WEBVTT - At Long Last: Hawaiian Overthrow Episode 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:03.400 Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of My 0:00:03.600 --> 0:00:12.800 Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. 0:00:12.920 --> 0:00:17.400 I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles w. Chuck, Brian over there aloha. 0:00:18.079 --> 0:00:22.560 Uh and Jerry's out there somewhere aloha. And um, this 0:00:22.600 --> 0:00:29.080 is Stuff you should Know. How Melaka laki laka that's announced. Yeah, 0:00:29.160 --> 0:00:32.280 that's actually a little known fact. That's the Hawaiian way 0:00:32.520 --> 0:00:37.320 to say Merry Christmas to you. I didn't know the story, 0:00:37.400 --> 0:00:40.640 by the way, this is pretty interesting. Um yeah, yeah, 0:00:40.720 --> 0:00:42.680 I have to say, Chuck. Before we get started. We 0:00:42.720 --> 0:00:45.920 have to give a huge shout out huge to a dude. 0:00:45.960 --> 0:00:48.520 I don't know his name, but he's on Instagram as 0:00:48.640 --> 0:00:53.599 people Kanaka Kai. Okay, well maybe that's his name, so 0:00:53.920 --> 0:00:56.560 what maybe so? Or it could be Kai Kanaka who knows. 0:00:56.720 --> 0:01:00.200 He calls himself the Hawaiian Hillbilly, but he had is 0:01:00.280 --> 0:01:03.160 every time we post an episode, he goes on and 0:01:03.240 --> 0:01:08.200 comments Hawaiian overthrow episode please. He's been doing it for 0:01:08.360 --> 0:01:12.880 like years, So Kanaka Kai, this one is for you man, 0:01:13.360 --> 0:01:15.679 and that long last and now he doesn't have to 0:01:15.720 --> 0:01:19.800 jump into the big woo right. So what I'm hoping though, 0:01:19.840 --> 0:01:22.560 is that he's not like super well versed in this 0:01:22.680 --> 0:01:25.840 is just going to be inevitably disappointed. Hopefully, it's just 0:01:25.880 --> 0:01:27.840 something he wants to know more about, so he's been 0:01:27.880 --> 0:01:30.600 asking for it for that one. Well, I'm glad he 0:01:31.200 --> 0:01:33.760 trolld us for years because this is a really interesting 0:01:33.800 --> 0:01:37.520 and not at all surprising story. No it's not. And um, 0:01:38.000 --> 0:01:41.480 basically what we're talking about today is the overthrow of Hawaii. 0:01:41.800 --> 0:01:44.560 And it turns out that Hawaii one of the most 0:01:44.560 --> 0:01:47.600 beautiful states in the Union, probably the most beautiful state 0:01:47.640 --> 0:01:49.640 in the Union, the state where you me and I 0:01:49.680 --> 0:01:54.880 got married. In fact, sure, sure, if you're into tropical paradise, 0:01:55.000 --> 0:01:58.040 is there's not much better. Somebody for Montana might be like, 0:01:58.240 --> 0:02:00.840 you can have it with these mountains. Although I could 0:02:00.880 --> 0:02:03.559 see Montana people going to Hawaiian being like, I've been wrong, 0:02:03.880 --> 0:02:08.520 so wrong all my life and these boots are really uncomfortable. Right. So, um, 0:02:08.520 --> 0:02:11.359 it is a beautiful state. But if you go back 0:02:11.400 --> 0:02:15.360 not too very far, you will find that, um, there's 0:02:15.400 --> 0:02:18.400 a lot of arguments you could make that it should 0:02:18.440 --> 0:02:22.600 not be a state in any way, shape or form. Yeah, 0:02:23.000 --> 0:02:26.800 and I'm curious about the about the current temperature of 0:02:27.639 --> 0:02:32.800 native Hawaiian people and how they feel about that now. Yeah, yeah, 0:02:32.880 --> 0:02:35.440 Well we'll get to that eventually. Do you know, I 0:02:35.800 --> 0:02:37.920 don't know about the temperature of the Hawaiian people, but 0:02:38.000 --> 0:02:40.840 I know about some some proposals to help kind of 0:02:40.880 --> 0:02:44.040 reverse r undo some of the damage. I understood. That's 0:02:44.120 --> 0:02:47.640 for the end. Well, I guess we should go back 0:02:48.360 --> 0:02:52.359 some many thousands of years and talk about the settling 0:02:52.400 --> 0:02:56.360 of the Hawaiian islands by the Polynesian people about you know, 0:02:57.600 --> 0:02:59.880 years ago, maybe a thousand years ago, somewhere in there. 0:03:00.720 --> 0:03:04.320 And for many, many hundreds of years there were the 0:03:04.360 --> 0:03:09.040 control of of Hawaii was by chiefs and then sub chiefs, 0:03:09.120 --> 0:03:13.160 and these chiefs claimed that they were divine in origin, 0:03:13.880 --> 0:03:17.239 and they said, we have a set of very strict 0:03:17.240 --> 0:03:21.320 religious um rules that we should follow, called the cop Who, 0:03:22.120 --> 0:03:25.760 And that you know wasn't so popular over the years. 0:03:26.240 --> 0:03:28.360 Well it depends. I mean, like if you were born 0:03:28.400 --> 0:03:31.200 into that society and that was what you knew, that 0:03:31.320 --> 0:03:33.520 was just what you knew. But I get the impression 0:03:33.560 --> 0:03:37.880 that over the centuries some chiefs and sub chiefs enforced 0:03:37.880 --> 0:03:41.560 the cop Who more than others. And um. One of 0:03:41.600 --> 0:03:45.520 the big bases of the cop Who laws, is that 0:03:45.640 --> 0:03:48.200 there was a strict separation of men and women, and 0:03:48.280 --> 0:03:51.360 men were divine and women were profane, and that they 0:03:51.440 --> 0:03:54.280 represented kind of like light and dark and you have 0:03:54.320 --> 0:03:56.160 to have you can't have one without the others, so 0:03:56.200 --> 0:03:59.400 they need each other. But also men were still definitely 0:03:59.400 --> 0:04:02.000 favorite and respect. But then if you also go look 0:04:02.000 --> 0:04:05.160 through Hawaiian history, there are also plenty of female rulers 0:04:05.200 --> 0:04:07.920 as well, so it's a it's really interesting. Kapu could 0:04:07.920 --> 0:04:11.360 probably get its own episode, and I'm sure now we 0:04:11.400 --> 0:04:15.880 know what Kanaka Kai will be commenting on all on. 0:04:16.160 --> 0:04:17.920 But it was so they had their own like very 0:04:18.000 --> 0:04:23.479 strict social um stratification and religious laws for sure. Yeah. 0:04:23.520 --> 0:04:25.320 I think if Emily heard that, she would say, Chuck 0:04:25.400 --> 0:04:30.280 is not divine, but I am profane, So we're halfway there, right. 0:04:30.640 --> 0:04:35.640 Non profane women rarely make history. So speaking of making history, 0:04:36.000 --> 0:04:38.360 this is where a man named James Cook enters the picture. 0:04:39.120 --> 0:04:42.400 In the late seventeen hundreds, the very famous British explorer. 0:04:43.360 --> 0:04:46.479 He was the most notable. Uh, some people say the 0:04:46.480 --> 0:04:51.400 first European to visit Hawaii. UM, definitely the most notable 0:04:51.440 --> 0:04:54.440 because there is some um. You could make an argument 0:04:54.480 --> 0:04:56.920 that the Spanish were there before him at some point. Yeah, 0:04:56.960 --> 0:04:59.320 they have maps that appear to be Hawaii from like 0:04:59.360 --> 0:05:03.840 the sixteenth country. Yeah, so the Japanese as well. But um, 0:05:03.920 --> 0:05:07.360 Cook was the first person to go as an Englishman, 0:05:08.279 --> 0:05:10.680 which was a big deal as a colonizer and say, 0:05:10.760 --> 0:05:14.360 I'm charting this island or these islands, are going to 0:05:14.480 --> 0:05:18.440 name them the Sandwich Islands. Not a great name now, 0:05:18.520 --> 0:05:21.520 because well James Cook was well known for loving sandwiches, 0:05:21.640 --> 0:05:23.960 so sure he was so crazy actually that it was 0:05:24.080 --> 0:05:27.599 named for the Earl of Sandwich, John Montague. It's the 0:05:27.760 --> 0:05:30.520 very same Earl of Sandwich though the sandwiches are named for, 0:05:30.680 --> 0:05:33.839 So that guy was really he was an influencer in 0:05:33.880 --> 0:05:40.040 Hawaii's known for their sandwiches. Yeah, poise sandwiches. So Cook visits, Uh, 0:05:40.080 --> 0:05:44.240 he visits a few times, um, and kind of did 0:05:44.240 --> 0:05:46.160 a lot of traveling while he was there. So he 0:05:46.160 --> 0:05:48.560 he makes one visit and then just starts sort of 0:05:48.600 --> 0:05:53.560 exploring the islands around Hawaii. Eventually comes back kind of 0:05:53.560 --> 0:05:59.280 on that same trip and gets really aggressive at that point. Um, 0:05:59.320 --> 0:06:03.280 not a nice fellow, trying to do sort of the 0:06:03.279 --> 0:06:07.880 the colonizer thing here. Let me make a deal with you. Um, 0:06:08.200 --> 0:06:12.080 let me trade something that isn't very valuable for something 0:06:12.120 --> 0:06:15.880 that is very valuable, which is to say, your land, right, Um, 0:06:15.960 --> 0:06:18.520 and yeah, he was just basically doing the standard euro 0:06:19.080 --> 0:06:25.080 explorer thing, which trash explorer exploitation, trying to get everybody 0:06:25.120 --> 0:06:30.240 into Kraftwick, that whole thing, right. So um, so cook, 0:06:30.600 --> 0:06:34.560 I guess he overstepped his bounds finally and he was 0:06:34.560 --> 0:06:38.600 actually killed in a major battle, um after some of 0:06:38.680 --> 0:06:43.240 his his men kidnapped um a Hawaiian chief. Well, he 0:06:43.240 --> 0:06:45.920 he did it personally from what I saw, was that right, 0:06:45.920 --> 0:06:48.400 okay said by his own hand. Not a good move, 0:06:48.640 --> 0:06:51.360 not a good not a good move, um. Because one 0:06:51.400 --> 0:06:54.320 thing about the Hawaiian islands, they were ruled by those 0:06:54.360 --> 0:06:56.760 chiefs and sub chiefs, like you said. But I get 0:06:56.800 --> 0:07:01.960 the impression that, um, they were, they were united largely 0:07:02.000 --> 0:07:04.520 when it came to the kidnapping of any Hawaiian chief 0:07:04.560 --> 0:07:08.200 by a European outsider. Yeah. Like, you can fight with 0:07:08.240 --> 0:07:10.200 your brother, but if someone else picks on your brother, 0:07:11.520 --> 0:07:14.000 then you gotta you gotta join forces. Who would ever 0:07:14.080 --> 0:07:16.840 pick on Scott? Well? I was thinking of you and me, 0:07:17.040 --> 0:07:20.920 But sure, brother like real brothers too, write well and 0:07:21.040 --> 0:07:25.480 bloods I still have that scar on my palm. I 0:07:25.600 --> 0:07:29.840 actually mine was a squib. I faked it. I thought 0:07:29.880 --> 0:07:32.800 that tasted like a high fruit toast corn. So yeah, 0:07:32.880 --> 0:07:36.680 you're like chuck his sweet blood so sweet like Scott. 0:07:37.760 --> 0:07:42.480 So yeah, Cook is uh kidnaps this guy. They they 0:07:42.560 --> 0:07:46.280 did not respond very kindly to that, so they sent 0:07:46.360 --> 0:07:49.880 a faction down there too attack him in his boats. 0:07:49.920 --> 0:07:52.360 They were on the beach and that's where he died, 0:07:52.440 --> 0:07:55.160 faced down in in shallow water. He was bonked on 0:07:55.200 --> 0:07:58.800 the head by one chief I think, and then stabbed 0:07:58.840 --> 0:08:03.720 by that chiefs um kind of attendant, right right, So um, 0:08:03.760 --> 0:08:06.120 this is a This is a huge battle, a momentous 0:08:06.120 --> 0:08:09.640 battle in the history of of Hawaii. It was very important, 0:08:09.760 --> 0:08:12.800 and not just because James Cook died, but because there 0:08:12.920 --> 0:08:15.960 was a one of the I guess low level warriors 0:08:16.040 --> 0:08:19.560 there or middle middle class warriors I guess by the 0:08:19.640 --> 0:08:23.440 name of Camea Maya fought quite bravely in that battle, 0:08:24.120 --> 0:08:28.920 and Camea Maya actually went on to become the first 0:08:29.120 --> 0:08:34.200 genuinely influential Hawaiian chief, maybe the most significant Hawaiian chief 0:08:34.200 --> 0:08:37.200 of all time, because while he was there fighting the Europeans, 0:08:37.200 --> 0:08:40.640 He's like man, these guns, they they work really well. 0:08:40.679 --> 0:08:43.120 And you know, these Europeans are willing to sell him 0:08:43.120 --> 0:08:45.040 to you. And he figured out that if he could 0:08:45.080 --> 0:08:50.840 amass some European UM support and European weapons, he could 0:08:50.840 --> 0:08:53.760 get all of Hawaii basically under himself. And that's what 0:08:53.800 --> 0:08:56.000 he said about doing over the course of a couple 0:08:56.000 --> 0:08:59.800 of decades. Yeah, reading this stuff, this was the Grabster 0:09:00.160 --> 0:09:03.400 that helped us with this one. It seems I'm sorry, No, 0:09:03.480 --> 0:09:07.560 it was James Mishner. Oh really, no, you remember James 0:09:07.600 --> 0:09:11.040 Mischner would write those thousand page epics about like I 0:09:11.080 --> 0:09:14.880 think he wrote went on Hawaii basically. But this this crabs. 0:09:15.320 --> 0:09:21.600 So James misterrs this author could write these exhaustive historical fictions, um, 0:09:21.640 --> 0:09:23.080 and one of them was why. But they would be 0:09:23.080 --> 0:09:26.240 like a thousand pages easily. And I was making a 0:09:26.320 --> 0:09:31.320 jokey comment on Grabster's research skills. Yeah, English major over 0:09:31.400 --> 0:09:33.960 here flew right over my head. And by the way, 0:09:34.160 --> 0:09:36.240 a little quick side note that I wanted to mention, 0:09:36.600 --> 0:09:39.840 I am speaking of epic tones. I'm reading the Beatles 0:09:39.880 --> 0:09:44.760 biography from Bob Spitz that's like a thousand pages, and uh, 0:09:44.920 --> 0:09:46.440 one thing I wish we could have mentioned. I know 0:09:46.520 --> 0:09:48.599 you hate the Beatles, but one thing I wish we 0:09:48.679 --> 0:09:52.520 could have mentioned in the pirate radio thing was Radio Luxembourg. 0:09:53.040 --> 0:09:56.480 There would have been no Beatles without them because independently, Paul, 0:09:56.640 --> 0:10:00.920 George and John we're all on their own listening to 0:10:01.000 --> 0:10:04.480 Radio Luxembourg and that's what turned them onto that's cool, 0:10:04.559 --> 0:10:09.240 turn me on Radio Luxembourg. And uh wow, I did 0:10:09.240 --> 0:10:11.839 not see the Beatles making an appeance in this episode. 0:10:13.400 --> 0:10:17.800 So where are we now? Oh? I know what I 0:10:17.800 --> 0:10:20.320 was gonna say, was um a thread through this I 0:10:20.400 --> 0:10:25.880 found is that back then, uh Hawaiians were largely under armed. 0:10:26.200 --> 0:10:28.920 In most cases, that's a big thing. And then also, 0:10:29.120 --> 0:10:33.720 just like with all other um colonizations from outside European forces, 0:10:34.240 --> 0:10:39.600 disease basically paved the way for imperialism. Sure where even 0:10:39.679 --> 0:10:42.280 even if they were under armed and they didn't typically 0:10:42.280 --> 0:10:46.679 have standing militaries, um, I should say the Hawaiians didn't 0:10:47.600 --> 0:10:50.400 even if they had. There was like a plague that 0:10:50.440 --> 0:10:53.320 came around in eighteen oh three that killed off half 0:10:53.360 --> 0:10:56.520 of the population. They think it was yellow fever. Um. 0:10:56.720 --> 0:11:00.959 There was another measles outbreak about fifty years later that 0:11:01.080 --> 0:11:04.080 killed off another quarter of the population. So when you're 0:11:04.520 --> 0:11:07.400 dying off in like numbers like this, how could you 0:11:07.440 --> 0:11:11.199 possibly defend yourself, especially against people who have these superior 0:11:11.240 --> 0:11:15.400 weapons like guns, germs, and steel. As Jared Diamond put it, Yeah, 0:11:15.400 --> 0:11:17.959 I mean it's the it's the same story as as 0:11:18.360 --> 0:11:21.679 America and the native population here. You know, it's like, Hi, 0:11:21.880 --> 0:11:25.800 we're outsiders and we have guns, and here's some smallpox. 0:11:26.679 --> 0:11:29.960 But but God decreed that this this should be our 0:11:30.040 --> 0:11:31.960 land because he killed all of you off with these 0:11:31.960 --> 0:11:34.960 small pox right because you have no immunity. It's the 0:11:35.040 --> 0:11:40.840 same depressing story over and over again. It is. Um. 0:11:40.880 --> 0:11:44.959 So when Kameya was was ruling Hawaii, which was really 0:11:45.120 --> 0:11:48.400 he was firmly entrenched by the almost turn of the century, 0:11:48.840 --> 0:11:52.520 late seventeen hundreds. Uh, he was pushing and you know, 0:11:52.559 --> 0:11:55.440 so much of this boils down to money and class, 0:11:56.080 --> 0:11:59.199 and he was really pushing for trade with Europe. Um. 0:11:59.280 --> 0:12:02.520 He wanted the elite landholders of Hawaii to kind of 0:12:02.520 --> 0:12:07.320 remain in that position. Um. He was traditionally religious with 0:12:07.400 --> 0:12:11.160 the Kapu and supported that. But he was very much 0:12:11.320 --> 0:12:14.439 you know, like let's let's enrich ourselves as sort of 0:12:14.480 --> 0:12:18.000 the ruling class. For for sure, but he also and 0:12:18.040 --> 0:12:22.720 he was also very open to the idea of exploiting 0:12:23.000 --> 0:12:28.080 European influence for you know, to strengthen his his kingdom, 0:12:29.000 --> 0:12:31.080 his house, I guess, is what it's called. He actually 0:12:31.080 --> 0:12:35.280 had two advisors, Isaac Davis and John Young, uh englishman 0:12:35.320 --> 0:12:39.360 and a Welshman um who were his closest advisors. And 0:12:39.400 --> 0:12:42.320 apparently I can't remember which one it was, but when 0:12:42.320 --> 0:12:45.480 one of them, whenever they would part company, Kamahomyo would 0:12:45.520 --> 0:12:48.160 just begin sobbing because he just knew one day that 0:12:48.240 --> 0:12:51.120 they he was going to leave, and he just loved 0:12:51.160 --> 0:12:54.640 him that much. Yeah, it is very interesting. It's one 0:12:54.640 --> 0:12:56.760 of those things where you know, we were raised as 0:12:56.840 --> 0:13:02.439 like Anglo Euro American boys in the eastern seaboard of 0:13:02.480 --> 0:13:06.080 the United States, right in the Midwest. So when you 0:13:06.160 --> 0:13:09.800 research history like this, it's just like Hawaiian chief did this, 0:13:09.920 --> 0:13:11.960 and then this Hawaiian chief came along. But when you 0:13:11.960 --> 0:13:14.640 start to look into him as we were older, it's 0:13:14.679 --> 0:13:17.119 it's just always so fascinating to me just how complex 0:13:17.400 --> 0:13:20.960 and complicated history really is, you know, and just how 0:13:21.000 --> 0:13:25.240 boiled down typically is presented as Yeah, totally, that's because 0:13:26.600 --> 0:13:29.480 I don't know, I think teachers do a good job 0:13:29.520 --> 0:13:32.040 as they can. But when we were in school, the 0:13:32.160 --> 0:13:36.240 history we were taught was pretty, uh, pretty simplified. It is. 0:13:36.280 --> 0:13:39.200 I mean, there's also like a real um advantage to 0:13:39.320 --> 0:13:44.480 dehumanizing the people that you've done wrong to over the centuries, 0:13:44.559 --> 0:13:46.840 especially when they live in a state of yours. Still 0:13:47.720 --> 0:13:51.520 that's a good point. So, uh, under his rule, he 0:13:51.600 --> 0:13:56.040 managed to sort of sort of unify the Kingdom of Hawaii. Um, 0:13:56.080 --> 0:13:58.839 it wasn't like everyone was completely on board with what 0:13:58.880 --> 0:14:03.040 was going on, especially with the kapu and human sacrifice 0:14:03.080 --> 0:14:05.360 and some of that stuff that happened, but they did 0:14:05.400 --> 0:14:07.480 live under his rule whether they liked it or not. 0:14:07.640 --> 0:14:10.320 He was a very strong king, yeah, because he had 0:14:10.480 --> 0:14:14.199 guns finally, and people didn't and so they couldn't rise 0:14:14.280 --> 0:14:16.800 up against him. But after he died, as when things 0:14:16.800 --> 0:14:21.280 got really complicated, because then you had Hawaiian landowners, you 0:14:21.360 --> 0:14:23.960 had white people that owned land, and then you had 0:14:23.960 --> 0:14:27.840 this third group, this really large working class. Even though 0:14:27.840 --> 0:14:30.880 many were killed off, still a lot of people, and 0:14:31.080 --> 0:14:35.680 that really complicated the whole situation. And maybe we should 0:14:35.680 --> 0:14:38.880 take a break there. We should all right, we'll take 0:14:38.880 --> 0:14:42.440 a break and we'll talk about what complicated that even 0:14:42.480 --> 0:15:06.840 more right after this, So, Chuck, we have this this 0:15:07.080 --> 0:15:09.040 kind of like a brief sketch of what's going on here. 0:15:09.080 --> 0:15:12.760 We have a native group, the native Hawaiians who live here, 0:15:12.800 --> 0:15:16.040 and they are autonomous and running their own show. But 0:15:16.120 --> 0:15:19.000 then the European explorers have showed up and they are 0:15:19.040 --> 0:15:22.240 trying to make headways in exploiting this area as best 0:15:22.240 --> 0:15:25.680 they can commercially. Um for agriculture, at first it was 0:15:25.720 --> 0:15:28.800 sandal wood, and then it moved on to I think cattle, 0:15:28.880 --> 0:15:33.600 and then finally like sugarcane um. And then those European 0:15:33.840 --> 0:15:38.720 white landowners in Hawaii started bringing in tons and tons 0:15:38.720 --> 0:15:42.800 of migrant workers in basically like slave labor conditions. So 0:15:42.880 --> 0:15:46.680 you have these three groups kind of coming together in Hawaii, 0:15:46.920 --> 0:15:51.120 only one of which was originally there. Yeah, And another 0:15:51.160 --> 0:15:55.680 thing came in, which was missionaries from Europe, Protestant missionaries 0:15:55.720 --> 0:15:58.520 for the most part, and they did what missionaries do, 0:15:58.600 --> 0:16:02.000 which was say, hey, you should be Christian and not 0:16:02.160 --> 0:16:06.320 worship whatever, uh you know, Hawaiian God you worship. And 0:16:06.400 --> 0:16:09.840 this was a big deal because there were you know, 0:16:09.920 --> 0:16:13.360 Hawaii had a long, rich tradition, um, a very sacred 0:16:13.400 --> 0:16:16.800 tradition of religion and this was not that at all, 0:16:17.360 --> 0:16:20.720 but like they do, they um were pretty forceful in 0:16:21.240 --> 0:16:25.120 making sure Christianity took hold among some of the people, 0:16:25.600 --> 0:16:28.520 and it became a pretty big deal in Hawaii by 0:16:28.600 --> 0:16:32.920 like the sort of mid eighteen hundreds, Yeah, for sure. 0:16:33.000 --> 0:16:36.320 So and just like with other places where the missionaries 0:16:36.360 --> 0:16:38.360 were kind of like the leading edge of the spear 0:16:38.440 --> 0:16:40.960 as far as imperialism goes. So they just were the 0:16:41.000 --> 0:16:44.360 first to kind of brave this and bring Christianity and 0:16:44.440 --> 0:16:48.200 a you know, air quote civilization to the area. So 0:16:48.440 --> 0:16:52.160 after they started to make headway and started to change 0:16:52.200 --> 0:16:56.440 the culture it made, it allowed greater entree for for 0:16:56.520 --> 0:16:59.840 more like commercial interest to have definitely to do with religion. 0:16:59.880 --> 0:17:02.000 They were just coming to to work the land kind 0:17:02.040 --> 0:17:06.440 of thing. Yeah. And forty this is when Kamayama's grandson, 0:17:07.119 --> 0:17:14.320 Kamaama the third UM wrote the first real legit Hawaiian constitution. 0:17:15.040 --> 0:17:18.080 There would be many more to follow, don't worry, right, 0:17:18.359 --> 0:17:21.200 this is just the first one. And this one basically 0:17:21.280 --> 0:17:24.399 kind of kicked Kapu law to the side. Was a 0:17:24.400 --> 0:17:27.600 little more Christian, a little more western for lack of 0:17:27.600 --> 0:17:31.600 a better word, and basically said all right, um, you 0:17:31.640 --> 0:17:34.679 can now vote over here, and this is kind of 0:17:34.720 --> 0:17:38.840 the first entree of what democracy would look like there. Yeah, 0:17:38.880 --> 0:17:42.720 I mean, it created a judicial branch, a legislature like it. 0:17:42.720 --> 0:17:45.800 It sounded awfully familiar really as far as constitutions go. 0:17:46.119 --> 0:17:49.119 And it was a huge watershed moment because, like you said, 0:17:49.440 --> 0:17:54.680 it replaced Kapu with like you said, Western style democracy 0:17:54.760 --> 0:17:57.280 basically or some version of at the beginnings of it, 0:17:57.359 --> 0:18:01.520 I guess. Yeah. And it also would would establish this 0:18:01.520 --> 0:18:05.199 this framework, this foundation for people to point to and 0:18:05.240 --> 0:18:06.880 be like, oh no, no, we want to we want 0:18:06.880 --> 0:18:09.440 to go further and further towards the constitution, not back 0:18:09.520 --> 0:18:12.280 toward the old ways. So it was like a goal 0:18:12.400 --> 0:18:15.000 post that was set there that could be pointed to 0:18:15.240 --> 0:18:17.960 as we don't want the monarch anymore. Remember, we want 0:18:18.000 --> 0:18:20.840 this legislature in the judicial branch and all this this 0:18:20.920 --> 0:18:25.120 stuff that Americans and Europeans are accustomed to working within. Yeah. 0:18:25.200 --> 0:18:28.600 And also money was a big complicating factor. Um. Like 0:18:28.640 --> 0:18:32.359 we said, anytime money is introduced and there's very valuable land, 0:18:32.400 --> 0:18:35.959 it's going to get pretty gravy. And that's what happened 0:18:35.960 --> 0:18:38.800 when the white Europeans and Americans said, Wow, this soil 0:18:38.840 --> 0:18:40.720 over here in the climate of here is great for 0:18:40.840 --> 0:18:44.520 growing stuff and we're not there. You know, they don't 0:18:44.520 --> 0:18:48.639 have workers uh rights laws here, so we can really 0:18:48.680 --> 0:18:53.159 really get cheap cheap labor if not um, like you said, 0:18:53.200 --> 0:18:57.920 basically enslaved people essentially uh from Asia to work over 0:18:57.960 --> 0:19:00.399 here and not really paying much money, like bring them 0:19:00.440 --> 0:19:03.520 over under false pretense, say how great it is, how 0:19:03.600 --> 0:19:05.760 much money they're going to make, and then kind of 0:19:05.800 --> 0:19:07.919 build them back. Is it's sort of like signing a 0:19:07.960 --> 0:19:10.760 record contract and build you back for all the expenses 0:19:11.280 --> 0:19:14.760 of getting over there and overcharging for their living quarters, 0:19:14.800 --> 0:19:19.840 which were terrible. But it's you know, it's exploitation that 0:19:19.880 --> 0:19:23.400 we've seen time and time again. Um yeah, if it's 0:19:23.400 --> 0:19:26.399 still going on today, you know, like that it's basically 0:19:26.520 --> 0:19:30.840 human trafficking, is what they were doing. Yeah. So, um 0:19:31.000 --> 0:19:34.639 one thing about Kamehameha, the House of Kamehameha when the 0:19:34.840 --> 0:19:37.960 first Kamayo Maya, which is an awesomely fun word to 0:19:38.000 --> 0:19:40.480 say and also just reminds me of Magnum p I 0:19:40.640 --> 0:19:42.959 because that was the club that Rick managed, the King 0:19:43.000 --> 0:19:48.120 Kamayama Club. Wo remember that? Oh man? Uh So, anyway, 0:19:48.280 --> 0:19:52.040 I would just kill to like bee hanging out at 0:19:52.040 --> 0:19:54.960 the bar, the beach bar in that club. But anyway, 0:19:55.119 --> 0:19:59.200 um Kamayama, despite their being like up people, basically every 0:19:59.240 --> 0:20:03.760 time it's successor died, UM he managed to establish a 0:20:03.880 --> 0:20:08.960 dynasty that lasted until the eighteen seventies, I believe, UM. 0:20:09.000 --> 0:20:13.760 And the problem was that there were no strong succession laws. 0:20:14.760 --> 0:20:18.320 So when the monarch died in a few instances, there 0:20:18.320 --> 0:20:22.560 were these periods called the interregnums, which is basically like, hey, 0:20:22.800 --> 0:20:25.640 you know, the government, it doesn't actually exist technically right now. 0:20:25.680 --> 0:20:27.280 It's kind of a free for all while we figure 0:20:27.320 --> 0:20:29.520 out what comes intact. We gotta we gotta get this 0:20:29.600 --> 0:20:32.960 together and decide how to move forward. And in this case, 0:20:33.000 --> 0:20:38.080 they would have the legislature vote for the ruler and UM, 0:20:38.240 --> 0:20:42.280 this wasn't super popular. It led to rioting. UM. Hawaiians 0:20:42.280 --> 0:20:45.159 were like, no, we we need uh we kind of 0:20:45.200 --> 0:20:47.600 didn't mind the monarchy and we need these succession laws 0:20:47.640 --> 0:20:49.639 to be kind of ingrained. I think that that's a 0:20:49.680 --> 0:20:54.439 real um, a real telling, revealing tell about how the 0:20:54.480 --> 0:20:57.600 Hawaiians felt that They were like, no, we don't forget 0:20:57.600 --> 0:21:00.640 the legislature, we just need better law is to say 0:21:00.720 --> 0:21:03.600 who succeeds who as far as the monarchs are concerned, 0:21:04.040 --> 0:21:05.760 because I think that's what they were used to and 0:21:05.760 --> 0:21:08.399 that's what they wanted, you know. Yeah, but what this 0:21:08.520 --> 0:21:10.960 ended up doing was kind of there was a real 0:21:11.040 --> 0:21:15.119 divide here when um, eighteen seventy four, I think was 0:21:15.160 --> 0:21:25.320 when uh kala ka oh, calliko call ka I practiced 0:21:25.400 --> 0:21:30.320 a million times Kaleika kalika ua. I mean, I love 0:21:30.359 --> 0:21:33.120 these words are so much fun to say, um, even 0:21:33.119 --> 0:21:35.680 though we're probably butchering them. But no, I'm pretty sure 0:21:35.680 --> 0:21:40.160 it's kaleika Ua alright. Kalaika Ua was the new king 0:21:40.480 --> 0:21:43.600 voted on in eighteen seventy four, and this was the 0:21:43.640 --> 0:21:48.879 first real wedge because he had this faction that supported 0:21:49.320 --> 0:21:53.919 Queen Emma and a real like opposition party was in place. 0:21:53.960 --> 0:21:56.600 Like people were very, very divided at this point. Yeah. 0:21:56.640 --> 0:21:59.159 Queen Emma was the wife of Comma the fourth, so 0:21:59.200 --> 0:22:02.159 she had a pretty alid claimer on the throne. But 0:22:02.320 --> 0:22:05.960 the legislature said, no, kalika who is definitely our guy. 0:22:06.080 --> 0:22:08.800 He's now your your king and your monarch. And he 0:22:08.880 --> 0:22:11.040 was an interesting cat too. He was known as the 0:22:11.080 --> 0:22:13.720 Merry Monarch. He was a bit of a bomb avant 0:22:14.240 --> 0:22:17.960 um hula had been banned by the big buzz killed 0:22:17.960 --> 0:22:24.560 missionaries for decades, I mean hula dancing. Yeah, So so 0:22:25.520 --> 0:22:28.800 kalika Ua said, hey, it's my birthday, let's bring hula back. 0:22:28.880 --> 0:22:30.960 So he was kind of beloved for that. He played 0:22:31.000 --> 0:22:33.760 the ukulele, but he was also very corrupt, like he 0:22:33.800 --> 0:22:36.679 took a hundred and thirty thousand dollar bribe from some 0:22:36.800 --> 0:22:41.760 Chinese businessmen who wanted an opium license, and very importantly 0:22:42.760 --> 0:22:46.119 his whole jam was little by little, the power of 0:22:46.119 --> 0:22:48.720 the monarch has been eroded to well, now it's finally 0:22:48.760 --> 0:22:51.679 my turn, and I'm basically is a figurehead here. I 0:22:51.760 --> 0:22:53.600 want the power back, so I'm going to do that. 0:22:54.080 --> 0:22:57.760 And instead, there was some white interests that had formed 0:22:57.760 --> 0:23:01.320 a group known as the Hawaiian League, and they were 0:23:01.359 --> 0:23:05.399 basically made up of landowners, businessmen, people who had but 0:23:05.440 --> 0:23:09.560 who were all like white European and American people who said, 0:23:09.720 --> 0:23:12.480 we actually don't like that idea, and in fact, we're 0:23:12.520 --> 0:23:16.760 going to make you form sign a new constitution into law, 0:23:17.320 --> 0:23:19.679 um and where you're gonna do it basically at the 0:23:19.800 --> 0:23:22.399 at the at gun point, and it's going to be 0:23:22.440 --> 0:23:27.560 called the Bayonet Constitution. Historically speaking, yes, the Hawaiian League. 0:23:27.640 --> 0:23:30.520 They were. They had a bunch of different names. Initially 0:23:30.560 --> 0:23:35.040 they were the um the Missionary not in the Missionary League, 0:23:35.040 --> 0:23:38.199 the Missionary what the Missionary Party. The Missionary thought that 0:23:38.240 --> 0:23:41.800 was too sexy, right, So Missionary Party became the Hawaiian League, 0:23:42.560 --> 0:23:46.800 eventually became the Reform Party because who doesn't like reform? 0:23:46.880 --> 0:23:51.240 And they eventually became because as we'll see, they pushed 0:23:51.440 --> 0:23:54.000 more and more towards annexation. Uh. And I don't know 0:23:54.040 --> 0:23:56.359 if it was were they officially called the Annexation Party? 0:23:56.720 --> 0:24:00.840 Was that sort of like a I I I honestly 0:24:00.840 --> 0:24:03.000 don't know the way that they were introduced. I think 0:24:03.240 --> 0:24:06.320 I don't know. Well either way, what they did was 0:24:06.480 --> 0:24:10.200 they said, all right, we um know that not many 0:24:10.240 --> 0:24:14.000 people we were an under armed society, so if we're 0:24:14.000 --> 0:24:17.119 gonna do this, we're gonna get um the guns on 0:24:17.119 --> 0:24:19.879 our side. And that was where they got the support 0:24:19.880 --> 0:24:23.960 of the Hawaiian Rifles, which was a volunteer military unit 0:24:24.400 --> 0:24:27.080 um all white people. And like you said in in 0:24:27.160 --> 0:24:31.439 July seven is when those Hawaiian Rifles got involved and 0:24:31.480 --> 0:24:34.920 said signed this new constitution. They did, and so it 0:24:35.040 --> 0:24:37.240