1 00:00:00,720 --> 00:00:03,840 Speaker 1: Welcomed, unobscured a production of iHeart Radio and aeron Mink. 2 00:00:08,039 --> 00:00:12,400 Speaker 1: Mary Kelly's murder was horrifying. The brutal mutilation of her 3 00:00:12,400 --> 00:00:16,079 Speaker 1: body went far beyond the viciousness of the previous Whitechapel murders. 4 00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:18,919 Speaker 1: The sight of the crime scene at Miller's Court scared 5 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:22,120 Speaker 1: the veteran police officers who arrived to investigate her death. 6 00:00:22,560 --> 00:00:24,520 Speaker 1: One of the surgeons at the scene said that he 7 00:00:24,600 --> 00:00:28,240 Speaker 1: had never witnessed such ghastliness, and this man earned his 8 00:00:28,280 --> 00:00:33,159 Speaker 1: living dissecting human bodies. Even as the doctors and police 9 00:00:33,159 --> 00:00:36,000 Speaker 1: in Miller's Court grappled with their shock over the murder, 10 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:38,360 Speaker 1: there were two other men who arrived on the scene 11 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:40,880 Speaker 1: who both believed that the hunt for clues to Marry 12 00:00:40,960 --> 00:00:44,360 Speaker 1: Kelly's death was theirs to supervise. But I'm not talking 13 00:00:44,400 --> 00:00:47,880 Speaker 1: about the challenge of coordinating between detectives from Scotland Yard 14 00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:50,680 Speaker 1: and officers of the City Police who were investigating the 15 00:00:50,720 --> 00:00:53,959 Speaker 1: murder in Miter Square. No, this was a boundary dispute 16 00:00:54,000 --> 00:00:56,920 Speaker 1: over another crucial part of the process. It was a 17 00:00:56,960 --> 00:01:01,800 Speaker 1: wrestling match between London coroners, one of them we know well, 18 00:01:01,840 --> 00:01:05,080 Speaker 1: of course. When Baxter Mary Kelly's room was in Win 19 00:01:05,160 --> 00:01:09,280 Speaker 1: Baxter's White Chapel jurisdiction, so that afternoon they admitted Baxter 20 00:01:09,400 --> 00:01:11,880 Speaker 1: to the crime scene, believing that he would be responsible 21 00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:15,200 Speaker 1: for determining Mary Kelly's cause of death and conducting the 22 00:01:15,240 --> 00:01:17,960 Speaker 1: interviews that would help the police work and feed the 23 00:01:18,040 --> 00:01:21,039 Speaker 1: story to the London press. But Baxter was in for 24 00:01:21,120 --> 00:01:23,800 Speaker 1: a surprise because he wasn't the only coroner on the 25 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:26,600 Speaker 1: scene that afternoon. The other man was someone he knew 26 00:01:26,600 --> 00:01:30,880 Speaker 1: all too well, Roderick McDonald. He had come alongside Dr Phillips, 27 00:01:30,920 --> 00:01:33,680 Speaker 1: and he put his own claim on conducting the inquest. 28 00:01:35,120 --> 00:01:38,520 Speaker 1: If there was incentive for departments like the Metropolitan Police 29 00:01:38,560 --> 00:01:41,880 Speaker 1: and the City Police to resolve disputes and share information, 30 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:44,679 Speaker 1: the same certainly can't be said for the coroners of 31 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: East London. Because they were paid by the corpse. In 32 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:50,880 Speaker 1: a place where living was as hard as the East End, 33 00:01:50,960 --> 00:01:53,160 Speaker 1: the position of coroner came with the promise of a 34 00:01:53,160 --> 00:01:56,880 Speaker 1: steady income. That's what made when Baxter and Roderick McDonald 35 00:01:56,920 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: put themselves up for the position two years earlier in 36 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:03,960 Speaker 1: eight six, and because coroners were elected, that meant that 37 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:08,720 Speaker 1: Baxter and McDonald were political opponents to choose their corner. 38 00:02:08,800 --> 00:02:10,880 Speaker 1: The people of the district met at a church hall 39 00:02:10,960 --> 00:02:13,840 Speaker 1: in bethnal Green. Names were called out and hands were 40 00:02:13,919 --> 00:02:17,200 Speaker 1: raised to show approval. The thing was though, when Baxter 41 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:20,639 Speaker 1: had brought a group of friends to that election, large loud, 42 00:02:20,760 --> 00:02:23,880 Speaker 1: burly friends, friends with anger problems and a habit of 43 00:02:23,919 --> 00:02:27,240 Speaker 1: following Baxter around. It made one candidate give them the 44 00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:31,720 Speaker 1: sarcastic nickname Baxter's Lambs. The Times, though, didn't play coy. 45 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:35,120 Speaker 1: They called Baxter's supporters a mob of roughs, and they 46 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:38,240 Speaker 1: were rough. Indeed, his men beat, choked and fought the 47 00:02:38,280 --> 00:02:41,760 Speaker 1: supporters of other candidates. In fact, they caused so much 48 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:44,000 Speaker 1: trouble in the church hall that election night that the 49 00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:46,600 Speaker 1: whole thing was called off. No one could be sure 50 00:02:46,639 --> 00:02:49,040 Speaker 1: of the number of votes for each candidate when raised, 51 00:02:49,040 --> 00:02:52,120 Speaker 1: hands were lost between flying fists, so a poll of 52 00:02:52,160 --> 00:02:56,120 Speaker 1: the district was scheduled for three days later. The London 53 00:02:56,240 --> 00:02:59,160 Speaker 1: Standard reported that all day long, carts and cabs hired 54 00:02:59,160 --> 00:03:01,600 Speaker 1: by the candidates rolled to the church filled with voters. 55 00:03:01,840 --> 00:03:04,440 Speaker 1: When it was over, though, Baxter's Lambs proved to be 56 00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:08,040 Speaker 1: the convincing shepherds. When Baxter tallied the most votes, with 57 00:03:08,120 --> 00:03:11,040 Speaker 1: McDonald hot on his heels in second place and the 58 00:03:11,080 --> 00:03:15,120 Speaker 1: other candidates were left in the dust. Baxter had his 59 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:17,600 Speaker 1: corner seat. It was the night that made sure that 60 00:03:17,639 --> 00:03:20,359 Speaker 1: he would be in office when the murders started in Whitechapel. 61 00:03:20,720 --> 00:03:23,400 Speaker 1: Two years later, though, the district was split and a 62 00:03:23,480 --> 00:03:27,600 Speaker 1: position was created for a new corner Roderick McDonald. Both 63 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:31,880 Speaker 1: men started collecting fees for the White Chapel dead. So 64 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,880 Speaker 1: on a November day in eighteen eighty eight, Rodrick McDonald 65 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:37,200 Speaker 1: and Win Baxter were in a contest for who would 66 00:03:37,200 --> 00:03:40,520 Speaker 1: turn Mary Kelly's death into their next paycheck. The victim's 67 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:44,600 Speaker 1: room was in Win Baxter's jurisdiction, but somehow Roderick McDonald 68 00:03:44,640 --> 00:03:48,320 Speaker 1: went out by having Mary Kelly's body transported over the 69 00:03:48,360 --> 00:03:52,720 Speaker 1: border into Shortage. In fact, it was a reversal of 70 00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:56,080 Speaker 1: Annie Chapman's case. Her murder on Hanbury Street had been 71 00:03:56,160 --> 00:03:59,080 Speaker 1: in McDonald's jurisdiction, but she had been carried by police 72 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:03,640 Speaker 1: into Baxter's Amaine. Once Mary Kelly's body was on McDonald's turf, 73 00:04:03,680 --> 00:04:07,400 Speaker 1: he was responsible for her inquest. Win Baxter was left 74 00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:12,320 Speaker 1: out in the cold. Now Baxter's inquests of murder victims 75 00:04:12,360 --> 00:04:16,840 Speaker 1: had inflamed public fears. The long weeks of witness interrogations 76 00:04:16,880 --> 00:04:19,760 Speaker 1: the doctors brought back over and over to recite the 77 00:04:19,800 --> 00:04:24,240 Speaker 1: horrible litany of wounds, cuts and mutilations, the police constables 78 00:04:24,279 --> 00:04:28,160 Speaker 1: giving the press their firsthand accounts, complete with bodies emerging 79 00:04:28,240 --> 00:04:31,679 Speaker 1: in dramatic lamp lights. But with McDonald at the helm, 80 00:04:31,680 --> 00:04:35,839 Speaker 1: Mary Kelly's inquest took a different approach cooperating with the police. 81 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:38,680 Speaker 1: He kept it to a single day. It was quick 82 00:04:38,839 --> 00:04:42,400 Speaker 1: and to the point. In a clear criticism of his opponent, 83 00:04:42,440 --> 00:04:46,080 Speaker 1: Win Baxter, McDonald announced that to go through the same 84 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:50,640 Speaker 1: evidence time after time only causes expense and trouble. He 85 00:04:50,720 --> 00:04:53,960 Speaker 1: reminded his jury as well as the listening press, that 86 00:04:54,080 --> 00:04:57,800 Speaker 1: inquests had but one goal to determine the cause of death, 87 00:04:58,760 --> 00:05:02,160 Speaker 1: and his jury had o trouble doing their job. They 88 00:05:02,240 --> 00:05:06,719 Speaker 1: quickly delivered their verdict on Mary Kelly's death willful murder 89 00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:28,520 Speaker 1: by some person unknown. This is unobscured. I'm Aaron Mankey. 90 00:05:39,240 --> 00:05:43,560 Speaker 1: The Home Secretary was under fire. Aberleine Swanson and the 91 00:05:43,600 --> 00:05:46,600 Speaker 1: other officers at Scotland Yard were hoping that by opening 92 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:49,960 Speaker 1: and closing the inquest quickly, panic over the most gruesome 93 00:05:49,960 --> 00:05:53,880 Speaker 1: and horrifying murders so far would not burst out across Whitechapel. 94 00:05:54,400 --> 00:05:57,240 Speaker 1: To some extent, it worked. There were a few stories 95 00:05:57,279 --> 00:06:00,600 Speaker 1: for the Star to chase, there were fewer monster visions 96 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:03,800 Speaker 1: for London readers to fear. But if journalists found less 97 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:06,240 Speaker 1: to rile up the public in the halls of Government, 98 00:06:06,360 --> 00:06:09,880 Speaker 1: the ferocious debate only continued to rage, and the target 99 00:06:09,960 --> 00:06:14,400 Speaker 1: of most attacks was the Home Secretary. Now, it was 100 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:17,440 Speaker 1: true he had done enough to rid himself of Charles Warren, 101 00:06:17,720 --> 00:06:20,840 Speaker 1: he had accepted the Police Commissioner's resignation and was just 102 00:06:20,920 --> 00:06:23,120 Speaker 1: waiting for the man to see himself out so that 103 00:06:23,200 --> 00:06:26,040 Speaker 1: James Monroe could take his place. But whether that was 104 00:06:26,160 --> 00:06:28,479 Speaker 1: enough to play Kate the Queen and the public was 105 00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:31,919 Speaker 1: another question altogether. And there was another place where the 106 00:06:31,920 --> 00:06:35,920 Speaker 1: Home Secretary, Matthews was scrutinized and scathingly dressed down on 107 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:40,520 Speaker 1: almost a daily basis, the halls of Parliament. In the 108 00:06:40,560 --> 00:06:43,800 Speaker 1: weeks after Mary Kelly's murder, The Times of London offered 109 00:06:43,800 --> 00:06:46,440 Speaker 1: an inside look at the kinds of fury that regularly 110 00:06:46,560 --> 00:06:49,840 Speaker 1: was unleashed in the chambers of Government. On November twelve, 111 00:06:50,080 --> 00:06:52,720 Speaker 1: the day that Mary Kelly's inquest was both opened and 112 00:06:52,839 --> 00:06:56,000 Speaker 1: closed by Roderick McDonald. The pointed questions for the Home 113 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:58,680 Speaker 1: Secretary came in a flurry, and they all had to 114 00:06:58,680 --> 00:07:01,479 Speaker 1: do with the central issue who was running the show 115 00:07:01,680 --> 00:07:06,000 Speaker 1: over at Scotland Yard. If Charles Warren's resignation was a 116 00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:09,039 Speaker 1: relief to Matthews, this was the other side of that coin. 117 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,840 Speaker 1: The men confronting him in the House of Commons seemed 118 00:07:11,880 --> 00:07:14,440 Speaker 1: to know that something strange had happened behind the scenes, 119 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:18,320 Speaker 1: with one man in particular, the spy and Detective James Monroe. 120 00:07:18,840 --> 00:07:22,240 Speaker 1: Matthews found himself running from a difficult question. Why was 121 00:07:22,280 --> 00:07:25,680 Speaker 1: the Home Secretary still working with Monroe? If the Scotsman 122 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:29,160 Speaker 1: had stopped working with the police, it would have passed 123 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 1: no one's notice that a spymaster from the Special Branch 124 00:07:32,240 --> 00:07:34,760 Speaker 1: had come to serve on the staff of the Home Secretary. 125 00:07:35,120 --> 00:07:38,840 Speaker 1: And that didn't leave any members of Parliament feeling particularly comfortable, 126 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,600 Speaker 1: let alone members like Edward Pickersgill, the representative of Bethnal 127 00:07:42,680 --> 00:07:45,560 Speaker 1: Green in the East End. He had been campaigning against 128 00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:49,080 Speaker 1: police abuses since his election in eight five, and he 129 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:52,000 Speaker 1: would be remembered in later years for calling secret policing 130 00:07:52,400 --> 00:07:56,040 Speaker 1: dirty work. In the House of Commons, shouting and cheering 131 00:07:56,120 --> 00:07:58,960 Speaker 1: followed the demands that Matthews make it clear what Monroe 132 00:07:59,080 --> 00:08:01,400 Speaker 1: was doing on his stay off, and of course the 133 00:08:01,440 --> 00:08:04,640 Speaker 1: issue of who would replace Charles Warren was on everyone's mind. 134 00:08:05,080 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 1: Over the next couple of days, the House of Commons 135 00:08:07,320 --> 00:08:09,960 Speaker 1: rang with arguments about the role of police in London, 136 00:08:10,320 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 1: who they should be, how they should be funded, and 137 00:08:13,160 --> 00:08:16,920 Speaker 1: who should lead them. Edward Pickersgill wasted no time reminding 138 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:19,559 Speaker 1: his fellow members that London was now under the thumb 139 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:22,760 Speaker 1: of soldiers who had been hardened in India. The time 140 00:08:22,840 --> 00:08:25,800 Speaker 1: has come, he said, for a change in this regime 141 00:08:25,920 --> 00:08:28,200 Speaker 1: under which the mounted men of the police, with an 142 00:08:28,200 --> 00:08:31,080 Speaker 1: ex lancer at their head, rode people down in the 143 00:08:31,120 --> 00:08:34,520 Speaker 1: streets and the infantry, instructed by an ex officer of 144 00:08:34,520 --> 00:08:38,920 Speaker 1: the Guards, batond them. What Pickersgill wanted was a force 145 00:08:39,040 --> 00:08:43,040 Speaker 1: to effectively detect crimes. So for members of Parliament like him, 146 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:45,880 Speaker 1: it was good riddance to Charles Warren, but that hardly 147 00:08:45,920 --> 00:08:49,160 Speaker 1: sewed up the issues in the East End. Pickersgill continued 148 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:52,560 Speaker 1: to Pepper, the Home Secretary, with questions throughout November trying 149 00:08:52,600 --> 00:08:55,480 Speaker 1: to peel back the layers of secrecy around the communications 150 00:08:55,520 --> 00:08:58,360 Speaker 1: between the Home Office and the police. He was worried 151 00:08:58,400 --> 00:09:01,240 Speaker 1: about the killer roaming White chap yes, but he was 152 00:09:01,280 --> 00:09:03,640 Speaker 1: even more worried about the rots in the government of 153 00:09:03,679 --> 00:09:07,760 Speaker 1: the city that allowed it to happen. Every choice that 154 00:09:07,800 --> 00:09:11,120 Speaker 1: the Home Secretary had made was picked over and pounded flat. 155 00:09:11,559 --> 00:09:14,200 Speaker 1: Demands that he changed course and offer a reward for 156 00:09:14,200 --> 00:09:17,480 Speaker 1: the killer. Demands that he offer a pardon for accomplices 157 00:09:17,559 --> 00:09:20,360 Speaker 1: to entice them out from the shadows. It seems that 158 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 1: many members of Parliament believe that somewhere along the secret 159 00:09:23,600 --> 00:09:27,560 Speaker 1: government correspondence were the answers they were looking for. Answers 160 00:09:27,559 --> 00:09:30,960 Speaker 1: about what the police knew and when, Answers about why 161 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:35,040 Speaker 1: the investigations had failed. Answers about whether the government had 162 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:38,600 Speaker 1: really done everything it could to bring the killer to justice. 163 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:43,200 Speaker 1: The arguments swirled back and forth through the causes and 164 00:09:43,280 --> 00:09:46,360 Speaker 1: consequences of the murders. What could the Home Office do 165 00:09:46,520 --> 00:09:49,800 Speaker 1: about the East Ends lodging houses, with their cramped conditions 166 00:09:49,880 --> 00:09:53,360 Speaker 1: housing crowds of unknown persons. What could the Home Office 167 00:09:53,400 --> 00:09:56,000 Speaker 1: do to stop the police from publishing the names of 168 00:09:56,040 --> 00:09:59,280 Speaker 1: suspects who turned out to have no connection to the murders. 169 00:09:59,280 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: But we're staying with a connection to Jack the Ripper. 170 00:10:03,280 --> 00:10:05,960 Speaker 1: When all the questions were asked, though Parliament would be 171 00:10:06,040 --> 00:10:09,640 Speaker 1: left unsatisfied. They could demand the capture of the killer. Sure, 172 00:10:09,880 --> 00:10:12,960 Speaker 1: they could demand a change. But even after Charles Warren 173 00:10:12,960 --> 00:10:15,880 Speaker 1: stepped away from his post and James Monroe stepped out 174 00:10:15,920 --> 00:10:18,640 Speaker 1: from his shadowy corner of the Home Office to take command, 175 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:22,520 Speaker 1: Home Secretary Matthews had nothing more to give them. Like 176 00:10:22,640 --> 00:10:25,680 Speaker 1: the police of the world's largest city, the government of 177 00:10:25,720 --> 00:10:29,640 Speaker 1: the world's most commanding empire was at a loss because 178 00:10:29,640 --> 00:10:39,040 Speaker 1: the answers to their questions just weren't there. The whole 179 00:10:39,040 --> 00:10:43,400 Speaker 1: city was on tenter hooks. Now, that's not tender hooks, no. 180 00:10:43,559 --> 00:10:46,440 Speaker 1: The phrase comes from the clothmaking trade, when new made 181 00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:49,440 Speaker 1: sheets of wool were hung like tents on hooked wooden 182 00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:52,439 Speaker 1: frames to keep the cloth from shrinking while it dried. 183 00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:55,400 Speaker 1: The process gave its name to East End landmarks like 184 00:10:55,520 --> 00:10:59,520 Speaker 1: the Tenter Streets and Tenter passage in Spittle Fields, Wherefore, 185 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:02,320 Speaker 1: a very long time the English wall trade had a home. 186 00:11:02,760 --> 00:11:06,040 Speaker 1: At the end of November of eight though, crime after 187 00:11:06,200 --> 00:11:09,640 Speaker 1: unsolved crime had everyone in this city feeling like something 188 00:11:09,880 --> 00:11:13,040 Speaker 1: was about to snap. And the truth is that what 189 00:11:13,120 --> 00:11:15,640 Speaker 1: we call the Jack the Ripper murders were not the 190 00:11:15,679 --> 00:11:19,640 Speaker 1: only heinous killings in London. Of eight they were clearly 191 00:11:19,679 --> 00:11:23,319 Speaker 1: the most discussed, the most publicized, and the most significant 192 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:25,840 Speaker 1: in the eyes of history. But other than the brutal 193 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:28,560 Speaker 1: mutilation of Mary Kelly, they were not even the most 194 00:11:28,600 --> 00:11:32,440 Speaker 1: heinous or most gruesome. Here's Dr Drew Gray to say 195 00:11:32,440 --> 00:11:36,800 Speaker 1: more about that. There were other murders, and not not 196 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:41,760 Speaker 1: least the Thames torso mystery, which which could possibly be 197 00:11:41,840 --> 00:11:46,319 Speaker 1: linked to the rip of Killings um so. In that case, 198 00:11:46,559 --> 00:11:48,840 Speaker 1: there was the discovery of a female torso in the 199 00:11:48,920 --> 00:11:53,040 Speaker 1: Thames at Raynham in May seven, with more body parts 200 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:58,480 Speaker 1: surfacing that same year, and then in September, right while 201 00:11:58,520 --> 00:12:00,840 Speaker 1: the White couple cases is kind of reaching its end, 202 00:12:01,440 --> 00:12:04,640 Speaker 1: another torso was being found amongst the building work for 203 00:12:04,840 --> 00:12:09,439 Speaker 1: police head quarters at White Hall, and in June third 204 00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:12,439 Speaker 1: dismembered female body was tracked from the Thames at Horsby 205 00:12:12,480 --> 00:12:16,160 Speaker 1: Down before in September of that year the police discovered 206 00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:19,760 Speaker 1: a rotting torso underneath arches in Pension Street, which isn't 207 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:22,880 Speaker 1: far from where there's strive to be murdered just a 208 00:12:22,960 --> 00:12:27,240 Speaker 1: year earlier. The details of these crimes are truly stomach turning. 209 00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:29,880 Speaker 1: Take for instance, the case that opened in the midst 210 00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,560 Speaker 1: of Scotland Yard itself in October, which came to be 211 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:36,040 Speaker 1: called the Whitehall mystery. That's when a carpenter who was 212 00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:39,360 Speaker 1: working on the construction of the new police headquarters spotted 213 00:12:39,400 --> 00:12:42,160 Speaker 1: a wrapped package tucked away at the building site near 214 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,880 Speaker 1: the spot where he left his tools. When he first 215 00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:47,800 Speaker 1: saw the bundle, he left it alone. It was unusual, 216 00:12:47,920 --> 00:12:50,040 Speaker 1: but he hardly was the only one working on the 217 00:12:50,080 --> 00:12:54,160 Speaker 1: construction site. After the second day seeing it lie undisturbed, though, 218 00:12:54,360 --> 00:12:56,880 Speaker 1: the builder pointed it out to a supervisor and the 219 00:12:56,880 --> 00:13:00,200 Speaker 1: two men opened it together. What they found in I'd 220 00:13:00,520 --> 00:13:04,040 Speaker 1: shocked them both. It was the mutilated torso of a woman. 221 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:08,960 Speaker 1: This sent everyone on the site into a flurry of investigation. 222 00:13:09,360 --> 00:13:12,000 Speaker 1: Who could have dropped it there? And when all the 223 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:15,520 Speaker 1: workers on the site were questioned and speculations flew wildly, 224 00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:18,760 Speaker 1: the examination of the body was undertaken by Dr Thomas 225 00:13:18,800 --> 00:13:21,840 Speaker 1: Bond himself. He had examined a severed arm that had 226 00:13:21,840 --> 00:13:24,679 Speaker 1: been found a few weeks earlier along the Thames at Pimlico, 227 00:13:24,920 --> 00:13:28,760 Speaker 1: and he immediately made the connection. The body was too 228 00:13:28,800 --> 00:13:31,760 Speaker 1: decomposed to tell the doctors much, though the pall Mall 229 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:35,240 Speaker 1: Gazette reported that the deceased was a very fine woman 230 00:13:35,320 --> 00:13:38,520 Speaker 1: and the body was exceedingly well nourished. They guess the 231 00:13:38,559 --> 00:13:40,760 Speaker 1: woman had been dead for about six weeks, but the 232 00:13:40,840 --> 00:13:44,280 Speaker 1: rudimentary forensic science available to Dr Bond and his assistant 233 00:13:44,280 --> 00:13:46,560 Speaker 1: meant that by the time the body was found, the 234 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:50,840 Speaker 1: trail was already cold. Things got worse for the police though, 235 00:13:50,880 --> 00:13:53,760 Speaker 1: when a journalist with a terrier did with the Metropolitan 236 00:13:53,800 --> 00:13:56,800 Speaker 1: Forces never could. He used his dog to scare up 237 00:13:56,840 --> 00:13:59,679 Speaker 1: evidence in a search at the building site. The terrier 238 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:02,520 Speaker 1: covered another arm and leg near the place where the 239 00:14:02,559 --> 00:14:06,640 Speaker 1: carpenter found the rap torso it was a huge embarrassment 240 00:14:06,679 --> 00:14:09,320 Speaker 1: for Scotland Yard and for a little while the Star 241 00:14:09,559 --> 00:14:12,959 Speaker 1: drove that point home. But the mystery was quickly overshadowed 242 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:16,360 Speaker 1: by the double event murders of Liz Stride and Katherine ETOs. 243 00:14:16,800 --> 00:14:19,880 Speaker 1: The police and Dr Bond didn't think it was likely 244 00:14:19,920 --> 00:14:22,360 Speaker 1: that the two cases were connected, and the case was 245 00:14:22,400 --> 00:14:26,120 Speaker 1: already cold by the time the body was found. There 246 00:14:26,160 --> 00:14:29,320 Speaker 1: were a few stories that discussed the horrible find and 247 00:14:29,360 --> 00:14:32,520 Speaker 1: even drew connections to the Whitechapel murders, but with so 248 00:14:32,640 --> 00:14:35,720 Speaker 1: much less pressed, the horrible dismemberment failed to make the 249 00:14:35,800 --> 00:14:38,600 Speaker 1: same kind of impression on the city of London. Here's 250 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:43,480 Speaker 1: more from historian Paul Beg. They were overshadowed by the 251 00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:47,760 Speaker 1: Whitechapel murders and therefore they just didn't get the publicity 252 00:14:47,840 --> 00:14:51,240 Speaker 1: that they One imagine is that they might have done 253 00:14:51,360 --> 00:14:55,000 Speaker 1: had the Whitechappel murders not being committed at the same time. Equally, 254 00:14:55,040 --> 00:14:59,600 Speaker 1: of course, it depends on what really grabs the attention 255 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:05,400 Speaker 1: of the press, and these were body parts, in effect, 256 00:15:05,440 --> 00:15:12,280 Speaker 1: that were being found at different times in fairly separated places, 257 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:16,520 Speaker 1: and unlike the Ripper killings, which were suggested one person 258 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:19,640 Speaker 1: operating in a very small area. It may well be 259 00:15:19,840 --> 00:15:23,560 Speaker 1: that that also killings just didn't grab public attention. And 260 00:15:23,880 --> 00:15:26,600 Speaker 1: we have known about these murders for quite a long time. 261 00:15:27,840 --> 00:15:31,000 Speaker 1: It's only in the last few years that people have 262 00:15:31,040 --> 00:15:34,840 Speaker 1: been writing books about them and really bringing them into 263 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:38,960 Speaker 1: the sphere of of anybody interested in the Ripper murders 264 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:41,640 Speaker 1: as well, because they show what was going on at 265 00:15:41,680 --> 00:15:44,480 Speaker 1: the time in the same way that the press could 266 00:15:44,520 --> 00:15:48,360 Speaker 1: turn the Whiteappel murders into an international panic while dismissing 267 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:50,880 Speaker 1: what came to be known as the Torso murders, the 268 00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:54,200 Speaker 1: name Jack the Ripper could receive the same treatment. It 269 00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:56,880 Speaker 1: drives home a simple but profound point that should be 270 00:15:56,920 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: all but obvious by now. It was the storytelling about 271 00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:03,000 Speaker 1: the murders and the invention of the name Jack the 272 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,480 Speaker 1: Ripper that pushed the Whitechapel killings into the public eye, 273 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:09,240 Speaker 1: and along the way invented one of the most enduring 274 00:16:09,320 --> 00:16:13,120 Speaker 1: stories in the history of modern crime. In fact, when 275 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:17,040 Speaker 1: Mary Kelly's inquest was quickly closed in November, the reporters 276 00:16:17,080 --> 00:16:19,880 Speaker 1: of The Star, The Times and the Paul Malgazette were 277 00:16:19,920 --> 00:16:22,760 Speaker 1: hard pressed to keep the fear alive. As the growing 278 00:16:22,840 --> 00:16:26,480 Speaker 1: chill of December descended over London. There were other stories 279 00:16:26,480 --> 00:16:29,240 Speaker 1: to tell that absorbed attention, and until there were new 280 00:16:29,320 --> 00:16:33,000 Speaker 1: victims to sketch out and new inquests to publicize, there 281 00:16:33,040 --> 00:16:35,840 Speaker 1: just wasn't anything new to say. The tension of the 282 00:16:35,920 --> 00:16:40,640 Speaker 1: murders went slack as the weeks marched by the strengthened 283 00:16:40,640 --> 00:16:43,000 Speaker 1: police numbers in the East End. Carried on for as 284 00:16:43,040 --> 00:16:46,200 Speaker 1: long as the new Commissioner James Monroe could justify the 285 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:49,920 Speaker 1: budget to the Home Secretary, but government budgets rarely make 286 00:16:49,960 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 1: press sensations, even when they reached the headlines. Soon enough, 287 00:16:54,560 --> 00:16:57,520 Speaker 1: the name invented by the Central Press Agency had gone 288 00:16:57,560 --> 00:17:00,960 Speaker 1: the way of every figure from popular fiction. He had 289 00:17:01,080 --> 00:17:03,560 Speaker 1: his day in the sun and faded with the ink 290 00:17:04,119 --> 00:17:12,280 Speaker 1: he was printed on. The papers closed their chapter on 291 00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:16,119 Speaker 1: Jack the Ripper. They moved on, but the case, well, 292 00:17:16,200 --> 00:17:19,119 Speaker 1: that was still open, because the thing that gave energy 293 00:17:19,200 --> 00:17:22,280 Speaker 1: to those early press reports was still true. The killer 294 00:17:22,320 --> 00:17:25,560 Speaker 1: had not been caught, but the police didn't move on 295 00:17:25,640 --> 00:17:29,280 Speaker 1: as easily as the press. The flow of sensationalist stories 296 00:17:29,320 --> 00:17:32,280 Speaker 1: may have stopped, but the search was ongoing. The questions 297 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:34,880 Speaker 1: that needed to be answered still hung in the air, 298 00:17:35,840 --> 00:17:39,040 Speaker 1: and the veriest senior policeman in the Metropolitan Office all 299 00:17:39,119 --> 00:17:41,560 Speaker 1: had their sense of who the killer might be. The 300 00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:45,200 Speaker 1: problem was, though they all disagreed. In the final months 301 00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:48,879 Speaker 1: of eight eight, immediately following Mary Kelly's death, a number 302 00:17:48,920 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: of suspects were arrested. One detective sergeants who had been 303 00:17:52,880 --> 00:17:56,320 Speaker 1: involved in patrolling Whitechapel brought a man into police court 304 00:17:56,400 --> 00:17:58,960 Speaker 1: on the day that Mary Kelly was buried. He was 305 00:17:59,119 --> 00:18:03,199 Speaker 1: the time, said, a man of decidedly foreign appearance, and 306 00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:05,680 Speaker 1: his mustache was no doubt the thing that put him 307 00:18:05,680 --> 00:18:09,119 Speaker 1: front and center in the suspicions of the police. The 308 00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:12,639 Speaker 1: sergeant presented the magistrate with his deep suspicions he had 309 00:18:12,720 --> 00:18:15,399 Speaker 1: arrested this man before and held him under lock and 310 00:18:15,480 --> 00:18:18,199 Speaker 1: key in connection with the murder of Liz Stride. It 311 00:18:18,280 --> 00:18:20,639 Speaker 1: was only after he was released that Mary Kelly was 312 00:18:20,680 --> 00:18:23,280 Speaker 1: found dead. To the sergeant's mind, this could be the 313 00:18:23,359 --> 00:18:25,640 Speaker 1: murderer that they had all been searching so hard for. 314 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:29,639 Speaker 1: A Swede named nicanner Ben alias. This time he had 315 00:18:29,680 --> 00:18:32,800 Speaker 1: been arrested for a terrifying home invasion. A woman had 316 00:18:32,840 --> 00:18:35,080 Speaker 1: been at home alone and had left open the street 317 00:18:35,080 --> 00:18:37,879 Speaker 1: facing door. When she was sitting in her parlor, the 318 00:18:37,920 --> 00:18:41,760 Speaker 1: man suddenly burst in. Terrified, she gasped out, what do 319 00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:45,120 Speaker 1: you want? In reply, he only grinned. She jumped out 320 00:18:45,119 --> 00:18:47,000 Speaker 1: of her chair and ran to the window, but when 321 00:18:47,040 --> 00:18:50,720 Speaker 1: she turned back to the room he had disappeared. It 322 00:18:50,800 --> 00:18:53,040 Speaker 1: was enough to get him arrested by a constable in 323 00:18:53,080 --> 00:18:55,760 Speaker 1: the street, but the evidence against him thinned out to 324 00:18:55,800 --> 00:18:58,679 Speaker 1: the parallel between his break in and Mary Kelly's murder 325 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:00,800 Speaker 1: in her room. The police he held him for a 326 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:03,479 Speaker 1: few days and peppered him with questions, but all they 327 00:19:03,560 --> 00:19:06,199 Speaker 1: learned was that his landlord sometimes found him preaching in 328 00:19:06,240 --> 00:19:09,359 Speaker 1: the streets, and he was twenty five shillings behind on 329 00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:12,760 Speaker 1: his rent. He had been under watch from the Birmingham 330 00:19:12,800 --> 00:19:14,960 Speaker 1: police and they had sent word to London to do 331 00:19:15,040 --> 00:19:17,119 Speaker 1: the same, but rather than keep an eye on him 332 00:19:17,160 --> 00:19:20,120 Speaker 1: from a distance, the London authorities had immediately colored him 333 00:19:20,119 --> 00:19:23,680 Speaker 1: for questioning. The Birmingham police had speculated that this man 334 00:19:23,720 --> 00:19:27,240 Speaker 1: was the true Whitechapel killer, escaping London after each murderer 335 00:19:27,280 --> 00:19:29,920 Speaker 1: by taking the early train out of the city. After 336 00:19:30,040 --> 00:19:33,400 Speaker 1: questioning him, though he was released and soon vanished from 337 00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:36,439 Speaker 1: the pages of history, he wasn't the only doctor to 338 00:19:36,480 --> 00:19:39,400 Speaker 1: come under scrutiny and then make a quick escape. In fact, 339 00:19:39,440 --> 00:19:41,919 Speaker 1: there was an Irish American doctor in London, a man 340 00:19:42,040 --> 00:19:45,280 Speaker 1: named humble t. He was frequently watched by Scotland Yard 341 00:19:45,359 --> 00:19:47,919 Speaker 1: and at least one Chief inspector and the man in 342 00:19:48,000 --> 00:19:51,360 Speaker 1: charge of the Special Branch in eight firmly believed Dr 343 00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:54,560 Speaker 1: Tumblety was the murderer. He was so certain, actually, that 344 00:19:54,640 --> 00:19:57,720 Speaker 1: he had him arrested, and there's no surprise that he 345 00:19:57,720 --> 00:20:00,520 Speaker 1: would be watched by the Special Branch. He was justin 346 00:20:00,560 --> 00:20:04,119 Speaker 1: Irish American doctor, but one with Finney and sympathies, and 347 00:20:04,160 --> 00:20:07,840 Speaker 1: the bombs of the Finneyan campaign still resounded throughout Scotland yard. 348 00:20:08,400 --> 00:20:11,640 Speaker 1: And as they watched him, their suspicions grew. After all, 349 00:20:11,720 --> 00:20:15,320 Speaker 1: he was bitter in the extreme, they said, toward women. 350 00:20:16,200 --> 00:20:18,560 Speaker 1: If either of the charges were true and tumble Ty 351 00:20:18,720 --> 00:20:21,480 Speaker 1: was connected to either the bombings or the brutal murders, 352 00:20:21,680 --> 00:20:25,159 Speaker 1: Special Branch must have been incendiary with rage. Because the 353 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:29,240 Speaker 1: American doctor was allowed to post bail. Two men came forward, 354 00:20:29,400 --> 00:20:33,000 Speaker 1: paid the enormous fee and then disappeared, and Tumblety went 355 00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:35,760 Speaker 1: out with the tide. He hopped from London to France 356 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:38,400 Speaker 1: and then back to the United States. In fact, the 357 00:20:38,480 --> 00:20:40,800 Speaker 1: Special Branch went so far as to send an officer 358 00:20:40,920 --> 00:20:43,720 Speaker 1: over the Atlantic to hunt him down. When word got 359 00:20:43,720 --> 00:20:46,320 Speaker 1: out that an American doctor had been arrested on suspicion 360 00:20:46,359 --> 00:20:48,880 Speaker 1: of the murders, that the world was reading about with horror, 361 00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:52,080 Speaker 1: the American press had a field day. In New York, 362 00:20:52,119 --> 00:20:54,800 Speaker 1: they published sightings of tumble Ty. When his ship arrived 363 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:58,000 Speaker 1: and they also published accounts of the English detective attempting 364 00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:01,120 Speaker 1: to catch him. Taken together, those stories allowed the man 365 00:21:01,160 --> 00:21:04,480 Speaker 1: to vanish without a trace as far west to San Francisco. 366 00:21:04,560 --> 00:21:07,520 Speaker 1: The chronicle profiled the doctors passed in the city with 367 00:21:07,640 --> 00:21:10,639 Speaker 1: commentary from the local chief of police. In fact, some 368 00:21:10,720 --> 00:21:13,639 Speaker 1: of Tumblet's money was still held in a San Francisco bank, 369 00:21:13,960 --> 00:21:17,200 Speaker 1: but the man never appeared to claim it, and East 370 00:21:17,280 --> 00:21:20,240 Speaker 1: End murders didn't end with the man's departure from London. 371 00:21:20,520 --> 00:21:23,760 Speaker 1: The year ended with a terrifying event just before Christmas, 372 00:21:23,760 --> 00:21:26,600 Speaker 1: a killing that left many people wondering whether the same 373 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:30,160 Speaker 1: murderer was still at large and still praying on vulnerable 374 00:21:30,160 --> 00:21:32,919 Speaker 1: women in the East End because it was in the 375 00:21:32,960 --> 00:21:36,840 Speaker 1: early morning hours of December that Rose Milette's body was 376 00:21:36,880 --> 00:21:39,639 Speaker 1: found by two police officers who were patrolling the street 377 00:21:39,680 --> 00:21:42,840 Speaker 1: where she was killed the shadow darkness of Clark's Yard. 378 00:21:43,600 --> 00:21:46,080 Speaker 1: There were no cuts on her body and her money 379 00:21:46,200 --> 00:21:48,760 Speaker 1: was still in her pockets. After he had fetched a 380 00:21:48,760 --> 00:21:51,600 Speaker 1: surgeon to examine the body, the police sergeant searched the 381 00:21:51,680 --> 00:21:54,439 Speaker 1: yard and found no signs of a struggle. The surgeon, 382 00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:56,840 Speaker 1: who arrived on the scene declared her dead, though the 383 00:21:56,840 --> 00:22:00,120 Speaker 1: body was still warm when she was delivered to the mortuary. 384 00:22:00,160 --> 00:22:02,720 Speaker 1: The police believed that she had died of natural causes. 385 00:22:03,600 --> 00:22:06,240 Speaker 1: When when Baxter marched into the inquest the next day, 386 00:22:06,280 --> 00:22:09,000 Speaker 1: a different conclusion was about to hit the papers and 387 00:22:09,119 --> 00:22:11,359 Speaker 1: to shock Scotland Yard, who thought their work on the 388 00:22:11,440 --> 00:22:15,080 Speaker 1: murder was done because during the post mortem examination, two 389 00:22:15,080 --> 00:22:17,199 Speaker 1: other doctors found that there was a wound on the 390 00:22:17,240 --> 00:22:19,919 Speaker 1: woman's neck. It was a deep mark that ran from 391 00:22:19,960 --> 00:22:22,280 Speaker 1: the right side of the spine around the front of 392 00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:26,320 Speaker 1: her throat, ending beneath her left ear. The woman, it seems, 393 00:22:26,960 --> 00:22:30,920 Speaker 1: had been strangled. It was a shock to the police department. 394 00:22:31,200 --> 00:22:33,800 Speaker 1: With no signs of struggle and no witnesses around the 395 00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:37,680 Speaker 1: yard reporting any unusual noise, a dread came over the police. 396 00:22:38,160 --> 00:22:40,840 Speaker 1: The press reported that the stealth and efficiency of the 397 00:22:40,920 --> 00:22:44,199 Speaker 1: killing must be the work of a skillful hand, and 398 00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:47,280 Speaker 1: everyone knew exactly who that meant. It was all too 399 00:22:47,320 --> 00:22:50,120 Speaker 1: obvious to the Times, who conjured up the specter of 400 00:22:50,359 --> 00:22:53,720 Speaker 1: in their words, the recent crimes as the only possible 401 00:22:53,760 --> 00:22:57,240 Speaker 1: precedent for murder. After all, the killer had vanished without 402 00:22:57,280 --> 00:23:01,760 Speaker 1: a trace. James Monroe sent for a medical examination from 403 00:23:01,800 --> 00:23:05,960 Speaker 1: a trusted adviser, Dr Thomas Bond, and he immediately dispatched 404 00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:08,640 Speaker 1: a capable officer to devote his energy to the case, 405 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:12,600 Speaker 1: Chief Inspector Donald Swanson. But Swanson wasn't the only one 406 00:23:12,640 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: investigating the murder, with Win Baxter helming the inquest. The 407 00:23:16,400 --> 00:23:20,199 Speaker 1: Star soon followed after, and as always, they had a 408 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:23,200 Speaker 1: story in mind to fit the case. Their lead sentence 409 00:23:23,280 --> 00:23:26,200 Speaker 1: proclaimed that a police surgeon had determined that the woman's 410 00:23:26,240 --> 00:23:29,879 Speaker 1: murder was the work of the White Chapel fiend, and 411 00:23:29,920 --> 00:23:33,080 Speaker 1: they came to that conclusion by hunting down Dr Phillips, 412 00:23:33,200 --> 00:23:35,520 Speaker 1: the man whose theory that the White Chapel killer was 413 00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:38,639 Speaker 1: a surgeon made so many East End doctors the target 414 00:23:38,680 --> 00:23:42,480 Speaker 1: of deep suspicion. The Star reporter claimed that Dr Phillips, 415 00:23:42,520 --> 00:23:45,520 Speaker 1: who had examined the body of Annie Chapman at Hanbury Street, 416 00:23:45,800 --> 00:23:48,680 Speaker 1: believed that she had been strangled before her throat was cut. 417 00:23:49,760 --> 00:23:52,920 Speaker 1: This had strengthened his belief that the killer was an anatomist, 418 00:23:53,320 --> 00:23:56,040 Speaker 1: because he believed that the murderer knew just where to 419 00:23:56,080 --> 00:23:58,640 Speaker 1: wrap a wire around a victim's neck to choke off 420 00:23:58,680 --> 00:24:02,919 Speaker 1: any screams. And so The Star reported Dr Phillips believed 421 00:24:02,960 --> 00:24:06,280 Speaker 1: that this new victim, Rose Myolette, had been killed by 422 00:24:06,280 --> 00:24:10,040 Speaker 1: the same man. But once again Dr Phillips profile of 423 00:24:10,040 --> 00:24:12,200 Speaker 1: the killer was about to crash against the opinion of 424 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:16,000 Speaker 1: Dr Thomas Bond when he swept into examine Rose's body 425 00:24:16,040 --> 00:24:18,520 Speaker 1: on Christmas Eve. Doctor Bond said that there was no 426 00:24:18,640 --> 00:24:21,320 Speaker 1: mark on her neck from accord, and certainly not the 427 00:24:21,400 --> 00:24:23,199 Speaker 1: kind of thing you would expect if she had been 428 00:24:23,240 --> 00:24:27,119 Speaker 1: strangled violently. If anything, he reported, she had been a 429 00:24:27,240 --> 00:24:29,560 Speaker 1: drunk and when she fell to the ground, the neck 430 00:24:29,560 --> 00:24:32,440 Speaker 1: of her jacket had pressed against her throats and killed her. 431 00:24:32,920 --> 00:24:37,800 Speaker 1: A terrible accident, he said, but nothing more. When Baxter 432 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:41,520 Speaker 1: was furious when he reopened the inquest, he ripped into 433 00:24:41,520 --> 00:24:44,800 Speaker 1: the betrayal doctor. After doctor had seen the body, he said, 434 00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:47,719 Speaker 1: at the urging of the detectives, but without his knowledge 435 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:51,480 Speaker 1: or permission, medical opinions were flying thick and fast, But 436 00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:55,000 Speaker 1: only Doctor Bond had thrown his expertise against the idea 437 00:24:55,080 --> 00:24:58,879 Speaker 1: that Rose Miolette had been murdered. It was police against 438 00:24:58,960 --> 00:25:02,879 Speaker 1: corner surge at each other's throats, and the star flogging 439 00:25:02,920 --> 00:25:05,199 Speaker 1: on the idea that the ripper was still hunting in 440 00:25:05,200 --> 00:25:07,880 Speaker 1: the East End. The jury at the inquest came back 441 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:10,919 Speaker 1: with a verdict that Win Baxter expected Rose Milette had 442 00:25:10,920 --> 00:25:15,159 Speaker 1: been murdered by some person or persons unknown, and like 443 00:25:15,240 --> 00:25:18,080 Speaker 1: the murder of the other women in Whitechapel, the killer 444 00:25:18,080 --> 00:25:21,440 Speaker 1: would never be caught. But despite the Star's best efforts, 445 00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:25,960 Speaker 1: other papers let the story lie Rosa's death was a 446 00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:29,040 Speaker 1: tragedy in its own right. In fact, other women would 447 00:25:29,080 --> 00:25:32,919 Speaker 1: continue to die under deeply suspicious circumstances in the East End, 448 00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:36,119 Speaker 1: but the writers who could weave the threads together into 449 00:25:36,119 --> 00:25:40,280 Speaker 1: a terrifying image had laid down their chaotic looms. The 450 00:25:40,359 --> 00:25:48,359 Speaker 1: Ripper scare was over. Mary Kelly's eyes were still open. 451 00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:51,800 Speaker 1: You remember the way that they imprinted on the inspector 452 00:25:51,880 --> 00:25:54,399 Speaker 1: who first pushed back the dirty coat to behold the 453 00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:57,639 Speaker 1: room for him. They screamed of the police failure to 454 00:25:57,680 --> 00:26:01,520 Speaker 1: catch the killer before he had reached her. For others, though, 455 00:26:01,560 --> 00:26:04,360 Speaker 1: the eyes of Mary Kelly were the last desperate avenue 456 00:26:04,400 --> 00:26:08,440 Speaker 1: of investigation. Remember that suggestion in the papers after Annie 457 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:11,280 Speaker 1: Chapman had died that police should take photographs of the 458 00:26:11,359 --> 00:26:14,080 Speaker 1: victim's eyes to see if they would reveal the imprinted 459 00:26:14,080 --> 00:26:17,760 Speaker 1: image of the killer. According to one memoir published years 460 00:26:17,840 --> 00:26:21,080 Speaker 1: later by one of the inspectors after Mary Kelly's death. 461 00:26:21,240 --> 00:26:25,480 Speaker 1: The police actually tried it, he says. They didn't expect 462 00:26:25,520 --> 00:26:28,600 Speaker 1: it to work necessarily. They did it as an experiment, 463 00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,520 Speaker 1: but they did it all the same, and they didn't 464 00:26:31,520 --> 00:26:35,639 Speaker 1: take half measures. They called in expert photographers and used 465 00:26:35,680 --> 00:26:38,920 Speaker 1: the latest type of cameras. They snapped away at Mary 466 00:26:38,960 --> 00:26:42,720 Speaker 1: Kelly's Retina's, hoping that her trauma had imprinted itself there. 467 00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:46,160 Speaker 1: Of course, all the effort was useless and it should 468 00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:49,560 Speaker 1: be no surprise that it didn't work. The result, he wrote, 469 00:26:50,040 --> 00:26:53,560 Speaker 1: was negative. Along with the idea of using bloodhounds to 470 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:56,719 Speaker 1: hunt the killer through Whitechapel's busy streets. It was another 471 00:26:56,760 --> 00:27:00,000 Speaker 1: attempt at cutting edge technique that proved to be used 472 00:27:00,119 --> 00:27:03,600 Speaker 1: us in the heart of the city. There was another 473 00:27:03,640 --> 00:27:06,600 Speaker 1: set of eyes brought to the case, though, Melville McNaughton. 474 00:27:07,160 --> 00:27:09,560 Speaker 1: He was the man who had been refused police service 475 00:27:09,600 --> 00:27:12,200 Speaker 1: by Charles Warren at the beginning of eighteen eighty eight 476 00:27:12,600 --> 00:27:15,800 Speaker 1: when James Monroe to control of the Metropolitan Police. Though 477 00:27:16,119 --> 00:27:20,280 Speaker 1: McNaughton finally got his chance, here's Adam Wood to say more. 478 00:27:21,560 --> 00:27:23,919 Speaker 1: Things changed, of course, when Warren resigned at the end 479 00:27:23,960 --> 00:27:29,399 Speaker 1: of Monroe became commissioner. Mcnorton was appointed Assistant Chief Constable 480 00:27:29,440 --> 00:27:33,680 Speaker 1: support in Williamson in June and replaced him in December 481 00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:37,359 Speaker 1: nine when Williamson died. So they had the three friends 482 00:27:37,359 --> 00:27:40,399 Speaker 1: together there, Anderson, Monroe and mc norton. But although he 483 00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:42,840 Speaker 1: wasn't around at the time of the reper investigation of 484 00:27:43,760 --> 00:27:47,280 Speaker 1: McNaughton was quite actively involved in inquiries into subsequent murders 485 00:27:47,280 --> 00:27:50,240 Speaker 1: in White Chapel, such as Alis McKenzie and Francis Coles. 486 00:27:50,320 --> 00:27:54,160 Speaker 1: And in his autobiography, which is completely exaggerated, he's rolling 487 00:27:54,160 --> 00:27:56,159 Speaker 1: everything to be honest, but he puts himself in the 488 00:27:56,200 --> 00:27:58,639 Speaker 1: center of things quite heavily there. I think it seems 489 00:27:58,680 --> 00:28:00,879 Speaker 1: to be that he was frustrated it on the outside, 490 00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:05,000 Speaker 1: wanting to be part of investigation, but certainly took any 491 00:28:05,040 --> 00:28:09,359 Speaker 1: big invol Whitney things alter his appointment. But if McNaughton 492 00:28:09,400 --> 00:28:11,640 Speaker 1: resented the fact that he wasn't on the case during 493 00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:14,919 Speaker 1: the Whitechapel murders, he didn't let his new opportunity go 494 00:28:15,040 --> 00:28:18,520 Speaker 1: to waste, because, as you may have guessed, Mary Kelly 495 00:28:18,640 --> 00:28:22,040 Speaker 1: wasn't the last woman to be killed in Whitechapel, which 496 00:28:22,080 --> 00:28:24,720 Speaker 1: brings us to July of eight eighty nine, when an 497 00:28:24,720 --> 00:28:27,080 Speaker 1: East End lodger named John woke up to find that 498 00:28:27,160 --> 00:28:30,760 Speaker 1: his bed was empty and cold. His partner, Alice, hadn't 499 00:28:30,760 --> 00:28:33,720 Speaker 1: come to the lodging house the night before. He stumbled 500 00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:36,600 Speaker 1: blearily down the stairs to talk with the lodging housekeeper, 501 00:28:36,600 --> 00:28:39,560 Speaker 1: who told him that he hadn't seen Alice, nor had 502 00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:43,200 Speaker 1: she paid the fee for their bed. She was found 503 00:28:43,240 --> 00:28:46,360 Speaker 1: almost two hours later by a constable walking his beats 504 00:28:46,360 --> 00:28:50,920 Speaker 1: in Whitechapel. As he proceeded Downcastle Alley. Alice's body was 505 00:28:51,040 --> 00:28:54,480 Speaker 1: lying on the footpath between two vendor's carts, faintly lit 506 00:28:54,600 --> 00:28:57,520 Speaker 1: by a nearby street light. The constable saw that she 507 00:28:57,640 --> 00:28:59,800 Speaker 1: was slumped to her side and that her clothes were 508 00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:02,880 Speaker 1: stup over her body, where it lay in a pool 509 00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:07,160 Speaker 1: of blood. Dr Phillips was summoned for the medical examination, 510 00:29:07,360 --> 00:29:09,680 Speaker 1: and the Whitechappel detectives who made it to the scene 511 00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:12,760 Speaker 1: just after one o'clock were no strangers decides like this. 512 00:29:13,280 --> 00:29:15,680 Speaker 1: Less than a year had passed since Mary Kelly's death. 513 00:29:16,040 --> 00:29:18,320 Speaker 1: Most of the same men were still on the job, 514 00:29:18,720 --> 00:29:21,600 Speaker 1: and the wounds they saw on Alice's body chilled them. 515 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:25,880 Speaker 1: Two cuts acrossed her neck and long, jagged slices went 516 00:29:25,960 --> 00:29:31,240 Speaker 1: deep into her abdomen. Crowds packed in around Castle Alley, 517 00:29:31,440 --> 00:29:35,960 Speaker 1: crowds packed in around the mortuary, and Melville McNaughton must 518 00:29:35,960 --> 00:29:39,680 Speaker 1: have felt a thrill because the truth was as plain 519 00:29:39,760 --> 00:29:47,040 Speaker 1: as day. Jack the Ripper had killed again. That's it 520 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:51,120 Speaker 1: for this week's episode of Unobscured. Stick around after this 521 00:29:51,200 --> 00:29:54,440 Speaker 1: short sponsor break for a preview of what's in store 522 00:29:54,560 --> 00:30:01,320 Speaker 1: for next week. When ever, a new body turned up, 523 00:30:01,640 --> 00:30:04,560 Speaker 1: the question had to be asked, was this the work 524 00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:09,040 Speaker 1: of Jack the Ripper. In a year that followed Autumn 525 00:30:09,080 --> 00:30:12,800 Speaker 1: of Terror, everyone responsible for governing life and death in 526 00:30:12,840 --> 00:30:16,560 Speaker 1: Whitechapel was caught in a fog of uncertainty. At Alice 527 00:30:16,640 --> 00:30:20,200 Speaker 1: Mackenzie's inquest, Win Baxter intoned for The Times of London 528 00:30:20,240 --> 00:30:23,640 Speaker 1: that there is great similarity between this and the other 529 00:30:23,760 --> 00:30:26,719 Speaker 1: class of cases which have happened in this neighborhood, and 530 00:30:26,800 --> 00:30:29,600 Speaker 1: if this crime has not been committed by the same person, 531 00:30:29,920 --> 00:30:33,520 Speaker 1: it is clearly an imitation of the other cases. There 532 00:30:33,640 --> 00:30:36,640 Speaker 1: is nothing to show why, he said, the woman is 533 00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:56,240 Speaker 1: murdered or by whom lon Obscured was created by me, 534 00:30:56,480 --> 00:30:59,720 Speaker 1: Aaron Manky and produced by Matt Frederick, Alex Williams, and 535 00:31:00,280 --> 00:31:04,040 Speaker 1: Thane in partnership with I Heart Radio. Research and writing 536 00:31:04,040 --> 00:31:06,080 Speaker 1: for this season is all the work of my right 537 00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:09,440 Speaker 1: hand man Carl Nellis and the brilliant Chad Lawson composed 538 00:31:09,480 --> 00:31:13,440 Speaker 1: the brand new soundtrack. Learn more about our contributing historians, 539 00:31:13,560 --> 00:31:16,680 Speaker 1: source material and links to our other shows over at 540 00:31:16,760 --> 00:31:22,160 Speaker 1: history unobscured dot com, and until next time, thanks for listening. 541 00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:32,320 Speaker 1: Unobscured is a production of I Heart Radio and Aaron Minkey. 542 00:31:32,400 --> 00:31:34,960 Speaker 1: For more podcasts from My Heart Radio, visit i heeart Radio, app, 543 00:31:35,040 --> 00:31:37,520 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.