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Speaker 1: Oh, Behind the Fasterds is the podcast you're listening to

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Speaker 1: right now. I'm Robert Evans, the host. We we talked

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Speaker 1: about bad People tell you all about him, and today

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Speaker 1: my guest Matt leeb who is a comedian and also

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Speaker 1: mind Leebling. Yes, yeah, yeah, that's that's that's cute. Your

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Speaker 1: name is Matt Lee Mine Leebling kind of yeah. Leeb

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Speaker 1: Is is German for love, you know. So it's like,

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Speaker 1: you know, some people call me Maddie loved love yeah,

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Speaker 1: big Papa l Like these are all like I would

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Speaker 1: like people to know one's actually done it yet. But

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Speaker 1: if you want to call me Maddie Love, big Papa

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Speaker 1: l um, you know, the love Maddie, whatever you want,

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Speaker 1: just you know, fucking call me nice names. Uh yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's what this podcast is. This is the show where

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Speaker 1: I say nice things about a random guest. Yeah. If

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Speaker 1: you want the show where I say cruel things about

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Speaker 1: a random guest, just just stick around for another half

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Speaker 1: hour and I'm gonna make Gilbert Godfried cry. Um. You

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Speaker 1: know I love Gilbert. Anyone who has the courage to

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Speaker 1: get up on stage the day after nine eleven until

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Speaker 1: James about nine eleven is a hero. He wasn't the

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Speaker 1: true hero of nine eleven. Gilbert Godfried Firefighters and Gilbert

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Speaker 1: Godfrey freed again, Matt before we get into it, because

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Speaker 1: the topic today is just gonna blow people away. You

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Speaker 1: want to you want to plug anything right now? Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: well I do a the only Sopranos podcast. It's a

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Speaker 1: rewatch podcast of the Sopranos called Pod Yourself a Gun. Um,

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Speaker 1: so yeah you should. You should check that out if

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Speaker 1: you like the Sopranos. Even if you don't like the Sopranos,

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Speaker 1: you know, it's just it's just a good time. And

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Speaker 1: the Pod Yourself a Gun is legally the only Sopranos podcast.

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Speaker 1: If you hear another one called the a t F.

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Speaker 1: They regulate that and they'll go shoot those people's dogs. Yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: that's a that's what does I know. I don't like

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Speaker 1: that vibe. I know it's not cool that that's their job,

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Speaker 1: but it is. It is their job. Yeah, yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: there's some people think there's this other sopros podcast, but

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Speaker 1: that's a that's like a deep fake. So don't funk

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Speaker 1: with that. That's the deep state trying to trick you exactly.

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Speaker 1: That's a PSI op to get you to uh to like,

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Speaker 1: you know, the wire instead. But yeah, it's really just

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Speaker 1: a stealth the Wire podcast exactly, and that show this

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Speaker 1: is about the shit. Yeah hell yeah. Also I do

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Speaker 1: a movie podcast called the Film Drunk Podcast. Both of

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Speaker 1: those are with Vince Mancini, who is my co host

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Speaker 1: and pod life partners. Now is he at all related

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Speaker 1: to Boom Boom Mancini? He I doubt it, um, but

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Speaker 1: it's it's possible. So about Boom Boom Mancini killed the

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Speaker 1: guy all. Vince Mancini is also the name of Sonny

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Speaker 1: cor Leoni's bastard son in Godfather Part three, So that's

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Speaker 1: very fun. A lot of mafia tians with this, Uh

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Speaker 1: speaking of mafia's you know what else is an unaccountable

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Speaker 1: group of dangerous criminals matt um the police. Well, yes,

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Speaker 1: this is a long time coming back, but but but

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Speaker 1: this is even worse than the police met today. We're

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Speaker 1: talking about the archbastard of them all, the f d A.

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Speaker 1: Oh ship, Yeah, that's right, motherfucker, the Food and Drug Administration.

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Speaker 1: That's right, that's who we're We got two parts on

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Speaker 1: the f d A this week. You know, that's literally

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Speaker 1: this is I did not know I was coming in

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Speaker 1: here expecting. Listen, We've talked about Nazis, we talked about Nazis,

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Speaker 1: We've talked about dr Oz, We've talked about people who uh,

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Speaker 1: you know, created the boy Scouts and touched all amateurs,

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Speaker 1: all amateurs right heart hydra and got ship on the

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Speaker 1: food and drug Okay, I might be going a little far.

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Speaker 1: I'm excited. Yeah, we we we. We make a lot

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Speaker 1: of fun of the f d A. And I've always

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Speaker 1: found like goating them into violence funny because they're kind

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Speaker 1: of like the most milk toast three letter agency the

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Speaker 1: government has. Right The FBI is like terrifying, the a

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Speaker 1: t F is this big drunken, bloodthirsty frat boy. The

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Speaker 1: CIA kills entire governments, And meanwhile, the FDA can't even

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Speaker 1: like ban people from drinking bleach in a timely manner,

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Speaker 1: Like it takes years to be like we probably shouldn't

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Speaker 1: let people give their kids bleach water. They just do.

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Speaker 1: Press conferences were like stop, yeah, gys, this is bad

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Speaker 1: for you. Just schoolmarm. But the reality is that that

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Speaker 1: kind of like amiable toothlessness is a front that hides

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Speaker 1: an agency as corrupt and deadly as any part of

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Speaker 1: the U. S. Government in fact, probably has greater society

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Speaker 1: a harm in a lot of ways than most. Our

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Speaker 1: friends at the FDA may have a have a body

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Speaker 1: count that might might shock you. But before we get

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Speaker 1: into that, we should spend some time talking about the

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Speaker 1: world before the FDA, because this is not just as

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Speaker 1: simple as story as like government agency does bad things.

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Speaker 1: It's actually like it's like an Anakin Skywalker story of

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Speaker 1: this great hero who rises up and then crumbles. The

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Speaker 1: f d A is the Anakin Skywalker of three letter

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Speaker 1: Agencies ship. So we're today we're gonna like lead up

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Speaker 1: to them becoming a Jedi, and the next episode they

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Speaker 1: wind up falling in the lava planet oh ship A

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Speaker 1: man that's great and and well, well we'll try to

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Speaker 1: figure out throughout this who the Obi wan Kenobi of

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Speaker 1: the f d A s, because that's actually I think

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Speaker 1: I may have but well, I'm getting ahead of myself. Family. Well, yeah,

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Speaker 1: once upon a time, people foraged, trapped, and hunted for food,

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Speaker 1: generally in that order of like amount of calories gained. Right, Uh,

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Speaker 1: we developed methods of preservation over time. Um, you know,

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Speaker 1: stuff like you'd salt your meat, and you could make

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Speaker 1: like a jerky. You could even like even if you're

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Speaker 1: a hunter gather, you could do that in a cave

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Speaker 1: or something. Um, you would smoke certain things, you know.

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Speaker 1: And as as as time went on, more foods we

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Speaker 1: got better at preserving stuff, and we also got better

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Speaker 1: at like trading, and so more foods began to travel

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Speaker 1: greater and greater distances. But the extent to which most

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Speaker 1: foods could actually go geographically was very limited, right. You

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Speaker 1: couldn't You couldn't take mangoes from one place to a

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Speaker 1: place like a thousand miles away, you know, eight hundred

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Speaker 1: nine hundred years ago. Very well, you could take like

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Speaker 1: the seeds, maybe you could grow them, but like mangoes

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Speaker 1: don't last all that long fast. So a lot of

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Speaker 1: stuff like that's why some of this stuff became like

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Speaker 1: surprized because if you could manage to get it to

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Speaker 1: like the emperor or something, it was a gift that

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Speaker 1: was really valuable. Because you couldn't get stuff to travel

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Speaker 1: nearly as far as you can today, which meant that

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Speaker 1: like back for most of human civilization, people ate pretty

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Speaker 1: locally by default. Right, there was trade and like spices

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Speaker 1: and stuff that keeps well. But like most food was

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Speaker 1: grown or whatever, hunted, trapped whatever, pretty close to where

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Speaker 1: you lived. Now. When the Napoleonic Wars kicked off in

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Speaker 1: the early eighteen hundreds, our boy Nappy offered a bounty

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Speaker 1: to any inventor who could figure out a cheap, quick

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Speaker 1: and effective way to preserve food and quantity, right, because

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Speaker 1: you still have this problem in the eighteen hundreds of

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Speaker 1: like we can kind of salt meat, we can bake

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Speaker 1: these like shitty really hard biscuits, hard tack and stuff

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Speaker 1: that like will keep for a while, but like most

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Speaker 1: stuff doesn't keep well, and like scurvy's a problem. Vitamin

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Speaker 1: deficiencies are a problem because if you're like on the march,

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Speaker 1: or if you're usually not on the march, but like

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Speaker 1: you're posted up and fortified in like the winter, it's like, well,

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Speaker 1: how do you get everyone? Maybe you don't have a

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Speaker 1: lot of food available in the winter, so either you're

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Speaker 1: gonna be like foraging from the local area or stealing

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Speaker 1: from people, or you have a lot of famines cause

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Speaker 1: because an army will camp out suddenly and they'll take

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Speaker 1: all the food in the surrounding area. Um So Napoleon's like,

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Speaker 1: I have a lot of war I want to do,

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Speaker 1: and I don't want to be limited by the fact

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Speaker 1: that we're shipped at preserving food. So somebody figure out

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Speaker 1: a way to do this. Napoleon does this with a

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Speaker 1: bunch of stuff. He's a very like forward thinking he's

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Speaker 1: real pretty smart dude. Um and this this bears fruit

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Speaker 1: very quickly. In eighteen o nine, a French brewer named

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Speaker 1: Nicholas Appert realized that food cooked inside a glass jar

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Speaker 1: and sealed didn't spoil. If you put whatever kind of

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Speaker 1: food or something in a glass jarry stick and some

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Speaker 1: salt or some spices, you cook it at for a while,

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Speaker 1: it'll stay good for I mean really for years in

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Speaker 1: some cases, and on think they were that good at them.

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Speaker 1: But it'll stay good at hell of a lot longer

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Speaker 1: to invented pickles. Not quite. But this is the guy

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Speaker 1: who started the process of inventing canning. Um. And the

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Speaker 1: French state was unable to master the art of canning

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Speaker 1: and quantity right. They figure out that this works, but

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Speaker 1: it's like figuring out how to make the seals right

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Speaker 1: and how to get like it's a process. We're not

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Speaker 1: as good at glass then as we are now, so

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Speaker 1: like having glass that can stand because you have to,

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Speaker 1: like I do a lot of canning now. A good

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Speaker 1: friend of mine taught me how. And it's you have

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Speaker 1: to like basically boils a can with food in it

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Speaker 1: for like minutes, you know. So like the glass, it

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Speaker 1: takes a while to make glass that can reliably stand

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Speaker 1: up to that even the day some of it's gonna break. Um,

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Speaker 1: So it's a Processingly, I totally relate to that every

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Speaker 1: time I try to can Yeah, you know, I just can't.

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Speaker 1: I'm as as a fellow canner. I uh, you know,

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Speaker 1: it's just I get it, dude. Hard, It's hard. It's hard.

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Speaker 1: It's hard to do if you're like trying to make

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Speaker 1: an army's worth of food and preserve it. So they

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Speaker 1: figure out that this works, um, but it doesn't really

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Speaker 1: get the French government doesn't get good at it in

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Speaker 1: time for Napoleon to to stop to to like not

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Speaker 1: lose his wars, right, um, and it would have helped

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Speaker 1: like the whole Russian campaign, having like good canned and

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Speaker 1: tin food might have really helped out. You know, I

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Speaker 1: really would have liked that could have been it could

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Speaker 1: have been a game changer. It could have been a

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Speaker 1: game changer, man. But you know, but obviously, like now

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Speaker 1: that the basic idea is understood, the process gets more

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Speaker 1: and more developed over kind of the early to mid

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Speaker 1: eight hundreds, and it spreads all throughout Europe. As soon

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Speaker 1: as other nations realized this as possible, a lot of

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Speaker 1: resources get developed into like canning and then hinting food.

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Speaker 1: The Portuguese are like the best at tending effectively. If

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Speaker 1: you'll wind up in like Lisbon, ever, which is a

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Speaker 1: beautiful city, Um, the airport has like these stores that

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Speaker 1: are just hundreds of different kinds of weird canned foods,

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Speaker 1: like stuff you've never seen canned. Because that's like Portugal's

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Speaker 1: motherfucking thing is canning, particularly like seafood, out of just

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Speaker 1: we're canning different fucking weird. This is just yeah, we

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Speaker 1: just put some dirt in a can. Nobody can stop

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Speaker 1: us anything in a candy yeah. And these are this this,

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Speaker 1: these developments and canning and tending are a huge part

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Speaker 1: of why the last huge because the biggest wave of

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Speaker 1: European colonization is the eighteen hundreds, right, that's like the

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Speaker 1: when stuff really starts to go huge. Um, outside of

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Speaker 1: like you know, North and in Central America and um,

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Speaker 1: like the scramble for Africa and stuff, and a lot

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Speaker 1: of like the colonialism and in in Asia starts happening

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Speaker 1: in this period. UM. And canned in tin food is

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Speaker 1: a big part of what makes that possible. It's a

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Speaker 1: big part of like why these guys we've talked about

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Speaker 1: on the show, these explorers in Africa and whatnot, for

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Speaker 1: like Leopold are able to do what they're able to

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Speaker 1: do because they're able to take, you know, a lot

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Speaker 1: of what they need with them and keep it in

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Speaker 1: the jungle heat. So cans aided like global colonialism. Oh absolutely, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's hugely important. UM, being able to like reliably have

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Speaker 1: the nutrition you need and take it for a significant

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Speaker 1: period of time. That's a that's very important. I never

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Speaker 1: even considered that. Yeah. Yeah, So Nicholas Appert had stumbled

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Speaker 1: upon canning, but he didn't really know at the time

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Speaker 1: what he was doing. And today we call the process

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Speaker 1: that he kind of helped to discover pasteurization. UM. And

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Speaker 1: this is again heating a liquid to one forty degrees

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Speaker 1: for about twenty minutes pasteur and the guide that the

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Speaker 1: pasteurization comes from actually like figured out what pasteurization was

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Speaker 1: and like, scientifically what was going on, And he did

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Speaker 1: this in the eighteen fifties. Well, he was actually trying

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Speaker 1: to preserve wine. Uh So, eighteen fifties past year discovers

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Speaker 1: pasteurization um, which people already kind of knew about. But

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Speaker 1: he's like the guy who figures out scientifically what's going

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Speaker 1: on and slapped his fucking name on it. That's right,

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Speaker 1: but he's just trying to preserve wine. It takes another

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Speaker 1: twenty years before a German chemist figures out that the

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Speaker 1: same process could work on milk, which at the time

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Speaker 1: was filled with salmonella and tuberculosis. We will talk a

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Speaker 1: lot about how fucked up milk was in the that's

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Speaker 1: like half of this episode. Milk was a fucking nightmare

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Speaker 1: back in the day. Like I don't give a ship, Like,

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Speaker 1: however much you like Lovecraft cosmic horror, nothing is scarier

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Speaker 1: than milk. In the eighteen seventies, it was like, that's

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Speaker 1: a great question, Matt, because it sounds like a nightmare.

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Speaker 1: Everything was just so gross back then. Yeah, yeah, they're like, listen,

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Speaker 1: one out of four of these main courses is going

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Speaker 1: to kill you. Anyways, might as well, add some milk

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Speaker 1: to it. Yeah, So the Germans figure out that you

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Speaker 1: can pasteurized milk, and like the eighteen seventies, and obviously

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Speaker 1: milks not the only thing you can past yourized, but

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Speaker 1: that that's when that gets figured out. But pasteurized milk

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Speaker 1: doesn't really hit the US in quantity until the thirties,

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Speaker 1: So there's like a sixty year period where we can

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Speaker 1: but we aren't. And this is the story of why.

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Speaker 1: So in eight nine, Harvard microbiologist Theobald Smith discovered salmonella,

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Speaker 1: which obviously had existed for a long time and been

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Speaker 1: killing people for a long time. But he figures out

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Speaker 1: like why people are dying from milk? Um, and he

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Speaker 1: suggests like, hey, we should pasteurize this stuff. The Germans

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Speaker 1: have figured it out. It's very easy. You just have

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Speaker 1: to heat this ship up for a while. Um. And

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Speaker 1: there's this immediate panic by the American Pediatric Society who

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Speaker 1: as soon as this guy is like, we should be

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Speaker 1: pasteurizing our milk, they're like, pasture heated milk will give

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Speaker 1: baby scurvy, it robs it of nutrients. Don't do it.

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Speaker 1: Was there like a reason like why would they give

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Speaker 1: a ship or are they just in the pocket of

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Speaker 1: big raw milk. You hear it a bunch like that,

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Speaker 1: Like cooking vegetables, steaming vegetables. You lose some I'm sure

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Speaker 1: you do lose some nutrients. I don't think it's enough

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Speaker 1: to have any meaningful impact on diet. And I think

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Speaker 1: it's that kind of we're like, yeah, it's fine, Like

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Speaker 1: maybe there's a little less nutrition, but there's also no salmonella.

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Speaker 1: That's probably a bigger problem for the baby. That's the

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Speaker 1: best trade off. Babies are notoriously vulnerable to dying. Um,

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Speaker 1: that's what everybody says about. They're so easy to kill.

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Speaker 1: Oh my god, don't you every time? I like, easy, dude, easy,

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Speaker 1: If I wanted to, I could kill like many babies

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Speaker 1: in a row. Absolutely, I'm not, but I could do it.

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Speaker 1: But it's good to know. It's good to know, you know.

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Speaker 1: Sometimes I just like walk past the park and go

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Speaker 1: like I could take you all if I needed, if

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Speaker 1: I needed to, you know, if I needed to, if

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Speaker 1: the chips were down anyway. So there's this immediate like

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Speaker 1: backlash against pasteurization, which is mainly due to like the expense,

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Speaker 1: it's going to cost money to do this they're gonna

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Speaker 1: have to retool the milk producers. You'd have to retool

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Speaker 1: your whole production line to allow for pasteurization. Um. Now,

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Speaker 1: obviously pasteurization would also allow milk to last a lot longer.

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Speaker 1: You can keep it good for a shipload longer if

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Speaker 1: you pasteurize it. So a logical person might say like, hey, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're gonna spend more money retooling your production lines, but

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Speaker 1: you'll get to keep your milk for longer and it'll

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Speaker 1: all work out in the end. Um. But the milk

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Speaker 1: companies are just like, no, it's gonna cost us money, Like,

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Speaker 1: fuck that ship. We don't want to stop having our

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Speaker 1: cow juice dumped into a bottle that a guy then

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Speaker 1: sneezes a mouthful of chewing tobacco into before half acidly

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Speaker 1: ceiling and leaving a the hots son. So they resisted pasteurization,

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Speaker 1: but they were really open to better at ways to

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Speaker 1: preserve milk. They just wanted it to be cheaper than

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Speaker 1: pasteurization was going to be. In eighteen nine six, Dr

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Speaker 1: John Herdie, a former professor from Purdue, formally endorsed the

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Speaker 1: use of use of formaldehyde as a good food preservative.

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Speaker 1: Now that sounds like we're gonna say something like quack

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Speaker 1: doctor ship. It's actually not that fucked up. A whole

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Speaker 1: lot of foods you eat every day contained formaldehyde. There's

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Speaker 1: formaldehyde and pairs and apples and like all crustacean uh

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Speaker 1: that all crustaceans that we eat in mushrooms, they've all

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Speaker 1: got some amount of formal behyde in them. It's it's fine.

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Speaker 1: It exists in because it preserves things like generally, when

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Speaker 1: you're looking at like fruits that last longer on the shelf,

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Speaker 1: it's because there's some formaldehyde in them. We're not shooting

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Speaker 1: them into that. It's just like a thing that occurs

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Speaker 1: in nature. Um. So Dr Herdie realizes this and he's like, well, clearly,

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Speaker 1: even though like this stuff can be toxic, and quantity

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Speaker 1: tiny amounts of it can be fine. And so he

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Speaker 1: proposed using a very small amount two drops of formal

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Speaker 1: lyne and formal line is like formaldehyde six water. So

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Speaker 1: just two drops of very deluded formaldehyde per pint of milk.

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Speaker 1: So that's his suggestion. If we do, if we put

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Speaker 1: in a tiny amount, it will make the milk keep

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Speaker 1: a lot longer and it won't be toxic. Um, they'll

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Speaker 1: still have well, will it still have salmonella though? I mean,

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Speaker 1: uh yeah, I mean potentially yes, that does. It does

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Speaker 1: not clear the salmonella part. Now, that said like, the

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Speaker 1: longer you leave it out, the more risk of a

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Speaker 1: lot of bad things happen. So it does make it

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Speaker 1: a lot safer. Um. But so he's like, hey, a

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Speaker 1: tiny amount of formaldehyde can help your milk last longer

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Speaker 1: on the shelf. The milk producers big businesses. All they

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Speaker 1: hear is, oh, there's a way to make our product

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Speaker 1: lasts longer. Uh, and we should just pour as much

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Speaker 1: of the ship in there as we possibly can. Right.

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Speaker 1: And to talk about how this went, I'm going to

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Speaker 1: quote Deborah Bloom, who was like the fucking expert on

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Speaker 1: specifically this ship, writing for Smithsonian magazine. Quote, So, dairymen

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Speaker 1: began increasing the dosa fermaldehyde, seeking to keep their product

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Speaker 1: fresh for as long as possible. Chemical companies came up

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Speaker 1: with new formaldehyde mixtures with an ocuous names such as

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Speaker 1: ice lean or preserve a Lean for milk died. The

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Speaker 1: latter was said to keep a pint of milk fresh

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Speaker 1: for up to ten days, and as the dairy industry

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Speaker 1: increased the amount of preservatives, the milk became more and

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Speaker 1: more toxic. Heard. He was alarmed enough that by eight

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Speaker 1: he was urging that formaldehyde used to be stopped, citing

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Speaker 1: increasing knowledge that the compound could be dangerous even in

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Speaker 1: small doses, especially to children, but the industry did not

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Speaker 1: heed the warning. In the summer of nineteen hundred, the

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Speaker 1: Indianapolis News reported the deaths of three infants in the

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Speaker 1: city's orphanage due to formaldehyde poisoning. A further investigation indicated

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Speaker 1: that at least thirty children had died two years prior

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Speaker 1: due to the use of the preservative, and in nineteen

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Speaker 1: o one, Hurdy himself referenced the death of deaths of

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Speaker 1: more than four hundred children due to a combination of

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Speaker 1: formaldehyde dirt in bacteria in the milk. Another analysis calculated

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Speaker 1: that there was so much raw ship in milk that

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Speaker 1: the citizens of Indianapolis consumed and estimated two thousand pounds

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Speaker 1: of poop per year. What the so it's not just

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Speaker 1: the formaldehyde, but they go hog wild, They're just dumping

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Speaker 1: it in there. Um, it's very funny. Two thousand pounds

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Speaker 1: of ship per year by the city of Indianapolis. I mean,

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Speaker 1: just like straight there's they're just they're the dudo is

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Speaker 1: in the milk. The ship in the milk. Now too,

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Speaker 1: Oh there's always been ship in the milk, buddy, man. Well,

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Speaker 1: I don't know if you've ever had like livestock, but

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Speaker 1: they're not they get ship gets everywhere they poop and

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Speaker 1: they're not. They don't like it's like you've seen that

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00:18:57,600 --> 00:19:01,160
Speaker 1: pig poop balls image, like, oh yeah, my favorite animals

364
00:19:01,200 --> 00:19:03,600
Speaker 1: that get poop on them and they don't really care

365
00:19:03,640 --> 00:19:06,359
Speaker 1: about it that much. And sometimes that means poop's going

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Speaker 1: to get in the milk, especially if you're keeping them

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Speaker 1: in like a really dirty, horrific feed lot where like

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00:19:11,080 --> 00:19:14,840
Speaker 1: the ship piles up to their ankles. Um. And we'll

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Speaker 1: talk about the conditions these cows are kept in because

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Speaker 1: oh boy, Matt, are you going to enjoy that organic?

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00:19:21,960 --> 00:19:25,240
Speaker 1: Do do? Bath? Let's hear about it, dude, I'm excited now.

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Speaker 1: So this guy Hurti, who had been like, yeah, a

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00:19:27,800 --> 00:19:29,399
Speaker 1: little bit of for amalde hyde might help and then

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00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:33,080
Speaker 1: was like immediately horrified by what the food industry was doing. Um.

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Speaker 1: He becomes an advocate for reform within the legal system

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Speaker 1: to stop this stuff, and as a result of his lobbying,

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Speaker 1: Indiana passes a pure food law in eight which should

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Speaker 1: have made the adulteration that, as we already said, went

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Speaker 1: on well passed eighteen nine very illegal. But this keeps

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Speaker 1: going on because the law was kind of it was

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Speaker 1: more of an aspirational law than a real law, because

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00:19:54,040 --> 00:19:56,520
Speaker 1: they were like, this isn't allowed. But they were also like,

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Speaker 1: we're going to spend zero dollars to stop this, Like

384
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Speaker 1: we we're not gonna you will not enforce this, like

385
00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:07,560
Speaker 1: we don't have the resources to stop the formaldehyde milk

386
00:20:07,640 --> 00:20:09,440
Speaker 1: from spreading, but we just want to let you know

387
00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:13,280
Speaker 1: not cold. It is kind of my ideal situation for drugs,

388
00:20:13,320 --> 00:20:16,440
Speaker 1: where we keep them illegal, but we also make it

389
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Speaker 1: like fire all of the police in in d e

390
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Speaker 1: A Agents so that nobody can prosecute you for it,

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Speaker 1: and then you can still feel cool when you do drugs. Right, Yeah,

392
00:20:24,840 --> 00:20:29,119
Speaker 1: that's that's the ideal. That's the sea. Yeah. You convince

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Speaker 1: children not to do heroin until you turn a certain age,

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00:20:31,840 --> 00:20:38,600
Speaker 1: and you know, and exactly, yeah, that's the age of yeah,

395
00:20:38,640 --> 00:20:41,280
Speaker 1: a certain amount, right, yeah, you know, yeah, a little bit,

396
00:20:41,359 --> 00:20:43,160
Speaker 1: a little bit goes a long way. It's like that,

397
00:20:42,960 --> 00:20:45,760
Speaker 1: and that's why they used to give babies medicinal children's

398
00:20:45,800 --> 00:20:52,080
Speaker 1: medicinal heroin, good times. That's why our grandparents were all healthy. Yeah,

399
00:20:52,080 --> 00:20:55,960
Speaker 1: so chill about everything. That's why they spent their whole

400
00:20:56,000 --> 00:21:02,800
Speaker 1: lives withdrawing love our grandparents. Yeah so uh. The year

401
00:21:02,840 --> 00:21:06,720
Speaker 1: after that log gets passed in in Indiana, Herdi's lab

402
00:21:06,760 --> 00:21:09,119
Speaker 1: analyzes a pint bottle of milk that was handed to

403
00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:11,600
Speaker 1: them by a family, and the family like buys some

404
00:21:11,640 --> 00:21:14,040
Speaker 1: milk for their baby, and they noticed that as they

405
00:21:14,040 --> 00:21:17,679
Speaker 1: describe it, the milk appears to be wriggling. Oh fuck

406
00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:22,760
Speaker 1: you like this one, man, So I don't even have

407
00:21:22,840 --> 00:21:26,000
Speaker 1: to do like a chemical analysis. I'm like a big

408
00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:28,879
Speaker 1: milk drinker, so this is gonna fuck me up. Like

409
00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:31,880
Speaker 1: I just I enjoy a glass of milk and a banana.

410
00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:34,919
Speaker 1: It's my one of my favorite little snacks. It turns

411
00:21:34,920 --> 00:21:38,000
Speaker 1: out that what happened was that the dairyman had cut

412
00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:40,760
Speaker 1: his milk because he wanted to make it go longer

413
00:21:40,920 --> 00:21:44,119
Speaker 1: like heroin, and he cuts it with stagnant water, and

414
00:21:44,160 --> 00:21:46,640
Speaker 1: there there was a worm colony in the stagnant water,

415
00:21:46,760 --> 00:21:49,720
Speaker 1: and so many larva breed in the milk that it's

416
00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:53,639
Speaker 1: just like a kind of soggy, massive, writhing larga larva

417
00:21:54,400 --> 00:22:00,320
Speaker 1: they find for their baby. It's got extra protein called

418
00:22:00,400 --> 00:22:04,760
Speaker 1: moving milk. Milk. Oh you got some of that still

419
00:22:04,880 --> 00:22:08,960
Speaker 1: milk up, still milk. I happen to love my child.

420
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Speaker 1: I want them to get the extra nutrients real babies have.

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Speaker 1: It's like we call it a milkshake. This is the

422
00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:21,000
Speaker 1: origin of the milkshake. Some poor motherfucker was eating cereal

423
00:22:21,040 --> 00:22:30,840
Speaker 1: when this episode started. Oh so Indiana. Obviously we've been

424
00:22:30,880 --> 00:22:33,200
Speaker 1: focusing on because Dr Herdi was there and he gave

425
00:22:33,240 --> 00:22:35,720
Speaker 1: a shit about this. This is happening every state in

426
00:22:35,760 --> 00:22:38,280
Speaker 1: the Union, right, This is everywhere everywhere that there's a city.

427
00:22:38,280 --> 00:22:41,000
Speaker 1: At least. I think people who live in rural areas

428
00:22:41,040 --> 00:22:44,320
Speaker 1: probably have access to healthier milk because they're getting it

429
00:22:44,359 --> 00:22:47,600
Speaker 1: directly from the cow. They're probably better conditions for the cow.

430
00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:51,400
Speaker 1: Um they're not, you know, buying it from somebody who's

431
00:22:51,400 --> 00:22:54,960
Speaker 1: gonna mix in pond water filled with the ship it's

432
00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:59,080
Speaker 1: the city milk that's just and thus the milk that

433
00:22:59,119 --> 00:23:02,760
Speaker 1: the most people are drinking is fucking poison milk. Now,

434
00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:06,080
Speaker 1: in the eighties, one group of researchers had analyzed, like

435
00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:07,680
Speaker 1: this is happening all over the U. S. And in

436
00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:11,080
Speaker 1: New Jersey there's a case from the eighteen eighties where

437
00:23:11,080 --> 00:23:14,680
Speaker 1: these researchers analyzed random samples of milk um and they

438
00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:18,080
Speaker 1: just they found what they described as liquefying colonies of

439
00:23:18,119 --> 00:23:21,560
Speaker 1: bacteria and numbers so great that they gave up counting.

440
00:23:22,320 --> 00:23:24,199
Speaker 1: Like it's just like this isn't even where that like

441
00:23:24,280 --> 00:23:28,359
Speaker 1: a lot. This isn't this is just just bacteria. This

442
00:23:28,520 --> 00:23:31,320
Speaker 1: is pure bacteria. Yeah, they have eaten all the milk.

443
00:23:32,200 --> 00:23:36,920
Speaker 1: There's none left for the babies. Yeah. And in all

444
00:23:36,960 --> 00:23:39,879
Speaker 1: of these cases, this again happening everywhere. And the reason

445
00:23:40,080 --> 00:23:43,200
Speaker 1: everywhere is that there's there's no such thing as health standards. Really.

446
00:23:43,240 --> 00:23:45,120
Speaker 1: A couple of states, like in the and have tried

447
00:23:45,119 --> 00:23:47,720
Speaker 1: to pass laws, there's usually no enforcement and in most

448
00:23:47,760 --> 00:23:51,720
Speaker 1: places there's just no laws about what you can do um.

449
00:23:51,800 --> 00:23:54,880
Speaker 1: And Yeah, a lot of like where the adulter ins

450
00:23:54,880 --> 00:23:57,240
Speaker 1: and like the poisonous stuff gets in is when the

451
00:23:57,320 --> 00:24:01,920
Speaker 1: milk dealers cut their ship with very chemicals. Now, uh,

452
00:24:02,320 --> 00:24:03,840
Speaker 1: and it's kind of like you know drug dealers today,

453
00:24:03,840 --> 00:24:06,000
Speaker 1: I'll cut like cocaine with a little bit of baby

454
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:10,480
Speaker 1: powder or yeah, and the Finnel answer for milk usually well,

455
00:24:10,520 --> 00:24:13,520
Speaker 1: the baby I'll say the baby powder. Like the least

456
00:24:13,520 --> 00:24:16,280
Speaker 1: harmful way generally to cut it was that they would

457
00:24:16,280 --> 00:24:19,560
Speaker 1: add water. Um, and the standard ratio was one pint

458
00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:22,160
Speaker 1: of water for every quart of milk. Now, they also

459
00:24:22,280 --> 00:24:24,359
Speaker 1: skimmed the cream off the top of the milk, right,

460
00:24:24,359 --> 00:24:26,240
Speaker 1: because they're trying to make as much money as possible,

461
00:24:26,240 --> 00:24:28,159
Speaker 1: so they don't want you getting extra cream. They're going

462
00:24:28,200 --> 00:24:29,920
Speaker 1: to use that to like make something else and sell

463
00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:32,040
Speaker 1: it to you. But when you skim the cream off

464
00:24:32,040 --> 00:24:34,240
Speaker 1: your milk and then water it down by like half,

465
00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:37,119
Speaker 1: there what it looks. It's it doesn't look like milk.

466
00:24:37,160 --> 00:24:40,320
Speaker 1: It's this kind of like pale blue, weird looking beverage

467
00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:44,560
Speaker 1: because it's not really milk anymore. Um, So dairy milk continue,

468
00:24:44,640 --> 00:24:47,880
Speaker 1: they call it skim milk. Yeah, yes, yeah, I mean

469
00:24:47,880 --> 00:24:52,240
Speaker 1: that's that. Yeah, that is like that. That is literally

470
00:24:52,240 --> 00:24:53,800
Speaker 1: why they call it skim milk. And I guess you

471
00:24:53,800 --> 00:24:55,800
Speaker 1: could call this the origin of skim milk, but they're

472
00:24:55,800 --> 00:24:58,199
Speaker 1: not saying it is. They're hiding it. So they have

473
00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:00,440
Speaker 1: to in order to hide it, they have to alterate

474
00:25:00,480 --> 00:25:02,879
Speaker 1: it so it looks right. So for the color, because

475
00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:04,879
Speaker 1: it's this kind of pale blue color, they pour in

476
00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:11,360
Speaker 1: plaster of Paris and chalk um. So that's good. Let's

477
00:25:11,480 --> 00:25:14,520
Speaker 1: listen on this podcast. I was expecting they poured in

478
00:25:14,640 --> 00:25:18,040
Speaker 1: pure com Oh wait, it gets worse because that just

479
00:25:18,119 --> 00:25:21,879
Speaker 1: fixes the color, Matt. They haven't. They've skimmed the cream off, right.

480
00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:23,960
Speaker 1: You don't want people to know you've skimmed the cree off.

481
00:25:24,040 --> 00:25:26,119
Speaker 1: So you have to fake a layer of cream on top.

482
00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:30,119
Speaker 1: And what's what looks most like cream? No, calm, straight

483
00:25:30,160 --> 00:25:35,119
Speaker 1: colmb No, no liquefied cow brains. Oh bro, there's other

484
00:25:35,280 --> 00:25:39,840
Speaker 1: things that look like cream. There's other things pouring cow

485
00:25:39,920 --> 00:25:44,480
Speaker 1: brains on that ship. It is extremely funny. That is

486
00:25:44,520 --> 00:25:48,200
Speaker 1: no longer coach your milk. Of course, sometimes they'll they'll

487
00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:49,680
Speaker 1: put because it gives it has a little bit of

488
00:25:49,720 --> 00:25:51,400
Speaker 1: a yellow color. They'll put a little bit of lead

489
00:25:51,400 --> 00:25:53,199
Speaker 1: in there too, just to make it look quite you know,

490
00:25:53,320 --> 00:25:56,359
Speaker 1: right deepen. Yeah, of course you can put a little

491
00:25:56,359 --> 00:26:00,040
Speaker 1: bit of lead in there makes a sweeter too, a

492
00:26:00,040 --> 00:26:02,480
Speaker 1: little bit of anti freeze. You know, they put lead in.

493
00:26:02,760 --> 00:26:04,959
Speaker 1: That doesn't even count as bad because let they put

494
00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:08,399
Speaker 1: they're putting lead in everything was just part of it. It

495
00:26:08,320 --> 00:26:10,840
Speaker 1: It was like you have your salt shaker and with

496
00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:18,400
Speaker 1: vitamin le and then vitamin le lead shaker. So milk

497
00:26:18,560 --> 00:26:21,480
Speaker 1: was not alone or exceptional in its tendency to be

498
00:26:21,520 --> 00:26:23,760
Speaker 1: adulterated among foods of the day. It's kind of the

499
00:26:23,800 --> 00:26:27,160
Speaker 1: most shocking example a lot of the time. But food sellers,

500
00:26:27,200 --> 00:26:30,440
Speaker 1: grocery stores, like food manfacturers, they're doing it with everything.

501
00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:32,239
Speaker 1: And to make that point, I'm going to quote from

502
00:26:32,280 --> 00:26:34,960
Speaker 1: Deborah Bloom again, this time writing in her wonderful book

503
00:26:35,200 --> 00:26:40,159
Speaker 1: The Poison Squad. Quote. Fakery and adulteration ran rampant in

504
00:26:40,200 --> 00:26:43,080
Speaker 1: other American products as well. Honey often proved to be

505
00:26:43,119 --> 00:26:46,760
Speaker 1: thickened colored corn syrup and vanilla extract a mixture of

506
00:26:46,800 --> 00:26:50,680
Speaker 1: alcohol and brown food coloring. Strawberry jam could be sweetened

507
00:26:50,720 --> 00:26:54,080
Speaker 1: paste made from mashed apple peelings, laced with grass seeds

508
00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:58,720
Speaker 1: and dyed. Red coffee might be largely sawdust or wheat, beans, beats, peas,

509
00:26:58,760 --> 00:27:02,240
Speaker 1: and dandelion seeds, scorched black and ground to resemble the

510
00:27:02,320 --> 00:27:06,920
Speaker 1: genuine article. Containers of pepper, cinnamon, or nutmeg were frequently

511
00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:10,439
Speaker 1: laced with a cheaper filler material, such as pulverized coconut shells,

512
00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:15,600
Speaker 1: charred rope, or occasionally floor sweepings. Flour routinely contained crushed

513
00:27:15,640 --> 00:27:19,399
Speaker 1: stone or gypsum. Or gypsum as a cheap extender. Ground

514
00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:22,400
Speaker 1: insects could be mixed into brown sugar, often without detection.

515
00:27:22,600 --> 00:27:26,080
Speaker 1: They're used linked to an unpleasant condition known as grocer's itch.

516
00:27:27,840 --> 00:27:30,280
Speaker 1: We've all had a little bit of grocer had grocer's

517
00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:39,080
Speaker 1: atch cookies, and now I got grocers atch. European governments,

518
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:41,639
Speaker 1: especially those of Germany and Great Britain, had been far

519
00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:44,560
Speaker 1: quicker than the US government to recognize and addressed problems

520
00:27:44,560 --> 00:27:47,800
Speaker 1: of food adulteration. In eighteen twenty, a pioneering book by

521
00:27:47,880 --> 00:27:51,480
Speaker 1: chemist Frederick Accumb titled A Treatise on Adulterations of Food

522
00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:55,000
Speaker 1: and Culinary Poisons, had aroused widespread public outrage when it

523
00:27:55,040 --> 00:27:58,440
Speaker 1: was published in London. Acume minced no words. Are pickles

524
00:27:58,440 --> 00:28:00,959
Speaker 1: are made green by copper? Are vene rendered sharp by

525
00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:04,120
Speaker 1: sulfuric acid. Are cream composed of rice, powder or arrow

526
00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:07,600
Speaker 1: root and bad milk? Are comfees mixed of sugar, starch

527
00:28:07,640 --> 00:28:10,440
Speaker 1: and clay, and colored with preparations of copper and lead.

528
00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:13,360
Speaker 1: Are ketchup? Often formed of the dregs of distilled vinegar

529
00:28:13,400 --> 00:28:16,320
Speaker 1: with a decoction of the outer green husk of walnuts,

530
00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:19,640
Speaker 1: and seasoned with all spice. He wrote, they had all

531
00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:22,879
Speaker 1: spice back then. Oh yeah, they conquered the world for

532
00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:26,480
Speaker 1: all spice. They did three or four genocides just to

533
00:28:26,520 --> 00:28:33,680
Speaker 1: get their hands on all sp That's not an exaggeration, um,

534
00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:37,000
Speaker 1: And it gets worse. With the candy industry, confectioners often

535
00:28:37,040 --> 00:28:40,400
Speaker 1: turned to poisonous metallic elements and compounds. Green came from

536
00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:43,920
Speaker 1: arsenic or copper, yellow from lead chromate, cheerful rose, and

537
00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:47,640
Speaker 1: pink tones from red lead. In eighteen thirty and editorial

538
00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:50,840
Speaker 1: in The Lancet the British Medical General complained that millions

539
00:28:50,840 --> 00:28:54,280
Speaker 1: of children are the daily dosed with lethal substances, but

540
00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:57,320
Speaker 1: the practices continued, largely due to business pressures on would

541
00:28:57,320 --> 00:29:00,440
Speaker 1: be government regulators. By mid century, though, casual teas were

542
00:29:00,440 --> 00:29:03,400
Speaker 1: starting to mount in Britain. In eighteen forty seven, three

543
00:29:03,440 --> 00:29:07,000
Speaker 1: English children fell seriously ill after eating birthday cake descorated

544
00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:10,600
Speaker 1: with arsenic tinted green leaves. Five years later, two London

545
00:29:10,640 --> 00:29:13,440
Speaker 1: brothers died after eating a cake who's frosting contained both

546
00:29:13,560 --> 00:29:16,520
Speaker 1: arsenic and copper. In an eighteen fifty four report, London

547
00:29:16,520 --> 00:29:20,080
Speaker 1: physician Arthur hasseltracked forty cases of child poisoning caused by

548
00:29:20,080 --> 00:29:24,000
Speaker 1: penny candies. Three years later, twenty one people in Bradford, Yorkshire,

549
00:29:24,040 --> 00:29:28,400
Speaker 1: died after consuming candy accidentally laced with deadly arsenic trioxide,

550
00:29:28,480 --> 00:29:31,600
Speaker 1: accidentally because the confectioner meant to mix in plaster of

551
00:29:31,680 --> 00:29:34,640
Speaker 1: Paris instead. Although he had noticed his workers falling ill

552
00:29:34,680 --> 00:29:37,200
Speaker 1: while mixing up the stuff, the business owner had put

553
00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:40,040
Speaker 1: the candy on sale anyway. He was arrested and jailed,

554
00:29:40,080 --> 00:29:42,240
Speaker 1: as was the pharmacist who had mistakenly sold him the

555
00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:44,600
Speaker 1: poison in place of plaster, but they could not even

556
00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:47,440
Speaker 1: be convicted of any crime. Britain had no law against

557
00:29:47,480 --> 00:29:52,440
Speaker 1: making unsafe or even lethal food products. Jesus Christ looking insane,

558
00:29:52,600 --> 00:29:57,760
Speaker 1: insane pouring arsenic into candy Kidder, Diane left it when

559
00:29:57,800 --> 00:30:02,360
Speaker 1: it's green? What screen? Um? Something more poisonous, Get some

560
00:30:02,360 --> 00:30:06,160
Speaker 1: more poison in there. That's too bland in color. I

561
00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:09,320
Speaker 1: just love. They killed twity one people with bad candy,

562
00:30:09,400 --> 00:30:11,600
Speaker 1: and then the cops are like, it's not illegal. You

563
00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:13,800
Speaker 1: can put as much poison in candy as you want.

564
00:30:14,320 --> 00:30:18,400
Speaker 1: It's not actually in the UK, there's nothing in the

565
00:30:18,480 --> 00:30:22,720
Speaker 1: rules that says candy can't be arsenic. Listen, if you

566
00:30:22,760 --> 00:30:26,160
Speaker 1: write a law that says I can't poison children for profit,

567
00:30:26,240 --> 00:30:31,840
Speaker 1: I'll gladly abide by it. And in England's credit, again,

568
00:30:31,880 --> 00:30:34,680
Speaker 1: this is like the eighteen thirties forties, like England, Jerremany,

569
00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:36,680
Speaker 1: a lot of europe Like bands, a lot of this ship.

570
00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:39,600
Speaker 1: But everything we've talked about keeps going. In the US,

571
00:30:39,640 --> 00:30:42,160
Speaker 1: they're throwing arsenic and lead and candy. They don't give

572
00:30:42,160 --> 00:30:44,840
Speaker 1: a fuck in the United States, right, this is the

573
00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:47,880
Speaker 1: lane and the goddamn free. We can do whatever we want.

574
00:30:48,360 --> 00:30:50,800
Speaker 1: I'm sing like one of the amendments should be my

575
00:30:50,920 --> 00:30:55,520
Speaker 1: right to eat arsenic damn right, Matt. That's why I'm

576
00:30:55,600 --> 00:30:58,800
Speaker 1: starting a new bakery. These cakes will kill your children.

577
00:31:00,200 --> 00:31:02,520
Speaker 1: These cakes will in fact kill your children, but they'll

578
00:31:02,560 --> 00:31:05,720
Speaker 1: die free. You know, they won't die Cocked by the

579
00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:10,680
Speaker 1: medical establishment. He says children can't handle arsenic five year

580
00:31:10,720 --> 00:31:13,080
Speaker 1: olds just saluting on a cot in the I see you.

581
00:31:14,760 --> 00:31:17,600
Speaker 1: You know who else likes to salute five year olds

582
00:31:17,600 --> 00:31:22,320
Speaker 1: while they're dying in the I see you? The sponsors.

583
00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:26,200
Speaker 1: That's right, that's right, Matt Leap. That's why they do it.

584
00:31:26,240 --> 00:31:28,440
Speaker 1: That's why they sell all these products. They have time

585
00:31:28,480 --> 00:31:32,560
Speaker 1: for their real passion, saluting dying children who are poisoned

586
00:31:32,600 --> 00:31:43,160
Speaker 1: by lead cake. All right, here we go, we're back back.

587
00:31:43,280 --> 00:31:47,640
Speaker 1: So in the United States, for basically the whole eighteen hundreds,

588
00:31:47,840 --> 00:31:50,480
Speaker 1: every attempt to impose any kind of like national food

589
00:31:50,520 --> 00:31:54,080
Speaker 1: safety standards is there. All these attempts are opposed vigorously

590
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:56,840
Speaker 1: by the big businesses who made a lot of money

591
00:31:56,880 --> 00:32:01,080
Speaker 1: selling lead candy and formaldehyde milk, for example. Bowl Massachusetts

592
00:32:01,120 --> 00:32:03,960
Speaker 1: lawyer George Thorndyke Angle gave a big speech in eighteen

593
00:32:04,000 --> 00:32:07,600
Speaker 1: seventy nine to the American Social Science Public Health Association

594
00:32:07,840 --> 00:32:10,240
Speaker 1: where he read through a list of commercially sold foods

595
00:32:10,240 --> 00:32:12,840
Speaker 1: that had been found to include parasites and brands of

596
00:32:12,840 --> 00:32:14,800
Speaker 1: butter and cheese that had been found to be nothing

597
00:32:14,800 --> 00:32:18,600
Speaker 1: but processed animal fat. Angle accused food producers of being

598
00:32:18,640 --> 00:32:20,520
Speaker 1: a threat to both rich and poor, and compared them

599
00:32:20,560 --> 00:32:23,760
Speaker 1: to pirates, robbing people of their good health. Angle mailed

600
00:32:23,800 --> 00:32:26,360
Speaker 1: copies of a speech to newspapers around the country, which

601
00:32:26,400 --> 00:32:30,000
Speaker 1: forced American Grocer, a major trade publication, to take aim

602
00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:33,240
Speaker 1: at him as a sensationalist doing a disservice to consumers,

603
00:32:33,440 --> 00:32:35,800
Speaker 1: although they did concede that it was bad when milk

604
00:32:35,840 --> 00:32:38,720
Speaker 1: and candy killed children. So like, look, it's bad that

605
00:32:38,840 --> 00:32:41,400
Speaker 1: kids keep dying, but this guy is this guy is

606
00:32:41,440 --> 00:32:43,880
Speaker 1: not like out, this guy's out of his mind. This

607
00:32:43,920 --> 00:32:48,400
Speaker 1: guy is biased, alright, and listen, yeah, I have grocer's

608
00:32:48,480 --> 00:32:52,320
Speaker 1: itch who doesn't. Okay, look, we all wish kids would

609
00:32:52,320 --> 00:32:55,440
Speaker 1: stop dying, but at what cost? That's what we the

610
00:32:55,600 --> 00:32:59,680
Speaker 1: people putting lead in your children's food ask Listen, you

611
00:32:59,760 --> 00:33:03,040
Speaker 1: can either have a crying baby or a baby with

612
00:33:03,120 --> 00:33:06,000
Speaker 1: a one in five chance of dying from this lollipop.

613
00:33:06,360 --> 00:33:08,600
Speaker 1: Which would you prefer? Yeah, what do you want? You

614
00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:10,640
Speaker 1: want milk that kills your kids? You want milk that's

615
00:33:10,640 --> 00:33:14,360
Speaker 1: three cents cheaper. Huh? How much of those kids worth

616
00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:20,160
Speaker 1: for you? Anyway? It's supplying to man here, buddy. Angles argument, though,

617
00:33:20,240 --> 00:33:23,440
Speaker 1: was convincing to Congressman Richard Beale from Virginia. He put

618
00:33:23,480 --> 00:33:27,400
Speaker 1: forward legislation federally to ban all interstate commerce and chemically

619
00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:30,080
Speaker 1: altered foods. And it's wild to think about how different

620
00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:32,160
Speaker 1: that like it would have gotten appealed at some point, right,

621
00:33:32,200 --> 00:33:35,120
Speaker 1: because you just couldn't have a society like ours with

622
00:33:35,160 --> 00:33:37,240
Speaker 1: that law on the books. But it never it never

623
00:33:37,280 --> 00:33:39,520
Speaker 1: gets made, It dies in committee. I'm not even saying

624
00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:41,720
Speaker 1: like at the time certainly would have been a good thing.

625
00:33:41,880 --> 00:33:44,720
Speaker 1: There's that would have wouldn't have aged well, but it

626
00:33:44,720 --> 00:33:47,320
Speaker 1: doesn't even get off the ground floor. Um. And of

627
00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:49,520
Speaker 1: course that bill was not the only thing that died

628
00:33:49,520 --> 00:33:52,120
Speaker 1: in committee. Shiploads of kids were still being offed by

629
00:33:52,160 --> 00:33:55,280
Speaker 1: poisonous foods. It all got bad enough that the United

630
00:33:55,320 --> 00:33:58,280
Speaker 1: States Congress decided to take a break from edging the

631
00:33:58,280 --> 00:34:01,160
Speaker 1: tip of the national cock into over these colonialism, and

632
00:34:01,240 --> 00:34:04,480
Speaker 1: in nineteen o two they funded the very first controlled

633
00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:08,160
Speaker 1: trials of human food toxicity. These tests would be carried

634
00:34:08,160 --> 00:34:11,080
Speaker 1: out by the U. S Department of Agricultures Chemistry Squad,

635
00:34:11,400 --> 00:34:15,280
Speaker 1: which was headed by a guy named Harvey Washington Wiley. Now,

636
00:34:15,520 --> 00:34:17,719
Speaker 1: while he's pretty dope, he maybe the obi Wan of

637
00:34:17,719 --> 00:34:21,400
Speaker 1: our story. Um. He'd gotten his start in food science

638
00:34:21,440 --> 00:34:23,840
Speaker 1: in eighteen eighty one when the Indiana State Board of

639
00:34:23,880 --> 00:34:26,360
Speaker 1: Health asked him to look into honey, maple syrup and

640
00:34:26,400 --> 00:34:29,160
Speaker 1: other sweeteners, and his findings were that, in short, like

641
00:34:29,520 --> 00:34:31,359
Speaker 1: a lot of the people buying these things are not,

642
00:34:31,440 --> 00:34:33,480
Speaker 1: in fact buying these things on most of the like

643
00:34:33,520 --> 00:34:35,400
Speaker 1: a lot of the maple syrup and honey in the markets,

644
00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:37,680
Speaker 1: just like corn syrup. It would sometimes even make like

645
00:34:37,719 --> 00:34:39,959
Speaker 1: a fake wax honeycomb and dip it in the corn

646
00:34:40,000 --> 00:34:42,960
Speaker 1: syrups that it looked like you were getting real honey. Um.

647
00:34:43,440 --> 00:34:46,359
Speaker 1: And and realizing that like, oh wow, like people going

648
00:34:46,400 --> 00:34:49,080
Speaker 1: to the grocery store have no fucking clue what they're getting,

649
00:34:49,360 --> 00:34:52,040
Speaker 1: Like they don't have a goddamn idea what they're actually

650
00:34:52,080 --> 00:34:55,239
Speaker 1: buying because there's no requirement that they tell people what

651
00:34:55,280 --> 00:34:58,160
Speaker 1: they're buying and actually deliver it on it um. And

652
00:34:58,200 --> 00:35:01,640
Speaker 1: this kind of radicalizes widely, and he'd like like spends

653
00:35:01,680 --> 00:35:04,319
Speaker 1: the rest of his career trying to stop this. Now

654
00:35:04,520 --> 00:35:07,440
Speaker 1: Nature right up I found in Nature magazine describes his

655
00:35:07,480 --> 00:35:10,480
Speaker 1: new job at the U. S d A. Quote widely

656
00:35:10,520 --> 00:35:13,720
Speaker 1: recruited young healthy men as guinea pigs, starting with civil servants.

657
00:35:13,760 --> 00:35:16,120
Speaker 1: They signed liability waivers and agreed to take part in

658
00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:19,759
Speaker 1: hygienic table trials, eating free but strictly prescribed meals in

659
00:35:19,800 --> 00:35:22,200
Speaker 1: an experimental kitchen in the U. S d A's basement

660
00:35:22,239 --> 00:35:25,239
Speaker 1: in Washington, d C. An excitable press dubbed them the

661
00:35:25,280 --> 00:35:27,640
Speaker 1: poison Squad, and they're trying to figure out like what

662
00:35:27,680 --> 00:35:29,440
Speaker 1: things are bad for people. They're also trying to just

663
00:35:29,480 --> 00:35:31,920
Speaker 1: like gain a real understanding of like nutrition and like

664
00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:34,719
Speaker 1: what works, what preserves food. No one had really this

665
00:35:34,760 --> 00:35:37,440
Speaker 1: hadn't been done. Pieces of this had been done in

666
00:35:37,440 --> 00:35:39,640
Speaker 1: an organized way, but like this is the first time

667
00:35:39,880 --> 00:35:42,359
Speaker 1: that our government's like we should really like figure out

668
00:35:42,400 --> 00:35:46,000
Speaker 1: what this stuff does to people, like in a controlled setting.

669
00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:49,239
Speaker 1: Gives some people some lead and just know and you

670
00:35:49,280 --> 00:35:51,279
Speaker 1: don't know at that point, right, Like it is like

671
00:35:51,360 --> 00:35:53,440
Speaker 1: we laugh about it, but like the Romans put lead

672
00:35:53,440 --> 00:35:55,600
Speaker 1: and funking everything because they didn't realize it, like it

673
00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:58,440
Speaker 1: was bad for him. Um, so you have and at

674
00:35:58,440 --> 00:36:00,840
Speaker 1: this point that we're starting to get some understanding of that.

675
00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:02,600
Speaker 1: But like a big part of it is this, and

676
00:36:02,800 --> 00:36:04,919
Speaker 1: there's a lot of very brave people who are like, yeah,

677
00:36:04,960 --> 00:36:06,520
Speaker 1: try ship on me. We should know if this is

678
00:36:06,600 --> 00:36:08,919
Speaker 1: killing people, so give it, give it a shot. Put

679
00:36:08,920 --> 00:36:13,680
Speaker 1: it in me. Um thanks due, Yeah you really you

680
00:36:13,719 --> 00:36:16,239
Speaker 1: took one for the team here. You're like, I'll eat

681
00:36:16,280 --> 00:36:18,960
Speaker 1: pretty much anything. So just like hook it up, dude,

682
00:36:20,040 --> 00:36:23,399
Speaker 1: throw it in me. Who gives a ship? Yeah, I'm drunk. Yeah,

683
00:36:23,680 --> 00:36:26,680
Speaker 1: I ain't gonna live that long anyway. Is the eight nineties.

684
00:36:27,239 --> 00:36:30,359
Speaker 1: I made it into twenty. You know, I'm an old man.

685
00:36:30,520 --> 00:36:34,000
Speaker 1: I am dead inside. Already, feed me some of them.

686
00:36:34,560 --> 00:36:37,840
Speaker 1: My earliest memory is Sherman's March to the Sea. I'm done.

687
00:36:40,719 --> 00:36:43,400
Speaker 1: So that brings us back to milk. Now. Under President

688
00:36:43,719 --> 00:36:47,160
Speaker 1: Grover Cleveland, Whiley's Chemistry division started digging into the dirty

689
00:36:47,200 --> 00:36:49,360
Speaker 1: world of big dairy, there was a lot of money

690
00:36:49,360 --> 00:36:51,680
Speaker 1: in dairy, particularly since milk was seen is like the

691
00:36:51,719 --> 00:36:54,799
Speaker 1: best thing to feed small children. The milk industry had

692
00:36:54,800 --> 00:36:57,319
Speaker 1: been happy to cut corners for profits for quite some time.

693
00:36:57,719 --> 00:36:59,960
Speaker 1: And I want to talk a little bit about swill,

694
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:01,920
Speaker 1: which is the kind of milk that most people in

695
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:04,160
Speaker 1: cities are drinking through. Like most of the mid to

696
00:37:04,239 --> 00:37:06,600
Speaker 1: late eighteen hundreds, even some of the early nineteen was

697
00:37:06,640 --> 00:37:10,239
Speaker 1: its branded swill. No, that's just what everyone called it,

698
00:37:10,280 --> 00:37:13,120
Speaker 1: and we'll explain why in a second. So Deborah Bloom

699
00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:16,800
Speaker 1: describes this swill as quote like making swill as quote

700
00:37:16,960 --> 00:37:21,160
Speaker 1: the practice wherein distillers liquor distillers housed dairy cows in

701
00:37:21,239 --> 00:37:24,480
Speaker 1: stinking urban warehouses where each animal was tethered immobile and

702
00:37:24,520 --> 00:37:27,359
Speaker 1: fed on the spin mash or swill from the fermentation

703
00:37:27,400 --> 00:37:29,839
Speaker 1: process used in making whiskey. So you have all these

704
00:37:29,880 --> 00:37:31,880
Speaker 1: grains and ship for like whiskey, even for beer too.

705
00:37:31,880 --> 00:37:33,360
Speaker 1: I'm sure they do it with that where you're like

706
00:37:33,400 --> 00:37:35,799
Speaker 1: boiling all this grain for forever in order to like

707
00:37:35,920 --> 00:37:39,399
Speaker 1: make the thing that you then ferment. Right. Um. And

708
00:37:39,640 --> 00:37:43,279
Speaker 1: once you boil anything for a while, like like all

709
00:37:43,360 --> 00:37:45,600
Speaker 1: this grain and stuff, it doesn't have any real nutrition

710
00:37:45,680 --> 00:37:47,759
Speaker 1: anymore because you've like boiled it to get all of

711
00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:50,120
Speaker 1: that out. That all goes into the thing that you're making.

712
00:37:50,160 --> 00:37:53,160
Speaker 1: That's why it's flavored and ship um. So the cows

713
00:37:53,160 --> 00:37:55,640
Speaker 1: that are fed on this stuff are like dying their

714
00:37:55,800 --> 00:37:59,280
Speaker 1: entire lives. They're horribly malnourished, their bones are very soft,

715
00:37:59,719 --> 00:38:02,239
Speaker 1: um because the swol they're eating isn't food anymore. So,

716
00:38:02,320 --> 00:38:04,200
Speaker 1: like all of these animals, by the time their adults

717
00:38:04,200 --> 00:38:06,839
Speaker 1: have all of their teeth wrought out, um, they live

718
00:38:06,960 --> 00:38:10,120
Speaker 1: very short lives. Their malnourished bodies only produce milk for

719
00:38:10,120 --> 00:38:12,640
Speaker 1: a short period of time, and the milk they make,

720
00:38:12,800 --> 00:38:15,080
Speaker 1: which is what all these poor kids are drinking, doesn't

721
00:38:15,080 --> 00:38:18,200
Speaker 1: really have any nutritional value because again the cows aren't

722
00:38:18,239 --> 00:38:20,920
Speaker 1: eating anything with nutritional value, so there's just like making

723
00:38:21,280 --> 00:38:25,600
Speaker 1: colored water in a lot of cases. One pediatrition at

724
00:38:25,600 --> 00:38:28,600
Speaker 1: the time wrote, I have every year grown more suspicious

725
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:31,680
Speaker 1: of distillery milk wherever I have seen a child presenting

726
00:38:31,680 --> 00:38:35,680
Speaker 1: a sickly appearance, loose, flabby flesh, weak joints, capricious appetite,

727
00:38:35,880 --> 00:38:39,560
Speaker 1: frequent wretchings, and occasional vomitage, irregular bowels with the tendency

728
00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:43,480
Speaker 1: to diarrhea and fetid breath. So like people are aware

729
00:38:43,480 --> 00:38:46,439
Speaker 1: of this. Also, the fact that it's called distillery milk

730
00:38:46,520 --> 00:38:50,000
Speaker 1: should key you and I don't want to go to

731
00:38:50,040 --> 00:38:53,880
Speaker 1: the same place from my bourbon and my milk. Yeah, exactly.

732
00:38:53,960 --> 00:38:56,640
Speaker 1: It's like, oh we sell cocaine. Oh we also sell

733
00:38:56,760 --> 00:39:01,680
Speaker 1: fair trade coffee. It's like, I don't think it's fair trade.

734
00:39:02,920 --> 00:39:05,000
Speaker 1: I mean, I'm sure it was a fair trade for somebody.

735
00:39:05,280 --> 00:39:08,040
Speaker 1: Someone got a good end of the deal for sure. Yeah,

736
00:39:08,040 --> 00:39:10,680
Speaker 1: our sponsors, the scene of low cartel folk pretty good

737
00:39:10,680 --> 00:39:17,280
Speaker 1: about that trade. So the swill milk industry was eventually reformed,

738
00:39:17,320 --> 00:39:19,920
Speaker 1: but that industry just yielded to the formalde hyde doping

739
00:39:19,960 --> 00:39:23,279
Speaker 1: that we've already covered By nineteen oh four, doping had

740
00:39:23,480 --> 00:39:26,680
Speaker 1: formalde hyde milk had spread to New Jersey, where one

741
00:39:26,760 --> 00:39:29,960
Speaker 1: doctor blamed a surge in child deaths on the substance.

742
00:39:30,160 --> 00:39:33,399
Speaker 1: In New York City, twenty thousand deaths of children under

743
00:39:33,440 --> 00:39:38,279
Speaker 1: two per year were blamed on poisoned milk. Formaldehyde wasn't

744
00:39:38,280 --> 00:39:41,120
Speaker 1: even twenty kids a year in New York City dying

745
00:39:41,160 --> 00:39:44,520
Speaker 1: from bad milk. Yeah, Like that's fucking wild. That is

746
00:39:44,600 --> 00:39:47,279
Speaker 1: so many dead children, that is an insane amount of

747
00:39:47,480 --> 00:39:49,279
Speaker 1: It's like at some point you have to go like,

748
00:39:49,360 --> 00:39:54,919
Speaker 1: wouldn't this like like like would kill less? I mean

749
00:39:55,840 --> 00:39:57,680
Speaker 1: it just leads me to believe that this was the time.

750
00:39:57,719 --> 00:40:00,560
Speaker 1: It's like, oh yeah, a lot a lot of drewn dyes.

751
00:40:00,680 --> 00:40:03,719
Speaker 1: Some of its milk poisoning. Some of it is from

752
00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:06,279
Speaker 1: the slide that's made of razor blades, and we have

753
00:40:06,400 --> 00:40:10,360
Speaker 1: at every park like this is were you were strapping

754
00:40:10,440 --> 00:40:13,160
Speaker 1: kids to the street cars to act as mirrors. Like

755
00:40:13,239 --> 00:40:18,920
Speaker 1: we have all sorts and we're just like using their

756
00:40:18,960 --> 00:40:23,960
Speaker 1: bodies as chimney sweets. I mean they die, They for

757
00:40:24,000 --> 00:40:28,400
Speaker 1: sure die. They're very easy to do. Um. So yeah,

758
00:40:28,680 --> 00:40:32,360
Speaker 1: uh And and formaldehyde was not even necessarily the biggest threat,

759
00:40:32,400 --> 00:40:34,640
Speaker 1: and milk most of the deaths due to poison milk

760
00:40:34,680 --> 00:40:37,520
Speaker 1: in New York, particularly in like nineteen o two, are

761
00:40:37,520 --> 00:40:39,960
Speaker 1: probably as the result of a typhus epidemic that could

762
00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:42,640
Speaker 1: spread through tainted milk, because that's a big cause of

763
00:40:42,680 --> 00:40:46,920
Speaker 1: typhus outbreaks, is like milk um. Now, whiley and Hurley

764
00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:49,480
Speaker 1: were among the learned advocates who urged the government to

765
00:40:49,520 --> 00:40:52,359
Speaker 1: take action, everywhere they looked Americans were being tricked into

766
00:40:52,360 --> 00:40:54,880
Speaker 1: consuming things that weren't food, and of course a shipload

767
00:40:54,880 --> 00:40:57,920
Speaker 1: of babies were dying. Regulations keep being proposed, and they

768
00:40:57,960 --> 00:41:01,160
Speaker 1: are fought tooth and nail every time by food manufacturers.

769
00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:04,239
Speaker 1: So by the time the early nine hundred run roll around,

770
00:41:04,280 --> 00:41:06,880
Speaker 1: a handful of journalists set themselves to the task of

771
00:41:06,920 --> 00:41:10,080
Speaker 1: like exposing what's happening here, often with the direct help

772
00:41:10,080 --> 00:41:12,360
Speaker 1: of guys from the chemical Division. So like, these reporters

773
00:41:12,360 --> 00:41:14,640
Speaker 1: are kind of working with Wiley and his men. And

774
00:41:14,680 --> 00:41:18,120
Speaker 1: one of these journalists is Henry Irving Dodge, who adopted

775
00:41:18,120 --> 00:41:21,080
Speaker 1: poison milk as his cause in nineteen o four Debora

776
00:41:21,160 --> 00:41:24,200
Speaker 1: Bloom rights. Dodge had learned from a friend in the U. S.

777
00:41:24,200 --> 00:41:27,000
Speaker 1: Senate that manufacturers were prepared to spend more than two

778
00:41:27,040 --> 00:41:30,000
Speaker 1: hundred and fifty thousand dollars to defeat any regulations, and

779
00:41:30,000 --> 00:41:33,280
Speaker 1: had already made major contributions to the campaigns of senators

780
00:41:33,280 --> 00:41:36,319
Speaker 1: considered friendly to the cause. No wonder the proposed food

781
00:41:36,400 --> 00:41:39,120
Speaker 1: legislation was going nowhere, he wrote. The Senate does not

782
00:41:39,200 --> 00:41:41,719
Speaker 1: indulge in bawling opposition to the bill. Oh no, its

783
00:41:41,719 --> 00:41:44,200
Speaker 1: weapons are much more effective and more deadly. It lets

784
00:41:44,239 --> 00:41:47,520
Speaker 1: the bill die. The American government, he concluded, would rather

785
00:41:47,560 --> 00:41:51,600
Speaker 1: protect wealthy business interests than protect the American people. That's

786
00:41:51,600 --> 00:41:53,960
Speaker 1: the thing people today would understand. No, no, no, no, no,

787
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:56,600
Speaker 1: thank god that's changed. I mean we can all be

788
00:41:56,680 --> 00:42:02,280
Speaker 1: grateful for that. But no, I mean like two thousand dollars,

789
00:42:03,520 --> 00:42:06,200
Speaker 1: which is like four or five billion dollars exactly, like

790
00:42:06,320 --> 00:42:09,560
Speaker 1: to fight the just just boil the milk. Yeah, just

791
00:42:09,640 --> 00:42:12,759
Speaker 1: boil the goddam It's not hard. You're putting so much

792
00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:17,120
Speaker 1: money into not boiling the milk. Yes, that's ridiculous. It's

793
00:42:17,200 --> 00:42:20,560
Speaker 1: not like we're asking a lot. It's really the least

794
00:42:20,600 --> 00:42:22,959
Speaker 1: you could do with the milk. Hey, maybe we don't

795
00:42:22,960 --> 00:42:25,600
Speaker 1: need to have twenty babies a year die in New

796
00:42:25,680 --> 00:42:31,799
Speaker 1: York City to keep fire away from my milk. It's

797
00:42:31,880 --> 00:42:37,200
Speaker 1: faking amazing. So obviously this is an outrage and should

798
00:42:37,280 --> 00:42:39,759
Speaker 1: really piss people off. But the American people, as is

799
00:42:39,800 --> 00:42:41,960
Speaker 1: often the case, had a lot going on right around

800
00:42:42,000 --> 00:42:44,760
Speaker 1: this time. And while there were isolated eruptions of outrage,

801
00:42:44,760 --> 00:42:47,520
Speaker 1: when like a tainted meat can ten would kill some soldiers.

802
00:42:47,520 --> 00:42:49,799
Speaker 1: This happens around the time of the Spanish American War,

803
00:42:50,040 --> 00:42:52,400
Speaker 1: a bunch of soldiers get sick from like bad meat

804
00:42:53,239 --> 00:42:56,239
Speaker 1: or like whenever spoiled milk batch would kill a whole

805
00:42:56,280 --> 00:42:59,000
Speaker 1: kindergarten worth of kids. There's like all there's outrage in

806
00:42:59,160 --> 00:43:02,719
Speaker 1: bursts and hurts, but it's very decentralized and scattered. And

807
00:43:02,800 --> 00:43:05,960
Speaker 1: because of this, the massive meat packing in dairy industry,

808
00:43:06,000 --> 00:43:08,799
Speaker 1: these huge corporations and like conglomerates that have formed around

809
00:43:08,800 --> 00:43:10,799
Speaker 1: this stuff are able to bribe and bully their way

810
00:43:10,800 --> 00:43:13,440
Speaker 1: out of any kind of real regulations. One of the

811
00:43:13,520 --> 00:43:16,520
Speaker 1: things that leads that actually changes this, that like really

812
00:43:16,640 --> 00:43:19,520
Speaker 1: is a huge factor is a book called The Jungle

813
00:43:19,600 --> 00:43:22,080
Speaker 1: by Upton Sinclair, which I'm sure most people are at

814
00:43:22,160 --> 00:43:26,160
Speaker 1: least broadly familiar with. Um Upton went undercover for months

815
00:43:26,160 --> 00:43:29,799
Speaker 1: in a Chicago meat packing neighborhood, and his vivid recollections

816
00:43:29,800 --> 00:43:32,200
Speaker 1: of what he saw there were first published in serial

817
00:43:32,239 --> 00:43:36,080
Speaker 1: form via a socialist magazine named Appeal to Reason. When

818
00:43:36,080 --> 00:43:38,520
Speaker 1: it was republished as a book in nineteen o six,

819
00:43:38,600 --> 00:43:41,400
Speaker 1: huge numbers of Americans were confronted with scenes like this,

820
00:43:41,520 --> 00:43:45,279
Speaker 1: And I'm gonna read from Upton Sinclair's The Jungle. There

821
00:43:45,280 --> 00:43:47,520
Speaker 1: were cattle which had been fed on whiskey malt the

822
00:43:47,600 --> 00:43:50,200
Speaker 1: refuse of the breweries, and had become what the men

823
00:43:50,320 --> 00:43:53,600
Speaker 1: called steerly, which means covered in boils. It was a

824
00:43:53,680 --> 00:43:56,359
Speaker 1: nasty job killing these, for when you plunged your knife

825
00:43:56,400 --> 00:43:59,160
Speaker 1: into them, they would burst and splatter foul smelling stuff

826
00:43:59,200 --> 00:44:01,760
Speaker 1: onto your face. And when a man's sleeves were smeared

827
00:44:01,760 --> 00:44:03,799
Speaker 1: with blood, his hands steeped in it, how was he

828
00:44:03,840 --> 00:44:05,799
Speaker 1: ever to wipe his face or to clear his eyes

829
00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:10,480
Speaker 1: so that he could see Jesus Christ, they're just sucking

830
00:44:10,480 --> 00:44:13,840
Speaker 1: blood pinatas. Yeah, they're like boil and puss and blood

831
00:44:13,840 --> 00:44:15,640
Speaker 1: and it's all getting over the meat, right because you

832
00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:17,520
Speaker 1: can't see, and it's all over your hands, it's all

833
00:44:17,560 --> 00:44:20,040
Speaker 1: over your knife, and you're like, you're processing this if

834
00:44:20,040 --> 00:44:24,000
Speaker 1: you're we slaughter and process animals semi regularly, where I live.

835
00:44:24,040 --> 00:44:25,319
Speaker 1: And if you're doing that, like one of the key

836
00:44:25,320 --> 00:44:27,120
Speaker 1: you don't even want like the hair of the animal

837
00:44:27,160 --> 00:44:28,759
Speaker 1: when you skin it, to touch the meat because it

838
00:44:28,760 --> 00:44:31,280
Speaker 1: can spoil you. You want to be very careful otherwise

839
00:44:31,280 --> 00:44:36,200
Speaker 1: it makes it nasty. And they're they're just like puss

840
00:44:36,280 --> 00:44:39,840
Speaker 1: is just like you're marinating and man, get it in there.

841
00:44:39,880 --> 00:44:42,680
Speaker 1: Just more nutrients. It's more nutrients. Don't worry about the smell.

842
00:44:42,760 --> 00:44:48,720
Speaker 1: It's got a lot of vitamin P. That's good stuff.

843
00:44:49,480 --> 00:44:52,200
Speaker 1: So Sinclair had meant to reveal to people that the

844
00:44:52,200 --> 00:44:56,719
Speaker 1: work in stockyards and meatpacking facilities was unconscionably inhumane. Both

845
00:44:56,719 --> 00:44:59,040
Speaker 1: are the humans working there and the animals. Right, he was,

846
00:44:59,080 --> 00:45:01,520
Speaker 1: he was upset about like the treatment of all of

847
00:45:01,560 --> 00:45:04,680
Speaker 1: the living things in this nightmare system. That's not what

848
00:45:04,760 --> 00:45:07,960
Speaker 1: America really cares about. The real impact that the Jungle

849
00:45:08,040 --> 00:45:11,439
Speaker 1: has on public opinion is that it scares people about

850
00:45:11,440 --> 00:45:15,080
Speaker 1: how fucking filthy their food is. Sinclair later said, quote,

851
00:45:15,239 --> 00:45:17,560
Speaker 1: I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident, I

852
00:45:17,640 --> 00:45:22,240
Speaker 1: hid it in the stomach. Honestly, I'd like to pretend

853
00:45:22,480 --> 00:45:25,960
Speaker 1: like I'm any better, but no, I'm not. Like fucking

854
00:45:26,280 --> 00:45:30,520
Speaker 1: I didn't stop eating chicken nuggets until someone showed me

855
00:45:31,360 --> 00:45:34,279
Speaker 1: the green the pink goo that it's made out of.

856
00:45:34,600 --> 00:45:38,359
Speaker 1: And I lasted a year and then I was like, nah,

857
00:45:38,360 --> 00:45:40,200
Speaker 1: I could eat the goo. And then I went back

858
00:45:40,239 --> 00:45:42,719
Speaker 1: to chicken nuggets. So someone figured out how I can

859
00:45:42,760 --> 00:45:44,520
Speaker 1: just get the raw goo. I'd like to just have

860
00:45:44,560 --> 00:45:47,560
Speaker 1: that as a shake in the morning, stuck down some

861
00:45:47,600 --> 00:45:50,000
Speaker 1: pink goo. Yeah, get out in the sun a little

862
00:45:50,000 --> 00:45:53,879
Speaker 1: bit so it gets good in night. What so yeah

863
00:45:55,920 --> 00:45:59,040
Speaker 1: pink And you know what I think if I just

864
00:45:59,160 --> 00:46:02,320
Speaker 1: mixed that fifty fifty with bourbon, that all the nutrients

865
00:46:02,400 --> 00:46:08,879
Speaker 1: I need. That's like, that's that's my soilet. That's that's

866
00:46:08,880 --> 00:46:12,680
Speaker 1: a performance beverage. So exactly in the morning you throw

867
00:46:12,719 --> 00:46:14,880
Speaker 1: a couple of shots of espresso in there too. You're

868
00:46:14,880 --> 00:46:18,319
Speaker 1: good to go. I'm doing. And then you branded it

869
00:46:18,360 --> 00:46:21,640
Speaker 1: and I went out. That's how you get that keto body.

870
00:46:21,680 --> 00:46:25,239
Speaker 1: That's true. The brand immediately makes it fun. Yeah, I'll

871
00:46:25,239 --> 00:46:27,920
Speaker 1: eat it. That's that's gonna be my new soilet. So

872
00:46:27,960 --> 00:46:30,160
Speaker 1: if you figure out find find us a sponsor who

873
00:46:30,160 --> 00:46:34,400
Speaker 1: will make my meat coffee bourbon shakes it self them

874
00:46:34,440 --> 00:46:37,759
Speaker 1: as a performance beverage. You know who? These are good

875
00:46:37,800 --> 00:46:39,680
Speaker 1: vorous truckers, and we'll get you the right amount of

876
00:46:39,760 --> 00:46:43,560
Speaker 1: drunk away convomiting to really do those long haul drives. Yeah,

877
00:46:43,600 --> 00:46:46,040
Speaker 1: you can get it all done in one go, literally,

878
00:46:46,080 --> 00:46:50,520
Speaker 1: one math movement and out immediately. And look, school's waste

879
00:46:50,560 --> 00:46:54,840
Speaker 1: a lot of time cooking food, my meat, slurry, bourbon, beverage. Everything.

880
00:46:54,840 --> 00:46:59,120
Speaker 1: A child needs to both be neutrified and to keep

881
00:46:59,200 --> 00:47:02,000
Speaker 1: quiet because there's a lot of there's a lot of bourbon.

882
00:47:02,000 --> 00:47:04,759
Speaker 1: Their little bodies can't handle that much. You know, we

883
00:47:04,880 --> 00:47:08,840
Speaker 1: call it sleeping time, shake meat. It's very good. Yeah,

884
00:47:09,160 --> 00:47:11,360
Speaker 1: just keep him quiet. You know what, you're just warehousing.

885
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:14,520
Speaker 1: I'm really that's what all we're doing anymore. It's called

886
00:47:14,640 --> 00:47:18,600
Speaker 1: five loco. It's even more local than the previous. They

887
00:47:18,600 --> 00:47:25,719
Speaker 1: barely breathe on it, so it's pandemic safe. So it's

888
00:47:25,719 --> 00:47:28,080
Speaker 1: worth noting that when The Jungle was published as a

889
00:47:28,080 --> 00:47:30,759
Speaker 1: proper book, like outside of like a magazine thing, when

890
00:47:30,760 --> 00:47:33,759
Speaker 1: it finds its publisher, the publisher insisted on sending a

891
00:47:33,800 --> 00:47:36,840
Speaker 1: copy of the manuscript to the Chicago Tribune and they're like, hey,

892
00:47:36,920 --> 00:47:40,520
Speaker 1: here's the book we're publishing. It's making some pretty shocking claims.

893
00:47:40,800 --> 00:47:43,240
Speaker 1: You guys are journalists, Why don't you investigate these claims

894
00:47:43,239 --> 00:47:46,520
Speaker 1: and like render an opinionist whether or not it's accurate, right, which,

895
00:47:47,239 --> 00:47:50,560
Speaker 1: if journalism exists, is a responsible thing for a publisher

896
00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:53,560
Speaker 1: to do. Here's the thing it is. Nineteen o six.

897
00:47:54,880 --> 00:47:57,480
Speaker 1: Upton Sinclair is the first person who's ever done a

898
00:47:57,600 --> 00:48:02,719
Speaker 1: journalism in the United States. So I'm gonna quote again

899
00:48:02,800 --> 00:48:05,920
Speaker 1: from the Poison Squad by dead Point. Journalism is just

900
00:48:06,160 --> 00:48:09,960
Speaker 1: for going to war. Yeah, that's that's when it was

901
00:48:10,040 --> 00:48:14,240
Speaker 1: invited to get people agreed to a war with Spain.

902
00:48:14,719 --> 00:48:20,760
Speaker 1: This book isn't about Spain at all. Quote. Tribune editors

903
00:48:20,800 --> 00:48:23,240
Speaker 1: responded with a two dozen page rebuttal of the packing

904
00:48:23,239 --> 00:48:26,759
Speaker 1: house descriptions. Alarmed Page and Double Day. His publishers called

905
00:48:26,800 --> 00:48:30,680
Speaker 1: Sinclair to their offices, but Sinclair promptly began picking apart

906
00:48:30,719 --> 00:48:33,400
Speaker 1: the Tribunes critique. For instance, the paper had denied that

907
00:48:33,440 --> 00:48:36,440
Speaker 1: the tuberculosis bacterium could survive on walls or floors of

908
00:48:36,480 --> 00:48:39,000
Speaker 1: the packing rooms. Sinclair pointed out that the germ could

909
00:48:39,040 --> 00:48:41,840
Speaker 1: indeed survive on those surfaces and couldn't transfer to anything

910
00:48:41,840 --> 00:48:44,319
Speaker 1: that touched them. He brought medical studies to prove it,

911
00:48:44,360 --> 00:48:46,320
Speaker 1: as well as other evidence to back up his story.

912
00:48:46,560 --> 00:48:49,320
Speaker 1: He further noted that the papers owners were obviously friendly

913
00:48:49,360 --> 00:48:51,640
Speaker 1: with the meat packers and sided with them. In fact,

914
00:48:51,680 --> 00:48:53,880
Speaker 1: it would turn out that the newspapers management had not

915
00:48:53,960 --> 00:48:57,440
Speaker 1: assigned a reporter to study Sinclair's claims, but instead passed

916
00:48:57,440 --> 00:49:01,480
Speaker 1: the task onto a publicist who worked for the meat packer. Nice. Yeah,

917
00:49:02,560 --> 00:49:05,719
Speaker 1: the newspaper goes right to the people that he's investigating.

918
00:49:05,719 --> 00:49:08,080
Speaker 1: It's like, is this you guys want to write a

919
00:49:08,080 --> 00:49:11,000
Speaker 1: thing for us about this? It's like, um, so I

920
00:49:11,040 --> 00:49:14,480
Speaker 1: need you guys to write something that says not And

921
00:49:14,719 --> 00:49:17,160
Speaker 1: just every time he says, yeah, huh, you just got

922
00:49:17,160 --> 00:49:19,200
Speaker 1: it right now, I would write it. But you would

923
00:49:19,239 --> 00:49:21,719
Speaker 1: not believe the amount of war with Spain we got.

924
00:49:22,200 --> 00:49:24,279
Speaker 1: We got a lot of war with Spain. There's so

925
00:49:24,360 --> 00:49:26,520
Speaker 1: much Spain left and we had to nip that ship

926
00:49:26,600 --> 00:49:28,880
Speaker 1: right in the button. Also, I'm a little bit busy

927
00:49:29,360 --> 00:49:32,440
Speaker 1: because all of my children are in the hospital for

928
00:49:32,600 --> 00:49:40,560
Speaker 1: milk poisoning. You know that, you know, babies, babies and

929
00:49:40,680 --> 00:49:45,120
Speaker 1: handle their milk. The New York Times goes on to

930
00:49:45,200 --> 00:49:47,960
Speaker 1: note quote about a month after the Jungle was published,

931
00:49:48,000 --> 00:49:50,480
Speaker 1: the White House started receiving a hundred letters a day

932
00:49:50,480 --> 00:49:53,920
Speaker 1: demanding a federal cleanup of the meat industry. Roosevelt invited

933
00:49:54,000 --> 00:49:56,919
Speaker 1: Sinclair to the White House, then ordered a federal investigation.

934
00:49:57,200 --> 00:50:00,359
Speaker 1: Sinclair took every opportunity to harangue the beef truck as

935
00:50:00,400 --> 00:50:02,840
Speaker 1: the meat trap packing industry was known, and sent a

936
00:50:02,920 --> 00:50:06,200
Speaker 1: stream of telegrams to the White House demanding reform. Roosevelt

937
00:50:06,239 --> 00:50:09,279
Speaker 1: seemed tired of Sinclair's outspokenness. In a note to the

938
00:50:09,320 --> 00:50:12,439
Speaker 1: author's publisher, the President wrote, tell Sinclair to go home

939
00:50:12,480 --> 00:50:16,720
Speaker 1: and let me run the country for a while. Oh, Teddy,

940
00:50:17,239 --> 00:50:21,400
Speaker 1: I love it. What a but but they do this

941
00:50:21,480 --> 00:50:24,239
Speaker 1: actually gets some ship done from from Teddy's credit, he's

942
00:50:24,320 --> 00:50:27,719
Speaker 1: part of ships starting to get done here. Um, the

943
00:50:28,400 --> 00:50:33,280
Speaker 1: Pure Food and Drug Act is past well, it's introduced

944
00:50:33,280 --> 00:50:35,880
Speaker 1: into Congress in nineteen o five, the same year that

945
00:50:36,040 --> 00:50:38,480
Speaker 1: Sinclair puts out the first version of the Jungle, And

946
00:50:38,680 --> 00:50:40,799
Speaker 1: but in early nineteen o six when the book version

947
00:50:40,840 --> 00:50:43,719
Speaker 1: comes out, the the Act is stalled. Um. And it's

948
00:50:43,760 --> 00:50:47,360
Speaker 1: so stalled that Harvey White Wiley, who's the main impetus

949
00:50:47,360 --> 00:50:50,719
Speaker 1: behind the book, starts trolling people out of like hopelessness. Right,

950
00:50:50,760 --> 00:50:52,680
Speaker 1: and he is he kind of is the first guy

951
00:50:52,760 --> 00:50:56,000
Speaker 1: to use Twitter. He said, he settles into a strategy

952
00:50:56,040 --> 00:50:59,279
Speaker 1: of writing protest letters to newspapers and magazines about the

953
00:50:59,320 --> 00:51:02,400
Speaker 1: ads they had for different snake oil medicines and tainted foods.

954
00:51:02,640 --> 00:51:05,480
Speaker 1: He wrote this to the Washington Star. I have read,

955
00:51:05,520 --> 00:51:08,200
Speaker 1: with your regret and your issue of Monday, January twenty nine,

956
00:51:08,200 --> 00:51:12,280
Speaker 1: of the probably fatal illness of buck Ewing, the celebrated catcher. Ewing,

957
00:51:12,400 --> 00:51:14,840
Speaker 1: a former star player and manager for the New York Giants,

958
00:51:15,120 --> 00:51:17,760
Speaker 1: was diagnosed with Bright's disease, which is a blood vessel

959
00:51:17,800 --> 00:51:21,680
Speaker 1: inflammation and the kidneys um and it killed people pretty

960
00:51:21,719 --> 00:51:25,359
Speaker 1: fast in those days. Wiley noted that like, Hey, you're

961
00:51:25,360 --> 00:51:28,120
Speaker 1: talking about how sad this is, but you've previously published

962
00:51:28,160 --> 00:51:31,160
Speaker 1: an article about Dr Kilmer swamp root and claim that

963
00:51:31,160 --> 00:51:36,239
Speaker 1: it clears bright disease. And He's like, I keep a

964
00:51:36,239 --> 00:51:37,879
Speaker 1: bottle of it near me all the time because you've

965
00:51:38,000 --> 00:51:40,040
Speaker 1: you've ensured me that it works. So why don't you

966
00:51:40,080 --> 00:51:42,359
Speaker 1: just tell this guy? You know, Mike, chemists say it's

967
00:51:42,360 --> 00:51:45,160
Speaker 1: nothing but alcohol in turpentine with a couple of spices.

968
00:51:45,520 --> 00:51:47,440
Speaker 1: But if you're worried about buck Ewing, why don't you

969
00:51:47,440 --> 00:51:49,520
Speaker 1: tell him to take this stuff? It should cure his thing.

970
00:51:49,640 --> 00:51:51,840
Speaker 1: Right away. In fact, I'll send him a copy of

971
00:51:51,880 --> 00:51:53,960
Speaker 1: your paper and let you know what he says. And

972
00:51:54,000 --> 00:51:57,239
Speaker 1: he dies like very shortly there after. I love the

973
00:51:57,280 --> 00:51:59,840
Speaker 1: idea that someone was just like, all right, we got this,

974
00:52:00,000 --> 00:52:03,879
Speaker 1: writes disease. Let's try swamp root that swamps are dark? Right?

975
00:52:03,960 --> 00:52:08,080
Speaker 1: What the and knock that right out with some dark

976
00:52:08,160 --> 00:52:12,360
Speaker 1: what's darker than a swamp? It's darker than the swamp people,

977
00:52:12,360 --> 00:52:15,240
Speaker 1: it's still dying. Well whatever, It's a clever head campaign.

978
00:52:15,560 --> 00:52:18,160
Speaker 1: And he does this like there's this malt coffee which

979
00:52:18,800 --> 00:52:21,920
Speaker 1: contains no actual coffee, it's pure barley, but it advertises

980
00:52:21,920 --> 00:52:24,360
Speaker 1: itself as having real coffee flavor, and he sends a

981
00:52:24,440 --> 00:52:27,120
Speaker 1: letter to the newspaper advertising them, being like, how can

982
00:52:27,160 --> 00:52:29,719
Speaker 1: you have real coffee flavor with anything? But coffee isn't

983
00:52:29,719 --> 00:52:32,040
Speaker 1: the only thing that can have real coffee flavor is

984
00:52:32,080 --> 00:52:39,200
Speaker 1: just quote tweeting. It's really just twittering. Uh you know

985
00:52:39,239 --> 00:52:43,040
Speaker 1: who else loves Twitter? The products and services that support

986
00:52:43,080 --> 00:52:48,280
Speaker 1: this podcast, they are all reply guys for the same

987
00:52:48,800 --> 00:52:52,279
Speaker 1: K pop band. And it gets very sexual, actually, with

988
00:52:52,320 --> 00:52:55,080
Speaker 1: all of our sponsors, very sexual replies to this k

989
00:52:55,239 --> 00:52:58,200
Speaker 1: pop band. Good. If we know one thing, it's the

990
00:52:58,280 --> 00:53:01,919
Speaker 1: K pop people. They're very normal online and they love

991
00:53:02,000 --> 00:53:06,760
Speaker 1: to be sexualized. That's actually the motto of very normal

992
00:53:06,840 --> 00:53:10,239
Speaker 1: online and we love to be a sexual am I

993
00:53:10,719 --> 00:53:23,919
Speaker 1: am I? Yeah you should believe that. Oh, here's some ads. Ah,

994
00:53:23,960 --> 00:53:28,000
Speaker 1: we're back. So, while he was hectoring sketchy newspaper owners

995
00:53:28,000 --> 00:53:31,000
Speaker 1: in print, Whiley and his poison squad had gathered together

996
00:53:31,080 --> 00:53:33,760
Speaker 1: the some of their years of study into America's endless

997
00:53:33,800 --> 00:53:36,719
Speaker 1: variety of ship foods um. And this is while they're

998
00:53:36,719 --> 00:53:38,680
Speaker 1: trying to pass this act, because they put all this

999
00:53:38,719 --> 00:53:41,760
Speaker 1: information together to try to like convince Congress we should

1000
00:53:41,760 --> 00:53:45,319
Speaker 1: do something. Yeah, we gotta stop the eating poison and

1001
00:53:45,360 --> 00:53:48,040
Speaker 1: po Yeah, we we really got to deal with all

1002
00:53:48,080 --> 00:53:51,520
Speaker 1: of these dead babies. Yea, so fucking step one of

1003
00:53:51,560 --> 00:53:55,160
Speaker 1: a society. No more eating the poison pooh yeah, no

1004
00:53:55,320 --> 00:53:59,080
Speaker 1: more eating the poop milk. Step maybe less war milk,

1005
00:53:59,200 --> 00:54:05,960
Speaker 1: not none, just less. So. This passage from Deborah Bloom's

1006
00:54:05,960 --> 00:54:08,760
Speaker 1: book sums up the case that Wiley and his scientists

1007
00:54:08,800 --> 00:54:12,480
Speaker 1: made to Congress. For every food product the chemistry Division

1008
00:54:12,520 --> 00:54:15,480
Speaker 1: could point to a trick involved in its manufacture. Doctors

1009
00:54:15,480 --> 00:54:18,200
Speaker 1: continued to worry over reports of Grocer's itch a side

1010
00:54:18,200 --> 00:54:20,840
Speaker 1: effect of the deceptive process of grinding up insects and

1011
00:54:20,880 --> 00:54:24,600
Speaker 1: passing the result office brown sugar. Sometimes live life survived

1012
00:54:24,600 --> 00:54:28,120
Speaker 1: the process. Beer, which most consumers imagined to be derived

1013
00:54:28,120 --> 00:54:30,480
Speaker 1: from malted barley and hops, was often made from a

1014
00:54:30,560 --> 00:54:33,480
Speaker 1: cheaper ferment of rice or even corn grits. So called

1015
00:54:33,520 --> 00:54:37,440
Speaker 1: aged whiskey was often still routinely rectified, alcohol diluted and

1016
00:54:37,480 --> 00:54:40,840
Speaker 1: colored brown, as widely had found twenty years earlier at Perdue.

1017
00:54:41,040 --> 00:54:43,480
Speaker 1: Corn syrup was widely still used as the basis for

1018
00:54:43,480 --> 00:54:46,920
Speaker 1: fake versions of honey and maple syrup. Many manufacturers argued

1019
00:54:46,960 --> 00:54:49,760
Speaker 1: that they had to fake products to stay competitive. Detroit

1020
00:54:49,880 --> 00:54:53,000
Speaker 1: canner Walter Williams of Williams Brothers described the making of

1021
00:54:53,040 --> 00:54:56,360
Speaker 1: his Highland strawberry preserves. The jam was, he said, forty

1022
00:54:56,400 --> 00:55:01,360
Speaker 1: five percent sugar, corn syrup, apple juice made from discarded

1023
00:55:01,400 --> 00:55:04,279
Speaker 1: apple skins, some scraps of apple skin and cores, and

1024
00:55:04,400 --> 00:55:07,839
Speaker 1: usually one or two pieces of strawberry. The strawberries cost him,

1025
00:55:07,880 --> 00:55:13,600
Speaker 1: he added, many compare it's costs a lot of money

1026
00:55:13,600 --> 00:55:17,319
Speaker 1: to get those two strawberries. Two pieces of strawberries are

1027
00:55:17,360 --> 00:55:20,719
Speaker 1: really putting me at a house at home. Many comparably

1028
00:55:20,760 --> 00:55:23,879
Speaker 1: priced preserves were just glucose apple juice and red red

1029
00:55:23,960 --> 00:55:27,480
Speaker 1: dye and timothy seed added to simulate strawberry seeds. If

1030
00:55:27,520 --> 00:55:30,960
Speaker 1: we could sell pure goods, I would be pleased. Williams insisted,

1031
00:55:31,080 --> 00:55:33,480
Speaker 1: I believe they should be labeled, showing their ingredients and

1032
00:55:33,600 --> 00:55:35,920
Speaker 1: showing the quality of the goods. But as there was

1033
00:55:35,960 --> 00:55:38,359
Speaker 1: no loss settling setting such standards, and as he had

1034
00:55:38,400 --> 00:55:40,919
Speaker 1: to compete with less scrupulous canners, there was no way

1035
00:55:40,960 --> 00:55:43,080
Speaker 1: for him to stay in business unless he cut costs

1036
00:55:43,120 --> 00:55:45,960
Speaker 1: to match. Widely testified that about five percent of all

1037
00:55:46,000 --> 00:55:49,040
Speaker 1: foods were routinely adulterated, with the number being much higher

1038
00:55:49,200 --> 00:55:52,880
Speaker 1: up to in categories such as coffee, spices and food

1039
00:55:52,920 --> 00:55:57,480
Speaker 1: products made for selling to the poor. Of course, if

1040
00:55:57,520 --> 00:55:59,720
Speaker 1: your food is for poor people, it is not food.

1041
00:56:00,080 --> 00:56:04,520
Speaker 1: Not food not We just ground up some dirt. Yeah,

1042
00:56:04,680 --> 00:56:08,320
Speaker 1: this is the salt dust pizza that I've made every

1043
00:56:08,400 --> 00:56:11,200
Speaker 1: three weeks. We mixed some sawdust in with piss. You

1044
00:56:11,239 --> 00:56:16,799
Speaker 1: can't tell the difference between that that bread ground, you know,

1045
00:56:16,920 --> 00:56:19,279
Speaker 1: she doesn't know the difference. The ground is what we

1046
00:56:19,400 --> 00:56:22,279
Speaker 1: call a natural play. It's pissed from the bars, so

1047
00:56:22,320 --> 00:56:25,040
Speaker 1: there's lots of barley in it. Well, they're poor bars,

1048
00:56:25,080 --> 00:56:27,279
Speaker 1: so it's just ground up rice meal. But you know,

1049
00:56:28,400 --> 00:56:31,080
Speaker 1: sometimes I can shove a bar of soap into the

1050
00:56:31,120 --> 00:56:33,040
Speaker 1: mouth of a poor to see if they live for

1051
00:56:33,040 --> 00:56:39,160
Speaker 1: another week. It's nice, clean, and it's delicious. So Whitely

1052
00:56:39,280 --> 00:56:41,640
Speaker 1: solution to all of this horror is the Pure Food

1053
00:56:41,640 --> 00:56:43,239
Speaker 1: and Drug Act. And it's hard to see this as

1054
00:56:43,239 --> 00:56:46,720
Speaker 1: anything unreasonable, but the grocery, meatpacking, and canning companies threatened

1055
00:56:46,760 --> 00:56:48,680
Speaker 1: by the bill had to find a way to make

1056
00:56:48,719 --> 00:56:52,360
Speaker 1: it unreasonable, and the time honored tradition of shady rich bastards,

1057
00:56:52,400 --> 00:56:55,520
Speaker 1: they decided to smear widely. Since his data was impeccable,

1058
00:56:55,719 --> 00:56:59,760
Speaker 1: they went after him for hating freedom dead. Yeah, baby,

1059
00:56:59,800 --> 00:57:03,480
Speaker 1: they're how you do it. That's how you do America.

1060
00:57:04,200 --> 00:57:09,000
Speaker 1: You do it man our freedom to poor people. Saw does.

1061
00:57:10,040 --> 00:57:14,640
Speaker 1: It's extremely funny. Dudley and Co. Canned Goods used the

1062
00:57:14,640 --> 00:57:18,280
Speaker 1: Grocery World magazine to publish editorials attacking Whiley as the

1063
00:57:18,400 --> 00:57:21,600
Speaker 1: nation's janitor, which it's hard to make that seem he

1064
00:57:21,640 --> 00:57:26,160
Speaker 1: wants to clean things out. Yeah, that's an insult. Is

1065
00:57:26,280 --> 00:57:29,560
Speaker 1: just like, oh, you know, fucking janitor is always going around.

1066
00:57:29,600 --> 00:57:31,560
Speaker 1: He's like those guys who stop us from living in

1067
00:57:31,560 --> 00:57:37,160
Speaker 1: our own ship exactly, so I'm trying to wipe my ass. Mom,

1068
00:57:38,760 --> 00:57:41,760
Speaker 1: I like it like this. The idea is that he

1069
00:57:41,840 --> 00:57:44,680
Speaker 1: was a busy body policing the American stomach and again

1070
00:57:44,720 --> 00:57:48,160
Speaker 1: attacking freedom. During one industry event where Wiley meets with

1071
00:57:48,200 --> 00:57:51,560
Speaker 1: food company representatives, he's accused in person by the owner

1072
00:57:51,600 --> 00:57:53,800
Speaker 1: of a Canary for wanting to be dictator of the

1073
00:57:53,840 --> 00:57:58,640
Speaker 1: food industry. Mr Stalin trying to stop us from putting

1074
00:57:58,720 --> 00:58:02,800
Speaker 1: sawdust in the bread and piss in the whiskey, fucking

1075
00:58:02,880 --> 00:58:05,880
Speaker 1: stalling over here. It was just like, I don't like

1076
00:58:05,960 --> 00:58:11,160
Speaker 1: when children die from poison. Man his mother, But what

1077
00:58:11,160 --> 00:58:13,320
Speaker 1: does he think he is the tsarre trying to stop

1078
00:58:13,400 --> 00:58:19,480
Speaker 1: kids from dying from milk? Oh Man? Much of this

1079
00:58:19,480 --> 00:58:24,480
Speaker 1: this is amazing because like it's just so America. It's

1080
00:58:24,600 --> 00:58:29,840
Speaker 1: so American. It's American. You can't be more American than

1081
00:58:29,880 --> 00:58:34,400
Speaker 1: people literally spending like the equivalent of millions of dollars

1082
00:58:34,800 --> 00:58:38,400
Speaker 1: to just be like, I gotta feed them the poison.

1083
00:58:38,600 --> 00:58:40,880
Speaker 1: I gotta do it. I don't care that this has

1084
00:58:40,920 --> 00:58:43,200
Speaker 1: costing me more money than taking the poison out. And

1085
00:58:43,360 --> 00:58:46,800
Speaker 1: guess what, freedom, I love it. You love to see it.

1086
00:58:47,000 --> 00:58:50,560
Speaker 1: We love to see it. We've always been the same. Yeah. Now,

1087
00:58:50,560 --> 00:58:54,080
Speaker 1: whiley was not purely concerned with food here or with

1088
00:58:54,120 --> 00:58:56,800
Speaker 1: like the raw ingredients that people generally consider food, And

1089
00:58:56,840 --> 00:58:59,480
Speaker 1: in fact, as this law came closer and closer to passing,

1090
00:58:59,480 --> 00:59:02,280
Speaker 1: he was in recently getting and getting involved in something

1091
00:59:02,320 --> 00:59:04,680
Speaker 1: that had become a source of substantial profits for the

1092
00:59:04,680 --> 00:59:08,080
Speaker 1: biggest players in the industry. Whitely was now obsessed with

1093
00:59:08,080 --> 00:59:11,760
Speaker 1: the use of new and experimental preservatives on various food stuffs.

1094
00:59:11,880 --> 00:59:13,520
Speaker 1: Now some of them were like what we've talked about,

1095
00:59:13,520 --> 00:59:16,560
Speaker 1: based on formaldehyde, like freezing um, but there were a

1096
00:59:16,560 --> 00:59:19,840
Speaker 1: whole bunch of other different, not all preservatives, new food additives.

1097
00:59:19,840 --> 00:59:22,040
Speaker 1: This is the period in which people start to adulterate food,

1098
00:59:22,160 --> 00:59:24,680
Speaker 1: when you can your first processed meats, and these companies

1099
00:59:24,720 --> 00:59:27,000
Speaker 1: are putting stuff in for flavor and to preserve it,

1100
00:59:27,400 --> 00:59:30,720
Speaker 1: and there's no regulation for any of this at this point.

1101
00:59:30,760 --> 00:59:33,840
Speaker 1: And this is really concerning to Wiley. The Poison Squad

1102
00:59:33,920 --> 00:59:36,360
Speaker 1: describes the birth of this subset of the chemical industry,

1103
00:59:36,360 --> 00:59:38,480
Speaker 1: and a paragraph that you may recognize some of the

1104
00:59:38,560 --> 00:59:43,560
Speaker 1: names from. In addition to preservatives, companies developed synthetic compounds

1105
00:59:43,560 --> 00:59:47,040
Speaker 1: to make food production cheaper. The sweetener saccharine, discovered in

1106
00:59:47,080 --> 00:59:50,000
Speaker 1: eighteen seventy nine at Johns Hopkins University, cost far less

1107
00:59:50,000 --> 00:59:52,200
Speaker 1: than sugar and quickly replaced it as it cost saving.

1108
00:59:52,200 --> 00:59:55,960
Speaker 1: Alternative flavoring agents such as laboratory brood, citric acid, or

1109
00:59:55,960 --> 00:59:58,160
Speaker 1: peppermint extracts could now be used in drinks and other

1110
00:59:58,200 --> 01:00:01,480
Speaker 1: products instead of fresh lemon, juice, mint against saving costs

1111
01:00:01,480 --> 01:00:03,800
Speaker 1: and again crowding the farmer out of the supply chain.

1112
01:00:04,160 --> 01:00:07,760
Speaker 1: The pioneering and just industrial chemist Charles Feiser, who had

1113
01:00:07,800 --> 01:00:10,560
Speaker 1: founded his New York pharmaceutical company in eighteen forty nine,

1114
01:00:10,720 --> 01:00:13,760
Speaker 1: now also produced borax, boric acid, cream of tartar, and

1115
01:00:13,760 --> 01:00:16,160
Speaker 1: citric acid for use in food and drink. They loved

1116
01:00:16,160 --> 01:00:19,080
Speaker 1: putting boax and ship like dozes so high it would

1117
01:00:19,160 --> 01:00:23,800
Speaker 1: kill people. It was great. Chicago's Joseph Bauer, whose Liquid

1118
01:00:23,840 --> 01:00:27,160
Speaker 1: Carbonic company produced the pressurized gas used in the fizzing

1119
01:00:27,240 --> 01:00:29,880
Speaker 1: drinks of soda fountains, had become so interested in artificial

1120
01:00:29,880 --> 01:00:32,240
Speaker 1: sweeteners that in nineteen o one he had invested in

1121
01:00:32,240 --> 01:00:35,520
Speaker 1: a new business in St. Louis, the Monsanto Chemical Company,

1122
01:00:35,600 --> 01:00:39,040
Speaker 1: to produce saccer and in large quantities. Saccerin production had

1123
01:00:39,080 --> 01:00:41,560
Speaker 1: also launched the Hayden Chemical Works of New York City

1124
01:00:41,560 --> 01:00:44,280
Speaker 1: and nineteen hundred, although that company also branched into the

1125
01:00:44,280 --> 01:00:48,440
Speaker 1: preservative market, producing salicidic acid, formaldehyde, and sodium benzoate for

1126
01:00:48,560 --> 01:00:50,720
Speaker 1: use in food and drinks. The food and drink market

1127
01:00:50,760 --> 01:00:54,120
Speaker 1: also attracted Herbert Henry Dow founder at age thirty one,

1128
01:00:54,120 --> 01:00:57,439
Speaker 1: if the Dow Chemical Company in Midlands, Michigan now would

1129
01:00:57,440 --> 01:01:00,280
Speaker 1: been a chemistry student at the Case Institute of Technology

1130
01:01:00,640 --> 01:01:03,000
Speaker 1: in Cleveland, Ohio. Yeah, he so he creates now Chemical

1131
01:01:03,000 --> 01:01:05,480
Speaker 1: company in Sea. All of these guys this is where

1132
01:01:05,480 --> 01:01:07,720
Speaker 1: they get their start, like shooting ship into food. And

1133
01:01:08,640 --> 01:01:10,520
Speaker 1: while he's not wanting to, like, you're not saying we

1134
01:01:10,520 --> 01:01:12,080
Speaker 1: should ban all this. He's not some sort of like

1135
01:01:12,120 --> 01:01:14,880
Speaker 1: hippie fanatic, but he's like, we shouldn't know what these

1136
01:01:15,000 --> 01:01:17,080
Speaker 1: Number one, people need to know if these are in

1137
01:01:17,120 --> 01:01:19,400
Speaker 1: their food, right, Like you should have to tell people.

1138
01:01:19,440 --> 01:01:21,240
Speaker 1: I'm not gonna say you can't put citric acid or

1139
01:01:21,240 --> 01:01:24,240
Speaker 1: sony innate and food, but people should know, right Like

1140
01:01:24,280 --> 01:01:27,160
Speaker 1: that's that we should be doing that. And also we

1141
01:01:27,200 --> 01:01:29,760
Speaker 1: should figure out if this stuff like the food, the

1142
01:01:29,800 --> 01:01:32,480
Speaker 1: people putting this in food should be showing that it's

1143
01:01:32,520 --> 01:01:35,760
Speaker 1: not harmful, like they should be funding research to make which,

1144
01:01:36,080 --> 01:01:39,280
Speaker 1: as we'll talk about, becomes problematic, right, um, but it

1145
01:01:39,400 --> 01:01:41,920
Speaker 1: is a good idea that like, well, we can't just

1146
01:01:42,160 --> 01:01:44,640
Speaker 1: start shooting this stuff into food. We should know what

1147
01:01:44,760 --> 01:01:47,480
Speaker 1: it does right now. The people who are and there's

1148
01:01:47,480 --> 01:01:49,760
Speaker 1: a lot of scientists who are like not, like we

1149
01:01:49,800 --> 01:01:52,360
Speaker 1: don't need to be doing this, like the preservative stop

1150
01:01:52,400 --> 01:01:54,880
Speaker 1: the food from spoiling. Do we need to study what else?

1151
01:01:54,920 --> 01:01:56,840
Speaker 1: They do? We know how bad spoiled meat is. And

1152
01:01:56,840 --> 01:01:58,400
Speaker 1: they do have a point in this period where it's

1153
01:01:58,400 --> 01:02:01,240
Speaker 1: like we know it's this ship's so many kids a year,

1154
01:02:01,560 --> 01:02:05,400
Speaker 1: Like do we care if they get sick forty years later, right,

1155
01:02:05,480 --> 01:02:08,680
Speaker 1: which is like forty years that's the entire lifespan of

1156
01:02:08,720 --> 01:02:12,080
Speaker 1: a human, they'll be fine. Yeah, it's like you got

1157
01:02:12,080 --> 01:02:13,680
Speaker 1: to take the good with the bad here. I I

1158
01:02:14,200 --> 01:02:16,720
Speaker 1: understand a little bit of it. Or they're just like listen,

1159
01:02:16,720 --> 01:02:20,000
Speaker 1: they're not getting the food born illnesses and you know, yeah,

1160
01:02:20,080 --> 01:02:22,040
Speaker 1: their skin is like orange now and one of their

1161
01:02:22,120 --> 01:02:25,280
Speaker 1: lungs fell out, but like like whatever, they're alive. All

1162
01:02:25,320 --> 01:02:30,640
Speaker 1: these kids them were milk exactly. Harvey Wiley was not

1163
01:02:30,720 --> 01:02:34,000
Speaker 1: particularly good at the give and take compromise nature of politics.

1164
01:02:34,000 --> 01:02:36,160
Speaker 1: He was too much of a scientist, and so he's

1165
01:02:36,240 --> 01:02:38,080
Speaker 1: he one of the reasons this law has trouble passing,

1166
01:02:38,080 --> 01:02:39,920
Speaker 1: a lot of people will argue is that he's not

1167
01:02:39,960 --> 01:02:42,520
Speaker 1: willing to kind of like give any back. Um. And

1168
01:02:42,560 --> 01:02:45,959
Speaker 1: he's he's as adamant about like wanting strict laws about

1169
01:02:45,960 --> 01:02:48,040
Speaker 1: preservatives as he is about like what we should be

1170
01:02:48,040 --> 01:02:50,840
Speaker 1: pasteurizing milk. Right, And there's a good point to be making,

1171
01:02:50,960 --> 01:02:53,720
Speaker 1: like no pasteurizing milk is like get that done first, right,

1172
01:02:53,720 --> 01:02:57,160
Speaker 1: it's more of a priority to do this ship. Um.

1173
01:02:57,200 --> 01:02:59,800
Speaker 1: And so in the end, the pure Food Law only passes,

1174
01:02:59,840 --> 01:03:03,360
Speaker 1: but because Upton Sinclair's book causes this national outrage which

1175
01:03:03,400 --> 01:03:06,800
Speaker 1: prompts Teddy Roosevelt to champion the bill personally, and it passes.

1176
01:03:07,440 --> 01:03:10,080
Speaker 1: The Pure Food Law was the first major victory and

1177
01:03:10,120 --> 01:03:13,040
Speaker 1: the war to ensure Americans actually knew what the funk

1178
01:03:13,120 --> 01:03:16,920
Speaker 1: they were eating and cheap food you actually ate food

1179
01:03:18,160 --> 01:03:21,920
Speaker 1: as opposed to pure poison in a sax. It was

1180
01:03:21,960 --> 01:03:26,520
Speaker 1: followed in night. Yeah, just a completely like self inflicted wound,

1181
01:03:26,920 --> 01:03:30,040
Speaker 1: like this war that we created on ourselves. Oh good,

1182
01:03:30,160 --> 01:03:33,240
Speaker 1: it's very funny. Yeah. Now, the pure Food Law was

1183
01:03:33,280 --> 01:03:36,120
Speaker 1: the first major victory in the war to ensure Americans

1184
01:03:36,160 --> 01:03:38,480
Speaker 1: actually like yeah again, had any idea what they were eating.

1185
01:03:38,840 --> 01:03:41,480
Speaker 1: It was followed in nineteen thirty eight by the passing

1186
01:03:41,520 --> 01:03:44,880
Speaker 1: of the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act, which established the

1187
01:03:44,880 --> 01:03:47,360
Speaker 1: Food and Drug Administration for the first time. So that's

1188
01:03:47,360 --> 01:03:49,680
Speaker 1: when the ninety eight you know six, we get the

1189
01:03:49,680 --> 01:03:52,120
Speaker 1: Pure Food Law, which lays the groundwork for the f

1190
01:03:52,240 --> 01:03:54,720
Speaker 1: d A. The FDA comes int into being in thirty eight,

1191
01:03:55,120 --> 01:03:59,720
Speaker 1: and initially when it started, it's funded entirely by taxpayer money, right,

1192
01:04:00,000 --> 01:04:02,120
Speaker 1: and it is invested with the you might say sacred

1193
01:04:02,120 --> 01:04:06,880
Speaker 1: authority to protect us consumers from the businesses making their food. Um.

1194
01:04:06,920 --> 01:04:10,200
Speaker 1: This is a titanic step forward, and it's cementson into

1195
01:04:10,200 --> 01:04:13,400
Speaker 1: the wildcat era of tainted milk, fake coffee, arsenic and

1196
01:04:13,480 --> 01:04:16,000
Speaker 1: lead riddled candy. It's a huge deal. Now a lot

1197
01:04:16,040 --> 01:04:18,000
Speaker 1: of stuff had started to get started to get fixed

1198
01:04:18,000 --> 01:04:22,720
Speaker 1: in nineteen o six, obviously, Um, but nineteen making the

1199
01:04:22,760 --> 01:04:25,120
Speaker 1: f d A is a huge move forward and a

1200
01:04:25,240 --> 01:04:28,600
Speaker 1: very good It was absolutely necessary, I want to established

1201
01:04:28,600 --> 01:04:30,880
Speaker 1: before we tear it down in the next episode. We

1202
01:04:31,000 --> 01:04:33,480
Speaker 1: had to have something like this, like you could not

1203
01:04:33,880 --> 01:04:36,320
Speaker 1: it's I don't care how much of a fucking libertarian is.

1204
01:04:36,440 --> 01:04:38,920
Speaker 1: You can't let that state of affairs go on the market.

1205
01:04:39,360 --> 01:04:42,480
Speaker 1: We have proved the market cannot correct itself with this.

1206
01:04:43,040 --> 01:04:46,160
Speaker 1: It's just so much cheaper to feed people poison, not

1207
01:04:46,360 --> 01:04:50,200
Speaker 1: the market would rather spend more money on continuing the

1208
01:04:50,240 --> 01:04:55,880
Speaker 1: poison trade. People can't stop him. You can't stop him.

1209
01:04:55,920 --> 01:04:59,400
Speaker 1: You can't stop a guy from all the people he's

1210
01:04:59,440 --> 01:05:03,040
Speaker 1: feeling good for. You know, the f d A starts

1211
01:05:03,160 --> 01:05:06,560
Speaker 1: as a beautiful, necessary thing. And then in the nineteen eighties,

1212
01:05:06,600 --> 01:05:09,920
Speaker 1: about a century after Dr Wiley's journey began, the bright

1213
01:05:10,000 --> 01:05:12,320
Speaker 1: dream of the Food and Drug Administration began to go

1214
01:05:12,480 --> 01:05:15,240
Speaker 1: terribly wrong. But Matt, we're gonna talk about that in

1215
01:05:15,280 --> 01:05:22,120
Speaker 1: part two. Oh sure, sure, Uh yeah. The pod Yourself

1216
01:05:22,120 --> 01:05:26,120
Speaker 1: a Gun in the World's Only Sopranos podcast is out now,

1217
01:05:26,280 --> 01:05:28,920
Speaker 1: and check out the film Drunk Broadcast. Also, I'm on

1218
01:05:29,080 --> 01:05:32,760
Speaker 1: I'm on Instagram. Uh follow me at Matt leap jokes.

1219
01:05:32,800 --> 01:05:34,560
Speaker 1: I need more of those. You know, no one gives

1220
01:05:34,560 --> 01:05:37,160
Speaker 1: a shit about my Twitter anymore, you know, Yeah, follow

1221
01:05:37,280 --> 01:05:41,120
Speaker 1: him and Matt Leap jokes. Follow him, follow me, people

1222
01:05:41,160 --> 01:05:44,240
Speaker 1: send him pictures of your milk. Graham, I think people

1223
01:05:44,280 --> 01:05:46,360
Speaker 1: just care more about the Graham. You know, it just

1224
01:05:46,560 --> 01:05:49,880
Speaker 1: needs a shame because it Beyonce. I don't know if

1225
01:05:49,920 --> 01:05:52,920
Speaker 1: she's on the Graham. I assume so's the robber must

1226
01:05:52,960 --> 01:05:56,120
Speaker 1: be right, amateur. Also, like my Twitter, I do not

1227
01:05:56,240 --> 01:05:58,720
Speaker 1: have a Graham. I used to have a blue checkmark,

1228
01:05:58,800 --> 01:06:00,760
Speaker 1: but I got it taken away on Twitter, and I

1229
01:06:00,800 --> 01:06:04,840
Speaker 1: hope to get one your blue check work away Twitter

1230
01:06:04,920 --> 01:06:11,320
Speaker 1: did because I pretended to be The New York Times. Yeah. Yeah,

1231
01:06:11,480 --> 01:06:13,440
Speaker 1: you're not allowed to do that apparently, but it was

1232
01:06:13,480 --> 01:06:15,760
Speaker 1: a great post. It was you know, I mean, I

1233
01:06:15,840 --> 01:06:18,480
Speaker 1: do love that for you, like I love I think

1234
01:06:18,520 --> 01:06:20,800
Speaker 1: my favorite example of that issue it's the lady from

1235
01:06:20,840 --> 01:06:24,320
Speaker 1: I Think You Should Leave, who did the the I

1236
01:06:24,440 --> 01:06:27,560
Speaker 1: Can't get enough wine like that that that's She's been

1237
01:06:27,560 --> 01:06:30,000
Speaker 1: in a few of them, but she did. It was

1238
01:06:30,040 --> 01:06:33,040
Speaker 1: like when Oreos did some sort of Pride month think

1239
01:06:33,160 --> 01:06:37,360
Speaker 1: she uh pretended to Benila Wafers using her checkmark and

1240
01:06:37,520 --> 01:06:41,560
Speaker 1: was like, Nilla Wafers, we don't like bisexual people think

1241
01:06:41,600 --> 01:06:44,960
Speaker 1: you're not allowed to eat her cookies something like that.

1242
01:06:45,040 --> 01:06:48,240
Speaker 1: It was very funny and that's why she's not on

1243
01:06:48,280 --> 01:06:52,480
Speaker 1: Twitter anymore. I love it, Nilla Wafers taken strays from me.

1244
01:06:55,880 --> 01:06:57,560
Speaker 1: I should note people are going to give a ship

1245
01:06:57,680 --> 01:06:59,520
Speaker 1: every because they do every time we like make jokes

1246
01:06:59,520 --> 01:07:03,000
Speaker 1: about dying at forty. Obviously, the way lifespans work is

1247
01:07:03,000 --> 01:07:05,040
Speaker 1: that so many kids died as babies once. If you

1248
01:07:05,200 --> 01:07:06,800
Speaker 1: made it to an adulthood, you had a pretty good

1249
01:07:06,840 --> 01:07:08,840
Speaker 1: chance of at least making it to like fifty or sixty.

1250
01:07:09,400 --> 01:07:11,680
Speaker 1: People made it to their seventies. Yes, it's true. It's

1251
01:07:11,680 --> 01:07:14,360
Speaker 1: funny to joke about people dying at age like being

1252
01:07:14,400 --> 01:07:16,360
Speaker 1: old at age thirty back then, because look at a

1253
01:07:16,400 --> 01:07:18,400
Speaker 1: picture of a thirty year old from the eighteen nineties.

1254
01:07:18,440 --> 01:07:21,240
Speaker 1: They look like your fucking grandpa, like covered in soot.

1255
01:07:22,080 --> 01:07:25,120
Speaker 1: They're just taking it out. It is permanently embedded soot

1256
01:07:25,200 --> 01:07:28,800
Speaker 1: in their body all. Its extremely funny how sick and

1257
01:07:28,920 --> 01:07:31,720
Speaker 1: dying everybody was back in the day. Well, you know,

1258
01:07:31,760 --> 01:07:35,160
Speaker 1: they just a society that loved poison milk. It was

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01:07:35,200 --> 01:07:37,720
Speaker 1: a whole world of people exactly as healthy as you

1260
01:07:37,880 --> 01:07:42,840
Speaker 1: here Bolson Yaro, just constantly getting their dudoo backed up

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01:07:42,880 --> 01:07:45,440
Speaker 1: and being like, well are you and ship out of

1262
01:07:45,480 --> 01:07:51,560
Speaker 1: their noses because there's so much poop in the milk. Again,

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01:07:51,600 --> 01:07:53,919
Speaker 1: But first I gotta run by this emu and see

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01:07:53,960 --> 01:07:59,440
Speaker 1: if you'll punch me in the throat. Um boy, um

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01:07:59,480 --> 01:08:02,040
Speaker 1: so yeah. Find matt Leeb on Twitter. Also, I have

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01:08:02,160 --> 01:08:05,000
Speaker 1: a fiction novel, my book After the Revolution. You can

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01:08:05,000 --> 01:08:06,480
Speaker 1: find it for free. Is an e book at a

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01:08:06,520 --> 01:08:08,720
Speaker 1: tr book dot com. But it's also available for pre

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01:08:08,880 --> 01:08:11,400
Speaker 1: order through a K Press. If you order now, you

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01:08:11,400 --> 01:08:13,960
Speaker 1: will get a signed copy. So just google a k

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01:08:14,120 --> 01:08:17,000
Speaker 1: Press after the Revolution preorder my book. It will come

1272
01:08:17,000 --> 01:08:18,800
Speaker 1: out in May and you'll get it signed a k

1273
01:08:18,960 --> 01:08:22,040
Speaker 1: Press after the Revolution. Um google it and you'll find

1274
01:08:22,040 --> 01:08:25,040
Speaker 1: the pre order page. I'm pre ordering it right now.

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01:08:25,240 --> 01:08:29,320
Speaker 1: And we have a behind the bast livestream. God so

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01:08:29,400 --> 01:08:35,320
Speaker 1: much to plug ship Okay with prop on Anuary seventeen. Okay,

1277
01:08:35,479 --> 01:08:39,200
Speaker 1: get tickets at momenthouse dot com. Slash it will be

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01:08:39,280 --> 01:08:42,000
Speaker 1: a good episode, probably. I haven't written it yet. There

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01:08:43,120 --> 01:08:46,760
Speaker 1: I will, I think, so that's probable. I might even

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01:08:46,760 --> 01:08:49,639
Speaker 1: have an episode written alright,