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Speaker 1: Rip Current is a production of iHeart podcasts.

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Speaker 2: The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those

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Speaker 2: of the host, producers or parent company.

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Speaker 3: Listener discretion is it vised.

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Speaker 4: On December eighth, nineteen eighty eight, dozens of activists from

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Speaker 4: the radical environmental group Earth First demonstrated in the tiny

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Speaker 4: town of Scotia, California. Scotia was a true company town.

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Speaker 4: Pacific Lumbers largest mill was there, and the company had

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Speaker 4: built the houses in the town for workers to live

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Speaker 4: in and ran the stores, the movie theater, and so on.

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Speaker 4: The activists had shown up to protest the purchase of

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Speaker 4: Pacific Lumber by Maxam Corporation, which was run by the

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Speaker 4: corporate raider Charles Hurwitz. They believed that Hurwitz would increase

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Speaker 4: the speed at which the centuries old redwood trees would

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Speaker 4: be cut.

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Speaker 5: It was the day of the Living Dead in Scotia,

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Speaker 5: as the environmental group Earth First staged a mock funeral

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Speaker 5: procession to protest the takeover of Pacific Lumber by Charles Hurwitz.

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Speaker 5: Earth First claims Hurwitz's plans to clear cut the forests

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Speaker 5: and close down the mill, making Scotia a ghost town.

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Speaker 5: As they marched through town. Mourners wore a paper Hurwitz

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Speaker 5: mass and carried coffins labeled security, Community, ecology, and economy.

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Speaker 4: They were met by counter protesters, the families of timber workers,

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Speaker 4: who feared that Earth First threatened the jobs of people who,

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Speaker 4: in many cases were the product of many generations of

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Speaker 4: men who made a living by cutting the redwood forest.

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Speaker 5: Supporters of the lumber industry met the protesters halfway, carrying

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Speaker 5: signs of their own. At one point, Earth First burst

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Speaker 5: into song, singing an anti Hurwitz tune to the tune

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Speaker 5: of God, reshy, marry gentlemen, and attempted to heal an

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Speaker 5: effigy of him. The demonstrator's chant of heal Horoitz was

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Speaker 5: countered by pl support orders chanting back go home not.

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Speaker 4: Tempers ran, hot, nerves were frayed.

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Speaker 6: I planned you do.

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Speaker 7: What the hell are you doing here?

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Speaker 8: Trying to stop some of the big trees from getting

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Speaker 8: cut down?

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Speaker 9: The plan another God damn.

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Speaker 4: Among the leaders of the protest was a thirty nine

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Speaker 4: year old carpenter named Judy Barry pop.

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Speaker 5: I think we need you.

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Speaker 10: You ever can have one to build out him?

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Speaker 9: Why not saying no, logan you did that one?

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Speaker 4: Judy had come up to Redwood Country just months before,

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Speaker 4: but her magnetism, vigor, and intelligence led her to quickly

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Speaker 4: become one of the most visible leaders of the resistance

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Speaker 4: against the overcutting. She'd become the face of the movement,

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Speaker 4: and in doing so, became a target. Less than eighteen

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Speaker 4: months later, someone placed a pipe bomb under the driver's

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Speaker 4: seat in Judy Barry's car. The mystery of who placed

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Speaker 4: the bomb underneath the driver's seat in her car has

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Speaker 4: never been solved. The battle over who is guilty has

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Speaker 4: come to be a proxy war over her legacy. Was

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Speaker 4: she so dangerous to corporate timber interests in northern California

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Speaker 4: that they, along with the FBI, conspired in this attack

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Speaker 4: on Barry? Or was she the victim of her ex husband,

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Speaker 4: her environmental work not a factor in a domestic violence attack?

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Speaker 4: Or was it something else. I'm Toby Ball and this

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Speaker 4: is the second season of RIP current episode one Ecotopia.

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Speaker 4: I came to this story by way of a question.

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Speaker 4: The question was inspired by the effects of climate change

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Speaker 4: that are evident in the news and the reality that

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Speaker 4: scientists believe that we have crossed a threshold at which

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Speaker 4: some of these changes are irreversible.

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Speaker 1: Another wildfire broke out today in southern California.

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Speaker 8: Extream hat is continuing to fuel wildfires across the south

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Speaker 8: and west of the.

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Speaker 11: America's days long stretch of deadly spring weather tonight marked

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Speaker 11: by widespread flooding across the Midwest and South, with water.

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Speaker 8: Still rise, strongest earthquakes ever recorded, struggle of the Russian

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Speaker 8: East Coast a few hours. Initions of greenhouse gases need

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Speaker 8: to peak within the next three years if we're to

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Speaker 8: stave off the worst effects of trying.

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Speaker 3: It to a new state of the climate.

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Speaker 12: Report from the American Meteorological Society has concerning updates about the.

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Speaker 8: Plant Scientists warrant countries are not doing enough to protect

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Speaker 8: against the impending disaster.

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Speaker 4: But there doesn't seem to be the kind of broad,

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Speaker 4: desperate active that you would expect when facing this kind

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Speaker 4: of catastrophic environmental destruction. In the United States, it barely

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Speaker 4: gets mentioned in public discourse, despite the wildfires in California,

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Speaker 4: the increasingly violent force of hurricanes, the record breaking temperatures.

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Speaker 4: So to my question, was there a time when people

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Speaker 4: activists faced with irreversible environmental damage did everything in their

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Speaker 4: power to stand up to the forces creating that damage.

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Speaker 4: Was there an example when the effort to save the

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Speaker 4: local environment was willing to do the kind of direct

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Speaker 4: action that would actually stop the forces causing the destruction.

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Speaker 4: While it was not the only example, the one that

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Speaker 4: caught my attention was the so called timber Wars of

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Speaker 4: the nineteen eighties and nineties in Mendocino and Humboldt Counties

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Speaker 4: in the far north of California. During this time, large

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Speaker 4: timber companies increased the rate at which they were cutting

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Speaker 4: the remaining old growth and second growth redwoods to an

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Speaker 4: unsustainable level, a level that would leave the forests bear

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Speaker 4: and rob the timber industry that had sustained the small

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Speaker 4: communities without the resource essential to their jobs, the trees.

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Speaker 4: It would also irrevocably destroy a large portion of the

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Speaker 4: remaining redwoods, the oldest and tallest trees in the world.

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Speaker 3: Get a tree Someday.

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Speaker 13: Soul called actions have resulted in seventy two arrests, including

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Speaker 13: stopping road construction, tree sitting protesters, chaining themselves to a yarner,

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Speaker 13: and burying themselves into a Forest service gate. Even though

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Speaker 13: this demonstration is a peaceful one, Earth versus say they're

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Speaker 13: willing to go further to accomplish their cause. Some say

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Speaker 13: they'll even go as far as laying their life on

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Speaker 13: the line.

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Speaker 14: They're out there destroying life, and this is the best

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Speaker 14: way we can draw attention to it. But we're willing

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Speaker 14: to risk our lives and risk our freedom for the cause.

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Speaker 14: And that's why I think that eventually will win this cause.

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Speaker 4: This conflict took place in the three northernmost counties in California,

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Speaker 4: del nort Humboldt, and Mendocino. These counties are vast and

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Speaker 4: rough and sparsely populated. Combined, they take up an area

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Speaker 4: a little smaller than New Jersey. But while New Jersey

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Speaker 4: has a population of nine and a half million people,

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Speaker 4: these three counties total about a quarter million, or one

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Speaker 4: thirty eighth of New Jerseys. There are no real cities.

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Speaker 4: Geographically and socially, it can feel like the vestiges of

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Speaker 4: the Frontier. It has been nicknamed the Redwood Empire and

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Speaker 4: more recently the Emerald Triangle is Marijuana growing has replaced

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Speaker 4: timber harvesting in the local economy. The acceleration in the

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Speaker 4: rate of cutting was met with resistance from mainstream environmental

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Speaker 4: groups like the Sierra Club and the California Forests Association.

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Speaker 3: Well, largely I had been dealed. The conventional way at

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Speaker 3: the time was Sierra Club and saved the Redwoods League,

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Speaker 3: And those were mainstream, old line, very well informed people

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Speaker 3: on Mike Janella. And I'm a retired journalist now, although

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Speaker 3: I'm still active visit what I call citizen journalism locally.

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Speaker 3: But I spent fifty years covering politics environment for the

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Speaker 3: Press Democrat newspaper in Santa Roso.

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Speaker 4: Mike Janella covered the events before, during, and after the

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Speaker 4: Timber Wars for the largest newspaper covering the counties where

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Speaker 4: redwood harvesting was taking place.

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Speaker 3: They were used to working the legislative hallway's marshaling huge

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Speaker 3: financial support to acquire old growth red wood. So I

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Speaker 3: am dealing with them on that level in the beginning.

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Speaker 4: But another group was also involved in resisting timber industry plans.

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Speaker 3: I kept hearing, however, about these I rentic game environmental protesters,

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Speaker 3: earth First, and they were climbing trees and they were

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Speaker 3: sabotaging equipment, logging equipment in the woods, and I thought,

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Speaker 3: what the hell, this is a whole other step.

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Speaker 4: Earth First was regarded by the FBI as an eco

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Speaker 4: terrorist threat. Their motto was no compromise in defense of

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Speaker 4: Mother Earth. They called the Redwood Empire Ecotopia, which we'll

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Speaker 4: use as well in Ecotopia. Earth First was led in

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Speaker 4: many ways by Judy Berry, who had come to California,

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Speaker 4: eventually moving up to Mendocino County, working as a carpenter

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Speaker 4: and becoming the highest profile spokesman and strategists for Earth First.

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Speaker 4: She was smart, ambitious, charismatic, polarizing, a complicated person. Earth

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Speaker 4: Verse followed an ethos called deep ecology, which envisioned a

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Speaker 4: relationship between humans and nature that was far different from

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Speaker 4: most of the public, not to mention the timber industry.

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Speaker 4: Here Judy describes Earth First at a presentation marking Earth

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Speaker 4: Day nineteen ninety three.

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Speaker 7: The Earth verst is not just a direct action, no

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Speaker 7: compromised group, although it certainly is that, But Earth First

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Speaker 7: stands for a philosophy, and the philosophy is summarized in

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Speaker 7: those two words Earth First. And this philosophy is known

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Speaker 7: as deep ecology or biocentrism, and what it says is

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Speaker 7: that the Earth is not just here for human consumption,

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Speaker 7: but that all species have an equal right to exist

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Speaker 7: for their own sake, not just for their usefulness to humans.

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Speaker 7: Humans need to take our upper place among the species.

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Speaker 7: We need to learn to live on the earth in

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Speaker 7: a way that isn't destroying the earth, and we need

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Speaker 7: to change the way we live to suit the needs

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Speaker 7: of nature.

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Speaker 4: By the time Judy Barry made her way up to

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Speaker 4: Mendocino County, only ten percent of the Redwood forest remained

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Speaker 4: from when people first began cutting trees in the mid

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Speaker 4: eighteen hundreds. Judy arrived in nineteen eighty eight, her labor

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Speaker 4: and anti war activity went back the better part of

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Speaker 4: two decades. She was from the East Coast, beginning her

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Speaker 4: work as a radical while attending University of Maryland. She

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Speaker 4: had come out to California in nineteen seventy nine to

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Speaker 4: live with her future husband, a labor organizer named Mike Sweeney.

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Speaker 4: Their marriage was tumultuous, but there were partners in political activism.

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Speaker 4: In nineteen eighty eight, they divorced, agreeing to collaborate on

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Speaker 4: raising their two daughters up among the redwoods. The other

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Speaker 4: high profile leader of Earth First in Ecotopia was Judy's

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Speaker 4: political and organizing partner and one time boyfriend, Darryl Churney.

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Speaker 4: Daryl was an unlikely face to lead a resistance effort

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Speaker 4: in the rough and tumble of northernmost California. He was

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Speaker 4: a New Yorker, had been a child actor in TV commercials.

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Speaker 4: He had a master's from Fordham University in the Bronx.

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Speaker 4: The San Francisco Examiner article described him as short, thin, pale, abstemious,

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Speaker 4: and a vegetarian. Doesn't match the stereotype of the robust,

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Speaker 4: ruddy mountain climbing, hunting and fishing outdoorsman end quote. But

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Speaker 4: he had felt that he couldn't fulfill his lofty life

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Speaker 4: goals in New York City's urban environment. He had visited

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Speaker 4: the Redwoods with his parents in his early teens, and

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Speaker 4: the experience stuck with him. He talked about this in

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Speaker 4: an interview with Sojourner Truth Radio in April of twenty twelve.

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Speaker 15: It probably began when I took a cross country trip

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Speaker 15: with my parents when I was fourteen years old and

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Speaker 15: saw the Redwoods for the first time and just fell

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Speaker 15: in love with them and pledged that I would someday

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Speaker 15: move back. And fifteen years later, when I was twenty nine,

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Speaker 15: almost thirty years old, I came back to California immediately

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Speaker 15: learned that the redwoods were being clearcut and in particularly.

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Speaker 4: He told the Examiner, I always knew I wanted to

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Speaker 4: save the world, but in retrospect, I couldn't decide exactly

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Speaker 4: what I wanted to save. Everywhere I looked, it was

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Speaker 4: under concrete.

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Speaker 15: I had to do something. I had actually come to

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Speaker 15: California specifically to engage in political activism as well as

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Speaker 15: to learn how to live off the land. I had

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Speaker 15: grew up in New York City. I felt that it

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Speaker 15: was not exactly a habitable place for myself as a

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Speaker 15: human being anymore, and I wanted to live amidst nature.

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Speaker 4: So in nineteen eighty five, Tourney left New York City

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Speaker 4: for California. A critical moment in his journey has the

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Speaker 4: ring of the apocryphal about it, and is an early

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Speaker 4: indication of the kind of self mythologizing that would characterize

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Speaker 4: Darryl and Judy's efforts in the coming years. Cherney apparently

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Speaker 4: picked up a Cheyenne hitchhiker who went by the name

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Speaker 4: of Phoenix. Darrel described him as quote an Indian guru

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Speaker 4: for white people. Their conversation as they drove led Phoenix

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Speaker 4: to direct Daryl to the town of Garberville, which seemed

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Speaker 4: like a good idea to Daryl because he liked the

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Speaker 4: funky name. Garberville happened to be home to the Environmental

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Speaker 4: Protection and Information Center or EPIC. EPIC was a nonprofit

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Speaker 4: organization that had enjoyed success filing lawsuits to stop the

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Speaker 4: cutting of old growth redwoods. As he walked up to

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Speaker 4: the EPIC offices, however, what Katie was the earth First sticker.

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Speaker 4: He liked the way the name almost rhymed. A year later,

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Speaker 4: he was managing a motel and active in resisting timber

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Speaker 4: company plans in the redwood forest.

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Speaker 15: When I got to nature, I found that it was

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Speaker 15: being destroyed, and with my passion for politics and we

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Speaker 15: started an earth First Chapter in Humboldt County, California.

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Speaker 11: Over one hundred years, it has been a central corporate

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Speaker 11: tactic to divide.

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Speaker 3: And rules to say the road work isn't consumers.

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Speaker 4: Earth First engaged in a variety of activities in their

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Speaker 4: resistance to the overcutting. They did tree sets, where volunteers

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Speaker 4: would perch on platforms as high as eighty to one

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Speaker 4: hundred feet off the ground, sometimes for days to protect

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Speaker 4: them from the saw. They blockaded logging roads, protests, did

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Speaker 4: a corporate offices and timber company towns, and hung a

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Speaker 4: banner from the Golden gate Bridge. But there was also

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Speaker 4: whimsy in their efforts. They showed up to county planning

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Speaker 4: board meetings and animal costumes, and they played music. Darryl

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Speaker 4: is a guitarist and Judy played the fiddle. Darryl in

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Speaker 4: particular wrote folkey protest songs, some serious, some satirical, with

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Speaker 4: titles like spike a tree for Jesus, you can't clearcut

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Speaker 4: your way to Heaven, and they don't make hippies the

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Speaker 4: way they used to. He also wrote an anthem for

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Speaker 4: Earth First, noumbre Li.

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Speaker 11: Pombrel no pumbre li.

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Speaker 5: COMPI.

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Speaker 4: By May of nineteen ninety, Judy and Darryl were deeply

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Speaker 4: involved in organizing resistance again the overcutting and ecotopia. As

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Speaker 4: their efforts grew more ambitious, they, along with other Earth

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Speaker 4: First activists, became more recognizable in the logging communities. They

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Speaker 4: became targets of threatened and actual violence. In this atmosphere,

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Speaker 4: they decided to undertake by far their most ambitious action,

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Speaker 4: an effort based on the Mississippi summer voter registration efforts

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Speaker 4: during the Civil Rights era. They called it Redwood Summer.

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Speaker 4: They planned to bring thousands of college students to Ecotopia

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Speaker 4: to take part in actions against the timber industry and

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Speaker 4: to bring more attention to the overcutting. Again from Darryl's

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Speaker 4: interview with Sojournal Truth Radio.

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Speaker 15: The lessons we were drawing from Freedom Summer War one

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Speaker 15: organize college kids bring him here. Secondly, that the eyes

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Speaker 15: of the nation when you look behind the redwood curtain,

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Speaker 15: just like when you look behind the Deep South and

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Speaker 15: the Jim Crow Laws and all that, the rest of

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Speaker 15: the country was shocked, and with us it was the

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Speaker 15: same thing that you look at the redwood's being slaughtered.

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Speaker 15: It's not that the issues are identical in their dynamic,

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Speaker 15: but there's certain overriding principles that unify all these issues.

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Speaker 4: It was their work on Redwood Summer that took Judy

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Speaker 4: and Darryl to Berkeley on May twenty third. Their plan

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Speaker 4: was to go to Berkeley for a meeting and then

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Speaker 4: on the Santa Cruz the following day, where they would

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Speaker 4: give a benefit concert at the University of California, Santa

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Speaker 4: Cruz for Redwood summer. The meeting in Berkeley was with

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Speaker 4: a group called Seeds of Peace. In an interview with

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Speaker 4: New Settler, Judy Barry described Seeds of Peace. Here are

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Speaker 4: her words read by an actor.

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Speaker 11: They are a group of nonviolent activists who feed people

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Speaker 11: and run base camps, and they have the capacities and

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Speaker 11: the skills to feed many people. They had offered themselves

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Speaker 11: to Redwood summer to help us run the base camps

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Speaker 11: and help us run the non violence trainings, so they

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Speaker 11: were working in coalition with Earth First.

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Speaker 4: After the meeting, Judy and Darryl split up. Seeds of

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Speaker 4: Peace owned a group house, and Daryl stayed there on

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Speaker 4: the night of the twenty third. A man named Dave

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Speaker 4: Kemnitzer meanwhile had an extra bed at his apartment, which

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Speaker 4: he offered to Judy. She parked on the street and

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Speaker 4: spent the night at his apartment. The plan was for

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Speaker 4: Daryl to meet her at Dave Kemnitzer's in the morning

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Speaker 4: and they would drive down to Santa Cruz together in

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Speaker 4: Judy's car. This is Andy Caffrey, a longtime Earth First

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Speaker 4: activist who also acts as a group's unofficial documentarian.

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Speaker 2: That morning, Daryl and the Seeds Peace woman, Shannon. They

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Speaker 2: went over to the place where Judy.

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Speaker 6: Was staying and they had a little bit of a meeting,

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Speaker 6: and then.

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Speaker 2: Arrol got into the car with Judy and Shannon was

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Speaker 2: driving in front, and they were driving back to the

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Speaker 2: Seeds of Peace house and they went over a bump

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Speaker 2: and the bomb blew up.

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Speaker 4: It was seven minutes to noon. The bomb had detonated

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Speaker 4: in the car as Judy drove east on Park Boulevard

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Speaker 4: past Oakland High School. This is Shannon Marr, the woman

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Speaker 4: from Seeds of Peace, speaking to a reporter from KTVU

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Speaker 4: Television News in San Francisco.

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Speaker 8: You were driving behind, I wasn't driving in front of them.

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Speaker 5: Judy was conscious but kind of out of it and

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Speaker 5: going to shock, and Darryl was leaning he had a

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Speaker 5: large gash in his head.

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Speaker 4: Writing for the Earth First Journal, Judy described the moment

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Speaker 4: of the explosion again. This is read by an actor.

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Speaker 11: I knew it was a bomb the second it exploded.

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Speaker 11: I felt it ripped through me with a force more powerful,

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Speaker 11: terrible than anything I could imagine. It blew right through

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Speaker 11: my car seat, shattering my pelvis, crushing my lower backbone,

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Speaker 11: leaving me instantly paralyzed. I couldn't fill my legs, but

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Speaker 11: desperate pain filled my body. I didn't know such pain existed.

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Speaker 11: I could feel the life force straining from me, and

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Speaker 11: I know I was dying.

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Speaker 4: Daryl, in the passenger seat, was spared the full brunt

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Speaker 4: of the blast, but also sustained injuries. He spoke to

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Speaker 4: Sojourn or Truth Radio about the bombing.

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Speaker 15: For me, all I know is I thought I was dead,

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Speaker 15: actually because I had no frame of reference as to

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Speaker 15: what had just happened. My ears were ringing. I learned

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Speaker 15: later that was my eardrums flapping. The car was bouncing

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Speaker 15: up and down, and then when it came to a

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Speaker 15: grinding halt. Two kids came out of Oakan High because

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Speaker 15: this happened right in front of Oakan High School on

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Speaker 15: Park and MacArthur, and they came running out, going, it's

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Speaker 15: a bomb, it's a bomb. The first thing I did

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Speaker 15: was make sure Judy was okay, and she was not okay,

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Speaker 15: and so I kept her talking and I just kept

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Speaker 15: telling her that I loved her, over and over and

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Speaker 15: over again.

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Speaker 4: It was a powerful bomb that would have killed both

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Speaker 4: Judy and Darryl if it had functioned as intended. Again,

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Speaker 4: Andy Caffrey.

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Speaker 6: The only reason they weren't killed is the pipe bomb

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Speaker 6: had a defective end cap, so most of the force

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Speaker 6: blew out the driver's side of the door instead of

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Speaker 6: blowing up into Judy.

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Speaker 4: Even with the malfunction, Judy's car was totaled, the windshield

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Speaker 4: was blown out, the roof blowed upwards, the left rear

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Speaker 4: door torn from its hinges. After the explosion, With Judy

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Speaker 4: either unconscious or barely conscious, the car drifted into the

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Speaker 4: oncoming lanes, bounced off two other cars, and came to

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Speaker 4: a stop at the intersection of Park and MacArthur Buller Arts.

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Speaker 4: A man named Bob Vandermere was driving to an afternoon

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Speaker 4: baseball game when he heard the explosion and felt the concussion.

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Speaker 4: He told the examiner the female driver was unconscious and

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Speaker 4: sort of smack up against the door on the driver's side.

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Speaker 4: As I approached, a man in the passenger seat popped up,

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Speaker 4: bleeding pretty bad all over. He started yelling, help get

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Speaker 4: me out of here. Judy was grievously injured. Darryl fared better.

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Speaker 3: Darryl was really lucky.

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Speaker 6: He had one of his eyes, had a lens scratch,

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Speaker 6: and he had cut on his head.

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Speaker 3: And I think his ears were ringing for a long time.

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Speaker 4: Later in this series, we will examine the immediate law

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Speaker 4: enforcement response to the bombing, because as the bombed out

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Speaker 4: shell of Judy's car lay in the middle of the street,

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Speaker 4: things did not play out as they should have. Oakland

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Speaker 4: Police were first on the scene, but after that things

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Speaker 4: got strange.

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Speaker 1: My name's David Helvarregam, a long time journalist, private investigator,

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Speaker 1: and founder of Blue Frontier, which is a ocean policy group.

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Speaker 1: Whenever there's a bombing, the first responders, the first law

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Speaker 1: enforcement agency to investigate is the alcohol, tobacco, firearms. At

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Speaker 1: the scene of the pipe bomb that went off in

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Speaker 1: Judy Barry's car, FBI Domestic Terrorism Unit was there and

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Speaker 1: basically said we're taking over this investigation, told ATF to

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Speaker 1: beat it, and then basically worked and spoon fed the

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Speaker 1: Oakland PD, and.

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Speaker 4: Before the day was up, Judy and Darryl would not

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Speaker 4: only be the victims of the car bombing, they would

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Speaker 4: be the prime suspects.

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Speaker 8: In just twenty four hours, the two people who were

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Speaker 8: injured when a bomb exploded in a car in Oakland

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Speaker 8: went from victims to official suspects. Amid outrage and denials

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Speaker 8: from the environmentalist group Earth First. Forty year old Judy

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Speaker 8: Barry and thirty three year old Aryl Journey have been

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Speaker 8: charged with possessing and transporting and explosive device.

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Speaker 4: Judy was placed under arrest at the hospital, where she

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Speaker 4: would be for weeks as she recovered from her injuries.

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Speaker 4: Darryl was released from the hospital wearing an eyepatch. He

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Speaker 4: was arrested and taken to the Oakland Jail. Oakland Police

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Speaker 4: Lieutenant Mike Simms explained the reasons behind Judy and Darryl's

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Speaker 4: arrests at a press conference.

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Speaker 9: The decision to arrest was based on the placement of

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Speaker 9: the device in the vehicle, the nature of its construction,

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Speaker 9: physical and other evidence that we developed by the investigators

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Speaker 9: for that.

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Speaker 4: But Judy and Daryl hadn't planted the bomb. We still

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Speaker 4: don't know who did. At the time of creating this podcast,

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Speaker 4: thirty five years after the fact, there has not been

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Speaker 4: an arrest made in this case. We know that Judy

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Speaker 4: Barry and Darryl Turney did not place the bomb that

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Speaker 4: could easily have killed them both. Beyond that, there's a

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Speaker 4: timeline of a before the bomb detonated. There's the failure

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Speaker 4: of the FBI and local police departments to meaningfully investigate

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Speaker 4: the crime. And perhaps most of all, there's the activism

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Speaker 4: that Barry and Churney were leading and the fierce opposition

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Speaker 4: to their efforts, efforts that sought to save swaths of

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Speaker 4: the tallest, oldest trees on the planet from a campaign

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Speaker 4: of clearcutting planned by Timber Corporation. And there are the suspects.

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Speaker 4: In the heated environment of Ecotopia, there were plenty of

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Speaker 4: people who might have wanted Judy dead for ideological or

415
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Speaker 4: personal reasons. And there was another possibility put forward by

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Speaker 4: Judy and those close to her, a conspiracy involving elements

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Speaker 4: of the corporate timber industry and the FBI, a possibility

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Speaker 4: suggested by the extreme tactics taken by corporate Timber to

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Speaker 4: stop Earth First, and by the FBI's history of sabotaging

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Speaker 4: radical groups through infiltration and violence, including just the year

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Speaker 4: before Earth First itself. We'll look at this story, which

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Speaker 4: played out in Arizona later in the series. This is

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Speaker 4: the story of people who saw irreversible environmental damage being

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Speaker 4: committed and did everything they could to stop it. It

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Speaker 4: is the story of how an act of violence came

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Speaker 4: to overshadow the accomplishments of a woman who could inspire

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Speaker 4: and enrage in her efforts to stop the leveling of

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Speaker 4: the Redwood forest in northernmost California. And it is the

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Speaker 4: story of how the battle over the identity of who

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Speaker 4: placed the bomb became a proxy war over her legacy.

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Speaker 4: This season on Rip Current.

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Speaker 16: There was a general consensus among the logging community that

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Speaker 16: if anybody was caught spike in a tree, they just

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Speaker 16: crucify a crack.

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Speaker 10: And then my whole head started to ring like a

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Speaker 10: citar in my head, like and the car came to

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Speaker 10: a streaking home and then I heard somebody scream out,

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Speaker 10: it's a bomb.

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Speaker 7: I think that the implications of deep ecology capitalism would

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Speaker 7: have to go, And that's one of the reasons I

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Speaker 7: think we're such a threat.

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Speaker 15: She definitely had the kind of personality where she amplified

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Speaker 15: your feelings about her, whatever they were.

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Speaker 3: It was like that incident out in the woods when

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Speaker 3: one of the longing temper pawler guys punched the woman,

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Speaker 3: knocked her own, broke her nose. It was that level

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Speaker 3: of intensity. Who what guy knocks a woman out? I mean,

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Speaker 3: what the hell is this? What are we doing here?

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Speaker 12: When the evidence indicated that she was the victim and

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Speaker 12: not the terrorist, the FBI lost interest. I mean the

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Speaker 12: FBI failed as law enforcement. That's my perspective.

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Speaker 11: RIP Current was written and hosted by Toby Ball. Our

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Speaker 11: executive producers are Trevor Young and Matt Frederick, with supervising

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Speaker 11: producer Remat el Kyali and producers Nomes Griffin and Jesse Funk.

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Speaker 11: Original music by Jeff Sanoff. Our voice actor for Judy

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Speaker 11: Barry is Gina Riccikey. Editing and sound design by Nomes Griffin,

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Speaker 11: Rima el Kylie and Jesse Funk. The show is mixed

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Speaker 11: by Rima el Kyali. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit

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Speaker 11: the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.