WEBVTT - The Strain: Dissecting del Toro's Vampires

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff

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<v Speaker 1>Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind.

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<v Speaker 1>My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Christian Seger. And

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<v Speaker 1>in this episode, we're talking about the a little book series,

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<v Speaker 1>a little TV show, a little franchise known as The Strain. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>so this is something that Giermo del Toro originally came

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<v Speaker 1>out with as a series of novels with Chuck Hogan. Uh,

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<v Speaker 1>and it is primarily you know, we're gonna try not

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<v Speaker 1>to spoil this story for anybody during this episode. It's

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<v Speaker 1>primarily about vampires, but they have a very particular kind

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<v Speaker 1>of biology that's unique to this story. So what we

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<v Speaker 1>were thinking was that we could take a look at

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<v Speaker 1>that and how it relates to the biology of actual

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<v Speaker 1>parasites and vampire like creatures in nature. Yeah, it's kind

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<v Speaker 1>of in the same vein with some past episodes we've

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<v Speaker 1>done with Monster of the Week blog series, Monster Science

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<v Speaker 1>video series, that sort of thing. And uh, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>I know some of you out there I love The Strain.

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<v Speaker 1>Some of you out there may hate The Strain, and

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<v Speaker 1>a number of you have no idea what we're talking about.

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<v Speaker 1>Perhaps you end up checking some of it out because

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<v Speaker 1>of this episode. But but we're gonna use the show.

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<v Speaker 1>We're gonna use the books, which you've read, but I

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<v Speaker 1>have not. I have. Yeah, I've read the books, and

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<v Speaker 1>I've read the comics, and I've watched the first season, okay,

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<v Speaker 1>and I've watched the first and second season up until

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<v Speaker 1>like this right where yeah, where it's that now? So

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<v Speaker 1>we're not gonna we're not gonna get into spoilers related

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<v Speaker 1>what happens to characters in the book or on the

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<v Speaker 1>TV show. We are going to discuss the biology of

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<v Speaker 1>the fictional creature so as to discuss real world comparisons.

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<v Speaker 1>But but that's about it. So if you want, like

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<v Speaker 1>if you want to enter into the show just on

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<v Speaker 1>purist unspoiled, then I guess you should skip this episode

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<v Speaker 1>and come back to it later. But but for the

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<v Speaker 1>most part, you don't have to worry. Yeah, So for

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<v Speaker 1>the most part, what we're gonna do is stick to

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<v Speaker 1>the biology of these things. And I think I could

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<v Speaker 1>place to start is with Del Toro himself. So if

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<v Speaker 1>you're not familiar with his movies, Del Toro is I

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<v Speaker 1>think it's fair to call him a horror mastermind. Or

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<v Speaker 1>at least he's considered one. He's done movies about vampires before,

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<v Speaker 1>He's done of fantasy kind of fairytale movies, movies about demons.

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<v Speaker 1>He's very into the gothic horror supernatural genre. Uh, he's

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<v Speaker 1>has he done. He's also done some stuff that isn't supernatural, though, right,

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<v Speaker 1>I feel like has he I don't know that he has.

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<v Speaker 1>I feel like like even his you know, he has

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<v Speaker 1>these two types of films. He has the more personal,

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<v Speaker 1>artsy films and then the bigger budget stuff. But they

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<v Speaker 1>all seem to have monsters in them. Maybe he has

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<v Speaker 1>a monster free um film out there. I am totally

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<v Speaker 1>forgetting it. Yeah, I am too. Maybe maybe I'm I'm

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<v Speaker 1>wrong on this, but yeah. So the first two vampire

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<v Speaker 1>movies that he worked on, though, the first one was Chronos,

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<v Speaker 1>which is what like twenty years old at this point,

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<v Speaker 1>the first future film, yeah uh, and then he also

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<v Speaker 1>directed the classic Blade, to which I love. Yeah, I'm

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<v Speaker 1>a fan as well. And uh, there is a particular

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<v Speaker 1>kind of vampire and both of these that sort of

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<v Speaker 1>we can look back to as the you know, uh

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<v Speaker 1>vampire for Del Toro's Vampires in the Strain before we

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<v Speaker 1>get into that. I think it's really interesting. There's a

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<v Speaker 1>quote by him where he talks about why he was

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<v Speaker 1>interested in creating the show in the first place, and

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<v Speaker 1>he said that since he was a little kid, he's

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<v Speaker 1>always kept a notebook full of ideas about vampire mutations, biology, sociology,

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<v Speaker 1>and mythology. So this is just something he's been thinking

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<v Speaker 1>about since he was a child. He knows, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>he put he put some of it in Chronos, he

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<v Speaker 1>put some of it in Blade, But he really wanted

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<v Speaker 1>the strain to be like his his opus on vampires. Yeah, yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>he and you and you really get that from these properties,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, like, well, whatever failings there might be regarding

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<v Speaker 1>you know, the main characters in this or that, or

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<v Speaker 1>or the you know, the plot or the narrative, you

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<v Speaker 1>can't thought the monsters because the man, the man loves

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<v Speaker 1>his monsters. And it's it's it's clear the amount of

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<v Speaker 1>work he puts into it, the people that he brings

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<v Speaker 1>into design, like he's always bringing in such a fantastic

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<v Speaker 1>team of artists, And I understand he sets up when

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<v Speaker 1>when he's developing any of these properties, he sets up

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<v Speaker 1>in the middle of the art department, like it's not

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<v Speaker 1>another room. He's there in the middle of its saying

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<v Speaker 1>that's great. That's I believe. That's his background is that

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<v Speaker 1>he worked in television, I want to say, in Spanish

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<v Speaker 1>language television as like an art director before he started

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<v Speaker 1>directing and writing himself. But yeah, have you ever looked

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<v Speaker 1>at um there? They may even have published a version

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<v Speaker 1>of this of his notebooks there fascinating, Like each each

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<v Speaker 1>project he works on, he just fills a notebook with

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<v Speaker 1>drawings and little writings and scribblings. And he's an amazing

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<v Speaker 1>artist as well, so you get to see kind of

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<v Speaker 1>his ideas for how these things flesh out, literally flesh out,

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<v Speaker 1>because these really into them. Yes, but I mean it

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<v Speaker 1>seems like there's always a monster autopsy scene and any

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<v Speaker 1>film he does which is which is perfect, absolutely, and

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<v Speaker 1>he is seriously got an obsession with jaws and mandibles

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<v Speaker 1>and tongues like pretty much everything. I remember watching Pacific

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<v Speaker 1>rim which is what that's the last major feature that

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<v Speaker 1>he came out with. And yeah, and even the giant

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<v Speaker 1>monsters in that that the Kaiju had these like mandibles

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<v Speaker 1>that separated off of their face and these huge tongues

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<v Speaker 1>that shot out. He's he's really into that. Yeah. I

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<v Speaker 1>but I believe most of his recent films he's brought in.

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<v Speaker 1>Wayne Barlow is one of the artists. Is of course

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<v Speaker 1>his work designing alien physiologies and demonic physiologies all based

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<v Speaker 1>on a background that he and his parents had in

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<v Speaker 1>uh in in in Natural World Illustrations. This is Wayne Barlow. Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>But Wayne Barlow's work is just so I mean, you

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<v Speaker 1>believe and he designed that he gives you it feels

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<v Speaker 1>like a real, actually creature that you've just never witnessed before. Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>So his his team that he works with, that he's

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<v Speaker 1>kind of he's assembled this like a team over the

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<v Speaker 1>years of working on project. But Wayne Barlow is a mainstay. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>And then another guy who I'm a fan of his,

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<v Speaker 1>Guy Davis, who is a comic book illustrator who's worked

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<v Speaker 1>on stuff like the bpr D, his own book, The Marquee. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>And he did a really interesting one of his first

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<v Speaker 1>comics was like a punk rock take on Sherlock Holmes

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<v Speaker 1>if Sherlock Holmes was a woman in the seventies who

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<v Speaker 1>was a punk rocker. It was fascinating. Uh. It's good stuff.

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<v Speaker 1>But guy is also just an amazing concept artist, and

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<v Speaker 1>so he's designed monsters as well along with that team

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<v Speaker 1>with Wayne, and then looking at the research that we

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<v Speaker 1>had for this episode, there were two guys in particular

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<v Speaker 1>that seemed to work with them on the actual special

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<v Speaker 1>effects and makeup. It was Steve Newberne and Sean Sansom,

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<v Speaker 1>or the team on the at least the first season

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<v Speaker 1>of The Strain, they were responsible for a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>the practical special effects. Now just go back to Chronos

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<v Speaker 1>and Blade Too for a second. Um. In Chronos, we

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<v Speaker 1>saw Vamporism as this kind of hybrid of an you know,

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<v Speaker 1>alchemical insect clockwork contraption that was pretty interesting, like it

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<v Speaker 1>kind of pins to you, sinks its teeth in, and

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<v Speaker 1>begins to transformation. Yeah. I had actually forgotten the main

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<v Speaker 1>plot of that movie because it's been so long since

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<v Speaker 1>I've seen it. So I reread the summary before we

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<v Speaker 1>came into the studio, and it really immediately came back

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<v Speaker 1>to me that what stuck with me was the aesthetic

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<v Speaker 1>imagery of that clockwork bug thing, you know, piercing people

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<v Speaker 1>more and and also the like sort of marble ish

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<v Speaker 1>white translucent skin yeah of the vampire. Yeah, that that

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<v Speaker 1>definitely stuck with me, and that's something he came back

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<v Speaker 1>to Emblade too as well for the Elder Vampire, and

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<v Speaker 1>that where you have this this ancient creature that is,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, at once beautiful and ghastly that it's it's

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<v Speaker 1>taken on this nos Ferato appearance, but it also has

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<v Speaker 1>the look of like a marbled statue. So it's that

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<v Speaker 1>kind of dichotomy that I feel like he captures really well.

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<v Speaker 1>And yeah, there's he does a great job. You know,

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<v Speaker 1>this is pop culture talking about science talk, but he

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<v Speaker 1>does a great job of honoring the sort of lineage

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<v Speaker 1>of vampire stories and incorporating aspects of notes ferra To

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<v Speaker 1>or Dracula into these things, but also putting his own

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<v Speaker 1>spin on it by adding weird science, I guess is

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<v Speaker 1>the best way to put it. Yes. Yes, the reapers

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<v Speaker 1>in Blade two, which is like bad new Strain of Vampires,

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<v Speaker 1>they are even closer to what we see in the strain. Uh.

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<v Speaker 1>They have these cool mandible jaws that opened like the jaw,

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<v Speaker 1>though the lower jaw splits down the middle and becomes mandibles,

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<v Speaker 1>and then there's a probiscus type tongue that comes out

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<v Speaker 1>to pump out blood and My favorite bit, which I

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<v Speaker 1>think I mentioned in the Stigmata episode is that they

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<v Speaker 1>have hardened bone plating front and back, so the only

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<v Speaker 1>way to stab him in the heart is to go

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<v Speaker 1>into the side. Yeah, like under the armpit, right, Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>where where you get into this into the course of

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<v Speaker 1>the Catholic imagery that del Toro is really into as well. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>and uh, I think it's important to note to this

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<v Speaker 1>is also part of the strain in a number of

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<v Speaker 1>his uh designs, I suppose, but there's definitely a vagina

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<v Speaker 1>dentata theme going on with his vampire monsters, and that

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<v Speaker 1>like their monster mouth's kind of open up and have

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<v Speaker 1>teeths in a way that like the vagina dentata mythology

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<v Speaker 1>I think represents. Yeah. I remember listening to The Blade

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<v Speaker 1>to director's commentary, Oh, I have not heard that while back,

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<v Speaker 1>because like I said, I really loved that movie came

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<v Speaker 1>out and it's one of those I could probably watch anytime.

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<v Speaker 1>But I remember del Toro pointing to like different scenes

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<v Speaker 1>and saying, yes, that that door kind of looks like

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<v Speaker 1>a vagina. This is far away, it kind of looks

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<v Speaker 1>like a vagina. So who's like that Catholicism and monsters.

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<v Speaker 1>That's this thing. Did you ever see the third one? Yes,

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<v Speaker 1>because in the third one, I think they took it,

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<v Speaker 1>didn't they take his model? He did not direct it,

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<v Speaker 1>but they took his model and like applied it to

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<v Speaker 1>a Pomeranian dog. Yeah, it kind of has a cameo

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<v Speaker 1>with a Pomeranian. Yeah, just just to mock you with

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<v Speaker 1>how great that the second one was? So? All right

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<v Speaker 1>before basically, this is how we're gonna play this out.

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<v Speaker 1>We'll present to you how the vampires in the strain

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<v Speaker 1>are biologically formed, how their fictional biology works. And then

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<v Speaker 1>the second part of this episode, we're going to talk

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<v Speaker 1>about string oi, which is what they call them in

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<v Speaker 1>the series in the natural World. So everything from wasps

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<v Speaker 1>to uh, creepy worm, syphilis, you name it, we're gonna

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<v Speaker 1>try to cover it. Excellent, alright, so let's do it.

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<v Speaker 1>Let's dissect the strog i hear um. Do you want

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<v Speaker 1>to take us through this? Yeah? I will try so. Uh. There.

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<v Speaker 1>He definitely has thought out from beginning to end a

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<v Speaker 1>process through which these things go through. And it all

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<v Speaker 1>starts with a worm, this kind of capillary worm that

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<v Speaker 1>passes from one creature to another. Uh, and in the

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<v Speaker 1>case of the vampires, they you know, they bleed the

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<v Speaker 1>worms or you know, when they when they drink the

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<v Speaker 1>blood of their victims, they passed the worms onto their victims.

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<v Speaker 1>They might vomit it into your face. Yeah, is there

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<v Speaker 1>one or two of those as well? Yeah, um, I

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<v Speaker 1>mean it can really happen. Happen like any way that

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<v Speaker 1>like even if you like touch I think, like spilled

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<v Speaker 1>blood by one of these things, there's worms in it

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<v Speaker 1>that will burrow unto your skin. Yeah. They're always like

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<v Speaker 1>wiping off their swords because they with you know that

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<v Speaker 1>I corps on them with little little worms. So this

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<v Speaker 1>worm is essentially responsible for the whole fictional biology of

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<v Speaker 1>these vampires. And the way that it works is you

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<v Speaker 1>get infected by one of them, you lie in a

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<v Speaker 1>suspended state of animation for about a day, and then

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<v Speaker 1>the following night you rise as a vampire. And it's

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<v Speaker 1>so it's not like the idea of the vampire from

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<v Speaker 1>sort of past fiction where it kills the victim. They die,

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<v Speaker 1>they're buried, and then they rise. These people are still alive.

0:11:57.720 --> 0:12:01.560
<v Speaker 1>They're just undergoing like a metamorphosis. Yeah, yeah, like that definitely,

0:12:01.600 --> 0:12:05.960
<v Speaker 1>it's a situation where the parasite transforms the host um

0:12:06.000 --> 0:12:09.720
<v Speaker 1>into really a different kind of organism, and they the

0:12:09.800 --> 0:12:12.120
<v Speaker 1>primary thing, Like I think the first thing in these

0:12:12.720 --> 0:12:16.679
<v Speaker 1>vampires biology that changes is they grow a six ft

0:12:16.720 --> 0:12:20.439
<v Speaker 1>long stinger out of their mouth that fills up their

0:12:20.520 --> 0:12:23.720
<v Speaker 1>torso cavity. Uh. And I guess what's supposed to happen

0:12:23.840 --> 0:12:26.520
<v Speaker 1>is the lungs and the throat tissue all kind of

0:12:26.559 --> 0:12:30.920
<v Speaker 1>like melt down and recompose and modify into this stinger thing.

0:12:31.080 --> 0:12:34.160
<v Speaker 1>And it's hideously long too. Yeah, yeah, and it and

0:12:34.240 --> 0:12:37.360
<v Speaker 1>it uh is how they feed. They shoot it out

0:12:37.400 --> 0:12:40.400
<v Speaker 1>of their mouths and latch onto people or they also

0:12:40.600 --> 0:12:42.560
<v Speaker 1>that's how they pass on warms so other people to

0:12:42.600 --> 0:12:46.680
<v Speaker 1>spread the infection. Uh. And like the like we mentioned

0:12:46.679 --> 0:12:49.320
<v Speaker 1>with the mandibles of the blade to vampires, their jaws

0:12:49.320 --> 0:12:51.320
<v Speaker 1>are on this weird lower hinge and they kind of,

0:12:52.000 --> 0:12:54.440
<v Speaker 1>you know, drop so that the stinger has room to

0:12:54.440 --> 0:12:58.080
<v Speaker 1>come out of. And that I think in the storylines,

0:12:58.920 --> 0:13:01.200
<v Speaker 1>at least from my experience the books and the comics,

0:13:01.520 --> 0:13:03.280
<v Speaker 1>I think it takes like that's the first thing, Like

0:13:03.320 --> 0:13:05.760
<v Speaker 1>within eight hours you've got a stinger, and you might

0:13:05.800 --> 0:13:07.760
<v Speaker 1>still have a little bit of your personality. But then

0:13:07.760 --> 0:13:11.760
<v Speaker 1>it takes seven days for this other set of of

0:13:11.920 --> 0:13:15.600
<v Speaker 1>traits to change within your body. So, uh, your skin

0:13:15.679 --> 0:13:20.280
<v Speaker 1>becomes opaque, your digestive system gets fused together. Uh, the

0:13:20.360 --> 0:13:23.640
<v Speaker 1>stinger forms. Of course, you lose your hair and your

0:13:23.640 --> 0:13:27.959
<v Speaker 1>fingernails and your nose and also your genitals and ears.

0:13:28.040 --> 0:13:31.840
<v Speaker 1>So the vampires are are sexless kind of Uh, they're

0:13:31.880 --> 0:13:34.160
<v Speaker 1>they're very machine like you in a lot of ways. Right,

0:13:34.200 --> 0:13:37.320
<v Speaker 1>They just kind of dump all of the non essentials

0:13:37.320 --> 0:13:39.959
<v Speaker 1>of the human body. Uh, and then their fingers grow

0:13:39.960 --> 0:13:42.080
<v Speaker 1>into talent like things, which I don't know if they

0:13:42.120 --> 0:13:44.200
<v Speaker 1>use them as weapons as much as they do for

0:13:44.280 --> 0:13:46.760
<v Speaker 1>like crawling around on walls and stuff. Right, Yeah, I

0:13:46.760 --> 0:13:49.160
<v Speaker 1>think in the show you you do see them use

0:13:49.679 --> 0:13:52.439
<v Speaker 1>less as weapons, because I mean they got that stinger, right, Yeah,

0:13:52.480 --> 0:13:55.200
<v Speaker 1>why would you don't have to use your close So

0:13:55.320 --> 0:13:57.800
<v Speaker 1>the idea then is that, you know, after seven nights,

0:13:57.800 --> 0:14:01.880
<v Speaker 1>they're fully formed into these sort of hairless, white stinger

0:14:02.000 --> 0:14:05.520
<v Speaker 1>beasts that troll around and you know, kill humans and

0:14:05.559 --> 0:14:07.560
<v Speaker 1>turn them into more vampires. And most of them are

0:14:07.640 --> 0:14:11.040
<v Speaker 1>kind of zombie like as apt to the very few

0:14:11.240 --> 0:14:16.120
<v Speaker 1>who have like a rational mind. Yeah, within the fictional world,

0:14:16.160 --> 0:14:19.040
<v Speaker 1>I'd say like there's only like two or three maybe

0:14:19.080 --> 0:14:24.960
<v Speaker 1>vampires that have sort of control or or individuality. The

0:14:25.000 --> 0:14:27.240
<v Speaker 1>rest of them sort of turned into this hive mind

0:14:27.320 --> 0:14:31.800
<v Speaker 1>of of almost like insects. Actually. Um So there are

0:14:31.840 --> 0:14:34.320
<v Speaker 1>a couple of ways that they used science, or they

0:14:34.360 --> 0:14:37.600
<v Speaker 1>tried to use science. It's kind of hokey pseudoscience, you know,

0:14:37.840 --> 0:14:41.000
<v Speaker 1>sometimes when when fiction meets science, you have to you

0:14:41.000 --> 0:14:42.640
<v Speaker 1>have to build the bridge a little bit between it.

0:14:42.840 --> 0:14:44.800
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, and I certainly I think this is the

0:14:44.840 --> 0:14:46.680
<v Speaker 1>best part about the strain too. There was a lot

0:14:46.720 --> 0:14:50.239
<v Speaker 1>of attention put into this. But uh so the mythology

0:14:50.240 --> 0:14:54.040
<v Speaker 1>of vampires being vulnerable to silver, that's because silver has

0:14:54.080 --> 0:14:58.880
<v Speaker 1>an anti viral bacterial quality that disinfects these worms and

0:14:59.000 --> 0:15:03.600
<v Speaker 1>is somehow able to sort of burn through the tissue

0:15:03.600 --> 0:15:06.400
<v Speaker 1>that they've created. Uh And then they're also vulnerable to

0:15:06.520 --> 0:15:08.320
<v Speaker 1>UV light, which is where the you know, they can't

0:15:08.320 --> 0:15:11.080
<v Speaker 1>go into sunlight thing comes from, because the UV light

0:15:11.120 --> 0:15:14.640
<v Speaker 1>also has germicidal properties. It's on a certain kind of

0:15:14.640 --> 0:15:18.120
<v Speaker 1>wavelength that breaks down the tissue within the vampire bodies.

0:15:18.920 --> 0:15:22.480
<v Speaker 1>Um this is an interesting sort of science e thing

0:15:22.520 --> 0:15:26.200
<v Speaker 1>that del Toro thru into there. So his vampires can't vomit,

0:15:26.840 --> 0:15:30.120
<v Speaker 1>and all of their waste is excreted from a cloaca.

0:15:30.560 --> 0:15:32.920
<v Speaker 1>Uh that you know, they're they lose their genitals and

0:15:32.920 --> 0:15:36.560
<v Speaker 1>everything fuses down there into a cloaca, and their waste

0:15:36.600 --> 0:15:40.120
<v Speaker 1>is all just ammonious spray, which they usually emit while

0:15:40.160 --> 0:15:42.600
<v Speaker 1>they're eating, so like, while they're drinking the blood of

0:15:42.600 --> 0:15:45.880
<v Speaker 1>their victims, they're also spraying ammonia out behind them. And

0:15:45.920 --> 0:15:49.840
<v Speaker 1>he based this on ticks because apparently ticks have no

0:15:50.000 --> 0:15:52.640
<v Speaker 1>space inside of their bodies for the food that they eat.

0:15:52.680 --> 0:15:54.360
<v Speaker 1>So when like a tick is on you and it's

0:15:54.440 --> 0:15:57.480
<v Speaker 1>drinking your blood. This is all from Del Toro. I

0:15:57.520 --> 0:16:00.480
<v Speaker 1>didn't do tick research for this episode, but uh, he

0:16:00.520 --> 0:16:04.200
<v Speaker 1>says that they spray out their waist as they're drinking.

0:16:05.040 --> 0:16:07.680
<v Speaker 1>You know. That reminds me. I was reading about scorpions recently,

0:16:07.760 --> 0:16:10.000
<v Speaker 1>or actually it was a really cool article about the

0:16:10.040 --> 0:16:13.080
<v Speaker 1>anus and the evolution of the anus, and they mentioned

0:16:13.120 --> 0:16:15.760
<v Speaker 1>as a particular type of scorpion that can jettison its

0:16:15.800 --> 0:16:19.000
<v Speaker 1>tail when threatened, much like a lizard. Really yeah, autotomy

0:16:19.440 --> 0:16:21.880
<v Speaker 1>uh and uh And in this case though, when they

0:16:21.960 --> 0:16:24.920
<v Speaker 1>jettison their tail, they also jettison their anus, so they

0:16:24.960 --> 0:16:27.560
<v Speaker 1>can no longer defecate at that point, so they just

0:16:27.600 --> 0:16:30.600
<v Speaker 1>continue to balloon up with feces for the rest of

0:16:30.600 --> 0:16:33.240
<v Speaker 1>their life and then die from it eventually. Like there's

0:16:33.240 --> 0:16:36.360
<v Speaker 1>a toxic only here on stuff to blow your mind?

0:16:36.400 --> 0:16:40.640
<v Speaker 1>Will you go from anus to scorpion to vampire? Um?

0:16:40.680 --> 0:16:42.040
<v Speaker 1>You know, I do want to throw in real quick

0:16:42.040 --> 0:16:48.680
<v Speaker 1>that another interesting vampire myth uh tidbit that they employ

0:16:48.800 --> 0:16:53.280
<v Speaker 1>in the Strain is the whole vampires cannot cross moving

0:16:53.320 --> 0:16:56.960
<v Speaker 1>water of their own volitions, which which they never really

0:16:57.000 --> 0:16:58.960
<v Speaker 1>flesh out because it's it's kind of more of a

0:16:59.000 --> 0:17:01.760
<v Speaker 1>magical idea. But I think gets at least hinted that

0:17:01.840 --> 0:17:04.359
<v Speaker 1>this might have to do with like the evolutionary history

0:17:04.359 --> 0:17:07.040
<v Speaker 1>of the worm that like something in The Worm of

0:17:07.160 --> 0:17:10.840
<v Speaker 1>Whores moving water. There is I don't want to spoil

0:17:10.840 --> 0:17:12.800
<v Speaker 1>it for our listeners are for you, but there is

0:17:12.840 --> 0:17:16.480
<v Speaker 1>a explanation to it that comes in the third book,

0:17:16.640 --> 0:17:20.240
<v Speaker 1>I want to say, and maybe you know, I guess

0:17:20.240 --> 0:17:22.399
<v Speaker 1>if the TV shows a season for every book, it

0:17:22.400 --> 0:17:24.680
<v Speaker 1>would probably be in the third season. Well, I have

0:17:25.040 --> 0:17:27.680
<v Speaker 1>that to look for. Yeah, there is a sort of explanation.

0:17:27.760 --> 0:17:30.240
<v Speaker 1>I don't think it's science though, but I like you.

0:17:30.359 --> 0:17:34.719
<v Speaker 1>I like your idea better. Yeah, because it will end

0:17:34.760 --> 0:17:38.359
<v Speaker 1>up exploring um, you know, water moving water, parasites and

0:17:38.480 --> 0:17:42.120
<v Speaker 1>parasitositic manipulation of the host. Hugely important, hugely important. Yeah,

0:17:42.119 --> 0:17:45.280
<v Speaker 1>we do see that in the real world. So Del

0:17:45.320 --> 0:17:49.720
<v Speaker 1>Toro himself has said in interviews that he based these

0:17:49.800 --> 0:17:53.720
<v Speaker 1>worms in the strain on two real worms. The first

0:17:53.760 --> 0:17:56.000
<v Speaker 1>one is the heartworm, which we're all familiar with if

0:17:56.000 --> 0:17:57.280
<v Speaker 1>you have a pet, if you have a dog. I

0:17:57.320 --> 0:18:00.000
<v Speaker 1>just gave my dog is heartworm pill this morning. Uh

0:18:00.280 --> 0:18:02.439
<v Speaker 1>and it you know, it's a worm that lodges itself

0:18:02.440 --> 0:18:04.480
<v Speaker 1>in the heart of dogs. It's not a thing that

0:18:04.520 --> 0:18:07.320
<v Speaker 1>you want. And then the other is an old friend

0:18:07.359 --> 0:18:10.840
<v Speaker 1>of stuff to blow your mind, the horsehair worm. We

0:18:10.920 --> 0:18:13.000
<v Speaker 1>did a video about this while back, and yeah, I'll

0:18:13.040 --> 0:18:15.880
<v Speaker 1>link to it on the landing page. It is. Um.

0:18:15.920 --> 0:18:19.760
<v Speaker 1>I gotta say this episode was a little tough for

0:18:19.800 --> 0:18:23.199
<v Speaker 1>me to research. Um I really, I really feel like

0:18:23.280 --> 0:18:26.520
<v Speaker 1>I've gotten my uh my, my badge of of stuff

0:18:26.560 --> 0:18:29.560
<v Speaker 1>to blow your mind courage this week, because there's some

0:18:29.720 --> 0:18:34.440
<v Speaker 1>pretty disgusting stuff in the biology of these different parasites

0:18:34.440 --> 0:18:37.840
<v Speaker 1>and insects. And just watching the video of the horsehair

0:18:37.880 --> 0:18:40.879
<v Speaker 1>worms squirm its way out of a cricket's body is

0:18:41.440 --> 0:18:45.479
<v Speaker 1>It just gives me goose bumps. Uh, it's it's chilling,

0:18:45.600 --> 0:18:48.760
<v Speaker 1>but it's also fascinating. I definitely recommend that you go

0:18:48.920 --> 0:18:51.479
<v Speaker 1>watch that video because I had not heard of it

0:18:51.520 --> 0:18:53.840
<v Speaker 1>before you did that episode. Yeah, that was one. I

0:18:53.840 --> 0:18:55.840
<v Speaker 1>think I mentioned it in the episode that I saw

0:18:55.880 --> 0:18:58.240
<v Speaker 1>it in like a junior high band class for some girl.

0:18:58.560 --> 0:19:00.480
<v Speaker 1>You saw a real one. Yeah, yeah, Like there was

0:19:00.480 --> 0:19:03.480
<v Speaker 1>a cricket on the floor and this girl on the

0:19:03.520 --> 0:19:06.520
<v Speaker 1>clarinet section. She was acting, she was acting like all

0:19:06.880 --> 0:19:09.760
<v Speaker 1>you know, grossed out by she she stopped the cricket,

0:19:10.320 --> 0:19:12.720
<v Speaker 1>which I thought was a little at the top, but

0:19:12.760 --> 0:19:17.280
<v Speaker 1>then in perfect karma, she was then legitimately horrified by

0:19:17.280 --> 0:19:20.840
<v Speaker 1>the side of the horsehair worm emerging, you know, impossibly

0:19:20.880 --> 0:19:23.200
<v Speaker 1>long from the belly of the cricket and crawling across

0:19:23.200 --> 0:19:26.479
<v Speaker 1>the band room floor. So yeah, they are. I mean

0:19:26.600 --> 0:19:28.120
<v Speaker 1>a lot of these things that we're about to talk

0:19:28.160 --> 0:19:32.359
<v Speaker 1>about are are pretty vile. And I'd like to quote

0:19:32.400 --> 0:19:35.080
<v Speaker 1>there was an article that I research I read for

0:19:35.160 --> 0:19:38.080
<v Speaker 1>this episode that was about the strain, and it was

0:19:38.080 --> 0:19:39.480
<v Speaker 1>the only other thing I could find that was like

0:19:39.520 --> 0:19:41.920
<v Speaker 1>this episode. It was about the strain and the science

0:19:41.960 --> 0:19:45.560
<v Speaker 1>behind parasites. Uh. And the science writer at Vox, her

0:19:45.600 --> 0:19:48.239
<v Speaker 1>name is Susannah Locke. She was the expert that they

0:19:48.280 --> 0:19:50.680
<v Speaker 1>spoke to about these uh and she had this quote

0:19:50.680 --> 0:19:52.080
<v Speaker 1>in this that I really liked. She said, for as

0:19:52.119 --> 0:19:55.160
<v Speaker 1>creepy as you can make some monster, there are almost

0:19:55.160 --> 0:19:58.159
<v Speaker 1>certainly ten or eleven things out there in nature that

0:19:58.160 --> 0:20:01.239
<v Speaker 1>are even creepier, which is that's nice. I like that,

0:20:01.280 --> 0:20:05.000
<v Speaker 1>and she's She's right, it's a there's just something about

0:20:05.080 --> 0:20:08.320
<v Speaker 1>these things that just are revolting. Yeah. I mean that's

0:20:08.320 --> 0:20:11.159
<v Speaker 1>the thing I find again in again with my Monster

0:20:11.200 --> 0:20:15.240
<v Speaker 1>the Week and Monster Science series is that, like, sometimes

0:20:15.240 --> 0:20:17.119
<v Speaker 1>I approach it by like, there's a cool article that

0:20:17.119 --> 0:20:19.639
<v Speaker 1>comes out and that's some neat biology. I wonder what

0:20:19.720 --> 0:20:22.560
<v Speaker 1>that matches up with and fictional monsters. But in other

0:20:22.600 --> 0:20:25.919
<v Speaker 1>times it's just if you think of any elaborate monster,

0:20:26.040 --> 0:20:28.080
<v Speaker 1>if you watch a film and you say, hey, that's

0:20:28.080 --> 0:20:30.679
<v Speaker 1>a really cool monster design, and then you wonder, is

0:20:30.680 --> 0:20:33.600
<v Speaker 1>there something in the real world that matches up or

0:20:33.680 --> 0:20:37.560
<v Speaker 1>exceeds that. There Almost always is, Yeah, I mean, obviously

0:20:37.720 --> 0:20:41.920
<v Speaker 1>it's where the imagination probably comes from in the first place. Uh.

0:20:42.160 --> 0:20:45.000
<v Speaker 1>Del Toro himself. You know, we mentioned earlier about how

0:20:45.000 --> 0:20:47.120
<v Speaker 1>he was obsessed with vampires as a little kid. Well,

0:20:47.359 --> 0:20:50.680
<v Speaker 1>he also refers to himself as a biologically perverse guy.

0:20:51.440 --> 0:20:53.480
<v Speaker 1>Uh And he said when he was a kid that

0:20:53.600 --> 0:20:57.440
<v Speaker 1>he's always keeping jars of things, like jars of animals

0:20:57.440 --> 0:21:00.400
<v Speaker 1>and blood, and he had little dissection tables. He would

0:21:00.440 --> 0:21:03.200
<v Speaker 1>just do his own little autopsies on animals, which is

0:21:03.320 --> 0:21:07.880
<v Speaker 1>terrifying and makes me think of that that old adage

0:21:07.920 --> 0:21:10.439
<v Speaker 1>that you know, the kind of people who torture. I mean,

0:21:10.520 --> 0:21:14.119
<v Speaker 1>he's not torturing animals, but you know, opening up animals.

0:21:14.320 --> 0:21:16.200
<v Speaker 1>His little kids are probably going to grow up to

0:21:16.240 --> 0:21:19.199
<v Speaker 1>be a psychopath. Instead, he grew up to be an

0:21:19.280 --> 0:21:24.040
<v Speaker 1>artistic genius. That's why I keep financing his films. Yeah,

0:21:24.080 --> 0:21:26.880
<v Speaker 1>we're not. This episode is not financed by Crimson Peak

0:21:26.960 --> 0:21:29.760
<v Speaker 1>coming to a theater soon near you. One last thing

0:21:29.800 --> 0:21:32.760
<v Speaker 1>before we get into the examples, there was another great

0:21:32.800 --> 0:21:36.520
<v Speaker 1>piece of research that we found that was actually Susanna

0:21:36.560 --> 0:21:39.560
<v Speaker 1>Locke's article led to it. A guy named Ed Young

0:21:39.760 --> 0:21:43.639
<v Speaker 1>did a ted talk about parasites uh and, and the

0:21:43.760 --> 0:21:47.679
<v Speaker 1>kind of zombie ish effects that they can have on

0:21:47.840 --> 0:21:53.520
<v Speaker 1>various animals, mostly insects, but cats are covered as well. Um,

0:21:53.560 --> 0:21:56.199
<v Speaker 1>and he says, I think this is part of what

0:21:56.280 --> 0:22:00.000
<v Speaker 1>makes parasites so sinister and compelling. We place a premium

0:22:00.080 --> 0:22:03.160
<v Speaker 1>on our free will and our independence, we being humans,

0:22:03.520 --> 0:22:06.400
<v Speaker 1>and that the prospect of losing those qualities to forces

0:22:06.560 --> 0:22:10.920
<v Speaker 1>unseen informs many of our deepest societal fears. So this

0:22:11.359 --> 0:22:14.480
<v Speaker 1>gets right to the heart of what scared me the

0:22:14.560 --> 0:22:18.320
<v Speaker 1>most about vampires when I was a child. Uh, I

0:22:18.480 --> 0:22:22.600
<v Speaker 1>very clearly remember my my first interaction with vampire fiction

0:22:22.920 --> 0:22:26.160
<v Speaker 1>was an episode of Spider Man and his Amazing Friends,

0:22:26.800 --> 0:22:30.119
<v Speaker 1>and Dracula was the villain that they fought in that episode.

0:22:30.600 --> 0:22:36.000
<v Speaker 1>And something something happened where his Amazing friends Firestar, I

0:22:36.040 --> 0:22:40.520
<v Speaker 1>believe is the his female superhero friend. She was turned

0:22:40.520 --> 0:22:43.320
<v Speaker 1>into a vampire, and it I was I mean, I

0:22:43.320 --> 0:22:45.639
<v Speaker 1>was probably like four or five, and I remember like

0:22:45.880 --> 0:22:48.199
<v Speaker 1>doing that thing where you stand by the door and

0:22:48.240 --> 0:22:50.679
<v Speaker 1>you're watching the TV with one eye around the corner

0:22:50.680 --> 0:22:52.640
<v Speaker 1>of the door because I was so scared of this

0:22:52.920 --> 0:22:56.680
<v Speaker 1>cartoon Dracula. That's weird to Dracula himself showed up because

0:22:57.200 --> 0:22:59.399
<v Speaker 1>what's the name of the actual vampire that is in

0:22:59.560 --> 0:23:04.040
<v Speaker 1>like kind of the Blade and marvel omrbeous the living vampire. Yeah,

0:23:04.240 --> 0:23:05.960
<v Speaker 1>I don't know if he ever showed up in the cartoon.

0:23:06.080 --> 0:23:09.639
<v Speaker 1>But Marvel the old one, right, you're talking about that

0:23:09.720 --> 0:23:12.120
<v Speaker 1>really old Spider Man cart Yeah, the one from the eighties.

0:23:12.320 --> 0:23:14.600
<v Speaker 1>This one. There was an older Spider Man cartoon, I

0:23:14.600 --> 0:23:18.240
<v Speaker 1>believe in the late sixties, early seventies. But um, Marvel

0:23:18.600 --> 0:23:21.480
<v Speaker 1>had a string of horror comics that came out in

0:23:21.480 --> 0:23:25.440
<v Speaker 1>the seventies, and Dracula was one of them. I think

0:23:25.560 --> 0:23:28.880
<v Speaker 1>probably because I would assume the rights to that were

0:23:28.920 --> 0:23:31.119
<v Speaker 1>open and they could just do whatever they wanted with it.

0:23:31.960 --> 0:23:33.760
<v Speaker 1>Cool that I like that quote from from me young

0:23:33.840 --> 0:23:37.560
<v Speaker 1>that because because the whole issue of parasites and free will, uh,

0:23:37.600 --> 0:23:40.800
<v Speaker 1>the whole idea of vampires and free will, uh certainly

0:23:41.200 --> 0:23:44.440
<v Speaker 1>certainly resonates because in vampires you often see themes of addiction.

0:23:44.920 --> 0:23:49.000
<v Speaker 1>Um are are explorer, themes of disease, themes of parasites,

0:23:49.160 --> 0:23:52.320
<v Speaker 1>all things that suddenly turned the table on us and say, well,

0:23:52.359 --> 0:23:54.960
<v Speaker 1>maybe we are not in control of our bodies. Of

0:23:55.080 --> 0:23:58.480
<v Speaker 1>our bodies are telling us to drink this and making

0:23:58.480 --> 0:24:01.399
<v Speaker 1>these things happen to ourselves. You know, some stories have

0:24:01.440 --> 0:24:04.320
<v Speaker 1>gone so far as to make it a metaphor for

0:24:04.680 --> 0:24:08.440
<v Speaker 1>like HIV, for instance, like a blood borne disease, and

0:24:08.520 --> 0:24:10.600
<v Speaker 1>it again it changes our bodies against our will. We

0:24:10.640 --> 0:24:13.600
<v Speaker 1>don't have any control over it. Yeah, the I that

0:24:13.840 --> 0:24:18.800
<v Speaker 1>idea is I think inherently revolting, especially to human beings

0:24:18.800 --> 0:24:21.359
<v Speaker 1>and maybe maybe specifically to Americans. I don't know. There

0:24:21.440 --> 0:24:23.480
<v Speaker 1>might be a cultural study on that, but we value

0:24:23.480 --> 0:24:26.920
<v Speaker 1>our independence so highly in our culture that maybe there's

0:24:26.960 --> 0:24:29.320
<v Speaker 1>something to that that affects us more well, you know,

0:24:29.359 --> 0:24:32.440
<v Speaker 1>and that brings us to syphilis um and And I'm

0:24:32.560 --> 0:24:34.840
<v Speaker 1>we're not gonna go too in depth on syphilis because

0:24:34.880 --> 0:24:37.720
<v Speaker 1>we have two episodes in the path that we did

0:24:37.720 --> 0:24:42.080
<v Speaker 1>on syphilis, looking at syphilis as a disease, looking at

0:24:42.160 --> 0:24:47.639
<v Speaker 1>the Treponema palladium, the the organism that causes syphilis, as

0:24:47.640 --> 0:24:50.640
<v Speaker 1>well as the history and cultural impact of it um.

0:24:50.800 --> 0:24:55.840
<v Speaker 1>But just to to refresh Treponema palladium, it is a thin,

0:24:56.200 --> 0:25:00.359
<v Speaker 1>tightly coiled spiral key, this little little worm creature that

0:25:00.480 --> 0:25:03.880
<v Speaker 1>causes syphilis. Its sexually transmitted in the illness spread through

0:25:03.920 --> 0:25:07.520
<v Speaker 1>Europe from the mid fifteenth century onward, and before the

0:25:07.560 --> 0:25:10.040
<v Speaker 1>advent of antibiotics, it was one of the most common

0:25:10.080 --> 0:25:12.639
<v Speaker 1>infections afflicting up to tim per cent of the adult

0:25:12.680 --> 0:25:15.520
<v Speaker 1>population in Western in the Western world, and it was

0:25:15.560 --> 0:25:19.800
<v Speaker 1>an incura. It was incurable for four point five centuries UM.

0:25:19.880 --> 0:25:23.399
<v Speaker 1>And when you really start teasing apart the impact of

0:25:23.440 --> 0:25:28.240
<v Speaker 1>syphilis in the Western world, it's difficult to overstate it. Um.

0:25:28.280 --> 0:25:32.199
<v Speaker 1>It was widespread spread again, it was incurable. Uh, it

0:25:32.320 --> 0:25:34.840
<v Speaker 1>was a thing to be feared. And and of course

0:25:34.880 --> 0:25:36.920
<v Speaker 1>when we as we've been discussing when we we take

0:25:36.920 --> 0:25:39.920
<v Speaker 1>our monsters, where when when we create monsters, we're giving

0:25:39.920 --> 0:25:43.680
<v Speaker 1>our fears form and face and force all their own. Yeah,

0:25:43.760 --> 0:25:47.840
<v Speaker 1>I think that it's important to recall, like how prevalent

0:25:47.960 --> 0:25:52.200
<v Speaker 1>syphilis was at a time time before we were alive,

0:25:52.400 --> 0:25:55.320
<v Speaker 1>and that I imagine from what I've read of of

0:25:55.960 --> 0:25:59.159
<v Speaker 1>you know, the period that it was most active was

0:25:59.240 --> 0:26:02.000
<v Speaker 1>that I say most active as if it's like a

0:26:02.040 --> 0:26:05.440
<v Speaker 1>living you know, one single minded creature. But but but

0:26:05.920 --> 0:26:09.960
<v Speaker 1>it was really had a huge impact on the cultural

0:26:10.520 --> 0:26:15.439
<v Speaker 1>of zeitgeist. I guess, uh, you know, people were in

0:26:15.520 --> 0:26:17.520
<v Speaker 1>fear of it and there was also a sort of

0:26:19.119 --> 0:26:22.639
<v Speaker 1>uh disgust towards those who had contracted it. Yeah, because

0:26:22.640 --> 0:26:24.840
<v Speaker 1>it was I mean, you know, in the past, pretty

0:26:24.920 --> 0:26:28.399
<v Speaker 1>much any illness or physical ailment is tied to the soul,

0:26:28.880 --> 0:26:31.560
<v Speaker 1>but certainly with syphilis because it of course is is

0:26:31.640 --> 0:26:35.760
<v Speaker 1>tied to sexual contact, right, and so you know, and

0:26:36.000 --> 0:26:38.920
<v Speaker 1>not exclusively sexual contact. You could also there's also congenital

0:26:39.240 --> 0:26:41.760
<v Speaker 1>uh syphilis, in which you're just born with it. Yeah,

0:26:42.280 --> 0:26:45.160
<v Speaker 1>but there is an assumption in a lot of cases.

0:26:45.200 --> 0:26:46.960
<v Speaker 1>You know, if you found out that somebody had syphilis,

0:26:47.000 --> 0:26:49.200
<v Speaker 1>you assumed that they got it from you know, loose

0:26:49.240 --> 0:26:53.400
<v Speaker 1>sexual practices, right. Uh. And like I remember doing research

0:26:53.440 --> 0:26:57.720
<v Speaker 1>for another project about the Franklin Expedition going through the

0:26:57.760 --> 0:27:00.879
<v Speaker 1>Northwest Passage. This is in the mid eighteen hundred, and

0:27:01.040 --> 0:27:02.760
<v Speaker 1>you know, there were there were members on board those

0:27:02.760 --> 0:27:06.720
<v Speaker 1>ships who certainly had syphilis, you know, and the officers

0:27:06.800 --> 0:27:10.359
<v Speaker 1>looked upon them as being, you know, less than because

0:27:10.400 --> 0:27:12.760
<v Speaker 1>they had contracted such a thing. So it's this thing

0:27:12.800 --> 0:27:15.520
<v Speaker 1>that's spread from one person to another, and and it

0:27:15.600 --> 0:27:17.800
<v Speaker 1>has these various stages. And I'm not going to go

0:27:17.840 --> 0:27:21.040
<v Speaker 1>into into to the first two stages, but the the

0:27:21.200 --> 0:27:25.760
<v Speaker 1>later stage, tertiary syphilis, which occurs in ten to occurs

0:27:25.760 --> 0:27:29.199
<v Speaker 1>ten to twenty years after the initial affection, so you know,

0:27:29.280 --> 0:27:32.240
<v Speaker 1>quite a lot of time passes, and there are a

0:27:32.359 --> 0:27:35.359
<v Speaker 1>number of symptoms that it involves and we're talking about

0:27:35.359 --> 0:27:41.520
<v Speaker 1>tissue damage, muscle damage, organ damage, coordination problems, paralysis, numbness,

0:27:41.560 --> 0:27:46.000
<v Speaker 1>gradual blindness, dementia, uh, death. But where it really ties

0:27:46.040 --> 0:27:49.280
<v Speaker 1>in nicely with the strain Uh. Not only you know

0:27:49.359 --> 0:27:52.399
<v Speaker 1>the worms of course causing everything, but you would often

0:27:52.400 --> 0:27:54.639
<v Speaker 1>see with syphilis the loss of the nose or the

0:27:54.680 --> 0:27:58.600
<v Speaker 1>sinking of the nose into what was called saddle nose um.

0:27:58.800 --> 0:28:01.080
<v Speaker 1>And this is where we saw increased use of wigs,

0:28:01.200 --> 0:28:04.159
<v Speaker 1>the increased use of cosmetics, and the increased use of

0:28:04.400 --> 0:28:09.200
<v Speaker 1>fake noses to cover up your own essentially decaying nose. Yeah,

0:28:09.240 --> 0:28:12.800
<v Speaker 1>this is uh ironic because just yesterday I was reading

0:28:12.800 --> 0:28:15.040
<v Speaker 1>a piece that you had previously written in the Stuff

0:28:15.040 --> 0:28:17.840
<v Speaker 1>to Blow Your Mind site on Stuff to Blow your

0:28:17.880 --> 0:28:21.719
<v Speaker 1>Mind dot com about the fake noses artificial noses as

0:28:21.760 --> 0:28:25.480
<v Speaker 1>prosthetics because of syphilis. But also there were other people

0:28:25.560 --> 0:28:29.200
<v Speaker 1>like the famous scientists or astronomer Tycho brah Hey, he

0:28:29.280 --> 0:28:31.000
<v Speaker 1>had his nose cut off in a sword fight, and

0:28:31.000 --> 0:28:33.280
<v Speaker 1>I believe they were a gold nose. Yeah, I think

0:28:33.280 --> 0:28:35.360
<v Speaker 1>he had. I think he had a couple, but but yeah,

0:28:35.359 --> 0:28:36.879
<v Speaker 1>I think he had a hit a like a brass

0:28:36.960 --> 0:28:39.160
<v Speaker 1>or gold nose at any rate, he was. He replaced

0:28:39.200 --> 0:28:41.280
<v Speaker 1>his nose, but was not shy about it. He was

0:28:41.320 --> 0:28:44.240
<v Speaker 1>just oh, he was very brash. He made it as

0:28:44.320 --> 0:28:47.960
<v Speaker 1>obvious as possible, kind of like I think. But in

0:28:48.000 --> 0:28:50.320
<v Speaker 1>the stream, you see these, you know, these characters that

0:28:50.360 --> 0:28:54.360
<v Speaker 1>have been degraded into these um, these nonspat tousque characters

0:28:54.440 --> 0:28:57.080
<v Speaker 1>by the parasite. They still have to interact with the world,

0:28:57.160 --> 0:28:59.280
<v Speaker 1>some of them. And in those cases, what do they

0:28:59.280 --> 0:29:00.520
<v Speaker 1>have to do. They have to put on wigs, they

0:29:00.560 --> 0:29:01.840
<v Speaker 1>have to put on cosmetics, they have to put on

0:29:01.880 --> 0:29:04.880
<v Speaker 1>a fake nose, um all in order to uh to

0:29:05.000 --> 0:29:08.440
<v Speaker 1>appear normal again. Also, you would see syphilis sufferers who

0:29:08.440 --> 0:29:10.760
<v Speaker 1>would use cod pieces. There's also where we saw a

0:29:10.760 --> 0:29:14.160
<v Speaker 1>resurgence of cod pieces, or not maybe not a resurgence

0:29:14.200 --> 0:29:18.000
<v Speaker 1>but a uh but you saw an increased use of

0:29:18.040 --> 0:29:21.040
<v Speaker 1>them due to a potential damage to the genitalia. Well

0:29:21.040 --> 0:29:23.960
<v Speaker 1>maybe that's why some rock stars wear cod pieces. There

0:29:24.000 --> 0:29:27.520
<v Speaker 1>you go, I think that's a holdover from syphilis. It

0:29:27.560 --> 0:29:30.760
<v Speaker 1>could be, it could be um and uh in according

0:29:30.840 --> 0:29:35.800
<v Speaker 1>to um Slavic and comparative literature professor Thomas lav Langevic,

0:29:36.720 --> 0:29:40.680
<v Speaker 1>commentators have often drawn a line of comparison between hereditary

0:29:40.680 --> 0:29:44.560
<v Speaker 1>syphilis and vampirism um because one of the one of

0:29:44.560 --> 0:29:47.760
<v Speaker 1>the things that you see with the congenital um syphilis

0:29:48.160 --> 0:29:52.640
<v Speaker 1>is the formation of sharp, pointy teeth, which which are

0:29:52.680 --> 0:29:55.120
<v Speaker 1>known as Hudgetson's teeth. So it's you know, the different

0:29:55.160 --> 0:29:58.200
<v Speaker 1>deformations of the of the dums and teeth. You sometimes

0:29:58.200 --> 0:30:03.120
<v Speaker 1>see long nails, you see elongated skulls, um and uh,

0:30:03.160 --> 0:30:06.040
<v Speaker 1>you know, superficially, it's easy to look at extreme cases

0:30:06.080 --> 0:30:09.000
<v Speaker 1>of late syphilis and congenital syphilis because when you have

0:30:09.040 --> 0:30:12.880
<v Speaker 1>congenital syphilis, a lot of times the physical deformities are

0:30:12.880 --> 0:30:14.680
<v Speaker 1>really I mean they're taking place in the womb and

0:30:14.720 --> 0:30:18.239
<v Speaker 1>they're pretty severe early on in life. Um, but you

0:30:18.280 --> 0:30:21.280
<v Speaker 1>could you could easily make a comparison between count orlock

0:30:21.360 --> 0:30:26.600
<v Speaker 1>in Nosferatu and severe syphilis sufferer. Yeah. I remember the

0:30:26.680 --> 0:30:30.239
<v Speaker 1>research that I had done on syphilis again about the

0:30:30.360 --> 0:30:33.880
<v Speaker 1>sort of Arctic expedition time. Some of the photos that

0:30:33.960 --> 0:30:38.000
<v Speaker 1>I saw of like skulls or or or they had

0:30:38.040 --> 0:30:40.760
<v Speaker 1>done like molds of people's heads. I mean we're talking

0:30:40.800 --> 0:30:47.320
<v Speaker 1>like elephant man style deformations here. It looked incredibly painful. Uh.

0:30:47.360 --> 0:30:49.360
<v Speaker 1>And this is a side note about syphilis I don't

0:30:49.360 --> 0:30:51.040
<v Speaker 1>know if you've heard this before, but here's a little

0:30:51.040 --> 0:30:55.400
<v Speaker 1>tidbit fun fact. There's a theory that Leon Cholgas, who

0:30:55.440 --> 0:30:59.400
<v Speaker 1>was the man who assassinated President McKinley, that he possibly

0:30:59.440 --> 0:31:02.000
<v Speaker 1>had been in acted with syphilis and was in second

0:31:02.040 --> 0:31:05.520
<v Speaker 1>stage heading into third stage syphilis, and that it was

0:31:06.000 --> 0:31:08.520
<v Speaker 1>part of the disease acting upon his mind that made

0:31:08.560 --> 0:31:11.520
<v Speaker 1>him go mad and try to kill the president. But well,

0:31:12.120 --> 0:31:14.800
<v Speaker 1>you know, given the time period there, it seems very likely.

0:31:14.840 --> 0:31:17.600
<v Speaker 1>I mean, it's possible his nose didn't fall off, he

0:31:17.640 --> 0:31:22.120
<v Speaker 1>hadn't started turning into you know, a deformed third tertiary

0:31:22.200 --> 0:31:26.400
<v Speaker 1>stage syphilis victim. But uh, there's there's some some evidence

0:31:26.440 --> 0:31:28.560
<v Speaker 1>people think that points in that direction. Yeah, there are

0:31:28.560 --> 0:31:32.040
<v Speaker 1>people that argue that Bram Stoker may may he himself

0:31:32.280 --> 0:31:37.040
<v Speaker 1>have suffered from syphilis, and that the novel Dracula is

0:31:37.760 --> 0:31:41.760
<v Speaker 1>or was his own way of exploring his own syphilitic condition.

0:31:41.920 --> 0:31:45.920
<v Speaker 1>But there's not there's not any hard proof in that area. Uh.

0:31:46.000 --> 0:31:49.680
<v Speaker 1>So I feel like we've we've gotten syphilis pretty well

0:31:49.720 --> 0:31:53.520
<v Speaker 1>covered here. Uh And like you said, there's two previous

0:31:53.560 --> 0:31:55.400
<v Speaker 1>episodes all about it. So if you want to learn

0:31:55.400 --> 0:31:59.200
<v Speaker 1>more about syphilis, go back through the archives and certainly

0:31:59.600 --> 0:32:02.680
<v Speaker 1>take the deep dive with Robert and Julie on that. Uh,

0:32:02.840 --> 0:32:06.320
<v Speaker 1>let's get to another one. This is just one that

0:32:06.320 --> 0:32:08.680
<v Speaker 1>that guy Young mentioned in his TED talk. He talked

0:32:08.680 --> 0:32:11.160
<v Speaker 1>about the guinea worm. Is this one that you've encountered

0:32:11.200 --> 0:32:14.320
<v Speaker 1>in your various travels with parasites and monsters? I feel

0:32:14.360 --> 0:32:16.320
<v Speaker 1>like we've covered guinea worm in the past. Yeah, I

0:32:16.320 --> 0:32:18.920
<v Speaker 1>think we. I could be wrong on this, but I

0:32:18.960 --> 0:32:22.320
<v Speaker 1>think we did a something with the Carter Center about

0:32:22.320 --> 0:32:25.320
<v Speaker 1>guinea worm. Okay, well, yeah, that would make sense actually

0:32:25.400 --> 0:32:27.560
<v Speaker 1>given the work that they do, because apparently the way

0:32:27.560 --> 0:32:31.520
<v Speaker 1>that you are infected by these is from unclean drinking water. Uh.

0:32:31.560 --> 0:32:34.840
<v Speaker 1>And the community that I live in a suburb just

0:32:34.920 --> 0:32:37.320
<v Speaker 1>outside of Landing here are our water went off for

0:32:37.400 --> 0:32:40.840
<v Speaker 1>three days last week. Uh. And I don't think guinea

0:32:40.840 --> 0:32:43.280
<v Speaker 1>worms were what people were worried about, but unclean drinking

0:32:43.280 --> 0:32:45.800
<v Speaker 1>water was certainly on everybody's mind. We realized sort of

0:32:45.840 --> 0:32:49.080
<v Speaker 1>how privileged our first world society is. But yeah, so

0:32:49.200 --> 0:32:51.880
<v Speaker 1>you are infected by this thing, and then what happens

0:32:51.960 --> 0:32:54.800
<v Speaker 1>is it creates a burning blister on either your leg

0:32:54.920 --> 0:32:57.400
<v Speaker 1>or your ankle. So well, I guess your ankle is

0:32:57.400 --> 0:33:00.560
<v Speaker 1>your leg and that what happens is hurt so much

0:33:00.600 --> 0:33:04.200
<v Speaker 1>in it and it burns that your inclination is to

0:33:04.280 --> 0:33:06.360
<v Speaker 1>immediately go to the water. So here we go. This

0:33:06.560 --> 0:33:08.920
<v Speaker 1>ties into this sort of vampire can't cross the water

0:33:08.960 --> 0:33:12.600
<v Speaker 1>type thing and also vampire I'm not vampires, but parasites

0:33:13.040 --> 0:33:17.760
<v Speaker 1>um twisting your behavior, manipulating you to do things exactly right,

0:33:17.800 --> 0:33:20.240
<v Speaker 1>Like was it your idea to do this? Did the

0:33:20.240 --> 0:33:24.520
<v Speaker 1>parasite consciously say I need to make this host of

0:33:24.560 --> 0:33:27.960
<v Speaker 1>mine walk towards the river? But what happens is people

0:33:28.000 --> 0:33:30.680
<v Speaker 1>go toward the water, they try to wash the blister,

0:33:31.160 --> 0:33:34.400
<v Speaker 1>and what happens is the worm bursts out because they

0:33:34.400 --> 0:33:38.800
<v Speaker 1>can only mate in water, so immediately bursts out of

0:33:38.840 --> 0:33:41.760
<v Speaker 1>your skin and moves on. And then you know more,

0:33:42.400 --> 0:33:44.920
<v Speaker 1>I assume they must be microscopic in size when you're

0:33:44.960 --> 0:33:50.040
<v Speaker 1>drinking them from the unclean water. More produced. But then

0:33:50.560 --> 0:33:54.120
<v Speaker 1>let's get on. This is the big daddy monster parasite

0:33:54.280 --> 0:33:57.360
<v Speaker 1>that really connects to you know, uh, the del Toro

0:33:57.480 --> 0:34:01.000
<v Speaker 1>string oy, the horse hair worm. We just mentioned it

0:34:01.040 --> 0:34:04.240
<v Speaker 1>briefly earlier, but let's let's really investigate this thing. Yeah,

0:34:04.280 --> 0:34:06.720
<v Speaker 1>we we mentioned if you look at any videos of this.

0:34:06.840 --> 0:34:09.520
<v Speaker 1>It generally consists of some sort of an insect that's

0:34:09.560 --> 0:34:11.799
<v Speaker 1>been squashed or it's near the water, and there's this

0:34:12.680 --> 0:34:17.239
<v Speaker 1>enormous black worm. It looks like a like a thick

0:34:17.280 --> 0:34:20.520
<v Speaker 1>horse hair, you know, just long black, doesn't have any

0:34:20.520 --> 0:34:25.799
<v Speaker 1>others distinguishable features, extremely long, extremely wiggly, just writhing and

0:34:25.840 --> 0:34:31.279
<v Speaker 1>emerging from this creature's abdomen. And it's it's grotesque, its beautiful,

0:34:31.440 --> 0:34:35.279
<v Speaker 1>and yeah, you're right, it's both those things. If you

0:34:35.400 --> 0:34:39.840
<v Speaker 1>haven't seen it, I think it's important to to note,

0:34:39.880 --> 0:34:42.560
<v Speaker 1>like these things are like three or four times the

0:34:42.600 --> 0:34:45.000
<v Speaker 1>size of their host body in terms of like length.

0:34:45.920 --> 0:34:48.600
<v Speaker 1>So you see them start pouring out of like a

0:34:48.640 --> 0:34:52.960
<v Speaker 1>dead cricket or whatever, it's just wool. So nauseating because

0:34:52.960 --> 0:34:56.640
<v Speaker 1>you just they unfurl. Yeah, there there are a number

0:34:56.680 --> 0:35:00.880
<v Speaker 1>of different ones. They're all from the phylum U Nematomorpha,

0:35:01.719 --> 0:35:04.640
<v Speaker 1>And uh, the way it works is this, Uh, the

0:35:04.680 --> 0:35:08.000
<v Speaker 1>adults are free living, but the larva are parasitic, can

0:35:08.000 --> 0:35:11.240
<v Speaker 1>grow to adulthood in the body of an insect. Male

0:35:11.400 --> 0:35:15.520
<v Speaker 1>and female horsehail hairworms mate and damp soil and fresh water.

0:35:15.680 --> 0:35:18.440
<v Speaker 1>So you may if you were ever walking through the woods,

0:35:18.800 --> 0:35:20.800
<v Speaker 1>which I was once and I actually looked in a

0:35:20.840 --> 0:35:24.759
<v Speaker 1>puddle and I saw one squirming around. Yeah. Um, So

0:35:24.800 --> 0:35:27.439
<v Speaker 1>that the males and the females they mate in damp

0:35:27.520 --> 0:35:30.120
<v Speaker 1>soil or fresh water. The female lay is just millions

0:35:30.160 --> 0:35:32.880
<v Speaker 1>of eggs in this little puddle, and then the eggs

0:35:32.880 --> 0:35:38.680
<v Speaker 1>hatch and tiny larva um that they insist on vegetation

0:35:39.120 --> 0:35:43.879
<v Speaker 1>near the water's edge, which is probably likely to be eaten. Yeah,

0:35:43.880 --> 0:35:46.759
<v Speaker 1>that's what happens. Cricket or other host drops. By they

0:35:46.840 --> 0:35:52.239
<v Speaker 1>eat the vegetation, they end up consumingly insisted larva. Uh.

0:35:52.239 --> 0:35:54.640
<v Speaker 1>And in the case of say are carnivorous mantis, it

0:35:54.640 --> 0:35:58.600
<v Speaker 1>acquires the parasite by devouring an intermediate hook. So something

0:35:58.640 --> 0:36:00.759
<v Speaker 1>else eats the grass and then the antis eats it.

0:36:00.880 --> 0:36:02.880
<v Speaker 1>And that's another common theme we're going to see with

0:36:02.920 --> 0:36:05.680
<v Speaker 1>some of these creatures today. Yeah. Yeah, because the parasite

0:36:05.719 --> 0:36:07.960
<v Speaker 1>is playing kind of the long game, right uh. And

0:36:08.000 --> 0:36:10.359
<v Speaker 1>so once inside the final host, be it the thing

0:36:10.400 --> 0:36:12.120
<v Speaker 1>that ate the plan or the thing that ain't, the

0:36:12.120 --> 0:36:15.960
<v Speaker 1>thing that hint the plant um, theys covering dissolves an

0:36:16.000 --> 0:36:18.800
<v Speaker 1>insects gut and it allows the juvenile warm to escape

0:36:19.200 --> 0:36:24.040
<v Speaker 1>bore through the gut wall and start absorbing nutrients. Uh.

0:36:24.080 --> 0:36:26.319
<v Speaker 1>And and that's you know, similar to what we were

0:36:26.320 --> 0:36:27.960
<v Speaker 1>just talking about with the guinea worm. That's when it

0:36:28.000 --> 0:36:31.200
<v Speaker 1>bursts free right after after it's sort of taken as

0:36:31.239 --> 0:36:34.160
<v Speaker 1>many nutrients as it can. Yeah, once it's reached full size.

0:36:34.160 --> 0:36:36.760
<v Speaker 1>But here's the thing, and this is something that researchers

0:36:36.800 --> 0:36:40.000
<v Speaker 1>are still exploring. So if you if the host dies,

0:36:40.080 --> 0:36:43.040
<v Speaker 1>if somebody squashes it on a band room floor, the

0:36:43.120 --> 0:36:46.160
<v Speaker 1>worm emergence. But obviously this is a situation where spaceship

0:36:46.200 --> 0:36:49.520
<v Speaker 1>cricket is going down, and so the parasite that is

0:36:49.560 --> 0:36:51.799
<v Speaker 1>piloting the spaceship at this point it has to get off,

0:36:52.000 --> 0:36:55.759
<v Speaker 1>has to has to just embark. But remember how we

0:36:55.800 --> 0:36:58.160
<v Speaker 1>talked about the puddle, right, the puddle is where it

0:36:58.200 --> 0:37:02.759
<v Speaker 1>needs to go, right, so it unlike the guinea worm,

0:37:02.800 --> 0:37:07.720
<v Speaker 1>it doesn't encourage its host to go towards wet areas well,

0:37:07.880 --> 0:37:10.359
<v Speaker 1>or is that they happen. Still trying to figure that out,

0:37:10.440 --> 0:37:14.600
<v Speaker 1>because there are two possibilities one either the the Either

0:37:14.640 --> 0:37:18.160
<v Speaker 1>the horsehair worm waits until its host inevitably returns to

0:37:18.200 --> 0:37:20.480
<v Speaker 1>an area in your water and then punches out through

0:37:20.520 --> 0:37:25.720
<v Speaker 1>the abdomen, or it manipulates the host into seeking out water. Okay,

0:37:25.760 --> 0:37:29.680
<v Speaker 1>so this is again very much very vampire vamporistic. And

0:37:29.680 --> 0:37:32.920
<v Speaker 1>there's all there's actually some some compelling evidence toward the

0:37:33.400 --> 0:37:38.440
<v Speaker 1>brain hacking situation, like observations of of of Mandis is

0:37:38.600 --> 0:37:41.880
<v Speaker 1>jumping into the water like you know, living style. You

0:37:41.920 --> 0:37:43.799
<v Speaker 1>know now that you're saying this, I do remember from

0:37:43.840 --> 0:37:47.440
<v Speaker 1>Young's talk that he said that there's evidence that they

0:37:47.480 --> 0:37:51.640
<v Speaker 1>release a certain kind of protein into the crickets brains

0:37:51.680 --> 0:37:55.000
<v Speaker 1>that addle their brains so that they head towards water. Yeah. Yeah,

0:37:55.080 --> 0:37:57.319
<v Speaker 1>Like I said, I feel like the the evidence for

0:37:57.719 --> 0:38:00.759
<v Speaker 1>brain hacking is pretty compelling here and ultimately makes the

0:38:00.760 --> 0:38:03.640
<v Speaker 1>creature all the more fascinating. Now, I know what you're wondering.

0:38:03.680 --> 0:38:07.680
<v Speaker 1>Can it infect humans? Well, yes it can. They are.

0:38:08.080 --> 0:38:12.640
<v Speaker 1>Human infections are possible, though not that likely. The human

0:38:12.719 --> 0:38:15.200
<v Speaker 1>is not, of course, the intended host. But there were

0:38:15.200 --> 0:38:18.879
<v Speaker 1>two Japanese cases reported in two thousand twelve, but these

0:38:18.880 --> 0:38:22.839
<v Speaker 1>were due to, of course, just accidental ingestation of infected insects.

0:38:22.880 --> 0:38:26.240
<v Speaker 1>So these two humans had eaten a cricket or something

0:38:26.320 --> 0:38:30.399
<v Speaker 1>like that, and that cricket had yet to burst. It's uh,

0:38:30.560 --> 0:38:33.480
<v Speaker 1>it's horse hair worm. Yeah, I actually have a quote

0:38:33.480 --> 0:38:36.800
<v Speaker 1>from the study here said the woman vomited a worm

0:38:36.840 --> 0:38:39.799
<v Speaker 1>after gargling with a sailine solution as she felt something

0:38:39.880 --> 0:38:41.919
<v Speaker 1>was caught in her throat while she was lying in bed.

0:38:42.280 --> 0:38:45.279
<v Speaker 1>She had eaten vegetables harvest from a private garden. The

0:38:45.320 --> 0:38:47.960
<v Speaker 1>other worm, from the mouth of a boy, was removed

0:38:47.960 --> 0:38:52.400
<v Speaker 1>by his mother. So, so, uh, you said that you've

0:38:52.440 --> 0:38:57.160
<v Speaker 1>seen these, So I'm assuming that they're indigenous to southeast

0:38:57.320 --> 0:38:59.799
<v Speaker 1>United States, where we live. It sounds like they're also

0:38:59.840 --> 0:39:01.880
<v Speaker 1>in US to Japan. Are they just everywhere? I think

0:39:01.920 --> 0:39:04.160
<v Speaker 1>they're just everywhere. Yeah, They're in They're in Asia, They're

0:39:04.160 --> 0:39:07.440
<v Speaker 1>in Europe. There in the United States, they're um anywhere

0:39:07.480 --> 0:39:11.200
<v Speaker 1>there is a warm, safe insect belly in which to grow.

0:39:12.040 --> 0:39:14.000
<v Speaker 1>Here you will find the horse hair worm, and maybe

0:39:14.000 --> 0:39:16.960
<v Speaker 1>inside us. Yeah, I think, right, how well you washed

0:39:16.960 --> 0:39:19.319
<v Speaker 1>your grains well. It also makes me kind of went right, like,

0:39:19.680 --> 0:39:23.759
<v Speaker 1>how many autopsy tables have you know, somebody dies and

0:39:23.800 --> 0:39:26.000
<v Speaker 1>then all of a sudden a little worm just kind

0:39:26.040 --> 0:39:29.080
<v Speaker 1>of pokes its way out and makes its way over

0:39:29.080 --> 0:39:30.920
<v Speaker 1>to the sink or something, you know. I mean, I

0:39:30.920 --> 0:39:33.759
<v Speaker 1>don't think that they're that insidious, obviously, but this is

0:39:33.800 --> 0:39:37.319
<v Speaker 1>clearly where del Toro got the inspiration from. Uh. There's

0:39:37.360 --> 0:39:40.719
<v Speaker 1>one last creepy fact about the horse are worm I

0:39:40.760 --> 0:39:43.160
<v Speaker 1>want to throw in here. This is also from Young's talk.

0:39:43.400 --> 0:39:47.759
<v Speaker 1>He said, there's a Japanese scientist named Takuya Sato who

0:39:47.800 --> 0:39:50.760
<v Speaker 1>found one stream where there were so many of these things,

0:39:51.120 --> 0:39:54.080
<v Speaker 1>and they'd infected so many crickets that it just had

0:39:54.200 --> 0:39:57.680
<v Speaker 1>filled up the stream with crickets and over six of

0:39:57.719 --> 0:40:01.279
<v Speaker 1>the local trout's diet where the crickets who had been

0:40:01.280 --> 0:40:05.839
<v Speaker 1>infected by horsehair worms and then subsequently horsehair worms themselves. Uh.

0:40:06.560 --> 0:40:08.839
<v Speaker 1>I also remember reading in one of these articles that

0:40:09.040 --> 0:40:12.480
<v Speaker 1>generally the host has only one horse hair warm inside it,

0:40:12.760 --> 0:40:14.680
<v Speaker 1>but it is possible to wind up with twins. So

0:40:14.840 --> 0:40:19.920
<v Speaker 1>you have two of these things. Wow, okay, all right,

0:40:19.960 --> 0:40:21.640
<v Speaker 1>well let's let's move on. What else do we have

0:40:21.719 --> 0:40:26.360
<v Speaker 1>on the parasitic pop ladder. Well, we've got a zombie

0:40:26.360 --> 0:40:30.279
<v Speaker 1>fungus here, and uh, you seem familiar with this when

0:40:30.280 --> 0:40:32.680
<v Speaker 1>we were first talking about this, but I believe it's

0:40:32.680 --> 0:40:37.359
<v Speaker 1>pronounced opheo corti SEPs. That correct, court sps. Okay, so

0:40:37.400 --> 0:40:41.200
<v Speaker 1>this is also commonly known as the zombie fungus. And

0:40:41.239 --> 0:40:44.840
<v Speaker 1>what I had heard was that, I say, I heard

0:40:44.920 --> 0:40:47.280
<v Speaker 1>like down on the street. You know they talk about

0:40:47.320 --> 0:40:51.719
<v Speaker 1>the zombie fun I read about it. It drives carpenter

0:40:51.800 --> 0:40:54.320
<v Speaker 1>ants like so that they get infected with this fungus,

0:40:54.320 --> 0:40:56.840
<v Speaker 1>and carpenter ants then go to find a more suitable

0:40:56.880 --> 0:41:00.000
<v Speaker 1>home for the fungus and then it bursts out. So uh,

0:41:00.080 --> 0:41:02.200
<v Speaker 1>young jokes about this and it's talk. As you can

0:41:02.239 --> 0:41:04.560
<v Speaker 1>already tell. The common theme is something gets in you,

0:41:04.960 --> 0:41:06.880
<v Speaker 1>it drives you to go somewhere, and then it bursts

0:41:06.920 --> 0:41:10.320
<v Speaker 1>out of your body and kills you. Now you had

0:41:10.360 --> 0:41:13.239
<v Speaker 1>some other research on the there's more than one court

0:41:13.280 --> 0:41:15.879
<v Speaker 1>of steps. Oh yeah, there are thousands of different court

0:41:15.880 --> 0:41:18.200
<v Speaker 1>of steps, and each one is aimed at a different

0:41:18.239 --> 0:41:22.280
<v Speaker 1>insects species. Uh. For instance, though bullet ants are infected

0:41:22.280 --> 0:41:25.360
<v Speaker 1>by one particular type of court of steps, and it

0:41:25.440 --> 0:41:27.840
<v Speaker 1>manipulates the behavior of the ant. It causes it to

0:41:28.320 --> 0:41:34.880
<v Speaker 1>climb up about five centimeters above the usual ant trail,

0:41:35.040 --> 0:41:39.440
<v Speaker 1>usually facing northwest, clamp on with its jaws generally around

0:41:39.480 --> 0:41:42.560
<v Speaker 1>noon and just not let go, and then within six

0:41:42.640 --> 0:41:45.240
<v Speaker 1>hours it dies. A few days later, a tube sprouts

0:41:45.239 --> 0:41:47.440
<v Speaker 1>out of its head, and this is the fruiting body

0:41:47.440 --> 0:41:50.240
<v Speaker 1>of the fungus it you know, blast out the spores

0:41:50.280 --> 0:41:55.200
<v Speaker 1>and then these end up infecting a new ants. So um,

0:41:55.239 --> 0:41:59.200
<v Speaker 1>it's uh, it's it's it's kind of essentially it makes

0:41:59.239 --> 0:42:01.680
<v Speaker 1>the the ant go raise itself up like a flag

0:42:01.680 --> 0:42:04.880
<v Speaker 1>on a flagpole, die and then spread. It's it's a sport.

0:42:05.000 --> 0:42:08.960
<v Speaker 1>What's um? I mean, surely it seems very specific northwest

0:42:09.040 --> 0:42:13.600
<v Speaker 1>at noon? What's the specific? Um? There must be some

0:42:13.680 --> 0:42:15.960
<v Speaker 1>kind of reason for that, like as the sun as

0:42:16.000 --> 0:42:18.720
<v Speaker 1>it's at its highest, and that subsequently makes it easier

0:42:18.760 --> 0:42:21.440
<v Speaker 1>for the fungest to bloom or something. I don't know,

0:42:21.440 --> 0:42:23.440
<v Speaker 1>I guess though, Or it's you know, tapping into existing

0:42:23.560 --> 0:42:27.359
<v Speaker 1>you know, behavioral maybe that's the ant. But um, if

0:42:27.400 --> 0:42:30.760
<v Speaker 1>the generally what happens to in these these social ant colonies,

0:42:30.800 --> 0:42:33.800
<v Speaker 1>if they discover a worker that is exhibiting some of

0:42:33.840 --> 0:42:37.000
<v Speaker 1>the characteristics of a court accepts infected AUNT, they'll remove

0:42:37.080 --> 0:42:39.320
<v Speaker 1>them and take their body out and dump them somewhere

0:42:39.320 --> 0:42:42.560
<v Speaker 1>else because they know the real yeah, that they are prized.

0:42:42.600 --> 0:42:45.520
<v Speaker 1>So they're like the vampire hunter ants. Yeah, yeah, like

0:42:45.560 --> 0:42:48.280
<v Speaker 1>they they are. They are aware of the vampire issue

0:42:48.400 --> 0:42:51.680
<v Speaker 1>and they will remove them if there's something fishy. Huh.

0:42:51.840 --> 0:42:54.600
<v Speaker 1>This reminds me of recent movie Aunt Man that's just

0:42:54.640 --> 0:42:59.040
<v Speaker 1>come out to where apparently through some science, like they

0:42:59.080 --> 0:43:01.839
<v Speaker 1>just wear like blue too. It's basically in their ear

0:43:02.239 --> 0:43:05.040
<v Speaker 1>that allows them to control ants. And now I'm wondering

0:43:05.080 --> 0:43:08.480
<v Speaker 1>if they could backtrack and do a pseudoscience explanation of

0:43:08.480 --> 0:43:10.759
<v Speaker 1>it by saying that they've they've infected these ants with

0:43:10.760 --> 0:43:13.480
<v Speaker 1>the zombie fungus. Well, you know, there there's a lot

0:43:13.520 --> 0:43:17.880
<v Speaker 1>of interesting um species that live among ants. Um one

0:43:17.920 --> 0:43:19.560
<v Speaker 1>in particular I was reading about the other day as

0:43:19.600 --> 0:43:21.520
<v Speaker 1>a as a type of beetle. And if you want

0:43:21.520 --> 0:43:23.239
<v Speaker 1>the details on this, I did a monster the week

0:43:23.239 --> 0:43:26.160
<v Speaker 1>about the thing. Carpenter is the thing, and I'll link

0:43:26.160 --> 0:43:29.239
<v Speaker 1>to it on the list pretty recently. Yeah, but but

0:43:29.320 --> 0:43:32.440
<v Speaker 1>in that I tied in this this particular beetle that

0:43:32.560 --> 0:43:36.279
<v Speaker 1>lives among the ants, and it uses scent and an

0:43:36.280 --> 0:43:40.120
<v Speaker 1>audible cues to convince the other ants that it is

0:43:40.320 --> 0:43:43.240
<v Speaker 1>either work or ant or sometimes even royalty within the colony,

0:43:43.560 --> 0:43:46.520
<v Speaker 1>so that you can live amongst the ants undetected, eat

0:43:46.560 --> 0:43:49.400
<v Speaker 1>their larva, and also benefit from the protection of the

0:43:49.480 --> 0:43:51.600
<v Speaker 1>high because it's like it's like living in a bank vault,

0:43:51.600 --> 0:43:53.319
<v Speaker 1>you know, it's like living in a medieval castle in

0:43:53.360 --> 0:43:55.560
<v Speaker 1>the insect world. You're pretty safe in there. And if

0:43:55.560 --> 0:43:57.360
<v Speaker 1>you're if you can get away with eating some of

0:43:57.400 --> 0:44:00.440
<v Speaker 1>the babies in the castle, all the better. Yep. Resolutely

0:44:01.640 --> 0:44:03.920
<v Speaker 1>wasn't that dark. But I believe that they just said

0:44:03.960 --> 0:44:08.200
<v Speaker 1>something very quickly about pheromones. You know, that's usually just pheromones.

0:44:08.280 --> 0:44:11.279
<v Speaker 1>That's how we do it. So what do we we

0:44:11.360 --> 0:44:17.480
<v Speaker 1>have a parasitic castration next? Yes, because of course the

0:44:17.520 --> 0:44:20.319
<v Speaker 1>Strain has some wonderful scenes where the characters who are

0:44:20.400 --> 0:44:24.279
<v Speaker 1>changing suddenly realize that they're genitals are rotting and or

0:44:24.320 --> 0:44:27.120
<v Speaker 1>falling off, and then whoops, they finally dropped their pants,

0:44:27.120 --> 0:44:29.000
<v Speaker 1>look in the mirror and there is this kin doll

0:44:29.200 --> 0:44:32.040
<v Speaker 1>like molding. Yeah. As I mentioned at the top, it's

0:44:32.120 --> 0:44:34.680
<v Speaker 1>like they get rid of everything that that that that

0:44:34.719 --> 0:44:39.919
<v Speaker 1>the the vampire biology no longer needs, and it falls off.

0:44:40.040 --> 0:44:42.680
<v Speaker 1>They I do remember this from the television show that

0:44:42.719 --> 0:44:46.640
<v Speaker 1>they made a rather big production about one character going

0:44:46.719 --> 0:44:51.160
<v Speaker 1>through that process, and um, yeah, it was grizzly. Yeah,

0:44:51.239 --> 0:44:53.880
<v Speaker 1>but yeah, you're right, they've got the sort of action

0:44:53.960 --> 0:44:58.440
<v Speaker 1>figure Barbie doll body, uh, and they're very smooth. So

0:44:58.480 --> 0:45:01.200
<v Speaker 1>all that stuff falls off. So the pair citocratic castration

0:45:01.280 --> 0:45:03.440
<v Speaker 1>is similar to this. Yeah, and it's you know, it's ghastly,

0:45:03.480 --> 0:45:07.240
<v Speaker 1>but it's purely economical because in the case of the strain,

0:45:08.320 --> 0:45:11.120
<v Speaker 1>the little stragary worm, it does it doesn't need these

0:45:11.120 --> 0:45:14.120
<v Speaker 1>host creatures to breed, and it doesn't This is not

0:45:14.160 --> 0:45:17.279
<v Speaker 1>a part of its functional biology anymore. And so in

0:45:17.360 --> 0:45:21.319
<v Speaker 1>the natural world we see parasitic castration as a as

0:45:21.360 --> 0:45:24.080
<v Speaker 1>a tactic where they shut off reproduction in the host,

0:45:24.360 --> 0:45:28.120
<v Speaker 1>generally in order to hoard all the energy resources for themselves.

0:45:28.560 --> 0:45:31.440
<v Speaker 1>Because this is your host. You're were you were gaming

0:45:31.440 --> 0:45:35.360
<v Speaker 1>this organism, and so any energy expenditure, and and certainly

0:45:35.600 --> 0:45:39.839
<v Speaker 1>in organisms mating, energy expenditures are kind of high. So

0:45:39.880 --> 0:45:43.520
<v Speaker 1>if you can shut that off, then you've streamlined the

0:45:43.520 --> 0:45:47.759
<v Speaker 1>the the the energy efficiency of the organism for yourself. Um.

0:45:47.880 --> 0:45:51.719
<v Speaker 1>There are numerous accounts of this, but one one that

0:45:51.800 --> 0:45:55.560
<v Speaker 1>came to mind here is a parasitic parasitic barnacle called

0:45:55.920 --> 0:46:01.040
<v Speaker 1>Sacculina carcini, and this parasite stops rep production in the

0:46:01.080 --> 0:46:04.440
<v Speaker 1>host crab and stand and end up ends up stimulating

0:46:04.440 --> 0:46:08.160
<v Speaker 1>the female crab to disperse parasitic eggs. In this with

0:46:08.239 --> 0:46:10.560
<v Speaker 1>the same behavior that you would normally use to lay

0:46:10.560 --> 0:46:13.279
<v Speaker 1>her own eggs, So us want the same mouth well

0:46:13.320 --> 0:46:16.080
<v Speaker 1>I don't know their mouthparts, but using the same the

0:46:16.120 --> 0:46:20.960
<v Speaker 1>same physiological gifts to distribute the parasite young that she

0:46:21.000 --> 0:46:25.839
<v Speaker 1>would normally use to distribute her own eggs. I you

0:46:25.880 --> 0:46:29.080
<v Speaker 1>have a note here too about how trematode parasites also

0:46:29.360 --> 0:46:32.640
<v Speaker 1>use this to destroy the gonads of their victims. Yeah,

0:46:32.680 --> 0:46:35.279
<v Speaker 1>because again, what does it have gonads for? This is

0:46:35.960 --> 0:46:38.279
<v Speaker 1>you know, the parasites essentially saying this is not a

0:46:38.360 --> 0:46:43.239
<v Speaker 1>free roaming crab or insect. It's it's it's my car now,

0:46:43.400 --> 0:46:49.080
<v Speaker 1>and I my card does not eat gonads. Okay, So, uh,

0:46:49.719 --> 0:46:52.440
<v Speaker 1>I'm gonna say this. There's a particular one that we're

0:46:52.440 --> 0:46:54.920
<v Speaker 1>gonna get to that I had a nightmare about last night.

0:46:54.960 --> 0:46:59.040
<v Speaker 1>So we're heading towards it, though, But the parasitic castration,

0:46:59.239 --> 0:47:01.320
<v Speaker 1>and you think of about it. This is the first

0:47:01.360 --> 0:47:03.520
<v Speaker 1>time working on an episode of stuff to blow your mind.

0:47:03.520 --> 0:47:06.360
<v Speaker 1>I've had a nightmare. Well, welcome to the show, Christian.

0:47:08.400 --> 0:47:10.920
<v Speaker 1>So another one is this is not the one I

0:47:10.960 --> 0:47:13.200
<v Speaker 1>was thinking of, but the the the hookworm which many

0:47:13.200 --> 0:47:17.479
<v Speaker 1>of us are familiar with her which also called a nematode. Uh,

0:47:17.640 --> 0:47:20.560
<v Speaker 1>you know, This is just your your average hookworm parasite

0:47:20.600 --> 0:47:23.919
<v Speaker 1>that sucks the blood from within its host, very vampiric. Uh.

0:47:23.960 --> 0:47:26.640
<v Speaker 1>It burrows into your skin and migrates to small intestines.

0:47:26.680 --> 0:47:29.759
<v Speaker 1>And we're talking about humans here. And yeah, especially in

0:47:29.800 --> 0:47:33.680
<v Speaker 1>the South here, we're big on the hookworm not too

0:47:33.800 --> 0:47:36.879
<v Speaker 1>not too long ago. Sometimes they can suck so much

0:47:36.920 --> 0:47:39.440
<v Speaker 1>blood from within your body that you can get anemia,

0:47:39.719 --> 0:47:42.520
<v Speaker 1>so you will probably be aware of this. And here

0:47:42.600 --> 0:47:45.600
<v Speaker 1>is a stunning fact. When I was looking this up,

0:47:45.840 --> 0:47:49.320
<v Speaker 1>they currently infect six hundred million people in the world.

0:47:50.000 --> 0:47:51.920
<v Speaker 1>So that's a lot. I mean when you think about it.

0:47:51.960 --> 0:47:53.719
<v Speaker 1>You know, I was joking earlier about our sort of

0:47:53.800 --> 0:47:57.919
<v Speaker 1>first world uh plumbing problems of having clean water that's

0:47:57.920 --> 0:48:01.960
<v Speaker 1>readily available, but uh man, six hundred people and six

0:48:02.000 --> 0:48:04.920
<v Speaker 1>hundred million people in the world are carrying around hookworms

0:48:04.960 --> 0:48:07.520
<v Speaker 1>and can't do anything about it. Well, then you have

0:48:07.560 --> 0:48:11.360
<v Speaker 1>the interesting situation where hookworm free individuals have sought them

0:48:11.400 --> 0:48:15.000
<v Speaker 1>out there. There's been some interesting content to come out

0:48:15.640 --> 0:48:18.799
<v Speaker 1>in previous years about this where there's the argument that

0:48:19.040 --> 0:48:22.040
<v Speaker 1>humans have had hookworms for so long that we've kind

0:48:22.040 --> 0:48:24.520
<v Speaker 1>of co evolved with them, and we've reached the point

0:48:24.560 --> 0:48:27.879
<v Speaker 1>where we kind of don't work right if if we're

0:48:27.920 --> 0:48:32.160
<v Speaker 1>missing the hookworms. Really so you have you've had cases

0:48:32.200 --> 0:48:36.520
<v Speaker 1>where certain individuals have claimed that as hookworm free organisms

0:48:37.040 --> 0:48:40.520
<v Speaker 1>there they don't work right, they're not properly. They have

0:48:40.560 --> 0:48:44.080
<v Speaker 1>all these allergies, etcetera, or some kind of some some

0:48:44.200 --> 0:48:46.680
<v Speaker 1>kind of modern maladay. Yeah, and I think a lot

0:48:46.680 --> 0:48:49.600
<v Speaker 1>of times it is just excessive allergies. And then they

0:48:49.600 --> 0:48:53.360
<v Speaker 1>seek out the hookworm infection and uh and and and

0:48:53.600 --> 0:48:56.720
<v Speaker 1>the choir hookworms by saying going to treem filled field

0:48:56.719 --> 0:48:59.160
<v Speaker 1>in Africa. There was this American life about this one

0:48:59.200 --> 0:49:01.960
<v Speaker 1>individual britishdividual who did this. I think he was British

0:49:02.000 --> 0:49:05.040
<v Speaker 1>where he ended up fleeing to Britain anyway, he um,

0:49:05.080 --> 0:49:07.319
<v Speaker 1>he went acquired hookworms and he was actually selling them

0:49:07.320 --> 0:49:11.640
<v Speaker 1>online for a little bit to like minded individuals. Um.

0:49:11.680 --> 0:49:13.760
<v Speaker 1>The thing is he's kind of acting ahead of the research.

0:49:13.800 --> 0:49:16.200
<v Speaker 1>There's actual research that's looking into this, say saying, you know,

0:49:16.280 --> 0:49:20.480
<v Speaker 1>to what extent, how do we uh, do we benefit

0:49:20.560 --> 0:49:23.799
<v Speaker 1>from a mild hookworm infestation in our bodies? You know,

0:49:23.880 --> 0:49:28.360
<v Speaker 1>not enough to actually cause anema anemia, but enough to

0:49:28.360 --> 0:49:30.440
<v Speaker 1>to sort of balance things out and give our body

0:49:30.880 --> 0:49:34.640
<v Speaker 1>the in the the level of infection and occupancy that

0:49:34.719 --> 0:49:37.040
<v Speaker 1>it has come to expect. So it's sort of like

0:49:37.160 --> 0:49:45.239
<v Speaker 1>the symbiotic relationship many animals have with parasitic uh, parasites

0:49:45.280 --> 0:49:47.680
<v Speaker 1>have with their hosts. Yeah, I mean across the board

0:49:47.680 --> 0:49:51.600
<v Speaker 1>when you look at parasites and symbiotic relationships, there's often

0:49:51.680 --> 0:49:53.960
<v Speaker 1>kind of that gray area like when does when does

0:49:54.000 --> 0:49:56.720
<v Speaker 1>the parasite stop being a parasite and start being becoming

0:49:56.760 --> 0:49:59.600
<v Speaker 1>a symbiotic organism? At which point does it stop becoming

0:49:59.600 --> 0:50:01.879
<v Speaker 1>a paras side and become a part of who you are,

0:50:02.000 --> 0:50:05.279
<v Speaker 1>such as you know, all the bacteria in our bodies. Yeah,

0:50:05.280 --> 0:50:08.320
<v Speaker 1>Like I'm thinking of Lamprey's where I grew up in

0:50:08.360 --> 0:50:12.439
<v Speaker 1>New England. Lampreys are really common in the rivers around there,

0:50:12.680 --> 0:50:15.880
<v Speaker 1>and they certainly work off of hosts and kind of,

0:50:15.960 --> 0:50:20.360
<v Speaker 1>you know, to maintain one another's ecology. But there's also, um,

0:50:20.400 --> 0:50:22.640
<v Speaker 1>what are the what the what are the I'm forgetting

0:50:22.640 --> 0:50:26.320
<v Speaker 1>the name right now. With the fish that cleaned sharks

0:50:26.800 --> 0:50:30.440
<v Speaker 1>believe so yeah, the little yeah little cleaning Yeah yeah, yeah,

0:50:31.040 --> 0:50:34.080
<v Speaker 1>maybe that's maybe the hookworm is our remora. Yeah, I

0:50:34.080 --> 0:50:38.720
<v Speaker 1>mean there, I've I've read some interesting speculative biology about

0:50:39.280 --> 0:50:41.839
<v Speaker 1>about the origins of the vampire bat, and there are

0:50:41.880 --> 0:50:46.560
<v Speaker 1>some there's some theories that vampire bats originated as as

0:50:46.400 --> 0:50:49.840
<v Speaker 1>his creatures that would would feed clean up the wounds

0:50:49.960 --> 0:50:53.200
<v Speaker 1>of giant you know, megafauna, and then over time that

0:50:53.280 --> 0:50:58.040
<v Speaker 1>develops into just full blown parasitism. Yeah, well that is

0:50:58.480 --> 0:51:01.879
<v Speaker 1>you know, if your stomach hasn't hearn from our hookworms

0:51:01.880 --> 0:51:04.600
<v Speaker 1>and syphilis and zombie fungus, what have we got next

0:51:04.640 --> 0:51:07.520
<v Speaker 1>for you? That's like a vampire from a from a

0:51:07.560 --> 0:51:10.160
<v Speaker 1>science fiction TV show. Of course, we could keep going.

0:51:10.200 --> 0:51:12.759
<v Speaker 1>We're actually gonna have to cut a couple of parasites

0:51:12.800 --> 0:51:14.960
<v Speaker 1>from our notes just to so that we don't go

0:51:15.000 --> 0:51:17.560
<v Speaker 1>too long here. But the next one we're gonna look

0:51:17.560 --> 0:51:22.400
<v Speaker 1>at if simon Thoa exigua, which is this cool isopod

0:51:22.440 --> 0:51:24.879
<v Speaker 1>creature that a number of you are probably familiar with.

0:51:25.200 --> 0:51:27.680
<v Speaker 1>It kind of looks like a like a sand louse,

0:51:27.760 --> 0:51:30.799
<v Speaker 1>a little bit like a kind of beetle or an

0:51:30.920 --> 0:51:33.040
<v Speaker 1>enlarged tick or something like that. Yeah, I think it's

0:51:33.080 --> 0:51:36.239
<v Speaker 1>actually kin to like the little roly poly creatures you see.

0:51:37.040 --> 0:51:39.600
<v Speaker 1>If you've seen the horror movie The Bay, which came

0:51:39.600 --> 0:51:43.200
<v Speaker 1>out about to maybe three years ago. The whole movie

0:51:43.320 --> 0:51:47.760
<v Speaker 1>surrounded the idea of these sort of mutated isopods infecting

0:51:47.800 --> 0:51:50.239
<v Speaker 1>human being. Did you see it? I did. Does it

0:51:50.239 --> 0:51:53.800
<v Speaker 1>actually like replace their tongue? Yeah? Yeah, I mean the

0:51:53.840 --> 0:51:57.120
<v Speaker 1>whole movie sort of builds up to, uh that that's

0:51:57.160 --> 0:52:00.960
<v Speaker 1>the big scene, but they cut it's found footage, so

0:52:00.960 --> 0:52:04.439
<v Speaker 1>they cut it with footage of actual isopods inside fish

0:52:04.480 --> 0:52:07.279
<v Speaker 1>mouths replacing their tongues. Yeah. I mean, I think a

0:52:07.320 --> 0:52:09.080
<v Speaker 1>lot of our listeners are familiar with this one because

0:52:09.080 --> 0:52:12.120
<v Speaker 1>I think we've covered in on the podcast before, and

0:52:12.400 --> 0:52:14.440
<v Speaker 1>it's it's also one of these things that just really

0:52:14.800 --> 0:52:17.640
<v Speaker 1>became viral because it's horrifying. This the idea that you know,

0:52:17.800 --> 0:52:20.800
<v Speaker 1>you look at the fish's mouth and there instead of

0:52:20.840 --> 0:52:25.319
<v Speaker 1>the fish's tongue, you have this little crustacean that is

0:52:25.360 --> 0:52:28.440
<v Speaker 1>just setting there, perched on the on its tongue stump,

0:52:28.920 --> 0:52:31.319
<v Speaker 1>acting as its tongue, just like you know, you open

0:52:31.400 --> 0:52:34.759
<v Speaker 1>this mouth and there's a little guy in there's hello. Yeah. Yeah.

0:52:35.040 --> 0:52:38.120
<v Speaker 1>I think there's some some lovely cartoons out there they

0:52:38.160 --> 0:52:40.880
<v Speaker 1>explore that. Um, this is so I mentioned earlier I

0:52:41.160 --> 0:52:43.160
<v Speaker 1>had a nightmare doing the research of this episode, and

0:52:43.160 --> 0:52:45.279
<v Speaker 1>this was I think it was sort of an amllegation

0:52:45.320 --> 0:52:47.360
<v Speaker 1>of all the parasites that we're talking about here, but

0:52:47.400 --> 0:52:49.799
<v Speaker 1>the isopod in particular is one that gets me. I

0:52:50.480 --> 0:52:53.840
<v Speaker 1>before I went to bed last night, my my throat

0:52:53.920 --> 0:52:56.239
<v Speaker 1>was a little inflamed, I think, like my allergies were

0:52:56.239 --> 0:52:59.040
<v Speaker 1>bothering me. And in the night I had this you know,

0:52:59.440 --> 0:53:02.960
<v Speaker 1>horrifying there about something crawling around in my throat. It

0:53:03.040 --> 0:53:05.360
<v Speaker 1>was probably mixed in with the strain as well, with

0:53:05.480 --> 0:53:08.040
<v Speaker 1>the you know, the whole idea that your voice box

0:53:08.080 --> 0:53:10.680
<v Speaker 1>and lungs collapse and fuse into the stinger thing. But

0:53:10.719 --> 0:53:13.720
<v Speaker 1>the isopod is really I mean, that's that's pretty close

0:53:13.760 --> 0:53:16.200
<v Speaker 1>to the strain there where your tongue is replaced by

0:53:16.239 --> 0:53:19.280
<v Speaker 1>a living thing. Yeah, and it's horrifying to think of

0:53:19.280 --> 0:53:21.600
<v Speaker 1>of a fish experiencing this because the fish can't just

0:53:21.680 --> 0:53:23.719
<v Speaker 1>reach in and do anything about it. It's just kind

0:53:23.719 --> 0:53:26.000
<v Speaker 1>of it's just got to roll with it. At this point.

0:53:26.280 --> 0:53:30.040
<v Speaker 1>This thing painfully like drains your tongue juice out and

0:53:30.080 --> 0:53:33.320
<v Speaker 1>then you're just atrophies and then attaches to the stump

0:53:33.800 --> 0:53:37.040
<v Speaker 1>and then it becomes your new tongue and then you know,

0:53:37.160 --> 0:53:41.359
<v Speaker 1>feeding off of morsels of food and mucus it's it's horrifying. Yeah.

0:53:41.360 --> 0:53:44.479
<v Speaker 1>And to be clear here, uh, my understanding is that

0:53:44.840 --> 0:53:47.000
<v Speaker 1>they do not do this to humans. There hasn't been

0:53:47.040 --> 0:53:49.359
<v Speaker 1>a case where humans tongue has been replaced by one

0:53:49.400 --> 0:53:53.600
<v Speaker 1>of these things. And that movie exists, it's fictional. Yeah,

0:53:53.680 --> 0:53:56.319
<v Speaker 1>and the the the isopods in question here, they don't.

0:53:56.440 --> 0:54:00.319
<v Speaker 1>Uh My understanding too that that we we still need

0:54:00.320 --> 0:54:02.239
<v Speaker 1>a lot more research on and there isn't a lot

0:54:02.280 --> 0:54:04.640
<v Speaker 1>of of of of there isn't a lot of study

0:54:04.719 --> 0:54:08.880
<v Speaker 1>into their biology, uh and their their life cycle. But

0:54:08.880 --> 0:54:10.520
<v Speaker 1>but hopefully in the years the years to come, well

0:54:10.800 --> 0:54:13.839
<v Speaker 1>learn more about their their marvelous lifestyle. But yeah, if

0:54:13.840 --> 0:54:16.200
<v Speaker 1>you certainly, if you want to see some twitchy imagery,

0:54:16.840 --> 0:54:19.720
<v Speaker 1>do an image search for isopods because just in general,

0:54:19.760 --> 0:54:23.760
<v Speaker 1>not even just the ones the Simothia, as you mentioned earlier,

0:54:24.360 --> 0:54:27.759
<v Speaker 1>uh that they're creepy, there's some there's something about them

0:54:27.920 --> 0:54:32.400
<v Speaker 1>that just doesn't doesn't work for me. Uh So, okay, wasps,

0:54:32.680 --> 0:54:36.279
<v Speaker 1>there are a lot of different parasitic wasps, so there

0:54:36.320 --> 0:54:38.920
<v Speaker 1>this is sort of a broad category, but I think

0:54:38.920 --> 0:54:40.920
<v Speaker 1>it's important for us to cover in this relation to

0:54:40.960 --> 0:54:44.839
<v Speaker 1>the strain because there's so many of them. But they

0:54:44.880 --> 0:54:49.160
<v Speaker 1>They commonly have this this trait where they lay eggs

0:54:49.160 --> 0:54:52.839
<v Speaker 1>inside of a host. The generic one that I read

0:54:52.880 --> 0:54:55.359
<v Speaker 1>about was that they lay eggs inside a caterpillar, right,

0:54:55.960 --> 0:55:00.360
<v Speaker 1>and they these eggs hatch inside the caterpillar's body, devour

0:55:00.480 --> 0:55:04.800
<v Speaker 1>it from the inside out, and then you know, burst

0:55:04.800 --> 0:55:09.120
<v Speaker 1>out of its body again, like the stereotype of all

0:55:09.160 --> 0:55:12.319
<v Speaker 1>these things. Right. Here's where it gets even weirder. Some

0:55:12.480 --> 0:55:15.400
<v Speaker 1>of these wasps stay behind in the corpse of this

0:55:15.480 --> 0:55:20.280
<v Speaker 1>caterpillar to defend other wasps that are still metamorphosizing inside

0:55:20.320 --> 0:55:23.960
<v Speaker 1>of it, and they will, like like people wearing a

0:55:24.000 --> 0:55:28.320
<v Speaker 1>horse costume sort of, they manipulate the the caterpillar's corpse

0:55:28.800 --> 0:55:31.279
<v Speaker 1>so it seems like it's still alive, and they try

0:55:31.280 --> 0:55:34.319
<v Speaker 1>to chase away predators. The move it and kind of

0:55:34.360 --> 0:55:38.759
<v Speaker 1>twitch it around, and it's it's a horrifying Yeah, when

0:55:38.760 --> 0:55:41.400
<v Speaker 1>you start looking at parasitic wasps, there's so many fables examples,

0:55:41.400 --> 0:55:43.440
<v Speaker 1>Like there's a study that I was just reading, an

0:55:43.440 --> 0:55:46.080
<v Speaker 1>embargo study that's coming out and we'll have come out

0:55:46.080 --> 0:55:49.239
<v Speaker 1>by the time this episode airs, uh, in which a

0:55:49.239 --> 0:55:54.920
<v Speaker 1>particular wasps actually makes the infected spiders build it build

0:55:54.920 --> 0:55:58.719
<v Speaker 1>a protection for it. Yeah, And One of my favorites

0:55:58.960 --> 0:56:04.399
<v Speaker 1>is a particular wasp dino campus Cocanella, and it does

0:56:04.400 --> 0:56:07.480
<v Speaker 1>the you know, the traditional parasitic set up here, It

0:56:07.640 --> 0:56:13.359
<v Speaker 1>ambushes a ladybug, implants it's it's egg inside it, and

0:56:13.400 --> 0:56:18.759
<v Speaker 1>then and then runs off. Right, So, eventually the the

0:56:18.760 --> 0:56:22.560
<v Speaker 1>the young wasp emerges from the host organism, and a

0:56:22.600 --> 0:56:24.399
<v Speaker 1>lot of times, you know, you would expect the host

0:56:24.480 --> 0:56:28.440
<v Speaker 1>organism to mercifully die off, but in this case, not

0:56:28.480 --> 0:56:32.399
<v Speaker 1>only does the ladybug live, but a little behavior modification

0:56:32.640 --> 0:56:35.360
<v Speaker 1>from the parasite forces it to hang around and guard

0:56:35.800 --> 0:56:39.080
<v Speaker 1>the parasite baby as it grows into full adulthood beneath

0:56:39.120 --> 0:56:42.600
<v Speaker 1>the protective bulk of the ladybug. And they think it's

0:56:42.680 --> 0:56:45.439
<v Speaker 1>due to secretions that are left by the larva when

0:56:45.440 --> 0:56:48.600
<v Speaker 1>it bursts out that you know, functionally reprogram it. And

0:56:48.600 --> 0:56:54.680
<v Speaker 1>then on top of that, the ladybug doesn't even dive. Then, um,

0:56:54.800 --> 0:57:00.600
<v Speaker 1>the researchers found that of the cases, the ladybugs recovered

0:57:01.160 --> 0:57:06.320
<v Speaker 1>normal behavior following the ordeal. Really, so this is really

0:57:06.360 --> 0:57:09.240
<v Speaker 1>gets to the heart of that theme of taking away

0:57:09.760 --> 0:57:15.080
<v Speaker 1>independence these parasitic organisms doing so, but also that it

0:57:15.080 --> 0:57:17.840
<v Speaker 1>it gains it back, it gets it gets its life

0:57:17.840 --> 0:57:22.120
<v Speaker 1>back afterwards. If so, what I mean it has nice

0:57:21.880 --> 0:57:25.640
<v Speaker 1>that I can't help but imagine like a human scenario,

0:57:25.720 --> 0:57:28.080
<v Speaker 1>like we lived in a world where occasionally you're just

0:57:28.120 --> 0:57:31.320
<v Speaker 1>impregnated by a parasite and you essentially give birth to

0:57:31.440 --> 0:57:34.000
<v Speaker 1>this thing that emerges from you, you know, alien chess,

0:57:34.040 --> 0:57:36.720
<v Speaker 1>but Verster style. But then you live on to you know,

0:57:36.880 --> 0:57:41.240
<v Speaker 1>go to support groups for likewise parasite afflicted into well.

0:57:41.240 --> 0:57:43.240
<v Speaker 1>I mean I suppose that that you could argue that

0:57:43.240 --> 0:57:45.320
<v Speaker 1>that's what's going on with some people of hookworm or

0:57:45.360 --> 0:57:50.640
<v Speaker 1>codeworm and and such, but they're not reprogrammed to guard

0:57:50.800 --> 0:57:55.480
<v Speaker 1>the tape worms layer. You know. Uh. There's another just

0:57:55.520 --> 0:57:58.800
<v Speaker 1>one more parasitic wasp that I wanted to touch on here,

0:57:58.840 --> 0:58:02.360
<v Speaker 1>the Ampilex compre us so, which is the emerald cockroach wasp.

0:58:02.880 --> 0:58:05.560
<v Speaker 1>This one does a similar thing that for the ladybug,

0:58:05.600 --> 0:58:07.880
<v Speaker 1>but it's with cockroaches like that they all have their

0:58:07.880 --> 0:58:11.880
<v Speaker 1>own like like specific breed of other insects that they

0:58:12.200 --> 0:58:15.760
<v Speaker 1>you know, mind control and destroy. So this one lands

0:58:15.760 --> 0:58:20.360
<v Speaker 1>on a cockroach, stabs it when it's fertilized with eggs.

0:58:20.400 --> 0:58:23.640
<v Speaker 1>The wasp the stinger that it stabs it with is

0:58:23.720 --> 0:58:26.080
<v Speaker 1>also a sense organ, so it kind of roots around

0:58:26.080 --> 0:58:30.440
<v Speaker 1>inside the cockroach and touches its brain, and it injects

0:58:30.480 --> 0:58:34.200
<v Speaker 1>a certain kind of venom into the cockroach's brain that

0:58:34.280 --> 0:58:37.600
<v Speaker 1>basically takes away the cockroach is motivation to escape danger

0:58:37.640 --> 0:58:41.000
<v Speaker 1>at all. So the cockroach becomes placid and just follows

0:58:41.120 --> 0:58:44.160
<v Speaker 1>the wats. Well that's a gift, really, right, yeah, I

0:58:44.160 --> 0:58:48.320
<v Speaker 1>mean taking away you know, fear, so you know they give,

0:58:48.400 --> 0:58:52.480
<v Speaker 1>they take. But this is where it gets really nasty.

0:58:53.160 --> 0:58:57.360
<v Speaker 1>It leads the cockroach away from where it lives back

0:58:57.440 --> 0:59:00.560
<v Speaker 1>to the wasp layer, lays the egs in it, and

0:59:00.560 --> 0:59:03.800
<v Speaker 1>then what do you think happens? Um, everyone goes through

0:59:03.840 --> 0:59:09.160
<v Speaker 1>separate ways. Unfortunately no, uh, the uh wasp bags hatch

0:59:09.360 --> 0:59:12.760
<v Speaker 1>and burst out of the corporach and kill it. So

0:59:12.840 --> 0:59:15.440
<v Speaker 1>a lot of a lot of bursting, more bursting. It's

0:59:15.440 --> 0:59:19.520
<v Speaker 1>a beautiful world, the beautiful para. I mean, I would say,

0:59:19.560 --> 0:59:21.920
<v Speaker 1>you know, we're specifically trying to associate these with the

0:59:22.000 --> 0:59:24.400
<v Speaker 1>vampires from the stream, but I would say that a

0:59:24.440 --> 0:59:29.080
<v Speaker 1>lot of these resonate with the xenomore from Alien. Oh yeah, definitely.

0:59:29.120 --> 0:59:32.320
<v Speaker 1>And it's very very parasitic in that regard. And the

0:59:32.360 --> 0:59:35.800
<v Speaker 1>crazy thing is like is is elaborate as the crigory

0:59:36.200 --> 0:59:39.520
<v Speaker 1>um life cycle is as elaborate as the zenobore f

0:59:39.520 --> 0:59:42.880
<v Speaker 1>life cycle is. You look at some of the the

0:59:42.880 --> 0:59:46.640
<v Speaker 1>the charts showing you various parasitic life cycles and all

0:59:46.680 --> 0:59:48.520
<v Speaker 1>the different hosts they have to go through, and some

0:59:48.560 --> 0:59:51.240
<v Speaker 1>of these are tremendously complex, Like you could never do

0:59:51.280 --> 0:59:53.360
<v Speaker 1>a TV show about them, because everyone would have to

0:59:53.440 --> 0:59:56.560
<v Speaker 1>keep referring to, uh, you know, flash cards to keep

0:59:56.640 --> 0:59:58.720
<v Speaker 1>up with your life style, especially when you get these ones,

0:59:58.760 --> 1:00:00.640
<v Speaker 1>which we didn't we didn't cover that much here, but

1:00:00.720 --> 1:00:03.960
<v Speaker 1>the ones that go from one host to another host

1:00:04.040 --> 1:00:07.320
<v Speaker 1>to another host, so they they they're ultimate end goal.

1:00:07.400 --> 1:00:10.080
<v Speaker 1>For instance, is like a flamingo that they get eaten

1:00:10.240 --> 1:00:13.320
<v Speaker 1>by a cricket or something first, and then they they

1:00:13.360 --> 1:00:15.400
<v Speaker 1>they're inside the cricket, and then the crickets eaten by

1:00:15.400 --> 1:00:18.200
<v Speaker 1>a flamingo or something like that. You know, uh, it

1:00:18.800 --> 1:00:20.400
<v Speaker 1>move on and on and on to get to the

1:00:20.440 --> 1:00:23.400
<v Speaker 1>eventual thing that they can reproduce in yeah, and then

1:00:23.600 --> 1:00:25.720
<v Speaker 1>and then I'm very often they're hacking the mind of

1:00:25.720 --> 1:00:28.600
<v Speaker 1>the host. They're manipulating behavior in order to gain it

1:00:28.680 --> 1:00:33.320
<v Speaker 1>back towards that that that start point or that endpoint. Right, exactly.

1:00:33.960 --> 1:00:36.800
<v Speaker 1>All right, So there you haven't the strain the world

1:00:36.800 --> 1:00:39.560
<v Speaker 1>of parasites, and I'll make sure that the landing page

1:00:39.560 --> 1:00:41.800
<v Speaker 1>for this episode includes links to a whole bunch of

1:00:42.520 --> 1:00:45.240
<v Speaker 1>stuff to blow your mind content about parasites in their

1:00:45.240 --> 1:00:48.240
<v Speaker 1>wonderful ways. Yeah, I was gonna say this research really,

1:00:48.400 --> 1:00:52.120
<v Speaker 1>I think is in the uh golden zone for stuff

1:00:52.160 --> 1:00:55.320
<v Speaker 1>to blow your mind. There's a lot of previous episodes

1:00:55.360 --> 1:00:58.320
<v Speaker 1>and videos and posts that you've done over the years

1:00:58.320 --> 1:01:02.400
<v Speaker 1>on this, and uh, you know, I would love to

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<v Speaker 1>hear from our listeners as well about their experience with

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<v Speaker 1>these things, whether you know, maybe there's somebody out there

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<v Speaker 1>who's had hookworm, or maybe there's somebody who's had experience

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<v Speaker 1>researching these things and could tell us more about them.

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<v Speaker 1>It really is stuff we're gonna just keep on covering

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<v Speaker 1>because it's fascinating and there's always more research. They were

1:01:19.520 --> 1:01:22.960
<v Speaker 1>continually finding cool, new cool new parasites and new understandings

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<v Speaker 1>without existence sites work. So if you want to tell

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<v Speaker 1>us your stories about these you can contact us on Facebook, Twitter,

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<v Speaker 1>or Tumbler where we are blow the Mind, or you

1:01:33.120 --> 1:01:36.280
<v Speaker 1>can write to us at blow the Mind at how

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<v Speaker 1>stuff works dot com for more on this and thousands

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<v Speaker 1>of other topics. Is it how stuff Works? Dot com