1 00:00:08,640 --> 00:00:11,640 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Lauren Vogelbon and 2 00:00:11,760 --> 00:00:15,240 Speaker 1: I'm Annie Reese, and we're talking about something fun today, 3 00:00:15,520 --> 00:00:20,360 Speaker 1: we are that involves very few human atrocities. Yes, all 4 00:00:20,520 --> 00:00:24,400 Speaker 1: human social atrocities. Maybe we're talking about toasting traditions and 5 00:00:24,480 --> 00:00:30,120 Speaker 1: not bread. No, not toast traditions, although now we very 6 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:32,360 Speaker 1: much want to do an episode on that. We do 7 00:00:32,479 --> 00:00:35,280 Speaker 1: and we will. Oh yeah, this and this one is 8 00:00:35,320 --> 00:00:37,800 Speaker 1: one we wanted to do very early on, but since 9 00:00:37,840 --> 00:00:40,680 Speaker 1: we started right out the gate with Champagne, we thought 10 00:00:40,720 --> 00:00:43,200 Speaker 1: we'd give it some time, give it some space. Yeah. 11 00:00:43,640 --> 00:00:46,839 Speaker 1: It's currently running up on the holiday season though, a 12 00:00:46,920 --> 00:00:52,200 Speaker 1: time for even more extra toasts than normal. Exactly, and um, 13 00:00:52,280 --> 00:00:56,120 Speaker 1: we should say, right off the top, toast responsibly, yeah, 14 00:00:56,360 --> 00:01:00,160 Speaker 1: unlike most other humans have done, I know throughout history. 15 00:01:00,320 --> 00:01:05,600 Speaker 1: I know, and also drink responsibly to yes. So a 16 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:09,440 Speaker 1: source for anyone who's interested in reading more about this, 17 00:01:10,120 --> 00:01:15,120 Speaker 1: Paul Dixon wrote the book Toast Over of the Best 18 00:01:15,160 --> 00:01:19,760 Speaker 1: Toast Sentiments, Blessing and Graces. So if you're looking for 19 00:01:19,760 --> 00:01:22,640 Speaker 1: something to read over the holidays, and you know you 20 00:01:22,640 --> 00:01:27,800 Speaker 1: don't get enough of toast history or food history, that's 21 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:31,440 Speaker 1: a that's a good one. Yeah, it's really delightful. So toasts, 22 00:01:32,480 --> 00:01:36,360 Speaker 1: what are they? Well, it's when a group of assembled 23 00:01:36,400 --> 00:01:39,600 Speaker 1: people raise their drinking glasses and one or more of 24 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:43,319 Speaker 1: them says a few or more words to honor whatever 25 00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:46,679 Speaker 1: needs to be honored. Toasts can be straightforward or flowery, 26 00:01:46,840 --> 00:01:50,520 Speaker 1: or funny or even sarcastic. And in case you were wondering, 27 00:01:51,120 --> 00:01:54,120 Speaker 1: the largest recorded toast at a single venue, according to 28 00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:58,320 Speaker 1: the Guinness Book of Records, happened in in Boston. Apparently 29 00:01:59,760 --> 00:02:03,280 Speaker 1: nine hundred and four participants raised a cup to celebrate 30 00:02:03,360 --> 00:02:08,280 Speaker 1: the one anniversary of Fenway Park. Wow. That is a 31 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:11,680 Speaker 1: pretty big crowd of people toasting, but it is hugely 32 00:02:11,800 --> 00:02:16,880 Speaker 1: dwarfed by the desperate but time coordinated venues record, which 33 00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:23,360 Speaker 1: is at least four hundred and eighty five thousand participants. Wolf. Yeah, wow, 34 00:02:24,919 --> 00:02:28,239 Speaker 1: well yeah, we have to have the weird food record. 35 00:02:28,960 --> 00:02:32,280 Speaker 1: It just wouldn't be an episode. Yes, So let's let's 36 00:02:32,320 --> 00:02:35,680 Speaker 1: look at some history and spoiler alert the story you've 37 00:02:35,680 --> 00:02:38,400 Speaker 1: probably heard about toasting starting out as a way to 38 00:02:38,560 --> 00:02:41,360 Speaker 1: check for poison by putting some force behind the clinking 39 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:45,120 Speaker 1: of glasses and thus spilling liquid into your possible murderers 40 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:50,640 Speaker 1: drink is not true, probably, or there's no evidence to 41 00:02:50,720 --> 00:02:53,720 Speaker 1: back it up. I mean especially you know, like like 42 00:02:53,760 --> 00:02:55,840 Speaker 1: think about the physics of it, Like you have to 43 00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:57,639 Speaker 1: have your cup like filled to the brim and you'd 44 00:02:57,639 --> 00:03:00,480 Speaker 1: have to like really clink them and a lot of 45 00:03:00,520 --> 00:03:03,640 Speaker 1: materials could break, or you might spill most of your drink. 46 00:03:03,840 --> 00:03:07,080 Speaker 1: I don't know. Yeah, And people in the know say 47 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:10,240 Speaker 1: that maybe maybe it was more like a trust thing. 48 00:03:10,639 --> 00:03:12,560 Speaker 1: You were showing that you trusted the people in the party. 49 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:17,040 Speaker 1: It was more like a yeah, not a literal yeah exactly. 50 00:03:17,360 --> 00:03:21,760 Speaker 1: But basically, since the dawn of humans drinking alcohol and 51 00:03:21,919 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: perhaps too much of it, we've been toasting. The ancient Persians, Hebrews, Huns, Saxon's, 52 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:31,920 Speaker 1: and Egyptians had toasting traditions, but historians think the ancient 53 00:03:32,040 --> 00:03:34,680 Speaker 1: Greek practice of pouring out some of your drink to 54 00:03:34,880 --> 00:03:38,400 Speaker 1: honor the gods, called libation, was where the whole toasting 55 00:03:38,440 --> 00:03:42,800 Speaker 1: thing got started, and historical records provide a lot of 56 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:46,680 Speaker 1: early mentions of toasting. Roundabout two thousand, five hundred years ago. 57 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:50,280 Speaker 1: Toasting appeared in the Odyssey with Ulysses raising a glass 58 00:03:50,320 --> 00:03:54,320 Speaker 1: to the health of Achilles. The ancient Greeks who regarded 59 00:03:54,320 --> 00:03:57,400 Speaker 1: people who chose to drink water over wine with suspicion. 60 00:03:58,080 --> 00:04:02,560 Speaker 1: Used to celebrate the Greek symposia with big central wine 61 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:07,160 Speaker 1: filled urns called creators. You take your cup, fill it 62 00:04:07,200 --> 00:04:10,720 Speaker 1: with wine, drink and repeat. In the fourth century BC, 63 00:04:11,080 --> 00:04:15,200 Speaker 1: Greek poet Ubulus wrote of this practice, calling those that 64 00:04:15,240 --> 00:04:17,880 Speaker 1: went home after three creators of wine the wise ones. 65 00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:21,599 Speaker 1: According to him, by the fifth there was shouting, and 66 00:04:21,640 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 1: by the six quote prancing about, and the seventh black eyes. 67 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:29,760 Speaker 1: The eight brings the police, the ninth vomiting, and the 68 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:36,480 Speaker 1: tenth insanity and hurling the furniture. So that's a pretty 69 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:39,080 Speaker 1: good breakdown. Actually, yeah, that should be like a chart. 70 00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:44,159 Speaker 1: A Symposia were the part of a party after the dinner, 71 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:47,680 Speaker 1: where folks would talk and drink and philosophize and might 72 00:04:47,720 --> 00:04:51,279 Speaker 1: have some kind of entertainment you know, poetry, dancing, games, music. Uh. 73 00:04:51,400 --> 00:04:54,160 Speaker 1: These were, by the way, parties wore dudes only until 74 00:04:54,160 --> 00:04:57,320 Speaker 1: about five C. Four reasons which I do not have 75 00:04:57,360 --> 00:04:59,440 Speaker 1: the strength to listen today, but can be summed up 76 00:04:59,440 --> 00:05:04,040 Speaker 1: by deep and ignorant misogyny. There was a tradition where 77 00:05:04,040 --> 00:05:07,719 Speaker 1: the host or master of the event, the symposiarch, would 78 00:05:07,800 --> 00:05:10,479 Speaker 1: make sure everyone had a cup, then would drink to 79 00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,760 Speaker 1: the health of every guest present, and then each guest 80 00:05:13,920 --> 00:05:16,839 Speaker 1: would toast to the host and all of the other guests. 81 00:05:17,400 --> 00:05:21,000 Speaker 1: This apparently got real ridiculous, really fast, and some partiers 82 00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:23,920 Speaker 1: would give up and thus a forfeit in the form 83 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:26,719 Speaker 1: of a dare like a dance naked, recite a poem, 84 00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:31,960 Speaker 1: walk on his hands, stuff like that. Mm hmmm. In 85 00:05:32,200 --> 00:05:35,880 Speaker 1: the first century v C. The Roman Senate passed a 86 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:39,760 Speaker 1: law requiring a toast to Emperor Augustus's health at every meal, 87 00:05:40,440 --> 00:05:44,640 Speaker 1: which Romans might have and probably did, take toasting and 88 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:47,800 Speaker 1: turn it into a sneaky drinking game, at least, if 89 00:05:47,839 --> 00:05:51,239 Speaker 1: the first century Roman poet Marshall is to be believed 90 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:55,200 Speaker 1: um one of his poems detailed a challenge that required 91 00:05:55,200 --> 00:05:58,359 Speaker 1: a party's attendees to drink a number of glasses of 92 00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:02,279 Speaker 1: wine equal to the length of their mistress's name, and 93 00:06:02,480 --> 00:06:07,440 Speaker 1: names back then could be quite long. For each course 94 00:06:07,480 --> 00:06:10,400 Speaker 1: of a meal, the Huns had three rounds of toast. 95 00:06:11,200 --> 00:06:13,760 Speaker 1: Also worth noting that most of these early toasts required 96 00:06:13,839 --> 00:06:16,599 Speaker 1: chugging the whole of whatever it was you were drinking. 97 00:06:18,080 --> 00:06:21,760 Speaker 1: The first recorded toast in England as described in Geoffrey 98 00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:24,839 Speaker 1: of Moms twelfth century, where history of the Kings of 99 00:06:24,839 --> 00:06:30,400 Speaker 1: Britain purportedly occurred in four when hind Just, the leader 100 00:06:30,440 --> 00:06:33,000 Speaker 1: of the Saxon allies to the British, threw a party 101 00:06:33,080 --> 00:06:37,640 Speaker 1: in British King Vordagern's honor, and hind just daughter Rowena 102 00:06:37,760 --> 00:06:39,840 Speaker 1: called for the king's good health after bringing him a 103 00:06:39,839 --> 00:06:42,960 Speaker 1: goblet of wine from which they both drink, and then 104 00:06:43,320 --> 00:06:46,080 Speaker 1: the king asked Roreena to marry him, because alcohol induced 105 00:06:46,080 --> 00:06:50,520 Speaker 1: proposals of marriage are always a good idea, Yes to 106 00:06:50,800 --> 00:06:57,080 Speaker 1: your wedding. Good health back then was said wass hail, 107 00:06:57,560 --> 00:07:01,080 Speaker 1: which is where the name for the holiday was sale originates, 108 00:07:01,800 --> 00:07:04,400 Speaker 1: you know, like the Christmas song. Yeah, uh huh. I 109 00:07:04,400 --> 00:07:07,360 Speaker 1: didn't know what was a drink until um listener Rachel 110 00:07:07,480 --> 00:07:11,040 Speaker 1: wrote us about it. We have very different cookbooks. We 111 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:15,040 Speaker 1: we really must. According to her, people would take this 112 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:17,160 Speaker 1: bowl of a sale, which was sort of a cider 113 00:07:17,280 --> 00:07:21,800 Speaker 1: fruit punch holiday spice hybrid used to celebrate Christmas and 114 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:24,080 Speaker 1: New Year's and go door to door offering some songs 115 00:07:24,360 --> 00:07:26,880 Speaker 1: and SIPs out of the bowl and return for some gifts. 116 00:07:27,240 --> 00:07:28,840 Speaker 1: I think I would be annoyed if this happened to me. 117 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:31,800 Speaker 1: But you know, now we've ditched a sail bowl and 118 00:07:31,840 --> 00:07:34,400 Speaker 1: we just go caroling. Or maybe we ditched that too, 119 00:07:34,440 --> 00:07:37,080 Speaker 1: because I've never seen it. I've been in real life. 120 00:07:38,040 --> 00:07:40,640 Speaker 1: I don't know if you have right in and thank 121 00:07:40,680 --> 00:07:45,920 Speaker 1: you Rachel for that insightful Yeah, I'm not sure. I 122 00:07:45,920 --> 00:07:47,640 Speaker 1: would have to trust my neighbors a lot. If I 123 00:07:47,680 --> 00:07:51,120 Speaker 1: were going to drink something that they brought with them 124 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:53,640 Speaker 1: while they were caroling, I would just be mad. I 125 00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:56,040 Speaker 1: guess at the time you would expect it, and so 126 00:07:56,080 --> 00:08:01,000 Speaker 1: you'd have a gift to give up singing and offering 127 00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:03,880 Speaker 1: me You're like, here's this rubber spider that's been sitting 128 00:08:03,920 --> 00:08:08,640 Speaker 1: on my doorstep. I don't know why. Congratulations, you're welcome, goodbye. 129 00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:13,760 Speaker 1: And the wassail bowl itself maybe a reimagining of another 130 00:08:13,880 --> 00:08:17,880 Speaker 1: ritual that involved partakers sipping out of a large, heavy, 131 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:21,320 Speaker 1: two handed vessel called a loving cup, and they would 132 00:08:21,320 --> 00:08:23,880 Speaker 1: approach this cup in groups of threes want to pass 133 00:08:23,880 --> 00:08:27,000 Speaker 1: the cup, want to drink, and one to protect the drinker, 134 00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: and then they pass it on to the next group 135 00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:32,240 Speaker 1: of three. Once the loving cup was traded out for 136 00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:37,320 Speaker 1: individual cups, people missed that feeling of camaraderie, so they'd 137 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:40,120 Speaker 1: bring their cups together for a moment to recapture that 138 00:08:40,360 --> 00:08:44,880 Speaker 1: loving cup feeling. Oh my goodness yea. Allegedly this practice 139 00:08:45,160 --> 00:08:49,800 Speaker 1: stemmed from tenth century CE, with King Edward the second 140 00:08:49,800 --> 00:08:52,480 Speaker 1: s death by stabbing at hands of his stepmother while 141 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:55,400 Speaker 1: he was enjoying a glass of meat. Yeah, there's a 142 00:08:55,440 --> 00:08:59,280 Speaker 1: lot of fun, fun stories in this one. Some historians 143 00:08:59,320 --> 00:09:02,439 Speaker 1: say the clink, which wasn't really a thing until Christianity 144 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:06,800 Speaker 1: got its start, is a leftover from this loving coup tribute, 145 00:09:07,120 --> 00:09:09,600 Speaker 1: a physical way to be a part and connected to 146 00:09:09,760 --> 00:09:13,160 Speaker 1: the toast. Others say it was that whole checking for 147 00:09:13,200 --> 00:09:16,080 Speaker 1: poison thing, and yet others say it was a practice 148 00:09:16,240 --> 00:09:18,959 Speaker 1: similar to the tolling of a church bell to ward 149 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:22,319 Speaker 1: off bad spirits, including the devil himself. M m m, 150 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:26,080 Speaker 1: but maybe not. It may have come relatively simply from 151 00:09:26,120 --> 00:09:29,200 Speaker 1: a physical way to put the contents of your then 152 00:09:29,280 --> 00:09:33,000 Speaker 1: opaque cup in front of everyone else. Drinking glasses and 153 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,439 Speaker 1: crystal were out of the reach of most people until 154 00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:38,080 Speaker 1: the beginning of the twentieth century, so by offering your 155 00:09:38,120 --> 00:09:41,480 Speaker 1: glass outward in a toast, you were symbolically sharing your 156 00:09:41,520 --> 00:09:44,920 Speaker 1: cup and also showing everyone what you were drinking, and 157 00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:48,680 Speaker 1: also letting the host know who needed refills. The clinking 158 00:09:48,720 --> 00:09:52,840 Speaker 1: might have begun accidentally from this yes or Another theory 159 00:09:52,960 --> 00:09:56,640 Speaker 1: is that it gives the drinker maximum toast satisfaction because 160 00:09:56,679 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: it satisfies all five senses. Yeah. The word toast itself 161 00:10:02,120 --> 00:10:06,440 Speaker 1: comes from a once common practice of adding spiced toast 162 00:10:06,640 --> 00:10:09,520 Speaker 1: or a crouton to a drink in hopes of improving 163 00:10:09,520 --> 00:10:12,800 Speaker 1: the taste of the drink, usually wine, by cutting the 164 00:10:12,840 --> 00:10:16,720 Speaker 1: acidity and bonus points. That usually improved the bread as well, 165 00:10:16,760 --> 00:10:20,800 Speaker 1: which is probably stale, and Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor, 166 00:10:20,920 --> 00:10:24,720 Speaker 1: which was most likely penned in the character false Stuff, 167 00:10:24,760 --> 00:10:28,120 Speaker 1: says go fetch me a quote of suck put a 168 00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:32,079 Speaker 1: toast into which in non Shakespeare means get me a 169 00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:34,000 Speaker 1: whole bunch of wine and put some bread in there. 170 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:37,720 Speaker 1: It took until the eighteenth century for toast to refer 171 00:10:37,800 --> 00:10:40,640 Speaker 1: to the person you were drinking to the toast of 172 00:10:40,679 --> 00:10:44,199 Speaker 1: the town, as opposed to the actual toast in your drink, 173 00:10:44,800 --> 00:10:47,640 Speaker 1: which was at this time traditionally given to the person 174 00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:51,320 Speaker 1: being honored. Oh, thank you for the soggy bread. Yeah, 175 00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:54,800 Speaker 1: it's like I mean share. You know. The whole concept 176 00:10:54,840 --> 00:10:57,319 Speaker 1: here is that the person that you're honoring adds flavor 177 00:10:57,400 --> 00:10:59,720 Speaker 1: to the event the way that the toast adds flavor 178 00:10:59,760 --> 00:11:03,199 Speaker 1: to the line. The word may have originally been applied 179 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:06,400 Speaker 1: only to women. There is a slightly body and possibly 180 00:11:06,440 --> 00:11:09,360 Speaker 1: fictional account of how toast came to be applied to 181 00:11:09,400 --> 00:11:13,120 Speaker 1: people written by one Sir Richard Steele in seventeen o nine, 182 00:11:13,120 --> 00:11:17,440 Speaker 1: in a publication called The Tattler. He said that, uh, this, 183 00:11:17,440 --> 00:11:20,079 Speaker 1: this one time, a well admired lady was hanging out 184 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:23,680 Speaker 1: around the cross Bath, which is a historic natural hot 185 00:11:23,720 --> 00:11:26,320 Speaker 1: spring bathhouse which you can still visit today. One of 186 00:11:26,320 --> 00:11:28,719 Speaker 1: the gentlemen there scooped up a glass of water from 187 00:11:28,720 --> 00:11:31,200 Speaker 1: the pool and offered a toast to her health to 188 00:11:31,240 --> 00:11:34,640 Speaker 1: the company at large, upon which a slightly more drunken 189 00:11:34,679 --> 00:11:37,800 Speaker 1: gentleman said that though he liked not the liquor, he 190 00:11:37,840 --> 00:11:44,200 Speaker 1: would have the toast. M hmm. It's funny because when 191 00:11:44,240 --> 00:11:46,599 Speaker 1: I was reading about this, it was presented in a 192 00:11:46,679 --> 00:11:49,480 Speaker 1: much more wholesome way. And in the article that I read, 193 00:11:49,520 --> 00:11:52,280 Speaker 1: he tasted with water, which I've always heard is that luck. 194 00:11:52,520 --> 00:11:54,599 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, it was. It was definitely water. It was 195 00:11:54,640 --> 00:11:56,679 Speaker 1: like it was like a scoop of water from the 196 00:11:56,880 --> 00:12:00,760 Speaker 1: from the pond, from hot spring. So it was still okay. 197 00:12:00,880 --> 00:12:03,960 Speaker 1: I think that though he liked not the liquor through 198 00:12:04,000 --> 00:12:06,640 Speaker 1: me for a second. Yeah, no liquor meaning okay? That 199 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:11,760 Speaker 1: all right? Oh, historical words and changing of things, um 200 00:12:11,800 --> 00:12:14,280 Speaker 1: and more on toasting superstitions in a set, because there's 201 00:12:14,520 --> 00:12:16,880 Speaker 1: a lot of them. Oh yeah, and it cheers on 202 00:12:16,880 --> 00:12:19,920 Speaker 1: the other hand, came from an old French word meaning 203 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:23,160 Speaker 1: face that by the end of the eighteenth century described 204 00:12:23,200 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 1: a happy mood as observed on the face and was 205 00:12:26,360 --> 00:12:28,800 Speaker 1: used as encouragement, our support. So it kind of makes 206 00:12:28,800 --> 00:12:31,960 Speaker 1: sense that it came to be I think you said, yeah, 207 00:12:31,960 --> 00:12:35,720 Speaker 1: that toast. Okay. So that's some of the early history 208 00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:39,880 Speaker 1: and theories about toasting. Now let's talk about some chaos 209 00:12:40,320 --> 00:12:45,400 Speaker 1: and controversy. Controversy, yes that toasting caused. But first a 210 00:12:45,480 --> 00:12:58,480 Speaker 1: quick break for a word from our sponsor, and we're back, 211 00:12:58,600 --> 00:13:01,960 Speaker 1: Thank you sponsor. So you know what else has been 212 00:13:02,040 --> 00:13:06,079 Speaker 1: around since the dawn of humans? Drinking alcohol? What regret 213 00:13:07,400 --> 00:13:11,120 Speaker 1: wild nights that devolve into total chaos the time on 214 00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:14,559 Speaker 1: a tradition of drinking too much, promising yourself you'll never 215 00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:16,960 Speaker 1: do it again, of course, and forgetting that promise at 216 00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:20,800 Speaker 1: the first opportunity. Getting incredibly drunk used to be the goal, 217 00:13:21,400 --> 00:13:26,040 Speaker 1: not a by product, and toasting was often made competitive 218 00:13:26,400 --> 00:13:31,000 Speaker 1: as an excuse to drink more without looking necessarily like 219 00:13:31,040 --> 00:13:35,880 Speaker 1: an alcoholic. To that end, over the centuries, we entered 220 00:13:35,960 --> 00:13:38,720 Speaker 1: something of a toasting arms race, if you will, and 221 00:13:38,960 --> 00:13:44,840 Speaker 1: things sort of got out of hand. For example, medieval 222 00:13:44,880 --> 00:13:48,760 Speaker 1: Anglo sacks and throwdowns often use these cups with around 223 00:13:48,760 --> 00:13:52,720 Speaker 1: bottom that prevented party goers from setting them anywhere until 224 00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:56,040 Speaker 1: they were empty, and then they would be placed upside 225 00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:58,520 Speaker 1: down on a table. Because of this, these cups were 226 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:02,160 Speaker 1: called tumblers, which is funny considering now tumblers are these 227 00:14:02,160 --> 00:14:06,440 Speaker 1: square bottomed, untippable basically supposed to be yeah, well, yeah, 228 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:09,520 Speaker 1: you know, if you're just then yeah, before you is 229 00:14:09,640 --> 00:14:13,080 Speaker 1: King George the Fourth, the Prince regent, had the stems 230 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:16,559 Speaker 1: of wine glasses removed so that guests would down all 231 00:14:16,559 --> 00:14:20,560 Speaker 1: of their drink at his eighteen centuries shin digs, which 232 00:14:20,600 --> 00:14:23,920 Speaker 1: too is funny considering now you can get stemless wine 233 00:14:23,920 --> 00:14:28,520 Speaker 1: glasses that are perfectly stable, or actually prefer them. Oh goodness, 234 00:14:28,600 --> 00:14:32,520 Speaker 1: oh my gosh, Oh, and he also loved this game 235 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:35,680 Speaker 1: wherein two fellows at a time would toast to a 236 00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:39,280 Speaker 1: woman's beauty with these huge glasses of wine called bumpers, 237 00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:43,320 Speaker 1: until one of them passed out. What how romantic? I 238 00:14:43,360 --> 00:14:45,720 Speaker 1: wonder if this is where some of that macho like 239 00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:49,480 Speaker 1: real man can hold their like her comes from. I 240 00:14:49,480 --> 00:14:53,080 Speaker 1: don't know, future episode. Eventually, party guests went from toasting 241 00:14:53,080 --> 00:14:57,600 Speaker 1: the king to toasting every single guest attending a party 242 00:14:57,720 --> 00:15:00,720 Speaker 1: or an event, to the guests that were aren't attending 243 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:04,240 Speaker 1: because they were dead or otherwise occupied. You spent the 244 00:15:04,520 --> 00:15:08,760 Speaker 1: entire time caught him the cycle of toasting and drinking. 245 00:15:09,320 --> 00:15:11,720 Speaker 1: The British Navy exemplified this with a checklist of toast 246 00:15:11,760 --> 00:15:14,160 Speaker 1: to be performed daily for the king's health, then to 247 00:15:14,320 --> 00:15:16,960 Speaker 1: the men, then to the ships, then to your enemies, 248 00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:21,600 Speaker 1: than to your wife, sweethearts, mistresses, and speaking of toasting 249 00:15:21,640 --> 00:15:23,600 Speaker 1: at all tied up with these drinking games, and a 250 00:15:23,600 --> 00:15:26,840 Speaker 1: lot of them had to do with winning a lady's affections. 251 00:15:27,440 --> 00:15:29,920 Speaker 1: To prove his seriousness to his woman of choice, a 252 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:32,880 Speaker 1: man would cut himself, used the blood as a mixer 253 00:15:32,960 --> 00:15:37,760 Speaker 1: for his drink, and then toast to the lucky lady Lucky. 254 00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:41,320 Speaker 1: Shakespeare again that mentioned to this in the Merchant of Venice. 255 00:15:41,960 --> 00:15:44,320 Speaker 1: I stabbed my arm to drink her health. The more 256 00:15:44,400 --> 00:15:48,120 Speaker 1: full eye, the more full eye. Another toast to impress 257 00:15:48,160 --> 00:15:50,280 Speaker 1: the lady is called for drinking out of her shoe. 258 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:54,120 Speaker 1: And I've I've seen like sports versions of this, for 259 00:15:54,280 --> 00:15:57,800 Speaker 1: rugby with a boot or during october Fest, but not 260 00:15:57,880 --> 00:16:01,000 Speaker 1: as like a pickup toast. I think that there's also 261 00:16:01,040 --> 00:16:05,520 Speaker 1: a wedding tradition, maybe from Hungary involving that. I didn't 262 00:16:05,520 --> 00:16:09,400 Speaker 1: write it down, but a future like like wedding tradition, Oh, 263 00:16:09,880 --> 00:16:13,040 Speaker 1: a very interesting one. The toasting arms race led to 264 00:16:13,080 --> 00:16:17,240 Speaker 1: two main things, apart from drunkenness, the anti toast movement 265 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:22,400 Speaker 1: and the toastmaster toastmaster toastmaster, which story of toast very 266 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:25,920 Speaker 1: much created a cartoon character. Yes, he's a piece of 267 00:16:25,960 --> 00:16:32,680 Speaker 1: toast obviously. First, the anti toast movement. This was spearheaded 268 00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:35,640 Speaker 1: by what many considered to be the first temperance group, 269 00:16:35,840 --> 00:16:40,320 Speaker 1: Order of Temperance, founded in Germany in fifteen seventeen. Vanquishing 270 00:16:40,360 --> 00:16:45,040 Speaker 1: the toast was one of their primary goals. Englishman and 271 00:16:45,200 --> 00:16:49,920 Speaker 1: lawyer William Prynne wrote a book called Health sickness dedicated 272 00:16:49,920 --> 00:16:53,840 Speaker 1: to the evils of toasting. The whole thing in it 273 00:16:53,920 --> 00:16:57,480 Speaker 1: included lines like this one. This drinking and coughing of 274 00:16:57,520 --> 00:17:00,840 Speaker 1: health had its origin and birth from paig in heathens 275 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:07,119 Speaker 1: and infidels, Ye, even from the devil himself. Yeah. During toast, 276 00:17:07,200 --> 00:17:10,320 Speaker 1: he refused to raise a glass even for the king, 277 00:17:10,920 --> 00:17:14,000 Speaker 1: opting instead to sit on his hat and cast judging 278 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:17,080 Speaker 1: eyes on people who did it. I can tell he 279 00:17:17,160 --> 00:17:20,040 Speaker 1: was the best st at parties. He's so fun to 280 00:17:20,040 --> 00:17:24,359 Speaker 1: be around. In four, Massachusetts, hopped on the bandwagon or 281 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,679 Speaker 1: is it off the bandwagon? Another subtle Siginfeld Chick banning 282 00:17:27,680 --> 00:17:32,159 Speaker 1: what they called the abominable toasting to someone's health. In 283 00:17:32,200 --> 00:17:35,280 Speaker 1: the late sixteen hundreds, in England, toasting could be an 284 00:17:35,280 --> 00:17:39,200 Speaker 1: act of political dissent. After the ousting of the Catholic 285 00:17:39,280 --> 00:17:41,800 Speaker 1: king James the Second and the rise of the Protestant 286 00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:45,000 Speaker 1: monarchy under William and Mary, a group of dissenters called 287 00:17:45,080 --> 00:17:49,040 Speaker 1: the Jacobites found ways to quietly communicate their support of 288 00:17:49,080 --> 00:17:53,119 Speaker 1: the old regime, despite it being labeled treasonists. Very like 289 00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:56,040 Speaker 1: hail hydra kind of stuff. James the Second had been 290 00:17:56,040 --> 00:17:59,359 Speaker 1: exiled to France and when the Jacobites held up their 291 00:17:59,400 --> 00:18:01,800 Speaker 1: port glass during a toast to the new king that 292 00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:06,320 Speaker 1: position it subtly over their water glass, instead honoring the 293 00:18:06,440 --> 00:18:10,600 Speaker 1: king over the water. Exiled to France over the water. Yeah, 294 00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:13,639 Speaker 1: I gotcha. There's a legend that when this gesture was 295 00:18:13,680 --> 00:18:16,480 Speaker 1: found out, it led to a new tradition of removing 296 00:18:16,520 --> 00:18:19,080 Speaker 1: water glasses from the table before the port was served. 297 00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:26,800 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, toasting intrigue. Mm hmmm. Louis the fourteenth who 298 00:18:26,920 --> 00:18:30,280 Speaker 1: reigned from sixteen forty three to seven fifteen, it's not 299 00:18:30,480 --> 00:18:34,119 Speaker 1: seven fifteen, seventeen fifteen. He didn't allow any toasting in 300 00:18:34,160 --> 00:18:36,000 Speaker 1: his court, And not that it matters really, but I 301 00:18:36,080 --> 00:18:37,960 Speaker 1: wanted to mention that he was monarch in the House 302 00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:44,880 Speaker 1: of Bourbon. Others um were more interested in d drunkifying toasting. 303 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:51,720 Speaker 1: Enter toastmasters. It's it's I'm telling you this character. He 304 00:18:51,800 --> 00:18:54,679 Speaker 1: saves awkward parties and he's also good at making toast 305 00:18:54,840 --> 00:18:57,880 Speaker 1: and toasting. There's a yeah. And he's also made of toast, 306 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:02,000 Speaker 1: Yes he is. It's it's gonna be a thing. As 307 00:19:02,000 --> 00:19:05,040 Speaker 1: a result of unchecked toasting, we got the toastmaster in 308 00:19:05,080 --> 00:19:09,160 Speaker 1: the sevent and eighteenth century, and they essentially were party peacekeepers, 309 00:19:09,200 --> 00:19:12,000 Speaker 1: making sure no one hogged the toasting time by toasting 310 00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:14,560 Speaker 1: each and every guest, that everyone who wanted to go 311 00:19:14,560 --> 00:19:17,200 Speaker 1: got to go. Guide books were published to aid in 312 00:19:17,240 --> 00:19:21,200 Speaker 1: this task, and toastmasters clubs were formed, and some still exist. 313 00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:26,639 Speaker 1: One of these guides, published by J. Roach In, boasted 314 00:19:26,680 --> 00:19:32,600 Speaker 1: perhaps the longest title I've ever seen, m the Royal Toastmaster, 315 00:19:33,680 --> 00:19:36,880 Speaker 1: containing many thousands of the best toast, old and new, 316 00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:39,720 Speaker 1: to give brilliancy to mirth and make the joys of 317 00:19:39,760 --> 00:19:44,000 Speaker 1: the glass supremely agreeable. Also the Siemens Bottle Companion being 318 00:19:44,040 --> 00:19:49,439 Speaker 1: a selection of exquisite modern sea songs. Wow uh it 319 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:55,000 Speaker 1: advocated for reason when quote passion blows the gale. In 320 00:19:55,040 --> 00:19:58,320 Speaker 1: this book, roach said about toasting, a toast or sentiment 321 00:19:58,520 --> 00:20:02,800 Speaker 1: very frequently excites good humor and revives languid conversation. Often 322 00:20:02,840 --> 00:20:05,520 Speaker 1: does it when properly applied, cool the heat of resentment 323 00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:08,720 Speaker 1: and blunt the edge of animosity. A well applied toast 324 00:20:08,760 --> 00:20:12,920 Speaker 1: is acknowledged universally to soothe the flame of acrimony when 325 00:20:13,040 --> 00:20:17,200 Speaker 1: season and reason oft used their efforts to no purpose. 326 00:20:19,200 --> 00:20:23,399 Speaker 1: That makes the toast sound very noble. Yeah, this is 327 00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:28,359 Speaker 1: a job for the toastmaster bom bom boom. Yes, the 328 00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:31,600 Speaker 1: anti toasting groups didn't succeed in banishing toasting, but they, 329 00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:35,399 Speaker 1: along with the toastmasters and books about proper ways to toast, 330 00:20:35,520 --> 00:20:38,520 Speaker 1: lead to a more refined toast when more true to 331 00:20:38,560 --> 00:20:42,240 Speaker 1: its origins, often a single sip and someone's honor instead 332 00:20:42,320 --> 00:20:45,200 Speaker 1: of a game to see who got drunk the fastest 333 00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:48,640 Speaker 1: without being called a lush etiquette called for the recipient 334 00:20:48,680 --> 00:20:51,159 Speaker 1: of a toast to vow with politeness and smile with 335 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:54,720 Speaker 1: an arrow great kindness, and yes, it was usually a woman. 336 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:59,359 Speaker 1: In these early days in America, toasting was tied to 337 00:20:59,359 --> 00:21:04,440 Speaker 1: patriotism because America, thirteen toast, one for each new state, 338 00:21:04,520 --> 00:21:07,720 Speaker 1: was required to make any official dinner or party celebrating 339 00:21:07,760 --> 00:21:11,679 Speaker 1: the end of the Revolutionary War complete. And further cementing 340 00:21:11,760 --> 00:21:17,080 Speaker 1: this America Toasting Patriotism Association was the seventeen seventy musical 341 00:21:17,080 --> 00:21:21,040 Speaker 1: composition published in a London magazine called to an Acreon 342 00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:23,960 Speaker 1: in Heaven, named for the Greek poet whose work often 343 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 1: showcased his love of love and of wine. Soon after, 344 00:21:27,920 --> 00:21:32,000 Speaker 1: a gentleman's club called the Anacreon Society opened their meetings 345 00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:35,080 Speaker 1: with this song and a toast. It was quite the 346 00:21:35,200 --> 00:21:38,160 Speaker 1: hit the song, enough so that a bunch of popular 347 00:21:38,200 --> 00:21:43,720 Speaker 1: songs incorporated the melody, including the star spangled banner, Oh Wow, 348 00:21:44,280 --> 00:21:50,600 Speaker 1: m oh, thank you alcohol, Yes, thank you um. Of course, 349 00:21:51,040 --> 00:21:54,600 Speaker 1: the American temperance movement was not fond of toasting traditions, 350 00:21:54,640 --> 00:21:59,159 Speaker 1: although due to them, a counter toast of sorts developed, temperance. 351 00:21:59,400 --> 00:22:03,840 Speaker 1: I'll drink to that. Drink what liquor and not like 352 00:22:03,920 --> 00:22:12,240 Speaker 1: a liquid. Yeah. From eighteen eighty to nineteen toasting was 353 00:22:12,320 --> 00:22:16,080 Speaker 1: hugely popular in the US. Famous authors wrote toast. One 354 00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:19,960 Speaker 1: magazine had a toast editor. He would gather and judge 355 00:22:20,000 --> 00:22:23,080 Speaker 1: the best toast from around the country in a monthly contest. 356 00:22:23,600 --> 00:22:27,280 Speaker 1: Some historians blame prohibition on the lapse and American toasting 357 00:22:27,320 --> 00:22:31,840 Speaker 1: culture while it was enacted from three although it certainly 358 00:22:31,880 --> 00:22:35,280 Speaker 1: did not stop people from inventing new toasts. Here's one 359 00:22:35,320 --> 00:22:37,959 Speaker 1: from the period. Here's the prohibition. The devil take it. 360 00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:41,520 Speaker 1: They've stolen our wine, So now we make it a 361 00:22:41,560 --> 00:22:43,639 Speaker 1: lot of things rhymed. Back then, it was pretty popular 362 00:22:43,680 --> 00:22:47,600 Speaker 1: to rhyme. Yea. Movies, TV, and books and other pop 363 00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:50,639 Speaker 1: culture helped solidify toasting as a thing you do and 364 00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:53,960 Speaker 1: to this day we do it, but around the world 365 00:22:53,960 --> 00:22:57,240 Speaker 1: we toast in different ways. More on that after a 366 00:22:57,320 --> 00:23:11,000 Speaker 1: brief word from our sponsor, and we're back, Thank you sponsor. 367 00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:15,800 Speaker 1: One of the fun things about toasting is all of 368 00:23:15,880 --> 00:23:18,320 Speaker 1: the unique versions of it that exists around the world. 369 00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:20,920 Speaker 1: So we thought we'd go over a few. Yeah. According 370 00:23:20,960 --> 00:23:24,479 Speaker 1: to our very own website, hows to works traditional Gaelic 371 00:23:24,480 --> 00:23:28,200 Speaker 1: toast because as follows, may the road rise to meet you, 372 00:23:28,240 --> 00:23:30,840 Speaker 1: May the wind be always at your back, May the 373 00:23:30,880 --> 00:23:34,560 Speaker 1: sunshine warm upon your face, the rains falls soft upon 374 00:23:34,640 --> 00:23:37,680 Speaker 1: your fields. And until we meet again, may God hold 375 00:23:37,720 --> 00:23:41,440 Speaker 1: you in the palm of his hand. M My grandparents 376 00:23:41,480 --> 00:23:44,920 Speaker 1: had that on a plaque in their kitch. Yeah. The 377 00:23:45,080 --> 00:23:48,520 Speaker 1: British Royal Navy's daily toasts evolved into a set of 378 00:23:48,520 --> 00:23:50,800 Speaker 1: traditional toasts, one for every day of the week, with 379 00:23:50,840 --> 00:23:53,240 Speaker 1: the understanding that it's not so much that they're definitely 380 00:23:53,320 --> 00:23:55,880 Speaker 1: drinking every day as much as that, you know, celebratory 381 00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,320 Speaker 1: dinners might happen any day of the week, so you 382 00:23:58,359 --> 00:24:00,800 Speaker 1: need you need to have a proper one for that day. 383 00:24:00,880 --> 00:24:05,919 Speaker 1: There's got to be a regiment. Sundays to absent friends, 384 00:24:06,040 --> 00:24:09,040 Speaker 1: Monday to our ships at sea, Tuesday to our sailors well, 385 00:24:09,040 --> 00:24:12,080 Speaker 1: Wednesday to ourselves, as no one else is likely to 386 00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:16,280 Speaker 1: concern themselves with our welfare. Thursday to a bloody war 387 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:20,359 Speaker 1: or sickly season, Friday to a willing foe and see room. 388 00:24:20,680 --> 00:24:24,400 Speaker 1: And Saturday has long been to our wives and sweethearts, 389 00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:28,120 Speaker 1: to which there is a crowd response to our wives 390 00:24:28,119 --> 00:24:35,320 Speaker 1: and sweethearts, may they never meet adultery jokes um as 391 00:24:36,160 --> 00:24:39,520 Speaker 1: the Royal Navy officially changed that toast to our families, 392 00:24:39,560 --> 00:24:45,200 Speaker 1: purportedly to include an honor the service women in their company. Yeah. China, Japan, 393 00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:48,040 Speaker 1: and Korea share a few common ideas about drinking and 394 00:24:48,080 --> 00:24:51,639 Speaker 1: toasting traditions. The most common Japanese and Korean words for 395 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:55,760 Speaker 1: like cheers route from the Chinese, and the traditions tend 396 00:24:55,800 --> 00:24:59,400 Speaker 1: to be based in a status and respect strata. First off, 397 00:24:59,480 --> 00:25:01,520 Speaker 1: in these actually a lot of cultures, it's a rude 398 00:25:01,560 --> 00:25:04,480 Speaker 1: to begin drinking before someone raises a glass for a 399 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:07,920 Speaker 1: first toast. That someone can be you if you're a guest, 400 00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:12,160 Speaker 1: hm anyone can toast. In Japan, the go to word 401 00:25:12,160 --> 00:25:15,600 Speaker 1: for cheers is kempaie, which means dry cup, a k 402 00:25:15,800 --> 00:25:18,880 Speaker 1: a drain that glass it did originate when the drink 403 00:25:18,880 --> 00:25:21,879 Speaker 1: of choice was sake that was consumed from small cups, 404 00:25:22,080 --> 00:25:25,359 Speaker 1: and it's not necessarily literal when you're drinking with large 405 00:25:25,359 --> 00:25:28,240 Speaker 1: glasses of beer. But more on that in a sec 406 00:25:29,200 --> 00:25:33,160 Speaker 1: The Korean word is gone bay, and the Chinese word 407 00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:36,320 Speaker 1: is pretty close to the Korean. It's gun bay. I 408 00:25:36,359 --> 00:25:39,360 Speaker 1: think it's gone by, gone by, Okay, gone by. Check 409 00:25:39,560 --> 00:25:43,080 Speaker 1: toasts in China and Korea can go in rounds with 410 00:25:43,560 --> 00:25:48,560 Speaker 1: everyone offering a cheer's to everyone of higher or equal status. 411 00:25:49,080 --> 00:25:51,560 Speaker 1: If you're offering the toast and thus putting yourself in 412 00:25:51,560 --> 00:25:54,800 Speaker 1: the position of showing respect, it's polite at that point 413 00:25:54,880 --> 00:25:58,639 Speaker 1: to drain your glass. I've heard anecdotes from both China 414 00:25:58,680 --> 00:26:01,600 Speaker 1: and Japan about this turning into like something of a 415 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:04,879 Speaker 1: drinking courage game, where everyone is basically trying to like 416 00:26:04,960 --> 00:26:08,760 Speaker 1: outpolite everyone else and get drunk in the process. Um, 417 00:26:08,840 --> 00:26:11,560 Speaker 1: no matter how big the glasses or strong the drinks. 418 00:26:12,000 --> 00:26:14,880 Speaker 1: I definitely saw this go down when I was in China. 419 00:26:15,200 --> 00:26:18,280 Speaker 1: There are several alternatives in all of these cultures, of course, 420 00:26:18,400 --> 00:26:21,480 Speaker 1: my favorite at this very current moment might be the 421 00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:27,680 Speaker 1: Japanese atsure, which literally means something like you're honored and tired, 422 00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:32,560 Speaker 1: but in the instance of toast, better translates to you've 423 00:26:32,600 --> 00:26:36,320 Speaker 1: worked so hard you deserve this drink. That sounds like me, 424 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:40,680 Speaker 1: I know you deserve you deserve it. It's usually someone 425 00:26:40,720 --> 00:26:42,600 Speaker 1: else saying it about you that that would be better 426 00:26:43,040 --> 00:26:46,960 Speaker 1: and less sad than me saying it to myself. One 427 00:26:47,040 --> 00:26:50,240 Speaker 1: that I heard a lot um in in my travels, 428 00:26:50,320 --> 00:26:53,560 Speaker 1: especially near Rope but also in the US, is if 429 00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:57,200 Speaker 1: you don't make eye contact with everybody during the toast, 430 00:26:57,200 --> 00:27:00,119 Speaker 1: you have to like do it with everyone. Um, then 431 00:27:00,119 --> 00:27:05,040 Speaker 1: you're gonna have seven years bad sex. I love how. 432 00:27:05,119 --> 00:27:07,560 Speaker 1: I love how it jumped from like it's rude not 433 00:27:07,720 --> 00:27:10,600 Speaker 1: to make eye contact to seven years bad sex. You 434 00:27:10,640 --> 00:27:15,160 Speaker 1: don't want that? I couldn't. Yeah, I mean, I think 435 00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:18,200 Speaker 1: it's just one of those things that sort of happened 436 00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:21,240 Speaker 1: and then got spread and there's really well, obviously there's 437 00:27:21,320 --> 00:27:27,240 Speaker 1: nothing I didn't look at. We should we should look 438 00:27:27,280 --> 00:27:29,119 Speaker 1: into that further. But I think it's more of a 439 00:27:30,160 --> 00:27:32,080 Speaker 1: kind of a thing that it's just like a like 440 00:27:32,080 --> 00:27:35,560 Speaker 1: an urban legend. Yeah, um that that's popular in parts 441 00:27:35,560 --> 00:27:38,879 Speaker 1: of Germany and in France, among other places. By the way, 442 00:27:39,000 --> 00:27:42,360 Speaker 1: Germans up prost and similar words and other languages probably 443 00:27:42,440 --> 00:27:45,440 Speaker 1: root from the Latin post. I'm saying these with very 444 00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:47,760 Speaker 1: strange accents. I think that the Latin is probably closer 445 00:27:47,800 --> 00:27:50,240 Speaker 1: to something like prost. I'm not sure if I said 446 00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:52,960 Speaker 1: that any differently anyway, Um, it means something like may 447 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:57,600 Speaker 1: it be good or maybe beneficial? Maybe? Yeah, that's nice. 448 00:27:57,960 --> 00:28:00,840 Speaker 1: And going back to that water thing and a superstition 449 00:28:01,160 --> 00:28:04,600 Speaker 1: surrounding toasting with water, why don't we do that generally? 450 00:28:05,040 --> 00:28:08,240 Speaker 1: There's definitely American and I think British naval traditions that 451 00:28:08,320 --> 00:28:11,080 Speaker 1: say that the object of a toast with water will 452 00:28:11,160 --> 00:28:16,000 Speaker 1: die by drowning. Oh no, that's serious. I mean, couldn't 453 00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:19,720 Speaker 1: you also use that? Yeah, just knock out your enemies 454 00:28:20,840 --> 00:28:25,560 Speaker 1: and that dark very quickly. Um. There's a legend that 455 00:28:25,600 --> 00:28:28,600 Speaker 1: the tradition of this started with the ancient Greeks. Part 456 00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:31,440 Speaker 1: of their underworld pathology held that there were these five 457 00:28:31,560 --> 00:28:35,360 Speaker 1: rivers in Hades, one of which called Leafy. The dead 458 00:28:35,400 --> 00:28:39,120 Speaker 1: would drink water from to forget about some or all 459 00:28:39,160 --> 00:28:42,920 Speaker 1: of their earthly experience or existence. Therefore, the legend goes, 460 00:28:43,160 --> 00:28:46,440 Speaker 1: the Greeks would toast the dead with water. M h. 461 00:28:47,120 --> 00:28:49,480 Speaker 1: I think it's probably closer to that like either like 462 00:28:49,640 --> 00:28:53,360 Speaker 1: macheesmo or we're pouring out this libation to the gods. 463 00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:57,040 Speaker 1: It's disrespectful to use water instead of wine kind of concept. 464 00:28:58,000 --> 00:29:00,880 Speaker 1: But but that's a nice legend. It is. It's kind 465 00:29:00,880 --> 00:29:04,120 Speaker 1: of like they were drinking from the the river to 466 00:29:04,160 --> 00:29:08,080 Speaker 1: get the same effect of alcohol, to forget your existence, right, 467 00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:14,840 Speaker 1: oh wow, yeah, oh oh, what about a hurry moving on? 468 00:29:16,040 --> 00:29:19,600 Speaker 1: There's there's apparently this tradition and Hungary that's like, do 469 00:29:19,720 --> 00:29:24,520 Speaker 1: not clink your glasses. Definitely don't. I read this on 470 00:29:24,560 --> 00:29:27,600 Speaker 1: the internet and the only explanation that anyone offered was 471 00:29:27,720 --> 00:29:30,880 Speaker 1: that clinking glasses reminds folks of this one time that 472 00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:34,800 Speaker 1: thirteen martyrs were executed in eighteen forty nine. And I'm 473 00:29:34,840 --> 00:29:39,719 Speaker 1: not sure. I'm not sure. Yeah, okay, Well, if anyone 474 00:29:39,840 --> 00:29:43,840 Speaker 1: knows any more about that, then let us know. Russia 475 00:29:43,880 --> 00:29:46,880 Speaker 1: has a wealth of toasting traditions there. It's also rude 476 00:29:46,880 --> 00:29:49,360 Speaker 1: to drink before a first toast is made, and in 477 00:29:49,440 --> 00:29:54,160 Speaker 1: the military tradition, there are at least thirteen toasts that 478 00:29:54,200 --> 00:29:58,520 Speaker 1: are accounted for. The first two are kind of quick blessings, 479 00:29:58,720 --> 00:30:01,000 Speaker 1: then there's one for the dead, and then the rest 480 00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:04,280 Speaker 1: of the thirteen for for women. A good simple one 481 00:30:04,520 --> 00:30:07,920 Speaker 1: in Russia is by the way a bodiam, which is 482 00:30:08,160 --> 00:30:12,120 Speaker 1: we will, yeah, we will, we will. I like it. 483 00:30:13,320 --> 00:30:15,880 Speaker 1: I have it from an excellent theater artist from Belarus 484 00:30:15,880 --> 00:30:19,200 Speaker 1: by the name of Asana that the most popular Belarusian 485 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:25,200 Speaker 1: toast is zaludorf, meaning for love that's nice. In Georgia, 486 00:30:25,440 --> 00:30:29,560 Speaker 1: the country, not the United States state, drinking and toasting 487 00:30:29,560 --> 00:30:34,160 Speaker 1: at feasts is traditionally overseen by a tamada, a toastmaster. 488 00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:37,520 Speaker 1: In formal gatherings, you do not drink until the tamada 489 00:30:37,640 --> 00:30:40,720 Speaker 1: has offered the official toast and said until the end, 490 00:30:41,280 --> 00:30:45,440 Speaker 1: which is another kind of bottoms up suggestion. Sure hm, 491 00:30:45,640 --> 00:30:48,080 Speaker 1: it works on two levels, to until the end, until 492 00:30:48,120 --> 00:30:51,800 Speaker 1: the end, and then until the bottom didn't drink, yeah, yeah, 493 00:30:51,880 --> 00:30:56,000 Speaker 1: emptied up. Many Western cultures use a variation on the 494 00:30:56,000 --> 00:31:01,720 Speaker 1: word salude, salut, etcetera. And these come from the Proto 495 00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:05,760 Speaker 1: Indo European root soul meaning a whole or well kept, 496 00:31:05,960 --> 00:31:10,840 Speaker 1: and then eventually the Latin salutari meaning literally wish health 497 00:31:10,920 --> 00:31:14,880 Speaker 1: to with a connotation of of greeting or paying respect. 498 00:31:15,760 --> 00:31:18,640 Speaker 1: And I find it really interesting that in English this 499 00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:23,520 Speaker 1: root word branched into like the really military connoted formal 500 00:31:23,840 --> 00:31:29,120 Speaker 1: salute like salutation, but basically every other Latin influenced language 501 00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,440 Speaker 1: uses it in this much more casual and friendly and 502 00:31:31,560 --> 00:31:35,280 Speaker 1: like a sort of way. I guess it's all honorific 503 00:31:36,800 --> 00:31:40,280 Speaker 1: speaking of things that we don't know about the origins 504 00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:44,160 Speaker 1: of Why do some people clink the bottom of their 505 00:31:44,160 --> 00:31:48,200 Speaker 1: glass against the table after cheers and before they drink. 506 00:31:48,720 --> 00:31:52,440 Speaker 1: I don't know. No one does really good story, I know, 507 00:31:52,880 --> 00:31:56,200 Speaker 1: no dang, but everyone has an opinion. I've heard everything 508 00:31:56,280 --> 00:31:58,520 Speaker 1: from your honoring the bar or the bar tender, to 509 00:31:58,720 --> 00:32:01,760 Speaker 1: your honoring those not a sound to actually clink glasses 510 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:05,240 Speaker 1: with you, to your dispelling evil spirits um to your 511 00:32:05,280 --> 00:32:09,120 Speaker 1: dispelling extra foam in your beer, to your dispelling over 512 00:32:09,160 --> 00:32:12,520 Speaker 1: familiarity with your drinking mates by disrupting the path from 513 00:32:12,520 --> 00:32:15,560 Speaker 1: the clink to your lips, which is very like good 514 00:32:15,600 --> 00:32:19,480 Speaker 1: work today, Wesley, I'll likely kill you tomorrow. Yeah, but 515 00:32:20,440 --> 00:32:22,400 Speaker 1: you know, I did it for a while just because 516 00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:24,160 Speaker 1: I thought it was how you did it, like I 517 00:32:24,200 --> 00:32:28,480 Speaker 1: thought that it completed the toast. But yeah, I have 518 00:32:28,560 --> 00:32:30,960 Speaker 1: some groups of friends who all do it in a 519 00:32:31,000 --> 00:32:33,280 Speaker 1: respectful way, and I have some groups of friends who 520 00:32:33,400 --> 00:32:35,640 Speaker 1: do that in that kind of like fe sort of way, 521 00:32:36,600 --> 00:32:39,400 Speaker 1: and I always forget which one I'm in, especially if 522 00:32:39,400 --> 00:32:43,000 Speaker 1: I've had like more than one. It turns very exciting. 523 00:32:45,240 --> 00:32:48,720 Speaker 1: And now chips for a good toast, Just kidding, we 524 00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:52,320 Speaker 1: don't have any. I one time gave a good toast, 525 00:32:52,400 --> 00:32:54,920 Speaker 1: and generally I just didn't like shorter the better get 526 00:32:54,920 --> 00:32:57,480 Speaker 1: out of there quick. Yeah, I'm usually just like I 527 00:32:57,560 --> 00:33:02,000 Speaker 1: love you guys, Thank you great. I hope you're doing nice. 528 00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:10,240 Speaker 1: See excellent, There it was words strong together. I did 529 00:33:10,360 --> 00:33:15,280 Speaker 1: collect a few from one of those early eighteen hundreds 530 00:33:15,560 --> 00:33:19,920 Speaker 1: toastmasters guides, this one by T. Hughes Um, published in 531 00:33:19,960 --> 00:33:24,120 Speaker 1: London in eighteen o six, and a couple of ones 532 00:33:24,240 --> 00:33:28,880 Speaker 1: that he recorded in this book are good luck until 533 00:33:28,960 --> 00:33:34,440 Speaker 1: we are all tired of it, which I think is cute. Yeah, 534 00:33:34,640 --> 00:33:37,440 Speaker 1: and here's here's what I thought you would like. Champagne 535 00:33:37,440 --> 00:33:40,480 Speaker 1: to our real friends and real pain to our sham friends. 536 00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:47,040 Speaker 1: Yes you know me so well, Oh that's so good. 537 00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:49,680 Speaker 1: But yeah, that's that's all I've got. Tips from us, 538 00:33:50,080 --> 00:33:51,920 Speaker 1: keep it short and sweet. If you're not sure of 539 00:33:51,960 --> 00:33:54,560 Speaker 1: the customs wherever it is that you are, then either 540 00:33:54,600 --> 00:33:57,880 Speaker 1: ask beforehand or follow everyone else's lead and I don't know, 541 00:33:58,200 --> 00:34:06,160 Speaker 1: be friendly, Yes, be kind. That's our toasting episode. Cheers 542 00:34:06,240 --> 00:34:11,000 Speaker 1: to you for listening. Yes, cheers and speaking of cheers, 543 00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:17,080 Speaker 1: oh yeah, um, we want to know how you cheers? 544 00:34:17,960 --> 00:34:20,320 Speaker 1: Are you less awkward than we are? Is there a 545 00:34:20,400 --> 00:34:24,120 Speaker 1: common saying in the place where you're from? Yeah? Maybe 546 00:34:24,160 --> 00:34:29,280 Speaker 1: some toasting traditions. We would love love for you wonderful 547 00:34:29,320 --> 00:34:33,480 Speaker 1: listeners to send us recordings of your favorite toast or 548 00:34:33,600 --> 00:34:37,480 Speaker 1: toast that are common where you are. That we didn't mention. 549 00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:40,120 Speaker 1: I think we should have mentioned if we get enough 550 00:34:40,160 --> 00:34:43,640 Speaker 1: of them, we might make an episode out of it. Yeah, 551 00:34:43,840 --> 00:34:46,960 Speaker 1: feature them in an episode anyway? Yeah? Absolutely, maybe like 552 00:34:47,000 --> 00:34:50,000 Speaker 1: a like a nice New Year's kind of thing. So yeah, 553 00:34:50,040 --> 00:34:53,320 Speaker 1: so um so so send us those. Um, the best 554 00:34:53,360 --> 00:34:58,279 Speaker 1: way is via email. Speaking of email, there's mail, listener mail, 555 00:34:58,440 --> 00:35:02,840 Speaker 1: It's lovely. Emily wrote, I loved your episode on popcorn, 556 00:35:02,920 --> 00:35:05,440 Speaker 1: but it made me think of a weird etymological thing 557 00:35:05,440 --> 00:35:08,720 Speaker 1: I found out in high school. I'm from Ontario, Canada, 558 00:35:09,080 --> 00:35:11,920 Speaker 1: and some of our schools are French immersion schools. This 559 00:35:12,000 --> 00:35:14,759 Speaker 1: means that from grade one until grade twelve, if you 560 00:35:14,840 --> 00:35:17,319 Speaker 1: choose to continue with French for that whole time. A 561 00:35:17,400 --> 00:35:20,480 Speaker 1: portion of your classes are taught in French. I went 562 00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:22,600 Speaker 1: to one of these schools and I'm still taking a 563 00:35:22,640 --> 00:35:26,120 Speaker 1: sort of immersion in university. In elementary school, most of 564 00:35:26,160 --> 00:35:29,560 Speaker 1: our teachers came from Quebec. We learned pretty early on 565 00:35:29,600 --> 00:35:32,799 Speaker 1: that in French popcorn is called maze to flay, a 566 00:35:32,880 --> 00:35:37,319 Speaker 1: direct translation of popcorn. However, the first time we tried 567 00:35:37,400 --> 00:35:39,799 Speaker 1: using it in high school, our teacher laughed at us. 568 00:35:40,520 --> 00:35:43,840 Speaker 1: She was from France, where English slang is more used 569 00:35:43,920 --> 00:35:48,240 Speaker 1: than French appropriation, so she just said popcorn. Apparently, because 570 00:35:48,440 --> 00:35:51,719 Speaker 1: Quebecers are distant immigrants of France, they like to be 571 00:35:51,719 --> 00:35:54,160 Speaker 1: as strict about their French as possible. Why the French 572 00:35:54,320 --> 00:36:00,200 Speaker 1: in France are more lenient. Maze is great, though, Know 573 00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:03,960 Speaker 1: that I would think I was getting like, I wouldn't 574 00:36:03,960 --> 00:36:05,759 Speaker 1: have no idea, and the platforms show up and I'd 575 00:36:05,760 --> 00:36:10,480 Speaker 1: be so happy. I don't know what happened, but it's delicious. 576 00:36:12,719 --> 00:36:15,920 Speaker 1: Christine said to this. I was listening to the Aspect 577 00:36:15,960 --> 00:36:18,960 Speaker 1: episode this evening, and yes, I did Google pictures and 578 00:36:19,080 --> 00:36:21,520 Speaker 1: was gagging along with you. I had to laugh though, 579 00:36:21,520 --> 00:36:23,360 Speaker 1: because it brought back a memory from when I was 580 00:36:23,400 --> 00:36:26,080 Speaker 1: maybe ten to twelve years old. We were at Blossom 581 00:36:26,160 --> 00:36:28,560 Speaker 1: Music Center before a performance of the Orchestra for the 582 00:36:28,560 --> 00:36:31,280 Speaker 1: Fourth of July, and we were enjoying a picnic dinner 583 00:36:31,360 --> 00:36:33,520 Speaker 1: that my mom had put together for our family. I 584 00:36:33,520 --> 00:36:36,040 Speaker 1: still remember looking over at the next picnic table and 585 00:36:36,080 --> 00:36:38,760 Speaker 1: asking my mom what the heck is that that they're eating? 586 00:36:39,200 --> 00:36:43,000 Speaker 1: Her answer with a wrinkled nose aspeck. She was a 587 00:36:43,040 --> 00:36:45,560 Speaker 1: specialist in food and nutrition, and I think the whole 588 00:36:45,600 --> 00:36:50,520 Speaker 1: novelty of aspects never chilled with her. Sorry, couldn't resist now, 589 00:36:50,719 --> 00:36:54,200 Speaker 1: mind you. She's also the Queen of Jello Salads, so 590 00:36:54,239 --> 00:36:58,080 Speaker 1: I'm not sure how to process that. Yeah, well us 591 00:36:58,120 --> 00:37:00,840 Speaker 1: neither no either, But do you know that would make 592 00:37:00,880 --> 00:37:04,319 Speaker 1: a great business card? Queen of Jello Salad, Queen of 593 00:37:04,360 --> 00:37:10,799 Speaker 1: Jello's Salad. Oh that is prestigious title, is h? So yeah? 594 00:37:10,920 --> 00:37:14,080 Speaker 1: Thank you so much for writing in If you guys 595 00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:16,080 Speaker 1: would like to do that. That email address one more 596 00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:18,879 Speaker 1: time is food Stuff at how stuff works dot com. 597 00:37:19,120 --> 00:37:22,480 Speaker 1: We're also on social media things. You can find us 598 00:37:22,560 --> 00:37:26,320 Speaker 1: on Twitter and Facebook, where our handle is at food stuff. 599 00:37:26,480 --> 00:37:29,279 Speaker 1: Hs W stands for how Stuff Works. You can also 600 00:37:29,280 --> 00:37:33,160 Speaker 1: find us on Instagram at food stuff. Many many cheers 601 00:37:33,239 --> 00:37:36,319 Speaker 1: to our amazing producer Dylan Fagan, and we hope that 602 00:37:36,360 --> 00:37:38,160 Speaker 1: lots more good things are coming your way.