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Speaker 1: Happy Saturday. Tico Brahe, whose name is pronounced in an

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Speaker 1: assortment of ways by speakers of different languages, got a

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Speaker 1: very brief name drop in our episode on Johannes and

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Speaker 1: ELIZABETHA Javelius. Previous hosts of the show, Sarah and Deblina,

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Speaker 1: did an episode on him back on December sixth, twenty ten,

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Speaker 1: so this episode was originally recorded not long after Tikobrahe's

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Speaker 1: remains had been exhumed to try to determine whether he

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Speaker 1: died of poisoning. Those tests were still in progress at

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Speaker 1: the time, but in November of twenty twelve, researchers announced

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Speaker 1: the concentration of mercury in his system was not enough

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Speaker 1: to have caused his death. Another paper published in twenty

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Speaker 1: twelve concluded that his nose prosthesis had been made of brass,

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Speaker 1: which is another question that had come up in this episode.

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Speaker 1: That was not the end, though. Research published in twenty

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Speaker 1: sixteen examined the presence of several medals in brajes hair

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Speaker 1: and bone samples, including iron, arsenic, silver, and gold. While

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Speaker 1: he did have higher amounts of all of these metals

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Speaker 1: than was typical for people at the time, those levels

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Speaker 1: dropped off about two months before his death, with one exception,

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Speaker 1: and that was gold. That level stayed the same, and

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Speaker 1: it's possible his gold exposure was ongoing through something like

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Speaker 1: cutlery or wine with gold leaf in it. And yet

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Speaker 1: another paper, this one published in twenty eighteen, concluded that

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Speaker 1: Brahe had diffuse idiopathics skeletal hyperstosis or DISH, which is

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Speaker 1: a type of arthritis involving the connective tissues around the spine.

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Speaker 1: This paper's authors said they could not establish a definite

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Speaker 1: or specific diagnosis for him, but noted that comorbidities associated

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Speaker 1: with DISH and metabolic syndrome could have been possible causes

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Speaker 1: of death. In particular, this paper mentioned things like an

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Speaker 1: increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and benign

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Speaker 1: prostate swelling, which could have been what caused him to

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Speaker 1: be unable to urinate. Brahy was also known to drink

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Speaker 1: a lot of alcohol, so the effects of excessive alcohol

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Speaker 1: consumption were noted as possible contributing factors in this paper

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Speaker 1: as well. There is also a brief mention of November

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Speaker 1: in this episode, which, just to be clear, is not

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Speaker 1: just about celebrating mustaches but also about raising money and

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Speaker 1: awareness for men's health. So enjoy Welcome to Stuff you

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Speaker 1: missed in History Class, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: Hello, and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 3: I'm Sarah Dowdy and I'm Deblina Chocolboardy. And the central

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Speaker 3: figure of today's episode is one that's been requested quite frequently.

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Speaker 3: It's Tico Brahe, the famous Danish astronomer of the sixteenth

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Speaker 3: century who is remarkable because he made a lot of

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Speaker 3: his observations with the naked eye. Essentially this was pre

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Speaker 3: the invention of the telescope.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, impressive stuff. And I think people keep on requesting

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Speaker 2: him because he's been in the news a lot recently

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Speaker 2: because of a certain dig that's.

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Speaker 3: Going on an exhimation and.

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Speaker 2: Simation, which most of you know that's like the theme

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Speaker 2: of the podcast. So I was really pleased when you

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Speaker 2: pick this one. To Lena, I was like, you're you're

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Speaker 2: learning fast.

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Speaker 3: Well, you know, I want to blend, so this is

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Speaker 3: my chance. But the news that Sarah's referred to is

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Speaker 3: Tikobraha's remains were brought up for the second time. He

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Speaker 3: was exhumed in November. For about a week. His remains

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Speaker 3: were taken from the tomb that they rest in Prague,

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Speaker 3: and scientists they did this because they want to get

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Speaker 3: a better idea, some more insight into the unusual circumstances

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Speaker 3: that surrounded his death.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, because I mean, for a long time, people have

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Speaker 2: thought that he died of a bladder infection.

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Speaker 3: I know, it's kind of unfortunate, it's an unfortunate reputation

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Speaker 3: to have, but people thought that he died because while

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Speaker 3: he was at a banquet at the Emperor's court in Prague,

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Speaker 3: he refused to excuse himself to go to the bathroom.

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Speaker 2: So he's like a good example for teaching your kids,

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Speaker 2: don't hold it too long, don't go ahead it say

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Speaker 2: you need to go. He claimed he had a good excuse.

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Speaker 3: He thought it would be rude, basically a breach of

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Speaker 3: court etiquette to do that in the middle of this dinner.

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Speaker 3: But suffice to say, what happened is he returned home

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Speaker 3: and he was unable to urinate after that experience. That

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Speaker 3: was the case for actually eleven days can you imagine,

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Speaker 3: sounds agonizing until he finally died on October twenty fourth,

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Speaker 3: sixteen oh one. So this is kind of the backstory

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Speaker 3: to it. There have been varying reports. People said that

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Speaker 3: his bladder burst, it had become twisted somehow torn. It

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Speaker 3: was kind of unclear. Kidney disease was also proposed as

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Speaker 3: a possible suspect in the situation. Even at that time, though,

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Speaker 3: there were some rumors going around, some murmurings that maybe

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Speaker 3: murder had been involved because Tiko was basically a healthy guy.

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Speaker 3: He was about fifty four to fifty five years old,

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Speaker 3: didn't have any illness, so it was a little suspect,

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Speaker 3: and he had enemies, and he had enemies definitely.

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Speaker 2: We'll find out later.

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Speaker 3: Sure. So fast forward to the nineteen nineties, the prop

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Speaker 3: National Museum happens to be in possession of Tiko's mustache.

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Speaker 2: As I thought, this was really like timely news because

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Speaker 2: it's November, you know, the whole mustache month.

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Speaker 3: I did not know this.

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Speaker 2: You're supposed to grow mustache if you are so able

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Speaker 2: to do so, in November to celebrate mustaches. So I mean,

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Speaker 2: I feel like maybe they dug him off to coincide

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Speaker 2: with this.

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Speaker 3: Probably not, but cheers well, they actually that was his

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Speaker 3: first exhumation in nineteen oh one where they got the mustache,

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Speaker 3: So maybe they celebrated November at that time as well.

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Speaker 3: Maybe basically they got the mustache, and then in nineteen

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Speaker 3: ninety one they brought it back out the Prog Museum.

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Speaker 3: They sent a few hairs over to some researchers in

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Speaker 3: Denmark and they discovered something at that time. They discovered

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Speaker 3: some really high mercury levels in Tico's system. It was

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Speaker 3: about one hundred times above normal.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, And so in nineteen ninety six Danish and Swedish

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Speaker 2: scientists decided to do a few more tests on those hairs,

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Speaker 2: and this time they used a proton microbe, which was

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Speaker 2: more sophisticated technology, and they found out that all that

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Speaker 2: mercury hadn't accumulated over years and years, It had all

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Speaker 2: come in one single dose, which was only about thirteen

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Speaker 2: hours before he died. So suddenly this seemed very suspicious,

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Speaker 2: very likely the cause of death, not this burst bladder

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Speaker 2: or kidney disease or something.

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Speaker 3: Right, So that's basically what they're trying to get more

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Speaker 3: information on with this current exhumation. The question still lingers

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Speaker 3: even if they find out if it's murder, who would

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Speaker 3: want to murder Tico? And why?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, what did he do? That's so wrong.

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Speaker 3: So that's a little bit of what we're going to

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Speaker 3: look into in this episode. But first we're going to

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Speaker 3: take you back to the beginning, so we always do

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Speaker 3: as we do. He was born Tiga Brahe actually with

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Speaker 3: a different, slightly different first name, on December fourteenth, fifteen

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Speaker 3: forty six, in an area that would now be considered

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Speaker 3: South Sweden, but it was then part of Denmark.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and his parents were nobles, but they didn't have

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Speaker 2: that big of an influence on his life because of

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Speaker 2: something that happens at age two. Yes, he was kidnapped,

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Speaker 2: and he's kidnapped by his uncle, Jorgen Brahe. Yeah, that's

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Speaker 2: kind of the strange part. His dad apparently.

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Speaker 3: Made a deal with Jorgen before Tico was even born,

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Speaker 3: and the deal was that if the child was a boy,

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Speaker 3: Jorgan could adopt him. You see, Jorgan he didn't have

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Speaker 3: a son, so therefore he didn't have an heir, so

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Speaker 3: he really wanted this to occur. But after Tiko actually

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Speaker 3: showed up, Auto kind of changed his mind.

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Speaker 2: He changed the deal, or maybe his wife mentioned something

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Speaker 2: like no, I'd really rather not give away my first born.

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Speaker 3: That could also be an aspect of it.

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Speaker 2: But fortunately Otto and his wife have a second son

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Speaker 2: named Steen, and at this point Jorgan is like, well,

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Speaker 2: Tico is mine. I mean, if you have two sons,

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Speaker 2: I'm at least taking one of them. And Tico's father

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Speaker 2: was pretty upset about this at first, that his son

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Speaker 2: got swiped by his brother. Yeah, he was.

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Speaker 3: He threatened to murder his brother Jorgan at first, but

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Speaker 3: then he eventually relaxed about it a little bit and

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Speaker 3: he saw the benefits that this situation could potentially present.

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Speaker 3: He saw that, Okay, my brother Jorgan, he is lord

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Speaker 3: of Trannicker Castle. He's very wealthy, he's very well educated.

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Speaker 3: So he saw after a while that Tico could be

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Speaker 3: on the track to a pretty sweet inheritance if he

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Speaker 3: stayed with his uncle.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, that both of his sons might end up with

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Speaker 2: a better future.

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Speaker 3: Right, And so Jorgen being well educated and his wife

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Speaker 3: inga they sent Tico on the track to getting a

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Speaker 3: good education too. By all accounts, they were very loving

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Speaker 3: parents and he had like really good childhood. So in

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Speaker 3: about fifteen fifty nine, when he was about twelve or

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Speaker 3: thirteen years old, Tiko went to the University of Copenhagen

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Speaker 3: and was there until about fifteen sixty two. His main

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Speaker 3: area of study there was law, which is what his

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Speaker 3: uncle wanted him to do, but it was.

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Speaker 2: Kind of the expected job for a.

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Speaker 3: Man of his class exactly. But it didn't take a

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Speaker 3: little It didn't take very long for a couple things

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Speaker 3: to happen while he was there. First off, he started

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Speaker 3: writing his name as Tico instead of Tiga, which was

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Speaker 3: the more modern style. And then most significant, he witnessed

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Speaker 3: a total eclipse of the sun on August twenty first,

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Speaker 3: fifteen sixty And this was just an amazing phenomenon to

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Speaker 3: him because it was something that had been predicted and

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Speaker 3: that it actually came to be, and he was just

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Speaker 3: sort of fascinated by the fact that this was possible.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, he knew there must be something behind astronomy, and

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Speaker 2: so he started to study it more. He started to

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Speaker 2: go out and study the stars at night, even though

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Speaker 2: his family was trying to get him to focus on

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Speaker 2: law and not be out stargazing. But after leaving school,

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Speaker 2: he toured Europe and went all over Wittenberg, Rostock, Basil, Augsburg.

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Speaker 2: But instead of visiting all the courts and doing the

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Speaker 2: things he should have done as this young nobleman, he

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Speaker 2: spent time studying at a few universities exactly.

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Speaker 3: He was at the University of Leipzig from about fifteen

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Speaker 3: sixty two to fifteen sixty five. His uncle actually sent

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Speaker 3: him there again to study law, but of course he

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Speaker 3: kept gazing at the stars. In fifteen sixty three, he

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Speaker 3: had what was his second significant astronomical experience, so to speak,

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Speaker 3: which was the first recorded observation of the overlapping of

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Speaker 3: Jupiter and Saturn. And this was significant because it was

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Speaker 3: something that was sort of off from what other scientists

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Speaker 3: had predicted. So he had studied the works of Ptolemy

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Speaker 3: and Copernicus. But what this showed him was that a

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Speaker 3: lot of what was known at the time about the

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Speaker 3: positions of the planets and the stars wasn't exactly accurate.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So he knew there was room for him and

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Speaker 2: room to improve on what was already known.

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Speaker 3: Yeah. So he dedicated his life at this point to

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Speaker 3: studying astronomy in stars.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, And he kept on traveling, kept on studying astronomy

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Speaker 2: and at rostock. He actually got into an argument with

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Speaker 2: another student over a mathematical point, which seems like as

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Speaker 2: good a thing as any to get into that argument over.

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Speaker 2: They take it pretty far. They fight a duel, and

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Speaker 2: some people say it was a drunken duel. That doesn't

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Speaker 2: sound too surprising, but it ends with the other student

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Speaker 2: slicing off part of Tica's nose and a big part,

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Speaker 2: a big part of it. And to deal with that,

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Speaker 2: he had an artificial nose created, which was supposedly made

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Speaker 2: of either silver or gold. And that was I mean,

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Speaker 2: that's probably what he's best known for it.

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Speaker 3: That's the fake nosake. Yeah, and we'll talk a little

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Speaker 3: more about that later. But during this period he did

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Speaker 3: something else that was a little scandalous. He'd already angered

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Speaker 3: his family by studying astronomy, which wasn't as respected as

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Speaker 3: the law, and then he went off and married a

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Speaker 3: woman who was basically considered a peasant. Her name was

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Speaker 3: Kirsten Jorgen's daughter. She was the daughter of a parson,

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Speaker 3: and family and friends never really accepted her. I mean

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Speaker 3: for a long time. They had eight kids, I think,

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Speaker 3: and they were considered illegitimate because.

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Speaker 2: The marriage was so beneath him, right.

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Speaker 3: Never really recognized it.

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Speaker 2: But I mean, he's doing all right financially at least,

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Speaker 2: even if they're not recognizing his family he's still this

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Speaker 2: wealthy nobleman. And when his father and uncle both die

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Speaker 2: in fifteen seventy one, he inherits his uncle's estate and

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Speaker 2: at least part of his father's estate. So he's he's

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Speaker 2: got all the resources he needs to continue his studies

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Speaker 2: and really launch himself fully into astronomy.

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Speaker 3: Yes, so then he sets up his own sort of

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Speaker 3: small observatory and lab on another relative's property, just to

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Speaker 3: totally devote herselves. Right and there, on November eleventh, fifteen

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Speaker 3: seventy two, he made what is perhaps considered his most

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Speaker 3: significant discovery. He noticed what he called a new star

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Speaker 3: and it was brighter than Venus and located where no

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Speaker 3: star was supposed to be in the Cassiopeia constellation, and

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Speaker 3: he published a work about it called De Nova Stella,

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Speaker 3: which is the New Star translated.

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Speaker 2: This was really big news for the intellectual community at

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Speaker 2: the time.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, it shook them up.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, because they figured that we know everything we could

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Speaker 2: never know about where the stars are. The stars do

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Speaker 2: not move, you don't get a new one, and so

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Speaker 2: this was major news for them. Yeah.

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Speaker 3: It almost was controversial. It rubbed some people the wrong way.

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Speaker 3: They didn't want to believe it. But now we know

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Speaker 3: what he observed was a supernova or the explosion of

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Speaker 3: a dying star. But you know, at the time, just

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Speaker 3: the fact that he'd seen something there that was different

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Speaker 3: was a big deal. So after this, Tico becomes pretty

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Speaker 3: famous throughout Europe. He's a well known and well respected astronomer,

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Speaker 3: and he has a dream of establishing even larger, a

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Speaker 3: very large observatory, and he plans to do so in

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Speaker 3: Germany until King Frederick the Second of Denmark convinces him

260
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Speaker 3: to stay. Basically makes them an offer he can't refuse.

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Speaker 3: It makes them a pretty sweet offer. Frederick is basically

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Speaker 3: Frederick the second becomes a patron of sorts for Tiko,

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Speaker 3: possibly because his life had been saved by Tico's uncle,

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Speaker 3: so reason that could factor into it. But I think

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Speaker 3: part of it was also that here's this fabulous, famous astronomer,

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Speaker 3: and I don't want to lose him. I want him

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Speaker 3: to stay in my country. So all these things combined

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Speaker 3: maybe convince him to offer Tico the entire island of

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Speaker 3: then and fit the bill for the construction of a

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Speaker 3: large observatory in house and essentially makes the villagers Tico's tenants.

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Speaker 2: So basically he can get rent from there.

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Speaker 3: He can get rent from them duties. It's an awesome

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Speaker 3: deal from Tico's point of view. So he gets to

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Speaker 3: build his observatory, picks his own architect, and he calls

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Speaker 3: it Uranaborg, which translates to Castle of the Heavens, and

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Speaker 3: it's complete with It's a pretty swanky place, even complete

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Speaker 3: with indoor plumbing, which is zoronic too, I think, considering

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Speaker 3: his unusual death. Yeah, it is a little ironic. But

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Speaker 3: he designs his plumbing himself, and it was very uncommon

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Speaker 3: at the time, so it's always something that you'll see

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Speaker 3: mentioned about Urannaborg, even though it's kind of a funny

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Speaker 3: thing to mention, I guess. And this was considered the

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Speaker 3: world's first large research institute. So he has all these

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Speaker 3: assistants that help him and he is just observing away

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Speaker 3: and they.

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Speaker 2: Do a lot of work there. All of Tico and

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Speaker 2: all of his assistants catalog the positions of at least

288
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Speaker 2: seven hundred and seventy seven stars, some people say it's

289
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Speaker 2: more like one thousand stars. And the work replaces Ptolemy's.

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Speaker 2: It becomes the standard astronomical text, I guess, or data set.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, it was a pretty big deal. And then in

292
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Speaker 3: the fifteen eighties he came up with what he thought

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Speaker 3: to be his biggest achievement ever, and that was a

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Speaker 3: theory about the Solar system that contradicted Copernicus. Basically, he

295
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Speaker 3: hoped with this, he hoped to eventually confirm this with

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Speaker 3: his data.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and just to give you a rundown of how

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Speaker 2: these theories differed, Copernicus thought that the Sun was the

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Speaker 2: center of the universe and all the planets revolved around

300
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Speaker 2: the Sun. But Tico thought that the Earth stayed put,

301
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Speaker 2: it remained in this stationary position, and the Sun and

302
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Speaker 2: the Moon revolved around the Earth, orbiting the Earth, and

303
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Speaker 2: the other planets orbited the Sun. So it was kind

304
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Speaker 2: of a mish mash, I guess.

305
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Speaker 3: Yeah, it was a little topsy jervey compared to Copernicus's theory.

306
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Speaker 3: And of course now we know that Copernicus was actually correct,

307
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Speaker 3: but that came later on. So all of his data

308
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Speaker 3: collecting and all of his observations later in life were

309
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Speaker 3: to help confirm this theory. Up until this point, he

310
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Speaker 3: appears to have led a charmed life, as has got

311
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Speaker 3: An Island as his observatory to two estates from his family.

312
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Speaker 3: I mean, he's well known, he's well respected. But then

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Speaker 3: in fifteen ninety six things start to go south a

314
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Speaker 3: little bit. Frederic the Second has died and his son,

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Speaker 3: Frederic's son, that is, Christian the assumed the throne of

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Speaker 3: Denmark and Norway, and he's not a spond of Tico.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and you mentioned earlier that you saw different accounts

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Speaker 2: of that. Maybe Christian just doesn't like Tico and wants

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Speaker 2: to completely shut down his operation. Maybe it was more

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Speaker 2: of a budgetary issue, you know, he just didn't have

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Speaker 2: room to fund this astronomer as much as his father had.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, and I mean Tico was not cheap. He was

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Speaker 3: living large out on the island of Then, throwing parties, drinking,

324
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Speaker 3: eating lots, and really not treating his tenants very well

325
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Speaker 3: at all. So because of this clash with Christian the Fourth,

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Speaker 3: he ends up moving to Prague with his wife, where

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Speaker 3: Emperor Rudolph the Second gave him refuge and he continues

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Speaker 3: his work there. But really at that point he had

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Speaker 3: collected the majority of the data that he was going

330
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Speaker 3: to collect over the course of his lifetime, so he

331
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Speaker 3: has all of that. He's still working with it. He's

332
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Speaker 3: still observing things, but at this point most of his

333
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Speaker 3: life's work is complete.

334
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Speaker 2: Time to analyze everything he's gone.

335
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Speaker 3: And what happened to the island and his large observatory. Well,

336
00:19:17,240 --> 00:19:21,040
Speaker 3: Christian the fourth reportedly had it torn down, so unfortunately

337
00:19:21,040 --> 00:19:23,760
Speaker 3: it doesn't exist today. We can't even visit this place.

338
00:19:23,840 --> 00:19:26,520
Speaker 2: You're anibor indoor plumbing and everything, you know.

339
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Speaker 3: So while he's in Prague, another significant thing happens. Tico

340
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Speaker 3: takes on an assistant named Johannes Kepler in sixteen hundred.

341
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Speaker 2: Yeah, and Kepler is a very different guy, and away

342
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Speaker 2: from Tico, he comes from a different background. He's not

343
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Speaker 2: a nobleman, but by the time they meet, he's got

344
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Speaker 2: a good reputation. He's a respected scientist, and he's also

345
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Speaker 2: a Copernican, so opposite opposite theories. They don't believe the

346
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Speaker 2: universe works the same way, so he thinks that the

347
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Speaker 2: planet's orbit. Then it seems like it would be really

348
00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:05,840
Speaker 2: hard to have a productive partnership with another astronomer if

349
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Speaker 2: you had such a fundamental difference. But it seems like

350
00:20:09,359 --> 00:20:10,719
Speaker 2: they could have worked well together.

351
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Speaker 1: They could have.

352
00:20:11,600 --> 00:20:15,679
Speaker 3: Worked well together. Kepler was a theory guy and Tiko

353
00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:17,919
Speaker 3: was the data guy, so if they had put their

354
00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:21,359
Speaker 3: heads together, who knows what could have happened. But it

355
00:20:21,440 --> 00:20:24,440
Speaker 3: turns out that they had kind of a tough working relationship.

356
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Speaker 3: But Keupler really wanted to work with Tico because he

357
00:20:27,960 --> 00:20:30,840
Speaker 3: had come up with sort of his own theory about

358
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Speaker 3: the orbits of the planets. He thought that they were spheres,

359
00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:37,600
Speaker 3: one inside of the other, and so he really wanted

360
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Speaker 3: to work with Tiko so that he could use his data.

361
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Speaker 3: But then, of course he comes to Tico, and Tiko's

362
00:20:41,440 --> 00:20:45,240
Speaker 3: totally stingy with all his observations in his data.

363
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Speaker 2: And completely at odds with his own beliefs. You don't

364
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Speaker 2: want your data to prove something that disproves what you've

365
00:20:51,080 --> 00:20:51,720
Speaker 2: been working on.

366
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Speaker 3: Sure, so, as we mentioned that the two butted heads,

367
00:20:55,400 --> 00:20:57,960
Speaker 3: they argued. Kepler even walked out and left at one point,

368
00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:02,360
Speaker 3: and then Ticokin of came back and relented and they

369
00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:06,000
Speaker 3: came back together. But then, of course Tico dies suddenly

370
00:21:06,040 --> 00:21:09,600
Speaker 3: in sixteen oh one, and Kepler after that point becomes

371
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Speaker 3: the Imperial Mathematician in Prague, which gives him access to

372
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Speaker 3: all of Tico's data. So what he wanted, I got it.

373
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Speaker 3: He's finally got what he needs.

374
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Speaker 2: Unfortunately, though, once he has all this data he's been

375
00:21:22,440 --> 00:21:25,720
Speaker 2: waiting for for so long, it doesn't confirm his theory

376
00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:27,119
Speaker 2: about the spherical orbit.

377
00:21:27,600 --> 00:21:30,000
Speaker 3: That's true. At least he knows this, and he did

378
00:21:30,080 --> 00:21:33,879
Speaker 3: confirm Copernicus's view of the Solar system and come up

379
00:21:33,920 --> 00:21:36,720
Speaker 3: with the important laws of planetary motion that he's still

380
00:21:36,760 --> 00:21:37,560
Speaker 3: known for today.

381
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Speaker 2: Yeah, so Kepler's work definitely benefits from having this data,

382
00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:46,280
Speaker 2: which of course comes from Tika's death.

383
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Speaker 1: So suspicious.

384
00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:51,280
Speaker 2: Yeah, and these findings about the mercury poisoning came out,

385
00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:54,719
Speaker 2: a lot of people started thinking, well, what did this

386
00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:56,800
Speaker 2: guy have to gain from it? And it makes him

387
00:21:56,800 --> 00:22:00,000
Speaker 2: a pretty likely suspect, but there's no proof.

388
00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:02,240
Speaker 3: There's no proof. A lot of people suggest that he

389
00:22:02,320 --> 00:22:05,359
Speaker 3: might be a suspect, but there's no real hard proof.

390
00:22:05,400 --> 00:22:06,640
Speaker 3: I don't think to support that.

391
00:22:07,800 --> 00:22:10,000
Speaker 2: Fortunately, we have some other suspect.

392
00:22:10,119 --> 00:22:14,760
Speaker 3: There are some other suspects lined up here. One suspect

393
00:22:15,040 --> 00:22:18,520
Speaker 3: is the Jesuit Order. They could have been to blame

394
00:22:18,560 --> 00:22:21,359
Speaker 3: because they didn't really like the influence that Tico had

395
00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:25,919
Speaker 3: as a Protestant over Prague's Emperor Rudolph the Second, So

396
00:22:26,080 --> 00:22:29,080
Speaker 3: that was what would have made them a suspect. Their

397
00:22:29,119 --> 00:22:31,600
Speaker 3: motive in it, I guess, And there are others that

398
00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:33,840
Speaker 3: think that Christian the fourth may have had something to

399
00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:36,119
Speaker 3: do with it, since he's not a fan, no, not

400
00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:38,200
Speaker 3: a big fan of Tiko at all, so he might

401
00:22:38,240 --> 00:22:40,000
Speaker 3: have had a score to settle there.

402
00:22:39,960 --> 00:22:44,280
Speaker 2: And there's been some sort of recent theorizing about that front,

403
00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:45,240
Speaker 2: at least, hasn't there.

404
00:22:46,000 --> 00:22:49,639
Speaker 3: Yes, there has a guy named Peter Anderson who is

405
00:22:49,680 --> 00:22:52,680
Speaker 3: a Strasburg German studies expert. He a couple of years

406
00:22:52,680 --> 00:22:55,919
Speaker 3: ago came up with a scenario that has Christian the

407
00:22:56,040 --> 00:22:59,120
Speaker 3: Fourth as a mastermind and a plot that also involves

408
00:22:59,240 --> 00:23:05,480
Speaker 3: Tiko's distance cousin, Eric Brahe, And it's assumed in this

409
00:23:05,760 --> 00:23:09,040
Speaker 3: scenario that Eric Brahe is the killer. And the reason

410
00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:11,520
Speaker 3: Anderson came up with this theory is that he found

411
00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:14,240
Speaker 3: he discovered Eric Brahe's six hundred page diary in the

412
00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:18,520
Speaker 3: Royal Library of Stockholm, and he says it contained some

413
00:23:18,560 --> 00:23:24,879
Speaker 3: pretty definitive evidences. It shows Eric Brahe going away on

414
00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:29,000
Speaker 3: this huge mission. Around this time, he's wrangling an invitation

415
00:23:29,160 --> 00:23:31,760
Speaker 3: to the banquet that Tico attended, the one where he

416
00:23:31,800 --> 00:23:35,360
Speaker 3: didn't use the bathroom. The entire time. And it also

417
00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:39,239
Speaker 3: shows that Eric visited Tico at his home after the

418
00:23:39,280 --> 00:23:43,840
Speaker 3: banquet and the day's following yep. And he also expresses

419
00:23:43,880 --> 00:23:46,320
Speaker 3: some remorse in his diary in his writings.

420
00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:50,520
Speaker 2: So there's one theory for you. But other people think,

421
00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:54,040
Speaker 2: and this is not maybe not quite as exciting and scandalous,

422
00:23:54,080 --> 00:23:59,400
Speaker 2: but some people think that Tico's death was accidental mercury poisoning.

423
00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:02,680
Speaker 2: That because he was also a bit of an alchemist,

424
00:24:03,280 --> 00:24:07,119
Speaker 2: he might have tried to cure himself by dosing himself

425
00:24:07,160 --> 00:24:10,960
Speaker 2: with too much mercury and accidentally dying from it.

426
00:24:12,320 --> 00:24:12,639
Speaker 1: Yep.

427
00:24:12,920 --> 00:24:16,960
Speaker 3: That's another possibility. And unfortunately, scientists say that we'll never

428
00:24:17,160 --> 00:24:21,160
Speaker 3: know the truth because even though they can find out,

429
00:24:21,400 --> 00:24:23,879
Speaker 3: they might find out if it's murder or if it

430
00:24:23,920 --> 00:24:26,720
Speaker 3: was accidental poisoning, but after four undred plus years, it's

431
00:24:26,760 --> 00:24:29,280
Speaker 3: unlikely that they'd be able to identify a specific killer.

432
00:24:29,440 --> 00:24:31,719
Speaker 3: So this may have to remain a mystery.

433
00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:34,040
Speaker 2: We do have one thing we can look forward to though.

434
00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:37,680
Speaker 3: Yes, they may solve the mystery of the fake nose,

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00:24:38,480 --> 00:24:42,240
Speaker 3: and that came about the first time they exhumed Tico

436
00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:46,560
Speaker 3: Brahe in nineteen oh one. They discovered that the metal

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00:24:46,600 --> 00:24:51,679
Speaker 3: plate that was his nose prosthesis. Yes, it was missing.

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00:24:51,720 --> 00:24:55,720
Speaker 3: It was not in his tomb, and when they sort

439
00:24:55,720 --> 00:24:58,399
Speaker 3: of tested the area, they found copper there rather than

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00:24:58,400 --> 00:25:02,280
Speaker 3: silver and gold, which everyone thought was So they're hoping

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00:25:02,320 --> 00:25:04,960
Speaker 3: to test now and see if they can figure out

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00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:07,040
Speaker 3: what the nose was actually made of. Was it silver

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00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:09,040
Speaker 3: and gold? Was it a silver and copper alloy.

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00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:11,080
Speaker 2: Maybe he had multiple news Maybe.

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00:25:10,880 --> 00:25:13,320
Speaker 3: He had multiple ones. That's also a theory. Maybe he

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00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:16,800
Speaker 3: had one for special occasions and one for just everyday use.

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Speaker 1: Thanks so much for joining us on this Saturday. If

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00:25:25,080 --> 00:25:27,240
Speaker 1: you'd like to send us a note, our email addresses

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00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:31,960
Speaker 1: History Podcast at iHeartRadio dot com, and you can subscribe

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00:25:32,040 --> 00:25:35,119
Speaker 1: to the show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or

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00:25:35,160 --> 00:25:37,200
Speaker 1: wherever you listen to your favorite shoes