WEBVTT - How Peyote Works 0:00:00.360 --> 0:00:03.720 Hello, Maine and Greater New England. We're coming to see 0:00:03.760 --> 0:00:06.360 you guys in Portland and we can't wait. We would 0:00:06.360 --> 0:00:07.960 love to see you there. Yep, we'll be at the 0:00:08.000 --> 0:00:11.119 State Theater on August. If you're interested, you can get 0:00:11.119 --> 0:00:15.200 tickets and information at s y s K live dot com. 0:00:15.520 --> 0:00:19.520 Throws some lobster at us. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, 0:00:19.720 --> 0:00:28.520 a production of I Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, 0:00:28.600 --> 0:00:31.960 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles 0:00:32.000 --> 0:00:36.600 w Chuck Bryan, there's Jerry over there, and uh whow, 0:00:36.600 --> 0:00:43.280 he's Alie Payton's best record. I think, um no, no, 0:00:43.640 --> 0:00:47.840 hold on no, it's not why he's Ali it's um 0:00:47.880 --> 0:00:52.000 it's not Crooked Rain, Crooked Rain, crooked rink between them 0:00:52.120 --> 0:00:55.040 with Summer Babe. Oh no, that was the first one 0:00:55.080 --> 0:00:57.920 that's slanted and enchanted. Okay, that was their first album. 0:00:58.560 --> 0:01:01.600 What a classic, man. I think that's their best one, 0:01:01.680 --> 0:01:04.479 is it not? Well? Cricket Rain gets sighted a lot 0:01:04.520 --> 0:01:07.959 of times is sort of the peak pavement. Uh. Slanted 0:01:08.080 --> 0:01:10.479 is for fans of like the early sloppy days lo fi, 0:01:10.560 --> 0:01:13.399 which we both love. I like, Wow, He's out because 0:01:13.400 --> 0:01:16.160 it was so strange and Weird. I haven't heard that 0:01:16.160 --> 0:01:18.800 one very much. It's great. Okay, they're all They're all great. 0:01:18.800 --> 0:01:20.679 I like him, even right down to the last one, 0:01:22.400 --> 0:01:26.399 the Weird Um Polka experimental album that they came out 0:01:27.240 --> 0:01:31.039 they're playing. Uh, they announced they're playing another couple of 0:01:31.040 --> 0:01:34.960 reunion shows at a festival in Portugal, and I, you know, 0:01:35.280 --> 0:01:39.200 we're in touch with Mr Bob Nistanovich and I texted him, 0:01:39.319 --> 0:01:42.040 It's like, do I have to go to Portugal? Is 0:01:42.080 --> 0:01:44.399 anything bruin here in the States. It's like, because I'll go. 0:01:44.720 --> 0:01:47.119 What do you say? He said, Uh, nothing is of yet. 0:01:47.520 --> 0:01:49.240 He's like, so go with God. Are you going to 0:01:49.280 --> 0:01:51.560 go to ports your goal? Maybe if that's the only 0:01:51.680 --> 0:01:54.440 chance to see Paven again, because I want to go 0:01:54.440 --> 0:01:56.720 to Portugal anyway. You have frequent fire miles to use 0:01:56.800 --> 0:02:01.160 an do it? You totally should and drink some port 0:02:01.200 --> 0:02:03.680 while you're there too. Yeah. You know, my friends opening 0:02:03.760 --> 0:02:07.400 up a wine shop in Kirkwood that is very not 0:02:07.520 --> 0:02:10.440 exclusively Portuguese, but that's where she's from. It's going to 0:02:10.480 --> 0:02:14.200 be featuring a lot of Portuguese wines. That works really 0:02:14.240 --> 0:02:17.480 well with this episode, Chuck, as we'll see later on. 0:02:18.080 --> 0:02:21.080 But just put a pin in Portuguese wine, okay, and 0:02:21.200 --> 0:02:23.560 for later. All right, So you started off by saying 0:02:23.600 --> 0:02:27.000 the words wowie's awe because we're talking about peyote, which 0:02:27.040 --> 0:02:31.600 is an allucinogen. That's right, but um, it's a it's 0:02:31.760 --> 0:02:34.359 from what I've seen, one of the oldest to hallucinogens. 0:02:34.840 --> 0:02:38.960 People were eating mushrooms all over Europe, north central western 0:02:39.040 --> 0:02:42.440 Europe for a very long time, sometimes accidentally, which is hysterical. 0:02:42.680 --> 0:02:45.080 But people have been eating peyote for a really really 0:02:45.160 --> 0:02:49.040 long time too, as we'll see, thousands and thousands of years, 0:02:49.800 --> 0:02:53.600 and as a results, got a pretty interesting little history 0:02:53.639 --> 0:02:58.400 to it, both ancient and modern. And really all it 0:02:58.440 --> 0:03:01.920 comes down to is it's a bineless cactus that has 0:03:01.960 --> 0:03:06.520 a very bitter taste that's not nice, never stands up 0:03:06.560 --> 0:03:10.080 for itself. Um, but it is a spineless cactus, which 0:03:10.120 --> 0:03:12.320 means well, if it's a spinless cactus, that means that 0:03:12.400 --> 0:03:15.360 desert animals probably love to eat it. They don't because 0:03:15.360 --> 0:03:17.520 it has a really bitter taste. And that bitter taste 0:03:17.960 --> 0:03:22.040 is an alkaloid called mescaline, right, And that it's a sign. 0:03:22.320 --> 0:03:25.120 It's nature signs saying don't eat me, right, but just 0:03:25.160 --> 0:03:28.400 so happens that if we humans eat that particular alkaloid, 0:03:28.840 --> 0:03:31.720 we say things like wow, he's alwi. That's right, right, 0:03:32.600 --> 0:03:36.440 so uh, yeah, let's go. It is native to Mexico 0:03:37.360 --> 0:03:41.520 in the southern US. It is technically the scientific name 0:03:41.600 --> 0:03:45.720 is loafa Fhora william Ce. Now we decided that two 0:03:45.720 --> 0:03:50.280 eyes means you pronounced both right, uh. And it grows 0:03:50.360 --> 0:03:53.440 in northern Mexico and South Texas right along the border. 0:03:53.440 --> 0:03:58.160 There knows no borders, that's true. And it loves the 0:03:58.560 --> 0:04:04.240 rocky limestone. And in historical documents it's had a range 0:04:04.240 --> 0:04:07.640 all the way up to New Mexico perhaps, and we've 0:04:07.640 --> 0:04:11.280 either changed that with human interaction or that was just wrong. 0:04:12.400 --> 0:04:15.480 But it definitely grows along the border. Yeah, and it 0:04:15.520 --> 0:04:18.640 looks like a little uh did growing up? Did you 0:04:18.640 --> 0:04:21.800 ever see those little tomato pincushions. Yeah, oh yeah, it 0:04:21.880 --> 0:04:24.960 looks sort of like that, but it's not red, yeah, 0:04:25.000 --> 0:04:28.120 I guess. And it doesn't have pin sticking out of it. Now, 0:04:28.360 --> 0:04:30.120 although you could stick a pin in it, sure you 0:04:30.160 --> 0:04:32.000 could put a bird on it, it would be very 0:04:32.000 --> 0:04:35.760 disrespectful to the spirit within the payote though, that's right. 0:04:35.839 --> 0:04:37.919 It probably wouldn't like that very much. That's true, like 0:04:37.920 --> 0:04:42.479 a little Payote voodoo doll. Sure. Um. So, like we said, 0:04:43.000 --> 0:04:46.559 the mescaline is is to tell animals stay away, don't 0:04:46.560 --> 0:04:49.720 eat me. Um. They also think it's possible that has 0:04:49.760 --> 0:04:52.640 something to do with communications between plants. It may do 0:04:52.720 --> 0:04:55.479 a number of different things actually, But one of the 0:04:55.520 --> 0:04:58.400 things about payote is it has this reputation, a very 0:04:58.400 --> 0:05:02.440 mystical reputation, not just because it's a psychedelic and a leucinogen, 0:05:03.000 --> 0:05:07.120 but because it is really really hard to find until 0:05:07.200 --> 0:05:11.279 it's not. It's got this reputation where you'll be looking 0:05:11.320 --> 0:05:14.080 all over for payote. It grows in the rocky soil, 0:05:14.520 --> 0:05:17.239 and typically it will grow under like a creosop bush 0:05:17.320 --> 0:05:22.040 or a mesquite tree or something like that nurse plant. Right, Um, 0:05:22.080 --> 0:05:25.880 but you can you could have looked all over underneath 0:05:25.880 --> 0:05:28.159 the creosoat tree or whatever, and you walk away and 0:05:28.200 --> 0:05:30.520 then you're like, I'll just go back and look again, 0:05:30.600 --> 0:05:32.360 and there it is, just staring you right in the face. 0:05:32.400 --> 0:05:34.320 Trip over a rock and you land on it. Right 0:05:34.440 --> 0:05:36.520 there's the payot. So it's got this kind of neat 0:05:36.600 --> 0:05:40.920 little uhum reputation for for hiding, playing hide and go 0:05:41.000 --> 0:05:42.560 seek with you, and then it's like, okay, all right, 0:05:42.600 --> 0:05:46.200 go ahead and eat me and trip trip. I was 0:05:46.200 --> 0:05:50.440 gonna say something else. Uh, like I said, it is 0:05:50.480 --> 0:05:54.719 not red. Um, they can be brighter green, but uh, 0:05:54.800 --> 0:05:57.640 they can also look sort of bluish. Yeah, which is interesting. 0:05:57.680 --> 0:06:01.000 That nice like steel blue green. It's a pretty color. 0:06:01.160 --> 0:06:04.520 It is um and they grow and usually in clusters 0:06:05.040 --> 0:06:08.320 with multiple plants, but sometimes you can find them individually 0:06:08.360 --> 0:06:10.719 and they I think they're very pretty, that little pink, 0:06:10.760 --> 0:06:14.120 white and yellow flowers. Um. They grow very low to 0:06:14.160 --> 0:06:18.920 the ground and they're just uh, it looks like you know, stubby, Yeah, 0:06:18.920 --> 0:06:25.240 a little stubby tomato with um. Yeah. But it's not 0:06:25.320 --> 0:06:28.520 it's not completely round. It has like sections. It's oh yeah, 0:06:28.560 --> 0:06:32.760 it's almost a little bit too. Yeah. So um yeah, 0:06:32.880 --> 0:06:34.080 I see what you mean. You know what I mean. 0:06:34.400 --> 0:06:41.160 We're on beauty right now. Everyone. That's not true. Oh um. 0:06:41.240 --> 0:06:45.520 So this plant in particular has a weird history of 0:06:45.520 --> 0:06:47.920 getting confused with other plants because some of the other 0:06:47.960 --> 0:06:51.720 plants that go around it are also um consumed by 0:06:51.760 --> 0:06:54.800 some of the indigenous tribes in the area and have been. 0:06:55.200 --> 0:06:57.640 But there's like a type of peyote plant that won't 0:06:57.880 --> 0:06:59.960 it's not psychedelic. It just makes you kind of sleep. 0:07:00.760 --> 0:07:03.600 There's something um called the plant that has miss colbeans 0:07:04.320 --> 0:07:07.000 um that are intoxicons of their own type, but they 0:07:07.000 --> 0:07:09.120 can also kind of kill you. Uh. There was a 0:07:09.120 --> 0:07:14.320 while there where payote Um was called both uh Lapaphoria 0:07:14.840 --> 0:07:21.960 Lapaphora william z and and Hellonium louini. Right, both have 0:07:22.080 --> 0:07:24.200 two eyes on the end. And then somebody's like, now 0:07:24.240 --> 0:07:26.480 that's the same plant. So there's a lot of confusing 0:07:26.520 --> 0:07:31.520 horticultural history associated with I wonder why with payote it 0:07:31.640 --> 0:07:34.640 was playing tricks, is what it was. So there is 0:07:34.800 --> 0:07:39.200 a you know, people have used it not only for 0:07:39.400 --> 0:07:42.600 um religious purposes, although that's a large part of it, 0:07:42.600 --> 0:07:45.040 which we'll get to in depth. But it does have 0:07:45.120 --> 0:07:49.160 some anti microbial properties. I've seen that for in really 0:07:49.160 --> 0:07:53.440 low doses that um. Certain tribes have used it for indigestion, 0:07:54.080 --> 0:07:57.200 to treat wounds, to give them energy to work on 0:07:57.240 --> 0:08:01.960 a computer for days on end your hangovers. Uh, And 0:08:02.480 --> 0:08:06.640 like anything psychedelic you could um technically you can use 0:08:06.680 --> 0:08:09.520 it to help treat mental illness, but they don't study 0:08:09.560 --> 0:08:11.960 that stuff in the United States. So again it's always 0:08:12.080 --> 0:08:15.880 very hard to think about any sort of ecstasy or 0:08:15.920 --> 0:08:20.440 magic mushrooms or anything without studying like clinical studies. Well, 0:08:20.440 --> 0:08:23.280 they and they did study for a while. UM mescaline, 0:08:23.320 --> 0:08:27.080 once they isolated it from peyote was used like LSD 0:08:27.200 --> 0:08:30.400 was in the fifties until LSD came along. And they 0:08:30.480 --> 0:08:33.240 used it because they thought that maybe you could glean 0:08:34.040 --> 0:08:38.520 information about the root cause of schizophrenia by giving mescal 0:08:38.559 --> 0:08:41.520 into people with schizophrenia. But they found out it was 0:08:41.559 --> 0:08:45.920 too unreliable. People's experiences were too different UM and there 0:08:46.000 --> 0:08:50.760 was no kind of UM structure that that the individual followed. 0:08:51.000 --> 0:08:53.280 And plus they found out people with schizophrenia could tell 0:08:53.280 --> 0:08:57.840 the difference between their delusions and delusions brought on by 0:08:58.080 --> 0:09:01.200 mescal iguage. Is pretty interesting. Yeah, and when was that 0:09:01.240 --> 0:09:04.640 in the fifties. I guess pre fifties because LSD came 0:09:04.640 --> 0:09:09.920 along in So when you harvest peyote, UM, you cut 0:09:09.920 --> 0:09:12.840 off that stem really close to the ground and they're 0:09:12.840 --> 0:09:15.640 known as buttons. They look like I guess I've described 0:09:15.720 --> 0:09:17.480 as pincushions, but they look like a little buttons. It 0:09:17.520 --> 0:09:21.160 makes sense. Yeah, and Ed here Ed wrote this article 0:09:21.200 --> 0:09:24.440 the grab st He said a typical trip is four 0:09:24.480 --> 0:09:28.400 to six buttons and I thought that seemed like a 0:09:28.400 --> 0:09:31.040 lot of peyote, because I had seen photos of some 0:09:31.120 --> 0:09:33.800 buttons that were like as large as the palm of 0:09:33.840 --> 0:09:36.800 your hand. And I'm trying to imagine eating eight things 0:09:36.840 --> 0:09:38.880 that big, pier eight tomatoes that large. It's a lot 0:09:38.880 --> 0:09:41.839 of tomatoes. But then I looked at other pictures and 0:09:41.880 --> 0:09:45.200 I guess those were like just super big peyote buttons, 0:09:45.200 --> 0:09:48.440 and most of them were a couple of inches and 0:09:48.720 --> 0:09:51.040 circumference here that big. I thought they were more like 0:09:51.120 --> 0:09:52.959 the size of a quarter or something like that. I 0:09:53.000 --> 0:09:55.360 think between a quarter and like a silver dollar maybe, 0:09:55.480 --> 0:09:59.640 or a shilling for our friends in the UK? Is 0:09:59.640 --> 0:10:02.480 that a Is that a quid? How does that all work? 0:10:03.800 --> 0:10:06.160 A shilling? Oh man, we're gonna get emails about it. 0:10:06.600 --> 0:10:09.400 That's okay. A shilling is like twenty pence. I think 0:10:10.920 --> 0:10:17.839 you're going on record. But four to six buttons, Um that, 0:10:18.000 --> 0:10:19.600 like you said, it's really better. So a lot of 0:10:19.600 --> 0:10:22.680 times people won't want to eat it. Um. There are 0:10:22.720 --> 0:10:24.360 all different kinds of ways you can make the tea 0:10:24.440 --> 0:10:27.200 with it, and we're not giving you a how to write, 0:10:27.280 --> 0:10:29.719 but um, it's as simple as that. This is how 0:10:29.760 --> 0:10:32.240 people take peyote. Sometimes they'll grind into a powder and 0:10:32.320 --> 0:10:35.080 snorted or into a pill. I saw that you can 0:10:35.080 --> 0:10:38.040 smoke it too, when it's dried and powdered. I've never 0:10:38.040 --> 0:10:40.200 heard of that before, but I ran across it. But 0:10:40.760 --> 0:10:44.000 here's the thing. If if you're down south of the 0:10:44.000 --> 0:10:47.240 border and you're out hunting for peyote, uh, and if 0:10:47.240 --> 0:10:49.000 this is something you want to do, more power to you, 0:10:49.120 --> 0:10:51.640 but be respectful of the plant. Don't go digging it 0:10:51.640 --> 0:10:53.720 out with a shovel by the roots because you're gonna 0:10:53.760 --> 0:10:58.640 kill the plant. Yeah, that's extremely disrespectful to a peyote plant, 0:10:58.760 --> 0:11:03.240 especially in the edition of like um groups indigenous tribes 0:11:03.280 --> 0:11:06.440 that take payote for ritual purposes. You do not kill 0:11:06.520 --> 0:11:09.520 the plant. You don't cut off the peyote button so 0:11:09.679 --> 0:11:13.079 um low that the roots can't regenerate, and you don't 0:11:13.120 --> 0:11:16.080 dig the plant out. Yet despite that, people do it 0:11:16.160 --> 0:11:18.920 all the time. And then that combined with feral pigs 0:11:18.960 --> 0:11:21.280 who like to eat it and trip, they really trip. 0:11:21.320 --> 0:11:23.640 I don't know, they definitely like to eat peyote, so 0:11:23.720 --> 0:11:27.760 probably um those two combined have really kind of put 0:11:27.760 --> 0:11:32.280 a hurt and on payote um and it's range so 0:11:32.400 --> 0:11:35.160 people who are like conscious of this stuff say, well, 0:11:35.200 --> 0:11:37.439 you can also get mescaline out of what's called the 0:11:37.480 --> 0:11:39.800 San Pedro cactus, which grows up in the Andes and 0:11:39.840 --> 0:11:42.680 that's not threatened, are vulnerable, and then get it there. Yeah, 0:11:42.760 --> 0:11:45.560 just go go un improve, don't stop in Mexico, keep 0:11:45.559 --> 0:11:48.880 going south. Should we take a break. Let's take a break. 0:11:48.920 --> 0:11:50.480 Charge all right, let's take a break, and we're gonna 0:11:50.520 --> 0:11:52.760 talk a little bit about that mescaline right after this. 0:11:55.920 --> 0:12:18.840 Should know okay, stuff, you should know mescaline that is 0:12:18.840 --> 0:12:22.800 the primary psychedelic chemical, and that was synthesized What did 0:12:22.840 --> 0:12:26.200 you say nineteen eighteen or nineteen nineteen nineteen by Ernest 0:12:26.280 --> 0:12:31.160 Spa Ernest Ernest Smith. That's how you'd say the A 0:12:31.280 --> 0:12:34.240 with the new lat Yeah, so you go Ernt Smith, 0:12:35.720 --> 0:12:39.400 an Austrian chemist. Sorry, Ernest, I do like your name. 0:12:39.559 --> 0:12:41.800 Who I did a little researchers not. This is kind 0:12:41.800 --> 0:12:44.280 of the thing he did that's big enough. Don't you 0:12:44.320 --> 0:12:47.640 think the guy isolated mescaline for Pete's sake? Oh no, no no, no, 0:12:47.679 --> 0:12:49.839 I'm not knocking it. I was just uh, I thought 0:12:49.880 --> 0:12:51.120 it was gonna be like and you know what else 0:12:51.160 --> 0:12:52.880 he did? And this is kind of what he did. 0:12:52.920 --> 0:12:56.839 He's known for that, right, like Joseph Priestley, who was like, 0:12:56.960 --> 0:12:59.800 I discovered nitrous oxide and I also discovered ten other 0:12:59.840 --> 0:13:03.240 things and start on Beverly Hills nine two And have 0:13:03.360 --> 0:13:06.440 you ever seen my shirt? It's the Judas Priest logo, 0:13:06.480 --> 0:13:11.240 but it says Jason Priestly. It's pretty great. Is his 0:13:11.679 --> 0:13:13.760 face anywhere in it? Or is it just it just 0:13:13.800 --> 0:13:18.120 looks like the Judas Priest logo, but it says Jason Priestley. Nice, 0:13:18.440 --> 0:13:20.120 I gotta see that. I like some of those shirts. 0:13:20.559 --> 0:13:22.520 That's it's one of the good ones. The one I 0:13:22.600 --> 0:13:26.120 used to hate was the when Farfik new Again was 0:13:26.200 --> 0:13:29.600 the big thing and the hippies would wear the effin gruven. 0:13:31.559 --> 0:13:41.000 I hated those all right. So um sith sith isolated mescally. 0:13:41.000 --> 0:13:45.840 In the following year, the pharmaceutical company Mark is like, oh, 0:13:45.920 --> 0:13:48.760 we'll just turn this through. No pharmaceutical started to get 0:13:48.800 --> 0:13:53.360 studied and released, and UM things were going along fairly 0:13:53.400 --> 0:13:57.640 swimming lee for it. Um it's a fennel ethel amine, 0:13:58.600 --> 0:14:02.120 which makes it different. Actually, um LSD and psilocybin, which 0:14:02.160 --> 0:14:05.520 our trip to fans. They're in the indole family um 0:14:05.520 --> 0:14:09.520 Fennell ethel mean is the family that mescalin is in 0:14:10.120 --> 0:14:12.640 and m d M A is in. And it's no 0:14:13.200 --> 0:14:15.360 coincidence that m d M A and mescalin are in 0:14:15.400 --> 0:14:18.120 the same family because the chemist who created m D 0:14:18.240 --> 0:14:23.160 m A, Alexander Shulgin, he was inspired to create something 0:14:23.760 --> 0:14:27.640 like mescalin from a mescaline trip. He went on, Uh, 0:14:27.880 --> 0:14:30.640 imagine being like, oh I really like that psychedelic I 0:14:30.680 --> 0:14:32.720 just took let me tinker around and make my own 0:14:32.800 --> 0:14:35.200 version of it, and he created m D M A 0:14:35.200 --> 0:14:37.760 as a result. It's kind of an homage to mescalin. 0:14:37.800 --> 0:14:42.239 He created m D M A and two C b U. Yeah. Well, um, 0:14:42.320 --> 0:14:45.440 what what mescalin does? It binds to the serotonin receptors 0:14:45.440 --> 0:14:49.680 in your brain, and just like UM LSD or magic 0:14:49.720 --> 0:14:52.040 mushrooms and stuff, it's going to cause a sense of 0:14:52.080 --> 0:14:55.040 loss of the cell for ego and ayahuasca. We did 0:14:55.120 --> 0:14:58.840 one on that too, righte. And the interesting thing is 0:14:59.080 --> 0:15:02.400 is ed describes a tolerance with other psychedelics. So in 0:15:02.400 --> 0:15:06.200 other words, if you take a bunch of mescaline, uh, 0:15:06.240 --> 0:15:10.040 it will build up a tolerance for LSD. Let's say, 0:15:11.120 --> 0:15:13.440 which is I guess it hits those same receptors. Yeah, 0:15:13.480 --> 0:15:15.480 I guess, so, which is I guess a problem if 0:15:15.480 --> 0:15:19.480 you take a ton of LSD. But but I have 0:15:19.520 --> 0:15:22.720 a friend from college. I won't name him. But one 0:15:22.720 --> 0:15:25.760 of the funniest quotes h he has about the old 0:15:25.840 --> 0:15:30.120 days is I've definitely forgotten I've taken acid and taken 0:15:30.120 --> 0:15:35.440 more acid. That's a T shirt right there too. That's deep. 0:15:35.480 --> 0:15:39.400 That's the eighties dead T shirt. It is um f 0:15:39.680 --> 0:15:45.920 and grooven. Remember that, Yeah, I remember? No? Okay, no, no, 0:15:45.920 --> 0:15:52.200 no mindset funking Grooven. So um. When peyote binds to 0:15:52.280 --> 0:15:55.520 those serotonin receptors, some of the cells that it binds 0:15:55.560 --> 0:16:00.920 too are responsible for something called nausea, and one of 0:16:00.960 --> 0:16:05.560 the hallmarks of a peyote trip is you um very 0:16:05.560 --> 0:16:10.040 typically feel nauseous and vomit for a couple of hours 0:16:10.080 --> 0:16:14.160 sometimes leading up to the trip, and it's really slow 0:16:14.320 --> 0:16:18.440 to cross the blood brain barrier, so it takes hours 0:16:18.480 --> 0:16:22.960 to to come on. Yeah, but it also has a 0:16:23.000 --> 0:16:26.360 real slow burn, a long burn to it, So compared 0:16:26.400 --> 0:16:29.000 to other trips, it's actually a very long lasting trip, 0:16:29.080 --> 0:16:33.360 sometimes twelve hours as opposed to say six eight hours 0:16:33.360 --> 0:16:37.000 for LSD or mushrooms or something. Twelve hours is the 0:16:37.040 --> 0:16:39.920 trip you're going to be on on Payote. It's also 0:16:40.000 --> 0:16:44.360 like really well known for being extremely visual and having 0:16:44.680 --> 0:16:48.480 some interesting like body feelings to it too. Yeah, Like 0:16:48.920 --> 0:16:51.920 you can feel nauseous, you can feel euphoric. You can 0:16:51.920 --> 0:16:54.800 feel euphoric and nauseous, but you're gonna feel it in 0:16:54.840 --> 0:16:56.880 your body as well as have a lot of like 0:16:56.920 --> 0:16:59.920 really trippy visuals. I think didn't they take peyote in 0:17:00.080 --> 0:17:03.080 Doors movie? Yeah? And that's a really good he vomited 0:17:03.120 --> 0:17:05.720 I think? Right for megrind did That's where the whole 0:17:05.760 --> 0:17:08.160 lizard king thing came from? Because I think they took 0:17:08.200 --> 0:17:11.480 peyote in the desert. But it's also related to peyote 0:17:11.480 --> 0:17:14.400 in a different way too, isn't it the Doors? Right? 0:17:14.600 --> 0:17:18.119 Because Aldus Huxley wrote Doors of Perception. He was a 0:17:18.119 --> 0:17:20.840 big mescaling guy. Whitn't he that that book was about 0:17:20.880 --> 0:17:23.080 his first mescaling trip, right, And that's where the Doors 0:17:23.080 --> 0:17:25.600 got their name. And then Jim Morrison went on to 0:17:25.600 --> 0:17:28.680 write a bunch of bad poetry. Oh man, I thought 0:17:28.680 --> 0:17:31.320 American Prayer was one of the coolest albums of all time. 0:17:31.800 --> 0:17:33.399 I bought his poetry book. I was, you know, I 0:17:33.440 --> 0:17:35.720 was way into the doors for like everyone for a 0:17:35.840 --> 0:17:37.800 brief time in college, and I bought the book and 0:17:37.840 --> 0:17:40.560 ever the poetry books and everything, and did you ever 0:17:40.640 --> 0:17:42.960 listen to the album? Yeah? I thought it was all great. 0:17:43.000 --> 0:17:47.639 Now though it might I'm kind of like, that's not 0:17:47.680 --> 0:17:50.159 a great poetry, although maybe it is. What do I know, 0:17:50.640 --> 0:17:55.080 I'm the poet. You didn't even know it. So um. 0:17:55.480 --> 0:17:59.600 There's one other thing about Algius Huxley too. He coined 0:17:59.600 --> 0:18:03.040 the term psychedelic, really, and he coined it after his 0:18:03.080 --> 0:18:07.160 first mescaline trip. Interesting, so mescalin, not even just peyote, 0:18:07.240 --> 0:18:10.800 Mescalin has given the world m D m A the 0:18:10.880 --> 0:18:13.600 doors in the word psychedelic. I'm gonna have to tell 0:18:13.640 --> 0:18:16.919 Noel that because movie crushed listeners will laugh at this. 0:18:17.440 --> 0:18:22.040 Noel describes about of movies as psychedelic. Oh yeah, I'll 0:18:22.200 --> 0:18:25.720 bet he described Mandy as psychedelic. F Oh totally. I 0:18:25.720 --> 0:18:28.080 mean you could have to you could not describe it 0:18:28.119 --> 0:18:33.160 as psychedelic. Yeah, absolutely. Um, alright, so let's talk about 0:18:33.160 --> 0:18:35.399 the history a bit. They've done some carbon dating. I 0:18:35.440 --> 0:18:38.480 read this one study of these peyote buttons at an 0:18:38.520 --> 0:18:42.679 archaeological dig site that said that use. It suggested that 0:18:42.800 --> 0:18:46.160 use went as far back as fifty b C and 0:18:46.240 --> 0:18:50.160 that those buttons still had mescaline in them. That would work. 0:18:51.320 --> 0:18:55.840 Can you imagine tripping on seventy undred year old Payote buttons? 0:18:56.400 --> 0:19:00.960 I mean, wouldn't that be something that you shouldn't do? Well? 0:19:01.000 --> 0:19:04.080 I wonder if that makes it weaker or if it's 0:19:04.080 --> 0:19:07.440 like a fine wine, if it's like strap in this 0:19:07.440 --> 0:19:10.439 this is seven thousand year old mescaline. Yeah. Can you 0:19:10.480 --> 0:19:13.199 imagine like a bottle of wine from Thomas Jefferson cellar, 0:19:13.880 --> 0:19:17.679 which apparently that stuff is not very good to drink. Uh, 0:19:18.240 --> 0:19:20.760 it's just like a flashy thing that super rich people 0:19:20.760 --> 0:19:23.720 want on their shelf. Yeah. Yeah. So the name though, 0:19:24.520 --> 0:19:27.919 they think is derived from uh can you pronounce that? 0:19:28.200 --> 0:19:32.359 The now? Now, it's all it's a it's the southernmost 0:19:32.359 --> 0:19:35.359 group of the Aztecs. Okay. But the word they use 0:19:35.400 --> 0:19:37.920 it is pay a tool p E y O t 0:19:38.240 --> 0:19:44.120 L payotal, Yeah, payotal, payotal, payotal. That's yeah. I think 0:19:44.160 --> 0:19:46.639 we got there. And they don't know what it means. 0:19:46.680 --> 0:19:49.520 But some people think it might means the word glistening, 0:19:50.080 --> 0:19:52.800 but not everyone is on that train. That's it you 0:19:52.840 --> 0:19:57.000 could easily lose the the meaning of a word for glistening. 0:19:57.840 --> 0:20:01.680 You know, that's that's a high priority. But it's a 0:20:01.720 --> 0:20:05.440 beautiful word. But that first, The first mention of Westerners 0:20:05.480 --> 0:20:09.080 encountering peyote is in this sixteenth century study called the 0:20:09.080 --> 0:20:12.960 Florentine Codex, and there was a Franciscan missionary who wrote 0:20:13.000 --> 0:20:21.119 it named Bernardino de Sagan Sahagun. And he wrote, and 0:20:21.119 --> 0:20:23.560 this is in the late fifteen hundreds, on him who 0:20:23.600 --> 0:20:27.520 eats it or drinks it, it takes effect like mushrooms. 0:20:27.960 --> 0:20:32.040 Also also he sees many things which frightened one or 0:20:32.119 --> 0:20:36.040 make one laugh. There you have it pretty straightforward stuff 0:20:36.320 --> 0:20:38.520 for sure, but it definitely goes to show like, yeah, 0:20:38.560 --> 0:20:40.640 people have been eating mushrooms in Europe for a very 0:20:40.680 --> 0:20:45.600 long time. UM. So over time, from like the sixteenth 0:20:45.600 --> 0:20:48.879 century onward in North America, UM, people would come in 0:20:48.920 --> 0:20:51.479 contact with tribes that had like peyote rituals, and they 0:20:51.480 --> 0:20:54.200 would try peyote themselves and they'd be like, this is crazy, 0:20:54.280 --> 0:20:56.840 but this is great, or I puked my brains out, 0:20:56.880 --> 0:20:59.600 this is awful. Um. It's all these stories kind of 0:20:59.640 --> 0:21:05.160 started to come out. UM. And then over time peyote 0:21:05.240 --> 0:21:09.080 used really diminished. It used to be very widespread, not 0:21:09.320 --> 0:21:12.360 just where it grew, but even beyond its range. Like Um, 0:21:12.560 --> 0:21:16.399 indigenous tribes in the area used to trade, so it 0:21:16.720 --> 0:21:21.400 people who took peyote ritually. UM even after Colombian contact, 0:21:22.160 --> 0:21:25.560 was pretty extensive. But then once like the missionaries took 0:21:25.600 --> 0:21:29.840 hold and European governments took hold UM, that really got 0:21:29.880 --> 0:21:32.680 outlawed to where it was basically boiled down to one 0:21:32.760 --> 0:21:37.439 tribe called the Hui Chall. Actually, look that one up, 0:21:37.520 --> 0:21:41.560 is it we It's hoy but the the c h 0:21:41.640 --> 0:21:44.159 O L is the um the one he emphasized, So 0:21:44.200 --> 0:21:48.800 it's Hochal, beautiful Charles, that's even better than Peyotal, at 0:21:48.880 --> 0:21:51.960 least that's what the YouTube told me. The YouTube Emma 0:21:52.040 --> 0:21:55.640 saying the one with the spiral, is that one accurate? 0:21:55.960 --> 0:22:01.159 I'm pretty sure they're They're mostly accurate. Hoch Yeah, Okay, 0:22:01.200 --> 0:22:03.760 So the ho ch All are very well known for 0:22:03.920 --> 0:22:07.840 being the tribe most associated with payote ritual use these days, 0:22:08.160 --> 0:22:12.399 but they're also very much opposed to UM western encroachment, 0:22:13.119 --> 0:22:16.439 sometimes violently so. But I think those two are very 0:22:16.520 --> 0:22:19.320 much interconnected. Yeah, I thought it was really interesting. I 0:22:19.359 --> 0:22:22.520 didn't know that. I mean, um, instead of getting rid 0:22:22.520 --> 0:22:24.240 of all the things that we did and just swapping 0:22:24.240 --> 0:22:26.600 it out for Christianity like they were being told to do, 0:22:27.359 --> 0:22:30.040 they would just say, hey, man, I'll incorporate some of 0:22:30.080 --> 0:22:33.800 your Christian ideas into our payote ceremonies. Yeah, and not 0:22:33.960 --> 0:22:36.560 just them, but the Native American Church, which will talk 0:22:36.560 --> 0:22:41.000 about later, they did basically the same thing. That's right. So, um, 0:22:41.040 --> 0:22:44.600 you've got us uh a lot of payote use that 0:22:44.680 --> 0:22:49.359 kind of went down to um one tribe and in 0:22:49.400 --> 0:22:55.000 a weird way, it rebounded. No, it went, it shrank, 0:22:55.320 --> 0:22:59.080 and then it contracted eventually even larger than before to 0:22:59.160 --> 0:23:02.080 where it is today. Yeah, Peyota used today is far 0:23:02.160 --> 0:23:06.440 more widespread than it was a thousand years ago, isn't 0:23:06.480 --> 0:23:10.719 that interesting? Well, part of it because of you know, 0:23:11.520 --> 0:23:15.240 American tourists, that's definitely part of it. And American tourists 0:23:15.280 --> 0:23:18.400 were turned onto peyote by a guy who was a 0:23:18.560 --> 0:23:21.360 U c. L A anthropology student back in the sixties 0:23:21.400 --> 0:23:24.360 named Carlos Castaneda. That guy. Did you ever read any 0:23:24.320 --> 0:23:27.000 of casts and news books? No? But he has been 0:23:27.040 --> 0:23:30.160 sort of exposed as a fraud and a con man 0:23:30.640 --> 0:23:33.200 in most academic circles, they will they will call him 0:23:33.240 --> 0:23:36.480 that right in academic circles, right now, if you step 0:23:36.520 --> 0:23:39.960 over a few rings to the new age circle. The 0:23:40.000 --> 0:23:43.120 guy is a legend. And he wrote these books, um, 0:23:43.160 --> 0:23:47.919 that were supposedly ethnographic studies about Don Juan Mattis. And 0:23:47.920 --> 0:23:50.600 this is where Portuguese wine comes in, Chuck, did you 0:23:50.640 --> 0:23:53.399 read this any, Carlos Castana, Yeah, okay, yeah, back in 0:23:53.400 --> 0:23:55.879