1 00:00:00,680 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Hey, everybody. Mr Chuck Bryant here, Charles w. That is, 2 00:00:04,760 --> 00:00:06,760 Speaker 1: if you want to know how royalty works, we can 3 00:00:06,880 --> 00:00:10,640 Speaker 1: sort of explain that. This is from Jeez about six 4 00:00:10,720 --> 00:00:15,440 Speaker 1: years ago, from September eleven. We talk all about royalty 5 00:00:15,880 --> 00:00:24,960 Speaker 1: and probably get about right. Welcome to Stuff you should know, 6 00:00:25,280 --> 00:00:33,760 Speaker 1: a production of I Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to 7 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:37,080 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles w. W W, Chuck 8 00:00:37,159 --> 00:00:40,600 Speaker 1: Bryant and Jerry. What's your problem? This is should know? 9 00:00:41,479 --> 00:00:44,279 Speaker 1: My problem is I got an eye twitch. Yeah, it's 10 00:00:44,280 --> 00:00:48,880 Speaker 1: a little weird. Okay, you can see it. Who can't? 11 00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:52,720 Speaker 1: My left eyes is going crazy? All right, it's I 12 00:00:52,800 --> 00:00:57,560 Speaker 1: think stabilized. Yeah it seems too. Yeah. Mitosis kicking in. 13 00:00:58,600 --> 00:01:02,280 Speaker 1: You're what mitosis? What kind of toasts you got? Uh? 14 00:01:02,560 --> 00:01:04,640 Speaker 1: Tosis is when you have a droopy eyelid. You know 15 00:01:04,640 --> 00:01:06,319 Speaker 1: I told you about that recently. You're like, you do 16 00:01:07,120 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 1: see that left eyelet is is more exposed. It's like 17 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:14,080 Speaker 1: a forest Whittaker. I know what you're saying. I see that. 18 00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:17,000 Speaker 1: Like if I compare it to the other eyelid, I 19 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:19,240 Speaker 1: can see more of your left eyelid, but it doesn't 20 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:23,320 Speaker 1: appear droopy. I think that's the right term for it. 21 00:01:23,600 --> 00:01:28,320 Speaker 1: Tosis no droopy No, well it's tosas is a droopy eelid, 22 00:01:28,480 --> 00:01:30,600 Speaker 1: and I have it. I think it's a toasta highlid. 23 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:33,680 Speaker 1: That's what you got, man. I was diagnosed and it's 24 00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:36,160 Speaker 1: uh apparently going to get worse. So who is it? 25 00:01:36,240 --> 00:01:39,399 Speaker 1: Forest Whittaker? Who else? I think Tom York of Radiohead, 26 00:01:39,480 --> 00:01:43,399 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, you're company. And I think Paris Hilton has tosis. 27 00:01:43,560 --> 00:01:48,920 Speaker 1: Oh yes she does, and me the four It's worse 28 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:52,840 Speaker 1: when I'm sleepy or if I drunk. Yeah, I could 29 00:01:52,840 --> 00:01:55,800 Speaker 1: see that, but I'm never either one of those. So 30 00:01:55,800 --> 00:01:57,640 Speaker 1: so you're always fine. Yeah. I don't know why, stroop. 31 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:01,520 Speaker 1: Are you drunk right now? That's good? Should not be 32 00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:05,480 Speaker 1: drunk while we do these? Chuck, it's too important, that's right. 33 00:02:05,960 --> 00:02:08,959 Speaker 1: So I've got an actual infro for this, oh man, 34 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:10,600 Speaker 1: like the old days in my head. It could be 35 00:02:10,680 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: up to like twenty minutes long. So just sit back 36 00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:18,920 Speaker 1: and around perfect um, So chuck up. Until about nine 37 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:25,239 Speaker 1: years ago, all humans walked around and gathered food and 38 00:02:25,400 --> 00:02:28,880 Speaker 1: followed herds of animals which they hunted and killed and 39 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:33,359 Speaker 1: eight and on any given day, you eight what you 40 00:02:33,480 --> 00:02:35,880 Speaker 1: gathered and then you just kind of moved along to 41 00:02:35,960 --> 00:02:39,559 Speaker 1: the next spot. That was typically the way things were done. 42 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:44,360 Speaker 1: They were called hunter gatherer societies. Then, during what's called 43 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:50,919 Speaker 1: the Neolithic Revolution, people started selecting plants in their area 44 00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:54,240 Speaker 1: and realizing that they could replant the seeds from those plants, 45 00:02:54,680 --> 00:02:57,519 Speaker 1: and all of a sudden you had agriculture, which is 46 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:02,079 Speaker 1: made things very stable, very stable, more stable tie people 47 00:03:02,120 --> 00:03:05,880 Speaker 1: to the land. But it also gave rise to something 48 00:03:05,919 --> 00:03:09,800 Speaker 1: that hadn't been around before, which was surplus. Because if 49 00:03:09,800 --> 00:03:11,920 Speaker 1: you're a hunter gatherer and all of your buddies and 50 00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:14,840 Speaker 1: family and friends or hunter gatherers, and you're all just 51 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:18,560 Speaker 1: hunting and gathering just enough to sustain you for that day, 52 00:03:18,680 --> 00:03:21,520 Speaker 1: then there's no such thing as surplus. That means everybody's 53 00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:24,760 Speaker 1: pretty much equal. Maybe one guy takes mushrooms more than 54 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:26,800 Speaker 1: the rest of you, so he's your religious leader or 55 00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:30,080 Speaker 1: something like that, but for the most part, everybody's roughly equal. 56 00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:35,440 Speaker 1: Now that there's a surplus, say somebody has a particularly 57 00:03:35,480 --> 00:03:38,000 Speaker 1: good bounty on the year where everybody else in the 58 00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:41,360 Speaker 1: area has a bad bounty. That person is in what's 59 00:03:41,360 --> 00:03:44,160 Speaker 1: called the position of power. Yeah, they have an advantage, Yes, 60 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:47,240 Speaker 1: they do that happens a few times to the same people. 61 00:03:47,760 --> 00:03:51,160 Speaker 1: And if they are clever enough to consolidate that power 62 00:03:51,600 --> 00:03:53,320 Speaker 1: and have more and more kids in a larger and 63 00:03:53,400 --> 00:03:57,000 Speaker 1: larger kin group, at which they would if they're more powerful, 64 00:03:57,440 --> 00:04:00,760 Speaker 1: you know they're gonna have more kids, then they conform 65 00:04:00,800 --> 00:04:04,440 Speaker 1: what you would recognize today as a dynasty. And then 66 00:04:04,480 --> 00:04:08,200 Speaker 1: over time these people would say, you know what, this 67 00:04:08,280 --> 00:04:11,720 Speaker 1: is my birthright to rule you guys, to be rich. 68 00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:16,120 Speaker 1: I'm going to just say that I'm connected to the Sun, 69 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:21,239 Speaker 1: which is our god that we worship, So by proxy, 70 00:04:21,320 --> 00:04:25,080 Speaker 1: I'm the Sun, God's ruler here on earth, which means 71 00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:29,039 Speaker 1: I'm in charge of you. And while you're at it, 72 00:04:29,080 --> 00:04:33,520 Speaker 1: give me some of your surplus, and all of a sudden, 73 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:38,000 Speaker 1: now you have a king a kingdom. And this happened 74 00:04:38,839 --> 00:04:43,560 Speaker 1: roughly all around the world, independently, but following almost the 75 00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:47,680 Speaker 1: exact same course. You've got agriculture, you have surplus. You 76 00:04:47,720 --> 00:04:52,440 Speaker 1: have certain people consolidating power, rising to power, associating themselves 77 00:04:52,440 --> 00:04:55,839 Speaker 1: with gods to um to make their power that much 78 00:04:55,960 --> 00:05:03,080 Speaker 1: more stable and unchallenged, and then you have kingdoms. That's 79 00:05:03,120 --> 00:05:06,440 Speaker 1: what happened. Boom. Over time, these kingdoms did more and 80 00:05:06,480 --> 00:05:10,159 Speaker 1: more crazy stuff, but they all they all followed roughly 81 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:11,920 Speaker 1: the same thing. Yeah. And if you're out in the 82 00:05:11,960 --> 00:05:13,800 Speaker 1: middle of a desert, you don't have a lot of 83 00:05:13,839 --> 00:05:18,160 Speaker 1: options to go other places, so that helps along the king, Yeah, 84 00:05:18,160 --> 00:05:19,920 Speaker 1: because you don't have any choice. Or if you're in 85 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:23,039 Speaker 1: Peru there's a big mountain range there, kind of stuck. Yeah, 86 00:05:23,080 --> 00:05:26,640 Speaker 1: because you still need you know, your potatoes, you still 87 00:05:26,680 --> 00:05:30,880 Speaker 1: need your grain. Um. And if you can't move very easily, 88 00:05:30,920 --> 00:05:33,839 Speaker 1: if you're getting resources from being a member of a community, 89 00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:38,120 Speaker 1: then that explains why you, as this normal, independent minded person, 90 00:05:38,400 --> 00:05:40,839 Speaker 1: might go along with some guy saying he's a descendant 91 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:42,800 Speaker 1: of the Sun God and you have to give him 92 00:05:42,800 --> 00:05:45,120 Speaker 1: half of your grain for no good reason. Yeah. Or 93 00:05:45,160 --> 00:05:48,440 Speaker 1: if you're in the Amazon where it's you're not surrounded 94 00:05:48,480 --> 00:05:52,080 Speaker 1: by desert or mountains and you can say, screw this guy, 95 00:05:52,200 --> 00:05:54,760 Speaker 1: I'm out of here, then you may be a little 96 00:05:54,760 --> 00:05:57,480 Speaker 1: slower to have something like a king, yeah, or maybe 97 00:05:57,520 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: not at all. And so all this whole mentality, this 98 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:04,120 Speaker 1: whole process took place independently, like I said, the world 99 00:06:04,160 --> 00:06:07,880 Speaker 1: around and also everybody seemed to have come to the 100 00:06:07,880 --> 00:06:11,440 Speaker 1: same idea that you need to export this stuff. The 101 00:06:11,520 --> 00:06:15,159 Speaker 1: more power or the more land and there therefore the 102 00:06:15,240 --> 00:06:19,159 Speaker 1: more um crops or whatever you can get under your power, 103 00:06:19,640 --> 00:06:21,360 Speaker 1: more powerful you are. And the way to get that 104 00:06:21,720 --> 00:06:23,520 Speaker 1: is to get a bunch of guys who are sick 105 00:06:23,560 --> 00:06:26,279 Speaker 1: of farming and like to mess around with spears, to 106 00:06:26,360 --> 00:06:29,520 Speaker 1: go conquer some other cities and make those people give 107 00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:33,120 Speaker 1: you half of their grain. Then you become even more powerful, 108 00:06:33,279 --> 00:06:37,240 Speaker 1: so you export this kind of um mentality of being 109 00:06:37,360 --> 00:06:39,919 Speaker 1: ruled by a single person who's getting fat off of 110 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:45,680 Speaker 1: taxing everybody else. And still today we have virtually all 111 00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:48,720 Speaker 1: of these same processes just in a different guys. Yeah, 112 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:53,040 Speaker 1: and we should give credit to uh, Simon Powers, because 113 00:06:53,080 --> 00:06:55,640 Speaker 1: we didn't just make all that stuff up. No, as 114 00:06:55,720 --> 00:06:58,680 Speaker 1: the Simon Powers, the researcher or the writer, he is 115 00:06:58,800 --> 00:07:02,840 Speaker 1: really uh an author of the study that um kind 116 00:07:02,839 --> 00:07:05,479 Speaker 1: of looked at that theory that we've been talking about 117 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:08,320 Speaker 1: and made a model that UM, I don't know if 118 00:07:08,320 --> 00:07:10,800 Speaker 1: it proved it, but made it seem pretty likely. Yeah, 119 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:15,280 Speaker 1: why how despots arose during the Neolithic Revolution. Yeah, so 120 00:07:15,360 --> 00:07:17,480 Speaker 1: way to go, Simon Powers. And if you're interested in 121 00:07:17,480 --> 00:07:19,880 Speaker 1: that kind of thing, also go back and read Dr 122 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:22,680 Speaker 1: Jared Diamond's The Worst Mistake in the History of the 123 00:07:22,760 --> 00:07:25,640 Speaker 1: human race, which talks a lot about this transition and 124 00:07:25,680 --> 00:07:30,000 Speaker 1: basically argues that we were all better off as hunter gatherers. Yeah, 125 00:07:30,080 --> 00:07:33,680 Speaker 1: Dustin Diamond wrote the same article and it was the 126 00:07:33,680 --> 00:07:36,240 Speaker 1: answer was saved by the Belle the worst mistake in 127 00:07:36,280 --> 00:07:40,920 Speaker 1: the human race. Hey, that's a good show. Um, alright, 128 00:07:41,120 --> 00:07:47,320 Speaker 1: all the wrong way. You're right. So in this article 129 00:07:47,920 --> 00:07:51,800 Speaker 1: how royalty works, like, we're going to kind of default 130 00:07:51,800 --> 00:07:54,960 Speaker 1: to England. Yeah, here and there for the most part, 131 00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:59,000 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, great Britain. Well, we're gonna explain all that 132 00:07:59,040 --> 00:08:01,680 Speaker 1: stuff finally and for all, because that's, you know, that's 133 00:08:01,680 --> 00:08:04,520 Speaker 1: what we were exposed to. That's the kind of the 134 00:08:04,600 --> 00:08:11,240 Speaker 1: Western English speaking standard, the British monarchy. But you can 135 00:08:11,320 --> 00:08:13,720 Speaker 1: kind of substitute in a lot of ways. This this 136 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:16,880 Speaker 1: um a lot of the way that it developed for 137 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:19,840 Speaker 1: just about anywhere in the world. Because again, the idea 138 00:08:19,920 --> 00:08:24,480 Speaker 1: of hierarchies, of class, of social stratification and then some 139 00:08:24,600 --> 00:08:30,400 Speaker 1: group of people being at the absolute pinnacle is extraordinarily ancient. Yeah, 140 00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:33,720 Speaker 1: and it all comes down to land and owning land. 141 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:38,360 Speaker 1: Since people have tried the earth, the most powerful ones 142 00:08:38,400 --> 00:08:41,160 Speaker 1: are the people that owned more of it than their neighbor. Yeah, 143 00:08:41,200 --> 00:08:43,040 Speaker 1: but not scessarily tried the earth. I mean we're talking 144 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:46,520 Speaker 1: just in the last ten thousand years. And even after that, 145 00:08:46,559 --> 00:08:51,439 Speaker 1: the English didn't create them this idea that you could 146 00:08:51,480 --> 00:08:56,120 Speaker 1: take land and say this is my land. Now you 147 00:08:56,240 --> 00:08:59,640 Speaker 1: used to farm it, but you can still farm it, 148 00:08:59,800 --> 00:09:02,000 Speaker 1: but you owe me because this is my land and 149 00:09:02,040 --> 00:09:04,760 Speaker 1: I'm letting you farm on it. Yeah. And after everybody 150 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:07,320 Speaker 1: was like, wait what, and you say, oh, I forgot 151 00:09:07,320 --> 00:09:09,000 Speaker 1: to tell you. If you don't do this, I'm gonna 152 00:09:09,040 --> 00:09:12,080 Speaker 1: kill you in your entire family. So do it. And 153 00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:15,000 Speaker 1: they created what's known as the feudal system. Yeah, let's 154 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:17,920 Speaker 1: get in our our way back machine. Awesome, let's pull 155 00:09:17,960 --> 00:09:20,080 Speaker 1: the cover off this bad boy and let's go back 156 00:09:20,120 --> 00:09:23,920 Speaker 1: to oh like anywhere between the ninth and fifteenth century. 157 00:09:24,040 --> 00:09:26,800 Speaker 1: Let's do it because it doesn't matter. It's all about 158 00:09:26,840 --> 00:09:34,640 Speaker 1: the same. That's not true, but it's similar, uh to 159 00:09:34,760 --> 00:09:37,720 Speaker 1: the feudal systems of medieval Europe. Um. Basically what went 160 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:40,520 Speaker 1: on was there were very few people that owned a 161 00:09:40,520 --> 00:09:43,679 Speaker 1: lot of the land, um a lot of territory. But 162 00:09:44,720 --> 00:09:47,319 Speaker 1: they basically looked around at one point and says, you 163 00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:49,480 Speaker 1: know what, I have too much stuff to govern on 164 00:09:49,520 --> 00:09:52,080 Speaker 1: my own. So I'm gonna divide it up and I'm 165 00:09:52,080 --> 00:09:55,760 Speaker 1: gonna let other people use it. And I call them vassals. 166 00:09:56,160 --> 00:09:58,640 Speaker 1: And you're my vassel. You're gonna go out and you're 167 00:09:58,640 --> 00:10:01,640 Speaker 1: gonna manage that territory for me, going to collect some taxes, 168 00:10:01,960 --> 00:10:04,040 Speaker 1: you can keep some of that. You can farm and 169 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:07,040 Speaker 1: keep some of that. Well, they didn't farm, They had 170 00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:09,640 Speaker 1: people farming for them. Well, sure, so it's like a 171 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:12,800 Speaker 1: hierarchy habit farmed. Like you can imagine all of England 172 00:10:12,880 --> 00:10:15,320 Speaker 1: is being owned by the king and then you divide 173 00:10:15,360 --> 00:10:18,000 Speaker 1: it up, and then those people further divided it up. Yeah, 174 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:21,040 Speaker 1: because the vassal could divide their's up. And for sub 175 00:10:21,160 --> 00:10:24,600 Speaker 1: sub vessels, I guess serfs, Yeah, I guess so either 176 00:10:24,600 --> 00:10:28,640 Speaker 1: they're called um And you know, you guys, how about 177 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:31,640 Speaker 1: raising some armies for me? Um, You're all gonna be 178 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:34,160 Speaker 1: beholden to me, but I'm gonna let you keep a 179 00:10:34,160 --> 00:10:37,520 Speaker 1: lot of the dough, um, as long as you still 180 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:39,719 Speaker 1: give me something. Yeah. And and prior to this, chuck like, 181 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:43,000 Speaker 1: this is kind of a sweet deal. And the way 182 00:10:43,040 --> 00:10:45,800 Speaker 1: that you ended up in vassal is you had an 183 00:10:45,880 --> 00:10:49,880 Speaker 1: army that could conceivably challenge this guy who said I'm 184 00:10:49,880 --> 00:10:53,440 Speaker 1: a king of England and everybody and um, everyone said 185 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:56,520 Speaker 1: where and he's like here this, this is England now, 186 00:10:56,520 --> 00:10:59,000 Speaker 1: and I'm the king. Uh. And so if you had 187 00:10:59,040 --> 00:11:03,520 Speaker 1: an army that he could probably defeat with his army, 188 00:11:03,840 --> 00:11:07,400 Speaker 1: but could still like pose a problem. He turned you 189 00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:11,280 Speaker 1: onto his side, sure, and said, well, wait before you 190 00:11:11,320 --> 00:11:15,520 Speaker 1: say anything, I'm going to give you. Let you handle 191 00:11:15,600 --> 00:11:18,640 Speaker 1: some of this land, like you said, and you can 192 00:11:18,960 --> 00:11:21,160 Speaker 1: get these people who are farming the land to give 193 00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:23,319 Speaker 1: you some of their grain. You give some to me, 194 00:11:23,679 --> 00:11:25,920 Speaker 1: but you keep some yourself. Yeah, you'll be like a 195 00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:29,160 Speaker 1: smaller version of me. Yeah, and we'll will be more 196 00:11:29,240 --> 00:11:34,760 Speaker 1: powerful together exactly. And that's how this hierarchy, at least 197 00:11:34,800 --> 00:11:38,760 Speaker 1: in under the feudal system began, that's right. And these vassals, 198 00:11:39,080 --> 00:11:42,319 Speaker 1: they had rules of succession a lot like inheritance. Um, 199 00:11:42,360 --> 00:11:46,360 Speaker 1: you could pass your your land onto your children and 200 00:11:46,400 --> 00:11:49,440 Speaker 1: then they would be a vassal. Yeah. You also passed 201 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:52,880 Speaker 1: your obligation to the king onto the children too. It 202 00:11:52,920 --> 00:11:55,840 Speaker 1: wasn't just the sweet life. Oh no, no no, no, they 203 00:11:55,840 --> 00:11:59,000 Speaker 1: could you could never. You are always beholden as long 204 00:11:59,040 --> 00:12:03,160 Speaker 1: as you maintain that land, um, and it was the 205 00:12:03,200 --> 00:12:06,320 Speaker 1: same in other parts of the world. Japan had the 206 00:12:06,360 --> 00:12:10,120 Speaker 1: imperial system that was similar to the European monarchies, and 207 00:12:10,240 --> 00:12:12,760 Speaker 1: Japan's actually their monarchy is the oldest in the world. 208 00:12:12,840 --> 00:12:15,760 Speaker 1: Did you know that? Yes? I did. The Japanese imperial 209 00:12:15,840 --> 00:12:19,480 Speaker 1: family traces their lineage back to the sixth century b 210 00:12:19,679 --> 00:12:24,120 Speaker 1: c e. That's crazy, although they are purely ceremonial at 211 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:27,840 Speaker 1: this point right well, yeah, but they were the exact 212 00:12:27,880 --> 00:12:33,160 Speaker 1: opposite of just purely ceremonial up until and uh g 213 00:12:33,360 --> 00:12:36,360 Speaker 1: I Joe came in and like said, you guys aren't 214 00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:40,199 Speaker 1: divine deities any longer, which is what everybody considered them 215 00:12:40,240 --> 00:12:45,440 Speaker 1: up until and check out my kunk fu grip. Uh. 216 00:12:45,480 --> 00:12:48,280 Speaker 1: So everything was going along well until about the seventeenth 217 00:12:48,760 --> 00:12:54,240 Speaker 1: century when republicanism began to uh kind of just chip 218 00:12:54,240 --> 00:12:57,400 Speaker 1: away at the royals and the power that they held 219 00:12:57,440 --> 00:13:03,280 Speaker 1: throughout Europe, and democracy starts to form, and sometimes it 220 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:07,800 Speaker 1: happens gradually and kind of nicely. Sometimes it happens via revolution, 221 00:13:08,160 --> 00:13:11,920 Speaker 1: like in France, and uh sometimes when they would kick 222 00:13:11,920 --> 00:13:15,600 Speaker 1: out the monarchy, they would come back um with a vengeance, 223 00:13:15,679 --> 00:13:18,319 Speaker 1: like after the English Civil War between the Roundheads and 224 00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:21,720 Speaker 1: the cavaliers. Um, we had King Charles executed, his heir, 225 00:13:22,160 --> 00:13:25,640 Speaker 1: Charles two was exiled to France. Parliament gained a lot 226 00:13:25,640 --> 00:13:27,840 Speaker 1: of control, but they would later come back of course. 227 00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:33,280 Speaker 1: Charles the second, well, just the monarchy period, yeah, but 228 00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:37,400 Speaker 1: after that the monarchy just was never the same now, 229 00:13:37,640 --> 00:13:42,079 Speaker 1: although maybe under like Elizabeth, she was pretty powerful. Yeah, 230 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:44,920 Speaker 1: but I think, um, Parliament had gained a lot of control. Yeah, 231 00:13:44,920 --> 00:13:47,840 Speaker 1: everybody after that point had to deal with Parliament before 232 00:13:48,800 --> 00:13:52,080 Speaker 1: anybody had. Under Charles the first, the same stuff was 233 00:13:52,080 --> 00:13:53,760 Speaker 1: going on in the Middle East. Um, it was a 234 00:13:53,800 --> 00:13:57,160 Speaker 1: little different though because religion was so much more a 235 00:13:57,200 --> 00:14:01,520 Speaker 1: part of uh, their their monarch's um they had was 236 00:14:01,559 --> 00:14:06,160 Speaker 1: it called a caliph? Yeah, was was the head? Uh? 237 00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:10,480 Speaker 1: I guess that would be the king, Yeah, I guess 238 00:14:10,520 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 1: so if you had if you compared it to like 239 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:17,240 Speaker 1: the English model, the caliph would be the head, the 240 00:14:17,360 --> 00:14:20,520 Speaker 1: king of England, and then beneath them would be sultans, 241 00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:23,840 Speaker 1: which would be like vassals, which are powerful kings, but 242 00:14:23,920 --> 00:14:27,920 Speaker 1: they they are not the religious leader. So you got 243 00:14:27,920 --> 00:14:30,520 Speaker 1: the caliph and the sultans. Yeah, and sultans were like 244 00:14:30,560 --> 00:14:34,800 Speaker 1: military commanders but not priests, right, but they were involved. 245 00:14:34,880 --> 00:14:37,280 Speaker 1: Everything was all tied into religion still is of course. Yeah. 246 00:14:37,320 --> 00:14:40,160 Speaker 1: And then if you look at the Middle East model UM, 247 00:14:41,560 --> 00:14:44,520 Speaker 1: you know, very early on, like like look at Egypt, 248 00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:49,360 Speaker 1: all of the Egyptian UM rulers were considered deities up 249 00:14:49,440 --> 00:14:54,800 Speaker 1: until America said no, no, no. The Imperial King, the 250 00:14:54,880 --> 00:14:58,240 Speaker 1: Emperor of Japan was considered a deity of the Shinto 251 00:14:58,320 --> 00:15:03,480 Speaker 1: religion like a god um In in the Middle East, 252 00:15:03,520 --> 00:15:08,360 Speaker 1: the caliph is a religious figure. In uh, the Holy 253 00:15:08,440 --> 00:15:13,600 Speaker 1: Roman Empire, the king's ruled along with the pope. So 254 00:15:13,600 --> 00:15:18,280 Speaker 1: there's always been this real um marriage, either in the 255 00:15:18,280 --> 00:15:20,920 Speaker 1: form of one person or in the form of like 256 00:15:20,960 --> 00:15:24,080 Speaker 1: some sort of allegiance between the holy ruler and the 257 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:29,600 Speaker 1: political ruler, because they the religious aspect of it gives 258 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:36,720 Speaker 1: um credibility to the rule of the the political ruler, 259 00:15:37,280 --> 00:15:39,280 Speaker 1: and like like even in England they went so far 260 00:15:39,320 --> 00:15:41,120 Speaker 1: as to come up with the Divine Right of Kings, 261 00:15:41,120 --> 00:15:46,440 Speaker 1: which said, the king is God's emissary here on planet Earth, 262 00:15:46,840 --> 00:15:49,840 Speaker 1: and the king is therefore infallible. Nobody can get rid 263 00:15:49,880 --> 00:15:54,040 Speaker 1: of the king. But exactly, but I mean it ended 264 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:57,360 Speaker 1: up been going on for millennia since before then. But 265 00:15:57,440 --> 00:16:00,400 Speaker 1: that was like they just put it down into text like, yeah, 266 00:16:00,480 --> 00:16:03,320 Speaker 1: that's that's the way it is. Unfortunately for the king, 267 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:05,600 Speaker 1: that meant that the only way to get be gotten 268 00:16:05,680 --> 00:16:09,680 Speaker 1: rid of was to be murdered. Yeah, but they figured 269 00:16:10,680 --> 00:16:12,800 Speaker 1: it will be a pretty wild ride until then. Yeah, 270 00:16:12,840 --> 00:16:14,480 Speaker 1: I mean that's one of the risks when you're the king. 271 00:16:15,800 --> 00:16:17,840 Speaker 1: Uh So now you have you have royalty, you have 272 00:16:17,880 --> 00:16:22,760 Speaker 1: this class system. Royalty is actually transcends class because uh, 273 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:26,960 Speaker 1: it's it's the bloodline like a noble. That's the differencetween 274 00:16:27,000 --> 00:16:31,200 Speaker 1: nobility and royalty is nobility. The nobles didn't have the 275 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:34,360 Speaker 1: bloodline going. Yeah, it depends on the country that you're in. 276 00:16:34,400 --> 00:16:39,320 Speaker 1: So like in some countries, there are more than one 277 00:16:39,600 --> 00:16:43,720 Speaker 1: royal family, right, yeah, different houses, but just one of 278 00:16:43,720 --> 00:16:46,840 Speaker 1: them holds the throne at a time. Yeah, just one 279 00:16:46,880 --> 00:16:50,400 Speaker 1: of them has uh the ability to be the heir 280 00:16:50,480 --> 00:16:56,120 Speaker 1: to the throne um. So in other countries, it's like 281 00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:59,360 Speaker 1: there's one group of royals and they're the only royals, 282 00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:02,440 Speaker 1: and everybody, no matter how powerful, no matter their noble title, 283 00:17:02,800 --> 00:17:07,800 Speaker 1: they're still technically commoners exactly. They're they're almost always wealthy, 284 00:17:07,880 --> 00:17:11,000 Speaker 1: even though technically wealth doesn't have anything to do with 285 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,520 Speaker 1: it because it's about your bloodline. But if you're if 286 00:17:13,560 --> 00:17:16,320 Speaker 1: you're in the monarchy, you're going to be wealthy. And 287 00:17:16,320 --> 00:17:19,040 Speaker 1: in some cases also they're considered an actual part of 288 00:17:19,080 --> 00:17:24,000 Speaker 1: their country. Yeah, they're that much ingrained into the national fabric. 289 00:17:25,640 --> 00:17:29,280 Speaker 1: So we said that, Um, in some countries there can 290 00:17:29,320 --> 00:17:33,360 Speaker 1: be more than one royal family and um, this kind 291 00:17:33,400 --> 00:17:35,960 Speaker 1: of comes into play when there's not a clear line 292 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:38,880 Speaker 1: of succession. Yeah, things can get a little messy when 293 00:17:38,880 --> 00:17:42,480 Speaker 1: the king dies. So like if you have, um, what's 294 00:17:42,480 --> 00:17:47,080 Speaker 1: called an agnatic succession, that that means that the oldest 295 00:17:47,119 --> 00:17:50,880 Speaker 1: male heir inherits the throne. Yeah, and actually agnatic, uh, 296 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:55,800 Speaker 1: it means your brother takes over and not your son. Okay, 297 00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:59,119 Speaker 1: So it's patrilineal. It's it's on the father's side, but 298 00:17:59,200 --> 00:18:02,280 Speaker 1: instead of giving the throne to your child, like your 299 00:18:02,280 --> 00:18:05,040 Speaker 1: firstborn son, it goes to your your little bro okay, 300 00:18:05,160 --> 00:18:09,400 Speaker 1: your oldest little pro Okay, got youa um. And then 301 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:14,920 Speaker 1: in in other lines, it can be the oldest heir, right, 302 00:18:15,040 --> 00:18:18,200 Speaker 1: that's right, whether it's male or female, like how Queen 303 00:18:18,200 --> 00:18:20,840 Speaker 1: Elizabeth is the queen Now, yeah, you can be a 304 00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:24,800 Speaker 1: female heir Britain of course, so all of these people 305 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:27,680 Speaker 1: are all related. They're part of the royal family. They're 306 00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:31,399 Speaker 1: either a sibling, a child, a grandchild, even a cousin. 307 00:18:31,960 --> 00:18:34,720 Speaker 1: But there's still a member of that family, which is 308 00:18:34,760 --> 00:18:37,920 Speaker 1: also known as the house. In a country where there's 309 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 1: more than one royal house and there's a dispute or 310 00:18:42,119 --> 00:18:47,040 Speaker 1: a problem with the succession the normal succession rights, then 311 00:18:47,119 --> 00:18:49,520 Speaker 1: you can have a challenge to the throne by another 312 00:18:49,680 --> 00:18:52,879 Speaker 1: royal house. Yeah, or it's just simply elected by a 313 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:55,960 Speaker 1: committee of nobles. Maybe who that next king is going 314 00:18:56,040 --> 00:18:58,840 Speaker 1: to be? Yeah, Or if there's not a very clear line, 315 00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:02,119 Speaker 1: they can say, you know what, it's it's no man's 316 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:06,200 Speaker 1: land here, and whoever ends up with the crown may 317 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,120 Speaker 1: not even be a part of the bloodline. Maybe they 318 00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:11,439 Speaker 1: just had the best military or the most money, right, 319 00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:16,120 Speaker 1: And that's I mean, that's how original houses were set up. Yeah, 320 00:19:16,320 --> 00:19:19,400 Speaker 1: I mean the only difference between that situation happening now 321 00:19:19,840 --> 00:19:22,719 Speaker 1: and someone else's house, like taking control of the throne, 322 00:19:23,119 --> 00:19:27,160 Speaker 1: is they just descended to royalty, you know, millennia ago, 323 00:19:27,640 --> 00:19:48,120 Speaker 1: rather than right now. Yeah, all right. Titles, it's all 324 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:51,680 Speaker 1: about the title. The very top of the chessboard. You're 325 00:19:51,680 --> 00:19:55,040 Speaker 1: gonna have your king and queen or an emperor empress, 326 00:19:55,119 --> 00:19:56,760 Speaker 1: depending on if that's the kind of game you play 327 00:19:56,800 --> 00:20:00,359 Speaker 1: in your country or your empire. Uh, then the elatives 328 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:04,080 Speaker 1: are the king and queen. Um. It really depends on 329 00:20:04,119 --> 00:20:05,760 Speaker 1: the country in the monarchy. A lot of times their 330 00:20:05,800 --> 00:20:09,760 Speaker 1: princes and princesses can be your children, your grandchildren, could 331 00:20:09,760 --> 00:20:13,399 Speaker 1: be your brothers, could be your cousins. Um. It just 332 00:20:13,520 --> 00:20:17,119 Speaker 1: kind of varies depending on what country you're in. And 333 00:20:17,160 --> 00:20:23,240 Speaker 1: those titles are called peerages, and there's hereditary peerages, and 334 00:20:23,280 --> 00:20:27,280 Speaker 1: then there's life peerages. That's right, and um. The peerages, 335 00:20:27,440 --> 00:20:32,199 Speaker 1: as at least in uh in European royalty, go in 336 00:20:32,600 --> 00:20:37,440 Speaker 1: from an order of importance and from the lowest number 337 00:20:37,480 --> 00:20:44,639 Speaker 1: to the most number duke, marquess or marquis, earl, viscount 338 00:20:44,760 --> 00:20:47,639 Speaker 1: and baron. So the barons are at least powerful, but 339 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:49,679 Speaker 1: there's the most of them, is it viscount. I've been 340 00:20:49,720 --> 00:20:53,000 Speaker 1: saying viscount my whole life. Viscount. It's all right, man, 341 00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:57,280 Speaker 1: everybody says viscount. Um. And then the dukes are the 342 00:20:57,280 --> 00:21:00,520 Speaker 1: most powerful, but there's the fewest of them. And so 343 00:21:00,560 --> 00:21:04,840 Speaker 1: if you have an hereditary peerage, you inherited that at 344 00:21:04,840 --> 00:21:07,080 Speaker 1: some point in time, some king or queen said, you 345 00:21:07,119 --> 00:21:10,439 Speaker 1: are now the Duke of blah blah bah, and you're noble, 346 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:14,119 Speaker 1: but you are not royal, right exactly, so um, the 347 00:21:14,280 --> 00:21:18,240 Speaker 1: although you can be royal like I believe Prince Charles 348 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:21,440 Speaker 1: is the Duke of Windsor, you know, yeah that man, 349 00:21:21,480 --> 00:21:24,120 Speaker 1: it gets confusing. It definitely does get confusing. It gets 350 00:21:24,160 --> 00:21:28,840 Speaker 1: even more confusing because when Prince Charles becomes King Charles, 351 00:21:28,880 --> 00:21:32,760 Speaker 1: the Duke of Windsor will vanish. That title will vanish 352 00:21:32,840 --> 00:21:35,960 Speaker 1: because he became king, which he'd much rather be king 353 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:37,920 Speaker 1: than Duke of Windsor, you know what I mean. Yeah, 354 00:21:37,920 --> 00:21:41,359 Speaker 1: And that's called being absorbed into the crown by the crown. 355 00:21:41,480 --> 00:21:44,359 Speaker 1: The title can also just be left, like if there's 356 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,879 Speaker 1: no air. You can also take it and give it 357 00:21:46,920 --> 00:21:50,240 Speaker 1: to another family, although I think that that probably is 358 00:21:50,280 --> 00:21:54,199 Speaker 1: subject to being approved by the queen or the king. Um. 359 00:21:54,240 --> 00:21:57,600 Speaker 1: And then there's a whole other cattle of fish called 360 00:21:57,680 --> 00:22:02,520 Speaker 1: life peerages, which basically says you are now a baron 361 00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:07,399 Speaker 1: or baroness while you're alive, right, And and then your 362 00:22:07,480 --> 00:22:10,120 Speaker 1: kids will still receive some sort of honor. They won't 363 00:22:10,160 --> 00:22:13,679 Speaker 1: receive the title, but they can call themselves the honorable, 364 00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:17,600 Speaker 1: which suggests that their parents had a life peerage, but 365 00:22:17,720 --> 00:22:21,240 Speaker 1: that that it wasn't a hereditary title, so the kids 366 00:22:21,280 --> 00:22:24,520 Speaker 1: don't inherit it. Yeah. And to add further confusion, a 367 00:22:24,640 --> 00:22:28,480 Speaker 1: prince isn't always the male child of the king. Sometimes 368 00:22:28,560 --> 00:22:32,159 Speaker 1: that is the king, um, sometimes it's just a noble. 369 00:22:32,280 --> 00:22:37,400 Speaker 1: When Britain ruled India, they made a very clear distinction that, um, 370 00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:41,119 Speaker 1: your rulers and your provinces in India, um are going 371 00:22:41,160 --> 00:22:45,480 Speaker 1: to be called princes, just so it's clear you're not 372 00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:47,879 Speaker 1: going to call yourself a king, which is bs because 373 00:22:48,119 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 1: India already had its own monarchy system, um, but now 374 00:22:52,280 --> 00:22:56,399 Speaker 1: they were all downgraded by the British. Yeah. Um. We 375 00:22:56,400 --> 00:22:59,399 Speaker 1: should also say that if you receive a peerage of 376 00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:02,399 Speaker 1: any sort it you are automatically a member of the 377 00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:07,080 Speaker 1: House of Lords, which is the upper chamber of British Parliament. Um. 378 00:23:08,000 --> 00:23:12,800 Speaker 1: And so it's part of them the duty of the 379 00:23:12,880 --> 00:23:17,119 Speaker 1: Queen to appoint these things, to appoint these peerages, but 380 00:23:17,520 --> 00:23:20,879 Speaker 1: in these modern times she wants to kind of appoint 381 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:24,040 Speaker 1: them along party lines to make sure they're an appropriate 382 00:23:24,080 --> 00:23:26,879 Speaker 1: representation of everybody in the House of Lords. Yeah. And 383 00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:30,160 Speaker 1: you also get season tickets to uh men you games? 384 00:23:30,960 --> 00:23:34,560 Speaker 1: Do you know? I don't think so, I'll bet you do. Uh. 385 00:23:34,840 --> 00:23:36,480 Speaker 1: All right, So I guess we can move on to 386 00:23:36,720 --> 00:23:40,800 Speaker 1: the functions of these royals, because it really has varied 387 00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:43,600 Speaker 1: throughout the years and depending on which country, whether or 388 00:23:43,600 --> 00:23:51,320 Speaker 1: not your ceremonial figurehead or you're actually have real duties. Um, 389 00:23:51,359 --> 00:23:55,240 Speaker 1: and I guess it's well, let's just start with England. Okay, 390 00:23:56,119 --> 00:23:59,920 Speaker 1: So with England? Do you want to read her her 391 00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:03,280 Speaker 1: Majesty's full title? Should we get into this now? I 392 00:24:03,320 --> 00:24:06,479 Speaker 1: think we should, all right, because boy, we have botched 393 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:09,560 Speaker 1: this over the years with saying Britain and England and 394 00:24:09,600 --> 00:24:12,320 Speaker 1: Great Britain and the UK. We're gonna set the record 395 00:24:12,359 --> 00:24:19,560 Speaker 1: straight here today because technically calling q E two, we 396 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:21,439 Speaker 1: know her, we love her, calling her the Queen of 397 00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:24,879 Speaker 1: England is not correct now and it's pretty disrespectful to 398 00:24:24,960 --> 00:24:28,560 Speaker 1: some people. It is. And we're gonna explain this right now, 399 00:24:28,800 --> 00:24:32,520 Speaker 1: follow along with our little history lesson and a man, 400 00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:34,159 Speaker 1: I hope we get this right. Where did you find this? 401 00:24:34,280 --> 00:24:36,600 Speaker 1: By the way, Oh I found it on the internet. 402 00:24:37,560 --> 00:24:40,720 Speaker 1: I can't remember where it's all over. There's many different versions, 403 00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:46,560 Speaker 1: but um, here we got seven. You have King James 404 00:24:46,760 --> 00:24:50,560 Speaker 1: the sixth. He ascended to the throne of Scotland after Mom, 405 00:24:50,880 --> 00:24:53,880 Speaker 1: who was married Queen of Scott's, advocated the throne. At 406 00:24:53,880 --> 00:24:56,680 Speaker 1: the same time, you have Elizabeth one, daughter of Henry 407 00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:59,239 Speaker 1: the eighth. She was a Queen of England and she 408 00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:03,560 Speaker 1: was Mary, Queen of Scott's, first cousin. Once removed. Go 409 00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:06,960 Speaker 1: forward a little bit to sixteen oh three, Elizabeth one dies. 410 00:25:08,000 --> 00:25:13,480 Speaker 1: Then James was King James one of England and King 411 00:25:13,600 --> 00:25:17,639 Speaker 1: James six of Scotland at the same time. Just making sense. 412 00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:22,000 Speaker 1: They have united the crowns of England and Scotland. Even 413 00:25:22,040 --> 00:25:25,520 Speaker 1: though they were separate kingdoms. They had separate parliaments, separate institutions. 414 00:25:25,840 --> 00:25:29,720 Speaker 1: It is a crown united with England and Scotland. Now 415 00:25:29,760 --> 00:25:31,760 Speaker 1: we have the birth of Great Britain that was in 416 00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:34,879 Speaker 1: seven Yeah, and man, everyone in the UK right now, 417 00:25:34,960 --> 00:25:38,040 Speaker 1: it's just saying like following along so closely, waiting first 418 00:25:38,040 --> 00:25:41,240 Speaker 1: to mess up. So after the union of the crowns 419 00:25:41,240 --> 00:25:43,239 Speaker 1: of England Scotland, it was a rough time. There were 420 00:25:43,240 --> 00:25:45,720 Speaker 1: different monarchs, there were a lot of wars. Eventually the 421 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:49,440 Speaker 1: wars ended uh in sixteen sixty the monarchy rose restored, 422 00:25:49,520 --> 00:25:52,560 Speaker 1: and in seventeen o two Queen Anne became Queen of England, 423 00:25:52,720 --> 00:25:56,480 Speaker 1: Queen of Scotland and Queen of Ireland. It's very confusing 424 00:25:56,520 --> 00:25:59,800 Speaker 1: where well, Scotland was still independent, they still had their 425 00:25:59,800 --> 00:26:03,280 Speaker 1: own parliament, their own legal system. Uh. In seventeen o seven, 426 00:26:03,359 --> 00:26:07,520 Speaker 1: during Queen as Queen Anne's reign, the English and Scottish 427 00:26:07,560 --> 00:26:12,320 Speaker 1: parliaments passed separate Acts of Union, and on May first, 428 00:26:12,600 --> 00:26:16,159 Speaker 1: seventeen o seven, the kingdoms of England and Scotland ceased 429 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:19,119 Speaker 1: to exist and were replaced by the Kingdom of Great Britain. 430 00:26:20,040 --> 00:26:24,520 Speaker 1: So now Anne as the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland. Okay. 431 00:26:24,560 --> 00:26:28,280 Speaker 1: So that means that while Anne was Queen, she was 432 00:26:28,400 --> 00:26:33,480 Speaker 1: the last Queen of England. Yes. And then after these 433 00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:37,440 Speaker 1: acts were passed in seventeen o seven, she automatically became 434 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:41,200 Speaker 1: the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland. That's right. Since 435 00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:44,719 Speaker 1: seventeen o seven it has been incorrect to call anyone 436 00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:48,400 Speaker 1: the king or Queen of England. Yes. Stories not over 437 00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:52,760 Speaker 1: yet gets more complicated. The next century, Ireland was separate, 438 00:26:53,040 --> 00:26:56,119 Speaker 1: separate kingdom. It gained its own parliament and then eight 439 00:26:56,359 --> 00:26:59,720 Speaker 1: hundred that all changed when Irish and British parliaments passed 440 00:26:59,720 --> 00:27:02,280 Speaker 1: separate Acts of Union, creating the United Kingdom of Great 441 00:27:02,320 --> 00:27:06,960 Speaker 1: Britain and Ireland one country eighteen o one. So it 442 00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:09,880 Speaker 1: was three separate kingdoms prior to seventeen o seven. Now 443 00:27:09,960 --> 00:27:14,040 Speaker 1: one kingdom ruled from London. The active Union passed an 444 00:27:14,080 --> 00:27:16,840 Speaker 1: eighteen hundred and it's still in force today, although there's 445 00:27:16,840 --> 00:27:18,879 Speaker 1: been amendments of course along the way. Then George the 446 00:27:18,920 --> 00:27:21,880 Speaker 1: Third at that time was the King of the United 447 00:27:21,960 --> 00:27:26,040 Speaker 1: Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It's even more confusing 448 00:27:26,080 --> 00:27:29,719 Speaker 1: because Ireland had their problems. Nineteen twenty two, they partitioned 449 00:27:30,640 --> 00:27:33,320 Speaker 1: off what was the Irish Free State and then eventually 450 00:27:33,359 --> 00:27:36,480 Speaker 1: the Republic of Ireland was created. In the nineteen twenty 451 00:27:36,520 --> 00:27:39,600 Speaker 1: seven the name was changed to the United Kingdom of 452 00:27:39,600 --> 00:27:43,680 Speaker 1: Great Britain and Northern Ireland UH and at that same 453 00:27:43,680 --> 00:27:47,320 Speaker 1: time United Kingdom was removed from the title King. George 454 00:27:47,359 --> 00:27:49,480 Speaker 1: the Fifth, the king at the time, became King of 455 00:27:49,520 --> 00:27:53,800 Speaker 1: Great Britain and Ireland. Eventually, in nineteen fifty three, we 456 00:27:53,920 --> 00:27:58,159 Speaker 1: arrived at Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the grace 457 00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:01,440 Speaker 1: of God, the Kingdom of Right Britain, in Northern Ireland 458 00:28:01,960 --> 00:28:04,920 Speaker 1: and of her other realms and territories, Queen Head of 459 00:28:04,960 --> 00:28:08,240 Speaker 1: the Commonwealth, Defender of the faith man. So she's not 460 00:28:08,280 --> 00:28:11,320 Speaker 1: the Queen of England, Nope, not. You don't hear England 461 00:28:11,320 --> 00:28:14,840 Speaker 1: in that title. And then you know she also has 462 00:28:14,880 --> 00:28:18,440 Speaker 1: titles in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Jamaica. Yes, she's 463 00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:21,760 Speaker 1: the Queen of Canada. I didn't know all that stuff. 464 00:28:21,800 --> 00:28:26,879 Speaker 1: The Queen of Australia, yeah, And they're not the Queen, 465 00:28:27,040 --> 00:28:30,480 Speaker 1: not the Queen of England, no man. She's the Queen 466 00:28:30,480 --> 00:28:34,080 Speaker 1: of the United Kingdom, of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 467 00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:38,320 Speaker 1: But the reason why she is the um the Queen 468 00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:40,920 Speaker 1: of England and the Queen of Australia is because there 469 00:28:41,080 --> 00:28:45,160 Speaker 1: was a treaty in agreement amongst these other countries and 470 00:28:45,480 --> 00:28:49,040 Speaker 1: Great Britain that basically said, you guys can go off 471 00:28:49,080 --> 00:28:51,920 Speaker 1: on your own, but keep the queen, will you. And 472 00:28:52,680 --> 00:28:55,280 Speaker 1: she's not the Queen of like you guys aren't part 473 00:28:55,320 --> 00:28:58,920 Speaker 1: of this territory, but keep her as your queen. So 474 00:28:59,320 --> 00:29:03,080 Speaker 1: she is, in addition to the Queen of Great Britain 475 00:29:03,080 --> 00:29:07,320 Speaker 1: and Northern Ireland separately, the Queen of Canada and the 476 00:29:07,400 --> 00:29:10,080 Speaker 1: Queen of Australia, but she assigns a governor to like 477 00:29:10,120 --> 00:29:13,640 Speaker 1: do all the work, right, and so she's strictly a 478 00:29:13,640 --> 00:29:17,480 Speaker 1: figurehead there. And the reason why she's strictly a figurehead 479 00:29:17,480 --> 00:29:21,000 Speaker 1: there is because in practice she's supposed to approve all 480 00:29:21,080 --> 00:29:26,240 Speaker 1: treaties and and all sorts of powerful legislation, but her 481 00:29:26,440 --> 00:29:32,840 Speaker 1: her agent never opposes the Parliament of Canada or Australia. Yeah. Man, 482 00:29:32,880 --> 00:29:35,440 Speaker 1: it's super confusing, but she's still the Queen of Canada 483 00:29:35,480 --> 00:29:37,600 Speaker 1: and the Queen of Australia. Back in the day, it 484 00:29:37,640 --> 00:29:40,800 Speaker 1: was a lot easier because the monarchs had absolute power, 485 00:29:40,920 --> 00:29:44,120 Speaker 1: well not absolute power, well remember the Pope could get 486 00:29:44,160 --> 00:29:46,800 Speaker 1: them or they could be subject to train aside. Yeah, 487 00:29:46,880 --> 00:29:50,640 Speaker 1: and basically they they had the last word, but they 488 00:29:50,640 --> 00:29:53,240 Speaker 1: had all these other people that were advising them. And 489 00:29:54,080 --> 00:29:56,040 Speaker 1: you don't want to make enemies of the people that 490 00:29:56,120 --> 00:29:59,280 Speaker 1: are taking care of your land and making you money 491 00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:01,520 Speaker 1: and raising their own private armies, because that's where the 492 00:30:01,520 --> 00:30:04,040 Speaker 1: taraniside can come in exactly. So you want to pretty 493 00:30:04,120 --> 00:30:07,080 Speaker 1: much kind of keep things copacetic as much as possible, 494 00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:09,120 Speaker 1: or you're gonna have the English Civil War yes, if 495 00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:13,560 Speaker 1: you're smart and not an inbred dingbat, you know, because 496 00:30:13,560 --> 00:30:19,160 Speaker 1: there are plenty of kings that ruled like complete nuts jobs. 497 00:30:19,320 --> 00:30:21,920 Speaker 1: And then those nobles too that we talked about, um, 498 00:30:21,960 --> 00:30:27,040 Speaker 1: that weren't royal but noble. They also formalized and the 499 00:30:27,080 --> 00:30:30,920 Speaker 1: dukes and bishops started evolving eventually into what became the 500 00:30:30,920 --> 00:30:33,480 Speaker 1: House of Lords, which is the upper house of British Parliament. 501 00:30:33,760 --> 00:30:36,320 Speaker 1: And even today the House of Lords is still made 502 00:30:36,400 --> 00:30:39,640 Speaker 1: up of several dozen of those hereditary nobles and a 503 00:30:39,680 --> 00:30:42,120 Speaker 1: lot of life peers that are appointed by the Queen. 504 00:30:42,120 --> 00:30:44,240 Speaker 1: And that's when you were talking about with you know, 505 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:46,600 Speaker 1: she has to sort of balance it out politically with 506 00:30:46,640 --> 00:30:52,000 Speaker 1: these peerage appointments. And she still plays an enormously ceremonial 507 00:30:52,200 --> 00:30:56,680 Speaker 1: role in England. You know, she's a huge tourism draw. 508 00:30:57,080 --> 00:30:59,520 Speaker 1: She's the head of state, all that jazz. Yeah. Um. 509 00:30:59,720 --> 00:31:03,120 Speaker 1: But and in other countries the monarchies are are even 510 00:31:03,160 --> 00:31:07,920 Speaker 1: more ceremonial, like in Japan, the Imperial family UM the 511 00:31:07,960 --> 00:31:14,400 Speaker 1: heir to the um the emperorship. Sure, his name is 512 00:31:14,440 --> 00:31:18,800 Speaker 1: Prince he Saihido, and he recently got his um ceremonial 513 00:31:19,840 --> 00:31:24,440 Speaker 1: age six haircut really and more pants for the first time. 514 00:31:24,440 --> 00:31:27,960 Speaker 1: There's like apparently if you're from the outside, you're like, 515 00:31:28,120 --> 00:31:30,600 Speaker 1: what are these people doing? But this is like these 516 00:31:30,600 --> 00:31:34,360 Speaker 1: are traditions that are steeped back again to the sixth 517 00:31:34,400 --> 00:31:39,320 Speaker 1: century BC for this lineage, um, but they are strictly 518 00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:42,280 Speaker 1: ceremonial as a result of World War two treaties, it's 519 00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:47,280 Speaker 1: the same lineage. Yeah, yeah, remarkable, but then and supposedly 520 00:31:47,320 --> 00:31:50,920 Speaker 1: they're no longer deities. But if you're a Shinto in Japan, 521 00:31:51,520 --> 00:31:56,080 Speaker 1: you like view the emperor as the highest apex of 522 00:31:56,120 --> 00:31:59,960 Speaker 1: your religion and of you know, the monarchy is why 523 00:32:00,320 --> 00:32:03,920 Speaker 1: wow uh sometimes you it's it's not ceremonial at all. 524 00:32:03,960 --> 00:32:07,040 Speaker 1: Like in Jordan's they're a constitutional monarchy, and the king 525 00:32:07,040 --> 00:32:09,760 Speaker 1: of Jordan's um in this article they equated to the 526 00:32:09,840 --> 00:32:14,840 Speaker 1: US president. So they have appointments, appoint judges, they sign laws, um. 527 00:32:14,960 --> 00:32:17,480 Speaker 1: But they can be overruled by the National Assembly. But 528 00:32:18,040 --> 00:32:22,160 Speaker 1: they actually have a job to do. In Jordan, it's good, 529 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:24,960 Speaker 1: good for them. Although it might be nice just to 530 00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:27,440 Speaker 1: be purely ceremonial. I bet that's a that's a cushy 531 00:32:27,480 --> 00:32:29,880 Speaker 1: life right there. I bet it wouldn't be very nice 532 00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:34,160 Speaker 1: for whatever transitional monarch lost power and now has to 533 00:32:34,200 --> 00:32:37,880 Speaker 1: just do whatever Parliament says. But yeah, I'm sure if 534 00:32:37,920 --> 00:32:42,440 Speaker 1: you're like Harry, he's having fun. Yeah, you bet he is. 535 00:32:43,560 --> 00:32:47,200 Speaker 1: Some of them, some royals are famous for not letting 536 00:32:47,240 --> 00:32:50,640 Speaker 1: all of this go to their head. Like apparently Scandinavian 537 00:32:50,760 --> 00:32:55,040 Speaker 1: royals are called bicycle monarchs. Just regular folks. Yeah, they 538 00:32:55,080 --> 00:32:57,920 Speaker 1: ride bikes. Yeah, I don't know about it's like everybody. Yeah, 539 00:32:58,000 --> 00:33:01,400 Speaker 1: they're not even expensive bikes, not bit. They're pretty nice. 540 00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:04,480 Speaker 1: But when you think royals typically you think like Sultan 541 00:33:04,560 --> 00:33:09,400 Speaker 1: of Brunei or um King of Monico and Princess Grace 542 00:33:09,480 --> 00:33:14,280 Speaker 1: Kelly and just incredible wealth for the British monarchs. Again, 543 00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:16,760 Speaker 1: that's a good will to go back to for this 544 00:33:16,760 --> 00:33:18,800 Speaker 1: one too. Yeah, let's go over a couple of these things, 545 00:33:18,840 --> 00:33:22,840 Speaker 1: because life is pretty good at Buckingham Palace two hundred 546 00:33:22,960 --> 00:33:27,360 Speaker 1: forty bedrooms in London, four hundred servants, not bad. That 547 00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:33,080 Speaker 1: seems excessive windsor q E two's family retreat eight thrones, 548 00:33:33,880 --> 00:33:37,880 Speaker 1: eight thrones among six d and fifty rooms, not bad, 549 00:33:38,720 --> 00:33:43,120 Speaker 1: but you mentioned it's a pretty good ratio. Brunei. Uh. 550 00:33:43,160 --> 00:33:45,200 Speaker 1: That is where things get really crazy. That is the 551 00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:49,240 Speaker 1: world's largest palace um almost eighteen hundred rooms and they 552 00:33:49,280 --> 00:33:53,600 Speaker 1: have a throne room tiled and solid gold and chandeliers 553 00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:57,479 Speaker 1: that cost twelve million dollars. Wow. They must be royal 554 00:33:58,200 --> 00:34:01,200 Speaker 1: in the Britannia, which um, I don't think they use anymore. 555 00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:05,120 Speaker 1: I wonder why not the royal yacht? Did they retire 556 00:34:05,120 --> 00:34:10,040 Speaker 1: it because it was wasteful? Do you know? No? I 557 00:34:10,080 --> 00:34:12,160 Speaker 1: don't know. Someone will tell us. I know that Jimmy 558 00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:14,920 Speaker 1: Carter sold the presidential yacht because he thought it was 559 00:34:14,920 --> 00:34:18,640 Speaker 1: wasteful and excessive? Did he really? Did he sell it 560 00:34:18,680 --> 00:34:24,600 Speaker 1: to private company? Really? That's kind of cool? Um? And 561 00:34:24,640 --> 00:34:26,480 Speaker 1: then the I guess we should talk about pretenders to 562 00:34:26,520 --> 00:34:29,400 Speaker 1: the throne. Yeah, that's an important thing. Um. That is 563 00:34:29,440 --> 00:34:33,440 Speaker 1: not someone pretending um to be king, although sometimes it's 564 00:34:33,440 --> 00:34:36,720 Speaker 1: a case. But a pretender is someone who uh doesn't 565 00:34:36,719 --> 00:34:40,640 Speaker 1: hold the crown but lays claim to it. They're saying like, hey, 566 00:34:40,719 --> 00:34:43,799 Speaker 1: that person is an illegitimate king. I should be king, 567 00:34:44,800 --> 00:34:47,880 Speaker 1: but I'm really just a sad pretender. That that happens 568 00:34:47,880 --> 00:34:52,080 Speaker 1: sometimes when like a monarchy is deposed. Okay, it doesn't 569 00:34:52,120 --> 00:34:55,680 Speaker 1: necessarily mean that there's somebody who's holding the throne, although 570 00:34:55,680 --> 00:34:59,040 Speaker 1: it can it can like there can be no throne anymore. 571 00:34:59,560 --> 00:35:03,200 Speaker 1: And this whatever family was in charge when the monarchy 572 00:35:03,239 --> 00:35:05,720 Speaker 1: was deposed is still keeping track of all this stuff 573 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:08,400 Speaker 1: in case they can never go back. And whoever is 574 00:35:08,440 --> 00:35:13,280 Speaker 1: the king in that secession is the pretender to the throne. Okay, 575 00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:15,200 Speaker 1: I got you. That's the other way it can happen, 576 00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:17,080 Speaker 1: all right. Right for this break, we're gonna talk a 577 00:35:17,080 --> 00:35:19,600 Speaker 1: little bit more about what life is like if you 578 00:35:19,760 --> 00:35:36,680 Speaker 1: are a royal m m all right. So we talked 579 00:35:36,680 --> 00:35:40,759 Speaker 1: about some of the opulence, uh of the royals and 580 00:35:40,880 --> 00:35:43,440 Speaker 1: how they love to to show off their wealth and 581 00:35:43,640 --> 00:35:48,480 Speaker 1: stick your nose in it. You're a commoner. Um. These days, children, 582 00:35:48,640 --> 00:35:51,200 Speaker 1: if you're a royal child, you have all the best education. 583 00:35:51,520 --> 00:35:53,319 Speaker 1: But that wasn't always a case. They used to be 584 00:35:53,360 --> 00:35:56,799 Speaker 1: big dummies for the most part. Like they didn't even 585 00:35:56,800 --> 00:35:59,440 Speaker 1: want them to go to school or to learn military 586 00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:03,160 Speaker 1: tech dicks because they wanted them to just sit around 587 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:08,080 Speaker 1: and eat you know, turkey turkey legs all day, don't 588 00:36:08,080 --> 00:36:10,799 Speaker 1: even worry about the book learning. Right, So you gotta 589 00:36:10,840 --> 00:36:12,640 Speaker 1: had a bunch of dumb royals back in the day, 590 00:36:12,760 --> 00:36:17,239 Speaker 1: dumb monarchies. Yeah again, um, Prince he Sahito is the 591 00:36:17,320 --> 00:36:21,640 Speaker 1: first in the Japanese Imperial family to go to an 592 00:36:21,680 --> 00:36:25,319 Speaker 1: elementary school rather than the specific school designed just for 593 00:36:26,239 --> 00:36:29,160 Speaker 1: the youngest kids of the royal family, like a school 594 00:36:29,160 --> 00:36:32,640 Speaker 1: of three people, yeah, or one at the time. Yeah, 595 00:36:32,680 --> 00:36:35,400 Speaker 1: that's private tutelage, right, yeah, I guess so, yeah, but 596 00:36:35,560 --> 00:36:38,239 Speaker 1: they call it a school if you're really young, like 597 00:36:38,280 --> 00:36:40,360 Speaker 1: sometimes you'll be a king and you're just a little 598 00:36:40,360 --> 00:36:42,960 Speaker 1: baby or like a like you said, like a little 599 00:36:43,120 --> 00:36:47,480 Speaker 1: little toddler. You're gonna be assisted by people called regents, 600 00:36:47,520 --> 00:36:49,480 Speaker 1: and they are going to be running the show for 601 00:36:49,520 --> 00:36:52,719 Speaker 1: the most part until the king or queen can come 602 00:36:52,760 --> 00:36:58,520 Speaker 1: of age. So chuck, here's the thing, um there. People 603 00:36:58,719 --> 00:37:03,959 Speaker 1: often take potshots at royal saying that they're genetically unsound. 604 00:37:04,440 --> 00:37:10,120 Speaker 1: It is true, apparently, um. Pretty much around the world, 605 00:37:10,440 --> 00:37:17,120 Speaker 1: royal families are fairly well in bred. It's because of 606 00:37:17,239 --> 00:37:21,160 Speaker 1: power consolidation over millennia, and so even if you had 607 00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:25,560 Speaker 1: let's say two or three royal families in a country 608 00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:28,399 Speaker 1: that were considered royal, but only one was in line 609 00:37:28,440 --> 00:37:30,680 Speaker 1: for the throne at the time, they might want to 610 00:37:31,160 --> 00:37:34,359 Speaker 1: kind of keep it amongst themselves. So even though they're 611 00:37:34,360 --> 00:37:38,920 Speaker 1: intermarrying between the families. It's still just basically like intermarrying 612 00:37:39,000 --> 00:37:42,440 Speaker 1: between three families. Yeah, and it's to keep the bloodline pure, 613 00:37:42,520 --> 00:37:45,520 Speaker 1: which has always struck me as odd because it's uh 614 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:50,160 Speaker 1: results in some uh you know, disease and genetic defects 615 00:37:50,480 --> 00:37:53,719 Speaker 1: pretty much. Yeah, and and um like, apparently that's where 616 00:37:53,760 --> 00:37:58,040 Speaker 1: hemophilia came from. Yeah, and that was a gift courtesy 617 00:37:58,080 --> 00:38:01,840 Speaker 1: of Queen Victoria. Apparently. The reason why this happens is 618 00:38:02,520 --> 00:38:06,120 Speaker 1: you can't just say it's inbreeding. It's when you have 619 00:38:06,320 --> 00:38:11,040 Speaker 1: a narrower, shallow gene pool that you're pulling from, the 620 00:38:11,239 --> 00:38:17,799 Speaker 1: possibility of recessive genes appearing is increased. So if you 621 00:38:17,880 --> 00:38:21,040 Speaker 1: have two people who have both have a copy of 622 00:38:21,040 --> 00:38:24,680 Speaker 1: a recessive gene, that genes going to become dominant and 623 00:38:24,719 --> 00:38:27,120 Speaker 1: come to the forefront, and so a lot of stuff 624 00:38:27,160 --> 00:38:29,440 Speaker 1: that normally wouldn't pop up in a person when you 625 00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:32,920 Speaker 1: just are inter mingling in a normal sized gene pool, 626 00:38:33,360 --> 00:38:36,080 Speaker 1: you're gonna have a lot of problems because these people 627 00:38:36,120 --> 00:38:40,319 Speaker 1: all share the same genes roughly, and so recessive genes 628 00:38:40,360 --> 00:38:43,959 Speaker 1: are popping up in pairs. That's right, that's a big 629 00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:47,320 Speaker 1: problem actually. Yeah, and a lot of royals throughout the years, 630 00:38:47,320 --> 00:38:51,400 Speaker 1: and a lot of different countries have been um have 631 00:38:51,480 --> 00:38:56,000 Speaker 1: been mad. Yeah, you found an article on some mad 632 00:38:56,040 --> 00:38:58,239 Speaker 1: ones since Yeah, I picked out a few of these. Um, 633 00:38:58,360 --> 00:39:01,040 Speaker 1: King Georgia third, he was probably the most famous. Um. 634 00:39:01,040 --> 00:39:03,719 Speaker 1: The movie Madness of King George is in my top 635 00:39:03,760 --> 00:39:06,600 Speaker 1: one by the way. Oh yeah, great, great movie. So 636 00:39:06,719 --> 00:39:09,359 Speaker 1: I was listening to is it Keneth Durant who does 637 00:39:09,520 --> 00:39:13,640 Speaker 1: uh MPR movie reviews? I think? So? He did this 638 00:39:13,800 --> 00:39:18,399 Speaker 1: awesome like essay on on sequels and now there's an 639 00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:21,399 Speaker 1: art to naming a sequel, And he was saying that 640 00:39:21,760 --> 00:39:25,720 Speaker 1: the stage play originally was the Madness of George the Third, 641 00:39:26,320 --> 00:39:28,520 Speaker 1: but when they turned it into a movie in America, 642 00:39:28,800 --> 00:39:31,120 Speaker 1: they decided they need to rename it because they didn't 643 00:39:31,160 --> 00:39:34,200 Speaker 1: want American filmgoers to think that this was the Madness 644 00:39:34,239 --> 00:39:38,280 Speaker 1: of George three than that missed the first two. So yeah, 645 00:39:38,320 --> 00:39:43,880 Speaker 1: wow it's not interesting. Yeah, dumb Americans. Yeah, Madness of 646 00:39:43,960 --> 00:39:48,359 Speaker 1: King George. Uh he had all kinds of wacky behavior. Um, 647 00:39:48,400 --> 00:39:51,279 Speaker 1: supposedly attempting to shake hands with a tree because he 648 00:39:51,280 --> 00:39:52,839 Speaker 1: thought it was a King of Prussia. Didn't that sound 649 00:39:52,840 --> 00:39:57,600 Speaker 1: like something Mr Burns would do? Yeah, totally Uh these 650 00:39:57,680 --> 00:40:00,080 Speaker 1: days Um, you know, they tried and diagnose all the 651 00:40:00,160 --> 00:40:02,440 Speaker 1: people now with what they think they might have had. 652 00:40:02,760 --> 00:40:06,040 Speaker 1: And they believe he might have had schizophrenia, or maybe 653 00:40:06,040 --> 00:40:09,880 Speaker 1: he was bipolar, or maybe he had this blood disorder 654 00:40:10,080 --> 00:40:15,600 Speaker 1: called poor porphyria and that is hereditary and um, it 655 00:40:15,680 --> 00:40:21,000 Speaker 1: can mimic madness. And then you have Christian the seventh 656 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:24,719 Speaker 1: of Denmark from seventeen eight seven to eighteen o eight. 657 00:40:24,960 --> 00:40:31,600 Speaker 1: He um had these wild mood swings, hallucinations, paranoia, self mutilation. Um, 658 00:40:31,640 --> 00:40:34,960 Speaker 1: he may have been schizophrenic and also may have suffered 659 00:40:35,400 --> 00:40:40,080 Speaker 1: from porphyria or porphyria. So that was another one. And 660 00:40:40,120 --> 00:40:43,520 Speaker 1: then more recently Farouk of Egypt. This one is my favorite. 661 00:40:43,520 --> 00:40:46,520 Speaker 1: In ninety six, Like you can find pictures of this guy, 662 00:40:46,560 --> 00:40:49,200 Speaker 1: which is kind of fun. Well, yeah, he was around 663 00:40:49,200 --> 00:40:52,719 Speaker 1: in nineteen thirty six. He loved his sports cars so 664 00:40:52,800 --> 00:40:55,000 Speaker 1: much so he loved his red sports cars. They he 665 00:40:55,080 --> 00:40:56,839 Speaker 1: decreed no one else was allowed to have a red 666 00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:59,600 Speaker 1: car in all of Egypt. Yeah, and he would apparently 667 00:40:59,600 --> 00:41:01,360 Speaker 1: shoot out the tires of people that passed him on 668 00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:06,520 Speaker 1: the road. And they think that he had misophobia, which 669 00:41:06,600 --> 00:41:10,239 Speaker 1: was a fear of contamination, so he would search for 670 00:41:11,160 --> 00:41:15,600 Speaker 1: germs and little imaginary bits of dirt and um. It 671 00:41:15,719 --> 00:41:18,920 Speaker 1: was also reportedly a kleptomaniac who may or may not 672 00:41:19,000 --> 00:41:23,400 Speaker 1: have stolen Winston Churchill's watch. So he was a little wacky. 673 00:41:23,440 --> 00:41:26,839 Speaker 1: Two I'd lied, Chuck. That guy was tied for first 674 00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:31,360 Speaker 1: from my favorite king Charles the sixth of France. Melissa's deal. Dude, 675 00:41:31,360 --> 00:41:34,839 Speaker 1: he was. He was pretty out of it. He um 676 00:41:35,000 --> 00:41:38,719 Speaker 1: apparently got very paranoid that people were after him, so 677 00:41:38,760 --> 00:41:43,640 Speaker 1: he murdered some of his own nights and he uh man, 678 00:41:44,480 --> 00:41:47,720 Speaker 1: I thought that he was made of glass and had 679 00:41:48,000 --> 00:41:51,279 Speaker 1: clothes made for him, special clothes. He wouldn't allow to 680 00:41:51,440 --> 00:41:54,239 Speaker 1: anyone to touch him um because he thought that he 681 00:41:54,239 --> 00:41:57,359 Speaker 1: would shatter. Actually, apparently he would forget he was king. 682 00:41:57,400 --> 00:42:00,840 Speaker 1: He didn't recognize his family. They're not exactly sure what 683 00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:04,080 Speaker 1: it is like all these guys. They diagnose the schizophrenia, bipolar, 684 00:42:04,239 --> 00:42:07,760 Speaker 1: right right. I think the most um, the most exact 685 00:42:07,800 --> 00:42:11,080 Speaker 1: one was missophobia for Farouk. Yeah, but the rest of 686 00:42:11,080 --> 00:42:13,680 Speaker 1: them is how do you diagnose somebody like that? Now? 687 00:42:13,719 --> 00:42:17,480 Speaker 1: You can't like hundreds of years later. It's tough. But 688 00:42:17,560 --> 00:42:22,480 Speaker 1: there have been some wacky mad rulers. There have some monarchs. 689 00:42:23,040 --> 00:42:26,000 Speaker 1: You got anything else? Yeah, this one last bit about crowns. 690 00:42:27,400 --> 00:42:30,640 Speaker 1: I learned this. I thought there was one crown that 691 00:42:30,760 --> 00:42:32,359 Speaker 1: was like, if you're the king or the queen, you've 692 00:42:32,360 --> 00:42:35,080 Speaker 1: got your one single crown. Yeah, that's what I thought too, 693 00:42:35,160 --> 00:42:38,960 Speaker 1: but that isn't true. Apparently they have different crowns worn 694 00:42:39,040 --> 00:42:42,920 Speaker 1: by their ancestors, and they even create their own for 695 00:42:43,880 --> 00:42:47,319 Speaker 1: special events like coronation. Yeah, where to have your own 696 00:42:47,320 --> 00:42:50,040 Speaker 1: crown or something made for you. Yeah, and you've heard 697 00:42:50,040 --> 00:42:52,720 Speaker 1: the term heavy ways to crown. They can be super heavy. 698 00:42:53,360 --> 00:42:57,279 Speaker 1: King William the Force coronation crown with seven pounds. That's 699 00:42:57,360 --> 00:42:59,880 Speaker 1: heavy crown. That is heavy. King George the Fifth had 700 00:42:59,880 --> 00:43:02,919 Speaker 1: a two pound crown with six thousand diamonds. But Queen 701 00:43:03,040 --> 00:43:06,879 Speaker 1: Victoria it was like that stuff. I want a little 702 00:43:06,960 --> 00:43:09,359 Speaker 1: light crown because that's obnoxious and it hurts my head. 703 00:43:09,719 --> 00:43:12,200 Speaker 1: I was trying to find. I have this idea that 704 00:43:12,320 --> 00:43:18,120 Speaker 1: um crowns were originally fashioned to um represent a halo. 705 00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:22,120 Speaker 1: So I don't know, I'm making it up. Oh gotcha, 706 00:43:22,200 --> 00:43:26,160 Speaker 1: but it sounds right because remember, like forever, monarchs has 707 00:43:26,200 --> 00:43:30,719 Speaker 1: been like remember I'm holy um. And the closest I 708 00:43:30,719 --> 00:43:34,560 Speaker 1: could find is that in pre Christian Rome. There was 709 00:43:34,600 --> 00:43:38,319 Speaker 1: a cult, a sun cult that I think a lot 710 00:43:38,400 --> 00:43:42,399 Speaker 1: of the Roman emperors were members of, and they would 711 00:43:42,400 --> 00:43:44,919 Speaker 1: wear crowns that look like the Statue of Liberties crown, 712 00:43:45,320 --> 00:43:49,840 Speaker 1: which emulated rays of sunlight. Ah, so that's what those 713 00:43:49,880 --> 00:43:53,440 Speaker 1: early crowns are based on. I like your theory. I'm 714 00:43:53,480 --> 00:43:55,640 Speaker 1: going with it. Statue of Liberty is a member of 715 00:43:55,640 --> 00:43:58,560 Speaker 1: a Roman sun cult. Well, no, I like the about 716 00:43:58,560 --> 00:44:01,360 Speaker 1: the halo. I'm just gonna start telling people it's true. 717 00:44:02,239 --> 00:44:05,160 Speaker 1: I think. Yeah, tell him Josh you, Yeah, tell him 718 00:44:05,239 --> 00:44:09,480 Speaker 1: Josh sent you. Yeah that I got nothing else? All right, Well, 719 00:44:09,520 --> 00:44:11,680 Speaker 1: if you want to learn more about royals, you can 720 00:44:11,680 --> 00:44:13,880 Speaker 1: type that word into the search part at how stuff 721 00:44:13,920 --> 00:44:17,120 Speaker 1: works dot com and it will bring up this excellent 722 00:44:17,239 --> 00:44:20,520 Speaker 1: article by Ed Grabmanowski. Yeah, the grab Store. Uh. And 723 00:44:20,520 --> 00:44:24,839 Speaker 1: since I said grab Banowski, it's time for listener. Now, 724 00:44:26,719 --> 00:44:29,400 Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this random number generation. We did our 725 00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:33,840 Speaker 1: show on number stations and random number number generation is 726 00:44:33,880 --> 00:44:36,640 Speaker 1: a key to the number station. This is from Aaron 727 00:44:36,800 --> 00:44:40,680 Speaker 1: in Toronto, Ontario, Okay, Canada. Hey guys, just listen to 728 00:44:40,719 --> 00:44:43,920 Speaker 1: your recent podcast and number stations. It was fascinating. Had 729 00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:46,239 Speaker 1: no idea what these words till you described them, gave 730 00:44:46,280 --> 00:44:49,719 Speaker 1: an example. Then I suddenly remembered scanning through the frequencies 731 00:44:50,080 --> 00:44:51,960 Speaker 1: on my little shortwave radio. I'm picking up some of 732 00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:55,279 Speaker 1: those trainsmissions. Never really thought about what they were and 733 00:44:55,320 --> 00:44:56,719 Speaker 1: what they meant at the time. I was too caught 734 00:44:56,800 --> 00:44:59,759 Speaker 1: up in thinking about where they were broadcasting from. Since 735 00:44:59,800 --> 00:45:02,640 Speaker 1: of vice has always had an accent, I wanted to 736 00:45:02,640 --> 00:45:06,680 Speaker 1: add a small detail about computers generating random numbers. Modern 737 00:45:06,680 --> 00:45:09,960 Speaker 1: computers are indeed capable of generating truly random numbers, but 738 00:45:10,080 --> 00:45:13,400 Speaker 1: often the random data is generated too slowly to be 739 00:45:13,440 --> 00:45:17,640 Speaker 1: of great use. So what they do is UH use 740 00:45:17,880 --> 00:45:21,240 Speaker 1: some true random data to see the high quality pseudo 741 00:45:21,360 --> 00:45:24,839 Speaker 1: random generator algorithm which can generate random numbers as quickly 742 00:45:24,880 --> 00:45:27,720 Speaker 1: as needed. But doesn't that make it less than random? 743 00:45:28,120 --> 00:45:31,080 Speaker 1: I don't know. It seems like every so often the 744 00:45:31,120 --> 00:45:34,759 Speaker 1: algorithm is receded from the true random source to keep 745 00:45:34,800 --> 00:45:38,280 Speaker 1: the sequences more random. While what you said is not wrong, 746 00:45:38,719 --> 00:45:41,000 Speaker 1: it was missing a bit of detail that those of 747 00:45:41,040 --> 00:45:43,160 Speaker 1: us who enjoy the nitty gritty details don't want to 748 00:45:43,160 --> 00:45:47,080 Speaker 1: be overlooked. Smiley face, Thanks for a great podcast. My 749 00:45:47,120 --> 00:45:49,279 Speaker 1: wife and I often listen to pass the time on 750 00:45:49,280 --> 00:45:54,640 Speaker 1: our two hour road trip to and from the cottage. Well, Aaron, 751 00:45:54,760 --> 00:45:57,680 Speaker 1: good for you for having a cottage. And I said, 752 00:45:57,680 --> 00:45:59,879 Speaker 1: you're coming to see us in Toronto for our lives. 753 00:46:00,560 --> 00:46:03,239 Speaker 1: He's like, I didn't even know. How do you not know? 754 00:46:03,600 --> 00:46:06,719 Speaker 1: And then he bought tickets and I think he's gonna come. Awesome. Yeah, 755 00:46:06,920 --> 00:46:10,120 Speaker 1: I'm very excited. Is it gonna be fun shows. If 756 00:46:10,160 --> 00:46:12,000 Speaker 1: you want to get in touch with Chuck and I, 757 00:46:12,280 --> 00:46:14,760 Speaker 1: you can tweet to us at s y s K podcast. 758 00:46:14,840 --> 00:46:16,840 Speaker 1: You can join us on Facebook dot com, slash Stuff 759 00:46:16,840 --> 00:46:18,920 Speaker 1: you Should Know. You can send us an email to 760 00:46:19,040 --> 00:46:22,240 Speaker 1: stuff Podcast at how Stuff Works dot com, and as always, 761 00:46:22,320 --> 00:46:24,200 Speaker 1: joined us at our home on the web, Stuff you 762 00:46:24,200 --> 00:46:28,920 Speaker 1: Should Know dot com. Stuff you Should Know is a 763 00:46:28,920 --> 00:46:32,320 Speaker 1: production of I Heart Radio. For more podcasts my Heart Radio, 764 00:46:32,560 --> 00:46:35,560 Speaker 1: visit the i Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever 765 00:46:35,560 --> 00:46:37,000 Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows.