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Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Markets Podcast. I'm Paul Sweeney, alongside

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Speaker 1: my co host Matt Miller. Every business day, we bring

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Speaker 1: you interviews from CEOs, market pros, and Bloomberg experts, along

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Speaker 1: with essential market moving news. Find the Bloomberg Markets Podcast

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Speaker 1: on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts, and

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Speaker 1: at Bloomberg dot com slash podcast. The Leading Economic Index

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Speaker 1: was released today, gave it a little bit better than

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Speaker 1: expected at one point one percent. Consensus was for one percent.

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Speaker 1: Let's get some color under the hood there. We can

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Speaker 1: do that with Ottoman OZL. Drum, Senior director of Economic

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Speaker 1: Research at the Conference Board. He got his pH d

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Speaker 1: in economics and Happy Valley at Penn State. So we

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Speaker 1: welcome Ottoman. Thanks so much for joining us here. What

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Speaker 1: did you see in your numbers this morning? Again a

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Speaker 1: little bit better than expected? Good morning. Yes, Uh, the

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Speaker 1: heavy I rose pretty sharply this morning. Overall, the trend

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Speaker 1: in the leading indicators is still pointing to a gathering

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Speaker 1: momentum in the economies. So uh, the expansion is to

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Speaker 1: continue into the first half of two. But talk to

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Speaker 1: us about inflation. I mean we're hearing from Senator Joe Manchin,

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Speaker 1: Inflation is the biggest threat. Do you see that as

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Speaker 1: a threat to hurt the consumer in any pullback in

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Speaker 1: consumer spending? Yeah, Inflation does pose one of those risks

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Speaker 1: in the outlook UM, and it directly affects consumers purchasing power.

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Speaker 1: So pull back in spending UM and consumers sort of

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Speaker 1: outlook on the economy has been worsening throughout the fall,

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Speaker 1: largely because of what's what's happening in their wallets. So

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Speaker 1: that does pose their risk. And the Fed of course

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Speaker 1: has been responding to that UM and UH trying to

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Speaker 1: cool down the economy and uh that will possibly bring

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Speaker 1: the economy back to a more sustainable but healthy growth

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Speaker 1: rate u UM, and we'll begin to see that in

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Speaker 1: the leading indicators. So Ottoman, I guess you know one

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Speaker 1: of the issues here is just the consumer here, and

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Speaker 1: we've got this oncron variant here. How do you think

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Speaker 1: that's gonna impact, if at all, kind of the the

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Speaker 1: economy in two Yeah, that's the other large risk that's

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Speaker 1: looming in the outlook. Uh. So COVID nineteen we were

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Speaker 1: already expecting winter wave. I think the omicron complicates the

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Speaker 1: matter a little bit more in terms of how much

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Speaker 1: it's going to impact. It does feel like deja vu.

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Speaker 1: You know, we've've been through these ways before. But I

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Speaker 1: think the difference now is that you know, we have

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Speaker 1: the vaccines uh and uh more reliable treatments. So UM,

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Speaker 1: you know, if the public health aspect can be contained

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Speaker 1: um and managed, perhaps UM you know, it doesn't pose

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Speaker 1: a huge economic risk for the economic outlook. UM. So

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Speaker 1: to the extent that UM, you know, we don't go

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Speaker 1: into these significant, large scale lockdowns. You know, perhaps we

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Speaker 1: can weather this winter wave of COVID nineteen. What are

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Speaker 1: you hearing about, you know, not only really expectations for

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Speaker 1: the next year, but three five years out, particularly in

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Speaker 1: the face of what could be a potential rate hike

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Speaker 1: or three or four in the next year. How is

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Speaker 1: that affecting some of the economics and consumer sentiment? UM

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Speaker 1: well longer longer horizon. UM. You know, we are seeing

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Speaker 1: kind of uh, you know, healthy robust economic growth rates,

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Speaker 1: especially in the US. UM. The fundamental uh sort of

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Speaker 1: supply demand relationship is you know, working in the US economy,

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Speaker 1: whether you look at consumer spending or labor markets. UM.

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Speaker 1: You know, if we can whether these risk in the

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Speaker 1: next three to five years, you know, perhaps inflation doesn't

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Speaker 1: become a persistent feature of the economy, and it can

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Speaker 1: be Uh, those risks can be can be handled so automan.

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Speaker 1: It seems like most shoppers are finding generally what they

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Speaker 1: want here for this holiday shopping season, and that's kind

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Speaker 1: of what the supply chain concerns. Maybe a little bit

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Speaker 1: on the back burner, but I'm looking at map go

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Speaker 1: on the Bloomberg term, and I still see lots of

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Speaker 1: ships stocked off the ports of Los Angeles and Savannah.

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Speaker 1: How big of an issue is that for you as

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Speaker 1: you think about your outlook. Yeah, the supply chain disruptions UM,

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Speaker 1: you know, have have been pushing up prices and we

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Speaker 1: do expect um those uh to resolve in the longer term.

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Speaker 1: But I think in the near term next year, we

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Speaker 1: will continue to see some of those bottlenecks UM and

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Speaker 1: the volatility and destructions in races uh partly a matter

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Speaker 1: of this, you know, mismatch between the supply and demand

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Speaker 1: and the inability to deliver on time. UM. But eventually,

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Speaker 1: you know, they will be resolved in the long return.

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Speaker 1: But I think in some sectors we are going to

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Speaker 1: continue to see those and I'm thinking specifically of you know,

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Speaker 1: motor vehicles and semiconductors used in the automobiles and so on,

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Speaker 1: that might take longer to resolve because you know, you

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Speaker 1: need more investment in those areas. All right, Ottoman, thank

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Speaker 1: you so much for joining us here. Ottoman also Drum,

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Speaker 1: Senior director of Economic Research for the Conference Board. Conference

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Speaker 1: Word report of their leading Economic Index for the month

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Speaker 1: of November came in at one point one percent positive

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Speaker 1: versus the consensus of one percent. So again, still some

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Speaker 1: positive news out there in the economy. Led by the

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Speaker 1: consumer supply chain. It's been an issue really since yeah,

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Speaker 1: the majority of this pandemic and the economic disruption and

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Speaker 1: then the reopening really exposed from the shortcomings in this

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Speaker 1: global just in time economy. Let's get the latest on

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Speaker 1: our supply chain issues. We can do that with Dr

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Speaker 1: Lisa Williams, chief executive Officer of World of EPI. Lisa,

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Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us here. It seems like

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Speaker 1: this supply chain challenge a it's a global issue, but

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Speaker 1: it seems to be lingering here maybe a little bit

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Speaker 1: longer than some people thought. Give us your view of

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Speaker 1: kind of where we are on this challenge. A good morning, Paul,

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Speaker 1: it's a pleasure to be here. You are fought on.

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Speaker 1: You're right. The global crisis is laying going on more

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Speaker 1: than we'd like, and it's because of so many different issues,

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Speaker 1: one of which is of course, the variance with COVID.

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Speaker 1: You know, until we get COVID under control, we're going

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Speaker 1: to continue to see a slowdown of supply and because

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Speaker 1: of COVID previously there is an increase in pent up

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Speaker 1: demand and in some cases income, So we have a

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Speaker 1: shortage of product uh, slowed down supply chain, pent up demand.

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Speaker 1: That right there shows the core issue related to the

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Speaker 1: supply chain crisis. We have a port question to ask you.

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Speaker 1: I've been fascinated by this. We've been out several times

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Speaker 1: to the port of Long Beach in the part of

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Speaker 1: l A and interviewed those executive directors, and they continue

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Speaker 1: to say that things are getting better. But what we're

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Speaker 1: also hearing is that they're just holding out ships outside

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Speaker 1: the area where we're counting. So ships look like they're

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Speaker 1: going down, but we're just doing a better job of

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Speaker 1: changing the optics. What are you hearing about if things

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Speaker 1: actually are getting better or not. Taylor, that's a brilliant observation.

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Speaker 1: You are right, it's looking better, but there's still some

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Speaker 1: of the same core issues. There is a reduction or

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Speaker 1: a lack of personnel to help um drivers, truck drivers.

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Speaker 1: There is a shortage of trast these equipment. So it's

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Speaker 1: kind of a whackable problem with the port. Right It's

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Speaker 1: like there's a delay coming in of the ships from Asia.

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Speaker 1: Then once they get here, it's find the personnel and

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Speaker 1: the equipment to move it from the port into the warehouse.

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Speaker 1: So there's a multifaceted challenge that we're still trying to handle.

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Speaker 1: So you're right, there is a light short term improvement,

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Speaker 1: light short term improvement, I want to stress that, but

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Speaker 1: it is certainly nothing that is going to come to

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Speaker 1: an end or bring this crisis to a quick and

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Speaker 1: speedien So to that question, Lisa, what in your view

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Speaker 1: is probably a reasonable time frame to get back to

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Speaker 1: some level of normalcy in terms of supply chain. Well, Paul,

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Speaker 1: you know, we know this is unprecedented and because of that,

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Speaker 1: we can't really look to history to give as much guidance. Unfortunately,

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Speaker 1: it's going to depend upon getting a handle on COVID.

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Speaker 1: It's going to depend upon getting supplies to the ingredients

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Speaker 1: that we need. It's going to depend on finding the

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Speaker 1: right containers, not just containers in terms of cargo containers,

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Speaker 1: but containers for the bottle of the products that we

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Speaker 1: need every day. All of those different challenges of why

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Speaker 1: we're seeing what we're seeing. So the question is when

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Speaker 1: do we think we'll see an into all of those

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Speaker 1: different facets. I don't know, but what I do believe

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Speaker 1: strongly is that we will see a change around three generally,

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Speaker 1: assuming we can get COVID under control. But in the

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Speaker 1: beverage industry, I see it actually being longer. More like, wow,

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Speaker 1: that's that's five years away. So talk to us then

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Speaker 1: about giving the longevity of the timelines you just laid out,

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Speaker 1: Has anything changed permanently structurally within supply chain issues or

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Speaker 1: can we bounce back? You know, what is the new normal?

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Speaker 1: Look like sailors again? The new normal is going to

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Speaker 1: be something usual for us. Um it is we are

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Speaker 1: going to back back miles back because we are resilient

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Speaker 1: people and we have that desire. So I do believe

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Speaker 1: we will bounce that. The timing of that, however, it

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Speaker 1: could be a lot longer than any of us prefer

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Speaker 1: and it's gonna be again until we can get COVID

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Speaker 1: under control. That's like, for example, being a toy manufacturer,

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Speaker 1: we ship the majority of our products from Asia. Asia.

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Speaker 1: The largest port is the m t N. They have

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Speaker 1: a zero tolerance for COVID, so if one person comes

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Speaker 1: down with COVID, they shut things down. You can see

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Speaker 1: right there at the rippling effect that that's having. Then

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Speaker 1: once to finally do get the container on a ship,

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Speaker 1: it gets here, and as we just talked about, there's

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Speaker 1: a shortage of containers, there's a shortage of chassis, there's

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Speaker 1: a shortage of workers, there's a shortage of warehouse space.

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Speaker 1: All of that continues to the length of our supply

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Speaker 1: chain and adding to the supply chain crisis. So, like

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Speaker 1: I said, it's a multi faculted problem that we have

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Speaker 1: to address, but I do believe the core of it

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Speaker 1: is dealing with the COVID pandemic. Dr Lisa Williams, thank

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Speaker 1: you so much for joining us. Really appreciate getting your

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Speaker 1: thoughts and insights, which into a lingering, lingering economic challenge

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Speaker 1: for the global economy in terms of supply chain bottlenecks

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Speaker 1: again around the globe. Dr Lisa Williams, Chief executive Officer

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Speaker 1: of World of ep I. Alright, let's switch gears and

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Speaker 1: take a look at retail. We're just in the thick

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Speaker 1: rate at the very end of this holiday shopping season.

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Speaker 1: Lots of money being spent there. The consumer has a

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Speaker 1: lot of cash putting that money to work. Let's check

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Speaker 1: in with Andrew Rostami ahead of Citizens Pay at Citizens Bank. Andrew,

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Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us here. There's a concept

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Speaker 1: that's I've been hearing about for the last six and

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Speaker 1: maybe twelve months that's a little bit new. By now

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Speaker 1: pay later. What does that mean to you and what

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Speaker 1: does that mean to the retail space? Yeah, no, thanks

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Speaker 1: and thanks for having me on the show here. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean by now pay later is really about, um,

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Speaker 1: you know, helping a consumers spread out their payments, right,

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Speaker 1: and so you know, it's about taking a large purchase

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Speaker 1: and shopping that up into smaller payments, um, fixed monthly payments,

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Speaker 1: similar to what you would do maybe with the car purchase.

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Speaker 1: And sometimes that has no interest at all, Right, and

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Speaker 1: so it can be a very responsible thing for a

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Speaker 1: consumer and why they're rarely gravitating towards that type of product. Okay,

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Speaker 1: on the flip side, of that. That was interesting. Last

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Speaker 1: week you're the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau just asked for

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Speaker 1: an inquiry into some of these buy now, pay later

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Speaker 1: companies of just asking to make sure that consumers really

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Speaker 1: know what it is, Do they know their debt burden?

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Speaker 1: What are some of the regulatory headwinds that you see

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Speaker 1: though from this? Yeah, now, we we really think that's

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Speaker 1: a great thing that the CFPP is doing. Um, you

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Speaker 1: really want to make sure you're doing it responsibly, right

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Speaker 1: and so um a Citizens Pay. We're a fintech, but

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Speaker 1: we're within a regulated bank, which has been fantastic. Right,

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Speaker 1: So you're doing things like under writing the consumer, making

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Speaker 1: sure that they have the right not just credit profile,

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Speaker 1: but they have the right income to be able to

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Speaker 1: afford the purchase. You're working with the credit bureau such

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Speaker 1: that that dad is reported back to the bureau such

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Speaker 1: that all lenders can take a look at that. So

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Speaker 1: those are the types of things you really want to

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Speaker 1: make sure you're doing to put the consumer right on

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Speaker 1: the right footing. So, Andrew, you know, when you talk

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Speaker 1: to your retail clients, how are they thinking about supply

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Speaker 1: chain issues? Because we talked to someone in a supply

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Speaker 1: chain just earlier today and suggesting that this is going

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Speaker 1: to stretch well into next year and maybe even longer.

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Speaker 1: Is that what you're hearing from your customers? Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: it absolutely has been a challenge. Obviously, some UM clients

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Speaker 1: have different UM ownership over the supply chain UM right,

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Speaker 1: based on their scale, but in general, it's it's definitely

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Speaker 1: been a challenge and UM, you know, I think the

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Speaker 1: real UM, the only real UM you know, panacea really

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Speaker 1: is just kind of finding new ways to delight the

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Speaker 1: insumer and provide growth. Right, So, in addition to providing

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Speaker 1: transparency on what shipping times may be, UM finding new

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Speaker 1: ways really to provide other types of UM you know,

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Speaker 1: purchases for those consumers UM you know, as it as

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Speaker 1: it looks like it will you know, unfortunately continue. I'm

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Speaker 1: also really curious about what you're seeing anecdotally from the consumer.

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Speaker 1: Are basket size going up because prices are higher and

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Speaker 1: we're experiencing inflation? Or are we actually buying more items

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Speaker 1: even if the prices aren't going up? Right? What what

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Speaker 1: is that telling you? Yeah, we've we've seen UM, without

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Speaker 1: going to too much detail, I mean, to spend this

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Speaker 1: year is certainly higher than last year and certainly higher

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Speaker 1: than pre pandemic. And when you look at that across categories,

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Speaker 1: it really is broad based, save one or two categories,

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Speaker 1: essentially all categories are up. We are seeing both frequency

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Speaker 1: as well as a higher ticket size in the basket.

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Speaker 1: And you know that is going back to buy now,

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Speaker 1: pay later, a point of sale financing that is what

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Speaker 1: can really support that, right, um, where you can really

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Speaker 1: make that purchase more responsibly. So we are seeing both

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Speaker 1: of those tramps, but on an inflation adjusted basis, our

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Speaker 1: basket size is still higher as the consumer actually stronger. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean again from what we can see it does

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Speaker 1: you know, appear you know, to be that way. Um.

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Speaker 1: And then you know, to your point, the consumer strength

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Speaker 1: still looks pretty solid, um, right, the balance parking that's

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Speaker 1: happening that we see in deposit accounts, um, it's still

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Speaker 1: you know, you know, relatively strong, right, so it would

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Speaker 1: indicate some pretty good underlying strength in the consumer. Still

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Speaker 1: all right, Andrew, thank you so much for joining us.

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Speaker 1: Always appreciate getting your thoughts. Andrew Rostami, head of Citizens Pay.

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Speaker 1: It's part of Citizens Bank giving us the lay of

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Speaker 1: the land on all things retails. So we've got central

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Speaker 1: bankers are round the globe either raising rates as we

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Speaker 1: speak or talking about raising rates in the near future. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Yet I look at a tenure at one point three

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Speaker 1: seven with the one global central bank who's taking the

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Speaker 1: opposite of that inflation right exactly exactly. The question is

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Speaker 1: what do you do in that kind of environment on

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Speaker 1: the fixed income side of the ledger? Let's bringing in

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Speaker 1: a professional does this for a living r? J. Gallo,

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Speaker 1: Senior portfolio manager for Federated Hermes J thanks so much

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Speaker 1: for joining us here. How are you guys thinking about,

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Speaker 1: and again an environment where presumably central packers around the

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Speaker 1: world are gonna be pushing up rates? Well, good morning,

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Speaker 1: thanks for having me. We continue to believe that rates

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Speaker 1: had to go higher that the pivot that we're now

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Speaker 1: seeing at the FED and other developed country central banks

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Speaker 1: and developing countries, it was necessary. The simple fact of

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Speaker 1: the matter is the dynamic of the pandemic, the on

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Speaker 1: again off again economy, the restart, the logistical supply chain problems.

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Speaker 1: They've all added up to a level of inflation that

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Speaker 1: requires central bank attention, and now they're speaking to that

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Speaker 1: as well as acting with acceleration of the taper. There

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Speaker 1: are a lot of cross currents. Though the fiscal policy

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Speaker 1: sequentially is going to become less stimulative. The news this

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Speaker 1: morning from Senator Mansion basically bailing on the build back

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Speaker 1: better plan is another point in that direction. Um, So

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Speaker 1: I wouldn't be worried that we're about to go through

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Speaker 1: skyrocketing rates. I think that's highly unlikely. Uh. And then

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Speaker 1: the omicron slash delta wave that we're all dealing with

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Speaker 1: is another sort of bond friendly development. So you know,

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Speaker 1: it's sort of clear as mud. But I think that

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Speaker 1: the simple fact the matter is we do believe yields

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Speaker 1: will be somewhat higher than the art today, but there's

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Speaker 1: plenty of reasons not to go max short at this

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Speaker 1: point in time. Yeah, talk to us about that r J,

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Speaker 1: because it's so interesting when, as Paul was saying, the

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Speaker 1: call was two percent yields and we're down below a

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Speaker 1: one fort on the tenure and below two percent, well

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Speaker 1: below two on the thirty year. Is it that we

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Speaker 1: have a central bank who is now less tolerant of

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Speaker 1: inflation and so long term we're thinking lower growth, lower

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Speaker 1: inflation or is this some technicals. I think that there's

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Speaker 1: a number of factors out there. First of all, the

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Speaker 1: fet worked really hard to get many to accept the

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Speaker 1: idea that part of this inflation was transitory. That word

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Speaker 1: now has basically been banned. UM, So let's use a

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Speaker 1: different one that's probably not a clear clearly implying that

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Speaker 1: it would be brief episodic. I think there's something episodic

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Speaker 1: about this inflation, but that's not explaining all of it. UM.

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Speaker 1: I think the fact that the fet is is pivoted,

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Speaker 1: has pivoted in the hawkish direction, has prompted some fears

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Speaker 1: that they might overdo it. I mean, it's remarkable how

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Speaker 1: the distance between the dots and the markets imply levels

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Speaker 1: of short rates out a year or two, three years

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Speaker 1: from now. It's pretty stark. H. Obviously, there's a mixed

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Speaker 1: view on how fast the economy can grow and how

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Speaker 1: much the economy can tolerate of FED tightening cycle. Uh.

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Speaker 1: It rains to be seen. However, how this one unfold

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Speaker 1: makes it sort of tough for the bond managers of

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Speaker 1: the world. I do think there's some silver lining for

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Speaker 1: people who are afraid that they're going to experience massive

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Speaker 1: bond losses. UH. They have to remember, you've already experienced

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Speaker 1: losses on the Barkley's Aggregate, the U S Treasury Index,

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Speaker 1: they're all down one over two percent on the year.

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Speaker 1: It's quite possible as yields rise in the year to come,

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Speaker 1: I expect returns to be low, that's for sure. UM.

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Speaker 1: But some of the rising rate dynamics behind us. And

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Speaker 1: the question is where is that terminal rate? The markets

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Speaker 1: pricing at very low terminal rate. We think it's probably

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Speaker 1: a little too low. We're a little short as a result,

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Speaker 1: and that's how we're dealing with this sort of foggy

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Speaker 1: picture in front of us. R J. Are you of

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Speaker 1: the Are you in the camp that central banks perhaps

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Speaker 1: have been moving to slow on inflation? UM? I think yeah, yeah.

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Speaker 1: I think the simple fact of the matter is that

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Speaker 1: the FED in other eras, the FED wouldn't have accelerated

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Speaker 1: the taper, they would have just stopped buying bonds. Uh.

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Speaker 1: There's abundant reasons to argue that that that they should

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Speaker 1: do that, and they should have done at the last meeting.

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Speaker 1: But in the current central banking framework, the FET doesn't

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Speaker 1: like to surprise the markets. They viewed that as destabilizing. UH.

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Speaker 1: It would unsettle risk assets which have been on a tear.

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Speaker 1: So I think the FED has to move very sensitively

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Speaker 1: gingerly is probably a better word, uh in in their pivot,

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Speaker 1: and so far they've pulled it off. It's interesting that

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Speaker 1: risk assets are now struggling because I think people are

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Speaker 1: concerned about the idea of a policy error, that the

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Speaker 1: FED is going to overtighten, that their doughts are too aggressive.

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Speaker 1: Economy can't take it, like I was saying before, But yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think the central banks probably waited a little too long.

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Speaker 1: But can you blame them. The uncertainties that we face

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Speaker 1: as an economy as a society keep thing. It's hard

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Speaker 1: to charge forth with great confidence, whether you're a public

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Speaker 1: health official or a monetary policy official in the context

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Speaker 1: of a world that's changing as the pandemic continues to

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Speaker 1: to change over Now you know, r J, we just

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Speaker 1: have about thirty seconds left. When will we know when

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Speaker 1: we are past the point of having to worry about

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Speaker 1: a policy error. That's a great question. I I personally

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Speaker 1: think Chairman Powell laid out of you that if inflation

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Speaker 1: isn't materially declining mid to late next year from its

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Speaker 1: very high rates that we currently see, um, that's where

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Speaker 1: the FED might start to get more aggressive and and

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Speaker 1: the policy error judgment we'll only become apparent sort of

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Speaker 1: as it's happening. Recalled the fourth quarter of twenty team,

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Speaker 1: when the FED was tightening and the balance she was shrinking.

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Speaker 1: The stock markets were, you know, they were screaming Uncle,

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Speaker 1: they couldn't take it. Stock markets quarter, That's when the

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Speaker 1: policy error trade becomes evident. It's sort of real time,

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Speaker 1: all right. R J. Thanks so much for join Instagrams.

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Speaker 1: Appreciate getting your thoughts on the credit markets. R J. Gallop,

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Speaker 1: Senior portfolio manager for Federated Hermes, giving us his thoughts

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Speaker 1: on these credit markets. Thanks for listening to the Bloomberg

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Speaker 1: Markets podcast. You can subscribe and listen to interviews with

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Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts or whatever podcast platform you prefer. I'm Matt Miller.

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Speaker 1: I'm on Twitter at Matt Miller three. Put on fall Sweeney.

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Speaker 1: I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. Before the podcast. You

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Speaker 1: can always catch us worldwide at Bloomberg Radio