1 00:00:00,200 --> 00:00:28,720 Speaker 1: Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. Welcome back to 2 00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:32,360 Speaker 1: the show, fellow Ridiculous Historians. Thank you, as always so 3 00:00:32,600 --> 00:00:35,840 Speaker 1: much for tuning in. Let's hear it for our guest 4 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:39,080 Speaker 1: super producer, Dylan the Chainsaw Fago. 5 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:39,880 Speaker 2: Dylan. 6 00:00:40,400 --> 00:00:43,840 Speaker 3: Yeah, you like that. Dylan is anything. 7 00:00:43,920 --> 00:00:46,599 Speaker 4: He's He's the most gentle chainsaw I ever did. Now 8 00:00:46,960 --> 00:00:48,680 Speaker 4: he's a velvet chainsaw. 9 00:00:49,159 --> 00:00:50,280 Speaker 2: Chainsaw for the beadle. 10 00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:53,199 Speaker 4: Dear, I missed a story. Dylan just held up his 11 00:00:53,280 --> 00:00:55,280 Speaker 4: injured hand. Is that chainsaw relating? 12 00:00:56,160 --> 00:00:58,520 Speaker 3: It is here? Sorry, buddy, you're okay? 13 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:00,560 Speaker 2: Dylan? Do you want to hop on? I can and 14 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:02,120 Speaker 2: talk about that. It's okay If not. 15 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:03,240 Speaker 1: Uh. 16 00:01:03,320 --> 00:01:05,520 Speaker 3: Yeah, I was trying to cut down a tree on 17 00:01:05,600 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 3: the fourth of July and cut into my hand. God, 18 00:01:08,360 --> 00:01:11,480 Speaker 3: but I'm gonna be okay. You didn't lose any fingies, right, No, 19 00:01:11,640 --> 00:01:14,240 Speaker 3: I no feeling, and you know I was headed to 20 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:16,560 Speaker 3: the emergency room yelling, am I gonna be able to 21 00:01:16,560 --> 00:01:20,080 Speaker 3: play guitar? Jesus? This is so stressful? Oh my god, 22 00:01:20,360 --> 00:01:21,520 Speaker 3: I'm so glad you're okay. 23 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:25,119 Speaker 4: That is, as a fellow guitarist, not nearly as good 24 00:01:25,120 --> 00:01:25,360 Speaker 4: as you. 25 00:01:25,560 --> 00:01:27,640 Speaker 3: I understand the terror. 26 00:01:27,400 --> 00:01:31,760 Speaker 1: There and I'm bringing this up here because we are 27 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:36,160 Speaker 1: an audio podcast. So everyone playing along at home, please 28 00:01:36,400 --> 00:01:39,959 Speaker 1: note imagine if you will, a guy who looks like 29 00:01:40,040 --> 00:01:44,600 Speaker 1: he absolutely can mop up in a fight. Dylan's got 30 00:01:44,600 --> 00:01:51,800 Speaker 1: this really cool bandage around. Yeah, just so that's Nold Brown. 31 00:01:52,080 --> 00:01:53,480 Speaker 1: They called me Ben Bullen. 32 00:01:53,760 --> 00:01:53,960 Speaker 2: Oh. 33 00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: Today we are exploring something that is controversial for a 34 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:03,000 Speaker 1: lot of reasons. For a lot of people. It's something 35 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:05,520 Speaker 1: called the fad diet. 36 00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:08,800 Speaker 4: Yeah for sure, if anyone is uh, I swear when 37 00:02:08,840 --> 00:02:11,680 Speaker 4: I was reading through this incredible research brief brought to 38 00:02:11,760 --> 00:02:18,280 Speaker 4: us by research associated extraordinary wren Fest Jones the best, 39 00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:20,240 Speaker 4: by the way. We love her work so much. I 40 00:02:20,280 --> 00:02:23,000 Speaker 4: couldn't help but think of the movie A Cure for Wellness. 41 00:02:23,040 --> 00:02:24,320 Speaker 3: Do you remember this film? 42 00:02:24,680 --> 00:02:24,920 Speaker 2: Yeah? 43 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:25,800 Speaker 3: Me a god, I do. 44 00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:29,280 Speaker 4: Sort of a very love craft very lovecrafting and play 45 00:02:29,480 --> 00:02:33,200 Speaker 4: on the works of John Harvey Kellogg. 46 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:38,200 Speaker 3: And another film reminds me of wait, what was it? Something? Wellsville. 47 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:40,880 Speaker 4: Two Tickets to Wellsville is about like yogurt and eemas 48 00:02:40,919 --> 00:02:42,440 Speaker 4: and stuff, but obviously. 49 00:02:42,240 --> 00:02:48,120 Speaker 1: Sanitarium like health health health camps essentially not all the 50 00:02:48,240 --> 00:02:52,520 Speaker 1: time consensual and oftentimes not based on what we would 51 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:54,400 Speaker 1: consider real science. 52 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:55,040 Speaker 3: Oh not at all. 53 00:02:55,120 --> 00:02:58,640 Speaker 4: And like you know, certainly we had controversial versions of 54 00:02:58,680 --> 00:03:02,960 Speaker 4: this well into these and two thousands, even pejoratively often 55 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:06,079 Speaker 4: called fat camps, you know, as a as a you know, 56 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:09,280 Speaker 4: a bigger bone fellow, I personally take issue with that. 57 00:03:09,440 --> 00:03:12,400 Speaker 4: But yeah, we are talking about fad diets today and 58 00:03:12,480 --> 00:03:14,880 Speaker 4: it goes back a lot farther than you might think, 59 00:03:14,960 --> 00:03:17,640 Speaker 4: or maybe exactly as far as you might think, depending 60 00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:22,680 Speaker 4: The word diet is actually derived from the Greek word diatya, which, 61 00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:26,880 Speaker 4: according to Louise Foxcroft from BBC Magazine, described a whole 62 00:03:26,919 --> 00:03:29,919 Speaker 4: way of life. Dieting back then was about all around 63 00:03:29,960 --> 00:03:31,040 Speaker 4: mental and physical health. 64 00:03:31,080 --> 00:03:31,800 Speaker 2: I like that. 65 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:35,760 Speaker 3: That's a very progressive form of the idea of a 66 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:38,000 Speaker 3: balanced diet, you know, referring. 67 00:03:37,680 --> 00:03:42,320 Speaker 1: To a lifestyle choice. It's holistic, it's grishtaltic, right. It 68 00:03:42,440 --> 00:03:48,200 Speaker 1: encounters things like not just ingestion and expenditure of calorie, 69 00:03:48,280 --> 00:03:54,960 Speaker 1: but also mental wellness, also community connection. This think of 70 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:58,360 Speaker 1: it more like a rechedus at this point, a well 71 00:03:58,440 --> 00:04:02,120 Speaker 1: lived life and how to define and pursue such The 72 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:06,640 Speaker 1: original point of what we would loosely call diet in 73 00:04:06,680 --> 00:04:10,720 Speaker 1: the days of the Greeks was getting a hold of 74 00:04:10,760 --> 00:04:14,680 Speaker 1: a greater good for your body as a as a 75 00:04:14,840 --> 00:04:19,400 Speaker 1: huge organism and your function in a larger society. But 76 00:04:19,520 --> 00:04:23,320 Speaker 1: now the word diet is used everywhere. 77 00:04:23,680 --> 00:04:25,200 Speaker 2: Diet coke, right. 78 00:04:26,560 --> 00:04:32,280 Speaker 1: I swear I distinctly remember this, maybe the mandala effect, 79 00:04:32,320 --> 00:04:38,960 Speaker 1: but I distinctly remember seeing something called diet bacon and thinking, now, 80 00:04:39,520 --> 00:04:40,520 Speaker 1: I don't know about. 81 00:04:40,279 --> 00:04:41,920 Speaker 3: That, maybe fake and bacon. 82 00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:44,760 Speaker 4: There's certainly that, like the vegan bacon and all of that, 83 00:04:44,800 --> 00:04:48,240 Speaker 4: but even a lot of those meatless substitutes are super 84 00:04:48,279 --> 00:04:51,520 Speaker 4: carbi and not necessarily like one hundred percent better for 85 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:54,680 Speaker 4: you calorically speaking, I guess if you're going from non 86 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:58,039 Speaker 4: meat thing, they definitely fit the bill. I was just 87 00:04:58,080 --> 00:05:01,320 Speaker 4: thinking about the Greeks and the wellness thing, and then 88 00:05:01,360 --> 00:05:03,200 Speaker 4: the films that I was talking about, and I think 89 00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:06,280 Speaker 4: I just tried googling Greek enemas and I got a 90 00:05:06,279 --> 00:05:09,520 Speaker 4: whole bunch of results for Greek animals. So I don't know, 91 00:05:10,080 --> 00:05:11,920 Speaker 4: Greek anemas was as much of a thing. 92 00:05:11,839 --> 00:05:14,279 Speaker 2: As you get to put the quotation marks around. 93 00:05:14,800 --> 00:05:15,960 Speaker 3: I might have misspelledious. 94 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:18,200 Speaker 4: I spelled it like maybe a little more like Onoma, 95 00:05:18,320 --> 00:05:22,760 Speaker 4: like the Tool album, and all right, yeah. 96 00:05:22,480 --> 00:05:25,640 Speaker 1: But I mean, so we're asking a real good question here, Noel. 97 00:05:25,760 --> 00:05:29,839 Speaker 1: The question is when did this switch? When did the 98 00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:34,039 Speaker 1: use of the word diet or dietas, When did it 99 00:05:34,120 --> 00:05:37,480 Speaker 1: transform into what we use the word for in the 100 00:05:37,520 --> 00:05:41,320 Speaker 1: modern day. As Red points out, we can put a 101 00:05:41,360 --> 00:05:45,679 Speaker 1: lot of the switch here on the Victorians. The Victorian era, 102 00:05:46,080 --> 00:05:51,440 Speaker 1: they didn't have Instagram to you know, hold influencers pedaling 103 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:56,280 Speaker 1: diet teas or laxatives. Louis Armstrong by the way, big 104 00:05:56,320 --> 00:05:59,880 Speaker 1: fan of laxatives or weight loss. But they did have 105 00:06:00,960 --> 00:06:06,520 Speaker 1: a phenomenal breakthrough in technology, the steam powered printing press, 106 00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:10,280 Speaker 1: which meant that a lot more people had the opportunity 107 00:06:10,480 --> 00:06:16,280 Speaker 1: to read. Also, they did not have maybe the necessary 108 00:06:16,360 --> 00:06:25,160 Speaker 1: critical thinking skills to evaluate the mallarchy from the truth archy, 109 00:06:24,400 --> 00:06:27,000 Speaker 1: the malarkey from the proarchy. 110 00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:32,880 Speaker 4: We certainly this technology helped to aid some folks in 111 00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:36,120 Speaker 4: disseminating their quack diets, you know, in the form of 112 00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:40,320 Speaker 4: pamphlets or booklets. So why don't we jump right in 113 00:06:40,400 --> 00:06:44,400 Speaker 4: There is a fellow before Atkins became kind of synonymous 114 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:45,839 Speaker 4: with dieting, or Jenny Craig. 115 00:06:45,920 --> 00:06:48,360 Speaker 3: If people you know of a certain age, remember that. 116 00:06:48,760 --> 00:06:53,200 Speaker 4: Low carb tortillas, things like that diet everything, which does seem, 117 00:06:53,200 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 4: by the way I was going to point out, it 118 00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:56,719 Speaker 4: seems to be being leaned away from a bit. We've 119 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 4: got your coke zeros now and the word diet. Certainly 120 00:07:00,160 --> 00:07:02,360 Speaker 4: there's the legacy diet coke. They're never going to get 121 00:07:02,440 --> 00:07:04,320 Speaker 4: rid of that, but they don't promote it, right, it 122 00:07:04,440 --> 00:07:08,120 Speaker 4: just sort of exists. Diet mountain dew not always available, 123 00:07:08,120 --> 00:07:11,240 Speaker 4: but like coke zero, they've actually promoted. We've got a 124 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:13,920 Speaker 4: guy by the name of William Bant who in his 125 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,840 Speaker 4: eighteen sixty three book letter on Corpulence, You're gonna have 126 00:07:17,880 --> 00:07:19,920 Speaker 4: to help me out with corpulence bend because I always 127 00:07:19,960 --> 00:07:21,360 Speaker 4: think of like a. 128 00:07:21,320 --> 00:07:24,800 Speaker 3: Corpse, but what corpuscles? What is corpulence? 129 00:07:24,840 --> 00:07:25,360 Speaker 2: Ob city? 130 00:07:25,400 --> 00:07:27,760 Speaker 3: Oh okay, oh okay, gob city got it. 131 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:32,200 Speaker 4: He lays out a diet plan that really worked for 132 00:07:32,280 --> 00:07:34,880 Speaker 4: him anyway, to the point where he felt like he 133 00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:38,680 Speaker 4: wanted to spread the word. He was so popular that 134 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:42,480 Speaker 4: the word Bant, or that his name shortened to Bant, 135 00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:45,080 Speaker 4: became a verb for dieting. 136 00:07:45,200 --> 00:07:47,960 Speaker 3: You know, to bant was to diets. 137 00:07:48,880 --> 00:07:54,679 Speaker 1: Yeah, And this occurs in Oxford English Dictionary. It stays 138 00:07:54,760 --> 00:07:58,800 Speaker 1: there from the late eighteen hundreds all the way to 139 00:07:59,240 --> 00:08:05,080 Speaker 1: nineteen sixty three. You might say, for example, someone gives 140 00:08:05,120 --> 00:08:10,600 Speaker 1: you a good tiramasu or crazy eighteen hundreds dessert and 141 00:08:10,680 --> 00:08:14,320 Speaker 1: you say, ah, thanks, but you know, I appreciate it. 142 00:08:14,960 --> 00:08:18,960 Speaker 1: I'm banting right now, And that would be the way 143 00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:21,160 Speaker 1: you would that would be deployed, the same way you 144 00:08:21,160 --> 00:08:23,240 Speaker 1: would say, I'm on a diet right now, like no 145 00:08:23,280 --> 00:08:27,360 Speaker 1: sugar for me. It's eighteen sixty two and bant is 146 00:08:28,920 --> 00:08:32,600 Speaker 1: He's about five feet five inches tall. He weighs two 147 00:08:32,720 --> 00:08:38,959 Speaker 1: hundred and two pounds, which is a pretty noticeable metric 148 00:08:39,200 --> 00:08:42,800 Speaker 1: for his part of the world at this time in history. 149 00:08:42,840 --> 00:08:47,120 Speaker 1: And his height, yes, yeah, and his heightened right, So 150 00:08:47,200 --> 00:08:52,920 Speaker 1: the metrics combined ed. He is experiencing joint pain. He's 151 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:56,720 Speaker 1: not having a great time at field days or at sport. 152 00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:00,880 Speaker 1: And he says he has that what we will call it, Dylan, 153 00:09:00,880 --> 00:09:02,839 Speaker 1: and I will call it in East Tennessee it come 154 00:09:02,920 --> 00:09:09,000 Speaker 1: to Jesus more. You may have the same statements in augusta. 155 00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:09,720 Speaker 3: Uh. 156 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:14,160 Speaker 1: He says, Look, I've got to make a difference. Let 157 00:09:14,200 --> 00:09:18,040 Speaker 1: me see how I can improve myself. And he looks 158 00:09:18,080 --> 00:09:23,720 Speaker 1: at the current improvement propositions or regimens of the day, 159 00:09:24,080 --> 00:09:27,920 Speaker 1: things like going to a Turkish bathhouse, going to a 160 00:09:27,960 --> 00:09:32,600 Speaker 1: sweaty spa, doing a lot of jumping jacks, rigorous calisthetics, 161 00:09:32,800 --> 00:09:37,040 Speaker 1: and he says, look, this is just making me hungrier. 162 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:41,200 Speaker 1: I want to consume more calories. Add to this, the 163 00:09:41,280 --> 00:09:46,120 Speaker 1: poor guy has some other health problems. He's losing his hearing, 164 00:09:46,840 --> 00:09:52,040 Speaker 1: and eventually his doctor tells him something crazy. The guy 165 00:09:52,280 --> 00:09:55,720 Speaker 1: he pays the look at his ears, says, you know what, man, 166 00:09:56,480 --> 00:10:01,080 Speaker 1: there is a correlation between your weight and your problems 167 00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:03,960 Speaker 1: with his hearing. This is where we meet that your 168 00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:06,160 Speaker 1: doctor himself, William Harvey. 169 00:10:06,320 --> 00:10:10,480 Speaker 4: Harvey suggested to Bant that he cut out certain foods 170 00:10:10,559 --> 00:10:16,920 Speaker 4: carbi stuff, fatty stuff, lactose stuff, bread, butter, milk, sugar, beer, 171 00:10:17,080 --> 00:10:21,720 Speaker 4: and potatoes, and recommended that he live on animal proteins, 172 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:25,480 Speaker 4: fruits and non starchy vegetables. Funny thing, this is definitely 173 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:29,800 Speaker 4: still a popular choice, you know, for certain types of 174 00:10:29,840 --> 00:10:32,840 Speaker 4: diets today. I mean, it definitely works, whether or not 175 00:10:32,880 --> 00:10:36,520 Speaker 4: your anti meat, animal protein or not. This is something 176 00:10:36,559 --> 00:10:40,000 Speaker 4: that is in many ways in certain schools of thought, 177 00:10:40,120 --> 00:10:44,440 Speaker 4: still suggested and can be very effective. Although Bant was 178 00:10:44,600 --> 00:10:47,560 Speaker 4: allowed no beer, but he could have up to six 179 00:10:47,640 --> 00:10:51,480 Speaker 4: glasses of red wine or sherry a day on this diet, 180 00:10:51,559 --> 00:10:54,920 Speaker 4: and Red points out that this well exceeds the Center 181 00:10:54,960 --> 00:11:00,000 Speaker 4: for Disease Controls current metrics for heavy drinking Champagne and beer. 182 00:11:00,040 --> 00:11:02,760 Speaker 4: Of course we're off limits because of how sugar they are, 183 00:11:02,800 --> 00:11:06,240 Speaker 4: and red wine and I believe tequila are still something 184 00:11:06,240 --> 00:11:09,760 Speaker 4: that are allowable in things like the Keto diet. 185 00:11:10,720 --> 00:11:12,000 Speaker 3: This was really working for man. 186 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:14,280 Speaker 4: He lost a pound a week on this diet and 187 00:11:14,320 --> 00:11:18,959 Speaker 4: his joint pain started to subside and miraculously surprising, I 188 00:11:19,040 --> 00:11:20,480 Speaker 4: think to even us in the modern day. 189 00:11:20,520 --> 00:11:22,400 Speaker 3: Here his hearing came back. 190 00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:26,959 Speaker 1: Interesting, and let's step back here for a second, because 191 00:11:27,040 --> 00:11:30,800 Speaker 1: the correlation, the inspiration from the year doctor William Harvey 192 00:11:31,360 --> 00:11:37,240 Speaker 1: comes from not just him picking up vibes or improvising. Instead, 193 00:11:37,679 --> 00:11:43,120 Speaker 1: Doc Harvey here had been experimenting on sugar intake in canines, 194 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 1: and he did so because he believed there was a 195 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:50,880 Speaker 1: link between glycogen that comes from your liver and hearing 196 00:11:50,960 --> 00:11:55,560 Speaker 1: loss and diabetes, or as Mac and south Park like 197 00:11:55,640 --> 00:12:00,920 Speaker 1: to say, diabetes. So as you're saying no, this guy 198 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:05,520 Speaker 1: is not just losing a pound a week on cutting 199 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:11,040 Speaker 1: out sugar. Essentially, he is also getting his hearing back. 200 00:12:11,080 --> 00:12:14,680 Speaker 1: It's a whole new world. He wants to communicate this success. 201 00:12:14,960 --> 00:12:19,680 Speaker 1: He publishes the first two versions of his book, weirdly 202 00:12:19,720 --> 00:12:23,880 Speaker 1: called Letters on Corpulence. He distributes them to the public. 203 00:12:23,920 --> 00:12:26,839 Speaker 1: He's not charging anyone. It's not about the money, it's 204 00:12:26,840 --> 00:12:30,080 Speaker 1: about the message. He starts to make a little bit 205 00:12:30,160 --> 00:12:34,400 Speaker 1: of profit on the third edition of this work, and 206 00:12:35,440 --> 00:12:38,640 Speaker 1: it is only in that third edition that he gives 207 00:12:38,679 --> 00:12:44,080 Speaker 1: his ear doctor Harvey credit for his contribution. With that 208 00:12:44,160 --> 00:12:46,280 Speaker 1: being said, Oh, we should have put this at the front. 209 00:12:46,720 --> 00:12:50,920 Speaker 1: None of this is medical advice. Oh absolutely, none of this. 210 00:12:51,200 --> 00:12:53,720 Speaker 1: You're going to hear a lot of terrible ideas as 211 00:12:53,720 --> 00:12:54,440 Speaker 1: a matter for sure. 212 00:12:54,559 --> 00:12:56,360 Speaker 4: Yeah, I think we set that up pretty well at 213 00:12:56,400 --> 00:13:01,040 Speaker 4: the top. Speaking of terrible ideas, how about ingesting paris, 214 00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:04,480 Speaker 4: you know for funzies. This is some cure for wellness 215 00:13:04,480 --> 00:13:07,160 Speaker 4: type stuff. I believe there were leeches in that. There 216 00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:11,520 Speaker 4: is another film that takes place during the Victorian era 217 00:13:11,679 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 4: that's very recent called The Ugly step Sister, and it 218 00:13:15,880 --> 00:13:19,600 Speaker 4: is apparently like a really macabre, fractured fairy tale version 219 00:13:19,760 --> 00:13:22,920 Speaker 4: of I want to say Cinderella that I believe that's 220 00:13:22,920 --> 00:13:25,120 Speaker 4: the one with the evil stepsisters, but it has a 221 00:13:25,120 --> 00:13:33,320 Speaker 4: plot point that involves ingesting a tapeworm. 222 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:40,000 Speaker 1: Tapeworms an old enemy of the humans and other living organisms. 223 00:13:40,360 --> 00:13:44,959 Speaker 1: So let's say you're in the Victorian era. You don't 224 00:13:45,080 --> 00:13:49,319 Speaker 1: quite have the wherewithal to control sugar intake. You may 225 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:53,800 Speaker 1: not have the privilege of choosing what you want to eat, 226 00:13:54,080 --> 00:13:58,040 Speaker 1: but you can swallow the egg of a tapeworm derived 227 00:13:58,040 --> 00:14:01,440 Speaker 1: from a cow in pill four. And the hope here 228 00:14:01,920 --> 00:14:05,200 Speaker 1: is that most of the tapeworms are going to die 229 00:14:05,440 --> 00:14:08,520 Speaker 1: in your stomach acid. That's just the nature of attrition. 230 00:14:09,160 --> 00:14:13,200 Speaker 1: But what if one of these tapeworms makes it through 231 00:14:13,520 --> 00:14:19,200 Speaker 1: your bubbling guts of your stomach acid and reaches your intestines, 232 00:14:19,400 --> 00:14:24,840 Speaker 1: reaches maturity, and then it starts to absorb some percentage 233 00:14:25,040 --> 00:14:29,840 Speaker 1: of the food nutrients and calories you ingest. This means 234 00:14:30,240 --> 00:14:34,000 Speaker 1: that you get that theoretically, this is their pitch. This 235 00:14:34,120 --> 00:14:37,560 Speaker 1: means that you can eat whatever you want and you 236 00:14:37,680 --> 00:14:39,400 Speaker 1: will not gain weight. 237 00:14:39,440 --> 00:14:42,240 Speaker 3: But there's a big problem. 238 00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:47,000 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, Okay, So first catch most cases, 239 00:14:47,440 --> 00:14:52,520 Speaker 1: the eggs in those little Victorian era pills. First, they're 240 00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:55,840 Speaker 1: hard to swallow. Pill technology is not what it is today. 241 00:14:56,400 --> 00:14:59,000 Speaker 1: But also they're dead eggs. 242 00:15:00,080 --> 00:15:01,880 Speaker 4: Their dead egg so it would be like a placebo 243 00:15:01,880 --> 00:15:06,280 Speaker 4: effect situation and or just a nasty tummy egg. 244 00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:09,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, and that's still not the worst catch. The worst 245 00:15:09,520 --> 00:15:14,560 Speaker 1: catch is if it works. If a tapeworm egg is alive, 246 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:18,880 Speaker 1: does survive stomach acid, and the ingestion process makes it 247 00:15:18,960 --> 00:15:24,640 Speaker 1: to the human intestine, it can live for decades and decades. 248 00:15:24,800 --> 00:15:27,840 Speaker 1: Unlike some other parasites, this is not a short lived 249 00:15:28,240 --> 00:15:31,960 Speaker 1: parasitic cycle. They can also grow to be up to 250 00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:37,840 Speaker 1: thirty feet long. They can get this. Folks reproduce without 251 00:15:37,880 --> 00:15:41,000 Speaker 1: a partner, so the one egg that makes it through 252 00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:46,640 Speaker 1: to human intestines can build its own Brady bunch inside you. 253 00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:53,680 Speaker 1: This can lead to of course, massive hilarious diarrhea, brain swelling, dementia. 254 00:15:53,800 --> 00:15:55,680 Speaker 1: You're gonna be throwing out, You're gonna have seats. 255 00:15:55,760 --> 00:15:59,400 Speaker 4: You imagine the pharmaceutical TV commercial for tapeworms. Like in 256 00:15:59,440 --> 00:16:01,200 Speaker 4: all of this side effects that are rattled off at 257 00:16:01,240 --> 00:16:04,440 Speaker 4: the end, you kind of you started the list just now. Man, 258 00:16:04,760 --> 00:16:07,040 Speaker 4: not to get off track here, but someone pointed out 259 00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:09,000 Speaker 4: to me, we're talking a lot on our other show stuff 260 00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:11,000 Speaker 4: that I want you to know about the advent of 261 00:16:11,040 --> 00:16:13,600 Speaker 4: AI and machine learning and all of that and how 262 00:16:13,600 --> 00:16:18,280 Speaker 4: it affects culture, et cetera. Somebody pointed out that the 263 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:21,760 Speaker 4: first kind of company that is just strictly going to 264 00:16:21,880 --> 00:16:26,720 Speaker 4: generate purely AI commercials will be pharmaceuticals, because those commercials, 265 00:16:26,720 --> 00:16:30,280 Speaker 4: for all intents and purposes already look vaguely AI and 266 00:16:30,400 --> 00:16:31,960 Speaker 4: or stock footage driven. 267 00:16:32,040 --> 00:16:34,119 Speaker 3: You know what I mean. They're just so blaz. 268 00:16:35,160 --> 00:16:39,240 Speaker 1: Yeah, and they're illegal in all countries except for New 269 00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:41,120 Speaker 1: Zealand and the United States. 270 00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:43,240 Speaker 3: What's up New Zealand? I mean the United States. I 271 00:16:43,280 --> 00:16:45,360 Speaker 3: get it, but I thought New Zealand was better than that. 272 00:16:46,160 --> 00:16:49,239 Speaker 1: We thought, Yeah, we're not angry, you guys, We're confused 273 00:16:49,280 --> 00:16:52,640 Speaker 1: and a little disappointed. Also shout out to one of 274 00:16:52,640 --> 00:16:56,080 Speaker 1: the best shows on television ever in the West, Always 275 00:16:56,160 --> 00:16:59,760 Speaker 1: Sunny in Philadelphia. There is an episode where in the 276 00:16:59,800 --> 00:17:04,040 Speaker 1: care arc or Frank Reynolds does ingest a tapeworm through 277 00:17:04,119 --> 00:17:08,680 Speaker 1: fecal transplant in order to in an attempt to lose weight. 278 00:17:09,560 --> 00:17:13,440 Speaker 1: This is based on reality because you can still buy 279 00:17:13,640 --> 00:17:19,439 Speaker 1: tapeworm diet approaches on the dark web today. This we 280 00:17:19,560 --> 00:17:24,240 Speaker 1: can't crazy this, This next statement we can consider medical advice. 281 00:17:24,640 --> 00:17:28,480 Speaker 2: Hear us don't do These folks don't do it, just can't. 282 00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:33,399 Speaker 1: We can't advocate for stuff. But I feel like we 283 00:17:33,520 --> 00:17:36,760 Speaker 1: can tell you what you should not do, right, I. 284 00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:40,439 Speaker 4: Think we can suggest very strongly that you not ingest 285 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:44,080 Speaker 4: parasites on purpose. I think we're safe and well within 286 00:17:44,160 --> 00:17:45,919 Speaker 4: our expertise as human. 287 00:17:45,680 --> 00:17:47,840 Speaker 3: People to offer that bit of advice. 288 00:17:47,920 --> 00:17:51,159 Speaker 2: Yes, yeah, but what if you just sweat it out? 289 00:17:51,480 --> 00:17:54,760 Speaker 4: Well, that's worse too. I mean that's just losing water weights, right, like, 290 00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:57,600 Speaker 4: I mean it's right, well, sure, schmitz or whatever as 291 00:17:57,640 --> 00:18:00,919 Speaker 4: they call it in the Sopranos culture. Can be a 292 00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:05,040 Speaker 4: nice way to relax after a heavy workout, can be 293 00:18:05,080 --> 00:18:08,840 Speaker 4: a nice way to loosen the muscles and relax the 294 00:18:08,880 --> 00:18:12,000 Speaker 4: joints and things like that. But even people that do 295 00:18:12,080 --> 00:18:14,640 Speaker 4: it for weight loss purposes usually like to make weight, 296 00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:17,000 Speaker 4: you know, if you're a boxer or a wrestler or 297 00:18:17,040 --> 00:18:19,320 Speaker 4: something like that. But it is not long term. And 298 00:18:19,600 --> 00:18:22,040 Speaker 4: as someone who's been diving and doing a lot of 299 00:18:22,080 --> 00:18:26,320 Speaker 4: exercise stuff lately, my way fluctuates sometimes three pounds day 300 00:18:26,359 --> 00:18:29,639 Speaker 4: to day, depending on what time I weigh myself and 301 00:18:29,680 --> 00:18:32,440 Speaker 4: depending on how much water I've retained. 302 00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:33,720 Speaker 3: And that is absolutely a thing. 303 00:18:34,320 --> 00:18:39,200 Speaker 1: Yeah, And even being a night walker myself in these punishing, 304 00:18:39,400 --> 00:18:45,000 Speaker 1: perishing Georgia summers, I will lose weight at night, exactly, 305 00:18:45,160 --> 00:18:49,840 Speaker 1: worry some degree. And it's as we said, it's water weight. 306 00:18:50,400 --> 00:18:54,680 Speaker 1: Around the time in the Victorian era, our buddy Charles Goodyear, 307 00:18:55,080 --> 00:18:59,640 Speaker 1: who later would been associated with tires. 308 00:19:00,359 --> 00:19:02,320 Speaker 2: Yes, well, we. 309 00:19:02,240 --> 00:19:06,040 Speaker 4: Did an episode that research associated Jeff uh prepared for 310 00:19:06,160 --> 00:19:09,639 Speaker 4: us about the history of the Goodyear Tire Company, the 311 00:19:09,640 --> 00:19:15,800 Speaker 4: Goodyear Blimp and their weird staypuffed marshmallow tire man mascot Babendum, 312 00:19:16,520 --> 00:19:18,040 Speaker 4: who was for some. 313 00:19:17,960 --> 00:19:21,360 Speaker 1: Reason originally an unhinged alcohol totally. 314 00:19:21,480 --> 00:19:23,920 Speaker 4: Yeah, I think, which was smoking in some of those 315 00:19:24,280 --> 00:19:29,440 Speaker 4: Maybe I'm no, you're a base he because he's Bibendi. 316 00:19:30,600 --> 00:19:32,520 Speaker 2: Yeah, he's Babendi. Uh. 317 00:19:32,600 --> 00:19:36,840 Speaker 1: This is because Charles Goodyear is the guy credited with 318 00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:42,040 Speaker 1: discovering the process of vulcanization, which makes rubber more elastic 319 00:19:42,200 --> 00:19:45,960 Speaker 1: and pliobndy if yeah, yeah, babendi, if you treat it 320 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:48,919 Speaker 1: with heat and sulfur, and this means that now you 321 00:19:48,960 --> 00:19:53,840 Speaker 1: can mold rubber into a variety of shapes. It makes 322 00:19:53,840 --> 00:19:57,160 Speaker 1: it more ductile, right, it means it won't snap when 323 00:19:57,160 --> 00:20:01,640 Speaker 1: you bebend it, especially in cold temperature, and so immediately 324 00:20:01,840 --> 00:20:04,760 Speaker 1: people attempt to capitalize on this, and they say, why 325 00:20:04,800 --> 00:20:08,520 Speaker 1: don't we make rubber underwear, why don't we make rubber corsets. 326 00:20:08,600 --> 00:20:11,480 Speaker 1: Now we know the internet is crazy, that's still. 327 00:20:11,240 --> 00:20:13,000 Speaker 3: Absolutely certain circles. 328 00:20:14,040 --> 00:20:18,080 Speaker 4: They are often referred to as kinky potties, and that's okay, 329 00:20:18,200 --> 00:20:20,399 Speaker 4: I'm not whatever, not kink shaming at all. It is 330 00:20:20,480 --> 00:20:23,919 Speaker 4: very much a subculture BDSM whatever you want to call it, 331 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:26,600 Speaker 4: these types of share yeah, and also club culture and 332 00:20:27,160 --> 00:20:31,040 Speaker 4: very much a fashion choice. But not many people necessarily 333 00:20:31,040 --> 00:20:34,000 Speaker 4: wearing them for health reasons anymore. 334 00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:37,480 Speaker 1: Right right, right, yeah, And of course we're not gonna 335 00:20:37,520 --> 00:20:39,760 Speaker 1: yuck a yum. We are going to tell you that 336 00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:44,280 Speaker 1: the first rubber undergarments were not for any sort of 337 00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:50,520 Speaker 1: admitive or romantic pursuit. They were a diet craze because 338 00:20:50,560 --> 00:20:54,040 Speaker 1: the thought was, okay, they were kind of like spanks. 339 00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:59,800 Speaker 1: They would smooth out your excess body silhouette. But they 340 00:21:00,080 --> 00:21:03,640 Speaker 1: would also and this was seen as a big like 341 00:21:03,800 --> 00:21:07,399 Speaker 1: a big plus a value add this would make you 342 00:21:07,680 --> 00:21:11,359 Speaker 1: sweat your keyst off. And the idea was that you 343 00:21:11,560 --> 00:21:16,000 Speaker 1: sweat just like you're walking around in Atlanta's heat. You 344 00:21:16,040 --> 00:21:20,679 Speaker 1: would lose water weight. As we said, the pickle of 345 00:21:20,720 --> 00:21:24,000 Speaker 1: it is water weight is temporary. 346 00:21:24,160 --> 00:21:27,119 Speaker 4: Yeah, I mean, can you imagine the smell of those 347 00:21:27,920 --> 00:21:30,240 Speaker 4: sweated rubber garments? 348 00:21:30,760 --> 00:21:32,399 Speaker 2: Oh my gosh, who was not good? 349 00:21:32,520 --> 00:21:32,680 Speaker 3: Right? 350 00:21:33,119 --> 00:21:34,880 Speaker 4: You know what it makes me think of immediately when 351 00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:38,720 Speaker 4: I think of sweaty rubber garments is the original Batman 352 00:21:38,800 --> 00:21:40,560 Speaker 4: movie when he's walking through all those. 353 00:21:40,400 --> 00:21:44,280 Speaker 3: Flames in that clearly very rubber suit. 354 00:21:44,680 --> 00:21:47,400 Speaker 4: I mean he must have had what Wren describes here 355 00:21:47,680 --> 00:21:49,760 Speaker 4: as a full body swamp ass. 356 00:21:50,760 --> 00:21:50,960 Speaker 2: Yeah. 357 00:21:51,040 --> 00:21:54,000 Speaker 1: And the thing that, look, let's take some time as 358 00:21:54,080 --> 00:21:57,240 Speaker 1: fans of film, we're cinophiles, like folks, we hope you 359 00:21:57,280 --> 00:22:00,919 Speaker 1: are too. The biggest plot hole is and the Keaton 360 00:22:01,119 --> 00:22:05,400 Speaker 1: Batman franchise is that he cannot. 361 00:22:05,040 --> 00:22:08,920 Speaker 3: Turn his head. He had to turn his hole. Yeah, 362 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:12,480 Speaker 3: he had to full torso pivot. Yeah. 363 00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:14,840 Speaker 4: And did you know that he was wearing like nikes 364 00:22:15,080 --> 00:22:17,760 Speaker 4: that those are special custom Nikes And if you look 365 00:22:18,160 --> 00:22:21,960 Speaker 4: at the screen used version of the suit, they're like 366 00:22:22,160 --> 00:22:26,720 Speaker 4: kind of you know, bespoke nikes, much like the auto lacing. 367 00:22:26,320 --> 00:22:30,120 Speaker 3: Shoes and Back to the Future too. Mm hmmmmm. 368 00:22:30,600 --> 00:22:31,639 Speaker 2: Nailed it. Uh. 369 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:34,679 Speaker 1: Well, let's let's say this right. So we've explored the 370 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:38,119 Speaker 1: idea of eliminating sugar, which actually does have some sand 371 00:22:38,160 --> 00:22:42,920 Speaker 1: to it. We've explored the faustian dangerous bargain of outsourcing 372 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:46,480 Speaker 1: weight loss to parasites. We've talked about getting some gear 373 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 1: on you. But let's talk about this. What if you 374 00:22:50,840 --> 00:22:56,480 Speaker 1: take a queue from the health reformer Horace Fletcher, and 375 00:22:56,520 --> 00:23:00,960 Speaker 1: you say, ABC, we're not quoting Glenn Garrett Glynn Ross here, 376 00:23:01,720 --> 00:23:05,280 Speaker 1: not always be clothesy, always be chewing. 377 00:23:05,359 --> 00:23:06,639 Speaker 3: Yeah, I love this nickname. 378 00:23:06,760 --> 00:23:08,639 Speaker 4: This guy should have been a King of France or 379 00:23:08,680 --> 00:23:13,440 Speaker 4: something known as the Great Masticator, which means the great 380 00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:18,240 Speaker 4: chewer masticating. It's a great word. Horace Fletcher, like you said, 381 00:23:18,680 --> 00:23:22,600 Speaker 4: he was all about chewing. He thought that swallowing food 382 00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:26,200 Speaker 4: before it had been completely liquefied into some sort of 383 00:23:26,240 --> 00:23:31,280 Speaker 4: like slurry could result in poor health consequences, including obesity. 384 00:23:31,480 --> 00:23:35,640 Speaker 4: According to a fabulous podcast from Science History Institute, I'm 385 00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:37,360 Speaker 4: just gonna go ahead and quote what Wren pulled out 386 00:23:37,359 --> 00:23:39,840 Speaker 4: of this episode, but do check out their podcast. A 387 00:23:39,840 --> 00:23:43,080 Speaker 4: mouthful of bread might take a few dozen shoes to liquify, 388 00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:46,400 Speaker 4: but once with a green onion, it took Fletcher seven 389 00:23:46,520 --> 00:23:50,080 Speaker 4: hundred and twenty two shoes before he let himself swallow. 390 00:23:50,080 --> 00:23:51,600 Speaker 3: How many licks does it take to get to the 391 00:23:51,640 --> 00:23:53,639 Speaker 3: tutsiro center of a tutzerral pop? 392 00:23:54,640 --> 00:23:56,160 Speaker 2: It depends on how you want your poop. 393 00:23:56,240 --> 00:23:58,960 Speaker 4: Also true that they should have used that for the 394 00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,960 Speaker 4: ad campaign. One shoe per second, which is twelve straight 395 00:24:03,080 --> 00:24:05,480 Speaker 4: minutes of chewing or masticating. 396 00:24:06,520 --> 00:24:11,480 Speaker 1: Here's one for everybody with miss a photo. No, no, yeah, 397 00:24:11,520 --> 00:24:13,639 Speaker 1: we're not gonna do all twelve. We're not gonna do 398 00:24:13,720 --> 00:24:18,560 Speaker 1: seven two. Actually, I gotten a healthy conversation on a 399 00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:23,480 Speaker 1: plane about someone who refused to chew like a person anyway. 400 00:24:23,600 --> 00:24:29,600 Speaker 1: Obviously Fletcher bit myopic. He was too obsessed, right, Yeah, 401 00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:34,280 Speaker 1: bit pro chew. And he is very high fluting, very 402 00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:39,840 Speaker 1: dignified and proud about the results of his ingestion process. 403 00:24:40,359 --> 00:24:42,840 Speaker 1: He's a poop, goes into it, he says, shows it off. Yeah, 404 00:24:42,880 --> 00:24:45,919 Speaker 1: he parties. Yeah, he shows it off at parties. That 405 00:24:46,080 --> 00:24:50,639 Speaker 1: is a true story, folks. He also says, look, where's 406 00:24:50,640 --> 00:24:54,240 Speaker 1: the poop. My poop is the best evidence that my 407 00:24:54,520 --> 00:24:57,800 Speaker 1: diet is super efficient. I'm getting all the nutrients out 408 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:01,600 Speaker 1: of it. And he mailed again a true tale. He 409 00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:05,919 Speaker 1: mailed a physiologist at Yale a box of his own 410 00:25:06,080 --> 00:25:11,000 Speaker 1: poop in hopes of proving his diet was a success. Now, 411 00:25:11,040 --> 00:25:14,960 Speaker 1: if we have a physiologist in the audience tonight, I 412 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,560 Speaker 1: know we have several. You guys know when this didn't work, right? 413 00:25:18,680 --> 00:25:20,680 Speaker 1: We know you shouldn't just mail your mind. 414 00:25:20,760 --> 00:25:21,640 Speaker 3: No, you shouldn't. 415 00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:24,400 Speaker 2: You need to be asked before you mail. 416 00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:27,159 Speaker 4: That sounds like something Jared Leto would do, like as 417 00:25:27,240 --> 00:25:30,320 Speaker 4: a method acting, you know, technique in one of his 418 00:25:30,760 --> 00:25:35,480 Speaker 4: joker roles. Ben, are you familiar with this this German 419 00:25:36,200 --> 00:25:39,440 Speaker 4: design feature known as the flash spooler? 420 00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:41,720 Speaker 2: Yes, yeah, the poop proof. 421 00:25:42,520 --> 00:25:45,840 Speaker 4: It's apparently a little bit of an antiquated design, but 422 00:25:45,920 --> 00:25:48,439 Speaker 4: it can still be found in a lot of German bathrooms. 423 00:25:48,480 --> 00:25:51,800 Speaker 4: The function of the flash spooler, which translates roughly to 424 00:25:51,880 --> 00:25:57,280 Speaker 4: shallow flusher, is to prevent splashage, but also to give 425 00:25:57,480 --> 00:26:01,359 Speaker 4: a perfect little spot that might give you know, the 426 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 4: excretor the opportunity to examine their stool. I think that 427 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:06,720 Speaker 4: our boy here would have been a big fan of 428 00:26:06,760 --> 00:26:08,040 Speaker 4: the flash spooler. 429 00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:09,600 Speaker 2: Of course. Yeah. 430 00:26:09,760 --> 00:26:14,199 Speaker 1: I remember the first few times I saw it, I 431 00:26:14,320 --> 00:26:16,800 Speaker 1: was mystified, but I thought it was a win in 432 00:26:16,920 --> 00:26:20,480 Speaker 1: rome situation, and you know, what am I going to 433 00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:22,880 Speaker 1: call the front desk and tell them to change their 434 00:26:22,960 --> 00:26:24,840 Speaker 1: culture change? 435 00:26:25,280 --> 00:26:28,360 Speaker 4: I think what we've both expressed our pro bidet stance. 436 00:26:28,520 --> 00:26:31,280 Speaker 4: And one thing, when we were traveling in the Middle East, 437 00:26:31,320 --> 00:26:33,239 Speaker 4: I noticed that is not the case in any other 438 00:26:33,359 --> 00:26:36,239 Speaker 4: country that I've ever been to, including Europe, where you'd 439 00:26:36,240 --> 00:26:39,480 Speaker 4: think it'd be a thing, But days in every public toilet, 440 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:42,200 Speaker 4: but like handheld ones that are like attached to the 441 00:26:42,280 --> 00:26:45,240 Speaker 4: wall like a little little sprayer sprayer. 442 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:51,080 Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, yeah, one hundred percent. This is part of 443 00:26:51,320 --> 00:26:57,040 Speaker 1: the great conversation right about cleanliness, about fat diets, about 444 00:26:57,040 --> 00:27:01,680 Speaker 1: efficiency of the human body. If we fast forward to 445 00:27:01,680 --> 00:27:06,280 Speaker 1: today's society, will see that there is a proliferation of 446 00:27:06,600 --> 00:27:11,679 Speaker 1: what we'll call over the counter or OTC weight loss medications, 447 00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:17,400 Speaker 1: not all created equally. Some have dubious claims, some are older, 448 00:27:18,520 --> 00:27:24,440 Speaker 1: some are basically amphetamines, and some are newly rolled out 449 00:27:24,520 --> 00:27:28,680 Speaker 1: things like what we call GLP once the most famous 450 00:27:28,720 --> 00:27:30,320 Speaker 1: of which would be ozembic. 451 00:27:30,600 --> 00:27:31,320 Speaker 3: Yeah for sure. 452 00:27:31,359 --> 00:27:33,400 Speaker 4: I mean it's a medication that has kind of been 453 00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:36,600 Speaker 4: repurposed to great effects and success for a lot of folks, 454 00:27:36,680 --> 00:27:39,120 Speaker 4: So no judgment there at all. I think it's kind 455 00:27:39,119 --> 00:27:41,680 Speaker 4: of a little bit odd the way culture is sort 456 00:27:41,680 --> 00:27:44,000 Speaker 4: of like poo pooing it when it's very much it 457 00:27:44,040 --> 00:27:47,560 Speaker 4: helps people, myself included. I've absolutely taken these in the 458 00:27:47,560 --> 00:27:49,240 Speaker 4: past and it helped me kind of get rid of 459 00:27:49,240 --> 00:27:51,040 Speaker 4: some of that food noise, which is the thing people 460 00:27:51,080 --> 00:27:53,280 Speaker 4: talk about that I've always struggled with some you know, 461 00:27:53,480 --> 00:27:56,240 Speaker 4: super positive about people using it correctly. The thing about 462 00:27:56,280 --> 00:27:59,240 Speaker 4: it is, though it's not a miracle drug. You while 463 00:27:59,280 --> 00:28:01,159 Speaker 4: some people do and I don't think this is the 464 00:28:01,240 --> 00:28:03,920 Speaker 4: right move, you really shouldn't just rely on it and 465 00:28:04,040 --> 00:28:06,119 Speaker 4: it alone. You really should pair it with like a 466 00:28:06,200 --> 00:28:09,399 Speaker 4: change in your diet, a change in your exercise regimens, 467 00:28:09,600 --> 00:28:12,240 Speaker 4: that whole lifestyle thing that we talked about, in order 468 00:28:12,280 --> 00:28:15,080 Speaker 4: to make sure that the weight stays off and to 469 00:28:15,160 --> 00:28:17,119 Speaker 4: help promote kind of healthy habits. 470 00:28:17,600 --> 00:28:24,000 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's not uncommon for one medication or substance to 471 00:28:24,080 --> 00:28:31,200 Speaker 1: be initially deployed for one condition and then to be monetized. 472 00:28:30,560 --> 00:28:32,160 Speaker 3: For different conditions off label. 473 00:28:32,160 --> 00:28:34,240 Speaker 2: Things sometimes off label. 474 00:28:34,320 --> 00:28:37,640 Speaker 1: Yeah, just so, I'm thinking, for instance, about the discovery 475 00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:43,120 Speaker 1: of viagra right, which is now most popularly known as 476 00:28:43,280 --> 00:28:45,320 Speaker 1: an erectile dysfunction medical it was. 477 00:28:45,360 --> 00:28:47,160 Speaker 3: Originally I don't think I know about this, Ben. 478 00:28:47,280 --> 00:28:51,480 Speaker 1: Yeah, I believe originally it was meant to address things 479 00:28:51,640 --> 00:28:54,560 Speaker 1: like hypertension. 480 00:28:54,200 --> 00:28:56,720 Speaker 3: Got it so, circulatory issues. 481 00:28:57,320 --> 00:29:00,360 Speaker 1: And then we must imagine, we're just ridiculous hit history 482 00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:05,280 Speaker 1: cinematic here. We must imagine that moment in a study 483 00:29:05,600 --> 00:29:12,440 Speaker 1: where all these heart patients were like, no, I'm great, yeah, 484 00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:13,680 Speaker 1: exactly what are you doing? 485 00:29:13,960 --> 00:29:16,720 Speaker 3: What is it a priapism? 486 00:29:17,320 --> 00:29:20,640 Speaker 2: Yes, yes, the two messens that continues to. 487 00:29:20,840 --> 00:29:21,600 Speaker 3: Yeah that's right. 488 00:29:21,680 --> 00:29:24,120 Speaker 4: Yeah, well in this case since it's a desired effect, 489 00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:32,600 Speaker 4: but absolutely true, Ben. This was also the case with 490 00:29:32,640 --> 00:29:35,520 Speaker 4: a lot of other kinds of drugs, like you said, Ben, 491 00:29:35,560 --> 00:29:40,720 Speaker 4: including some that were extremely addictive like methamphetamine, some that 492 00:29:40,760 --> 00:29:43,680 Speaker 4: were toxic, and in some cases, some that would outright 493 00:29:43,840 --> 00:29:44,280 Speaker 4: kill you. 494 00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:46,880 Speaker 3: This is in the thirties and through the sixties, by the. 495 00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:51,640 Speaker 1: Way, Yeah, yeah, absolutely so. GLP ones originally were supposed 496 00:29:51,640 --> 00:29:54,680 Speaker 1: to treat obesity and diabetes, and now they've entered their 497 00:29:54,720 --> 00:29:59,800 Speaker 1: second act. Back in the earlier days. Oh gosh, we 498 00:29:59,880 --> 00:30:03,360 Speaker 1: have a discussion about this on our sister show Stuff. 499 00:30:03,400 --> 00:30:06,160 Speaker 1: They don't want you to know how the Russians would 500 00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:09,800 Speaker 1: give heat pills to people that would keep you awake, 501 00:30:09,920 --> 00:30:12,719 Speaker 1: but if you took too many for too long they 502 00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:19,959 Speaker 1: would literally cook you anyway. Yeah, denotrophan, all amphetamine, rainbow pills, 503 00:30:20,840 --> 00:30:24,600 Speaker 1: these things were they were finding their true north of 504 00:30:24,840 --> 00:30:29,720 Speaker 1: use and abuse. Denotrophenol in specific was used to make 505 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:35,080 Speaker 1: explosives during World War Two, and in nineteen thirty four, 506 00:30:35,320 --> 00:30:38,720 Speaker 1: after World War Two, it was sold as a weight 507 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:44,800 Speaker 1: loss drug. Even pharmacologist at Stanford approved this. And all 508 00:30:44,880 --> 00:30:49,080 Speaker 1: this stuff did when you consumed it was to kick 509 00:30:49,280 --> 00:30:53,680 Speaker 1: your metabolism into overdrive, sort of like if you're listening 510 00:30:53,720 --> 00:30:56,760 Speaker 1: to a podcast played at regular speed and then you 511 00:30:56,840 --> 00:30:59,360 Speaker 1: hit that two X button. That's what it did to 512 00:30:59,400 --> 00:31:04,479 Speaker 1: people's tabitalisms. There were aggressive side effects excessive sweating, that 513 00:31:04,520 --> 00:31:08,160 Speaker 1: makes sense, right, increased body temperature, sure, but there were 514 00:31:08,200 --> 00:31:10,240 Speaker 1: other things like cataracts. 515 00:31:10,600 --> 00:31:12,760 Speaker 4: Can I also just double back really quickly on the 516 00:31:12,800 --> 00:31:16,280 Speaker 4: GLP one discussion. It does feel that there's some similarities 517 00:31:16,320 --> 00:31:19,040 Speaker 4: in the way that's been so broadly rolled out and 518 00:31:19,080 --> 00:31:23,040 Speaker 4: like so widely used, and perhaps not enough attention paid 519 00:31:23,080 --> 00:31:26,960 Speaker 4: on any potential long term knock on consequences. I just 520 00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:29,480 Speaker 4: want to point that out. It is absolutely a personal choice. 521 00:31:29,480 --> 00:31:31,760 Speaker 4: I'm not saying anyone should do that, and there are 522 00:31:32,400 --> 00:31:36,120 Speaker 4: perhaps things to weigh because as we know, you know, 523 00:31:36,640 --> 00:31:39,440 Speaker 4: money rules everything, and the moment people figured out they 524 00:31:39,440 --> 00:31:41,320 Speaker 4: could make a load of money, you know, selling that 525 00:31:41,400 --> 00:31:44,960 Speaker 4: for weight loss, that's exactly what happened. I do feel 526 00:31:44,960 --> 00:31:47,720 Speaker 4: like there might come a time where some research says. 527 00:31:47,520 --> 00:31:49,600 Speaker 3: Ooh, maybe that wasn't the best thing for you. 528 00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:53,480 Speaker 1: So just throwing that out there, smart point and well made, 529 00:31:53,600 --> 00:31:59,320 Speaker 1: well put, because there aren't really longitudinal studies available yet, 530 00:31:59,400 --> 00:32:01,640 Speaker 1: we've got a way a few decades. It reminds me 531 00:32:01,760 --> 00:32:05,560 Speaker 1: of the shoe stores. This might be a little old 532 00:32:05,640 --> 00:32:07,280 Speaker 1: for a lot of us, but I remember when the 533 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:12,120 Speaker 1: shoe stores would have X ray novelty devices to help 534 00:32:12,160 --> 00:32:14,560 Speaker 1: you figure out your shoe size. Yeah, a lot of 535 00:32:14,600 --> 00:32:15,840 Speaker 1: people got cancer. 536 00:32:15,960 --> 00:32:19,320 Speaker 3: No way, I'm not laughing. I didn't know that was 537 00:32:19,360 --> 00:32:22,560 Speaker 3: a thing. And that is That is man, that's messed up. 538 00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:23,840 Speaker 2: I'll tell you. 539 00:32:24,240 --> 00:32:27,120 Speaker 1: Here's another one that I think we both I don't 540 00:32:27,160 --> 00:32:29,680 Speaker 1: want to call it shadenfreud, but I think it fascinates 541 00:32:29,680 --> 00:32:36,320 Speaker 1: both of us that amphetamines were originally marketed as nasal decongestants. 542 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:38,880 Speaker 2: That's how they came out. That is an energy thing. 543 00:32:39,080 --> 00:32:42,080 Speaker 1: Just if you got a snuffy nose, what's that word 544 00:32:42,160 --> 00:32:44,240 Speaker 1: you taught me in English insulsult fate. 545 00:32:44,400 --> 00:32:47,680 Speaker 4: Yeah, for insul fate, I believe is the word for 546 00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:52,800 Speaker 4: consuming things nasally. But also, if I'm not mistaken, the 547 00:32:52,840 --> 00:32:56,280 Speaker 4: active ingredient and methamphetamine and the reason that they're kept 548 00:32:56,320 --> 00:32:59,560 Speaker 4: behind glass now and you have to show an ID 549 00:32:59,680 --> 00:33:02,320 Speaker 4: to get it are certain cold medicines. So obviously that 550 00:33:02,440 --> 00:33:04,920 Speaker 4: was an active ingredient, you know, in the first place, 551 00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:06,400 Speaker 4: I'm just conjecturing there. 552 00:33:06,800 --> 00:33:07,400 Speaker 3: I'm pretty sure that. 553 00:33:07,440 --> 00:33:09,760 Speaker 2: Must be the right, like not non confederate. I think 554 00:33:09,800 --> 00:33:11,960 Speaker 2: that's something like that. Yeah. 555 00:33:12,200 --> 00:33:15,800 Speaker 1: So first it comes out as a thing where people 556 00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:17,880 Speaker 1: are saying, are you tired. 557 00:33:17,600 --> 00:33:19,440 Speaker 3: Of these snuffy knows? 558 00:33:20,080 --> 00:33:24,200 Speaker 2: Don't feel snuffing cocate hour? Yeah, exactly, change aw ve 559 00:33:24,800 --> 00:33:27,480 Speaker 2: custom method better means a cleaner nose for. 560 00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:28,360 Speaker 3: A cleaner world. 561 00:33:29,880 --> 00:33:35,120 Speaker 4: Also with cocaine, Also with cocaine all over the counter. 562 00:33:35,600 --> 00:33:37,080 Speaker 3: Percent Yeah, I mean that's true. 563 00:33:37,080 --> 00:33:40,800 Speaker 4: Cocaine was over the counter, and as we know earliest recipes, 564 00:33:40,840 --> 00:33:42,880 Speaker 4: this is not a myth. If I'm not mistaken, of 565 00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:45,920 Speaker 4: coca cola did contain small amounts of cocaine. 566 00:33:46,440 --> 00:33:49,200 Speaker 1: Dylan says, a lot of these sound dangerous. I think 567 00:33:49,240 --> 00:33:52,440 Speaker 1: I'll stick to good old laudanum. There you go, are 568 00:33:52,480 --> 00:33:54,080 Speaker 1: your children talking back? 569 00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:54,640 Speaker 3: Oh? 570 00:33:54,720 --> 00:33:58,960 Speaker 2: Your children awake at all? That was chan saw Fagan's laudanum. 571 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:01,440 Speaker 3: I'm more of an ether guy myself was preferring to 572 00:34:01,480 --> 00:34:02,400 Speaker 3: just huff it from. 573 00:34:02,200 --> 00:34:04,920 Speaker 2: A rag, you know, yeah, like a real American. 574 00:34:06,240 --> 00:34:12,480 Speaker 1: Anyway, this amphetterine thing, obviously similar to these other stories, 575 00:34:13,960 --> 00:34:18,000 Speaker 1: the market finds other uses for it. It is distributed 576 00:34:18,080 --> 00:34:22,279 Speaker 1: to troops multiple sides of World War Two, and the 577 00:34:22,360 --> 00:34:27,719 Speaker 1: idea is we can keep the fighting forces running longer, 578 00:34:28,280 --> 00:34:34,840 Speaker 1: consuming fewer food resources. And after the war people discovered 579 00:34:34,960 --> 00:34:40,960 Speaker 1: this also, you know, provably suppresses appetite, so it becomes 580 00:34:40,960 --> 00:34:45,000 Speaker 1: something like rolling stones, mother's little helper. It's a popular 581 00:34:45,040 --> 00:34:51,399 Speaker 1: weight loss drug, particularly among the housewives in the West, who, 582 00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:55,480 Speaker 1: many of whom have have met a kind of agency, 583 00:34:55,600 --> 00:34:58,680 Speaker 1: being allowed into the workplace for the first time, and 584 00:34:58,719 --> 00:35:01,760 Speaker 1: now they're being forced back into these domestic roles. 585 00:35:02,160 --> 00:35:06,759 Speaker 4: Yeah, Poppin' bennies, Bens of drains, dexadrins, little blues and 586 00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:08,719 Speaker 4: reds or whatever they used to call them. And these 587 00:35:08,760 --> 00:35:11,839 Speaker 4: continue to be popular. What's the word I'm looking for, 588 00:35:12,000 --> 00:35:17,160 Speaker 4: recreational pharmaceuticals into the like you know, counterculture scene, the. 589 00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:20,560 Speaker 3: Hippie kind of scene. Amphetamines, however, are really really bad 590 00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:21,040 Speaker 3: for you. 591 00:35:21,160 --> 00:35:23,560 Speaker 2: Yes, it turns out, Yeah, it turns out. 592 00:35:23,920 --> 00:35:29,320 Speaker 4: There's turns out is important and causes lack of it 593 00:35:29,440 --> 00:35:32,960 Speaker 4: alone causes bad things to happen in the brain and 594 00:35:33,040 --> 00:35:33,480 Speaker 4: the body. 595 00:35:33,840 --> 00:35:38,400 Speaker 1: It's also nice to not have compulsive behaviors paranoia, and 596 00:35:38,440 --> 00:35:40,959 Speaker 1: it's sort of like not the flex But it's cool 597 00:35:41,000 --> 00:35:42,759 Speaker 1: to have as many of your teeth as you can. 598 00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:46,640 Speaker 1: It certainly is it kind of is. So there are 599 00:35:47,200 --> 00:35:51,840 Speaker 1: side effects like you described. No, especially after long term 600 00:35:52,000 --> 00:35:59,120 Speaker 1: or prevalent use. These sorts of substances can induce sollucinations, 601 00:35:59,200 --> 00:36:06,759 Speaker 1: chronic noz constipation, vomiting, manic, real, real dangerous cognitive behavior. 602 00:36:07,280 --> 00:36:11,240 Speaker 1: But doctors didn't know that because they didn't have those 603 00:36:11,400 --> 00:36:15,759 Speaker 1: longitudinal studies just yet. So this is the rise of 604 00:36:16,080 --> 00:36:18,840 Speaker 1: what we loosely could call rainbow pills. 605 00:36:19,080 --> 00:36:21,319 Speaker 2: Everything you described. 606 00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:24,080 Speaker 3: That little vitamins in there. We find some supplements. 607 00:36:24,320 --> 00:36:28,960 Speaker 4: No, we're talking amphetamines, mainly sedatives, diuretics which I believe 608 00:36:28,960 --> 00:36:30,840 Speaker 4: doesn't that make you poop or make you pee? Sorry, 609 00:36:30,840 --> 00:36:33,879 Speaker 4: it makes you pee diuretics, yeah, and thyroid hormones. 610 00:36:34,719 --> 00:36:38,080 Speaker 3: In addition to taking other pills and supplements, right. 611 00:36:38,280 --> 00:36:42,960 Speaker 1: Yeah, And it wasn't until nineteen sixty eight that the 612 00:36:43,000 --> 00:36:49,200 Speaker 1: pendulum began to swing back. A journalist medical professionals started 613 00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:55,800 Speaker 1: noticing there were troubling things at play. One investigative reporter, 614 00:36:56,040 --> 00:37:00,560 Speaker 1: noted in history dot com, went to ten obesity clinics 615 00:37:01,080 --> 00:37:04,960 Speaker 1: and was posing as a patient. They were given more 616 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:09,920 Speaker 1: than fifteen hundred things that would qualify as rainbow pills. 617 00:37:10,520 --> 00:37:15,120 Speaker 1: This leads to nineteen seventy a guy named Richard Nixon, 618 00:37:15,360 --> 00:37:18,280 Speaker 1: who is famous for being kind of a pill himself, 619 00:37:18,360 --> 00:37:22,120 Speaker 1: but also yeah, yeah, yeah, a bit of a tricky one. 620 00:37:21,920 --> 00:37:27,320 Speaker 1: He passed the Controlled Substances Act, a very imperfect act, 621 00:37:27,480 --> 00:37:30,400 Speaker 1: part of a very imperfect thing called the War on Drugs. 622 00:37:30,600 --> 00:37:32,040 Speaker 3: Kicked it right on off, didn't he? 623 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:37,160 Speaker 1: He sure did, man. This reclassified everybody's favorite little helpers 624 00:37:37,400 --> 00:37:41,399 Speaker 1: as scheduled to controlled substances, which made it much more 625 00:37:41,640 --> 00:37:44,120 Speaker 1: difficult for doctors to prescribe them. 626 00:37:44,320 --> 00:37:44,640 Speaker 2: Willie. 627 00:37:44,920 --> 00:37:47,240 Speaker 3: One could argue, this is maybe a positive part. 628 00:37:47,120 --> 00:37:49,640 Speaker 2: Of this is like, what are the positive parts? Yeah? 629 00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:53,360 Speaker 4: I think that's true, But you did still have these 630 00:37:53,440 --> 00:37:58,440 Speaker 4: boutique clinics, these like, I don't know, kind of what 631 00:37:58,480 --> 00:38:01,560 Speaker 4: you might call today these medspots, right, but you yeah, 632 00:38:01,600 --> 00:38:05,120 Speaker 4: you had back then these you know, weight loss clinics 633 00:38:05,160 --> 00:38:08,080 Speaker 4: where you would maybe have a specialty, a specialized doctor 634 00:38:08,239 --> 00:38:11,200 Speaker 4: who was able to kind of loophole his way into 635 00:38:11,239 --> 00:38:15,160 Speaker 4: prescribing you the you know, the go go pills in 636 00:38:15,200 --> 00:38:20,680 Speaker 4: addition to other supplements, perhaps regiments of exercise. A lot 637 00:38:20,680 --> 00:38:24,120 Speaker 4: of these quack kind of like machines like that would 638 00:38:24,160 --> 00:38:25,759 Speaker 4: like rub. 639 00:38:25,520 --> 00:38:27,360 Speaker 3: The chub off of you. You know, I'm talking about 640 00:38:28,000 --> 00:38:28,800 Speaker 3: belts or whatever. 641 00:38:28,800 --> 00:38:31,879 Speaker 2: I think of the belt too that just goes back 642 00:38:31,880 --> 00:38:32,320 Speaker 2: and forth. 643 00:38:33,480 --> 00:38:37,680 Speaker 1: Uh. Combine that with the electro shock vest that would 644 00:38:37,719 --> 00:38:41,160 Speaker 1: just sort of shock your muscles into contracting. And you 645 00:38:41,280 --> 00:38:42,160 Speaker 1: never heard about those. 646 00:38:42,960 --> 00:38:45,479 Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, for sure. So we'd have things like that. 647 00:38:46,440 --> 00:38:48,800 Speaker 4: Wren also points out, and it has an excellent picture 648 00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:51,239 Speaker 4: of these kind of rolling pin machines that. 649 00:38:51,200 --> 00:38:53,360 Speaker 3: Would like squeeze your body. 650 00:38:54,760 --> 00:38:57,280 Speaker 2: Just I don't think that would just roll around. 651 00:38:57,000 --> 00:38:58,920 Speaker 3: It was not the way. This is not the way. 652 00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:04,480 Speaker 1: It's it's not the way for efficacious medical results. But 653 00:39:04,600 --> 00:39:08,520 Speaker 1: the Cetastasia and Me says it would feel nice along 654 00:39:08,560 --> 00:39:11,879 Speaker 1: your back or body if depending on the pressure right 655 00:39:11,960 --> 00:39:16,240 Speaker 1: the PSI. But yeah, this is this is just another 656 00:39:16,280 --> 00:39:19,279 Speaker 1: case we have so much more to get to master cleanses. 657 00:39:19,360 --> 00:39:20,560 Speaker 1: We haven't even gotten to. 658 00:39:20,640 --> 00:39:26,439 Speaker 4: That cleanses, juice cleanses with the idea of detoxing, which 659 00:39:26,480 --> 00:39:29,440 Speaker 4: I think to this is still a bit people look 660 00:39:29,480 --> 00:39:31,960 Speaker 4: askance at this idea of because the thing about this 661 00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:35,319 Speaker 4: is a lot of these holistic type remedies, they are 662 00:39:35,560 --> 00:39:38,759 Speaker 4: positive and they are sort of a way to just 663 00:39:39,040 --> 00:39:44,280 Speaker 4: encourage more full body, you know, nutrition and thinking about 664 00:39:44,320 --> 00:39:47,200 Speaker 4: making better choices, eating less processed foods, et cetera. But 665 00:39:47,239 --> 00:39:49,400 Speaker 4: once it's really easy though, for it to kind of 666 00:39:49,400 --> 00:39:52,879 Speaker 4: spiral into the realm of quackery with even the best 667 00:39:52,920 --> 00:39:54,320 Speaker 4: of intentions. 668 00:39:53,880 --> 00:39:56,879 Speaker 1: Right right, A lot of this stuff, if you take 669 00:39:56,920 --> 00:40:04,120 Speaker 1: out the sorcery of not fully understood medical substances, the 670 00:40:04,160 --> 00:40:07,600 Speaker 1: answer is almost always going to be as you said, lifestyle. 671 00:40:08,120 --> 00:40:13,840 Speaker 1: I would add calorie deficit right, maintaining that and finding 672 00:40:13,880 --> 00:40:18,080 Speaker 1: a place that supports your good choices and reinforces them. 673 00:40:19,000 --> 00:40:22,520 Speaker 1: I think we've got to hit so many more fad diets, 674 00:40:22,560 --> 00:40:26,600 Speaker 1: as our power ren Fest points out Beverly Hills diet, 675 00:40:26,680 --> 00:40:30,720 Speaker 1: military diet. We mentioned keto and ketosis is an interesting 676 00:40:30,719 --> 00:40:32,320 Speaker 1: South Beach. 677 00:40:31,680 --> 00:40:32,719 Speaker 3: Was a big popular one. 678 00:40:32,840 --> 00:40:37,480 Speaker 2: South Beach nutri system all the hits. We'll get to 679 00:40:37,520 --> 00:40:38,040 Speaker 2: them soon. 680 00:40:38,480 --> 00:40:41,600 Speaker 4: Weight Watchers is still very much a thing, very much mother. 681 00:40:41,760 --> 00:40:45,359 Speaker 4: It's old school. My godmother attends wait Watchers in New 682 00:40:45,440 --> 00:40:48,160 Speaker 4: York City. And I will just say too, like, if 683 00:40:48,160 --> 00:40:50,560 Speaker 4: you're looking to make a tiny change, you know, diet 684 00:40:50,600 --> 00:40:53,680 Speaker 4: and exercise, I swear cutting out sugar, like not putting 685 00:40:53,719 --> 00:40:57,680 Speaker 4: sugar in my coffee and cutting out alcohol or drinking 686 00:40:57,680 --> 00:40:58,800 Speaker 4: a whole lot less alcohol. 687 00:40:59,680 --> 00:41:01,400 Speaker 3: That'll game changing. 688 00:41:01,600 --> 00:41:02,520 Speaker 2: It makes a difference. 689 00:41:02,560 --> 00:41:06,200 Speaker 1: Again, check out the episode on Big Sugar for stuff 690 00:41:06,239 --> 00:41:07,239 Speaker 1: they don't want you to know. 691 00:41:07,560 --> 00:41:08,319 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's a. 692 00:41:08,280 --> 00:41:11,239 Speaker 4: Great podcast talking about Big Sugar, the podcast which is 693 00:41:11,280 --> 00:41:16,120 Speaker 4: an incredible expose on the brutal and dangerous sugar. 694 00:41:16,239 --> 00:41:18,120 Speaker 2: Oh, I got it. I forgot about that one. I 695 00:41:18,239 --> 00:41:19,839 Speaker 2: just think about the earlier Oh we. 696 00:41:19,800 --> 00:41:20,359 Speaker 3: Did, that's right. 697 00:41:20,400 --> 00:41:22,200 Speaker 4: We did a full deep dive on it ourselves, and 698 00:41:22,280 --> 00:41:25,560 Speaker 4: we also had on the host of an investigative piece 699 00:41:26,120 --> 00:41:27,880 Speaker 4: podcast series called Big Sugar. 700 00:41:28,040 --> 00:41:30,600 Speaker 1: I was so happy when they confirmed that earlier research. 701 00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:31,480 Speaker 1: We're out to something. 702 00:41:32,000 --> 00:41:33,120 Speaker 2: We're going to follow it up. 703 00:41:33,160 --> 00:41:37,120 Speaker 1: We hope you enjoyed this episode, folks. Thank you, as 704 00:41:37,120 --> 00:41:40,200 Speaker 1: always so much for tuning in. Thanks to our super 705 00:41:40,280 --> 00:41:45,680 Speaker 1: producer returning tattooed from some Adventures mister Max Williams. Thanks 706 00:41:45,680 --> 00:41:49,760 Speaker 1: to our guest superproducer Dylan the chainsaw Fag and remember 707 00:41:49,840 --> 00:41:54,360 Speaker 1: to buy Chainsaw Fagan Laudanum wherever it is sold, which 708 00:41:54,480 --> 00:41:58,399 Speaker 1: no offense. Stillan might not be everywhere these days, kind 709 00:41:58,400 --> 00:42:01,320 Speaker 1: of like cheerwine, so pick up a bottle where he 710 00:42:01,440 --> 00:42:06,040 Speaker 1: cand thanks to aj Bahamas Jacobs, thanks to orgey Cham 711 00:42:06,040 --> 00:42:09,120 Speaker 1: thanks to Jonathan Strickland Ak the Twister. 712 00:42:09,360 --> 00:42:11,400 Speaker 3: Who else? Oh man, did we sayeah? 713 00:42:11,400 --> 00:42:13,680 Speaker 4: You starready said Aja Bahamas the he's the puzzler. 714 00:42:13,760 --> 00:42:15,520 Speaker 2: Do we have a nickname for Jorge yet? 715 00:42:16,000 --> 00:42:19,759 Speaker 3: No? Wait, he had one. It was like Riverside or something. 716 00:42:19,960 --> 00:42:23,080 Speaker 4: Oh, that's right, it wasn't a very good one. We'll 717 00:42:23,440 --> 00:42:25,680 Speaker 4: we'll have to workshop that one, but big thanks to Jorge. 718 00:42:26,320 --> 00:42:29,080 Speaker 4: Excited to have him back very soon and we have 719 00:42:29,280 --> 00:42:32,560 Speaker 4: another crossover with him coming out very soon. If it's 720 00:42:32,680 --> 00:42:34,520 Speaker 4: already out on stuff they don't want you to know 721 00:42:34,640 --> 00:42:36,839 Speaker 4: or we talk a lot about some of the same 722 00:42:36,880 --> 00:42:38,440 Speaker 4: things we talked about in Ridiculous History. 723 00:42:38,239 --> 00:42:40,200 Speaker 3: But a lot deeper and weirder stuff. 724 00:42:40,600 --> 00:42:43,280 Speaker 4: In terms of what were some of your favorite topics 725 00:42:43,320 --> 00:42:45,799 Speaker 4: that we touched on in that conversation. Oh, all the 726 00:42:45,840 --> 00:42:49,319 Speaker 4: outer space stuff, that's right, yeah, But beyond Big Bang, 727 00:42:49,320 --> 00:42:52,840 Speaker 4: we talked a lot about singularity events, a lot about 728 00:42:53,320 --> 00:42:57,920 Speaker 4: surveillance state kind of stufflation, the simulation. 729 00:42:57,560 --> 00:42:59,879 Speaker 3: Theory, all that stuff. So do check that one out. 730 00:43:00,239 --> 00:43:02,400 Speaker 4: Huge thanks to Chris Fhrasiotis and heaves Jeff cos here 731 00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:06,759 Speaker 4: in spirit of course, and thanks again torn Fast. 732 00:43:06,960 --> 00:43:10,120 Speaker 3: Jones for this incredible research on fad diets. And thanks 733 00:43:10,160 --> 00:43:11,399 Speaker 3: to you Ben. This is a lot of fun. 734 00:43:11,640 --> 00:43:14,880 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and thanks to Alex Williams who composed this track. 735 00:43:15,040 --> 00:43:17,880 Speaker 1: Everybody tuned in next week, have a great one and 736 00:43:17,920 --> 00:43:20,359 Speaker 1: we'll have a classic on Saturday, and we'll be back 737 00:43:20,400 --> 00:43:22,520 Speaker 1: on Tuesday with more ridiculous history. 738 00:43:23,000 --> 00:43:23,960 Speaker 3: We'll see you next time. 739 00:43:24,040 --> 00:43:24,360 Speaker 1: Focus. 740 00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:36,840 Speaker 4: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 741 00:43:36,920 --> 00:43:39,080 Speaker 4: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.