07.480
<v Speaker 1>the bus. Because you can imagine everybody, the phantom of Heilbron,

0:30:07.920 --> 0:30:12.760
<v Speaker 1>this internationally described criminal that the cops have been after

0:30:12.880 --> 0:30:17.160
<v Speaker 1>for years, that the Heilbron police alone spent sixteen thousand

0:30:17.320 --> 0:30:22.240
<v Speaker 1>overtime hours trying to catch, didn't exist. There was no phantom.

0:30:22.280 --> 0:30:24.680
<v Speaker 1>It was such a on the cops faces that you

0:30:24.960 --> 0:30:28.120
<v Speaker 1>they're still peeling it off. And so of course they said,

0:30:28.360 --> 0:30:31.000
<v Speaker 1>this is the manufacturer's fault. What the hay is going on?

0:30:31.240 --> 0:30:33.480
<v Speaker 1>Why is there other people's d n A on these

0:30:33.480 --> 0:30:37.240
<v Speaker 1>cotton swabs when you're double double packaging, and we considered

0:30:37.280 --> 0:30:40.240
<v Speaker 1>these one one cops said the Mercedes of cotton swabs,

0:30:40.520 --> 0:30:43.800
<v Speaker 1>and the manufacturers like, well, we never said you could

0:30:43.880 --> 0:30:46.640
<v Speaker 1>use them for d N a collection. Yeah. They've fired

0:30:46.640 --> 0:30:49.000
<v Speaker 1>back pretty quickly and said these are for testing food

0:30:49.080 --> 0:30:55.840
<v Speaker 1>guys or medical testing, hygienic tests like definitely not collecting DNA. UM.

0:30:56.480 --> 0:30:58.960
<v Speaker 1>I don't think we mentioned either before this even happened.

0:30:59.320 --> 0:31:01.719
<v Speaker 1>As soon as it sort of came out from Stern

0:31:01.760 --> 0:31:05.120
<v Speaker 1>the magazine, there were investigators that said, sort of on

0:31:05.160 --> 0:31:08.640
<v Speaker 1>the downlow, for at least six months, we've been kind

0:31:08.640 --> 0:31:11.040
<v Speaker 1>of wondering and investigating whether or not this could have

0:31:11.080 --> 0:31:15.800
<v Speaker 1>been a contaminated evidence case. Yeah. The other investigators were like, well,

0:31:15.800 --> 0:31:18.760
<v Speaker 1>thank you for even mentioning that to us. They kept

0:31:18.760 --> 0:31:22.160
<v Speaker 1>that pretty quiet though, Um to put a button on.

0:31:22.240 --> 0:31:26.240
<v Speaker 1>The Bavarian thing is, Bavaria did not source their swabs

0:31:26.920 --> 0:31:29.640
<v Speaker 1>from this company. So that's explains why there was never

0:31:29.680 --> 0:31:32.400
<v Speaker 1>any DNA even though Bavaria is right there where all

0:31:32.400 --> 0:31:35.040
<v Speaker 1>these crimes were happening. Yeah, and the company was Grinder

0:31:35.080 --> 0:31:38.160
<v Speaker 1>bio One International, a g and the thing that that

0:31:38.320 --> 0:31:40.719
<v Speaker 1>claimed that they were like, well, we never said this

0:31:40.760 --> 0:31:43.440
<v Speaker 1>is for DNA collection. It's for like food, food stuff

0:31:43.440 --> 0:31:46.560
<v Speaker 1>sampling and stuff like that. Um. The cops were like,

0:31:46.560 --> 0:31:48.880
<v Speaker 1>well then why have you been selling them to police

0:31:48.920 --> 0:31:54.120
<v Speaker 1>departments all over Austria and Germany? Um, you know, what's what?

0:31:54.120 --> 0:31:56.640
<v Speaker 1>What did you think we were using them for? And

0:31:56.760 --> 0:31:59.520
<v Speaker 1>the company was just like you wint them out and

0:31:59.560 --> 0:32:01.760
<v Speaker 1>it was like it's the same you know. Yeah, there

0:32:01.800 --> 0:32:06.360
<v Speaker 1>was a PR spokesperson shaped dust cloud just left at

0:32:06.360 --> 0:32:08.760
<v Speaker 1>the podium. That was it. Well, they're like, I thought

0:32:08.760 --> 0:32:12.320
<v Speaker 1>you were testing your give a coke, take a coke,

0:32:13.440 --> 0:32:19.680
<v Speaker 1>saying in your office your honor your coke machine honor system. Alright,

0:32:19.720 --> 0:32:21.840
<v Speaker 1>so I guess, uh, we should talk a little bit

0:32:21.840 --> 0:32:25.320
<v Speaker 1>about what this what happened because of this? Um it was,

0:32:25.480 --> 0:32:28.960
<v Speaker 1>like you said, a big humiliation for the German police. Um.

0:32:29.040 --> 0:32:31.200
<v Speaker 1>It was also a bit of a hit on d

0:32:31.360 --> 0:32:35.480
<v Speaker 1>N a sampling. Um. You know, we've talked about DNA

0:32:35.520 --> 0:32:39.800
<v Speaker 1>a lot over the years, and DNA is great in

0:32:39.880 --> 0:32:44.080
<v Speaker 1>collection of DNA for exoneration and for for proving someone

0:32:44.080 --> 0:32:46.280
<v Speaker 1>as guilty as is amazing and it's really come a

0:32:46.320 --> 0:32:49.520
<v Speaker 1>long way. But DNA has always sort of giveth and

0:32:49.520 --> 0:32:53.080
<v Speaker 1>taketh away in certain cases. Uh, it's not perfect, Like

0:32:53.160 --> 0:32:55.600
<v Speaker 1>Livia says it's not a silver bullet, and I think

0:32:55.640 --> 0:32:57.720
<v Speaker 1>it was sort of has always kind of been painted

0:32:57.760 --> 0:33:02.000
<v Speaker 1>that way, especially for juries are like, you know, when

0:33:02.040 --> 0:33:04.360
<v Speaker 1>they see DNA evidence, I think the first thing you

0:33:04.400 --> 0:33:07.120
<v Speaker 1>think is that's like as iron glad as it gets. Yeah,

0:33:07.160 --> 0:33:10.200
<v Speaker 1>and that's not necessarily always the case. No, And as

0:33:10.200 --> 0:33:12.040
<v Speaker 1>a matter of fact, if you zoom out a couple

0:33:12.080 --> 0:33:14.720
<v Speaker 1>of orders of magnitude and look at this case, the

0:33:14.720 --> 0:33:18.640
<v Speaker 1>Phantom of Heilbron case needed to happen because people were

0:33:18.680 --> 0:33:22.880
<v Speaker 1>being convicted on circumstantial DNA evidence alone, like their DNA

0:33:22.920 --> 0:33:25.040
<v Speaker 1>had been found in the scene, not on the murder weapon,

0:33:25.200 --> 0:33:27.760
<v Speaker 1>not on the body, just at the scene, and people

0:33:27.760 --> 0:33:30.560
<v Speaker 1>are going to prison for that kind of stuff because judges,

0:33:30.680 --> 0:33:34.760
<v Speaker 1>juries prosecutors saw DNA is like infallible. Basically, if your

0:33:34.840 --> 0:33:37.720
<v Speaker 1>DNA was there, you were guilty essentially. So the Phantom

0:33:37.720 --> 0:33:40.680
<v Speaker 1>of heil Bron case really slowed that down. And like

0:33:40.720 --> 0:33:43.920
<v Speaker 1>you said, it didn't say d there's there's a lot

0:33:43.960 --> 0:33:47.800
<v Speaker 1>wrong with DNA in using that for forensics. It's hey,

0:33:47.840 --> 0:33:50.239
<v Speaker 1>this is a really good way to to come up

0:33:50.240 --> 0:33:52.680
<v Speaker 1>with evidence, but you need to also do the old

0:33:52.720 --> 0:33:55.840
<v Speaker 1>fashioned police work to fill it out to make sure

0:33:55.880 --> 0:33:58.080
<v Speaker 1>you have the right person. So it just kind of

0:33:58.280 --> 0:34:01.240
<v Speaker 1>slowed everybody down in like it was. I think it

0:34:01.320 --> 0:34:04.120
<v Speaker 1>was really necessary because this is like the time when

0:34:04.240 --> 0:34:07.360
<v Speaker 1>c s I was at its peak yet TV show

0:34:07.480 --> 0:34:10.440
<v Speaker 1>was huge at like in two thousand and eight um

0:34:10.960 --> 0:34:14.239
<v Speaker 1>and and like that had that was because everybody thought

0:34:14.239 --> 0:34:16.000
<v Speaker 1>of d n A in that way, So it was

0:34:16.040 --> 0:34:19.440
<v Speaker 1>good it happened in a sense. Yeah. Absolutely. There was

0:34:19.480 --> 0:34:23.560
<v Speaker 1>one case, if you want to get specific from Olivia

0:34:23.680 --> 0:34:25.279
<v Speaker 1>dug Up for us, where there was an English cab

0:34:25.360 --> 0:34:29.680
<v Speaker 1>driver whose DNA was discovered from the fingernails of a

0:34:29.760 --> 0:34:32.840
<v Speaker 1>murdered woman. And you know, a jury, here's that and

0:34:32.840 --> 0:34:35.879
<v Speaker 1>they're like fingernails, Like of course he did it because

0:34:35.880 --> 0:34:38.080
<v Speaker 1>she was fighting him off and got his DNA under

0:34:38.080 --> 0:34:41.880
<v Speaker 1>her fingernails. But it was someone who rode in his

0:34:42.000 --> 0:34:44.600
<v Speaker 1>cab and got a little little bit of that d

0:34:44.719 --> 0:34:46.880
<v Speaker 1>NA on him, killed this woman and got that d

0:34:47.040 --> 0:34:50.200
<v Speaker 1>n A on her. Uh. And I believe the cabby

0:34:50.280 --> 0:34:52.840
<v Speaker 1>spent eight months in jail before they found out the

0:34:52.840 --> 0:34:55.640
<v Speaker 1>truth and acquitted him. So that's a tough one though.

0:34:55.800 --> 0:34:58.400
<v Speaker 1>Well sure, I mean that's an outlier, but it's just

0:34:58.440 --> 0:35:01.160
<v Speaker 1>a good example of how it needs you need to

0:35:01.160 --> 0:35:03.399
<v Speaker 1>tread a little lighter. I think one of the other

0:35:03.440 --> 0:35:05.560
<v Speaker 1>things though, is it's not like this should have been

0:35:05.600 --> 0:35:10.000
<v Speaker 1>a surprise for everybody, UM that d N A wasn't

0:35:10.080 --> 0:35:14.880
<v Speaker 1>infallible because back in our friend or shoot or shot,

0:35:15.520 --> 0:35:17.160
<v Speaker 1>the guy who said, hey, you can get d NA

0:35:17.239 --> 0:35:20.359
<v Speaker 1>off of everything, his his research also showed you can

0:35:20.400 --> 0:35:24.400
<v Speaker 1>also really really easily contaminate anything with d NA, So

0:35:24.440 --> 0:35:26.640
<v Speaker 1>we should all be very careful. Everybody's like all we

0:35:26.719 --> 0:35:28.960
<v Speaker 1>heard was we can get DNA samples off of anything.

0:35:29.360 --> 0:35:31.160
<v Speaker 1>There's like, we didn't hear all that. We weren't within

0:35:31.320 --> 0:35:37.879
<v Speaker 1>or shot. Oh man, that was amazing, chuck, holy hate.

0:35:38.440 --> 0:35:42.719
<v Speaker 1>But that was that filled my heart. So there was

0:35:42.960 --> 0:35:47.320
<v Speaker 1>there's an international standard, the International Organization for Standardization, I

0:35:47.360 --> 0:35:51.400
<v Speaker 1>should say an international organization UM. They published a new

0:35:51.480 --> 0:35:55.520
<v Speaker 1>standard called i s O three eight five that basically says,

0:35:55.640 --> 0:35:59.800
<v Speaker 1>this is how you UM collect forensic evidence with DNA

0:36:00.239 --> 0:36:04.400
<v Speaker 1>to minimize UM contamination that kind of stuff. And I

0:36:04.440 --> 0:36:08.279
<v Speaker 1>read a forensic blog UM who was who said were

0:36:08.320 --> 0:36:12.240
<v Speaker 1>these were the the DNA analysts not even doing control samples?

0:36:12.520 --> 0:36:14.640
<v Speaker 1>And I went and looked it up. And a control

0:36:14.680 --> 0:36:16.799
<v Speaker 1>sample is one of the most basic things you can

0:36:16.800 --> 0:36:19.600
<v Speaker 1>do where you take your cotton swab that has, like say,

0:36:19.640 --> 0:36:22.680
<v Speaker 1>a blood stain on it, and you pull off a

0:36:22.680 --> 0:36:25.759
<v Speaker 1>little bit of the cotton swab that's not stained, and

0:36:25.800 --> 0:36:28.200
<v Speaker 1>you test them both to make sure that the cotton

0:36:28.200 --> 0:36:30.920
<v Speaker 1>swab that's not staying doesn't come back with any genetic material.

0:36:31.040 --> 0:36:34.440
<v Speaker 1>If it does, your sample is compromised. And they weren't

0:36:34.480 --> 0:36:36.319
<v Speaker 1>doing that apparently, or else they would have figured this

0:36:36.360 --> 0:36:40.040
<v Speaker 1>out almost immediately. So they were not doing very basic stuff.

0:36:40.520 --> 0:36:43.520
<v Speaker 1>And maybe it's because it hadn't been standardized, like this

0:36:43.560 --> 0:36:45.759
<v Speaker 1>is what you're supposed to do by that time. But

0:36:45.960 --> 0:36:48.680
<v Speaker 1>you know, in two thousands sixteen, finally they got around

0:36:48.680 --> 0:36:51.040
<v Speaker 1>to saying, here's how you do it. Right. It's like

0:36:51.080 --> 0:36:53.879
<v Speaker 1>when you put on a band aid. You take off

0:36:54.080 --> 0:36:57.120
<v Speaker 1>the peely part and you hold it by the sticky part.

0:36:57.160 --> 0:37:00.560
<v Speaker 1>You don't hold it by the bandage, right, and then

0:37:00.640 --> 0:37:03.600
<v Speaker 1>you take a sample of the bandage and then you

0:37:03.680 --> 0:37:07.640
<v Speaker 1>run it through your DNA profiling machine. Sure so, and

0:37:07.640 --> 0:37:10.200
<v Speaker 1>there's actually those things exist. Now, there's something called rapid

0:37:10.280 --> 0:37:15.279
<v Speaker 1>DNA machines. Yeah, because DNA is not going anywhere, nor

0:37:15.320 --> 0:37:17.800
<v Speaker 1>should it. You can look no further than the Golden

0:37:17.800 --> 0:37:21.720
<v Speaker 1>State killer case. Where they actually caught the serial killer

0:37:21.760 --> 0:37:25.400
<v Speaker 1>who killed like scores of people, are raped scores of

0:37:25.440 --> 0:37:29.320
<v Speaker 1>women and killed I think a dozen or more people. Um,

0:37:29.360 --> 0:37:31.560
<v Speaker 1>just through his DNA They found it through like a

0:37:31.600 --> 0:37:35.640
<v Speaker 1>genetic genealogy site. Um, they discovered this guy. So yeah,

0:37:35.800 --> 0:37:37.759
<v Speaker 1>you don't actually want to get rid of d n A.

0:37:38.200 --> 0:37:40.759
<v Speaker 1>But what seems to be problematic is we're going a

0:37:40.800 --> 0:37:44.640
<v Speaker 1>different way where now police stations have these rapid DNA

0:37:44.719 --> 0:37:47.160
<v Speaker 1>machines where you just throw a cotton swab in and

0:37:47.200 --> 0:37:49.839
<v Speaker 1>it spits out a genetic profile that you can run

0:37:50.239 --> 0:37:54.719
<v Speaker 1>in CODIS. But that you're taking the professional analyst out

0:37:54.760 --> 0:37:57.440
<v Speaker 1>of the out of the equation, and that seems dangerous

0:37:57.480 --> 0:38:01.240
<v Speaker 1>to a lot of people. Yeah. Absolutely, Um to button

0:38:01.320 --> 0:38:03.800
<v Speaker 1>up the original case that sort of got this all started,

0:38:04.320 --> 0:38:08.680
<v Speaker 1>which was the murder of Officer Michel Kaisaveta. Um it

0:38:08.800 --> 0:38:12.040
<v Speaker 1>was Nazis, uh. What they found out, it was a

0:38:12.160 --> 0:38:15.400
<v Speaker 1>very small terror of cell of just three people, the

0:38:15.480 --> 0:38:20.080
<v Speaker 1>National Socialists underground uh, and they were tied to the

0:38:20.160 --> 0:38:22.560
<v Speaker 1>larger Nazi movement, but they carried out a series of

0:38:22.640 --> 0:38:30.040
<v Speaker 1>murders throughout Germany from two thousand seven and all except

0:38:30.080 --> 0:38:33.759
<v Speaker 1>for the officers, all the other victims were immigrants, one

0:38:33.840 --> 0:38:37.680
<v Speaker 1>Greek citizen and eight of Turkish origin. And it was

0:38:37.719 --> 0:38:43.080
<v Speaker 1>two members of that group Uei Mundlos and Ui Bernhardt,

0:38:43.400 --> 0:38:47.120
<v Speaker 1>the two the two Ouhis. They robbed a bank um

0:38:47.239 --> 0:38:50.880
<v Speaker 1>in Eisenhocken, Germany. They were spotted um and this is

0:38:50.920 --> 0:38:53.799
<v Speaker 1>after after the murder. This is in and how they

0:38:53.840 --> 0:38:56.520
<v Speaker 1>got caught, well, not quite caught, but they were spotted.

0:38:56.560 --> 0:39:00.040
<v Speaker 1>And as police approached their burned out care of and

0:39:00.120 --> 0:39:04.040
<v Speaker 1>where they were hiding out, Moondlow's killed Boondhardt and then

0:39:04.120 --> 0:39:08.080
<v Speaker 1>himself and what looked like a murder suicide, even though

0:39:08.120 --> 0:39:12.279
<v Speaker 1>I think Brunehardt's last words were wall hold on man,

0:39:13.120 --> 0:39:16.080
<v Speaker 1>that's dark, that's dark. But these are Nazis. But they

0:39:16.120 --> 0:39:21.120
<v Speaker 1>also they they linked these guys to her murder um

0:39:21.160 --> 0:39:24.799
<v Speaker 1>directly using DNA analysis. They found sweatpants that had been

0:39:24.840 --> 0:39:29.720
<v Speaker 1>stained with blood that match Kaisa Vetters DNA and that

0:39:29.719 --> 0:39:32.400
<v Speaker 1>that's that's kind of neat how it came full circle

0:39:32.480 --> 0:39:34.960
<v Speaker 1>like that. But at the same time, it also strongly

0:39:35.000 --> 0:39:38.320
<v Speaker 1>suggests that these guys were wearing sweatpants with the police

0:39:38.320 --> 0:39:41.240
<v Speaker 1>woman's blood on them for three years. That's how gross

0:39:41.280 --> 0:39:44.560
<v Speaker 1>these stupid Nazis were. Yeah, and you know, it's even

0:39:44.560 --> 0:39:47.520
<v Speaker 1>funnier as I believe it's keys of Vetter After I

0:39:47.520 --> 0:39:49.440
<v Speaker 1>had my whole thing at the beginning about the I

0:39:49.600 --> 0:39:52.879
<v Speaker 1>and the E in German? Who keys of vetters? Even better? Yeah,

0:39:53.000 --> 0:39:54.840
<v Speaker 1>I think I screwed up the whole thing. We just

0:39:55.040 --> 0:39:58.480
<v Speaker 1>record it all, let's start from the beginning. So there

0:39:58.480 --> 0:40:01.400
<v Speaker 1>were two other outcomes from this. One was, hey, you guys,

0:40:01.840 --> 0:40:08.000
<v Speaker 1>UM ignored the murder of eight Turks and one Greek citizen. UM,

0:40:08.040 --> 0:40:12.040
<v Speaker 1>but yet you spent sixteen thousand overtime hours chasing the phantom?

0:40:12.600 --> 0:40:14.960
<v Speaker 1>How is that work? Why are you doing that? And

0:40:15.000 --> 0:40:18.520
<v Speaker 1>then also it really showed and revealed just how much

0:40:18.840 --> 0:40:23.840
<v Speaker 1>UM investigators will bend and shape their theories into really weird,

0:40:24.480 --> 0:40:28.840
<v Speaker 1>ridiculous shapes just to make it fit the DNA evidence,

0:40:28.960 --> 0:40:32.200
<v Speaker 1>rather than stopping and being like, wait, what what is

0:40:32.239 --> 0:40:34.480
<v Speaker 1>this again? This doesn't make any sense? Are we do

0:40:34.560 --> 0:40:36.560
<v Speaker 1>we have the right Are we on the right track?

0:40:38.640 --> 0:40:41.680
<v Speaker 1>So that's it, everybody, that's the Phantom of Heilbron. It

0:40:41.800 --> 0:40:44.920
<v Speaker 1>was a good one. That's an amazing story. And if

0:40:44.920 --> 0:40:46.880
<v Speaker 1>you want to know more about the Phantom of Heilbron,

0:40:46.880 --> 0:40:49.520
<v Speaker 1>you can search that on your favorite search engine and

0:40:49.600 --> 0:40:52.439
<v Speaker 1>jump down that rabbit hole. And since I said rabbit hole,

0:40:52.680 --> 0:40:55.200
<v Speaker 1>as always, that means it's time for a listener mail.

0:40:58.320 --> 0:41:00.960
<v Speaker 1>This is a very kind of cool little thedendum from

0:41:01.040 --> 0:41:05.480
<v Speaker 1>Eve in Libertyville, Illinois. Hey guys, well, listening to the

0:41:05.520 --> 0:41:08.560
<v Speaker 1>Selects episode on invasive species and one of you kind

0:41:08.560 --> 0:41:11.680
<v Speaker 1>of joke that would be crazy to shoot invasive plants

0:41:11.719 --> 0:41:15.320
<v Speaker 1>to eliminate them. And now it's been years since that episode,

0:41:15.320 --> 0:41:19.120
<v Speaker 1>but get this. I recently watched a nature documentary, Green

0:41:19.160 --> 0:41:21.840
<v Speaker 1>Planet with David Edinborough, which is awesome, and there's a

0:41:21.880 --> 0:41:26.120
<v Speaker 1>section on shooting invasive plants. Uh. In Maui, there's an

0:41:26.120 --> 0:41:29.560
<v Speaker 1>invasive plant called the micnia that's native to Mexico, and

0:41:29.640 --> 0:41:33.200
<v Speaker 1>sharp shooters and helicopters are being used to shoot the

0:41:33.239 --> 0:41:37.880
<v Speaker 1>plants growing on steep hillsides with herbicides without affecting the

0:41:38.000 --> 0:41:40.799
<v Speaker 1>entire ecosystem. Just another example of creative ways people have

0:41:40.840 --> 0:41:44.880
<v Speaker 1>found to fight invasive species. Attached to link. Thanks for

0:41:44.920 --> 0:41:48.919
<v Speaker 1>all you do. Eve in Libertyville, Illinois. Amazing, Thanks Eve.

0:41:49.360 --> 0:41:52.560
<v Speaker 1>Did we did we create that? Chuck? Did we cause that? Yeah?

0:41:52.600 --> 0:41:56.040
<v Speaker 1>I don't know. Let's say we did, Okay, between you

0:41:56.120 --> 0:41:58.719
<v Speaker 1>me and Eve, we we did we came up with that.

0:41:59.000 --> 0:42:03.239
<v Speaker 1>I know I got Jared of Subway arrested and boy

0:42:03.360 --> 0:42:08.879
<v Speaker 1>did I misjudge him? Uh So that was from Eve. Eve. Eve,

0:42:08.960 --> 0:42:10.839
<v Speaker 1>thanks a lot for that one. We always love hearing

0:42:10.880 --> 0:42:14.120
<v Speaker 1>new facts about old episodes, and you can send us

0:42:14.520 --> 0:42:18.040
<v Speaker 1>an email like Eve did to stuff podcast at iHeart

0:42:18.120 --> 0:42:23.760
<v Speaker 1>radio dot com. Stuff you Should Know is a production

0:42:23.800 --> 0:42:26.720
<v Speaker 1>of I heart Radio. For more podcasts my heart Radio,

0:42:26.960 --> 0:42:30.040
<v Speaker 1>visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you

0:42:30.120 --> 0:42:31.400
<v Speaker 1>listen to your favorite shows.