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Speaker 1: Cool Zone Media.

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Speaker 2: Hello, and welcome to Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff.

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Speaker 2: It is the fourth part of a four parter, a

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Speaker 2: rerun of a thing and you've already heard me reintroduce

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Speaker 2: it three times, and here's the fourth time. Here it goes,

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Speaker 2: hello and welcome to the show. This one is not

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Speaker 2: the other shows that are cool people who did cool stuff.

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Speaker 2: I'm your host, Martare Kiljoy, and this is a history

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Speaker 2: show about cool people who did cool stuff. My guest

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Speaker 2: this week and last week and forever, well, unfortunate enough forever,

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Speaker 2: but we're gonna have her on as much as possible

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Speaker 2: is Miriam.

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Speaker 3: I'm Miriam him, so happy to be back.

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Speaker 2: Miriam is our resident tall ship expert, which is definitely

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Speaker 2: a big part of this. But we still haven't revealed

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Speaker 2: the reason that Miriam is the guest this week, and

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Speaker 2: it's going to come at the end. Yips.

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Speaker 3: I will, however, bring up tall ships whenever I can.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, no, I'm you know. Most of this is going

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Speaker 2: to take place in the Dakotas, so I will be impressed.

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Speaker 3: I texted you about the time the American Indian Movement

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Speaker 3: took over the replica of the Mayflower. Did we ever

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Speaker 3: find out anything more about that.

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Speaker 2: No, Unfortunately, it's not. They took over so many things.

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Speaker 2: There's like there are entire takeovers that are like footnotes

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Speaker 2: in the book that I read and like it's impressive. Okay,

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Speaker 2: But first, our producer, Sophie why it's me, your producer,

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Speaker 2: Sophie Hi. Our audio engineer is named Ian hi Ian

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Speaker 2: Hi Hi Ian. Our theme music was written for us

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Speaker 2: by unwoman. And this is part four of a four

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Speaker 2: part on Lakota resistance to the American and it's also

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Speaker 2: a broader it will figure out idly and make it

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Speaker 2: right because this is absolutely broader than La Cota Resistance.

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Speaker 2: It was like the first week was that, and now

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Speaker 2: we're gonna be talking about all this other stuff. There's

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Speaker 2: so much. There's so much, and I was like this,

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Speaker 2: I can't actually right now make this until like a

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Speaker 2: six or eight parter. So I think I'll be back

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Speaker 2: to do a lot more of this stuff. But where

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Speaker 2: we last left our heroes and you will be completely

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Speaker 2: not caught up if you don't go back and listen

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Speaker 2: to at least Monday's episode, if not last week's episodes,

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Speaker 2: is that the American Indian Movement is reigning Champs of

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Speaker 2: taking stuff over and Leonard Peltier. Peltier is on the run,

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Speaker 2: and well he will be soon that the time stuff

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Speaker 2: is let's just go into it. We're gonna take this

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Speaker 2: story over now to Pine Ridge. We're a super shitty,

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Speaker 2: corrupt asshole named Dick Wilson. And I'm not saying that

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Speaker 2: everyone with a name Dick is a bad person, but

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Speaker 2: it it's a little on the nose.

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Speaker 3: You're setting yourself up. Like if your name is Richard

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Speaker 3: and you're gonna be a real piece of shit, maybe

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Speaker 3: don't like introduce yourself with like call me Dick, because

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Speaker 3: we're already gonna.

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Speaker 2: Because it's like it would be a good ironic name,

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Speaker 2: like a really, if you're Richard and you're a really

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Speaker 2: sweet guy, go by Dick. It is like kind of funny,

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Speaker 2: you know, yeah, your kids will because no one under

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Speaker 2: the age of seventy goes by the name Dick. But

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Speaker 2: this Dick, Dick Wilson had just become president of the

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Speaker 2: Pine Ridge Tribal Council. He'd already almost been indicted for

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Speaker 2: in Besley money even before he was ever president, and

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Speaker 2: he is quoted as saying, quote, there's nothing in tribal

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Speaker 2: law against nepotism, so he immediately gave huge salaries to

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Speaker 2: his wife, brother, cousins, sons, and nephew. And these are

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Speaker 2: salaries of like twenty five thousand a year when which

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Speaker 2: I looked up, twenty five thousand and nineteen seventy three

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Speaker 2: is about one hundred and seventy three thousand today. Pretty

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Speaker 2: nice salary.

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Speaker 3: Wouldn't you feel like if you're describing what you're doing

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Speaker 3: as nepotism, that that's like kind you know, it's bad

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Speaker 3: on the people that you're Like if you're like, ah, yes,

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Speaker 3: let me hire my wife's son cousin for nepotism reasons,

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Speaker 3: like you don't even want to try to pretend they're

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Speaker 3: good at their jobs, Like.

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Speaker 2: No, yeah, just to fucking just give them all of

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Speaker 2: the money he's He is an absolute grifter. The median

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Speaker 2: salary on Pine Raise Reservation was eight hundred dollars a year,

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Speaker 2: and he is paying more than twenty five times that

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Speaker 2: to a fuck ton of his relatives.

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Speaker 3: Man this stick for.

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Speaker 2: Some weird reason that we'll explain at great length over

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Speaker 2: the course of the next hour. He hated the American

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Speaker 2: Indian Movement. He hated Russell means in particular because Russell

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Speaker 2: means kept was gonna run against him. You know, he

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Speaker 2: kept arresting AIM leaders every chance he could. They kept

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Speaker 2: trying to get him impeached. The votes to impeach him

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Speaker 2: got more votes than he'd gotten as votes in the

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Speaker 2: actual election, but nothing was done. He also a classic

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Speaker 2: move here, had his own paramilitary force, like every fascist ever.

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Speaker 2: He had in addition to you know, being involved with

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Speaker 2: the Bia police, he had the Guardians of the Oglala

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Speaker 2: Nation or goons. They were known as goons, especially later

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Speaker 2: in the story, They're going to kill a fucked people.

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Speaker 2: He sold off the land to white people at discount rates.

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Speaker 2: He least one eighth of the reservation to private companies,

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Speaker 2: and so the government loves him, yeah, because I mean

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Speaker 2: this is their whole ship. Yeah, because they're all about

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Speaker 2: the resource extraction, and he is leasing out mineral rights

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Speaker 2: and selling shit to white people.

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Speaker 3: That's so much like you have to actually like get

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Speaker 3: up pretty early in the morning and like put in

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Speaker 3: the hours to to do that much harm.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. Yeah, But but Dick was willing to do it.

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Speaker 2: You know, Dick gets it done. That was his.

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Speaker 3: Are we MA sure enough to take this topic on Margaret.

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Speaker 2: I don't know. I'm not sure. So when another guy,

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Speaker 2: Wesley bad Heart Bull, was murdered by a random white

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Speaker 2: racist who literally said to his friend, I'm gonna go

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Speaker 2: kill me an Indian and then went out and killed

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Speaker 2: Wesley Badheart Bull, Aim showed up. There's this whole big thing.

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Speaker 2: Riot is another way to describe it, but we'll go

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Speaker 2: with things where basically Aim was like showed up to

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Speaker 2: talk to officials, and so they all the cops attacked.

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Speaker 2: The cops beat up Wesley's mother when she tried to

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Speaker 2: enter the courthouse.

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Speaker 3: Jesus Christ.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, so folks rioted. They overturned two cop cars and

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Speaker 2: set them on fire. The Chamber of Commerce next door,

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Speaker 2: which was empty for the night, was burned to the ground.

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Speaker 3: That's okay. Nobody knows what a chamber of commerce even does.

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Speaker 2: I don't know what a chamber of commerce does. I

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Speaker 2: wasn't sure it was. It referred to it as the

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Speaker 2: abandoned Chamber of Commerce, and I was like, I think

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Speaker 2: that means it's empty for the night. Maybe it was

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Speaker 2: actually just an abandoned building. And they were like, fuck

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Speaker 2: this building. I don't know what that means.

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Speaker 3: You're legally allowed to set it on fire.

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Speaker 2: I I mean, yeah, So the courthouse cops beat up

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Speaker 2: a grieving mother on the steps of Custer Courthouse, Jesus,

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Speaker 2: in the city of You gotta warn me.

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Speaker 3: You kept warning me when you weren't shocking me, and

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Speaker 3: then you spring something like Custer Courthouse on me, and

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Speaker 3: that actually shock me. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, No. It was Custer Courthouse in the city of Custer,

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Speaker 2: in the County of Custer, and Sarah Badheart Bull, the mother,

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Speaker 2: was arrested alongside twenty nine others for these riots. She

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Speaker 2: went on to spend five months in prison for the riot.

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Speaker 2: Her son's killer got two months probation. Jesus. At this point,

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Speaker 2: local folks are asking aim to help deal with Dick

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Speaker 2: Wilson and get justice for all of this shit that's happening, right,

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Speaker 2: and so people decided to take a stand, and so

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Speaker 2: they went to a symbolic place. They went to a

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Speaker 2: small town called Wounded Knee, which was the place of

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Speaker 2: the mascer was at the end of last week's episodes

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Speaker 2: of eighteen ninety. On February twenty seventh, nineteen seventy three,

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Speaker 2: two hundred indigenous folks occupied the town and changed history

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Speaker 2: and because this stuff gets argued a lot, right, Aim

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Speaker 2: is like, you have a run across the outside agitator thing.

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Speaker 3: I'm familiar with the outside agitator thing.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So basically, whenever there's a rowdy thing, people are like,

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Speaker 2: obviously people who live here would never be rowdy. There

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Speaker 2: is a mythical place called outside where all of the

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Speaker 2: bad people come from. And so like later, Aim is

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Speaker 2: going to be accused by the state of being outside agitator.

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Speaker 2: So that's why I'm pointing out that AIM was instrumental

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Speaker 2: in the occupation of Wounded Knee, but they were explicitly

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Speaker 2: invited there by all of the traditional leaders of the

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Speaker 2: Oglala Lakota people of all sorts of indigenous nations showed up,

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Speaker 2: invited and occupied the town of Wounded Knee. To quote

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Speaker 2: a woman named Madonna Gilbert quote, the elder said, what

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Speaker 2: can we do to wake these Indians up? We have

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Speaker 2: to take a stand somewhere. So we decided that the

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Speaker 2: symbolic place would be Wounded Knee. What happened there was

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Speaker 2: never expected. We figured we'd just be there two or

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Speaker 2: three days. We were never told to bring food or anything.

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Speaker 2: I just had my jacket in my purse and my

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Speaker 2: two kids. We didn't realize what was happening until we

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Speaker 2: were surrounded. We never broke the law in any way

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Speaker 2: or did one thing wrong. It was the FEDS who

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Speaker 2: were breaking the law by being on the reservation without jurisdiction,

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Speaker 2: without any real permission from the people. Because yeah, two

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Speaker 2: hundred people show up to Wounded Knee to do a

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Speaker 2: big symbolic thing. As soon as they show up, the

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Speaker 2: US marshals surround the place. They with sandbags and machine

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Speaker 2: gun nests, armored personnel carriers, one hundred and thirty three

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Speaker 2: thousand rounds of five to five six ammunition for their

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Speaker 2: M sixteens. The excuse that the government used is that

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Speaker 2: the Indigenous people had white hostages, because there's white people

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Speaker 2: who lived in Wounded Knee. It's true that white people

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Speaker 2: lived in Wounded Knee. It is not true that the

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Speaker 2: American Indian Movement had hostages. This is not speculation on

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Speaker 2: my part. When most left left when the occupation started,

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Speaker 2: most of the white people left. No one stopped them

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Speaker 2: from doing that. The others were like, now we're good,

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Speaker 2: we live here, we'll stay as voluntary hostages. Take it

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Speaker 2: from oh yeah, take it from Wilbur Regert, who was

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Speaker 2: eighty two years old at the time or maybe when

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Speaker 2: he was interviewed it ten years later. He's not a

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Speaker 2: young man. He said, quote, we as a group of hostages,

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Speaker 2: decided to stay on to save Aim and our own property.

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Speaker 2: Had we not, those troops would have come down here

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Speaker 2: and killed all those people. The real hostages are the

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Speaker 2: Aim people because they were weren't allowed out, you know.

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Speaker 3: Yeah. Yeah, people being held somewhere is kind of definitionally.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and so like wow, yeah, like good on those people,

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Speaker 2: you know.

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Speaker 3: Fuck yeah. That is.

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Speaker 2: Eventually all of the white residents left, not because of Aim,

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Speaker 2: because of the threat and the actual islands from the

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Speaker 2: government because the government kept shooting up the town even

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Speaker 2: though there were quote unquote hostages. There never change settler colonialism.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, if only there were a contemporary parallel to a

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Speaker 3: government that was very, very very concerned about hostages.

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Speaker 2: Except when it comes to keeping them safe.

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Speaker 3: Except when it comes to doing absolutely anything to keeping

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Speaker 3: them safe. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So some of the people who are there. One

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Speaker 2: Iglala woman said her grandfather had barely survived the eighteen

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Speaker 2: ninety Wounded Knee massacre, so she wasn't going to leave

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Speaker 2: her people to die alone. And she wasn't a fighter,

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Speaker 2: she never picked up arms, but she stayed. On March ninth,

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Speaker 2: the first firefight broke out. No one knows who started it.

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Speaker 2: On March tenth, the government lifted the blockade, hoping the

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Speaker 2: aim rabble rousers, like the outside agitators would all just flee.

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Speaker 2: You know, they didn't.

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Speaker 3: I mean because the outside agitator thing the only like,

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Speaker 3: it only makes sense if you are.

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Speaker 4: A government provocateur trying to get people in trouble. Like

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Speaker 4: a government provocateur trying to get people in trouble might

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Speaker 4: embed themselves with a group, kick off some spicy shit,

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Speaker 4: and then immediately leave. But like somebody who's actually trying

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Speaker 4: to get a cause going or like trying to support something,

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Speaker 4: they're not going to do that. So it's like law

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Speaker 4: enforcement can only think like law enforcement, like.

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Speaker 3: They can't actually, yeah, they have this mythical outside agitator

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Speaker 3: who is just them.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, totally, Like how the right wing is always like,

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Speaker 2: oh they bust They're like they bust across the country

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Speaker 2: or whatever, and it's like, no, they bust across the country.

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Speaker 2: Anti fascists they're everywhere.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, Like I've literally, like I've been at like a

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Speaker 3: while back, there was this. There were a bunch of

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Speaker 3: protests in Lower Manhattan because there was an Islamic center

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Speaker 3: being reopened near near the World Trade Center, like and

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Speaker 3: this like on Fox News, became the ground zero Mosque.

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Speaker 3: It was a whole thing. I saw buses from like

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Speaker 3: fucking Alabama show up in Manhattan and like unload entire

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Speaker 3: church congregations to show up and oppose this. And it's

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Speaker 3: like that's the thing that they always accuse us of doing,

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Speaker 3: you know, because it's what they do.

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Speaker 2: Like, yeah, absolutely, So no one flees on March tenth,

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Speaker 2: or maybe some people whatever. The occupation continues. On March eleventh,

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Speaker 2: the occupiers declare the independent Glala Nation and propose to

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Speaker 2: discuss its treaty with the US as equals. And the

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Speaker 2: press eats this all up. The European press called it

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Speaker 2: wounded me too, and actually the press is positive at

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Speaker 2: this point. As far as I can tell, the ceasefire

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Speaker 2: was broken within days and the blockade was back on.

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Speaker 2: Lawyers from Saint Paul formed the this is the best

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Speaker 2: name any legal organization has ever had, as far as

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Speaker 2: I can tell, they formed the Wounded Knee Legal Defense

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Speaker 2: Slash Offense Committee. Hell yeah, the FBI declared that group

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Speaker 2: a revolutionary organization for arguing that the blockade was illegal.

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Speaker 3: I mean fine, yeah, I know exactly I could do that.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, their work in the Court's got a temporary restraining

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Speaker 2: order in place and also got six lawyers and six

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Speaker 2: car loads of food into the occupation.

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Speaker 3: Nice. I like how you've been highlighting this a lot,

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Speaker 3: but I just like want to mention, like how much

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Speaker 3: you see aim like working from all angles on this,

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Speaker 3: like on the ground occupation court battles like going on,

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Speaker 3: yeah at you know, at the same time and for

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Speaker 3: the same goals.

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Speaker 2: Absolutely, and civil disobedience alongsided alongside armed occupations, just depending

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Speaker 2: on what is necessary at that time, you know. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: so the army eventually shows up. Ironically, it's possible that

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Speaker 2: the presence of the army is what kept the FBI

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Speaker 2: in the US marshals from just like running in and

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Speaker 2: murdering everyone. That asshole tribal leader Dick Wilson and his goons.

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Speaker 2: They set up another blockade around the government one trying

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Speaker 2: to support the government one, and soon they're calling on

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Speaker 2: non Native patriots to come and join with guns to

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Speaker 2: put down the Oglala rebellion.

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Speaker 3: But who is calling for that, the the goons.

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Speaker 2: Or yeah, Dick Wilson and his guys. Yeah, so they're

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Speaker 2: calling on the like white militias.

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Speaker 3: Basically, Yeah, when you definitely have the safety and well

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Speaker 3: being of Indigenous people at heart, that's what you do,

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Speaker 3: is you call for white militias.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. Inside the occupation Leonard crow Dog, who, as I

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Speaker 2: pointed out, was the one of the first spiritual leaders

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Speaker 2: to support the American Indian movement. He brought back the

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Speaker 2: ghost dance after receiving a vision from his great grandfather,

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Speaker 2: and it was the first time that had been danced

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Speaker 2: in eighty three years, according to at least I believe him.

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Speaker 2: By March twenty sixth, the last phone line into the

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Speaker 2: place was cut by the FEDS and the last news

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Speaker 2: crew NBC was forced out by the FEDS, which is

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Speaker 2: not when good things happen.

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Speaker 3: No, when they make you turn off the cameras.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, as soon as the news crews were gone, they

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Speaker 2: just started shooting the shit out of the town. Five

294
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Speaker 2: to twenty thousand rounds in total were shot on that

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Speaker 2: one day alone into the town. The reason that more

296
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Speaker 2: people didn't die is that A fuck ton of the

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Speaker 2: AIM folks were vets and they'd been digging bunkers because

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Speaker 2: they had just come back from from Vietnam. No one, mmmmm,

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Speaker 2: no one was killed that day. There's a couple people

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Speaker 2: are gonna die. I'll talk about them. But one US

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Speaker 2: marshal was wounded during that firefight, almost certainly by one

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Speaker 2: of the goons. Even the US marshals admit that they

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Speaker 2: were like, ah, this is the most likely thing, right, Well, you.

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Speaker 3: Set up you set up a ring of guys around,

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Speaker 3: a ring of guys around a town, like you can't

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Speaker 3: shoot over the inner ring of guys. Like that's that's

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Speaker 3: not how blits work.

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Speaker 2: No, the Patriot isn't there with artillery. They're there with

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Speaker 2: fucking guns. Five members of AIM are later going to

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Speaker 2: be charged for this wounding that even the US marshals

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Speaker 2: admit wasn't AIM. By the end of March, AIM was

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Speaker 2: ready to negotiate, and they were starting to run out

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Speaker 2: of food. Their demand was to start talking seriously about

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Speaker 2: the fucking terms of the eighteen sixty eight treaty. And

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Speaker 2: just as an aside, I can't remember if we talked

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Speaker 2: about this last time or not. We act like the

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Speaker 2: broken treaties are like lessly long ago, right, I think

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Speaker 2: was it you who brought this up? Eighteen sixty A

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Speaker 2: is a hell of a lot more recent than plenty

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Speaker 2: of the laws that we enforced in the United States,

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Speaker 2: Like I don't know the fucking Constitution of the United States.

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Speaker 3: I don't think I am the one who brought that up.

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Speaker 3: But like, yeah, it's it also, like you can't just

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Speaker 3: be like, oh, well, it was a long time ago,

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Speaker 3: so it doesn't matter when you're like yeah, like just

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Speaker 3: saying like, well, if we wait long enough after the

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Speaker 3: broken treaty, then it's like it's not broken anymore. And

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Speaker 3: it's like, so by failing to redress the harm, you

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Speaker 3: have negated the harm. Like no, that's the literal opposite

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Speaker 3: of how that works. Like that works when you have

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Speaker 3: like some drama in your social scene. Like that works

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Speaker 3: for like your interactions with other people's polydrama, you know exactly.

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Speaker 2: You're like, oh, like you are both kind of dicks,

334
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Speaker 2: and during that breakup and I'm kind of mad, and

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Speaker 2: then a couple of years later you're like whatever.

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Speaker 3: You know, Yeah, that works if somebody is like, let's

337
00:20:03,800 --> 00:20:08,399
Speaker 3: just cool off, but you can't like you can't commit

338
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Speaker 3: genocide and dispossess people and like commit massacres and be like,

339
00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:15,239
Speaker 3: let's just cool off for a bit. We've forgotten about it,

340
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Speaker 3: haven't you.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. Well, And so what the government said to them was, well,

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Speaker 2: we can't talk about the eighteen sixty eight treaty because

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Speaker 2: of the eighteen seventy one thing, where we can't negotiate

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Speaker 2: with you like you're a government. And so Aim was like,

345
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Speaker 2: I hate to be the one to explain how chronology works,

346
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Speaker 2: but eighteen sixty eight is actually a lower number than

347
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Speaker 2: eighteen seventy one, and the treaty precedes that. Russell means,

348
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Speaker 2: who's one of the leaders of this occupation? He says,

349
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Speaker 2: quote in his long quote, but I think it's worth it.

350
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Speaker 2: This is our last gasp as a sovereign people. And

351
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Speaker 2: if we don't get these treaty rights recognized as equal

352
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Speaker 2: to the Constitution of the United States, as by law

353
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Speaker 2: they are, then you might as well kill me, because

354
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Speaker 2: I have no reason for living. And that's why I'm

355
00:21:02,760 --> 00:21:05,560
Speaker 2: here in wounded knee, because nobody is recognizing the Indian

356
00:21:05,560 --> 00:21:09,400
Speaker 2: people as human beings. They're laughing it off. In Time magazine,

357
00:21:09,400 --> 00:21:11,760
Speaker 2: in Newsweek and the editors in New York and what

358
00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:15,000
Speaker 2: have you. They're treating this as a silly matter, just

359
00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:18,240
Speaker 2: as they've treated Indian people throughout history. We're tired of

360
00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:20,200
Speaker 2: being treated this way, and we're not going to be

361
00:21:20,280 --> 00:21:23,240
Speaker 2: treated like that anymore. You're going to have to kill

362
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Speaker 2: us because I'm not going to die in some barroom brawl.

363
00:21:26,560 --> 00:21:28,520
Speaker 2: I'm not going to die in a car wreck on

364
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Speaker 2: some lonely road on the reservation because I've been drinking

365
00:21:31,320 --> 00:21:34,760
Speaker 2: to escape the oppression of this goddamn society. I'm not

366
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Speaker 2: going to die when I walk into Pine Ridge and

367
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Speaker 2: Dickie's goons feel like I should be off. That's not

368
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Speaker 2: the way I'm going to die. I'm going to die

369
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Speaker 2: fighting for my treaty rights. Period. We haven't demanded any

370
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Speaker 2: radical changes here, only that the United States government live

371
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Speaker 2: up to its own laws. It is precedent setting that

372
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Speaker 2: a group of radicals, when the minds of some are

373
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Speaker 2: acting outside the law, are just in turn asking the

374
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Speaker 2: law to live up to its own. We're not asking

375
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Speaker 2: for any radical changes. We're just asking for the law

376
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Speaker 2: to be equitably applied to all.

377
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Speaker 3: Fuck yeah, I feel like that's what I say. Every

378
00:22:11,640 --> 00:22:13,440
Speaker 3: time you get done reading a quote, you've been reading

379
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Speaker 3: some fucking bangers. Yeah, I mean yeah, stick to the

380
00:22:19,800 --> 00:22:26,520
Speaker 3: terms of the eighteen sixty eight treaty is a moderate demand. Absolutely,

381
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Speaker 3: get the hell off the entire continent would be a radical,

382
00:22:30,840 --> 00:22:35,240
Speaker 3: though reasonable demand, right totally. And like the fact that

383
00:22:35,240 --> 00:22:38,480
Speaker 3: they're willing to like come to the table with sticks

384
00:22:38,480 --> 00:22:41,679
Speaker 3: to the agreement you already made with us is like

385
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Speaker 3: a huge concession on their part.

386
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Speaker 2: Absolutely. You know what else is a huge concession. The

387
00:22:50,280 --> 00:22:54,840
Speaker 2: fact that concessions, Oh that's good. I was going to say,

388
00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:57,959
Speaker 2: is our concession to capitalism that we let it interject

389
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Speaker 2: into anti capitalist.

390
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Speaker 3: I was picturing it like you're a movie theater and

391
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Speaker 3: like sending people out to the concessions.

392
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Speaker 2: I actually don't know. I'm a I'm be copyrighted. Go

393
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Speaker 2: buy some popcorn from our advertisers. Here it goes. Here

394
00:23:13,280 --> 00:23:22,159
Speaker 2: they are, and we're back. So by April fifth, the

395
00:23:22,240 --> 00:23:26,119
Speaker 2: government signed an agreement with them, a delegation of folks

396
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Speaker 2: would submit to arrest, post bond and go to d

397
00:23:29,480 --> 00:23:33,480
Speaker 2: C to discuss all of this. Russell means Leonard crow

398
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Speaker 2: Dog and Chief Tom Badcob did so. Get ready put

399
00:23:38,280 --> 00:23:39,320
Speaker 2: on your shocked face.

400
00:23:40,400 --> 00:23:44,359
Speaker 3: See, every time you say that the US government breaks

401
00:23:44,359 --> 00:23:46,919
Speaker 3: a promise, I know, but every time I don't say it,

402
00:23:46,960 --> 00:23:47,480
Speaker 3: they do too.

403
00:23:47,640 --> 00:23:52,440
Speaker 2: They just don't. They're not good at keeping promises. It's

404
00:23:52,480 --> 00:23:56,000
Speaker 2: almost like they never intended to. By the time they

405
00:23:56,040 --> 00:23:58,040
Speaker 2: got to d C, the government went back on their

406
00:23:58,040 --> 00:24:00,280
Speaker 2: word and said they wouldn't negotiate unless every one in

407
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Speaker 2: Wounded kne disarmed.

408
00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:05,159
Speaker 3: That's a different thing from what they said before.

409
00:24:05,600 --> 00:24:08,080
Speaker 2: Yeah, and there's some bad history of people in wounded

410
00:24:08,119 --> 00:24:13,439
Speaker 2: Knee being asked to disarm. Yeah, it is less that

411
00:24:13,600 --> 00:24:16,240
Speaker 2: history repeats itself and more like the US government has

412
00:24:16,280 --> 00:24:18,000
Speaker 2: not changed in the fucking slightest.

413
00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:20,960
Speaker 3: It's yeah, history doesn't repeat itself so much as the

414
00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:24,399
Speaker 3: US government doesn't learn and expects that other people won't either.

415
00:24:24,760 --> 00:24:29,240
Speaker 2: Yeah, totally. Uh so, they literally just want to disarm

416
00:24:29,320 --> 00:24:31,639
Speaker 2: the rebels and wounded kne after lying about being willing

417
00:24:31,640 --> 00:24:37,520
Speaker 2: to negotiate again, and the delegation said, sure, we can

418
00:24:37,600 --> 00:24:40,840
Speaker 2: do that. We will disarm only if everyone in wounded

419
00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:45,359
Speaker 2: Knee your side as well as ours, is disarmed. And

420
00:24:45,400 --> 00:24:49,479
Speaker 2: the government is like flabbergasted. They're like what, there's like

421
00:24:49,560 --> 00:24:51,720
Speaker 2: all of these like long quotes from cops who are like,

422
00:24:52,119 --> 00:24:55,879
Speaker 2: but I need my gun. I can't do things without

423
00:24:55,880 --> 00:25:00,600
Speaker 2: a gun. It's all I have. Yeah, this because gun

424
00:25:00,640 --> 00:25:04,000
Speaker 2: control is all it's fucking been in the United States

425
00:25:04,240 --> 00:25:05,959
Speaker 2: is we want the guns in the hands of cops,

426
00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:13,320
Speaker 2: not indigenous people resisting colonization. So by April eighth, folks

427
00:25:13,359 --> 00:25:15,280
Speaker 2: were like, well, then I guess it's a long fucking

428
00:25:15,359 --> 00:25:21,280
Speaker 2: siege because they didn't given supplies were carried in by supporters,

429
00:25:21,280 --> 00:25:23,960
Speaker 2: I believe, both Indigenous and non Indigenous, who carried them

430
00:25:23,960 --> 00:25:26,600
Speaker 2: through the snow at night, hiking for miles with forty

431
00:25:26,600 --> 00:25:34,919
Speaker 2: pound bags of food past two different fucking encirclements, right, incredible, Yeah,

432
00:25:35,280 --> 00:25:37,560
Speaker 2: one of which that's so brave. I don't know whether

433
00:25:37,560 --> 00:25:40,159
Speaker 2: I'd be more I would be more afraid of hiking

434
00:25:40,160 --> 00:25:44,640
Speaker 2: through the like militia blockade, because that's the one. No,

435
00:25:44,680 --> 00:25:46,000
Speaker 2: they would both shoot you, I don't know.

436
00:25:46,160 --> 00:25:50,920
Speaker 3: Yeah, but like the I Yeah, it's it's very much

437
00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:54,120
Speaker 3: a like six on one. It's like if somebody, if somebody,

438
00:25:54,960 --> 00:25:59,880
Speaker 3: if I'm hiking past militia and cops or army or whatever,

439
00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:03,320
Speaker 3: and like a scary noise happens, I know they're both

440
00:26:03,359 --> 00:26:06,119
Speaker 3: going to open fire from all directions, you know, and

441
00:26:06,160 --> 00:26:08,640
Speaker 3: shoot each other, and then you're gonna actual shoot each other.

442
00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:10,800
Speaker 3: I'm going to get shot. I'm gonna go to jail

443
00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:13,480
Speaker 3: after having been shot for them shooting each other. Like

444
00:26:13,520 --> 00:26:17,560
Speaker 3: it's a bad scene. It's very scary. I'm like, that's

445
00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:18,800
Speaker 3: very cool that people did that.

446
00:26:19,920 --> 00:26:22,359
Speaker 2: Many were arrested, but more kept coming. And there was

447
00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:25,800
Speaker 2: one particular outrageous stunt that like there's a whole book

448
00:26:25,840 --> 00:26:31,600
Speaker 2: about three planes parachuted in fifteen hundred pounds of food.

449
00:26:32,359 --> 00:26:37,679
Speaker 2: Hell yeah, And this was like all these like Vietnam

450
00:26:37,800 --> 00:26:43,920
Speaker 2: Vet hippie types, you know, and it was like so cool.

451
00:26:44,000 --> 00:26:46,040
Speaker 3: They yeah, that's awesome.

452
00:26:46,359 --> 00:26:48,800
Speaker 2: Yeah, they and they like where do we get a plane?

453
00:26:49,320 --> 00:26:51,240
Speaker 3: Was that? Where did they get a plane?

454
00:26:51,400 --> 00:26:52,760
Speaker 2: Well, that was a big part of it. They had

455
00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:54,159
Speaker 2: like they were going to do this one plane, and

456
00:26:54,160 --> 00:26:55,359
Speaker 2: then it wasn't big enough, so then they were like,

457
00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:56,720
Speaker 2: we're gonna get this really big plane, but then they

458
00:26:56,720 --> 00:26:58,080
Speaker 2: couldn't get it. So then they were like, we're gonna

459
00:26:58,080 --> 00:27:00,920
Speaker 2: take these three small planes and then like one of

460
00:27:00,960 --> 00:27:04,520
Speaker 2: them like I think, oh god, I didn't write it

461
00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:07,200
Speaker 2: into the script. I think one of them like lost

462
00:27:07,240 --> 00:27:09,959
Speaker 2: its tail during part of the fucking delivery. I think

463
00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:12,800
Speaker 2: it might have gotten shot. I can't remember, and it

464
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:17,520
Speaker 2: still did it, and they like amazing. They they did

465
00:27:17,560 --> 00:27:20,040
Speaker 2: some seriously badashit to get fifteen hundred punds of food

466
00:27:20,080 --> 00:27:21,359
Speaker 2: into this occupation.

467
00:27:22,040 --> 00:27:27,320
Speaker 3: I like during the seventies, security at airports was basically like, well,

468
00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:28,840
Speaker 3: if you walk up and wave a piece of paper,

469
00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:30,200
Speaker 3: you can probably steal a plane.

470
00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:32,600
Speaker 2: Oh they didn't steal the plane. They rented planes or

471
00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:34,080
Speaker 2: like they were all like a bunch of pilots. They

472
00:27:34,119 --> 00:27:37,399
Speaker 2: were like flying their planes and like oh shit, okay, no,

473
00:27:37,480 --> 00:27:40,560
Speaker 2: this is like this is like piloty people who are like, hell, yeah,

474
00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:41,280
Speaker 2: is what we're gonna do.

475
00:27:41,800 --> 00:27:43,960
Speaker 3: This isn't just people who came back from Vietnam knowing

476
00:27:43,960 --> 00:27:45,760
Speaker 3: how to fly planes. This is people who were like

477
00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:48,280
Speaker 3: still flying planes as their job and like hat access

478
00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:48,800
Speaker 3: to planes.

479
00:27:49,520 --> 00:27:51,960
Speaker 2: I think that they were back in renting planes. I

480
00:27:52,600 --> 00:27:53,240
Speaker 2: can't remember.

481
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,240
Speaker 3: I don't know where you get planes, like, I don't

482
00:27:56,320 --> 00:27:58,920
Speaker 3: I don't know how this works, but awesome.

483
00:27:59,040 --> 00:28:00,879
Speaker 2: I think some people had their own plane and some

484
00:28:00,960 --> 00:28:05,080
Speaker 2: people I listened to a really long thing about it

485
00:28:05,080 --> 00:28:06,880
Speaker 2: that was totally worth listening to. But there's a lot

486
00:28:06,880 --> 00:28:09,840
Speaker 2: of ins and outs that I didn't write into it, but.

487
00:28:09,760 --> 00:28:11,880
Speaker 3: What meanes were obtained.

488
00:28:11,520 --> 00:28:16,560
Speaker 2: Planes were obtained, food was dropped. Government snipers tried to

489
00:28:16,640 --> 00:28:18,000
Speaker 2: kill the children who went out to get it.

490
00:28:19,400 --> 00:28:19,880
Speaker 3: Jesus.

491
00:28:21,080 --> 00:28:25,800
Speaker 2: Sometimes it gets represented, or like as possibly understood by

492
00:28:25,840 --> 00:28:29,880
Speaker 2: its participants, not only as more of a long hair

493
00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:33,400
Speaker 2: versus short hair fight than red versus white, because a

494
00:28:33,440 --> 00:28:36,200
Speaker 2: good chunk of the people laying siege were those goons

495
00:28:36,280 --> 00:28:38,840
Speaker 2: and like Bia and all these folks right, a lot

496
00:28:38,880 --> 00:28:42,400
Speaker 2: of them were indigenous, short hair indigenous folks and their

497
00:28:42,400 --> 00:28:46,520
Speaker 2: short hair vigilante white allies. While the guys flying airplanes

498
00:28:46,520 --> 00:28:48,680
Speaker 2: of food in were these like long haired white.

499
00:28:48,480 --> 00:28:52,160
Speaker 3: Guys, ah right.

500
00:28:52,920 --> 00:28:55,040
Speaker 2: And at one point to allay suspicions, that.

501
00:28:55,280 --> 00:28:57,200
Speaker 3: Also didn't realize the plane guys were white.

502
00:28:57,280 --> 00:28:59,960
Speaker 2: Okay, oh yeah, I couldn't promise all of them are,

503
00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:04,920
Speaker 2: but I believe it probably not. At one point, in

504
00:29:05,040 --> 00:29:08,440
Speaker 2: order to ally suspicions, they pretended that they were a

505
00:29:08,560 --> 00:29:11,280
Speaker 2: rock band who was going to air drop sound equipment

506
00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:12,880
Speaker 2: ahead of a show.

507
00:29:15,760 --> 00:29:18,680
Speaker 3: You know how rock bands, how rock bands are always

508
00:29:19,040 --> 00:29:21,840
Speaker 3: how rock bands have their own air force and are always.

509
00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:29,680
Speaker 2: They're like, we're metal acalypse, yeah, we're spinal tap yeah,

510
00:29:29,720 --> 00:29:32,400
Speaker 2: And so and it absolutely this is about indigenous rights,

511
00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:34,920
Speaker 2: but length of hair was a powerful symbol at them.

512
00:29:35,160 --> 00:29:39,240
Speaker 3: Oh yeah, the establishment in the sixties and seventies was

513
00:29:39,280 --> 00:29:43,160
Speaker 3: absolutely terrified of anybody whose hair went past their ears.

514
00:29:43,400 --> 00:29:50,040
Speaker 2: Yeah. April seventeenth, a Cherokee occupier named Frank Clearwater was

515
00:29:50,120 --> 00:29:53,200
Speaker 2: gunned down in a firefight less than twenty four hours

516
00:29:53,200 --> 00:29:57,960
Speaker 2: after he arrived. I read one version where he actually

517
00:29:58,040 --> 00:30:00,400
Speaker 2: wasn't in the firefight. The firefight was happening and he

518
00:30:00,480 --> 00:30:04,440
Speaker 2: was like in the church. Another man who died is

519
00:30:04,480 --> 00:30:08,800
Speaker 2: a way murkier situation. A black civil rights activist named

520
00:30:08,840 --> 00:30:11,840
Speaker 2: Ray Robinson showed up and then was never seen again.

521
00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:16,560
Speaker 2: And there's an awful lot of versions about of this story,

522
00:30:16,600 --> 00:30:22,200
Speaker 2: and I suspect everyone's lying. Frankly, the most likely thing

523
00:30:22,800 --> 00:30:25,040
Speaker 2: is that AM activists killed him for one reason or

524
00:30:25,040 --> 00:30:29,360
Speaker 2: another and buried his body. It's never been found. Some

525
00:30:29,480 --> 00:30:31,920
Speaker 2: folks say that he was killed because people thought he

526
00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:35,640
Speaker 2: was an FBI spy. Others say that they killed him

527
00:30:35,640 --> 00:30:38,920
Speaker 2: in self defense, that he came at people with a knife.

528
00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:43,320
Speaker 2: Other folks, generally anti AM folks, say that personality conflicts

529
00:30:43,760 --> 00:30:46,680
Speaker 2: made some people really angry, and that he came in

530
00:30:46,760 --> 00:30:49,600
Speaker 2: preaching nonviolence and wouldn't pick up a gun in a firefight,

531
00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:53,760
Speaker 2: and people are like, you fucking coward. No one who

532
00:30:53,840 --> 00:30:58,280
Speaker 2: knows is talking like some of the AM leaders are

533
00:30:58,320 --> 00:31:00,120
Speaker 2: like I've never heard that name. And people are like

534
00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:03,280
Speaker 2: this guy like, no, I don't know, I don't know

535
00:31:03,280 --> 00:31:06,640
Speaker 2: anything about him. This won't be This isn't the only

536
00:31:06,680 --> 00:31:10,840
Speaker 2: potential murder by aim during their years. Just but I

537
00:31:10,840 --> 00:31:18,160
Speaker 2: don't know the I don't know. Yeah, the government would

538
00:31:18,200 --> 00:31:20,400
Speaker 2: turn water off and on again to fuck with people.

539
00:31:20,440 --> 00:31:22,880
Speaker 2: They couldn't turn it off permanently because it would disrupt

540
00:31:22,880 --> 00:31:25,320
Speaker 2: water to the outlying areas where like white people might live.

541
00:31:25,720 --> 00:31:30,720
Speaker 2: You know. It was during the Wounded Knee too. During

542
00:31:30,760 --> 00:31:33,000
Speaker 2: Wounded Knee Too. It doesn't have the there's no definite

543
00:31:33,080 --> 00:31:36,320
Speaker 2: article here that Marlon Brando refused an oscar for his

544
00:31:36,400 --> 00:31:39,400
Speaker 2: performance in the Godfather and had an Indigenous woman named

545
00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:42,880
Speaker 2: Sashine Little Feather give a speech in his place. It's

546
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:44,719
Speaker 2: a pretty it's worth watching.

547
00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:48,040
Speaker 3: I think she was only only able to give a

548
00:31:48,560 --> 00:31:52,200
Speaker 3: tiny part of the speech. Yes, is what I remember

549
00:31:52,240 --> 00:31:55,160
Speaker 3: hearing that she had The two of them had collaboratively

550
00:31:55,200 --> 00:31:58,680
Speaker 3: written a long statement that she was supposed to read

551
00:31:58,840 --> 00:32:02,200
Speaker 3: and she basically thirty seconds to give a statement and

552
00:32:02,240 --> 00:32:04,520
Speaker 3: then was like rushed out there before John Wayne could

553
00:32:04,520 --> 00:32:06,080
Speaker 3: beat the shit out of her, which he was attempting

554
00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:06,320
Speaker 3: to do.

555
00:32:07,040 --> 00:32:09,720
Speaker 2: Yep. And in the prepared speech, which she then later

556
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:14,800
Speaker 2: read to press, it specifically talked about Wounded Ny God

557
00:32:15,480 --> 00:32:17,600
Speaker 2: forgot about the John Wayne. Didn't forget about John Wayne part.

558
00:32:17,640 --> 00:32:19,400
Speaker 2: I tried to forget about the John Wayne part. You know.

559
00:32:19,560 --> 00:32:21,760
Speaker 3: Yeah, no, like a real piece of shit, that guy.

560
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:26,360
Speaker 2: Yeah. Black Power icon Angela Davis tried to enter Wounded

561
00:32:26,400 --> 00:32:28,440
Speaker 2: Knee in March and was turned away by the Feds.

562
00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:29,920
Speaker 2: They were like, you're dangerous, you can't come in.

563
00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:34,000
Speaker 3: Does that mean she got past the goons?

564
00:32:35,160 --> 00:32:43,000
Speaker 2: Oh? Interesting, Yeah, probably, I don't know. Buddy Lamont was

565
00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:45,239
Speaker 2: the next defender to be killed by the Feds. He

566
00:32:45,320 --> 00:32:49,320
Speaker 2: was struck down by a sniper. His great grandparents were

567
00:32:49,320 --> 00:32:52,680
Speaker 2: with Crazy Horse at Greasy Grass Creek. His great aunt

568
00:32:52,720 --> 00:32:56,960
Speaker 2: and great uncle were murdered in Wounded Knee one. Buddy

569
00:32:56,960 --> 00:32:59,560
Speaker 2: had gone off to Vietnam, idealistic and young, thinking he

570
00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:01,680
Speaker 2: was fighting so his family could sleep safe at home.

571
00:33:02,240 --> 00:33:04,880
Speaker 2: Then once he was home, he went to Wounded Knee.

572
00:33:05,600 --> 00:33:09,520
Speaker 2: He wrote to his mother during the occupation. If anything

573
00:33:09,560 --> 00:33:13,080
Speaker 2: happens to me, just bury me at Wounded Knee. I

574
00:33:13,120 --> 00:33:15,120
Speaker 2: don't want to be any trouble, so just bury me

575
00:33:15,160 --> 00:33:19,760
Speaker 2: in my bunker. The government stole his body for an

576
00:33:19,800 --> 00:33:22,680
Speaker 2: awfully long time and basically ransomed it back. And there's

577
00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:27,280
Speaker 2: like quotes from like when the like one of the

578
00:33:27,280 --> 00:33:31,120
Speaker 2: Feds like sees how he died and is like, oh,

579
00:33:31,120 --> 00:33:32,680
Speaker 2: we're gonna have to change our story.

580
00:33:35,080 --> 00:33:35,320
Speaker 5: Fuck.

581
00:33:36,720 --> 00:33:40,480
Speaker 2: This is kind of near the end. May second, a

582
00:33:40,520 --> 00:33:43,440
Speaker 2: government negotiator promised that he had the authority to ensure

583
00:33:43,480 --> 00:33:45,760
Speaker 2: the government would discuss the Treaty of eighteen sixty eight

584
00:33:45,760 --> 00:33:50,720
Speaker 2: with the indigenous chiefs. On May fifth, they led in

585
00:33:50,760 --> 00:33:53,560
Speaker 2: a delegation of White House representatives to inspect the place,

586
00:33:54,440 --> 00:33:56,640
Speaker 2: and at this point they were planning to surrender. They

587
00:33:56,640 --> 00:33:59,600
Speaker 2: had this promise and the death of Buddy had destroyed

588
00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:03,400
Speaker 2: a lot of the morale, so on May ninth, the

589
00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:07,560
Speaker 2: defenders surrendered, half starved, with an agreement that a delegation

590
00:34:07,640 --> 00:34:11,000
Speaker 2: from the White House would meet with their chiefs. I'm

591
00:34:11,080 --> 00:34:15,279
Speaker 2: not shock. We don't need to go through the yeah, uh,

592
00:34:15,520 --> 00:34:18,719
Speaker 2: you know, walk again. By May thirty, first, the US

593
00:34:18,800 --> 00:34:21,120
Speaker 2: government didn't bother to show up to discuss anything with

594
00:34:21,160 --> 00:34:23,160
Speaker 2: the chiefs. They sent a letter from a Nixon aid.

595
00:34:25,560 --> 00:34:27,920
Speaker 2: None of the Feds or the goons were ever indicted,

596
00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:30,320
Speaker 2: but more than five hundred Indigenous people were indicted for

597
00:34:30,360 --> 00:34:33,680
Speaker 2: their participation or support. One hundred and eighty four people

598
00:34:33,719 --> 00:34:36,360
Speaker 2: had their charges stick, mostly the men, because the government

599
00:34:36,360 --> 00:34:37,960
Speaker 2: figured to be harder to convince a jury that the

600
00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:40,720
Speaker 2: women who were there in numbers two were evil terrorists

601
00:34:40,800 --> 00:34:46,359
Speaker 2: or whatever, you know. And it was near the end

602
00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:49,160
Speaker 2: of this occupation that Leonard Peltier gets out of jail

603
00:34:49,160 --> 00:34:51,560
Speaker 2: on bail. He was on his way to support the

604
00:34:51,600 --> 00:34:55,960
Speaker 2: occupation with food relief when the occupation fell. He you know,

605
00:34:56,000 --> 00:34:58,279
Speaker 2: he was out on bail for like attempted murder of

606
00:34:59,120 --> 00:35:02,200
Speaker 2: two cops. He was like, I'm not going to get

607
00:35:02,239 --> 00:35:07,920
Speaker 2: a fucking fair trial. So he skips his bail. He

608
00:35:07,960 --> 00:35:14,160
Speaker 2: goes underground and becomes a fugitive. And it is possible

609
00:35:14,200 --> 00:35:16,640
Speaker 2: that the occupation was the high point of aim organizing,

610
00:35:16,680 --> 00:35:20,960
Speaker 2: and afterwards the divisions start to manifest more strongly. There

611
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:24,200
Speaker 2: are a few sources of tension. There's personality conflicts, there's

612
00:35:24,200 --> 00:35:28,319
Speaker 2: centralized versus decentralized structure. There's to what degree discipline is

613
00:35:28,360 --> 00:35:31,760
Speaker 2: required of members. There's whether or not members are required

614
00:35:31,760 --> 00:35:34,239
Speaker 2: to drink or not or no one's being required to drink,

615
00:35:34,360 --> 00:35:37,680
Speaker 2: whether members are allowed to drink, And then there's militancy.

616
00:35:37,760 --> 00:35:39,840
Speaker 2: One of their big splits was basically like do we

617
00:35:39,920 --> 00:35:41,880
Speaker 2: take up arms and go to war against the US.

618
00:35:41,880 --> 00:35:45,640
Speaker 2: At this point, Dennis Banks and Russell Means were more

619
00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:48,080
Speaker 2: or less the figureheads of the two sides. Banks wanted

620
00:35:48,080 --> 00:35:51,880
Speaker 2: discipline in sobriety, Means and crow Dog were fine with drinking.

621
00:35:52,760 --> 00:35:55,480
Speaker 2: Everyone is accusing everyone of being FEDS. Some of this

622
00:35:55,640 --> 00:35:56,360
Speaker 2: terms violent.

623
00:35:56,960 --> 00:35:57,960
Speaker 3: Nothing ever changes.

624
00:35:58,280 --> 00:36:00,640
Speaker 2: Yeah, I've thought about this a bunch, and I decided

625
00:36:00,640 --> 00:36:01,839
Speaker 2: I don't want to get it too into the ins

626
00:36:01,880 --> 00:36:03,719
Speaker 2: and outs of these divisions. Like half of what you

627
00:36:03,760 --> 00:36:07,440
Speaker 2: read about AIM are these divisions and these like personality

628
00:36:07,440 --> 00:36:10,040
Speaker 2: conflicts and then like real stuff that matters that happened

629
00:36:10,040 --> 00:36:12,160
Speaker 2: between them and so. But I don't want to talk

630
00:36:12,160 --> 00:36:14,240
Speaker 2: about too much, partly because it's really messy and complicated,

631
00:36:14,280 --> 00:36:16,840
Speaker 2: and partly because I think that a movement from the

632
00:36:16,840 --> 00:36:19,800
Speaker 2: early seventies had divisions fostered by co intel pro is

633
00:36:19,840 --> 00:36:24,160
Speaker 2: a better way to understand what happened than Yeah that

634
00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:26,759
Speaker 2: he said, she said, Unless you unless someone wants to

635
00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:29,040
Speaker 2: really get into it, you.

636
00:36:28,960 --> 00:36:33,200
Speaker 3: Know, right, and like trying to rehash those conflicts right,

637
00:36:33,400 --> 00:36:38,720
Speaker 3: probably just like does the work of of come Intel

638
00:36:38,760 --> 00:36:39,640
Speaker 3: pro right.

639
00:36:40,000 --> 00:36:41,959
Speaker 2: And it's only worth pointing them out because we also

640
00:36:41,960 --> 00:36:43,360
Speaker 2: need to be able to learn from our past. And

641
00:36:43,400 --> 00:36:45,600
Speaker 2: these are some of the things that people were divided along,

642
00:36:46,160 --> 00:36:49,680
Speaker 2: but one thing that's Wort helped in an awful way.

643
00:36:50,400 --> 00:36:52,600
Speaker 2: Banks and Means are soon on trial together for their

644
00:36:53,000 --> 00:36:56,919
Speaker 2: role and wounded knee. They basically are like taken out

645
00:36:56,960 --> 00:36:59,359
Speaker 2: from the rest and like because they're like, oh, we're

646
00:36:59,360 --> 00:37:02,480
Speaker 2: gonna fuck the you know, We're like these are the two, right,

647
00:37:02,520 --> 00:37:04,640
Speaker 2: everyone else we're gonna get, but like we're gonna really

648
00:37:04,680 --> 00:37:07,600
Speaker 2: get these two. So they have an eight month trial.

649
00:37:08,760 --> 00:37:10,960
Speaker 2: The judge starts off assuming that the FBI and the

650
00:37:10,960 --> 00:37:13,080
Speaker 2: prosecution are right, and like starts off with a bias

651
00:37:13,120 --> 00:37:17,120
Speaker 2: against the defense, but he guess angrier and angrier at

652
00:37:17,160 --> 00:37:23,920
Speaker 2: the prosecution's deliberate mishandling of evidence. Banks and Means were

653
00:37:23,960 --> 00:37:27,520
Speaker 2: found not guilty on one charge, and the judge dismissed

654
00:37:27,520 --> 00:37:30,359
Speaker 2: the rest, basically being like, seriously, prosecution, what the fuck

655
00:37:30,440 --> 00:37:33,920
Speaker 2: is wrong with you? The case against them was so

656
00:37:34,239 --> 00:37:37,600
Speaker 2: bad that seven of the jurors went on a campaign

657
00:37:37,680 --> 00:37:40,000
Speaker 2: for the rest of the charges against the remaining defendants

658
00:37:40,040 --> 00:37:44,839
Speaker 2: to be dropped. Almost all of the remaining cases were

659
00:37:44,840 --> 00:37:47,040
Speaker 2: dismissed or folks were found not guilty. I think Crodog

660
00:37:47,080 --> 00:37:49,920
Speaker 2: and a few other people served some time for wounded

661
00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:54,239
Speaker 2: need to So the government was like, fine, we give up.

662
00:37:54,239 --> 00:37:55,719
Speaker 2: You totally got away with it. You can have all

663
00:37:55,760 --> 00:37:59,400
Speaker 2: your stuff. Just kidding. If the courts don't work, the Feds,

664
00:37:59,440 --> 00:38:04,960
Speaker 2: the militias in on, Dick Wilson will just fucking fight dirty.

665
00:38:05,120 --> 00:38:07,400
Speaker 2: In nineteen seventy four, I didn't fall for it at

666
00:38:07,440 --> 00:38:13,800
Speaker 2: that time. Yeah, no, Yeah, I'm pretty gullible. But in

667
00:38:13,880 --> 00:38:16,880
Speaker 2: nineteen seventy four, Dick Wilson stole his own re election

668
00:38:17,080 --> 00:38:21,560
Speaker 2: versus Russell Means, Like the Commission of the US Commission

669
00:38:21,600 --> 00:38:23,319
Speaker 2: of Civil Rights said more than a third of the

670
00:38:23,320 --> 00:38:28,600
Speaker 2: ballots were tempered with, and on election night his goons

671
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:31,160
Speaker 2: had been out shooting into the air and terrifying people,

672
00:38:32,800 --> 00:38:35,000
Speaker 2: but the judicial system was like, n he's our guy,

673
00:38:35,280 --> 00:38:40,479
Speaker 2: and he stayed in office. He then tried to drive

674
00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:43,040
Speaker 2: everyone who voted for Means off the reservation at gunpoint,

675
00:38:46,080 --> 00:38:48,200
Speaker 2: like this is the most corrupt man in the history

676
00:38:48,239 --> 00:38:51,759
Speaker 2: of corrupt then, you know, I.

677
00:38:51,640 --> 00:38:55,400
Speaker 3: Mean and and like that is some like dictator of

678
00:38:55,440 --> 00:38:58,960
Speaker 3: a small nation. Yeah shit, that is not like local

679
00:38:58,960 --> 00:39:02,240
Speaker 3: pol That is not local politics as usual. Right, totally,

680
00:39:03,719 --> 00:39:06,600
Speaker 3: it's like, man, we better win the city council seat

681
00:39:06,719 --> 00:39:09,160
Speaker 3: or we will be evicted by the new.

682
00:39:09,200 --> 00:39:12,279
Speaker 2: Like holy shit, Yeah, totally from the place that are

683
00:39:12,360 --> 00:39:16,200
Speaker 2: like people have lived forever. You know, by nineteen seventy five,

684
00:39:16,280 --> 00:39:19,160
Speaker 2: everyone who remained was armed and wouldn't walk around alone

685
00:39:19,320 --> 00:39:23,920
Speaker 2: because his goons were killing so many people. Yeah, sixty

686
00:39:23,960 --> 00:39:26,440
Speaker 2: four people were murdered that year, according to Aim. The

687
00:39:26,560 --> 00:39:30,799
Speaker 2: FBI claims otherwise, I know each side. I'm more like that.

688
00:39:31,080 --> 00:39:33,000
Speaker 3: I'm not taking their word for any of this at

689
00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:33,480
Speaker 3: this point.

690
00:39:33,680 --> 00:39:36,560
Speaker 2: No, the town had the highest crime rate in the

691
00:39:36,600 --> 00:39:41,600
Speaker 2: country that year. And the death that makes me saddest

692
00:39:42,120 --> 00:39:44,080
Speaker 2: is that an eleven year old lost his life when

693
00:39:44,080 --> 00:39:46,479
Speaker 2: he found the rifle his parents had had to keep

694
00:39:46,520 --> 00:39:49,000
Speaker 2: in order to keep him and themselves safe from the goons,

695
00:39:49,239 --> 00:39:52,320
Speaker 2: and he died. And I think that there's just like

696
00:39:52,360 --> 00:39:55,840
Speaker 2: a specific tragedy in the fact that sometimes people need

697
00:39:55,880 --> 00:40:00,360
Speaker 2: to do cost benefit analysis and shoost to firearms in wuations.

698
00:40:00,360 --> 00:40:04,240
Speaker 2: That are dangerous and yeah, my heart breaks for his parents.

699
00:40:05,719 --> 00:40:09,359
Speaker 2: So Dick Wilson eventually he kind of goes too far.

700
00:40:10,320 --> 00:40:12,320
Speaker 2: A bunch of the white lawyer, A bunch of white lawyers.

701
00:40:12,480 --> 00:40:14,719
Speaker 3: I'm like, I can't wait to hear what ends up

702
00:40:14,719 --> 00:40:16,239
Speaker 3: being too far for this guy.

703
00:40:16,440 --> 00:40:17,560
Speaker 2: He attacks some white people.

704
00:40:18,320 --> 00:40:20,759
Speaker 3: Oh I forgot about white people. Yeah, no, because the

705
00:40:20,840 --> 00:40:23,080
Speaker 3: lawyers just wild because I am white people.

706
00:40:22,920 --> 00:40:26,560
Speaker 2: I know, and you're a lawyer, you're our lawyer. No,

707
00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:31,160
Speaker 2: just no, all right. So a bunch of like lawyers

708
00:40:31,200 --> 00:40:34,399
Speaker 2: for AIM are there and he like shoots up their

709
00:40:34,440 --> 00:40:38,880
Speaker 2: airplane and shit, like he's like personally involved in this attack.

710
00:40:39,560 --> 00:40:41,920
Speaker 2: He like personally shows up to shoot at an airplane

711
00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:44,920
Speaker 2: for the lawyers. Yeah, I think the lawyers are no longer,

712
00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:46,799
Speaker 2: but like.

713
00:40:48,640 --> 00:40:51,000
Speaker 3: Lawyers are like not the people you want to go

714
00:40:51,080 --> 00:40:55,880
Speaker 3: after if you're trying to avoid legal consequences, because lawyers

715
00:40:55,920 --> 00:40:57,280
Speaker 3: are legal consequences.

716
00:40:57,320 --> 00:41:01,839
Speaker 2: They those. Unfortunately, it still doesn't so he doesn't shoot

717
00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:03,560
Speaker 2: up the plane while they're in it. He shoots it

718
00:41:03,600 --> 00:41:05,160
Speaker 2: up while they're not in it. But then he like

719
00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:08,359
Speaker 2: and then he like smashes up their car while they're

720
00:41:08,360 --> 00:41:10,680
Speaker 2: in it, and he's like saying things like, now you

721
00:41:10,760 --> 00:41:13,120
Speaker 2: got a real res car because it's like fucked up,

722
00:41:13,200 --> 00:41:18,440
Speaker 2: you know. And so he finally gets indicted. So he

723
00:41:18,480 --> 00:41:21,640
Speaker 2: does this thing which is clever but it doesn't work.

724
00:41:21,680 --> 00:41:25,239
Speaker 2: But it kind of works since he's like he's the government, right,

725
00:41:26,560 --> 00:41:32,480
Speaker 2: he finds himself ten dollars for his actions.

726
00:41:31,320 --> 00:41:33,640
Speaker 3: And then when the Feds, man, I wish he weren't

727
00:41:33,640 --> 00:41:35,440
Speaker 3: such a piece of shit because that's hilarious.

728
00:41:35,480 --> 00:41:37,879
Speaker 2: I Yeah. So then when the Feds take him to court,

729
00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:41,040
Speaker 2: he's like, oh, this is double jeopardy. I've already.

730
00:41:42,440 --> 00:41:44,760
Speaker 3: Oh, he's literally doing the cop thing like I've already

731
00:41:44,800 --> 00:41:46,040
Speaker 3: investigated myself.

732
00:41:46,320 --> 00:41:48,239
Speaker 2: And well he's already been found guilty. He had to

733
00:41:48,239 --> 00:41:50,799
Speaker 2: pay ten dollars. You can't hold someone, you know, like,

734
00:41:51,000 --> 00:41:53,720
Speaker 2: you can't take someone a trial for the same crime twice, right.

735
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:56,719
Speaker 3: That is that is like some legal advice that the

736
00:41:56,760 --> 00:41:58,560
Speaker 3: lawyers on arrested development would give.

737
00:41:58,760 --> 00:42:02,560
Speaker 2: Yeah, totally. And so this doesn't work. They're like, you

738
00:42:02,560 --> 00:42:04,279
Speaker 2: can't do that where the Feds we don't give a

739
00:42:04,280 --> 00:42:08,239
Speaker 2: shit about your fucking petty kingdom. But they quitted him

740
00:42:08,239 --> 00:42:09,680
Speaker 2: anyway because he's the government's boy.

741
00:42:10,320 --> 00:42:12,040
Speaker 3: Oh shit, wow.

742
00:42:12,000 --> 00:42:14,000
Speaker 2: It did work out for him. Yeah, And if you

743
00:42:14,040 --> 00:42:17,120
Speaker 2: want to be acquitted, then you should listen to our

744
00:42:18,719 --> 00:42:26,720
Speaker 2: primary sponsor. Don't talk to cops. Hi, Margaret Kiljoy. Here, boy,

745
00:42:26,880 --> 00:42:29,520
Speaker 2: the world sure is a mess right now? Huh? Seems

746
00:42:29,560 --> 00:42:31,279
Speaker 2: like every day there are more and more reasons to

747
00:42:31,280 --> 00:42:34,160
Speaker 2: get out into the streets and protest. That's why when

748
00:42:34,200 --> 00:42:37,560
Speaker 2: I get arrested, there's only one strategy. I trust, I

749
00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:40,480
Speaker 2: shut the fuck up. I say, I would like to

750
00:42:40,480 --> 00:42:42,560
Speaker 2: remain silent, I would like to talk to my lawyer,

751
00:42:42,880 --> 00:42:45,200
Speaker 2: and then I shut the fuck up. In the United

752
00:42:45,239 --> 00:42:48,600
Speaker 2: States of America, it's constitutionally protected and recommended by the

753
00:42:48,680 --> 00:42:55,200
Speaker 2: National Lawyers Guild. That's shut thch f u c k up.

754
00:42:55,880 --> 00:43:01,640
Speaker 2: Once again, that's shut thch e f uc k up.

755
00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:04,960
Speaker 2: Because you can't talk yourself out of custody, but you

756
00:43:05,040 --> 00:43:06,840
Speaker 2: can talk yourself into a conviction.

757
00:43:07,280 --> 00:43:10,719
Speaker 5: Providing identification to law enforcement required in some states and situations,

758
00:43:10,800 --> 00:43:13,720
Speaker 5: giving them an address expedient in most circumstances. Never discuss

759
00:43:13,760 --> 00:43:15,799
Speaker 5: the events leading to arrest with anyone except your lawyer, doctor,

760
00:43:15,880 --> 00:43:18,600
Speaker 5: or therapist. Posting pictures of protests and actions on social

761
00:43:18,600 --> 00:43:21,239
Speaker 5: media may lead to complications if you have already talked

762
00:43:21,239 --> 00:43:23,799
Speaker 5: to cops or experienced confusion about talking to cops, call

763
00:43:23,840 --> 00:43:26,040
Speaker 5: your attorney immediately, as these may be signs of more

764
00:43:26,080 --> 00:43:28,600
Speaker 5: serious legal problems. The concept of not talking to cops

765
00:43:28,600 --> 00:43:30,279
Speaker 5: does not provide legal advice, and the foregoing statements are

766
00:43:30,280 --> 00:43:31,439
Speaker 5: for informational purposes only.

767
00:43:31,520 --> 00:43:34,160
Speaker 3: If you have specific legal questions, consult an attorney.

768
00:43:37,160 --> 00:43:45,880
Speaker 2: And we're back. So conditions are not great. Leonard Peltieri

769
00:43:45,960 --> 00:43:47,600
Speaker 2: is on the run, but he is not afraid of

770
00:43:47,640 --> 00:43:51,960
Speaker 2: a fight. So by nineteen seventy five he goes up

771
00:43:51,960 --> 00:43:54,359
Speaker 2: to Pine Ridge and he's helping out alongside a bunch

772
00:43:54,360 --> 00:43:59,239
Speaker 2: of other AIM folks and their Stronghold AIMS. Stronghold is

773
00:43:59,280 --> 00:44:01,880
Speaker 2: on the land of a family named Jumping Bull. They

774
00:44:01,880 --> 00:44:04,040
Speaker 2: have a whole camp out with like thirty plus people

775
00:44:04,520 --> 00:44:06,440
Speaker 2: living there, and they're more and more like trying to

776
00:44:06,440 --> 00:44:08,080
Speaker 2: live in more traditional ways while they do it, and

777
00:44:08,160 --> 00:44:12,520
Speaker 2: it's a they're doing really cool shit, like completely unrelated

778
00:44:12,520 --> 00:44:15,560
Speaker 2: to the fighting the government stuff. AIM warriors are out

779
00:44:15,600 --> 00:44:19,000
Speaker 2: walking thirty miles a night to keep people safe, doing patrols.

780
00:44:19,719 --> 00:44:21,880
Speaker 2: Whenever a house is shot up by goons, because this

781
00:44:21,920 --> 00:44:23,759
Speaker 2: happens like fairly regularly, the goons will be like, hey,

782
00:44:23,800 --> 00:44:26,080
Speaker 2: fuck you and shoot up a house which is a

783
00:44:26,080 --> 00:44:27,680
Speaker 2: whole thing that people don't talk about much with like

784
00:44:27,719 --> 00:44:31,160
Speaker 2: rural organizing. I've the first time I spent much time

785
00:44:31,200 --> 00:44:33,640
Speaker 2: in West Virginia, the all these like anti mountaintop removal

786
00:44:33,760 --> 00:44:36,280
Speaker 2: miners were like having their houses shot up and stuff

787
00:44:36,320 --> 00:44:39,840
Speaker 2: by like the pro There's just a lot people can

788
00:44:39,880 --> 00:44:42,600
Speaker 2: get away with a certain type of specific thing in

789
00:44:42,680 --> 00:44:44,000
Speaker 2: rural areas. That's what I'm trying to.

790
00:44:44,000 --> 00:44:48,120
Speaker 3: Say, Yeah, yeah, and shooting up buildings is much more

791
00:44:48,560 --> 00:44:52,200
Speaker 3: like a thing that happens, like yeah, in where you

792
00:44:52,200 --> 00:44:54,319
Speaker 3: can just just kind of do that and drive away

793
00:44:54,360 --> 00:44:57,240
Speaker 3: and you're the only vehicle on the road for thirty miles.

794
00:44:57,320 --> 00:44:58,640
Speaker 3: You're you're going to be fine.

795
00:44:58,880 --> 00:45:02,160
Speaker 2: Right, So, whenever a house is shot at by goons,

796
00:45:02,560 --> 00:45:05,440
Speaker 2: AIM is there, armed, ready to keep the family safe.

797
00:45:05,600 --> 00:45:09,320
Speaker 2: They're also chopping firewood for elders. They're like reroofing stores.

798
00:45:09,400 --> 00:45:14,000
Speaker 2: They're counseling people through alcoholism. They're running bingo nights. They're

799
00:45:14,040 --> 00:45:18,080
Speaker 2: just doing community work. They're doing the hard, thankless work

800
00:45:18,600 --> 00:45:23,360
Speaker 2: of keeping a community together through crisis. All the while

801
00:45:23,920 --> 00:45:26,839
Speaker 2: they're talking about the treaties and they're talking about sovereignty.

802
00:45:28,760 --> 00:45:33,359
Speaker 2: The AIM collective operated collectively. The vehicles firearms and food

803
00:45:33,400 --> 00:45:36,200
Speaker 2: were all collectively possessed by all the folks doing that,

804
00:45:38,160 --> 00:45:40,040
Speaker 2: and the women in town, not just the aim women.

805
00:45:40,080 --> 00:45:42,120
Speaker 2: They made a game of tearing down all the wanted

806
00:45:42,120 --> 00:45:44,760
Speaker 2: posters for Peltier because they kept the government in BIA

807
00:45:44,840 --> 00:45:47,120
Speaker 2: like kept putting up all the wanted posters for them,

808
00:45:47,480 --> 00:45:49,400
Speaker 2: and so finally they had to put the posters like

809
00:45:49,480 --> 00:45:54,759
Speaker 2: behind glass frames and all this shit, you know, by

810
00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:59,399
Speaker 2: June first night. Fine, yeah, that's that's nice. That's nice solidarity. Yeah,

811
00:45:59,480 --> 00:46:02,560
Speaker 2: totally unwanted posters of your guy. Yeah, because everyone knows

812
00:46:02,560 --> 00:46:06,000
Speaker 2: he's there. Yeah, you know by June first.

813
00:46:06,120 --> 00:46:08,359
Speaker 3: No, there's no point pulling down the wanted posters if

814
00:46:08,360 --> 00:46:09,040
Speaker 3: he's not there.

815
00:46:10,120 --> 00:46:14,959
Speaker 2: Totally. By June first, nineteen seventy five, the Pine Ridge

816
00:46:14,960 --> 00:46:19,000
Speaker 2: traditional chiefs, including Charlie Redcloud, the ninety year old grandson

817
00:46:19,040 --> 00:46:22,719
Speaker 2: of the previous Red Cloud, signed a formal resolution of

818
00:46:22,760 --> 00:46:26,360
Speaker 2: sovereignty like once again like. One of the primary things

819
00:46:26,360 --> 00:46:31,560
Speaker 2: that Indigenous people keep doing is restating that they are

820
00:46:31,600 --> 00:46:37,160
Speaker 2: a sovereign people, a sovereign nation, and there is good

821
00:46:37,760 --> 00:46:42,520
Speaker 2: I hope they succeed. I hope it sticks around this time.

822
00:46:42,800 --> 00:46:47,239
Speaker 2: A BIA cop shot Russell means who survived, so of

823
00:46:47,280 --> 00:46:50,640
Speaker 2: course the cop then charged Russell Means for assaulting an officer.

824
00:46:51,920 --> 00:46:54,680
Speaker 2: Right and AM put out a statement that its members

825
00:46:54,680 --> 00:46:57,320
Speaker 2: were to shoot back when fired upon, even by law enforcement.

826
00:46:58,800 --> 00:47:05,280
Speaker 2: So things are ramping up, and it's important to understand

827
00:47:05,320 --> 00:47:07,680
Speaker 2: the way things are ramping up as gets to what

828
00:47:07,719 --> 00:47:11,640
Speaker 2: we're gonna talk about now. On June twenty fifth, nineteen

829
00:47:11,680 --> 00:47:14,799
Speaker 2: seventy five, two FEDS and two BIA cops showed up

830
00:47:14,800 --> 00:47:17,719
Speaker 2: to Jumping Bull's property asking around about a nineteen year

831
00:47:17,719 --> 00:47:20,400
Speaker 2: old named Jimmy Eagle who was wanted for stealing some

832
00:47:20,440 --> 00:47:24,319
Speaker 2: cowboy boots and like maybe beating some guys up. They

833
00:47:24,320 --> 00:47:27,080
Speaker 2: had no warrant and they were shoot away. The two

834
00:47:27,120 --> 00:47:29,359
Speaker 2: FEDS waited nearby and harassed more youth.

835
00:47:30,360 --> 00:47:33,319
Speaker 3: Showing them away is exactly what you should do if

836
00:47:33,320 --> 00:47:34,480
Speaker 3: the FEDS show up at your.

837
00:47:34,320 --> 00:47:36,360
Speaker 2: Door without a warrant. Yeah, They're like, you don't have

838
00:47:36,400 --> 00:47:39,160
Speaker 2: a warrant, this is trespassing, get out, Yeah, fuck off.

839
00:47:40,560 --> 00:47:44,960
Speaker 2: Then the fateful day the next day, June twenty sixth,

840
00:47:45,960 --> 00:47:48,840
Speaker 2: the two FBI Edge agents come back to the stronghold

841
00:47:48,880 --> 00:47:52,840
Speaker 2: of Aim. They want us to believe that two FEDS

842
00:47:52,880 --> 00:47:57,560
Speaker 2: drove onto the reservation and into the heart of ames thing,

843
00:47:57,600 --> 00:47:59,120
Speaker 2: even though they knew about the whole like shoot back

844
00:47:59,200 --> 00:48:05,840
Speaker 2: resolution over stolen cowboy boots. This is possible. It's possible

845
00:48:05,960 --> 00:48:08,480
Speaker 2: that it is just outright arrogance that brought them to

846
00:48:08,520 --> 00:48:13,520
Speaker 2: that place. But the day before, Dick Wilson had just

847
00:48:13,560 --> 00:48:16,759
Speaker 2: illegally transferred an eighth of the reservation property over to

848
00:48:16,760 --> 00:48:22,319
Speaker 2: the US government. What a coincidence, And even wilder coincidence,

849
00:48:23,040 --> 00:48:25,399
Speaker 2: the BIA swat team is just in the area doing

850
00:48:25,440 --> 00:48:26,319
Speaker 2: maneuvers that day.

851
00:48:28,960 --> 00:48:31,279
Speaker 3: Yeah, this definitely sounds This definitely sounds like some people

852
00:48:31,320 --> 00:48:33,960
Speaker 3: who care deeply about stolen boots. Yeah.

853
00:48:34,000 --> 00:48:37,799
Speaker 2: Absolutely, Although I wonder whether the two FBI eight because

854
00:48:37,800 --> 00:48:39,840
Speaker 2: it does not go well for them, they might have

855
00:48:39,920 --> 00:48:42,360
Speaker 2: just been set up. They might have just been pawns.

856
00:48:43,239 --> 00:48:46,880
Speaker 3: I mean, nobody ever accused of the US government of like

857
00:48:47,080 --> 00:48:48,520
Speaker 3: caring too much about.

858
00:48:48,239 --> 00:48:53,560
Speaker 2: The people who work for it, either totally. Whatever the cause,

859
00:48:54,360 --> 00:48:56,640
Speaker 2: these two Feds show up into the center of an

860
00:48:56,640 --> 00:48:59,640
Speaker 2: Aim compound and a firefight breaks out at two hundred

861
00:48:59,719 --> 00:49:05,359
Speaker 2: yards with firing from the two houses the I don't

862
00:49:05,360 --> 00:49:08,800
Speaker 2: know who shot first. My money is on Aim shooting first,

863
00:49:09,239 --> 00:49:14,160
Speaker 2: But I don't get whatever both federal agents were wounded,

864
00:49:14,280 --> 00:49:17,520
Speaker 2: one mortally wounded. He was probably going to die when

865
00:49:17,560 --> 00:49:20,960
Speaker 2: someone probably no one will ever know for certain, except

866
00:49:21,000 --> 00:49:24,080
Speaker 2: for whoever this is, if they're still alive, walked up

867
00:49:24,080 --> 00:49:27,319
Speaker 2: and executed them at close range, and it'll come up

868
00:49:27,400 --> 00:49:30,879
Speaker 2: later that the gun that executed them was an Air

869
00:49:30,920 --> 00:49:37,160
Speaker 2: fifteen shooting two two three ammunition. Agents responded as backup.

870
00:49:37,400 --> 00:49:40,760
Speaker 2: Agents responding as backup were fired upon, and a standoff occurs,

871
00:49:41,480 --> 00:49:47,080
Speaker 2: during which one AIM member, Joe Killswright, was killed. He

872
00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:50,120
Speaker 2: was wearing one of the FBI agent's jackets when he died,

873
00:49:50,560 --> 00:49:54,600
Speaker 2: or as one journalist who the one journalist who photographed

874
00:49:54,680 --> 00:49:57,560
Speaker 2: the body suggested that actually the jacket was put on

875
00:49:57,680 --> 00:50:01,520
Speaker 2: him after based on where the blood wasn't wasn't on

876
00:50:01,600 --> 00:50:07,040
Speaker 2: that jet. Meanwhile, goons and white militias show up to

877
00:50:07,080 --> 00:50:12,120
Speaker 2: the area too, as do AIM supporters. So now there's

878
00:50:12,160 --> 00:50:14,400
Speaker 2: like twenty A members are on they're on the land.

879
00:50:14,520 --> 00:50:17,719
Speaker 2: The non combatants have gotten out by and large. There's

880
00:50:17,719 --> 00:50:20,279
Speaker 2: a couple like younger boys who surrender at this point,

881
00:50:20,400 --> 00:50:25,760
Speaker 2: and fortunately they successfully surrender through lots of complicated stuff.

882
00:50:26,440 --> 00:50:29,319
Speaker 2: The twenty A members who are left, they're like, if

883
00:50:29,320 --> 00:50:34,080
Speaker 2: we stick around, we're all going to die today, and

884
00:50:34,120 --> 00:50:37,680
Speaker 2: so they escaped. And the way they did that is

885
00:50:37,680 --> 00:50:40,040
Speaker 2: they figured that south was the more likely way there

886
00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:43,200
Speaker 2: was like they had they had one of the radios

887
00:50:43,200 --> 00:50:46,919
Speaker 2: because they had killed you know, two of the Feds. Yeah, say,

888
00:50:46,920 --> 00:50:49,120
Speaker 2: they had the radio, and so they knew that there

889
00:50:49,160 --> 00:50:52,279
Speaker 2: was less of a blockade to their south. And so

890
00:50:52,320 --> 00:50:54,600
Speaker 2: they started south and they weren't sure exactly which way

891
00:50:54,640 --> 00:50:56,640
Speaker 2: to go, and they followed an eagle through the woods

892
00:50:56,680 --> 00:50:58,360
Speaker 2: that like waited for them, and then they would like

893
00:50:58,400 --> 00:51:00,960
Speaker 2: stop and then they would fly and them this is

894
00:51:01,000 --> 00:51:03,680
Speaker 2: the way to go now and stuff, you know. And

895
00:51:03,719 --> 00:51:07,200
Speaker 2: the path that they took took them through the blockade.

896
00:51:07,560 --> 00:51:10,600
Speaker 2: Like the path they took was blocked except for a

897
00:51:10,600 --> 00:51:12,759
Speaker 2: brief moment when the agents took a break to go

898
00:51:12,760 --> 00:51:14,880
Speaker 2: get a drink of water. Like literally, we have the

899
00:51:14,920 --> 00:51:17,719
Speaker 2: like transcripts of the radio communications right and it was

900
00:51:17,800 --> 00:51:20,279
Speaker 2: like hey, like since we're all about to attack, like

901
00:51:20,680 --> 00:51:22,880
Speaker 2: y'all aren't as important right now, you can take a

902
00:51:22,920 --> 00:51:24,440
Speaker 2: five minute break, you know.

903
00:51:25,600 --> 00:51:26,040
Speaker 3: Wow.

904
00:51:26,800 --> 00:51:29,000
Speaker 2: And this is when the twenty A members get through

905
00:51:29,040 --> 00:51:35,040
Speaker 2: the blockade. Eventually they're spotted. Incredible, I know, and it's

906
00:51:35,080 --> 00:51:39,040
Speaker 2: like I don't know, like, yeah, no, that that happened,

907
00:51:39,239 --> 00:51:44,239
Speaker 2: you know. Yeah, Eventually they're they're spotted as they're moving

908
00:51:44,320 --> 00:51:46,920
Speaker 2: up this big open hill right, they're on the other

909
00:51:46,960 --> 00:51:49,120
Speaker 2: side of the road. They're outside the blockade, and the

910
00:51:49,120 --> 00:51:51,920
Speaker 2: cops are shooting at them and chasing, but they're delayed

911
00:51:51,920 --> 00:51:55,399
Speaker 2: by warning shots coming from their treating AIM members and

912
00:51:56,040 --> 00:51:58,440
Speaker 2: to hear the AIM folks talk about it, the BIA

913
00:51:58,600 --> 00:52:01,919
Speaker 2: cops actually the ended and cups weren't trying too hard

914
00:52:01,920 --> 00:52:04,640
Speaker 2: to aim well at them, and no one was injured

915
00:52:04,640 --> 00:52:10,239
Speaker 2: on either side. A crowd of supporters formed at the barricades,

916
00:52:10,719 --> 00:52:12,759
Speaker 2: and while they're like moving up this hill, these two

917
00:52:12,800 --> 00:52:15,680
Speaker 2: young men on horseback just like ride up and escort them,

918
00:52:16,000 --> 00:52:19,000
Speaker 2: and they're like, what are you doing. Like they're like, oh,

919
00:52:19,080 --> 00:52:21,000
Speaker 2: we're here to help. And they're like are you even armed?

920
00:52:21,000 --> 00:52:24,280
Speaker 2: And they're like we got twenty two Like it's fine,

921
00:52:24,640 --> 00:52:24,960
Speaker 2: you know.

922
00:52:26,440 --> 00:52:29,760
Speaker 3: God damn and and help. It's very cool.

923
00:52:29,960 --> 00:52:32,759
Speaker 2: Yeah, And they can like and the Feds can like

924
00:52:32,800 --> 00:52:34,960
Speaker 2: see it all I think binoculars and shit. There's also

925
00:52:34,960 --> 00:52:37,920
Speaker 2: a there's a government plane that's like following their escape,

926
00:52:37,920 --> 00:52:40,160
Speaker 2: but eventually it has to go for more fuel and

927
00:52:40,200 --> 00:52:43,759
Speaker 2: they get away. They you know, lose the trek at

928
00:52:43,760 --> 00:52:46,200
Speaker 2: that point, and then they go and they like stay

929
00:52:46,200 --> 00:52:48,320
Speaker 2: with supporters and shit like that, and they go underground.

930
00:52:49,400 --> 00:52:55,279
Speaker 2: And also while they're fleeing, Indigenous residents from elsewhere in

931
00:52:55,320 --> 00:52:58,239
Speaker 2: the reservation are firing at the Feds from other positions,

932
00:52:58,320 --> 00:53:02,239
Speaker 2: which slows them down and keeps them from pursuing. It

933
00:53:02,320 --> 00:53:04,359
Speaker 2: is nearly certain that they all would have been killed

934
00:53:04,360 --> 00:53:10,120
Speaker 2: if they hadn't escaped the blockade. AIM refused to apologize

935
00:53:10,120 --> 00:53:15,640
Speaker 2: for the killing. They stuck by their people. Eventually, a

936
00:53:15,719 --> 00:53:19,879
Speaker 2: couple weeks later, Peltier flees in an RV. It gets

937
00:53:19,920 --> 00:53:23,040
Speaker 2: pulled over in Oregon and he flees on foot and

938
00:53:23,040 --> 00:53:25,520
Speaker 2: he covers his escape by firing at the state trooper

939
00:53:25,520 --> 00:53:29,000
Speaker 2: and he gets away. He gets into Canada. Two other

940
00:53:29,080 --> 00:53:34,840
Speaker 2: AM members, Robert Robadou who's Peltier's cousin, and Dino Butler,

941
00:53:35,080 --> 00:53:37,799
Speaker 2: are arrested for this. One other person's arrested in and

942
00:53:37,920 --> 00:53:40,280
Speaker 2: they're like, no, we don't have enough charges. He won't stick.

943
00:53:41,560 --> 00:53:45,600
Speaker 2: So these two, Robert and Dino, go on trial for

944
00:53:45,840 --> 00:53:50,480
Speaker 2: killing these agents. The federal jury found them not guilty

945
00:53:50,719 --> 00:53:56,000
Speaker 2: by way of self defense. They were justified for shooting

946
00:53:56,160 --> 00:53:58,640
Speaker 2: those officers. According to the US courts.

947
00:53:59,160 --> 00:54:03,160
Speaker 3: Wow, people do not often get found not guilty for

948
00:54:03,239 --> 00:54:04,200
Speaker 3: reasons of self.

949
00:54:03,920 --> 00:54:05,960
Speaker 2: Defense while shooting Feds.

950
00:54:06,120 --> 00:54:09,440
Speaker 3: While shooting feds, Yeah wow.

951
00:54:09,719 --> 00:54:13,600
Speaker 2: And the big thing about it is that they're like

952
00:54:16,719 --> 00:54:21,879
Speaker 2: the only they weren't the whoever walked up and executed

953
00:54:21,920 --> 00:54:26,800
Speaker 2: the cops who were wounded is the person that would

954
00:54:26,800 --> 00:54:30,040
Speaker 2: not be able to get away with a self defense case. Essentially,

955
00:54:30,080 --> 00:54:34,000
Speaker 2: according to the sort of way that all this court

956
00:54:34,000 --> 00:54:40,080
Speaker 2: shit is going to unfold, On February sixth, nineteen seventy six,

957
00:54:40,239 --> 00:54:44,400
Speaker 2: Leonard Peltier is arrested in Alberta, Canada. His trial was

958
00:54:44,560 --> 00:54:49,320
Speaker 2: fuckery from the start. An Indigenous woman named Myrtle Porbear

959
00:54:49,480 --> 00:54:52,919
Speaker 2: was coerced into giving false testimony against him. She later

960
00:54:52,960 --> 00:54:56,520
Speaker 2: retracted her statement, admitting she didn't even know Peltier personally

961
00:54:57,080 --> 00:55:00,399
Speaker 2: and she wanted to testify against the FBI. The judge

962
00:55:00,400 --> 00:55:04,080
Speaker 2: wouldn't let her, claiming that she was incompetent. Two other

963
00:55:04,160 --> 00:55:07,080
Speaker 2: witnesses recanted, claiming that they were also coerced into their

964
00:55:07,080 --> 00:55:11,600
Speaker 2: testimony by the FBI. He was also on trial for

965
00:55:11,640 --> 00:55:14,279
Speaker 2: two killings that another trial had already proven were self

966
00:55:14,360 --> 00:55:19,840
Speaker 2: defense and the like. The core of their argument is

967
00:55:19,840 --> 00:55:22,960
Speaker 2: that they were executed with two, two, three or five

968
00:55:22,960 --> 00:55:25,360
Speaker 2: five to six is the same thing they were killed

969
00:55:25,719 --> 00:55:31,680
Speaker 2: by with an AR fifteen. And Leonard Peltier was, according

970
00:55:31,680 --> 00:55:35,040
Speaker 2: to these witnesses, the only person with an AR fifteen.

971
00:55:35,400 --> 00:55:38,040
Speaker 2: These are the witnesses who later said, no, that was

972
00:55:38,080 --> 00:55:40,920
Speaker 2: all a lie. I had to say that because they

973
00:55:40,920 --> 00:55:43,160
Speaker 2: were threatening me and you know, coursing me and all

974
00:55:43,160 --> 00:55:51,320
Speaker 2: this shit. Right, there was no like material evidence around,

975
00:55:51,320 --> 00:55:53,680
Speaker 2: like the firing pin, like there was no forensic evidence

976
00:55:53,719 --> 00:55:57,520
Speaker 2: that linked Peltier's gun to the casinges that killed the cops.

977
00:55:58,080 --> 00:56:01,879
Speaker 2: All the testament, it was farce of a trial. Leonard

978
00:56:01,880 --> 00:56:05,640
Speaker 2: Peltier claims his innocence. He holds that he shot at

979
00:56:05,719 --> 00:56:08,480
Speaker 2: the agents, but that he was not the person who

980
00:56:08,520 --> 00:56:09,160
Speaker 2: went up in.

981
00:56:10,000 --> 00:56:14,000
Speaker 3: The court has already determined that shooting at the agents

982
00:56:14,120 --> 00:56:15,240
Speaker 3: is self defense.

983
00:56:16,040 --> 00:56:17,680
Speaker 2: And I read a long time ago, and I didn't

984
00:56:17,719 --> 00:56:21,440
Speaker 2: specifically read this while doing this research this week. I

985
00:56:21,480 --> 00:56:25,840
Speaker 2: read a long time ago that the judge specifically told

986
00:56:26,960 --> 00:56:31,200
Speaker 2: either didn't allow the jury to hear or didn't told

987
00:56:31,200 --> 00:56:33,600
Speaker 2: the jury not to consider the fact that it was

988
00:56:33,640 --> 00:56:35,399
Speaker 2: proven self defense in a different court case.

989
00:56:37,880 --> 00:56:38,919
Speaker 3: That's fascinating.

990
00:56:39,480 --> 00:56:46,279
Speaker 2: Yeah, so he gets two consecutive life sentences despite that,

991
00:56:46,840 --> 00:56:52,560
Speaker 2: you know, fucking everything right. In nineteen seventy seven, he

992
00:56:52,600 --> 00:56:56,799
Speaker 2: went to prison. In nineteen seventy nine, he did what

993
00:56:56,920 --> 00:56:59,600
Speaker 2: many cool people who do cool stuff did, which he

994
00:56:59,640 --> 00:57:05,480
Speaker 2: broke out prison yeay, along with two others. One of

995
00:57:05,520 --> 00:57:08,560
Speaker 2: those escapees, Dallas Thundershield, was shot dead by a guard

996
00:57:08,640 --> 00:57:11,760
Speaker 2: just outside the prison. Another was caught a mile behind

997
00:57:11,760 --> 00:57:14,279
Speaker 2: the walls. Peltier made it for three days before he

998
00:57:14,360 --> 00:57:16,840
Speaker 2: was caught after stealing food money in a truck from

999
00:57:16,840 --> 00:57:21,040
Speaker 2: a farmer to aid his escape. Peltier claims his innocence.

1000
00:57:21,880 --> 00:57:25,040
Speaker 2: The cop who arrested him in Canada said that Peltier

1001
00:57:25,160 --> 00:57:28,600
Speaker 2: was extradited illegally and didn't get a fair trial. When

1002
00:57:28,640 --> 00:57:33,840
Speaker 2: you have your arresting officer, yeah, claiming this. I would

1003
00:57:33,880 --> 00:57:37,440
Speaker 2: support Peltier either way. Just to be clear, we support

1004
00:57:37,440 --> 00:57:42,680
Speaker 2: our political prisoners even when they're innocent. But there's a

1005
00:57:42,720 --> 00:57:44,760
Speaker 2: reason that to talk about this case, I wanted to

1006
00:57:44,760 --> 00:57:47,120
Speaker 2: spend two episodes on the treatment of Lakota people in

1007
00:57:47,120 --> 00:57:48,880
Speaker 2: the nineteenth and two episodes on their treatment in the

1008
00:57:48,920 --> 00:57:52,720
Speaker 2: twentieth century, because I think that context is necessary to

1009
00:57:52,800 --> 00:57:57,880
Speaker 2: understand the self defense case. You know, yeah, the movement

1010
00:57:57,920 --> 00:58:00,960
Speaker 2: for his clemency and its specifically, he wants clemency, not

1011
00:58:01,000 --> 00:58:03,400
Speaker 2: a pardon, because he's like, I didn't fucking do it.

1012
00:58:04,120 --> 00:58:06,400
Speaker 2: I don't want to pardon. He's like, I will not

1013
00:58:06,480 --> 00:58:09,920
Speaker 2: accept a pardon because I didn't do it. I did not.

1014
00:58:10,120 --> 00:58:16,640
Speaker 2: You know, the movement first clemency has included everyone from Nelson, Mandela,

1015
00:58:16,880 --> 00:58:23,200
Speaker 2: Mother Teresa, the European Parliament. The UN's Human Rights Council

1016
00:58:23,320 --> 00:58:26,480
Speaker 2: released an analysis of his analysis of his detention showing

1017
00:58:26,480 --> 00:58:29,040
Speaker 2: that it breaks three articles from the Universal Declaration of

1018
00:58:29,080 --> 00:58:33,200
Speaker 2: Human Rights. The fucking Pope tried to convince Obama to

1019
00:58:33,200 --> 00:58:38,320
Speaker 2: commute his sentence. The US attorney who supervised the prosecution

1020
00:58:38,440 --> 00:58:42,800
Speaker 2: against Peltier has tried multiple times to get Peltier free,

1021
00:58:43,440 --> 00:58:46,760
Speaker 2: saying that the case that he ran was bad.

1022
00:58:48,680 --> 00:58:51,720
Speaker 3: So what you're saying is it's a real fringe position. Yeah,

1023
00:58:51,960 --> 00:58:57,240
Speaker 3: only wild people fringe stuff. Yeah, totally. The US attorney

1024
00:58:57,280 --> 00:58:59,680
Speaker 3: said to the Chicago Tribune that the case against Peltier

1025
00:58:59,840 --> 00:59:02,720
Speaker 3: was quote a very thin case that would likely not

1026
00:59:02,800 --> 00:59:06,200
Speaker 3: be upheld by courts today. It is a gross overstatement

1027
00:59:06,200 --> 00:59:09,120
Speaker 3: to label Peltier as a cold blooded murderer on the

1028
00:59:09,160 --> 00:59:11,920
Speaker 3: basis of the minimal proof that survived the appeals in

1029
00:59:11,960 --> 00:59:18,400
Speaker 3: his case. So Obama was like, no, I'm good. Think

1030
00:59:18,840 --> 00:59:20,280
Speaker 3: the FBI, my boys, fuck it.

1031
00:59:20,320 --> 00:59:27,960
Speaker 2: I don't care. And Peltier is still in prison, but

1032
00:59:29,640 --> 00:59:31,800
Speaker 2: he has something that he wants to say to us,

1033
00:59:32,560 --> 00:59:37,200
Speaker 2: because the reason that I had Miriam on this show

1034
00:59:37,360 --> 00:59:41,480
Speaker 2: is that Miriam's partner is one of his lawyers and

1035
00:59:41,720 --> 00:59:43,120
Speaker 2: was in communication with him about this.

1036
00:59:45,240 --> 00:59:47,640
Speaker 3: Yeah, that is that is the big reveal that we

1037
00:59:47,760 --> 00:59:52,400
Speaker 3: teased last episode. This episode, I don't know whenever. My

1038
00:59:53,440 --> 00:59:59,560
Speaker 3: partner is one of the many lawyers on this on

1039
00:59:59,600 --> 01:00:07,000
Speaker 3: this case. And mister Peltier sent a statement from prison

1040
01:00:07,120 --> 01:00:11,760
Speaker 3: which I am honored to read. Now, the Black Hills

1041
01:00:11,800 --> 01:00:15,800
Speaker 3: are a holy place to the Lakota Nation. The Fort

1042
01:00:15,880 --> 01:00:19,400
Speaker 3: Laramie Treaty of eighteen sixty eight pledged that the Great

1043
01:00:19,440 --> 01:00:24,320
Speaker 3: Sioux Reservation, including the Black Hills, would be quote set

1044
01:00:24,360 --> 01:00:28,440
Speaker 3: apart for the absolute and undisturbed use and occupation of

1045
01:00:28,480 --> 01:00:33,200
Speaker 3: the Lakota Nation. The US military was obligated by law

1046
01:00:33,280 --> 01:00:37,280
Speaker 3: to keep settlers and prospectors from trespassing into the Black Hills,

1047
01:00:38,000 --> 01:00:41,800
Speaker 3: but law is meaningless if it is not enforced. The

1048
01:00:41,840 --> 01:00:45,520
Speaker 3: Fort Laramie Treaty has never lost its legal validity. But

1049
01:00:45,600 --> 01:00:48,760
Speaker 3: after the discovery of gold in the early eighteen seventies,

1050
01:00:48,800 --> 01:00:51,960
Speaker 3: the treaty was broken. The Black Hills were opened for

1051
01:00:52,080 --> 01:00:56,920
Speaker 3: settlement and illegally stolen from the Lakota Nation. These are

1052
01:00:56,960 --> 01:01:01,320
Speaker 3: our holy lands. After one hundred years, it's long overdue

1053
01:01:01,360 --> 01:01:03,880
Speaker 3: for the treaty to be honored and for the United

1054
01:01:03,920 --> 01:01:07,280
Speaker 3: States to restore our sacred sites to us and stop

1055
01:01:07,400 --> 01:01:09,880
Speaker 3: robbing the minerals from the holy earth as they have

1056
01:01:09,960 --> 01:01:14,560
Speaker 3: been doing for more than a century. Aim myself and

1057
01:01:14,640 --> 01:01:17,880
Speaker 3: many natives for generations have fought for the return of the.

1058
01:01:17,800 --> 01:01:21,640
Speaker 1: Black Hills, even though we had been so intimidated and

1059
01:01:21,760 --> 01:01:25,840
Speaker 1: so much violence done to us. Back in the seventies,

1060
01:01:26,320 --> 01:01:29,520
Speaker 1: the FBI tried to tell us that as a colonized people,

1061
01:01:29,960 --> 01:01:33,160
Speaker 1: we had to lay down and follow their rules. They

1062
01:01:33,200 --> 01:01:36,440
Speaker 1: did not understand that they were on our holy lands

1063
01:01:36,600 --> 01:01:40,800
Speaker 1: and that they were not following their own rules. Under

1064
01:01:40,880 --> 01:01:45,040
Speaker 1: Article six of the Constitution, treaties are the supreme law

1065
01:01:45,080 --> 01:01:50,080
Speaker 1: of the land. In order to abrogate or invalidate a treaty,

1066
01:01:50,240 --> 01:01:53,800
Speaker 1: Congress must make a clear statement of intent to terminate

1067
01:01:53,840 --> 01:01:58,440
Speaker 1: the treaty. The Treaty of eighteen sixty eight was never abrogated.

1068
01:01:59,240 --> 01:02:02,240
Speaker 1: Even the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that

1069
01:02:02,280 --> 01:02:05,800
Speaker 1: the Black Hills were never lawfully taken from the Lakota Nation.

1070
01:02:07,440 --> 01:02:10,280
Speaker 1: We have never stopped fighting for the Black Hills, and

1071
01:02:10,360 --> 01:02:14,000
Speaker 1: we never will. I also have a message for the

1072
01:02:14,040 --> 01:02:17,400
Speaker 1: young Natives out there. I know a lot of you

1073
01:02:17,440 --> 01:02:22,600
Speaker 1: are suffering. Know that we love you, we need you.

1074
01:02:22,600 --> 01:02:27,360
Speaker 1: You are part of us. Learn your language, learn your culture.

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01:02:28,320 --> 01:02:31,600
Speaker 1: Who you are and who we are has always been

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01:02:31,720 --> 01:02:34,520
Speaker 1: a good thing, and we need you to keep living

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01:02:34,640 --> 01:02:40,160
Speaker 1: and being good on the earth. Don't despair, resist despair,

1078
01:02:40,960 --> 01:02:43,680
Speaker 1: and stand with us for the land, for the water,

1079
01:02:44,400 --> 01:02:49,640
Speaker 1: for the people. In the spirit of Crazy Horse Leonard Peltier.

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Speaker 5: Cool People Who Did Cool Stock is a production of

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Speaker 5: pool Zone Media podcast on Google zone Media.

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Speaker 3: Visit our website google zonemedia dot com, or check us

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01:03:04,680 --> 01:03:07,880
Speaker 3: out on i her radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever

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Speaker 3: you get your podcasts.